初升高衔接班 非谓语
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文档简介
言简意赅的非谓语动词
学习目标
复习初中所学非谓语
掌握非谓语动词的做用和形式。
初中要求 初中学到的非谓语动词，通常充当的是宾语或者宾语补足语。 因此更多的是记忆一些固定搭配。
高中要求 掌握非谓语动词的做用：宾语时用不定式还是动名词; 做宾语、状语、补语时用不定式还是分词; 它们做某一成分时的特殊情况及特殊结构。 掌握非谓语动词的做用：主要考查用一般式还是用完成式、主动式还是被动式、现在分词还是过去分词。
【高中非谓语动词考点聚焦】
概述
定义 =非限定动词，即:不在句中单独做谓语的动词形式
分类 不定式to do →动名词v-ing→分词doing done
句法功能 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语
不定式
动名词
分词
二、学习内容
（一）动名词： 基本形式： doing
时态和语态变化 主动 被动
一般式 doing _______
完成式 _______ _______
【注意】 完成式 发生于谓语动词____，强调____
动名词基本用法 做主语、宾语、表语和定语
例句 1）Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 南方与北方开战了。_______ 2）Her job is washing，cleaning and taking care of the children. _______ 3）I enjoy playing basketball. _______ 4）a swimming pool/ a walking stick _______
接-ing 的 词
常 用 -ing 的 短 语 be good at/ do well in doing sth. 擅长做... keep/ stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止…做... What about/ how about doing sth. ……怎么样(好吗) Thank you for doing sth. 为……感谢某人 spend … (in) doing sth. 花时间做某时 make a contribution to doing sth. 在……做贡献 prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢……胜过…… look forward to doing 期望做... pay attention to doing sth. 注意做... be addicted to doing 沉溺于做... get down to doing sth 开始做... be/get used to doing 习惯于做... object to doing 反对 be used/accustomed to 习惯于… lead to doing 导致 devote to doing 将…奉献给；把…专用于 it is no good/use/useless/fun/a waste of sth + doing can’t help doing 情不自禁做... feel like doing sth 想要做... insist on doing sth 坚持做... can’t stand doing 不能忍受做... set about 开始，着手 have fun (in) doing sth = have a good/wonderful time (in) doing sth have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 做...有困难
（二）分词：现在分词（doing）和过去分词（done）
doing 表示动做与谓语______________ 或与逻辑主语是构成______关系 done 表示动做与谓语_________ 或与逻辑主语是构成____关系
分词基本用法 做主语、宾语、表语和定语
例句 This was once a hiding place for people there at war. 这里在战时曾是那里的人们的一个藏身之所。(hiding做定语，表示用途) Cars made in this factory are now at least as good as those made abroad. 这个工厂制造的汽车现在至少和国外制造的汽车一样好了。(made表示动做的被动性) The disappointing boy disappointed his father for his failure again in the exam. I can't make myself understood. 我无法让别人理解我。(被他人理解， 宾补） Seen from the hill, our town looks beautiful. ( 过去分词表被动，做状语 I found the girl playing the piano when I came in.
【注意】 done作形容词表状态 动词= be + 形容词 + 介词 Eg: 面临_____________ 迷失_____________ 穿着_____________
（三）不定式： to do
时态和语态变化 主动 被动
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing /
完成式 to have done to have been done
不定式基本用法 做_____________________
例句 The driver failed to see the other car in time. _______ 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 _______ He invited his friends to go to the movies. _______ It's easy (for me) to do that. _______ My work is to clean the room every day. _______ I have a lot of work to do. _______ He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. _______ I'm glad to see you. _____
不定式做宾语的动词 agree (同意)； afford， offer (提出)； intend， plan (打算，计划)； demand， ask (要求)； promise (答应)； help (帮忙)； prepare (准备)； decide (决定)； refuse (拒绝)；dare (敢于)； choose (选择)； wish，hope，want， expect (希望，想要)； fail ；（不能；忘记）； pretend (假装)； manage (设法)； determine （决心）。
常使用动词不定式的短语 1. 该做...的时候了. 2. 迫不及待要做... 3. 要求/告诉/允许/想某人(不)做... 4. 尽某人最大的努力做… 5. 应该做... 6. 想要做... 7. 轮到某人做… 8. 发觉做...…… 9. 宁愿做...,而不愿做... 10. 做...对某人说…… 11. 最好做... 12. 某人做...用了一些时间
省to 的动词不定式
【口诀】 一感二听三让四看半帮助
【注意】 感官动词后也可接动名词→变被动语态时要把to 还原
省略 to的固定短语 1. 最好(不)做... 2. 为什么不做... 3. 请你(不)做...好吗 4. 宁愿做…而不愿做 5. 不得不做... 6. 只能做... 7. 只好做...
动词 + to do sth/doing sth. 意思不同 ①forget doing sth. 忘记已经做过... ②remember doing sth. 记得做过... to do sth. 忘记去做... to do sth. 记住去做... ③regret doing sth. 遗憾做过... ④stop doing sth. 停止做... to do sth. 遗憾地要做... to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 ⑤try doing sth. 试着做... ⑥mean doing sth. 意味着做... to do sth. 努力做... to do sth. 打算做... ⑦go on doing sth. 继续不停地做...（指同一动做 的继续） to do sth. 完成一件事后接着做另一件事 ⑧can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁地做...⑨be used to doing sth. 习惯于做... to do sth. 不能帮助做... do sth. 被用来做...
三、总结
非谓语 时态 主动 被动 意义
现在分词 一般式 doing being done 与谓语动词的动作_____发生 或基本上_____发生
完成式 having done having been done 在谓语动词的动作_____
过去分词 done done 与主语为逻辑上的_____关系 或表_____
不 定 式 一般式 to do to be done 与谓语动词的动作_____发生 或_____发生
进行式 to be doing 与谓语动词的动作_____发生
完成式 to have done to have been done 在谓语动词的动作_____
考点必杀技：“肥猪被食”
找主语判断谓语还是非谓语→判断逻辑主语和动词的关系是主动还是被动→
谓语和非谓语发生的时间顺序
五、课堂练习
(一)语法填空
1. (2014 福建) ______________ (spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
2. ______________ (frighten) by the news, he felt dizzy.
3. ____________________ (tend) for half a year, my granny became far better.
4. ________ (lead) by the local guide, they had no difficulty reaching the destination.
5. I planned ______________ (study) hard, but I didn't.
6. (2015 天津) ______________ (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
7. Clearly and thoughtfully (write)，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
8. Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring _____ (cook) a meal.
9.People probably cooked their food in large pots, ____________ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it.
10. A sudden stop can be a very ____________ (frighten) experience, especially if you are travelling at high speed.
(二)单句改错
Attracting by the beautiful sight, I decided to go out to take some photos.
There was an old man sitting quietly on a bench nearby, read a newspaper.
Upon your arrival, there will be a party for you organizing by my classmates.
I get annoying when people are late for meetings or talk loudly on their phones.
43.3% of them have trouble communicate with their parents.
六、课后练习
(一) 改错
Dear Jack,
I'm glad to learning that you are interesting in the students' reading in your school. We have a grand library on a collection of 200,000 books and 5 large reading rooms, in which we have easy access to the network. Anyone fond of read is free to go there whenever they are available.
A monthly activity is holding for students exchange their ideas about reading. Every autumn we have a reading festival where drama performances are shown and distinguishing writers are invited.
In the library, books on history are my favorites, from which I get a better understand of human civilization and progress both in China and abroad.
Best wishes !
Yours,
Li Hua
(二) 语法填空2020年 二卷
1. ___________（decorate） with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year.
Chinese New Year is a celebration 2.__________ (mark) the end of the winter season and the 3.___________ (begin) of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance. They represent the earth coming back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more than decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 4.___________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. Certainly during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 5.__________ (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The beautiful long branches 6.___________ (cover) with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are the first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
★本篇词汇积累
单词/词组 词性及词义 单词/词组 词性及词义
学习目标
复习初中所学非谓语
掌握非谓语动词的做用和形式。
初中要求 初中学到的非谓语动词，通常充当的是宾语或者宾语补足语。 因此更多的是记忆一些固定搭配。
高中要求 掌握非谓语动词的做用：宾语时用不定式还是动名词; 做宾语、状语、补语时用不定式还是分词; 它们做某一成分时的特殊情况及特殊结构。 掌握非谓语动词的做用：主要考查用一般式还是用完成式、主动式还是被动式、现在分词还是过去分词。
【高中非谓语动词考点聚焦】
概述
定义 =非限定动词，即:不在句中单独做谓语的动词形式
分类 不定式to do →动名词v-ing→分词doing done
句法功能 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语
不定式
动名词
分词
二、学习内容
（一）动名词： 基本形式： doing
时态和语态变化 主动 被动
一般式 doing _______
完成式 _______ _______
【注意】 完成式 发生于谓语动词____，强调____
动名词基本用法 做主语、宾语、表语和定语
例句 1）Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 南方与北方开战了。_______ 2）Her job is washing，cleaning and taking care of the children. _______ 3）I enjoy playing basketball. _______ 4）a swimming pool/ a walking stick _______
接-ing 的 词
常 用 -ing 的 短 语 be good at/ do well in doing sth. 擅长做... keep/ stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止…做... What about/ how about doing sth. ……怎么样(好吗) Thank you for doing sth. 为……感谢某人 spend … (in) doing sth. 花时间做某时 make a contribution to doing sth. 在……做贡献 prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢……胜过…… look forward to doing 期望做... pay attention to doing sth. 注意做... be addicted to doing 沉溺于做... get down to doing sth 开始做... be/get used to doing 习惯于做... object to doing 反对 be used/accustomed to 习惯于… lead to doing 导致 devote to doing 将…奉献给；把…专用于 it is no good/use/useless/fun/a waste of sth + doing can’t help doing 情不自禁做... feel like doing sth 想要做... insist on doing sth 坚持做... can’t stand doing 不能忍受做... set about 开始，着手 have fun (in) doing sth = have a good/wonderful time (in) doing sth have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 做...有困难
（二）分词：现在分词（doing）和过去分词（done）
doing 表示动做与谓语______________ 或与逻辑主语是构成______关系 done 表示动做与谓语_________ 或与逻辑主语是构成____关系
分词基本用法 做主语、宾语、表语和定语
例句 This was once a hiding place for people there at war. 这里在战时曾是那里的人们的一个藏身之所。(hiding做定语，表示用途) Cars made in this factory are now at least as good as those made abroad. 这个工厂制造的汽车现在至少和国外制造的汽车一样好了。(made表示动做的被动性) The disappointing boy disappointed his father for his failure again in the exam. I can't make myself understood. 我无法让别人理解我。(被他人理解， 宾补） Seen from the hill, our town looks beautiful. ( 过去分词表被动，做状语 I found the girl playing the piano when I came in.
【注意】 done作形容词表状态 动词= be + 形容词 + 介词 Eg: 面临_____________ 迷失_____________ 穿着_____________
（三）不定式： to do
时态和语态变化 主动 被动
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing /
完成式 to have done to have been done
不定式基本用法 做_____________________
例句 The driver failed to see the other car in time. _______ 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 _______ He invited his friends to go to the movies. _______ It's easy (for me) to do that. _______ My work is to clean the room every day. _______ I have a lot of work to do. _______ He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. _______ I'm glad to see you. _____
不定式做宾语的动词 agree (同意)； afford， offer (提出)； intend， plan (打算，计划)； demand， ask (要求)； promise (答应)； help (帮忙)； prepare (准备)； decide (决定)； refuse (拒绝)；dare (敢于)； choose (选择)； wish，hope，want， expect (希望，想要)； fail ；（不能；忘记）； pretend (假装)； manage (设法)； determine （决心）。
常使用动词不定式的短语 1. 该做...的时候了. 2. 迫不及待要做... 3. 要求/告诉/允许/想某人(不)做... 4. 尽某人最大的努力做… 5. 应该做... 6. 想要做... 7. 轮到某人做… 8. 发觉做...…… 9. 宁愿做...,而不愿做... 10. 做...对某人说…… 11. 最好做... 12. 某人做...用了一些时间
省to 的动词不定式
【口诀】 一感二听三让四看半帮助
【注意】 感官动词后也可接动名词→变被动语态时要把to 还原
省略 to的固定短语 1. 最好(不)做... 2. 为什么不做... 3. 请你(不)做...好吗 4. 宁愿做…而不愿做 5. 不得不做... 6. 只能做... 7. 只好做...
动词 + to do sth/doing sth. 意思不同 ①forget doing sth. 忘记已经做过... ②remember doing sth. 记得做过... to do sth. 忘记去做... to do sth. 记住去做... ③regret doing sth. 遗憾做过... ④stop doing sth. 停止做... to do sth. 遗憾地要做... to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 ⑤try doing sth. 试着做... ⑥mean doing sth. 意味着做... to do sth. 努力做... to do sth. 打算做... ⑦go on doing sth. 继续不停地做...（指同一动做 的继续） to do sth. 完成一件事后接着做另一件事 ⑧can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁地做...⑨be used to doing sth. 习惯于做... to do sth. 不能帮助做... do sth. 被用来做...
三、总结
非谓语 时态 主动 被动 意义
现在分词 一般式 doing being done 与谓语动词的动作_____发生 或基本上_____发生
完成式 having done having been done 在谓语动词的动作_____
过去分词 done done 与主语为逻辑上的_____关系 或表_____
不 定 式 一般式 to do to be done 与谓语动词的动作_____发生 或_____发生
进行式 to be doing 与谓语动词的动作_____发生
完成式 to have done to have been done 在谓语动词的动作_____
考点必杀技：“肥猪被食”
找主语判断谓语还是非谓语→判断逻辑主语和动词的关系是主动还是被动→
谓语和非谓语发生的时间顺序
五、课堂练习
(一)语法填空
1. (2014 福建) ______________ (spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
2. ______________ (frighten) by the news, he felt dizzy.
3. ____________________ (tend) for half a year, my granny became far better.
4. ________ (lead) by the local guide, they had no difficulty reaching the destination.
5. I planned ______________ (study) hard, but I didn't.
6. (2015 天津) ______________ (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
7. Clearly and thoughtfully (write)，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
8. Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring _____ (cook) a meal.
9.People probably cooked their food in large pots, ____________ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it.
10. A sudden stop can be a very ____________ (frighten) experience, especially if you are travelling at high speed.
(二)单句改错
Attracting by the beautiful sight, I decided to go out to take some photos.
There was an old man sitting quietly on a bench nearby, read a newspaper.
Upon your arrival, there will be a party for you organizing by my classmates.
I get annoying when people are late for meetings or talk loudly on their phones.
43.3% of them have trouble communicate with their parents.
六、课后练习
(一) 改错
Dear Jack,
I'm glad to learning that you are interesting in the students' reading in your school. We have a grand library on a collection of 200,000 books and 5 large reading rooms, in which we have easy access to the network. Anyone fond of read is free to go there whenever they are available.
A monthly activity is holding for students exchange their ideas about reading. Every autumn we have a reading festival where drama performances are shown and distinguishing writers are invited.
In the library, books on history are my favorites, from which I get a better understand of human civilization and progress both in China and abroad.
Best wishes !
Yours,
Li Hua
(二) 语法填空2020年 二卷
1. ___________（decorate） with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year.
Chinese New Year is a celebration 2.__________ (mark) the end of the winter season and the 3.___________ (begin) of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance. They represent the earth coming back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more than decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 4.___________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. Certainly during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 5.__________ (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The beautiful long branches 6.___________ (cover) with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are the first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
★本篇词汇积累
单词/词组 词性及词义 单词/词组 词性及词义
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