外研版(2019)高中英语必修三Unit 2 同步练习

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外研版(2019)高中英语必修三Unit 2 同步练习
一、单词拼写(词汇运用)
1.The    (缺乏) of     (药物) is the     (主要的) cause of his death.
【答案】shortage;drugs;major
【知识点】名词;形容词
【解析】【分析】句意:药品短缺是他死亡的主要原因。 第一空是名词作主语,根据谓语动词is,故填shortage;第二空是名词作介词宾语,drug是可数名词,故填drugs;第三空是形容词修饰名词作定语,故填major。因此答案为:1、shortage;2、drugs;3、major。
【点评】考查名词和形容词,本题涉及名词作主语和宾语,以及形容词作定语。
2.He made great    (贡献) to     (治疗) of     (癌症) .
【答案】contributions;treatment;cancer
【知识点】固定短语;名词
【解析】【分析】句意:他对癌症的治疗作出了巨大的贡献。 make great contributions to,固定短语,“对......做出巨大贡献”,the treatment of cancer固定短语,“对癌症的治疗”,因此答案为: 1、contributions;2、treatment;3、cancer。
【点评】考查名词,以及固定短语make great contributions to和the treatment of cancer。
3.The old man     (捐献) all the money that he     (挣) to the charity.
【答案】donated;earned
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意:那位老人把他挣来的钱都捐给了慈善机构。 根据句意谓语动词用一般现在时,因此答案为:1、donated;2、earned。
【点评】考查时态,本题涉及一般过去时。
4.Helping the people of Wuhan city
stop "COVID-19" is a     (使命)for the people across China.
【答案】mission
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意:帮助武汉市人民阻止“19covid”是全中国人民的使命。不定冠词后接单数名词,故填mission。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作表语。
5.There is no doubt that road traffic
injuries are a leading cause of death and     (残疾).
【答案】disability
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意:毫无疑问,道路交通伤害是死亡和残疾的主要原因。此空与death并列,作介词宾语,故填disability。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
6.The company hired
several    (临时的) worker to do thorough cleanup.
【答案】temporary
【知识点】形容词
【解析】【分析】句意: 公司雇了几个临时工来做彻底清理。形容词修饰名词,作定语,故填temporary。
【点评】考查形容词,本题涉及形容词作定语。
7.He has never stopped trying and
showed great     (毅力).
【答案】perseverance
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意:他从未停止过尝试,并表现出了极大的毅力。形容词修饰名词,故填perseverance。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作宾语。
8.You can also o    (获得) knowledge through
practice.
【答案】obtain
【知识点】动词
【解析】【分析】句意:你也可以通过实践获得知识。情态动词后接动词原形,故填obtain。
【点评】考查动词,掌握obtain的应用。
9.Smoking is considered to be one of
the     (首要的) causes of lung cancer.
【答案】chief
【知识点】形容词
【解析】【分析】句意:吸烟被认为是肺癌的主要原因之一。形容词修饰名词,作主语,故填chief。
【点评】考查形容词,本题涉及形容词作定语。
10.There were fewer     (临时的) engineers to plug
in that city because of low pay.
【答案】temporary
【知识点】形容词
【解析】【分析】句意: 由于报酬低,该城市雇用得到的临时工程师就更少了。形容词修饰名词,作定语,故填temporary。
【点评】考查形容词,本题涉及形容词作定语。
二、语法填空
11.语法填空
Trees are useful things to man in three important     (way) they give us wood and other useful things, they give us cool places,     they help to stop drought and flood.
Unluckily, in many parts of the world, man has not found that     third of these points is the most important. Man wants to make money from trees, so he has cut them down     large numbers, only to find that without them he has lost the best friends he had. And also, he is usually too careless     (plant) and look after new trees. So the forests     (slow) disappear.
This does not only mean that man will have fewer trees. The results are even     (bad) : for where there are trees, their roots break up soil allowing the rain to sink in and also bind (固定) the soil, thus preventing it from     (wash) away easily; but where there are no trees, the rain     (fall) on hard ground and flows away, causing floods and carrying away the rich top-soil. When all the top-soil is gone, nothing     (leave) but useless desert.
【答案】ways;and;the;in;to plant;slowly;worse;being washed;falls;is left
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了树对人类的作用非常大, 可以给人类提供木材、提供阴凉、还可以帮助阻止干旱和洪水。但实际情况是很多人砍掉了很多树木, 破坏了植被, 引起了生态危机。
(1)考查名词。句意: 树对人类有三个重要的用处。根据空前three可知, 本空应用名词复数形式,故填ways。
(2)考查连词。句意: 它们给予我们木材和其他有用的东西, 它们给予我们凉爽的地方, 并且它们帮助我们阻止干旱和洪水。本空前后句为并列关系, 故填and。
(3)考查冠词。句意: 不幸的是, 在世界上许多地方, 人类还没有发现第三点是最重要的。序数词third前应用定冠词,故填the。
(4)考查介词。句意: 人类想从树木中赚钱, 所以他大量地砍伐树木, 结果发现没有了它们, 人类失去了最好的朋友。in large numbers固定短语,“大量地”, 故填in。
(5)考查非谓语动词。句意: 而且, 他通常太粗心大意, 不能种植和照料新树。本句为too. . . to. . . 句型, 意为“太……而不能”, 故应用不定式,填to plant。
(6)考查副词。句意: 所以森林慢慢地消失了。本空修饰动词disappear, 故应用副词,填slowly。
(7)考查形容词。句意: 结果甚至更糟。根据句意及空前even可知, 本空应用形容词的比较级形式,故填worse。
(8)考查非谓语动词。句意: 树木的根部使土壤裂开, 雨水渗入, 也固定了土壤, 从而阻止土壤轻易地被冲走。prevent. . . from doing sth. 固定短语,“阻止做某事”, 本空意为“阻止土壤被冲走”, 故本空应用动名词的被动形式,填being washed。
(9)考查时态。句意: 没有树的地方, 雨水落在坚硬的地面上, 然后流走, 造成洪水, 带走肥沃的表层土壤。根据空前are及空后flows可知, 本空应用一般现在时,故填falls。
(10)考查时态语态。句意: 当所有的表层土壤都消失时, 除了无用的沙漠什么都没留下。本句表述的是客观事实, 应用一般现在时, 且主语nothing和动词leave (留下) 之间为被动关系, 故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态,填is left。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词,连词,冠词,介词,非谓语动词,副词,形容词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科普类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
三、完形填空
12.阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A Toronto man is offering a free
round-the-world air ticket to the right woman. But (1) apply. You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher
and have a Canadian (2) .
Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then
girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted round-the-world air
tickets in May, but their (3) ended and he did not want her ticket to (4) . The ticket had a strict no-transfer(不可转让) (5) ,
but since passport information was not required when (6) ,
any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can (7) it.
"I just want to see the ticket go to
good use and for someone to (8) a
lot of joy," said Axani. He posted his (9) on a social networking website, and received
thousands of e-mails, including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with
the (10) passports. "More (11) ,
there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in (12) their name to Elizabeth Gallagher," Axani
said. "It was absolutely out of (13) ,
thousands of e-mails, people around the world (14) their stories of travel.”
Axani wrote
in his post that he is not (15) anything in return and that the woman who uses
the (16) ticket can choose to either travel with him or
(17) the ticket and travel on her
own.
The (18) is scheduled to start on December 21 in New
York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before
(19) in Toronto on January 8. He
said the (20) woman will be announced on the website and the
trip will be shared online.
(1)A.benefits B.deposits C.restrictions D.examinations
(2)A.origin B.passport C.accent D.friend
(3)A.holiday B.marriage C.dream D.relationship
(4)A.go to waste B.come to mind
C.go on sale D.come into effect
(5)A.policy B.order C.payment D.schedule
(6)A.applying B.booking C.checking D.bargaining
(7)A.use B.borrow C.choose D.buy
(8)A.sacrifice B.express C.experience D.provide
(9)A.answer B.advice C.offer D.comment
(10)A.same B.right C.new D.real
(11)A.interesting B.annoying C.satisfying D.convincing
(12)A.writing B.giving C.lending D.changing
(13)A.touch B.question C.date D.control
(14)A.admiring B.advertising C.sharing D.doubting
(15)A.leaving B.looking for
C.losing D.dealing with
(16)A.single B.strange C.regular D.extra
(17)A.return B.take C.reserve D.hide
(18)A.interview B.program C.trip D.meeting
(19)A.ending B.calling C.repeating D.staying
(20)A.honored B.lovely C.intelligent D.lucky
【答案】(1)C;(2)B;(3)D;(4)A;(5)A;(6)B;(7)A;(8)C;(9)C;(10)B;(11)A;(12)D;(13)D;(14)C;(15)B;(16)D;(17)B;(18)C;(19)A;(20)D
【知识点】故事阅读类;记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,一个加拿大青年在和女朋友分手后,希望免费赠送自己为女朋友购买的环球航空旅行机票的故事,体现了年轻人无私的精神。
(1)考查名词。A. benefits“利益”;B. deposits“押金”;C. restrictions“限制”;D. examinations“考试”。根据下文“You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian 2 ”可知申请免费环球旅行是有条件限制的,需要是名叫Elizabeth Gallagher、有加拿大护照的女子。故选C。
(2)考查名词。A. origin “来源”;B. passport“护照”;C. accent“口音”;D. friend“朋友”。根据下文的“including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the 10 passports”可知,申请人需要有加拿大的护照。故选B。
(3)考查名词。A. holiday“ 假期”;B. marriage “婚姻”;C. dream“梦想”;D. relationship“关系”。根据下文Jordan Axani转让机票可知他和女朋友关系结束了。故选D。
(4)考查动词短语。A. go to waste“浪费”;B. come to mind“想到”;C. go on sale“ 出售”;D. come into effect “开始生效”。根据下文“I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to 8 a lot of joy”可知他之所以想把票赠送给同名的人,是不想浪费掉机票。故选A。
(5)考查名词。A. policy“政策”;B. order“ 命令”;C. payment “付款”;D. schedule“ 计划,时间表”。机票是实名制,而且不可以转让,根据常识和语境可知这是一种政策。故选A。
(6)考查动词。A. applying“申请”;B. booking“预订”;C. checking“核实”;D. bargaining“讨价还价”。虽然机票不可转让,但是在预订的时候不需要护照的具体信息,因此在预订后这张机票可以给姓名相同的人使用。故选B。
(7)考查动词。A. use“使用”;B. borrow“借用”;C. choose“选择”;D. buy“ 购买”。根据上文可知,因为护照信息没有登记,所以任何一个名叫Elizabeth Gallagher,而且拥有加拿大护照的人都可以用这张机票。故选A。
(8)考查动词。A. sacrifice“牺牲”;B. express“表达”;C. experience“经历”;D. provide“提供”。人们如果能免费去环球旅行,当然会享受到很多的乐趣。故选C。
(9)考查名词。A. answer “答案”;B. advice“建议”;C. offer“提议”;D. comment“评论”。根据上文可知Jordan Axani在社交网站上贴出的是自己的提议,即免费赠送机票。故选C。
(10)考查形容词。A. same“同样的”;B. right“正确的”;C. new“新的”;D. real“真的”。根据上文的“actual Elizabeth Gallaghers ”以及文章首段对申请这张免费机票的要求可知,这里是指申请者中包括30位同名且拥有正确护照的人。故选B。
(11)考查形容词。A. interesting“有趣的”;B. annoying“令人恼火的”;C. satisfying“令人满意的”;D. convincing“令人信服的”。根据空后内容可知有数百人想改名字,这当然是一件很有趣的事情。故选A。
(12)考查动词。A. writing “写”;B. giving“给”;C. lending“借出”;D. changing“改变”。根据上文可知申请的要求是需要和Jordan Axani前女友同名,所以有人甚至想改名字。故选D。
(13)考查名词。A. touch“触动”;B. question“问题”;C. date“日期”;D. control“控制”。根据下文可知,世界上的很多人都知道这件事,如果允许人们改名字的话,那么事情就会无法控制。故选D。
(14)考查动词。A. admiring“羡慕”;B. advertising “做广告”;C. sharing“分享”;D. doubting“怀疑”。根据上文可知Jordan Axani收到了数千封邮件,很多人都分享他们的旅行故事。故选C。
(15)考查动词。A. leaving“ 离开”;B. looking for “寻找”;C. losing“失去”;D. dealing with “对付”。根据上文“A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air ticket to the right woman.”可知Jordan Axani是免费送给别人他多余的票,而不求回报。故选B。
(16)考查形容词。A. single“ 单一的”;B. strange“奇怪的”;C. regular“定期的”;D. extra“额外的”。根据上文可知Jordan Axani在和女朋友分手后,女朋友的机票就是多余出来的了。故选D。
(17)考查动词。A. return “返回,归还”;B. take“拿走”;C. reserve“保留”;D. hide“隐藏”。根据下文“and travel on her own”可知,申请到票的人可以和他一起旅行,也可以拿着票自己去旅行。故选B。
(18)考查名词。A. interview“采访”;B. program“项目”;C. trip“旅行”;D. meeting“会面”。根据上文“their stories of travel”可知,Jordan Axani是在赠送环球旅行的飞机票。故选C。
(19)考查动词。A. ending“结束”;B. calling “打电话”;C. repeating“ 重复”;D. staying“停留”。根据句意可知旅行是December 21从纽约出发,途经米兰、布拉格等多个城市,最后到达多伦多,结束旅行。故选A。
(20)考查形容词。A. honored “感到光荣的”;B. lovely“可爱的”;C. intelligent“聪明的”;D. lucky“幸运的”。本文介绍了Jordan Axani免费赠送环球旅行的机票的故事,所以能选上的人是幸运的人。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词,名词,形容词,固定短语等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析推理,从而选出正确答案。
四、阅读理解
13.阅读理解
Have you ever noticed how
Americans fill up their entire glass with ice and then pour their beverage (饮品) in, but Europeans take their drinks at room temperature In the U. S., we've created fridges that give
you cold ice at the press of a button, but in Britain they typically serve their
tap water warm.
This tradition—if that's
what you want to call it—dates back to the 19th century. During that time, it was
already commonplace for most American homes to have an ice box. Ice would be harvested
in northern America or Canada and shipped across the Atlantic and sold at a high
price in British department stores. Can you imagine heading to Macy's to treat yourself
to a block of ice
Putting ice in your drink
started to become somewhat of a fashion trend for the wealthy in Britain. Some would
put a few cubes in their champagne and sip on their chilled drinks at high-class
parties. But, like with any fashion trend, it eventually faded, mainly because the
ice was just too expensive. And even once ice boxes began appearing in homes in
Britain as well, Brits never took a liking to ice in their drinks.
So, next time you travel
overseas, don't feel offended (被冒犯) when your
server gives you an eye roll when you ask for ice water.
(1)Who has written the text
A.A European B.An American C.A Canadian D.An Asian
(2)Why do Europeans take their drinks at room temperature
A.Because they have no fridges. B.Because they have warm taps.
C.Because they are accustomed to it. D.Because they can't afford ice.
(3)What can we infer about Europeans
A.They have ice boxes later than Americans.
B.They don't know where to get ice blocks.
C.Wealthy people like to have ice in their drinks.
D.Wealthy people always follow what Americans do.
(4)What does the text mainly talk about
A.Why Americans like icy drinks while Europeans don't.
B.When people overseas have icy drinks with their meals.
C.Where people can entertain themselves with icy drinks.
D.How Europeans and Americans make different beverage.
【答案】(1)B
(2)C
(3)A
(4)A
【知识点】主旨大意题;推理判断题;社会文化类;说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文, 通过介绍欧洲和美国地区冰箱和用冰块的历史, 解释了为什么现在美国人普遍喜欢饮用冰镇饮料, 而欧洲人通常饮用常温饮料。
(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“In the U. S. , we've created fridges that give you cold ice at the press of a button, but in Britain they typically serve their tap water warm. ”在美国, 我们已经发明了可以一键制冰的冰箱, 但在英国, 他们通常提供温暖的自来水。可知, 作者说美国时用了we, 说英国时用了they。由此推测作者应该是个美国人, 故选B。
(2)考查推理判断。根据第二、三段可知, 19世纪时期大部分美国家庭已经拥有了早期的冰箱, 北美地区的制冰业发展已相当成熟, 并且把冰运往英国高价售卖。那时候的英国富人流行在饮料里加冰, 但这种做法最终过时了, 主要是由于冰太贵。即便后来英国家庭也都开始拥有了冰箱, 英国人也没有再喜欢往饮料里加冰块。故欧洲人之所以喝常温饮料不是因为他们没有冰箱, 不是因为他们有温热的自来水, 也不是因为他们买不起冰, 而是由于19世纪的经历, 后来他们习惯了不加冰的饮料, 即便有冰箱也没再喜欢往饮料里加冰块, 故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。根据第二、三段可知, 19世纪时期, 大部分美国家庭已经拥有了早期的冰箱, 并且高价在英国售卖冰块, 后来英国家庭才开始拥有冰箱, 因此他们比美国人晚拥有冰箱, 故选A。
(4)考查主旨大意。第一段中的“Have you ever noticed how Americans fill up their entire glass with ice and then pour their beverage (饮品) in, but Europeans take their drinks at room temperature ”你有没有注意到美国人在整个玻璃杯里装满冰块, 然后倒入饮料; 但欧洲人喝常温饮料,点出本文主题, 指出美国人喜欢冰镇饮料, 而欧洲人不喜欢, 接下来的二、三段里, 讲述了这一不同传统的由来, 故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
五、选词填空(词汇运用)
14.选词并用其适当的形式填空
be known as take up appear to be be generous to come up with cheer up kind of come across in spite of play a role in
(1)When you     something important,
please write it down at once.
(2)He did not particularly want to    a competitive sport.
(3)In the lunar calendar, the year 2020     the year of the
mouse.
(4)The    way he explains the question makes sense, but I still don't really understand.
(5)I hope you can     help those in need, and you have got help
from others.
(6)Have you ever noticed how easy it is to     a reason to do
nothing
(7)Train community workers so that they can     preventive
health care services.
(8)Something may     free of charge, but there may be a hidden
cost.
(9)I hope that you     ! After all, things are not so bad as
they seem.
(10)He never gave himself up to pessimism     difficulties.
【答案】(1)come across
(2)take up
(3)is known as
(4)kind of
(5)be generous to
(6)come up with
(7)play a role in
(8)appear to be
(9)cheer up
(10)in spite of
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】(1)考查动词短语。句意:当你遇到重要的事情时,请马上写下来。come across固定短语,“(偶然)遇见”,这是一个时间状语从句,谓语动词用一般现在时,故填come across。
(2)考查动词短语。句意:他并不特别想从事一项竞技运动。take up固定短语,“从事”,want to do固定短语,“想要做......”,故填take up。
(3)考查动词短语。句意:阴历2020年被认为是鼠年。be known as固定短语,“……被人所知,作为......出名”,the year作主语,谓语动词用单数,故填is known as。
(4)考查固定短语。句意: 他解释这个问题的方式很有道理,但我还是不太明白。the kind of way“某种方式”,故填 kind of 。
(5)考查动词短语。句意:我希望你能慷慨地帮助那些需要帮助的人,你也得到了其他人的帮助。be generous to固定短语,“对.....慷慨”,情态动词后接动词原形,故填be generous to。
(6)考查动词短语。句意:你有没有注意到,想出一个什么都不做的理由是多么容易?此句it作形式主语,不定式作真正的主语, come up with固定短语,“提出”,故填 come up with。
(7)考查动词短语。句意:培训社区工作者,使他们能够在预防保健服务中发挥作用。play a role in固定短语,“在.....起作用”,情态动词后接动词原形,故填play a role in。
(8)考查动词短语。句意:有些东西可能看起来是免费的,但可能有隐藏的成本。appear to be固定短语,“看起来是”,情态动词后接动词原形,故填appear to be。
(9)考查动词短语。句意:我希望你能振作起来! 毕竟,事情没有看起来那么糟糕。cheer up固定短语,“振作起来”,根据I hope的时态,可知用一般现在时,故填cheer up。
(10)考查介词短语。句意:尽管困难重重,他从不向悲观主义低头。in spite of固定短语,“尽管”,此处介词短语作状语,故填in spite of。
【点评】考查选词填空,要求考生在理解句义的基础上,根据方框内所给的词汇,结合相关的语法知识,做出正确答案。
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外研版(2019)高中英语必修三Unit 2 同步练习
一、单词拼写(词汇运用)
1.The    (缺乏) of     (药物) is the     (主要的) cause of his death.
2.He made great    (贡献) to     (治疗) of     (癌症) .
3.The old man     (捐献) all the money that he     (挣) to the charity.
4.Helping the people of Wuhan city
stop "COVID-19" is a     (使命)for the people across China.
5.There is no doubt that road traffic
injuries are a leading cause of death and     (残疾).
6.The company hired
several    (临时的) worker to do thorough cleanup.
7.He has never stopped trying and
showed great     (毅力).
8.You can also o    (获得) knowledge through
practice.
9.Smoking is considered to be one of
the     (首要的) causes of lung cancer.
10.There were fewer     (临时的) engineers to plug
in that city because of low pay.
二、语法填空
11.语法填空
Trees are useful things to man in three important     (way) they give us wood and other useful things, they give us cool places,     they help to stop drought and flood.
Unluckily, in many parts of the world, man has not found that     third of these points is the most important. Man wants to make money from trees, so he has cut them down     large numbers, only to find that without them he has lost the best friends he had. And also, he is usually too careless     (plant) and look after new trees. So the forests     (slow) disappear.
This does not only mean that man will have fewer trees. The results are even     (bad) : for where there are trees, their roots break up soil allowing the rain to sink in and also bind (固定) the soil, thus preventing it from     (wash) away easily; but where there are no trees, the rain     (fall) on hard ground and flows away, causing floods and carrying away the rich top-soil. When all the top-soil is gone, nothing     (leave) but useless desert.
三、完形填空
12.阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A Toronto man is offering a free
round-the-world air ticket to the right woman. But (1) apply. You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher
and have a Canadian (2) .
Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then
girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted round-the-world air
tickets in May, but their (3) ended and he did not want her ticket to (4) . The ticket had a strict no-transfer(不可转让) (5) ,
but since passport information was not required when (6) ,
any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can (7) it.
"I just want to see the ticket go to
good use and for someone to (8) a
lot of joy," said Axani. He posted his (9) on a social networking website, and received
thousands of e-mails, including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with
the (10) passports. "More (11) ,
there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in (12) their name to Elizabeth Gallagher," Axani
said. "It was absolutely out of (13) ,
thousands of e-mails, people around the world (14) their stories of travel.”
Axani wrote
in his post that he is not (15) anything in return and that the woman who uses
the (16) ticket can choose to either travel with him or
(17) the ticket and travel on her
own.
The (18) is scheduled to start on December 21 in New
York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before
(19) in Toronto on January 8. He
said the (20) woman will be announced on the website and the
trip will be shared online.
(1)A.benefits B.deposits C.restrictions D.examinations
(2)A.origin B.passport C.accent D.friend
(3)A.holiday B.marriage C.dream D.relationship
(4)A.go to waste B.come to mind
C.go on sale D.come into effect
(5)A.policy B.order C.payment D.schedule
(6)A.applying B.booking C.checking D.bargaining
(7)A.use B.borrow C.choose D.buy
(8)A.sacrifice B.express C.experience D.provide
(9)A.answer B.advice C.offer D.comment
(10)A.same B.right C.new D.real
(11)A.interesting B.annoying C.satisfying D.convincing
(12)A.writing B.giving C.lending D.changing
(13)A.touch B.question C.date D.control
(14)A.admiring B.advertising C.sharing D.doubting
(15)A.leaving B.looking for
C.losing D.dealing with
(16)A.single B.strange C.regular D.extra
(17)A.return B.take C.reserve D.hide
(18)A.interview B.program C.trip D.meeting
(19)A.ending B.calling C.repeating D.staying
(20)A.honored B.lovely C.intelligent D.lucky
四、阅读理解
13.阅读理解
Have you ever noticed how
Americans fill up their entire glass with ice and then pour their beverage (饮品) in, but Europeans take their drinks at room temperature In the U. S., we've created fridges that give
you cold ice at the press of a button, but in Britain they typically serve their
tap water warm.
This tradition—if that's
what you want to call it—dates back to the 19th century. During that time, it was
already commonplace for most American homes to have an ice box. Ice would be harvested
in northern America or Canada and shipped across the Atlantic and sold at a high
price in British department stores. Can you imagine heading to Macy's to treat yourself
to a block of ice
Putting ice in your drink
started to become somewhat of a fashion trend for the wealthy in Britain. Some would
put a few cubes in their champagne and sip on their chilled drinks at high-class
parties. But, like with any fashion trend, it eventually faded, mainly because the
ice was just too expensive. And even once ice boxes began appearing in homes in
Britain as well, Brits never took a liking to ice in their drinks.
So, next time you travel
overseas, don't feel offended (被冒犯) when your
server gives you an eye roll when you ask for ice water.
(1)Who has written the text
A.A European B.An American C.A Canadian D.An Asian
(2)Why do Europeans take their drinks at room temperature
A.Because they have no fridges. B.Because they have warm taps.
C.Because they are accustomed to it. D.Because they can't afford ice.
(3)What can we infer about Europeans
A.They have ice boxes later than Americans.
B.They don't know where to get ice blocks.
C.Wealthy people like to have ice in their drinks.
D.Wealthy people always follow what Americans do.
(4)What does the text mainly talk about
A.Why Americans like icy drinks while Europeans don't.
B.When people overseas have icy drinks with their meals.
C.Where people can entertain themselves with icy drinks.
D.How Europeans and Americans make different beverage.
五、选词填空(词汇运用)
14.选词并用其适当的形式填空
be known as take up appear to be be generous to come up with cheer up kind of come across in spite of play a role in
(1)When you     something important,
please write it down at once.
(2)He did not particularly want to    a competitive sport.
(3)In the lunar calendar, the year 2020     the year of the
mouse.
(4)The    way he explains the question makes sense, but I still don't really understand.
(5)I hope you can     help those in need, and you have got help
from others.
(6)Have you ever noticed how easy it is to     a reason to do
nothing
(7)Train community workers so that they can     preventive
health care services.
(8)Something may     free of charge, but there may be a hidden
cost.
(9)I hope that you     ! After all, things are not so bad as
they seem.
(10)He never gave himself up to pessimism     difficulties.
答案解析部分
1.【答案】shortage;drugs;major
【知识点】名词;形容词
【解析】【分析】句意:药品短缺是他死亡的主要原因。 第一空是名词作主语,根据谓语动词is,故填shortage;第二空是名词作介词宾语,drug是可数名词,故填drugs;第三空是形容词修饰名词作定语,故填major。因此答案为:1、shortage;2、drugs;3、major。
【点评】考查名词和形容词,本题涉及名词作主语和宾语,以及形容词作定语。
2.【答案】contributions;treatment;cancer
【知识点】固定短语;名词
【解析】【分析】句意:他对癌症的治疗作出了巨大的贡献。 make great contributions to,固定短语,“对......做出巨大贡献”,the treatment of cancer固定短语,“对癌症的治疗”,因此答案为: 1、contributions;2、treatment;3、cancer。
【点评】考查名词,以及固定短语make great contributions to和the treatment of cancer。
3.【答案】donated;earned
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意:那位老人把他挣来的钱都捐给了慈善机构。 根据句意谓语动词用一般现在时,因此答案为:1、donated;2、earned。
【点评】考查时态,本题涉及一般过去时。
4.【答案】mission
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意:帮助武汉市人民阻止“19covid”是全中国人民的使命。不定冠词后接单数名词,故填mission。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作表语。
5.【答案】disability
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意:毫无疑问,道路交通伤害是死亡和残疾的主要原因。此空与death并列,作介词宾语,故填disability。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
6.【答案】temporary
【知识点】形容词
【解析】【分析】句意: 公司雇了几个临时工来做彻底清理。形容词修饰名词,作定语,故填temporary。
【点评】考查形容词,本题涉及形容词作定语。
7.【答案】perseverance
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意:他从未停止过尝试,并表现出了极大的毅力。形容词修饰名词,故填perseverance。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作宾语。
8.【答案】obtain
【知识点】动词
【解析】【分析】句意:你也可以通过实践获得知识。情态动词后接动词原形,故填obtain。
【点评】考查动词,掌握obtain的应用。
9.【答案】chief
【知识点】形容词
【解析】【分析】句意:吸烟被认为是肺癌的主要原因之一。形容词修饰名词,作主语,故填chief。
【点评】考查形容词,本题涉及形容词作定语。
10.【答案】temporary
【知识点】形容词
【解析】【分析】句意: 由于报酬低,该城市雇用得到的临时工程师就更少了。形容词修饰名词,作定语,故填temporary。
【点评】考查形容词,本题涉及形容词作定语。
11.【答案】ways;and;the;in;to plant;slowly;worse;being washed;falls;is left
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了树对人类的作用非常大, 可以给人类提供木材、提供阴凉、还可以帮助阻止干旱和洪水。但实际情况是很多人砍掉了很多树木, 破坏了植被, 引起了生态危机。
(1)考查名词。句意: 树对人类有三个重要的用处。根据空前three可知, 本空应用名词复数形式,故填ways。
(2)考查连词。句意: 它们给予我们木材和其他有用的东西, 它们给予我们凉爽的地方, 并且它们帮助我们阻止干旱和洪水。本空前后句为并列关系, 故填and。
(3)考查冠词。句意: 不幸的是, 在世界上许多地方, 人类还没有发现第三点是最重要的。序数词third前应用定冠词,故填the。
(4)考查介词。句意: 人类想从树木中赚钱, 所以他大量地砍伐树木, 结果发现没有了它们, 人类失去了最好的朋友。in large numbers固定短语,“大量地”, 故填in。
(5)考查非谓语动词。句意: 而且, 他通常太粗心大意, 不能种植和照料新树。本句为too. . . to. . . 句型, 意为“太……而不能”, 故应用不定式,填to plant。
(6)考查副词。句意: 所以森林慢慢地消失了。本空修饰动词disappear, 故应用副词,填slowly。
(7)考查形容词。句意: 结果甚至更糟。根据句意及空前even可知, 本空应用形容词的比较级形式,故填worse。
(8)考查非谓语动词。句意: 树木的根部使土壤裂开, 雨水渗入, 也固定了土壤, 从而阻止土壤轻易地被冲走。prevent. . . from doing sth. 固定短语,“阻止做某事”, 本空意为“阻止土壤被冲走”, 故本空应用动名词的被动形式,填being washed。
(9)考查时态。句意: 没有树的地方, 雨水落在坚硬的地面上, 然后流走, 造成洪水, 带走肥沃的表层土壤。根据空前are及空后flows可知, 本空应用一般现在时,故填falls。
(10)考查时态语态。句意: 当所有的表层土壤都消失时, 除了无用的沙漠什么都没留下。本句表述的是客观事实, 应用一般现在时, 且主语nothing和动词leave (留下) 之间为被动关系, 故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态,填is left。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词,连词,冠词,介词,非谓语动词,副词,形容词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科普类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
12.【答案】(1)C;(2)B;(3)D;(4)A;(5)A;(6)B;(7)A;(8)C;(9)C;(10)B;(11)A;(12)D;(13)D;(14)C;(15)B;(16)D;(17)B;(18)C;(19)A;(20)D
【知识点】故事阅读类;记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,一个加拿大青年在和女朋友分手后,希望免费赠送自己为女朋友购买的环球航空旅行机票的故事,体现了年轻人无私的精神。
(1)考查名词。A. benefits“利益”;B. deposits“押金”;C. restrictions“限制”;D. examinations“考试”。根据下文“You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian 2 ”可知申请免费环球旅行是有条件限制的,需要是名叫Elizabeth Gallagher、有加拿大护照的女子。故选C。
(2)考查名词。A. origin “来源”;B. passport“护照”;C. accent“口音”;D. friend“朋友”。根据下文的“including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the 10 passports”可知,申请人需要有加拿大的护照。故选B。
(3)考查名词。A. holiday“ 假期”;B. marriage “婚姻”;C. dream“梦想”;D. relationship“关系”。根据下文Jordan Axani转让机票可知他和女朋友关系结束了。故选D。
(4)考查动词短语。A. go to waste“浪费”;B. come to mind“想到”;C. go on sale“ 出售”;D. come into effect “开始生效”。根据下文“I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to 8 a lot of joy”可知他之所以想把票赠送给同名的人,是不想浪费掉机票。故选A。
(5)考查名词。A. policy“政策”;B. order“ 命令”;C. payment “付款”;D. schedule“ 计划,时间表”。机票是实名制,而且不可以转让,根据常识和语境可知这是一种政策。故选A。
(6)考查动词。A. applying“申请”;B. booking“预订”;C. checking“核实”;D. bargaining“讨价还价”。虽然机票不可转让,但是在预订的时候不需要护照的具体信息,因此在预订后这张机票可以给姓名相同的人使用。故选B。
(7)考查动词。A. use“使用”;B. borrow“借用”;C. choose“选择”;D. buy“ 购买”。根据上文可知,因为护照信息没有登记,所以任何一个名叫Elizabeth Gallagher,而且拥有加拿大护照的人都可以用这张机票。故选A。
(8)考查动词。A. sacrifice“牺牲”;B. express“表达”;C. experience“经历”;D. provide“提供”。人们如果能免费去环球旅行,当然会享受到很多的乐趣。故选C。
(9)考查名词。A. answer “答案”;B. advice“建议”;C. offer“提议”;D. comment“评论”。根据上文可知Jordan Axani在社交网站上贴出的是自己的提议,即免费赠送机票。故选C。
(10)考查形容词。A. same“同样的”;B. right“正确的”;C. new“新的”;D. real“真的”。根据上文的“actual Elizabeth Gallaghers ”以及文章首段对申请这张免费机票的要求可知,这里是指申请者中包括30位同名且拥有正确护照的人。故选B。
(11)考查形容词。A. interesting“有趣的”;B. annoying“令人恼火的”;C. satisfying“令人满意的”;D. convincing“令人信服的”。根据空后内容可知有数百人想改名字,这当然是一件很有趣的事情。故选A。
(12)考查动词。A. writing “写”;B. giving“给”;C. lending“借出”;D. changing“改变”。根据上文可知申请的要求是需要和Jordan Axani前女友同名,所以有人甚至想改名字。故选D。
(13)考查名词。A. touch“触动”;B. question“问题”;C. date“日期”;D. control“控制”。根据下文可知,世界上的很多人都知道这件事,如果允许人们改名字的话,那么事情就会无法控制。故选D。
(14)考查动词。A. admiring“羡慕”;B. advertising “做广告”;C. sharing“分享”;D. doubting“怀疑”。根据上文可知Jordan Axani收到了数千封邮件,很多人都分享他们的旅行故事。故选C。
(15)考查动词。A. leaving“ 离开”;B. looking for “寻找”;C. losing“失去”;D. dealing with “对付”。根据上文“A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air ticket to the right woman.”可知Jordan Axani是免费送给别人他多余的票,而不求回报。故选B。
(16)考查形容词。A. single“ 单一的”;B. strange“奇怪的”;C. regular“定期的”;D. extra“额外的”。根据上文可知Jordan Axani在和女朋友分手后,女朋友的机票就是多余出来的了。故选D。
(17)考查动词。A. return “返回,归还”;B. take“拿走”;C. reserve“保留”;D. hide“隐藏”。根据下文“and travel on her own”可知,申请到票的人可以和他一起旅行,也可以拿着票自己去旅行。故选B。
(18)考查名词。A. interview“采访”;B. program“项目”;C. trip“旅行”;D. meeting“会面”。根据上文“their stories of travel”可知,Jordan Axani是在赠送环球旅行的飞机票。故选C。
(19)考查动词。A. ending“结束”;B. calling “打电话”;C. repeating“ 重复”;D. staying“停留”。根据句意可知旅行是December 21从纽约出发,途经米兰、布拉格等多个城市,最后到达多伦多,结束旅行。故选A。
(20)考查形容词。A. honored “感到光荣的”;B. lovely“可爱的”;C. intelligent“聪明的”;D. lucky“幸运的”。本文介绍了Jordan Axani免费赠送环球旅行的机票的故事,所以能选上的人是幸运的人。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词,名词,形容词,固定短语等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析推理,从而选出正确答案。
13.【答案】(1)B
(2)C
(3)A
(4)A
【知识点】主旨大意题;推理判断题;社会文化类;说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文, 通过介绍欧洲和美国地区冰箱和用冰块的历史, 解释了为什么现在美国人普遍喜欢饮用冰镇饮料, 而欧洲人通常饮用常温饮料。
(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“In the U. S. , we've created fridges that give you cold ice at the press of a button, but in Britain they typically serve their tap water warm. ”在美国, 我们已经发明了可以一键制冰的冰箱, 但在英国, 他们通常提供温暖的自来水。可知, 作者说美国时用了we, 说英国时用了they。由此推测作者应该是个美国人, 故选B。
(2)考查推理判断。根据第二、三段可知, 19世纪时期大部分美国家庭已经拥有了早期的冰箱, 北美地区的制冰业发展已相当成熟, 并且把冰运往英国高价售卖。那时候的英国富人流行在饮料里加冰, 但这种做法最终过时了, 主要是由于冰太贵。即便后来英国家庭也都开始拥有了冰箱, 英国人也没有再喜欢往饮料里加冰块。故欧洲人之所以喝常温饮料不是因为他们没有冰箱, 不是因为他们有温热的自来水, 也不是因为他们买不起冰, 而是由于19世纪的经历, 后来他们习惯了不加冰的饮料, 即便有冰箱也没再喜欢往饮料里加冰块, 故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。根据第二、三段可知, 19世纪时期, 大部分美国家庭已经拥有了早期的冰箱, 并且高价在英国售卖冰块, 后来英国家庭才开始拥有冰箱, 因此他们比美国人晚拥有冰箱, 故选A。
(4)考查主旨大意。第一段中的“Have you ever noticed how Americans fill up their entire glass with ice and then pour their beverage (饮品) in, but Europeans take their drinks at room temperature ”你有没有注意到美国人在整个玻璃杯里装满冰块, 然后倒入饮料; 但欧洲人喝常温饮料,点出本文主题, 指出美国人喜欢冰镇饮料, 而欧洲人不喜欢, 接下来的二、三段里, 讲述了这一不同传统的由来, 故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
14.【答案】(1)come across
(2)take up
(3)is known as
(4)kind of
(5)be generous to
(6)come up with
(7)play a role in
(8)appear to be
(9)cheer up
(10)in spite of
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】(1)考查动词短语。句意:当你遇到重要的事情时,请马上写下来。come across固定短语,“(偶然)遇见”,这是一个时间状语从句,谓语动词用一般现在时,故填come across。
(2)考查动词短语。句意:他并不特别想从事一项竞技运动。take up固定短语,“从事”,want to do固定短语,“想要做......”,故填take up。
(3)考查动词短语。句意:阴历2020年被认为是鼠年。be known as固定短语,“……被人所知,作为......出名”,the year作主语,谓语动词用单数,故填is known as。
(4)考查固定短语。句意: 他解释这个问题的方式很有道理,但我还是不太明白。the kind of way“某种方式”,故填 kind of 。
(5)考查动词短语。句意:我希望你能慷慨地帮助那些需要帮助的人,你也得到了其他人的帮助。be generous to固定短语,“对.....慷慨”,情态动词后接动词原形,故填be generous to。
(6)考查动词短语。句意:你有没有注意到,想出一个什么都不做的理由是多么容易?此句it作形式主语,不定式作真正的主语, come up with固定短语,“提出”,故填 come up with。
(7)考查动词短语。句意:培训社区工作者,使他们能够在预防保健服务中发挥作用。play a role in固定短语,“在.....起作用”,情态动词后接动词原形,故填play a role in。
(8)考查动词短语。句意:有些东西可能看起来是免费的,但可能有隐藏的成本。appear to be固定短语,“看起来是”,情态动词后接动词原形,故填appear to be。
(9)考查动词短语。句意:我希望你能振作起来! 毕竟,事情没有看起来那么糟糕。cheer up固定短语,“振作起来”,根据I hope的时态,可知用一般现在时,故填cheer up。
(10)考查介词短语。句意:尽管困难重重,他从不向悲观主义低头。in spite of固定短语,“尽管”,此处介词短语作状语,故填in spite of。
【点评】考查选词填空,要求考生在理解句义的基础上,根据方框内所给的词汇,结合相关的语法知识,做出正确答案。
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