(共78张PPT)
Developing ideas—读写·体现学以致用
课时目标
1.理解课文内容， 复述富兰克林的风筝实验的过程，加深对本单元主题意义的理解，形成初歩的科学思想和科学探索精神。
2.联系自身的学习与生活，深入思考一些历史事件或者著名实验的真实性，培养严谨的科学态度和批判性的思维方式。
3.通过观察“会吃鸡蛋的瓶子”这一物理实验，认识到实验报告的关键要素和写作规范，并能用相应的要素和写作规范写出实验报告。
一、背阅读单词——会认就行
1．draft v． 起草，草拟
2．lightning n. 闪电
3．fiction n. 虚构的事，想象的事
4．metal n. 金属
5．flash n. 闪光
6．gravity n. 重力，引力
二、背重点单词——写对才行
1． n. (科学)实验
2． adv. 完全地，彻底地
3． n. 程序，步骤，手续
experiment
entirely
procedure
三、背拓展单词——活用才行
1． n．声明，宣告→declare v．宣布，声明
2． v．系，绑；贴→attachment n．附件；依恋
3． v．传导(热、电)→conduction n．传导→conductor n．导体，售票员
4． adj.科学(上)的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家
5． n．记述，描述→accountant n．会计(师)
6． n．证明，证据→prove v．证明
declaration
attach
conduct
scientific
account
proof
四、背短语、词块——多积更行
1． 除……之外，此外
2． 以……而出名
3． 而不是
4． 把……系/拴在……上
5． 把……固定/附在……上
6． ……的方法
apart from
be known as
instead of
tie ...to ...
attach ...to ...
approach to
7． 与……一起
8． 有助于，促进；推动
9． 既不……也不……
10． 死于
11． 提出
12． 即使
13． 得出结论
along with
contribute towards/to
neither ...nor ...
die from
come up with
even if
draw a conclusion
五、背重点句式——不背不行
1.
悟原句 He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it.(“with＋名词＋过去分词”复合结构)
他在风筝上系了一根细绳，把风筝放上天。
写佳句 , we had to put off the sports meet.
由于天气变化，我们不得不推迟运动会。
With the weather changed
2.
悟原句 More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth.(“more than one＋单数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数)数代学生都叹服于富兰克林的勇气与追寻真理时采用的科学手段。
写佳句 the Great Wall.
我们班不止一个学生曾经去过长城。
More than one student in our class has ever been to
3.
悟原句 However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true.(nether ...nor ...“既不……也不……”)
然而，不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。
写佳句
约翰和汤姆都不知道怎样拼写这个单词。
Neither John nor Tom knows how to spell the word.
第一遍 泛读通文意
FRANKLIN'S EXPERIMENT: How Much Is True
1 Benjamin Franklin's famous experiment with lightning has introduced generations of children to science. However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact.
2 The well-known story is that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite during a storm in 1752. At that time, there was much interest in electricity. People wanted to know if lightning was really produced by electricity or something else. Franklin was one of them. He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it. A metal key was attached to the string. A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted through the string to the key. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock. This, he said, proved that lightning was a form of electricity.
3 For many years, schools have taught the story of Franklin's lightning experiment. More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth. Franklin, along with many other scientists, has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions.
4 However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true. Although it has been proved that Franklin's experiment took place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened. The detail about the string and the key is true. But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock.
[参考译文]
富兰克林的实验：有多少是真的？
本杰明·富兰克林关于闪电的著名实验已引领一代又一代的儿童迈入科学世界。然而，新的研究显示，这个故事可能是虚构的，而并非事实。
[句式释解]
句 that引导的是宾语从句，作suggest的宾语。
这一广为人知的故事讲述了这位美国开国元勋和科学家在1752年的一场暴风雨中放风筝的经历。那时，不少人对电感兴趣。人们想知道闪电是否真的由电产生，还是另有源头。富兰克林就是其中之一。他在风筝上系了一根细绳，把风筝放上天，细绳上绑着一把金属钥匙。闪电击中风筝，电流通过绳子传到钥匙上，富兰克林随即用手指触碰钥匙，感受到了电击。他说，这一实验证明了闪电是电的一种形式。
[句式释解]
句 that引导的是表语从句，作is的表语。
句 if引导的是宾语从句，作know的宾语。
句 “with a piece of string tied to it”是“with＋名词＋过去分词”式的复合结构。
句 that引导的是表语从句，作prove的表语。
许多年来，富兰克林闪电实验的故事一直是学校的教学内容之一。数代学生都叹服于富兰克林的勇气与追寻真理时采用的科学手段。富兰克林与许多其他科学家一道，激励并教导我们科学实验对于推定真理与推动科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。
[句式释解]
句 “more than one＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
句 that引导的是名词性从句，作动词taught的宾语补足语。
然而，不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。虽然已证实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事，不少科学家还是对事实真相提出了质疑。使用细绳和钥匙这一细节是真实的，但科学家们一致认为，如果富兰克林真的碰到了钥匙，他必定会被电死。
[句式释解]
句 neither ...nor ...“既不……也不……”，它连接主语时，谓语动词的单复数与nor后面的主语一致。
句 although引导的是让步状语从句，它不能与but连用；that引导的是主语从句；what引导的是宾语从句，作动词question的宾语。
科学家们常常对已被人们接受的观点提出质疑，以求证事实。一些科学家甚至也怀疑过牛顿的故事：一个苹果掉下来砸中了牛顿的脑袋，促使他提出了万有引力定律。事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。
第二遍 精读提素养
步骤一|先明文章主旨大意，知写了什么
The passage mainly tells us Franklin's spirit of scientific exploration is .
A．entirely fictive B．really doubtful
C．completely true D．more important than the facts
答案：D
步骤二|再逐段精读文章，看怎样写的
阅读文章第1、2段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)Why did Franklin do the experiment
He wanted to know .
if lightning was really produced by electricity or something else
(2)How did Franklin prove lightning was a form of electricity
①He raised the with a piece of string tied to it; he then attached a metal key to the string.
②A flash of lightning hit the kite; then the was conducted through the string to the key.
③Franklin touched the key and got an electric shock; he proved that____________ was a form of electricity.
kite
electricity
lightning
2．表达的技巧
第一段中，作者用“However”一词引出自己的观点。像however或but这类转折词在阅读理解中具有很强的启示功能，对我们判断上下文文意，推断作者的态度，猜测人物心理或理清文章的层次具有举足轻重的作用。
阅读文章第3、4段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)Write T (true) or F (false)．
①Franklin's bravery amazed one generation of schoolchildren. ( )
②Franklin's scientific approach taught us how to look for the truth. ( )
③Experiments play an important role in scientific discoveries and inventions. ( )
F
T
T
(2)If the story had been true, what would have happened according to the text
A．Franklin would have touched the key.
B．Franklin would have died from the electric shock.
C．Franklin would have been elected president.
D．Franklin would have more new inventions.
答案：B
(3)What's the most important significance of Franklin's experiment with lightning
A．It contributes towards later scientific discoveries and inventions.
B．It proved that the details of the experiment were not entirely true.
C．It really helped Franklin to avoid being killed by the electric shock.
D．It proved that the mental key can conduct the electricity.
答案：A
2．表达的技巧
作者在第四段最后一句使用了“if虚拟条件句”，暗示了富兰克林的实验有可能不是真的。
试补全下面的“if虚拟条件句”：
①If it Sunday tomorrow, I to see my grandmother.
如果明天是星期天，我就去看望我奶奶。
②If you my advice, you in the examination.
假如你听从我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。
③If he and missed many classes, he .
如果他没有生病，错过许多课程，他会取得更大的进步。
were
would go
had taken
wouldn't have failed
had not been ill
would have made greater progress
阅读文章第5、6段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)Why does the author mention Newton in the fifth paragraph
A．Because Newton was a great scientist.
B．Because Newton's head was hit by an apple.
C．Because Newton liked to make questions.
D．Because it can support the author's idea.
(2)What does the author think can inspire people more
A．The interesting fiction stories.
B．The spirit of scientific exploration.
C．The facts proved by experiments.
D．Everything we read or hear.
答案：(1)D (2)B
2．表达的技巧
第五段中，作者引用牛顿被一个苹果砸到脑袋而想出万有引力定律的例子来说明科学实验不完全是事实，也有虚构的成分。这种举例法是论说文中证明论点的一种重要方法。掌握这一方法，学生可以更好地理解或写作论说文。
步骤三|读后理层次结构，析有何逻辑
本文是一篇论说文，介绍了人们对富兰克林著名的风筝实验真实性的怀疑和求证。文章结构上属于递进式(引论、本论、结论)。文章的脉络如下：
阅读技巧：分析文章标题，感知问题式议论文标题的功能与作用：清晰明了或隐含告知读者文中所要探讨的问题，激发读者的求知欲望，引发读者的阅读兴趣，启发读者深入思考问题。然后预测问题的答案，通过略读把握文章主旨，明晰文章结构与脉络，验证自己的预测是否准确。
步骤四|最后知选文意图，思有何价值
学会批判性思考，勇于探索科学事实
本文的内容是人们对富兰克林著名的风筝实验真实性的怀疑和求证。文中指出了许多科学家对富兰克林的风筝实验的部分描述表示怀疑，这体现出了人们的批判性思维；文章还指出富兰克林的风筝实验所体现出的勇于探索科学事实的精神激励后人不断地探索科学事实，这种可贵的科学精神值得我们学习。
科学精神就是实事求是、勇于探索真理和捍卫真理的精神。作为学生应努力学习科学文化知识，弘扬科学精神和爱国主义情怀，以便将来投身于祖国的建设中，为科技强国贡献自己的力量。
请体会并记住下面的句子：
①The question mark is the key to any science.
问号是开启任何一门科学的钥匙。
②Only faithful to the facts, faithful to the truth.
只有忠实于事实，才能忠实于真理。
③Scientific respect facts, obey the truth, and not to yield to any pressure.
科学尊重事实，服从真理，而不会屈服于任何压力。
第一板块 单词和短语——点点清
1．A metal key was attached to the string.
细绳上绑着一把金属钥匙。
★attach v．系，绑；贴
[用法感知]
①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Our roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears ...
我们在工厂的职责很简单：将蛋糕放在传送带上，贴上糖霜耳朵……
②I attached a photo to my application form.
我在申请表上贴了一张照片。
③(以文化人助写作)We Chinese people attach great importance to tea and tea drinking.
我们中国人非常重视茶和饮茶。
归纳点拨 (1)attach ...to ... 把……固定/附在……上
be attached to 被系/绑/贴/附在……上；隶/附属于
attach importance to 重视，认为……有重要性
(2)attachment n. 附件，依附，依恋，附着物
名师点津 attach ...to ...中的to为介词，其后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
④The research center (attach) to the university.
⑤The virus usually appears as an (attach) to an e-mail.
⑥He his bag at the airport.
在机场，他把标签贴在了他的包上。
(2)词汇升级
⑦When we are doing sports, we should pay attention to the safety and avoid being hurt. ____________________
is attached
attachment
attached a label to
attach importance to
2．In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head.
事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。
★account n．记述，描述
[用法感知]
①He was too shocked to give an account of what had happened.
他太震惊了，无法描述所发生的事情。
②He was granted special admission on account of his effort.
由于他自己的努力，他被破格录取。
③On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。
[归纳点拨]
(1)give an account of 描述，讲述
on account of 由于，因为
on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
take sth.into account 考虑到某事
(2)accountant n. 会计师
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④ account of holiday, our store will be closed tomorrow.
⑤When judging his performance, don't take his age account.
⑥I've sent all the paperwork to my (account)．
(2)句型转换
⑦We should on no account go out in this big storm.
→On no account in this big storm.
On
into
accountant
should we go out
第二板块 句式和语法——句句通
1．More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth.
数代学生都叹服于富兰克林的勇气与追寻真理时采用的科学手段。
[归纳点拨]
more than one“不止一个”。“more than one＋单数名词”在句中作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。“more＋可数名词复数＋than one”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。“主语＋along with/as well as＋名词”等，谓语动词一般与前面的主语在数上保持一致。
[应用融会] (完成句子)
①More than one teacher Australia in this college.
这所学院的教师中，不止一人去过澳大利亚。
②More students than one .
不止一个学生读过这本书。
③Professor Smith, along with his assistants, the project day and night to meet the deadline.
史密斯教授和他的助手们正夜以继日地做这个项目，以赶上最后期限。
④E-mail, as well as telephones, daily communication.
和电话一样，电子邮件在日常交流中起着重要的作用。
has been to
have read the book
is working on
is playing an important part in
2．However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true.
然而，不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。
归纳点拨 neither ...nor ...表示“既不……也不……”，可以连接任意两个并列的句子成分或句子。其中，neither是副词，nor是连词。neither ...nor ...连接两个主语时，谓语动词与nor后面的主语在数上保持一致，即遵循邻近原则。neither ...nor ...连接两个句子时，两个句子都要用部分倒装。另外，neither和nor也可单独使用，表示主语与前面叙述的情况是一样的，意为“主语也不……”。
联想发散 (1)either ...or ...“或者……或者……”(连接主语时，谓语动词与or后面的主语在数上保持一致)
(2)both ...and ...“……二者都……”(连接主语时，谓语动词用复数)
[应用融会] (完成句子)
①She likes .
她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。
② good at drawing.
你和她都不擅长绘画。
③ good at English.
她和我都擅长英语。
④She doesn't like the movie. .
她不喜欢这部电影，我也不喜欢。
neither butter nor cheese
Neither you nor she is
Both she and I are
Neither/Nor do I
⑤Neither could theory do without practice, without theory.
理论没有实践不行，实践没有理论也不行。
⑥ going there tomorrow.
明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。
nor could practice do
Either you or I am
写作项目——Writing an experiment report
本单元要求写一则实验报告，实验报告是把实验的目的、方法、过程、结果等记录下来，经过整理写成的书面汇总材料。实验报告要明确体现实验目的、步骤和结果，对具体实验现象的描述要客观准确，分析要全面具体，语言要简洁质朴、通俗易懂。
一、阅读信息，参照结构提示，谋篇布局
二、点拨写作要点
1．罗列要点，确保齐全
实验报告是对某实验的目的、步骤、现象、结论等进行论述的报告。写实验报告时，一定要按照做实验的步骤和顺序来写。首先写明实验的目的；然后写明实验所用的材料，应分类罗列，不能遗漏；接着写出实验步骤；最后得出实验结果或结论。本实验报告要点罗列如下：
Aim
To prove whether air pressure really exists
Materials
①A boiled egg
②A glass bottle whose neck is a bit smaller than the egg
③Some hot water
Procedure
①Remove the shell of the egg.
②Carefully pour some hot water into the bottle.
③Shake the bottle gently.
④Pour out the hot water.
⑤Quickly place the egg on top of the bottle.
Result
The egg squeezed into the bottle at once.
Conclusion
The air pressure indeed exists, and it is very powerful. It is the force of the air that pushed the egg into the bottle.
2．巧妙衔接，叙述条理
在写作过程中可适当使用如下有用表达确保行文流畅：①The experiment is designed/aimed to ... ②I prepared ... , including ... ③First ... , then ... , after ... ④To my amazement, ... ⑤After the experiment, I can draw a conclusion that ... ：
(1)描述实验目的、材料、结果、结论：
①The experiment is designed .
这个实验是为了证明空气压力是否真的存在。
to prove whether air pressure really exists
②At the beginning of the experiment, I prepared the materials, including _______
___________________________________________________________________.
在实验开始时，我准备了材料，包括一个煮熟的鸡蛋、一个瓶颈比鸡蛋稍小的玻璃瓶和一些热水。
③To my amazement, .
令我惊奇的是，鸡蛋立刻被挤进了瓶子。
④After the experiment, I can draw the conclusion that _______________________
.
经过实验，我可以得出结论，空气确实存在压力，而且是非常强大的。正是空气的力量把鸡蛋推进了瓶子里。
a boiled egg, a glass bottle whose neck is a bit smaller than the egg, and some hot water
the egg squeezed into the bottle at once
air pressure indeed exists, and it is very powerful. It is the force of the air that pushed the egg into the bottle
(2)描述实验步骤：
①First, .
首先，我把鸡蛋去掉了外壳。
②Then, .
然后，我小心翼翼地往瓶子里倒了一些热水，轻轻地摇晃着瓶子。
③After a few minutes,
.
几分钟后，我倒了热水。就在同一时间，我迅速地把鸡蛋放在瓶子的顶部。
I removed the shell of the egg
I carefully poured some hot water into the bottle, and shook the bottle gently
I poured out the hot water. Just at the same time, I quickly placed the egg on top of the bottle
三、润色衔接成文
The experiment is designed to prove whether air pressure really exists.
At the beginning of the experiment, I prepared the materials, including a boiled egg, a glass bottle whose neck is a bit smaller than the egg, and some hot water. With all the things prepared, the experiment began.
First, I removed the shell of the egg. Then, I carefully poured some hot water into the bottle, and shook the bottle gently. After a few minutes, I poured out the hot water. Just at the same time, I quickly placed the egg on top of the bottle. To my amazement, the egg squeezed into the bottle at once.
After the experiment, I can draw the conclusion that air pressure indeed exists, and it is very powerful. It is the force of the air that pushed the egg into the bottle.
积素材充盈写作“语料库”
(一)背写作词汇
Ⅰ.话题单词
1．experiment n． 实验 2.research n． 研究
3．material n. 材料 4.procedure n. 步骤，程序
5．result n. 结果 6.remove v. 移走，除掉
7．instruction n. 说明，指导 8.match n. 火柴
9．clamp n. 夹子 10.temperature n. 温度
11．oxygen n. 氧气 12.burn v. 燃烧
13．boiled adj. 沸腾的 14.centigrade n. 摄氏度
15．bubble n. 气泡 16.solid n. 固体
17．appear v. 出现 18.weight n. 重量
19．balance n. 天平 pare v. 比较
Ⅱ.话题短语
1．carry out 进行，实行
2．with the aim of 目的是……
3．do research on 研究
4．in hope of 希望
5．draw a conclusion 得出结论
6．burn out 燃烧尽
7．in all directions 朝四面八方
(二)背写作佳句
[常用开头句]
1．The experiment is designed to prove whether air pressure really exists.
设计这个实验是为了证明空气压力是否真的存在。
2．The aim of the experiment is to find out if there's a change when magnesium burns in air.
实验的目的是弄清楚镁在空气中燃烧是否有变化。
3．We carry out the experiment to find out whether glass breaks more easily when it is cold.
我们做实验是为了弄清楚玻璃在冷的时候是否更容易碎。
4．With the purpose of discovering the chopsticks are straight or bend in water, we did this experiment.
为了发现筷子在水中是直的还是弯的，我们做了这个实验。
[常用中间句]
1．First I removed the shell of the egg.
首先我把蛋壳去掉。
2．Next, heat the magnesium.
接下来，加热镁。
3．Then I carefully poured some hot water into the bottle, and shook the bottle gently.
然后我小心翼翼地往瓶子里倒了一些热水，轻轻地摇晃着瓶子。
4．Finally, weigh the magnesium again, and then compare the two weights.
最后，再次称量镁，然后比较两者的重量。
[常用结束句]
1．After the experiment, I can draw the conclusion that air pressure indeed exists, and it is very powerful.
实验结束后，我可以得出结论，空气压力确实存在，而且是非常强大的。
2．From the experiment, we can conclude that iron does not rust in dry air.
从实验中我们可以得出结论，铁在干燥的空气中不生锈。
(三)背续写素材
读后续写微技能之“语言描写”
The boy lifted the last bag onto his shoulder, and flashed a bright smile. “I guess this is it，” he said. “I'll see you back home in a month, okay？” His parents nodded, and they watched as he walked out of sight into the crowds of hundreds of students and parents. The boy's mother turned to the dog, “Okay, Poppy, time to go back home.”
男孩把最后一个袋子扛在肩上，露出灿烂的笑容。“我想就是这样，”他说。“一个月后回家见，好吗？”他的父母点点头，看着他走出视线，走进数百名学生和家长的人群。男孩的母亲转向小狗：“好了，波比，该回家了。”
[应用体验]
实验目的 证明冰融化过程中温度不变
实验用品 冰块， 大小烧杯， 温度计， 热水
实验步骤 1.在一个大烧杯中倒入热水；2.把装有冰块的小烧杯置入热水中， 在冰块中插入温度计； 3.观察冰块温度变化， 注意冰开始融化时的温度； 4.观察冰融化为水过程中的温度变化
实验结果 冰全部融化为水，融化过程中温度不变
实验结论 冰在零摄氏度时才开始融化， 融化过程中温度不变
根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文
The experiment is designed 1. (搞清楚温度是否变化) while ice is melting into water.I prepared ice, hot water, big beaker, small beaker and thermometer to do this experiment.
The procedures are as follows：
Put some hot water in a big beaker.2. __________________________________
____________ (把装满冰的烧杯放进热水中) and then put a thermometer into the ice.Observe the ice temperature 3. (当冰开始融化时), and make a note of it.Observe the changes in the ice's temperature while it's melting.
to find out whether the temperature changes
Put a small beaker filled with ice into the hot water
when the ice begins to melt
All ice has melted into water and 4. (温度保持不变)．After the experiment, I 5. (可以得出结论) ice begins to melt when it is zero degree centigrade and 6.______________________
____________________________ (直到冰完全融化温度才变化)．
the temperature remains the same
can draw the conclusion that
the temperature doesn't
change until it melts completely
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The thunder and (闪电) stopped, but it continued to pour.
2．A short story is a kind of (虚构的事) about imagined events and characters.
3．Fancy lantern is made of bamboo or (金属) covered by cloth or paper.
4．We won't leave the earth easily because of the (引力) of the earth.
lightning
fiction
metal
gravity
5．The (实验) shows that these pills have no beneficial effect on weight loss.
6．The (程序) of operating a computer have been simplified several times.
7．The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me (完全地) in their power.
8．I want you to help me check my (草稿) of my English speech; there must be many mistakes.
experiment
procedures
entirely
draft
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．A degree is regarded as a (prove) that someone has a good education.
2． (electric) is a major kind of power we use a lot in our daily life.
3．China's tobacco production accounts one-third of the world's output of tobacco.
4．Please make a written (declare) of all the goods you bought abroad.
proof
Electricity
for
declaration
5．Our school (attach) great importance to this activity, which I think is sure to be successful!
6．The survey (conduct) online from February 17 to March 1 among the students.
7． (science) experiments carried out by students without the teachers' instructions can be dangerous.
8． (admit), translation machines and software bring much convenience for our study and work.
attaches
was conducted
Scientific
Admittedly
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．We won't give up we should fail many times.
2．Let's discuss the problem and the best way to do it.
3．I'm sure your suggestion will solving the problem.
4．A great number of people have now COVID-19 in the globe.
apart from， instead of， approach to， in order to， contribute towards， die from， come up with， even if
even if
come up with
contribute towards
died from
5． reading rooms, there are some lecture halls where we can hold some activities.
6． change attitudes towards employing women, the government is bringing in new laws.
7．We suggest using handkerchiefs tissues so that we can prevent more trees from being cut down.
8．College Entrance Examination is no longer the only the university, especially for those with special talents.
Apart from
In order to
instead of
approach to
Ⅳ.完成句子
1． attractive to her.
无论是博物馆还是图书馆看起来都不能吸引她。
2． playing sports is good for our health.
我的结论是，做运动对我们的健康有好处。
3． it is important that he should learn English well if he wants to go.
不止一个老师告诉他，如果他想去，学好英语是很重要的。
Neither the museum nor the library seems
I draw a conclusion that
More than one teacher has told him
4． some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
随着越来越多的森林遭到破坏，一些动物和植物正面临灭绝的危险。
5．Over the past 100 years, the Party's history not only _______________________, wisdom and determination, but also with sweat, blood and tears.
100年来，书写党的历史的，不仅有勇气、智慧和决心，也有汗水、鲜血和泪水。
With more and more forests damaged
has
been written with courage
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
New research suggests that the story 1. Franklin's famous experiment with lightning may be fiction instead of fact.More than one generation of schoolchildren 2.________________(amaze) by his bravery and his scientific approach to 3. (look) for the truth.However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment 4. (be) entirely true.Although it has been proved that Franklin's experiment 5. (take) place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened.The detail about the string and the key is true.But scientists all agree that if he had 6. (actual) touched the key, he would certainly have died from 7. electric shock.Fiction is more 8.__________(interest) than the truth.People have been more inspired by Franklin's spirit of scientific 9.____________(explore) than by the facts themselves.But in science, facts should be proved by 10. (experiment) and research.
that
has been amazed
looking
are
took
actually
the
interesting
exploration
experiments
Ⅵ.应用文写作
根据下面的提示，写一篇“观察水的沸腾”的实验报告。词数80左右。
实验目的 1.观察水沸腾时的温度；
2．观察水沸腾过程中的现象
器材 烧杯(beaker)，水，温度计(thermometer)，
酒精灯(alcohol burner)，火柴
步骤 1.在烧杯里倒入100g左右的水；
2．在水中放入温度计；
3．加热杯中的水，并观察温度计的示数和水的情况
结果 当温度达到100℃时，水面出现大量气泡
结论 1.水在100℃时开始沸腾；
2．水在沸腾过程中有大量气泡产生
参考范文：
The experiment is designed to observe the temperature when water boils and what happens in boiling water.To carry out the experiment, I prepared the materials: some water, a thermometer, a beaker, an alcohol burner and a box of matches.
First, I filled the beaker with some water about 100 grams.Then put the thermometer in it.Finally, boiled the water and observed the number of the thermometer.I could see the water temperature reached 100 degrees centigrade.Plenty of bubbles formed on the water surface.
After the experiment, I can draw a conclusion that water starts boiling at 100 degrees centigrade with plenty of bubbles during the boiling.
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（三）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共51张PPT)
Presenting ideas—实践·注重应用评价
对接“单元活动”——让活动有效开展
本课时要求学生讨论这些年来家用电器的变化，从而对科学技术的发展有更进一步的了解，能够用英文表达科技发展对人类社会的总体影响；能运用本单元所学语言描述科技对生活的改变，并预测在未来50年中，人类生活还将发生哪些变化。
[活动“助手”]
阅读下面的语篇，体会通信技术的发展。
A Brief History of Communications
For thousands of years people communicated using words, pictures, stone tablets, and smoke signals.
In 1837, Samuel Morse invented the telegraph, which made it possible to send information using electrical impulses over a copper wire.In 1876 Alexander Graham Bell invented the earliest telephone.The result was that a person's voice could be transmitted electronically between two points as long as a physical connection existed between them.During the next 70 years the telephone system grew to the point where the telephone became a common device in a home.
In 1945, the first electronic computer, ENIAC was invented, which was the first device that could actually process information electronically.In 1947, the invention of the transistor allowed smaller and cheaper computers to be built.
Satellite communication system began in 1962.The 1980s saw millions of PCs into every business, company, school, and organization and into many homes as well.In 1983, the beepers came into use in China.The World Wide Web, appeared in 1990s, makes information from around the world easily accessible to one's desk.
As technological advancement picked up the pace, so did mobile phones.The 1990s saw the arrival of two new, digital technologies — the European GSM standard and the North American CDMA standard.Demand grew and more and more cell tower sites were built.In addition to technological improvements in batteries and internal components, this allowed for much smaller mobile devices.
In recent years, 5G communication is developing very quickly.The mobile phones are also becoming smaller and smarter.What advanced devices will come into our lives tomorrow Of course, they will be sure to be AI, which are bound to change our lives greatly.Just wait and see.
[活动任务]
假定你是某电视台的编辑，你要向观众介绍手机这项科技发明。请你为栏目主持人准备一篇英文稿，内容包括：
1．手机被视为巨大发明之一的原因；
2．现在手机的主要功能；
3．你认为未来的手机会……
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Hello, everyone.Today, let's talk about a big invention — cellphones.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Hello, everyone.Today, let's talk about a big invention — cellphones.
Many people consider the cellphone one of the greatest inventions last century.There are several reasons.First, it makes it possible for us to talk to anyone wherever we are and whatever we are doing.Besides, it's a good tool to have fun and makes us feel cool.
Modern cellphones are also being used as cameras and radios, and to send e-mails or to surf the Internet.The latest cellphones have many functions such as games, music and an electric calendar.It's believed that cellphones in the future will be much smarter and have more functions.
评价“学习能力”——聚焦5种语言技能
Ⅰ. ——主题听力
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man mean
A．It's not surprising the milk smells bad.
B．The woman is just joking.
C．They need to replace the refrigerator.
2．What does the woman suggest
A．Taking a walk in the rain.
B．Putting off their picnic.
C．Going on a picnic.
3．How does the man like the car
A．It is extremely nice.
B．It is cheap.
C．It is not satisfactory.
4．What are the speakers doing
A．Greeting each other.
B．Saying goodbye to each other.
C．Planning to see each other again.
5．What does the man want a robot for
A．Looking after his younger brother.
B．Helping his mother with housework.
C．Playing with him in his free time.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．Where will the woman leave for
A．Her office. B．The hospital. C．The airport.
7．What is the woman looking for
A．A taxi. B．Her passport. C．Her bag.
8．What do you think about the woman
A．She is able to manage her things well.
B．She takes good care of her husband.
C．She should have been more careful.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．What does the man want to do
A．Buy his wife a sweater.
B．Look for his wife.
C．Go to Australia.
10．What color does the man's wife prefer
A．Red. B．Orange. C．White.
11．How much does the man pay at last
A．More than seventy-five dollars.
B．Just seventy-five dollars.
C．Less than seventy-five dollars.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12．What will the man do this summer
A．Take up a part-time job.
B．Have a trip with his parents.
C．Stay at home with his parents.
13．How long does the woman work every day during the summer
A．5 hours. B．7 hours. C．10 hours.
14．How did the woman find the job
A．By working there.
B．By travelling in the mountains.
C．By reading a local newspaper.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．What is the woman's attitude towards her life in New York
A．She doesn't like it at all.
B．She thinks highly of it.
C．She feels it just so-so.
16．What can we learn about the man from the conversation
A．He is heavier than before.
B．He looks younger than ever.
C．He has been on a diet.
17．Why does the woman look younger
A．Because she is more energetic.
B．Because she stays in warm weather.
C．Because she lives a healthier life.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What did the man do after graduation from high school
A．He took over his father's business.
B．He worked for his father.
C．He went straight to the college.
19．How did he start his decision for a degree
A．His friends gave him a suggestion.
B．He surfed the Internet one day.
C．God made everything happen.
20．What do you know about the man
A．He has already got a family.
B．He takes charge of housework every Saturday.
C．He has graduated with his desired degree.
答案：1～5 ABCBA 6～10 CBCAB 11～15 CBBCB 16～20 ACBBA
听力材料：
(Text 1)
W: The milk in the refrigerator smells bad.I don't think it is drinkable.
M：①No joke.It was out of date three weeks ago.
(Text 2)
M: It's really hot today.The temperature must be over 35℃.The forecast is for rain in the afternoon.
W: ②Why not put off the picnic until tomorrow
(Text 3)
W: I'd like to buy a new car, but this model is too expensive.
M: ③More than expensive.
(Text 4)
W: ④Well, I'd rather be going home now.It's been great seeing you again.
M: Oh, it was nice seeing you too.
(Text 5)
W: Tom, what would you do with a robot if you had one
M: ⑤I would probably have it help my mother look after my little brother.My mom has a lot of things to do and almost no time to rest.
(Text 6)
M: Mary, I hope you've been well prepared to leave.
W: Yes, but not exactly.⑦Where is my passport
M: Your passport That's the one thing you mustn't leave behind.
W: ⑧I've packed it, but I can't remember which bag it's in.
M: ⑥Well, you have to find it at the e on, the taxi is waiting.
W: ⑥The plane doesn't leave within two hours.Anyway, I'm ready to go now.
M: Hurry up.
W: I'm sure there's no need to rush.
M: There is.I asked the taxi driver to wait two minutes, not twenty.
W: All right.
(Text 7)
W: Is there anything else you would like to buy
M: ⑨I'm looking for a sweater for my wife.
W: All our sweaters are in this section.What do you think of this one here
M: It looks nice, ⑩but my wife usually prefers orange to red.
W: How about this one It is of pure wool made in Australia.
M: I hope she will like it.How much is it
W: It's ...seventy-five dollars plus tax.
M: It's a little expensive.Do you think it's possible to get a discount
W: Since you like it so much, how about a 10 percent discount That's the best I can offer.
M: Thank you.I'll take it.
(Text 8)
W: So, what are you going to do this summer
M: Well, I'm probably going on holiday with my parents for a week.Will you stay here or go home
W: Neither will I．I'm planning a trip to Scotland for the summer.
M: For the whole summer
W: Yes, for seven weeks.I'm ready to work in a hotel in the mountains.
M: Really That sounds great!
W: Yes, I hope so.I mean the work won't be very interesting, but my hours are seven till ten in the morning and five till nine in the evening.
M: How did you find it
W: In a newspaper.It tells you about all kinds of different jobs in different places.
M: Sounds so good!
(Text 9)
M: Hello, Susan.How is everything in New York
W: Never better, Henry.How are you How is the family
M: Everyone is fine, but actually I am feeling a little tired these days.
W: You are getting older, Henry. And you are heavier than you used to be.
M: Everyone grows older, but you look younger than ever.What's your secret
W: There is no secret. I get more exercise than you, and I am more careful about my diet.You should be, too.
M: You are right.When the weather is warmer, I'll do it.
W: No, Henry.You should start now.
M: OK, I'll start today.Thank you for the advice.
(Text 10)
M: When I graduated from high school, I went straight from my high school graduation to working for my father.After 24 years I decided that I wanted to return to school and earn a degree.Some told me that it was too late.Others told me that I was too old.One day while looking up information on how to go about getting into college, a little window popped up on my screen.It said, “Do you think you are too old to go back to school？” I clicked on the box and there I found an online college.I spoke to someone in the school and they assisted me in getting loans to pay for it.
They told me that I could take classes any way that I wanted. I also found out that I could attend classes from home so that I could be there for my son.Now today, almost 2 years later, I will be not only graduating but graduating with honors.So for anyone out there who thinks that something is out of reach or impossible, remember this: if I would have listened to those people who told me I couldn't do it, then today would just be Saturday.
W: What are you wearing
M: A Fitbit (智能手表)． 1 .
W: How accurate do you think it actually is
M: I'm not sure.I read a study recently that said the Fitbit's heart rate monitor doesn't do a great job at measuring your heartbeat during physical activity. 2 .
W: Oh, I thought it would have been the other way around.
M: Me too.Of course， 3 .
W: Well, a study like that will probably really hurt its business.
M: Well, 4 .
W: Do you wear your Fitbit often, or just when you're exercising
M: I wear it all day, every day.I even wear it when I'm sleeping.
W: Wow, that's impressive.Isn't it uncomfortable
M: No, not at all.
W: Maybe I should get one.
M: You should.I really like mine. 5 .They're expensive, but I think they're worth the money.
A．It gives a higher reading than it should give
B．There are many different kinds you can choose from
C．It's a watch that helps me keep track of my health
D．Fitbit was very upset by the study and said it wasn't true
E．their products are very popular, so people will still most likely buy them
答案：1～5 CADEB
1．What's the topic of the pictures above
The topic of the pictures above is about “Some famous scientists who have made contributions to mankind”.
2．Can you say something about their achievements？(The answers may vary.)
Qian Xuesen is a scientist who made important contributions to the missile and space programs.He returned to China in 1955 and led the Chinese rocket program, and became known as the “Father of Chinese Rocketry”．
Tu Youyou is a famous Chinese female scientist who won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine on October 5 for her discoveries concerning a novel treatment against malaria (疟疾)． This is the first Nobel Prize given to a Chinese scientist for work carried out within China.
Stephen Hawking is a British scientist. He worked in astronomy and put forward a theory about black holes.
Isaac Newton is considered as one of the greatest scientists in history for his discovery of universal gravitation and the three laws of motion.
Ⅳ. ——阅读理解
A baby seal robot from Japan has came to the US.It's been sold in Japan for several years, but now the company has created a Florida-based unit, Paro Robots US Inc., to sell the creature to places like nursing homes and hospitals.The robot, named Paro, is marketed as a therapeutic (治疗的) device that can help comfort people who have problems that can lead to social isolation (隔离)．
Takanori Shibata, a Japanese engineer, invented Paro.He says the robot, which weighs about 6 pounds, is able to respond to touch, light, and sound.
Shibata says he tried making robotic cats and dogs, but that people didn't find those convincing.“They expected too much，” he says, and would compare the robot to real animals they had known.Few people have ever seen a live baby seal, so they aren't likely to draw comparisons between the robot and the real thing.So they accept Paro as a cute little companion.
The Vinson Hall Retirement Community in McLean held a recent event to showcase the robot and Virginia Long slowly came into the activity room.When a nurse put the robot on her lap, it began to shake slightly, and Long talked to it gently.“Why are you shaking Are you cold？” she asked.The robot made a high sound, and Long laughed.She said she used to have a cat, “but somebody stole him.” “Petting a seal is unusual，” she said, “but a lot of people have strange animals.”
But some experts say a robot is no replacement for a real animal.“One of the things that we've learned is that it is the unexpected and natural behavior of the living creature that adds so much value to people's experience.Any kind of newness can get the attention of people who are lonely and bored, but that doesn't necessarily help them live a meaningful life.It doesn't solve the problem that is really causing their lack of enjoyment of life，” says Bill Thomas, a professor at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County.
Questions：
1．What is the role of Paro
A．To look after baby seals.
B．To give relief to patients.
C．To replace home-raised pets.
D．To provide medical examinations.
答案：B
2．How did people feel about robotic cats
A．Disappointed. B．Astonished.
C．Concerned. D．Amused.
答案：A
3．What was Long's reaction to Paro
A．She refused to get close to it.
B．She showed it much affection.
C．She regarded it as her new cat.
D．She was frightened to talk to it.
答案：B
4．What do Bill Thomas's words suggest about Paro
A．It is of great value to people.
B．It fails to catch older people's interest.
C．It can take the place of a living creature.
D．It is not of great use in solving real problems.
答案：D
5．What's the main idea of this passage
It's about a seal robot invented by a Japanese.
6．Why can people easily accept the seal robot as their companion
Because they seldom see the real seals and cannot compare them to real animals.
Ⅴ. ——读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语，运用“语言描写微技能”续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mother's gift
I grew up in a small town where the primary school was a ten-minute walk from my home.When the noon bell rang, I would race breathlessly home. My mother would be standing at the top of the stairs, smiling down at me.
One lunchtime, when I was in the third grade, will forever stay in my memory. I had been picked to be the princess in the school play and, for weeks, my mother had rehearsed (排练) my lines with me.
But no matter how easily I acted at home, as soon as I stepped on stage, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrator's part to the play, and asked me to change roles. Her words, though kindly expressed, still hurt, especially when I saw my part go to another girl.
I didn't tell my mother what had happened when I went home for lunch that day but she sensed my pain. Instead of suggesting we practise my lines, she asked if I wanted to walk in the yard.
It was a lovely spring day and the rose vine was turning green. Under the huge trees, we could see bunches of yellow dandelions in the grass, as if a painter had touched the landscape with dabs of gold. I watched my mother casually bend down by one dandelion. “I think I'm going to dig up all these weeds，” she said, pulling it up by its roots. “From now on, we'll have only roses in this garden.”
“But I like dandelions，” I protested. “All flowers are beautiful, even dandelions.”
My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its own way, doesn't it？” she asked thoughtfully. I nodded, pleased that I had won her over. “And that is true of people too，” she added. “Not everyone can be princess, but there is no shame in that.” Relieved that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry as I told her what had happened. She listened and smiled at me as only a mother can.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
“But you'll be a beautiful narrator，” she said, “and you are a dandelion as beautiful as any rose.”____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
After the play, I took home the flower.___________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
“But you'll be a beautiful narrator，” she said, “and you are a dandelion as beautiful as any rose.” Unknowingly, I was refreshed again. However, when I was about to step on the stage, I became quite nervous. At that moment, I felt something in my pocket. I put my hand in my pocket and, to my surprise, I pulled out a dandelion! My mother's encouragement made my nerves float away like petals in the wind. Holding the flower, I started the show, calmly and with confidence. Much to my amazement, I delivered all my lines without any mistakes.
Paragraph 2：
After the play, I took home the flower. I gave my mother a big hug and handed her the flower. She carefully took the flower from me and gently put it in a vase. She talked to me kindly and lovingly, “I am so proud of you, my girl. You are such a beautiful narrator.” I nodded with my eyes filling with tears. “You are a beautiful dandelion, but you are also as beautiful as a rose，” she said, “and, remember, it is never a shame to be a dandelion.”
“UNIT 3 单元验收评价（一）—（二）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共12张PPT)
Starting out—开篇·把握单元目标
单元素养解读
一、语言能力
听 能听懂与科技主题相关的英语基础词汇、句式和简短对话。
说 能用英语表达科技与人类生活的相关话题并与他人展开话题讨论。
读 能读懂人物访谈、关于科学精神的议论、生活中的小发明介绍、实验报告等多模态语篇，掌握人物访谈的基本结构和科幻小说的语言特点。
写 能用所学的与科学技术相关的英语语言和语篇知识撰写简单的英语实验报告。
看 能看懂与科技有关的图片和视频，了解科技发展给人类带来的巨大变化，培养对科技的兴趣。
二、文化意识
能够运用单元所学描述科学发展的不同领域，分享自己感兴趣的科学领域和自己喜爱的科学家，培养热爱科学的品质以及科学的探究和怀疑精神。
三、思维品质
能够撰写实验报告，探究科学精神的内涵，深化对单元主题意义的理解与挖掘。
四、学习能力
通过运用各种学习策略，在自主、合作与探究式学习的过程中，结合单元所提供的反思性和评价性问题不断监控、评价、反思和调整自己的学习内容和进程，提高自己的理解和表达能力，最终促进自身语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力的综合提升。
单元主题引入
Watch the video and answer the following questions.
1．What is the video about
2．How can we explore tiny things according to the boy
3．What will become of our cars according to the man
The life in the year 3000.
We'll just take a pill to make us small enough to visit and explore them ourselves!
Our cars will be able to fly and go underwater.
4．Where would the girl love to spend the summer holiday then
5．What does the woman wish to come true
6．Which invention does the old man wish to become a reality
On the Moon or on Mars.
We'll apply special technology to our brains, and use it to translate any foreign language as we hear it.
We'll develop medicines that can easily cure diseases like cancer and AIDS.
新知学用结合
1．Presently I am going to press the lever, and off the machine will go.
现在我要按下操纵杆，再松开手，机器就开动了。
★press v．按，压，敦促n. 按，压；印刷，新闻
[用法感知]
①He pressed his ears against/to the door, but heard nothing.
他把耳朵贴在门上，但是什么也听不到。
②He pressed his way through the crowd and bought the gift.
他从人群中挤过去买了这个礼物。
③(2021·全国乙卷)When she reached one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand.
当她到达一个护士那里时，她试图把一张五英镑的钞票塞入她的手中。
[归纳点拨]
(1)press ...against/to ... 把……压/贴在……上
press ...into ... 将……塞进
press one's way through 挤过
(2)pressing adj. 紧急的，急迫的
(3)the press 新闻界
a press conference 新闻发布会
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④The boy pressed his face the window, looking out curiously.
⑤The most (press) task in the world today is to restore global economic growth as soon as possible.
⑥ ,I decided to seize the opportunity.
在我的朋友和家人的催促下，我决定抓住这个机会。
against/to
pressing
Pressed by my friends and relations
2．A faint blue light shot across it, darkening to purple, and presently she could see the image of her son, who lived on the other side of the earth, and he could see her.
一道微弱的蓝光从中射出，并加深变成紫色，不久她就看到儿子的影像，住在地球另一边的儿子也能看到她。
★shoot v．射出(光、亮等)，放射，发射；拍摄；发芽； n．摄影；狩猎；嫩芽
[用法感知] (写出下列句中shoot的词性及含义)
①This is just a toy gun; it doesn't shoot. ______
②The trees send out new shoots in spring. ______
③What is your purpose to shoot a short video？ ______
④New buildings sprang up like bamboo shoots after a spring rain. ______
v.发射
n.嫩芽
v.拍摄
v.发芽
归纳点拨 (1)shoot at ... 向……射击
shoot ...with ... 用……射击……
(2)shooting n. 射击；射门；摄影
(3)shot n. 射击；射门；投篮；枪击声
轻巧识记 图解shoot 的一词多义
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
⑤The hunter shot the lion a gun.
⑥Tom likes (shoot) very much.
⑦The villager the wolf after he it several times.
村民几次射击后终于射中了狼。
[名师点津] shoot at“向……射击”，表示动作；shoot“射中”，用枪、箭“射杀”，表示结果。
with
shooting
shot
shot at(共60张PPT)
Understanding ideas—读思·发展思维品质
课时目标
1. 略读文章，熟悉话题语境，获取文章的主旨大意，激发学生了解现代科技发展的兴趣。
2. 细读文章，熟悉古今中外人类的伟大新发明，感知这些新发明给生活带来的巨大变化。
3. 通过精读，了解文章观点和细节信息，完成思维导图。
4. 了解未来世界科技发展的趋势，形成国际视野，加深对单元主题的认识。
一、背阅读单词——会认就行
1．gunpowder n． 火药
2．compass n. 指南针，罗盘
3．virtual adj. 虚拟的，模拟的
4．battery n. 电池
二、背重点单词——写对才行
1． n. 东西，物品
2． n. 渴望，欲望
stuff
desire
三、背拓展单词——活用才行
1． v．按→pressure n．压力→pressing adj.紧迫的→pressed adj.感到有压力的
2． v．射出(光、亮等)，放射→shooting n．射击；摄影；射门
3． adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的→flexibility n．灵活
4． v．计算→computer n．计算机
5． adj.有能力的→capability n．能力
press
shoot
flexible
compute
capable
四、背短语、词块——多积更行
1． 虚拟现实
2． 可穿戴技术
3． 除此之外，另外
4． 别轻易说决不
5． 而不是
6． 想一想，思考
virtual reality
wearable tech
in addition
never say never
instead of
think of
7． 幸亏，由于
8． 就……而言，在……方面
9． 此外，另外
10． 担任
11． 毫无疑问
12． 导致
thanks to
in terms of
what's more
work as
this is no doubt
lead to
五、背重点句式——不背不行
1.
悟原句 It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions，but many people might think that the great age of invention is over.(It suggests that ...“这表明……”)
书名提示现在是发明创造的新时代，但可能很多人都认为辉煌的发明时代已经结束了。
写佳句 more and more people use mobile phones to go online.
这表明越来越多的人用手机上网。
It suggests that
2.
悟原句 So what is it that inspires us to invent things？(what is it that ...是强调句型的特殊疑问句式)
那是什么激励着人们进行发明创造呢？
写佳句 makes you feel so angry？
是什么让你感到如此生气呢？
What is it that
3.
悟原句 This was no doubt the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient times，which much later developed into the car.(this/there is no doubt ...“毫无疑问……”)
古代轮子的发明无疑也是如此，后来演变为汽车。
写佳句 sports are good for our health.
毫无疑问，体育运动对我们的健康有好处。
This/There is no doubt that
第一遍 泛读通文意
The New Age of Invention
Interviewer：Good evening，and welcome to Between the Pages.This evening， I'll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst, whose new book The New Age of Invention has just been published.Welcome, Richard!
Richard：Thank you.It's a pleasure to be here.
Interviewer：I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before. It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions，but many people might think that the great age of invention is over.
Richard：Well，that's an interesting point.There have been golden ages of invention throughout history. Think of the four great inventions in Ancient China: gunpowder ，papermaking，printing and the compass . These things changed the world forever.Then there were the great Western inventions：the steam engine，the telephone and the radio.And now，we find ourselves in the great new age of technology.
Interviewer：So are most of the new great inventions tech-based
Richard：A lot，yes.For example，advances in virtual reality and wearable tech ，as well as the flexible battery ，mean we should soon be seeing further developments. In addition ，important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.
Interviewer：Can you give us some examples
Richard：Sure.New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts. In terms of the environment, it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places, with computing technology controlling its “legs”. What's more ，huge advances in solar technology mean it can be eco-friendly ，too.
Interviewer：Impressive stuff ! I've also been told that you're an inventor yourself.Is that correct
Richard：Yes, I am, but I'm only one member of a big team — most inventors now work as part of big international teams.
Interviewer：I see.So what is it that inspires us to invent things
Richard：Most inventions start with recognising a problem that needs a solution. This was no doubt the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient times, which much later developed into the car.Now，reduced energy supplies and environmental pollution have led to more advances in the technology of new energy vehicles.But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that's the real spirit of invention.
Interviewer：One last question.This is the one everyone really wants to know：will anybody ever invent a time machine
Richard：I think you've been watching too many movies！Nothing like this has been invented yet and I'd say we're a long way from an invention like that at the moment! But, as they say, “ Never say never！”
[参考译文]
新发明时代
采访人：晚上好，欢迎来到《字里行间》。今晚的嘉宾是理查德·费尔赫斯特博士，他的新书《新发明时代》刚刚出版。欢迎您，理查德！
[句式释解]
句 句中will be doing为将来进行时；whose引导的是非限制性定语从句。
理查德：谢谢！很高兴能来到这里。
采访人：我猜已经有人就书名向您提问了。书名提示现在是发明创造的新时代，但可能很多人都认为辉煌的发明时代已经结束了。
[句式释解]
句 It suggests that ...是常用句式，意为“这表明……”。suggest意思是“表明”，that引导的是宾语从句，but后面的分句中that引导的也是宾语从句。
理查德：嗯，这个观点很有意思。纵观历史，我们经历过很多发明创造的黄金时代。想想中国古代的四大发明：火药、造纸术、印刷术和指南针。它们永远地改变了世界。而后西方也出现了蒸汽机、电话、广播等伟大的发明。而现在，我们自己正处于伟大的科技新时代。
采访人：所以大多数伟大的新发明都是科技产品吗？
理查德：是的，很多都是。比如说，虚拟现实、可穿戴科技设备与柔性电池技术的进步意味着我们很快会看到更多相关领域的产品研发。此外，得益于不断强化的计算机能力，医药与环境科学也取得了重要进展。
采访人：您能给我们举几个例子吗？
理查德：当然可以。3D打印机之类的新发明已经应用于制作移植心脏与部分骨骼。在环境领域，建造智能可移动房屋现在已成为可能。它能依靠全球定位系统技术四处移动，计算机技术则控制着它的“双腿”。此外，太阳能技术的巨大进步也意味着它可以很环保。
[句式释解]
句 with computing technology ...是“with＋名词＋现在分词”式的复合结构。
采访人：真是了不起的发明！我听说您自己也是个发明家。是这样吗？
理查德：是的。但我只是一个大型团队中的一分子——大多数发明家现在都在大型国际团队中工作。
采访人：明白了。那是什么激励着人们进行发明创造呢？
[句式释解]
句 本句是强调句型的特殊疑问句结构“what is it that ...？”。
理查德：发现某个需要解决的问题，这是绝大多数发明的起点。古代轮子的发明无疑也是如此，后来演变为汽车。现在，能源供应紧缩与环境污染推动了新能源汽车技术的进一步发展。不过有一点依旧重要，就是我们对思考与创造有着一种极度的渴望，而这正是真正的发明精神。
[句式释解]
句 that引导的是定语从句，先行词是problem。
句 which引导的是非限制性定语从句，它修饰先行词the wheel。
句 what引导的从句是主语从句，that引导的是表语从句。
采访人：最后一个问题，也是大家都很想知道的：会有人发明出时光机吗？
[句式释解]
句 此句是省略关系代词that的定语从句，先行词是不定代词one。
理查德：我觉得您是电影看多了！目前还没有类似的发明，而且我认为，我们离这样的发明还远着呢！不过，就像人们说的：“凡事没有绝对！”
[句式释解]
句 as they say是as引导的定语从句。
第二遍 精读提素养
步骤一|先明文章主旨大意，知写了什么
What's the main idea of the text
A．The author of The New Age of Invention.
B．The present day is a new age of inventions.
C．The great age of invention is over.
D．The new inventions are tech-based today.
答案：B
步骤二|再逐段精读文章，看怎样写的
阅读文章第1～4段对话，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)What does Richard think of the four great inventions in Ancient China
(2)What does Richard think of the future development of invention
A．He thinks it is difficult to invent new things.
B．He thinks it is hard to predict.
C．He thinks it will be developed slowly.
D．He thinks it is promising.
答案：D
They were great inventions that changed the world forever.
2．表达的技巧
文章第一段对话中的第一句“Good evening, and welcome to Between the Pages.”是访谈类文章的常用开头，也是开场白。第二、三两段对话中的Thank you, guess, might等词的使用表明了说话人有礼貌和谦逊的特点。
阅读文章第5～8段对话，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)What made the advances in medicine and environmental science
A．Virtual reality. B．Wearable tech.
C．Increasing compute ability. D．Flexible battery.
(2)Which of the following items is more eco-friendly in our daily life
A．3D printers.
B．Solar water heaters.
C．GPS mobile phones.
D．Intelligent walking houses.
答案：(1)C (2)B
2．表达的技巧
第五段和第七段对话都是采访人说的话，它主要是由疑问句构成，且简明扼要。试翻译下面的句子：
①因此，学生下课后使用电脑，对吗？
②您认为中国的数字学习发生了哪些变化？
So the students use the computer after class, right
What changes have you seen happening in digital learning in China
阅读文章第9～14段对话，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)What does Dr Richard think inspires people to invent things
A．Solving a problem.
B．Enjoying the life.
C．Winning a prize.
D．Building up the confident.
答案：A
(2)What's the real spirit of invention according to Richard
(3)What can we know from Richard's words “Never say never”？
A．Nobody can create the time machine.
B．The time machine is not popular with people.
C．Human never creates the time machine.
D．Human needs time to create the time machine.
答案：D
The desire to think and create.
2．表达的技巧
第十二段对话中“But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that's the real spirit of invention.”一句使用了复杂句式，这种句式可以表达一些意义复杂且严谨的概念，从而使说明更加具体、全面。该句是and连接的并列句，and前面的分句中“what remains important”是主语从句，“that we have ...create”是表语从句；and后的句子是一个简单句。
试分析下面的复杂句式：
It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions, but many people might think that the great age of invention is over.
分析：本句是并列复合句，but连接两个并列分句。在前一个分句中，it是 ，that引导的从句是 ；在后一个分句中，that引导的从句也是 。(填句子成分)
步骤三|读后理层次结构，析有何逻辑
本文语篇类型为人物访谈。课文以问答的形式介绍了古今中外的伟大发明、这些发明给人类生活带来的巨大变化及发明的原动力。文章脉络清晰：提出话题—展开话题—延伸话题—结束话题。显然本文可以分为四个部分：第一部分为第一、二段，引出话题“新发明时代”；第二部分为第三段至第八段，介绍古今中外的发明及带来的巨大变化；第三部分为第九段至第十二段，谈论新时代发明所需要的品质；第四部分为第十三、十四段，暗示发明之路很漫长，但一切皆有可能。
阅读技巧：分析文章标题，结合课文相关图片，预测访谈内容。运用Brainstorm充分想象当代或未来的新发明，通过略读文章对照自己的想象与预测，理清文章脉络，明晰文章结构。通过精读，了解文章观点，进一步梳理文章架构的细节信息，完成思维导图或自己动手制作思维导图，将抽向思维形象化。通过品读，联系当今科学技术发展的成就，用英语表达自己的观点，进行知识和思维能力的拓展与迁移。
步骤四|最后知选文意图，思有何价值
培养国际视野，关注科技前沿，拥有科学精神
当今社会，科技发展日新月异。当今时代，到处都充满了发明和创造。科技是大国利器。当今世界上各个国家的科技发展水平不同，各国的人们也有着不同的发明创造。所以，要想了解最新的科技发明，我们要具有一定的国际视野，不能把眼光只放在国内。只有紧跟时代和科技发展的步伐，人类才能更快地实现科技梦想，为人类创造出更加美好的生活。
实现这一美好愿望需要我们具备发明精神，善于合作，对思考与创造极度渴望，让一切皆有可能。
请体会并记住下面的句子：
①Fantasy is the poet's wings; hypothesis is the ladder of science.
幻想是诗人的翅膀，假设是科学的阶梯。
②The invention is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.
发明是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水。
③Creativity is thinking up new things. Innovation is doing new things.
创造力就是想出新事物。创新就是在做新的事情。
第一板块 单词和短语——点点清
1．In addition, important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.
此外，得益于不断强化的计算机能力，医药与环境科学也取得了重要进展。
★in addition 除此之外，另外
[用法感知]
①You need money and time; in addition, you need diligence.
你需要钱和时间，此外还需要努力。
②In addition to reading for knowledge, we read for fun and inspiration.
我们读书除了为获取知识外，还可以得到乐趣和灵感。
③The government announced additional rules on immigration.
政府宣布了关于移民的补充规定。
[归纳点拨]
(1)in addition to 除了……外(还)
(2)addition n. 添加，增加物，加法
(3)additional adj. 附加的，额外的
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④In addition English, he has to study a second foreign language.
⑤The (add) work will take another two weeks.
(2)词汇升级
⑥Does John know any other foreign language besides French？ ____________
[名师点津] in addition＝as well，相当于连接副词，可以单独作状语；in addition to＝besides，是介词短语，后面接名词、代词或动名词。
to
additional
in addition to
2．It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places, with computing technology controlling its “legs”．
它能依靠全球定位系统技术四处移动，计算机技术则控制着它的“双腿”。
★capable adj.有能力的
[用法感知]
①She is a very capable teacher.
她是一位能力很强的教师。
②I trust that I am capable of doing the work well.
我相信我能做好这项工作。
③Cheer up.I'm firmly believe that you have the capability to succeed.
振作起来。我坚信你有能力成功。
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④They have the (capable) to complete the task in a week.
⑤He is a student difficult math problems.
他是一个有能力解决数学难题的学生。
(1)be capable of sth./doing sth. 有能力做某事
(2)capability n. 能力，才能
have the capability to do sth. 有能力做某事
capability
capable of solving
3．But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that's the real spirit of invention.
不过有一点依旧重要，就是我们对思考与创造有着一种极度的渴望，而这正是真正的发明精神。
★desire n．渴望，欲望
[用法感知]
①(2020·天津高考)Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.
伟大来源于持久的探索欲望。
②(2021·浙江6月高考)He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life.
他告诉我们，即使是一个愿望，只要永不放弃，也能成就非凡的人生。
③Many people desire to be popular with others but not everyone can achieve this goal.
很多人都想受人欢迎，但是并不是每个人都能达到这个目标。
归纳点拨 (1)have a/the desire to do sth. 有做某事的欲望
have a/the desire for sth. 渴望得到某物
(2)desire v. 想要，要求
desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
desire for sth. 想要得到某物
desire that ...(should) do sth. 渴望……做某事
联想发散 表示“渴望，希望”的词汇还有：hope, wish, long (v.), be thirsty for等。
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④He has a strong desire success.
⑤Reading satisfies my desire (keep) learning.
⑥Fewer people the north of the country.
想住在这个国家北方的人更少。
for
to keep
desire to live in
第二板块 句式和语法——句句通
1．This evening，I'll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst, whose new book The New Age of Invention has just been published.
今晚的嘉宾是理查德·费尔赫斯特博士，他的新书《新发明时代》刚刚出版。
[感知将学语法]
本句中的“has been published”是现在完成时的被动语态，它表示到目前为止“出版”这一动作已经被完成。
①Balloons have been used for sports for about 100 years.
气球用于体育运动已有大约100年了。
②Our study has been greatly improved since the new building was built.
自从新楼建成以来，我们的学习有了很大的提高。
③Over 30% of the natural world has been seriously destroyed by humans over the last 30 years.
在过去的30年里，超过30%的自然界已经被人类严重破坏了。
2．It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions，but many people might think that the great age of invention is over.
书名提示现在是发明创造的新时代，但可能很多人都认为辉煌的发明时代已经结束了。
归纳点拨 本句中的suggest后接that引导的宾语从句时，如果suggest意为“表明，暗示”，that从句的谓语动词要用陈述语气；如果suggest意为“建议”，则that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词要用“(should＋)动词原形”形式，should可以省略。
(1)suggest doing sth. 建议/提议做某事
(2)sth.suggest that ... 陈述语气，某事“暗示，表明”
(3)sb.suggest that ...(should) do sth. 某人建议……做某事
语境串记 Jane's pale face suggested that she was ill, and her teacher suggested that she (should) have a medical examination.
简苍白的脸色表明她生病了，她的老师建议她做个体检。
[应用融会]
(1)完成句子
①I would like to suggest that .
我想建议你提前5到10分钟到达。
②He after school.
他提议放学后去踢足球。
③He the school another day.
他建议她改天再参观这所学校。
(2)翻译句子
④她笑了笑，但眼神却显示出她并不幸福。
you arrive 5 to 10 minutes earlier
suggested playing football
suggested that she (should) visit
She smiled, but her eyes suggested that she was not happy at all.
3．So what is it that inspires us to invent things
那是什么激励着人们进行发明创造呢？
[归纳点拨]
本句中的what is it that ...是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，其构成是“特殊疑问词＋is/was＋that ...”。其中，特殊疑问词是被强调的部分。
强调句型的几种形式：
(1)It is/was ...that/who ... 陈述句式
(2)Is/Was it ...that/who ... 一般疑问句式
(3)特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that ... 特殊疑问句式
(4)It is/was not until ...that/who ... 强调时间状语的句式
[应用融会] (翻译或完成句子)
①他是昨天遇见李平的。
② made him so excited
是什么使他如此兴奋呢？
③ you will set off
你到底什么时候出发？
④ we arrived there.
直到天黑我们才到那里。
⑤ Mr Smith got angry
是因为杰克上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的吗？
It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
What is it that
When is it that
It was not until it got dark that
Was it because Jack came late for school that
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He (按) a round button and the machine began to work.
2．Personally, I think (虚拟的) reality will become a part of modern.
3．Do remember to charge the (电池) 12 hours when you first use it.
4．We can use computers to (计算) numbers and store information.
5．The poor child expressed the (渴望) that he have all the books he needs.
pressed
virtual
battery
compute
desire
6．I got very angry and began to pack up my (物品), preparing to go back home.
7．It was our ancestors who invented the papermaking, the (指南针) and so on.
8．At first, Michael Surrell didn't see the black smoke or flames (射出) from the windows.
9．We are in great want of a more (有能力的) monitor, one with straightforward personality.
10．Chinese is so (灵活的) that you need to pay attention to the different meanings of a word or phrase.
stuff
compass
shooting
capable
flexible
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He threw rocks at them and even (shoot) at them with a shotgun.
2．I think there should be a warning on every item the (battery) are in.
3．A (compute) is so useful a machine that we can use it everywhere.
4． (environment) pollution is resulting in the forest's dying.
5．The manager will give the job to whoever has (capable) and responsibility for it.
shot
batteries
computer
Environmental
capability
6．The new (invent) made last month would have a variety of applications in industry.
7． (present) he made the suggestion that they carry on their conversation in French.
8．Shakespeare's play Hamlet (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.
9．The (wear) market is growing fast and is just starting to focus on more fashionable designs.
10．Happiness and success often come to those who are good at____________ (recognise) their own strengths.
invention
Presently
has been made
wearable
recognising
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．We knew that you would doing it.
2．Let each child read his or her own taste and choice.
3．We will do it ourselves asking others to help.
4． the help of Tom, I got the first prize finally.
in addition， never say never， instead of， think of，in terms of， be capable of， thanksto， lead to， desire for， what's more
be capable of
in terms of
instead of
Thanks to
5．She always how she can do more for her students.
6．It was 10 years of hard work that his success in business.
7．He will surely help you, because he is your best friend, and ,he is so kind.
8．“To meet people's a happy life is our mission，” the President said to the press.
9． ,we should not neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society.
10．As long as there is a ray of hope, we will make every effort and .
thinks of
led to
what's more
desire for
In addition
never say never
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．The ring suggests of the crime.
这只戒指表明他在作案现场。
2． prevented him from coming in time
是什么使得他没有及时来到？
3． he is the best scholar in this field.
毫无疑问，他是这个领域最优秀的学者。
4． ,learning a new language helps us open our eyes to a new world.
正如他所说，学习新的语言有助于我们打开新的世界。
5． ,I gradually understood my father's words.
随着时间的流逝，我逐渐明白了父亲的话。
that he was on the scene
What is it that
There/This is no doubt that
As he said
With time going by
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Dr Richard Fairhurst, 1. new book The New Age of Invention has just been published, is an 2. (invent) himself.He thinks there have been golden 3. (age) of invention throughout history and the present day is a new age for inventions.Most of the new great inventions 4. (base) on advances in virtual reality, wearable tech, the flexible battery, medicine and 5._____________ (environment) science.3D printers have been used 6. (make) replacement hearts and bone parts.
whose
inventor
ages
are based
environmental
to make
7. terms of the environment, it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places, with computing technology 8. (control) its “legs”．Solar technology can be eco-friendly, too.Most inventions start with recognising a problem 9. needs a solution.That people have an incredible desire to think and create is 10. real spirit of invention.
In
controlling
that
the
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（一）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共60张PPT)
Using language—运用·提升语言能力
课时目标
1. 在语境中理解现在完成时被动语态的用法，并能在语境中运用这种时态描述日常生活。
2. 学习并运用科学领域不同职业名称的话题词汇，实现知识、思维和学习能力的迁移。
3. 了解一项发明背后的故事，并对亲自创造科技小发明产生兴趣。
语法项目——现在完成时的被动语态
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
The Internet has been greatly improved in the past decades of years.So far, a lot of new software have been developed and applied to the Internet.Many functions have been added to the Internet, which has made people's lives more convenient.Many search engines have been developed. People can look up the most updated information from large databases.People's lives have been greatly changed by the Internet.
1.“主语＋has/have been＋过去分词”结构是现在完成时的被动语态；
2.它表示动作或状态在说话之前已经结束或持续到现在并对现在产生影响或造成结果；
3.主语是行为动作的承受者。
续表
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
一、现在完成时的被动语态
[先感知]
①(教材典句)This evening, I'll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst, whose new book The New Age of Invention has just been published.
②(教材典句)I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.
③(教材典句)New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.
④The missing children haven't been found yet.Something terrible might have happened to them.
⑤You can go home as soon as your homework has been finished.
[会发现]
上述各句中的蓝体部分都是 的被动语态，它们的谓语部分都是由“ ”构成的。
[明规则]
(1)概念：现在完成时的被动语态是指说话的时候已经完成的被动动作或结果，主语是行为动作的承受者。
(2)结构：has/have (not) been＋过去分词。
(3)用法：现在完成时的被动语态一是表示某个被动动作已经完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果；二是表示一直持续到现在的被动动作或状态； 三是用在时间、条件等状语从句中替代将来完成时的被动语态。其常用的时间状语或副词与现在完成时主动语态相同。
现在完成时
has/have been＋过去分词
(4)注意事项：某些不及物动词或动词短语(如：happen, take place, belong to等)没有现在完成时的被动语态形式； 像often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词常放在has/have和been中间；不可分割的短语动词(如laugh at, take care of等)中的介词或副词不可省略。
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①Paper money (use) for over a thousand years.
② — the letter (send) to Mr Black
—No.It's still on the desk.
③You can see the house (not, paint) for years.
④ —Why does Mary look so unhappy
—She (laugh) at by her classmates.
⑤All the preparations for the task (complete), and we're ready to start.
has been used
Has
been sent
has not been painted
has been laughed
have been completed
二、主动语态和被动语态的选用
[先感知]
①I haven't read that book yet.
②Such books have been written for children.
③They have built many buildings in this city.
④All these products have been tested.
⑤He has lived in Beijing since 5 years ago.
⑥The letter has been opened.
[会发现]
(1)上述例句中句①③⑤是现在完成时的 语态，句②④⑥是现在完成时的 _____语态。
(2)二者的区别是：现在完成时主动语态的助动词has/have与过去分词中间没有 ,而其被动语态则含有 。
[明规则]
(1)不及物动词的现在完成时没有被动语态，只有主动语态。
(2)某些表示状态的及物动词(如live, stay, hold等)不可用于现在完成时的被动语态。
(3)常用被动语态的情况主要有：不知道动作的执行者是谁；强调动作的承受者；动作的执行者很模糊；没必要说出动作的执行者。
主动
被动
been
been
[对点练] (完成句子)
①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)It since Youth was founded.
《青春》创办至今已有10年。
②They for two weeks.
他们在这里已经待了两个星期了。
③Everybody else but me the party.
除了我别人全都参加那个晚会去了。
has been 10 years
have stayed here
has gone to
④They many times not to make noise.
他们已经被告知很多次不要制造噪声。
⑤A new type of computer for teachers and students.
已经为教师和学生设计了一种新型的计算机。
have been told
has been designed
用所给词的适当形式填空
As you know, a serious disease called COVID-19 began to spread at the beginning of 2020.Up to now, millions of people worldwide 1. (lose) their lives since it broke out.Various measures were said to 2. (take) to prevent the spread of the disease.It's said that the global economy 3._____greatly _____________(damage) by the outbreak of COVID-19.Thanks to the wise lead and right organization of China's government, the epidemic of COVID-19 in China 4.__________________(control) so far.To our delight, the economy and people's life 5. (return) to be normal since May, 2020!
have lost
have been taken
has
been damaged
has been controlled
have returned
1．With the next 80 years, our lives may be changed beyond recognition by 3D printing.
未来80年，我们的生活可能会被3D打印改变得面目全非。
★beyond prep.无法……，在更远处，超出
[用法感知]
①She was really touched beyond words.
她确实感动得无法形容。
②It is beyond belief that his aunt, an 80-year-old lady, can sing and dance so wonderfully.
令人难以置信的是，他的姑姑，一位80岁的老太太，能唱得和舞跳得那么好。
③The result was far beyond what we had expected, which brought great joy to every one of us.
结果远远超出了我们的预期，给我们每个人带来了巨大的快乐。
[归纳点拨]
(1)作介词，意为“在(或向)……较远的一边(表示位置)”
beyond the mountain 在山的那一边
(2)作介词，意为“晚于，迟于(表示时间)”
beyond midnight 半夜以后
(3)作介词，意为“超出……之外，非……所能及(表示能力、范围、水平等) ”
beyond one's power 超出某人的能力
beyond compare 无与伦比
beyond belief 难以置信
beyond recognition 难以识别
(4)作介词，意为“超出，除……之外(用于否定句和疑问句)”
(5)作副词，意为“在(或向)更远处；在另一边”
[应用融会]
(1)写出下列句中beyond词块的意思
④Beyond the river stood a power station.
有一个发电站。
⑤Some shops keep open beyond midnight.
有些商店营业到 。
⑥These were matters beyond his understanding as yet.
这些事情他那时候还 。
在河的那一边
半夜以后
不了解
⑦Is there anything more you can say beyond that
，你还能说些什么吗？
(2)完成句子
⑧The scenery there was beautiful .
那儿的风景美丽得无法形容。
除了那点之外
beyond expression/words
2．For instance, some restaurants in London have served 3D-printed hamburgers to customers.
例如，伦敦的一些餐馆已经向顾客提供3D打印的汉堡包。
★instance n．例子，实例
[用法感知]
①For instance, hot temperatures make your heart beat faster.
例如，高温会让你的心跳加速。
②The instant he opened the door, a dog ran in.
他一开门，一条狗就跑了进来。
③The movie was an instant success.
这部电影一上映就大获成功。
[归纳点拨]
(1)for instance 例如，比如
(2)instant adj. 立即的；片刻的
n. 瞬间，片刻
the instant＋从句 一……就……
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④Let me give you some (instance)．
⑤He'll telephone me instant he knows.
(2)词汇复现(替换加蓝词汇)
⑥In the west, people like to finish a meal with something sweet, for example, dessert. ___________
instances
the
for instance
3．But perhaps the most significant success that people have achieved to date is in medicine.
但也许迄今为止人们取得的最重要的成功是在医学上。
★significant adj.重要的，影响深远的，有意义的
[用法感知]
①It is significant for us to do some training before the match, so regular exercise is a must every day.
在比赛前做一些训练对我们来说是很重要的，所以每天有规律的锻炼是必须的。
②(以文化人助写作)Remember your effort today is of great significance to your future.
要记住你今天所做的努力对你的未来非常重要。
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
③It's significant for graduates (find) a proper job.
④The sense of happiness is of great (significant)．
(2)词汇升级
⑤A proper approach to improving your learning efficiency is very important to every student. __________
(1)It is significant for sb.to do sth. 某人做某事是重要的
(2)significance n. 重要，重要性，意义
be of significance＝be significant 重要的
to find
significance
significant
4．And it is not just humans who are benefiting — in Brazil, people have given a new 3D-printed shell to a turtle injured in a forest fire!
受益的不仅仅是人类——在巴西，人们给在森林大火中受伤的海龟一个新的3D打印外壳！
★injure v．使受伤，弄伤
[用法感知]
①What comforted the two cyclists was that Mac did not get injured.
令两位自行车手感到安慰的是，迈克没有受伤。
②Many of the injured are still in a serious condition.
很多伤者仍然情况严重。
③Instead, many deaths and injuries in earthquakes result from falling objects and the collapse of buildings.
相反，地震中的许多伤亡是由物体坠落和建筑物倒塌造成的。
归纳点拨 (1)get injured 受伤 (2)injured adj. 受伤的 the injured 伤者 (3)injury n. 受伤，伤害
易混辨析 Injure 指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失
hurt 指肉体上、精神上或感情上的伤害
harm 用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情
wound 指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④He had his left leg (injure) when playing football.
⑤Several doctors and nurses worked hard to help injured.
⑥His (injure) are serious but he is expected to pull through.
injured
the
injuries
(2)选词填空(injure, hurt, harm, wound)
⑦The driver himself badly in the accident.
⑧The soldier was badly in the head.
⑨Several children were in the accident.
⑩There was a fire in our street, but no one was .
hurt
wounded
injured
harmed
5．Currently, there's no cure for Alzheimer's, but scientists are researching ways to improve the quality of life for people living with the disease.
目前，阿尔茨海默氏症还没有治愈的方法，但是科学家们正在研究改善阿尔茨海默氏症患者生活质量的方法。
★cure n．药剂；疗法 vt.治愈；治疗；改掉(坏习惯)
[用法感知]
①Scientists have so far failed to find a cure for AIDS.
科学家迄今尚未找到治愈艾滋病的方法。
②I don't think this doctor can cure him of his heart disease.
我认为这位医生治不了他的心脏病。
归纳点拨 a cure for sth. 医治某种病的疗法 cure sb.of sth. 治愈某人的病；改掉某人的坏习惯
易混辨析 cure 强调结果，“治疗，治愈”，其后可直接加疾病或用于cure sb.of sth.结构
treat 强调过程，“治疗”，常用搭配：treat one's＋疾病或treat sb.for＋疾病
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
③He has devoted most of his time and energy to finding a cure the disease.
④The fresh air and exercise cured him his sleeplessness, which made him feel relief.
(2)选词填空(cure, treat)
⑤The doctor her headache with the best medicine, but did not her of the disease.
for
of
treated
cure
教材为基——课内听力4遍过
Step 1 过词块(英汉互译)
1． 在科学展上
2． 提出
3． 迷路
4． 担心
5． 照看，留心
at a science fair
come up with
get lost
worry about
keep an eye on
6．look after _____
7．come to one's mind ____________________
8．think of doing sth. ___________
9．get out of bed _____
10．stay up _____
照料
某人突然记起(或想到)
想到做某事
起床
熬夜
Step 2 过句式(完成句子)
1．I about a cool invention in this magazine!
我在这本杂志上读到一项很酷的发明！
2．This is a product people with Alzheimer's disease.
这是一种专为阿尔茨海默病病人设计的产品。
3．Once he got lost in the city and !
有一次他在城里迷了路，花了整整一天才找到他！
have read
designed for
it took a whole day to find him
4．He started by drawing his ideas, and then he____________________________
.
他先把自己的想法画出来，然后他想到了如何给这个设备供电。
5． and caring grandson!
多么有用的发明和体贴的孙子！
thought about how to power the
What a useful invention
device
Step 3 过关键信息[判断正(T)误(F)]
1．The socks are designed for ordinary people. ( )
2．The socks were invented by an American student. ( )
3．Kenneth and his grandfather came up with the idea at night. ( )
4．The device created by Kenneth was very small. ( )
5．When touching the floor, the socks can send a warning to the mobile phone. ( )
F
T
F
T
T
Step 4 过文意理解(听力填空)
请根据所听到的内容，完成下列题目(每空最多填3个词)。该对话听两遍。
How does
Kenneth invent the socks？ Kenneth's grandfather has Alzheimer's disease.Once Kenneth's grandfather ① in the city and it took Kenneth a whole day ② him.One night, Kenneth was looking after his grandfather and saw his grandfather ③ bed and step on the floor.It was at that time that he ④ the idea of the special socks.
got lost
to find
get out of
came up with
How do the socks work？ When a patient‘s feet wearing ⑤ touch the floor, the socks can sense an increase of ⑥ .And then a ⑦ is send to the ⑧ of his family.His family can know what the patient is doing.
续表
the socks
pressure
warning
mobile phones
What a great pity you missed the lecture again!
你又一次错过了讲座，真是太遗憾了！
What interesting books you've bought us!
你给我们买的书真有趣！
What great fun surfing on the Internet!
在网上冲浪真是太有趣了！
训练为重——能力提升多听说
一、听力仿真训练
Ⅰ.听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．When was the compass invented in China
A．In the 10th century.
B．In the 11th century.
C．In the 12th century.
2．What are the speakers talking about
A．Teaching methods.
B．English culture.
C．Online learning.
3．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．A car company.
B．A new technology.
C．Driverless cars.
4．How does the woman feel about cloning
A．Amazed. B．Worried. C．Disappointed.
5．How does the man probably feel on hearing the news
A．Angry. B．Nervous. C．Surprised.
Ⅱ.听下面2段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．How long did it take to get to Nanjing before
A．2 hours. B．15 hours. C．1 hour.
7．Why did the man come to China
A．To have a trip.
B．To work as a teacher.
C．To visit a university.
8．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．On a train.
B．At a ticket office.
C．In a waiting room.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．What does the woman think of the Four Inventions
A．Simple. B．Important. C．Funny.
10．Where are probably the two speakers
A．In an exhibition hall.
B．In a theater.
C．In a store.
11．What can we learn from the conversation
A．Bill Gates is the inventor of the windows system.
B．The man thinks highly of the inventions.
C．Every inventor made much of money.
答案： 1～5 BCABC 6～11 ABCBAA
?加练新题型
听力填空(再听第7段材料两遍，完成下面表格)
What are the Four Great Inventions？ Gunpowder，
① ,papermaking and
② .
Who invented the Windows system？ ③_________
Did the ancient inventors make a lot of money out of the four great inventions？ ④ ,they didn't.
compass
printing
Bill Gates
No
听力材料：
(Text 1)
W: Is the compass one of your great inventions in China
M: Yes.①The compass was invented in China in the year 1,044.It was mainly used to help sailors to find directions while they were sailing on the sea.
(Text 2)
M: ②I've found that many people like to study English on the Internet.How about you
W: Well, as a matter of fact, I just start taking some courses.It is a good way to improve English.
(Text 3)
M: Take a look at this! ③“Waymo, the self-driving technology company, is coming to Shanghai ...”
W: ③Wow, I have heard about the company, which is experienced in developing driverless cars.
M: I'm thinking what change it will bring to China.
(Text 4)
M: What do you think of cloning
W: No doubt it's a great invention, ④but if it's not properly handled, it may have some side-effects.
M: What do scientists say about it
W: They also have different opinions.
(Text 5)
M: What's the headline today
W: That company launches its own mobile operating system.
M: ⑤I can't believe that.It's really a big breakthrough in technology.
(Text 6)
M: Excuse me, do you mind if I sit here
W: Of course not.Go ahead.
M: Thanks.
W: Where are you going
M: ⑥I'm on my way to Nanjing.It is said that it only takes one and a half hours to get there now.It saves passengers half an hour.
W: Yeah, it is because of the use of Fuxing bullet trains.They can reach 350km/h.
M: Wow! That's really amazing! Are you going to Nanjing, too
W: No, I'm going to Hangzhou.
M: Really I've been told many times that it's a very beautiful place, but I've never been there since I came to China two years ago.
W: Yes, it is really worth visiting.Are you American or English
M: Well, actually, ⑦I come from Canada and I was invited by a Chinese university to teach western culture.⑧Oh, it's time for my train.Nice talking with you.
W: Goodbye! Have a good trip!
(Text 7)
W: ⑩There are so many people that the tickets are all sold out.
M: Luckily we got the last two.
W: ⑩Look, Robert.The Four Great Inventions.
M: Gunpowder, compass, papermaking and printing.
W: I really admire those who made such great inventions.
M: Mary, I don't see why they are great.They are just simple things.
W: They look simple today.⑨But they are milestones in their times.
M: Milestones Mary, you must be kidding.
W: Just think of Bill Gates.Those inventions are as important as the Windows system.
M: Well, I suppose the ancient inventors made a lot of money out of them.
W: No, quite the contrary.
M: Why Didn't you say that they are milestones
W: Yes, but they went to the public without any patent protection.
M: Well, their inventors were not as lucky as Bill Gates.
二、口语交际训练
Ⅰ.补全对话
W: Hi, Tom.What are you doing
M: Hello.1. (我正在读一本关于发明的书)．
W: Great.Tom.Can you name some foreign inventors
M: I know Thomas Edison.
W: Do you know what he invented
M: He invented lamps 2. (能为整个世界带来光明)．
I'm reading a book about inventions
which bring light to the whole world
W: Do you know what else he invented
M: For example, telegraphic machine, gramophone, telephone.
W: Wow.3. (他真伟大)！By the way, among Edison's inventions, which one do you like
M: 4. (我喜欢他发明的电影)．People can lively appear in the screen.What about you
W: I like his electric bulb.5. (它太有用了)．Can you imagine how colorful our night life is with it
M: You are right.
How great he is
I like films that he invented
It's so useful
Ⅱ.Science is a hot topic which has been being talked about nowadays. Millions of people are working hard to make great breakthroughs in the science field and have made great contributions to the world. They have won great honour and worldwide respect.
What qualities should a scientist have
Information：1.Devotion(奉献)
2．Knowledge(知识)
3．Exploration(探索)
4．Innovation(创新)
5．Selflessness(无私)
6．...
Talk about science spirits according to your own understanding.
参考答案：
Science is of great value to the social development, as we students all know clearly. What qualities should a scientist have
Firstly, scientific knowledge, which enables us to do and make all kinds of things, is elementary. We students should learn not only from the textbooks but also learn from our practice. Besides, devotion is a necessity for scientific research. Only by devoting to science can we continue the scientific work, overcoming all kinds of difficulties on the way to success. Innovation is another quality, helping us get rid of the barriers from traditional thoughts. As a scientist, one should be selfless and fearless, taking everything into consideration, even money or illness. All the scientists stick to their dreams and make every effort in their research field ...
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（二）”
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