2024届高考英语语法复习：状语从句 连词课件(共26张PPT)

(共26张PPT)
并列连词: 连接两个简单句，而非从句
并列关系 转折对比关系
and but/although
both…and… yet
not only…but also however
neither…nor… nevertheless
as well as while
选择的并列关系 因果关系
or for/because
either…or… so/therefore/hence
口诀：fanboys
何为从句？简单来说，用一个句子来做句子中的某个成分，就称为那个成分的从句。
主语从句就是用一个句子做主语，宾语从句就一个句子做宾语，依此类推。
当某个成分需要一套主谓来表达的时候，它就成为了从句，成为从句的方式是带上从属连词，句子本身还可以带有一定的“性质”。
例如：它可以是交代一个事物（名词性），可以描述一个东西（形容词性），可以交代某个背景（副词词性）。
当从句交代一个事物的时候，它就是名词性从句，例如主从、宾从、表从；
当从句描述一个东西的时候，它就是形容词性从句，即定语从句；
当从句交代某个背景的时候，它就是副词性从句，即状语从句。
四大实词名词、动词、形容词、副词中只有谓语没有从句，这同样是因为英文中“谓语为王”，它是不可替代的。
状语从句复习
Unit 3 Using language
分类 引导词
时间 状语从句 when/while/as (当……时), before (在……之前), after (在……之后), since (自从 ……以来), not … until (直到……才), as soon as (一……就……), as (一边……一边……), no sooner … than…, hardly/scarcely … when … (一……就……)
地点 状语从句 where (……的地方), wherever (无论哪里)
条件 状语从句 if (如果), as/so long as (只要), unless (除非), in case (以防, 万一)
原因 状语从句 because (因为), for(因为)，in that（因为，在于） since (既然), now that(既然)， as (由于)
从属连词
分类 引导词
目的 状语从句 so that (以便, 为了), in order that (为了), in case (以防, 免得)
结果 状语从句 so … that / such … that (如此……以至于)
让步 状语从句 though/although/while (尽管, 虽然), even though/if (即使),
whether … or … (不管……还是……), whatever (无论什么), whenever (无论何时), wherever (无论哪里)
比较 状语从句 than (比……), as … as (和……一样), not as/so … as (不如……)
方式 状语从句 as if/though (好像, 似乎)， as (按照)
从属连词
定义：状语从句在句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。
状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号分开；放在主句之后，一般不用逗号。状语从句根据其句中表达的不同功能，可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句和比较状语从句，共9种。
1. 时间状语从句
(1) when引导的时间状语从句，主句是一般将来时或祈使句，表示将来的意义时，从句通常用现在时。(简称 “主将从现” “主祈从现” )
e.g. When he comes here, I will call you.
Stop bothering me when I’m working.
while引导的时间状语从句表示正在发生某事的同时，另一件事发生了或正在发生。多用进行时态，主句时态视情况而定。
e.g. While the teacher is speaking, I am listening carefully.
(2) as soon as引导的时间状语从句，主、从句的时态：
① 主将从现。
e.g. I’ll tell him the news as soon as he arrives.
② 主、从句同为过去时。
e.g. As soon as he got home, he threw his bag on the sofa.
(3) until/till引导的时间状语从句
① 主句为肯定句：谓语动词必须是延续性动词，表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。
e.g. I’ll wait for you till/until you come to see me.
②主句为否定句：谓语动词是非延续性动词, 常用句式 not … until “直到……才”。表否定意义的词还有never, nothing等。
e.g. I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework.
(4) since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时。
即… have done … since sb. did … “自从某人做了……一直……”;
It is + 一段时间 + since sb. did… “(自从) 做某事有…… (多久)”。
e.g. I have worked in this school since I graduated from Peking University.
It is 10 years since I began to study English.
___________ I opened the door, I found everything was gone.
My mother was cooking _____________ I was reading.
She didn’t leave Paris _______________ she retired.
It was 20 years since they __________________ (marry).
_____________ he arrives, I’ll tell him.
Think first ___________ you lose patience with someone you love.
until, till, when, before, while, as soon as
When
while
till/until
married
As soon as
before
2. 地点状语从句
地点状语从句常由where, wherever等引导，置于句首、句中或句末
e.g. Where there is a will, there is a way.
Stay where you are and don’t move.
Put it wherever we can see it.
1) When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _____________ you have any questions.
2) You’d better not leave the medicine ____________ kids can get at it.
3) In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help ______________ there is human suffering.
where, wherever
where
where
wherever
3. 条件状语从句
(1) 时态: 主句为一般将来时或含有情态动词，从句用一般现在时。
e.g. I’ll visit the Great Wall if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
We can’t pass the exam unless we study hard.
(2) “祈使句, + and/or + 陈述句”中，祈使句在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。
e.g. Use your head, and you’ll find a way.
= If you use your head, you’ll find a way.
(3) if是最常用的引导条件状语从句的连词，它表达的假设既可以是真实的条件，也可以是虚拟的条件。
e.g. If everyone does his part, the project will surely be a success.
If I were you, I wouldn’t go without saying goodbye.
(4) unless 意为 “如果不, 除非”, 相当于if … not …。
e.g. Unless you make up your mind, I won’t be able to help you.
(5) so/as long as, on condition that 意为 “只要”。
e.g. So long as you run the marathon, you have the chance of winning a medal.
I will do it on condition that you help me.
(6) in case 意为 “以防，万一”, 引导的从句为主句的动作提供假设或理由。
e.g. You’d better have a snack in case there is no time to eat later.
1) The medicine works more effectively __________ you drink some hot water after taking it.
A. as B. until C. although D. if
2) My parents don’t mind what job I do ___________ I am happy.
A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though
3) All the dishes in this menu, ___________ otherwise stated, will serve two to three people.
A. as B. if C. though D. unless
4) Give me a chance, ___________ I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.
A. if B. or C. and D. while
5) You are certain to live your dream __________ you make great efforts and lay emphasis on improvements in efficiency.
A. on condition that B. as far as C. even though D. in case
6)—John went to the hospital alone.
—If he __________________ (tell) me about it, I ____________________ (go) with him.
had told would have gone
4. 原因状语从句
(1) 通常用because, since, as 引导原因状语从句。回答why提出的问题用because。(语气强烈程度： because> since>as )
e.g. I didn’t go to the movies because I have to finish my report.
(2) 如果原因是人们已知的事实，就要用since “既然”引导。
e.g. Since you can’t answer the question, you can ask someone else for help.
(3) for也可以表示原因，属并列连词，不是说明主要原因，而是对某种情况加以推断，用于表示补充说明理由，不能位于句首。
e.g. He must be ill, for he is absent today.
1) ________ you’re got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as
2) He can’t have gone out, ________ the light is still on.
A. because　 B. since　 C. as　　　 D. for
3) Criticism and self-criticism is necessary __________ it helps us to correct our mistakes.
A. so B. however C. therefore D. in that
4) Parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses ________ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.
A. because B. though C. unless D. if
5) Mark needs to learn Chinese ________ his company is opening a branch in Beijing.
A. unless B. until C. although D. since
6) — Coach, can I continue with the training
— Sorry, you can’t ________ you haven’t recovered from the knee injure.
A. until B. before C. as D. unless
5. 目的状语从句
(1) 引导词(组): so that, in order that等。从句谓语中常含有may, can, must, will等情态动词。
e.g. He must get up early so that he can go to work on time.
(2) 当主、从句的主语一致时，从句可用 “so as to/in order to + 动词原型”代替。
e.g. He worked day and night in order that he could succeed.
= He worked day and night in order to succeed.
1) Roses need special care _________ they can live through winter.
A. because B. so that C. even if D. As
2) You must improve your study method __________ you may make progress in your studies.
A. so as to B. in order to C. so D. in order that
3) Speak to him slowly ____________ he may understand you better.
A. since B. so that C. for D. because
4) The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ___________ they need medical assistance.
A. if only B. as if C. even though D. in case
6. 结果状语从句
(1) 如此……以致于……
so + 形容词 / 副词 + that
such + a / an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + that
such + 形容词 + 复数可数名词/不可数名词 + that
so + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词 + that
当名词前面有many或much修饰时，用so而不用such。
e.g. He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school. =
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
We have so much time that we can finish the work very well.
(2) so … that 句型的否定形式可用too … to … 或 not … enough to构成的简单句代替。
e.g. He is so young that he can’t go to school.
= He is too young to go to school.
= He is not old enough to go to school.
1) He has _________ little education _________ he is unable to find a job.
2) He left in _________ a hurry _________ he forgot to lock the door.
3) It was ___________________（如此大的房间）that a hundred people looked lost in it.
so that
such that
so large a room/
such a large room
7. 让步状语从句
(1) although, though, even if/though都作 “虽然，尽管”讲。
e.g. He will never tell you the truth even if he knows it.
The old woman is unhappy though she has a lot of money.
(2) as引导让步状语从句时，把表语提前构成倒装，通常可换成though。作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需要省去。
e.g. Young as/though she is, she knows so much about life.
(3) whether … or … “不管…….还是……”
e.g. Whether we can go or not, you guarantee to finish your homework.
(4) whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however和 “no matter + what/who/where/when/how” 都可以引导让步状语从句，可以互换
e.g. Whatever/No matter what happened, he would not mind.
_______________you believe it ___________ not, it is true.
2) Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _________________（即使）they knew it to be valuable.
3) Though _______________ (warn) of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice
4) Hot ___________ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
5) —Dad, I’ve finished my assignment.
—Good, and ___________ you play or watch TV, you mustn’t disturb me.
6) ____________ she was a woman, ___________ she was very brave.
A. Though; / B. Though; but C. But; though D. /; though
Whether or
even if /even though
warned
as
whether
8. 比较状语从句
比较状语从句常由 as … as …(和……一样), not so/as … as … (不如……那样……), than (比)引导。
e.g. You are as tall as your father (is).
9. 方式状语从句
方式状语从句通常由as if/though(好像, 似乎), as (按照)引导。
e.g. It looks as if it is going to rain.
Use a book as a bee does a flower.
1) Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _________ he had done something very clever.
2) The deeper you dive, the ____________ (low) temperature becomes.
3) The ______________ (much) books you read, the __________________ (interesting) your life is.
as if
lower
more
more interesting