2024届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：名词和主谓一致综合训练（A卷）
1.I have to make a __________(complain) about the poor quality of food and service in your restaurant.
2.Practicing handwriting is of great ________ (significant) to the students' growth.
3.Now I am writing to apply for a position working as a teaching _____________ (assist).
4.In order to have a good _______(perform), I have made good preparations for it.
5.For your safety sake, please do warm activities before you take part in the formal exercise under the ____________(guide) of the coach.
6.With many forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth __________ (be) being washed away each year.
7.One loses by pride and _______ (gain) by modesty.
8.Not only Tom and Mary but also I ________ (be) fond of watching television.
9.Either you or one of your students ________(be) to attend the meeting tomorrow.
10.It is said that poor food _________(arrest) the natural growth of children.
11. One of the joys in life visually impaired(受损的) people cannot experience ①_____(convenient) might be reading, but a new bookstore that officially opened on Dec 3 has made that possible. ②_____(locate) at 226 Nanchang Road in Shanghai, the Niguang 226 bookstore is a 37-square-meter space designed specially for such ③_____(individual). The new store offers more than 300 braille(盲文) books by Chinese and foreign authors, barrier-free movies ④_____ even traditional Chinese paintings made by people with physical challenges. To help the visually impaired find their way to the store, special paths ⑤_____(extend) from Nanchang Road to Niguang 226 have been laid. The lamp posts outside the store have also been decorated ⑥_____ braille street signs. To ensure the ⑦_____(safe) of its visitors, Niguang 226 has no sharp corners. In addition, the store has an accessible reading corner that ⑧_____(equip) with an electronic visual aid device that can help colorblind people to read. Many of the barrier-free facilities in the bookstore were included following suggestions by Han Ying, honorary store manager, ⑨_____ lost her vision due to illness. There are currently seven members working at the bookstore, including Han and her guide dog. The other five ⑩_____(be) two visually impaired and three able-bodied employees.
12. Many people around the world may know that paper is one of the Four Great Inventions of ancient Chinese civilization, ①_____ few would know that more than 1,500 years ago, ancient Chinese craftsmen invented a new type of paper, ②____ was called Xuan paper and used mainly for writing and painting.
Xuan paper was first made in ancient Xuan Prefecture, now ③_____(know) as Jingxian County in Anhui Province. The traditional process of making Xuan paper is ④_____(extreme) demanding and involves over 100 steps. The whole process can take as long as two years ⑤_____(complete), and the skills have been passed down for ⑥_____(generation).
Xuan paper is highly water absorbent, making it a perfect medium for conveying artistic effect in both Chinese calligraphy and ink wash painting. In addition, Xuan paper ⑦_____(design) to be able to last for more than 1,000 years and still keep the freshness of the ink and color on it.
Today, in Jingxian County, there ⑧_____(be) many Xuan paper factories and workshops, where the paper is still made by master craftsmen using traditional techniques. And because of ⑨_____(it) long history and the essential role it has played ⑩_____ the culture of Chinese painting and calligraphy, Xuan paper was included on the first list of China's national intangible cultural heritages(非物质文化遗产) in 2006.
答案以及解析
1.答案：complaint
解析： 所给词complain是动词，设空前有不定冠词a修饰，应用名词complaint作动词make的宾语，make a complaint about"就……提出投诉"。故填complaint。
2.答案：significance
解析： 所给词significant是形容词，设空前有形容词great修饰，应用名词significance作介词of的宾语；"be of+抽象名词"相当于"be+该抽象名词所对应的形容词"， be of great significance=be very significant，表示"意义重大的"。故填significance。
3.答案：assistant
解析： 所给词assist为动词，设空前有a teaching修饰，根据句意应填单数名词assistant，指"助理；助手"，a teaching assistant"教学助理；助教"。故填assistant。
4.答案：performance
解析：所给词perform为动词，设空前有a good修饰，应用单数名词performance作动词have的宾语。故填performance。
5.答案：guidance
解析： 定冠词the通常加在名词前面，guide的名词形式是guidance，意为"指导；引导"，不可数名词。故填guidance。
6.答案：are
解析：考查主谓一致。句意:随着许多森林正在被破坏,每年大量的优质土壤被冲走。huge quantities of good earth作主语,谓语动词的数应该与quantities保持一致,即谓语动词用复数形式。故填are。
7.答案：gains
解析：考查主谓一致。句意:骄傲必有所失,谦逊必有所得。and连接并列的成分,因此设空处应与loses保持一致。此处gain意为"获得(好处)",作不及物动词。故填gains。
8.答案：am
解析： 考查主谓一致。句意:不仅汤姆和玛丽,我也喜欢看电视。not only… but also连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与靠近的主语一致,即就近原则。故此处根据主语I决定谓语动词填am。故填am。
9.答案：is
解析：要么你要么你的学生中的一个要参加明天的会议。either...or..., or, neither...nor..., not only...but also..., not...but...等连接的并列名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的人称和数与最靠近谓语动词的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致,即遵循"就近原则"。故填is。
10.答案：arrests
解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：据说不良的食物会阻碍儿童的自然发育。分析句式结构并结合句意可知，本句是一般现在时，从句中缺少谓语动词，且从句的主语food是不可数名词，为第三人称单数，所以空格处应该用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填arrests。
11.答案：①conveniently②Located③individuals④and⑤extending⑥with⑦safety⑧is equipped⑨who⑩are
解析：①考查副词。句意:视障人士无法方便地体验到的生活乐趣之一可能是阅读,但12月3日正式开业的一家新书店让这成为可能。此处修饰动词experience,应用副词形式。故填conveniently。
②考查过去分词。句意:逆光226书店位于上海南昌路226号,占地37平方米,是专门为这些人设计的。此处为非谓语动词作状语,动词locate和逻辑主语the Niguang 226 bookstore之间是被动关系,此处应用过去分词作状语,首字母应大写。故填Located。
③考查可数名词的复数。句意:逆光226书店位于上海南昌路226号,占地37平方米,是专门为这些人设计的。此处用名词作for的宾语,individual表示"个人",为可数名词,此处应用名词复数形式表示泛指。故填individuals。
④考查连词。句意:这家新店提供300多本中外作者的盲文书籍,无障碍电影,甚至还有残疾人创作的传统中国画。结合句意可知,空前后是并列关系,应用连词and连接。故填and。
⑤考查现在分词。句意:为了帮助视障人士找到通往商店的路,从南昌路延伸到逆光226书店的特殊路径已经铺设。此处为非谓语动词作定语,动词extend和paths之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词作后置定语。故填extending。
⑥考查介词。句意:商店外的灯柱上也装饰着盲文街道标志。结合句意而开展,此处指"用盲文街道标志装饰",用介词with。故填with。
⑦考查不可数名词。句意:为了确保游客的安全,逆光226书店里没有尖角。结合句意和the可知,此处用名词形式,safety表示"安全",为不可数名词。故填safety。
⑧考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:此外,该店还有一个无障碍阅读角,配备了电子视觉辅助设备,可以帮助色盲人士阅读。结合句意可知,此处在讲述客观事实,句子用一般现在时,主语that指代先行词reading corner,谓语动词用三单形式,且和动词equip之间是被动关系。故填is equipped。
⑨考查定语从句。句意:书店里的许多无障碍设施都是根据因病失明的名誉店长韩颖的建议设置的。此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Han Ying,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who。故填who。
⑩考查时态和主谓一致。句意:另外五人是两名视障人士和三名身体健全的员工。结合全文时态可知,此处是介绍书店的情况,应用一般现在时,主语The other five"另外五个人",谓语动词用复数形式。故填are。
12.答案：①but/while②which③known④extremely⑤to complete⑥generations⑦is designed⑧are⑨its⑩in
解析：①考查连词。句意:世界各地很多人都知道纸是中国古代文明的四大发明之一,但很少有人知道,一千五百多年前,中国古代工匠发明了一种新型的纸,叫做宣纸,主要用于书写和绘画。结合空处前"Many people around the world may know..."及空后"few would know that..."内容可知,空后句子和前文构成转折对比关系,所以空处填连词but或while。故填but/while。
②考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知,空处及之后的内容在句中为非限制性定语从句,先行词为a new type of paper,指物,在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which。故填which。
③考查非谓语。句意:宣纸最初产于古代宣州府,现在在安徽省被称为泾县。分析可知,was made是句子谓语动词,提示词know"将……称为;把……叫做"是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语Xuan Prefecture之间是被动关系,用过去分词作后置定语;be known as"作为……而闻名"。故填known。
④考查副词。句意:制作宣纸的传统工艺要求极高,需要100多个步骤。修饰形容词demanding用副词extremely,意为"极度,非常"。故填extremely。
⑤考查不定式。句意:整个过程可能需要长达两年的时间才能完成,而且这些技能已经代代相传。固定句式:It takes+时间+ to do sth."做某事花了多少时间",所以空处填不定式to complete。故填to complete。
⑥考查名词复数。句意同上。结合前文pass down,可知此处指这些技能已经世代相传。For generations"世世代代"。故填generations。
⑦考查时态和语态。句意:另外,宣纸的设计使其能够使用1000多年,并且仍然保持油墨和颜色的清新。空处在句中为谓语,结合前文"Xuan paper is highly water absorbent"可知,时态用一般现在时;句子主语Xuan paper为单数含义,与动词design为动宾关系,所以语态用被动语态。故填is designed。
⑧考查主谓一致。句意:如今在安徽省泾县,有许多宣纸工厂和作坊,那里仍然有大师级的工匠使用传统技术制造纸张。结合today可知,时态为一般现在时;本句使用了there be结构,系动词和主语many Xuan paper factories一致,用复数are。故填are。
⑨考查形容词性物主代词。句意:由于其悠久的历史和在中国书画文化中所发挥的重要作用,宣纸于2006年被列入中国第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。根据句意,提示词作定语,用形容词性物主代词修饰名词history。故填its。
⑩考查介词。句意同上。分析可知,"it has played _____ the culture of Chinese painting"为定语从句,修饰名词role,短语:play a role in"在……起作用",所以空处用介词in。故填in。
22024届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：名词和主谓一致综合训练（B卷）
1.A furnished room or house is available to be rented together with all sorts of__________(furnish) in it.
2.When a small amount of blood is taken out from a donor, the body will make quick _____________(adjust) to it.
3.Her words were a great ___________(encourage) to them.
4.To my parents' _________(satisfy), he got the highest marks in the exam.
5.Instead of being offered the job, he received a ___________ (reject) letter.
6.In front of the village _________ (lie) a stream.
7.English _____ (view) as a tool of international communication.
8.Even worse, the amount of fast food that people eat _____(go) up.
9.You _____ (write) the whole morning. You should stop and have a break.
10.Not only the students but also the teacher________ (wish) for a holiday.
11. The history of siheyuan (courtyard house) in Beijing can be traced back to more than 800 years ago ①_____ Beijing established its status as the capital city. As a kind of traditional Chinese relic, siheyuan represents the ②_____(capital) architectural style.
Siheyuan is a closed rectangular space with a courtyard in the center. It ③_____(surround) by four houses: the main room, the opposite room, an eastern-wing house and a western-wing house. The housing arrangement is ④_____(total) based on the rules of hierarchical system, which aims to keep the order of the family members' status. The principal house facing the south is inhabited by the head of the family, and his or her ⑤_____(old) son lives in the eastern-wing house, which is believed to be superior ⑥_____ the western-wing house. Usually, the opposite house is given to servants and other members. Undoubtedly, siheyuan is a mirror of Chinese culture, ⑦_____(reflect) the sense of belonging in the mind of Chinese people. All the gates are printed red, ⑧_____ symbol of luck in China.
Indeed, ⑨_____(know) more about Chinese culture and traditions, visiting siheyuan ⑩_____(be) a smart choice for you. Staying in a siheyuan, learning how to make dumplings and enjoying a local Chinese life, you will get an unforgettable experience here.
12. I was recently fortunate enough to have the opportunity to travel to Suzhou in Jiangsu Province. As ①_____ amateur student of history, I have always been fascinated with this incredible city and had ②_____ (extreme) high expectations.
Upon landing and heading to my hotel, I began to wonder what the scenery around my hotel would be like. The following few days ③_____(find) me floating down the ancient canals in the "Old Town" district of Suzhou, visiting its gorgeous and historic gardens，④_____(explore) the many markets of the city and taking advantage of every opportunity I could to eat favorable Suzhou cuisine. I found myself ⑤_____(overwhelm) by the infectious energy that surges through the city. This "energy of Suzhou" is represented best by its people. Suzhou people have enormous respect for ⑥_____ (they) city's history, while also having an innovative eye on the future. Suzhou served ⑦_____ a key trading hub for much of China's history, drawing in scholars, engineers ⑧_____ merchants from all over the country for thousands of years.
The entirety of Suzhou ⑨_____ (be) a true treasure of China that t manages the difficult balance of innovation and preservation. I eagerly await what extraordinary ⑩_____ (accomplish) it will surely achieve next.
答案以及解析
1.答案：furniture
解析： 分析句子可知此处指"家具"，应用名词furniture, furniture是不可数名词。故填furniture。
2.答案：adjustments
解析： make adjustments to sth.调整以适应，是固定搭配。故填adjustments。
3.答案：encouragement
解析： 考查词性转换。句意：她的话对他们是一种很大的鼓舞。encouragement意为"鼓舞，鼓励"。故填encouragement。
4.答案：satisfaction
解析： to one's satisfaction令某人满意的是，是固定搭配。故填satisfaction。
5.答案：rejection
解析： 考查名词。句意：他非但没有得到那份工作，反而收到了拒绝信。分析前文语境" Instead of being offered the job(而不是得到这份工作)"可知，"他"并没有得到这份工作，而是被拒绝。" reject"，动词意为"拒绝"，其名词形式为" rejection(拒绝)"，可作定语修饰空后名词"letter信)"。" a rejection letter"，意为"拒绝信"，符合语境表达。故填 rejection。
6.答案：lies
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：村子前面有一条小溪。结合句意可知，此处表一般事实的陈述，用一般现在时即可，表地点的介词短语In front of the village放句首，使用全部倒装结构；设空处在句中为谓语，其主语为后面的a stream，单数形式，故用lies。故填lies。
7.答案：is viewed
解析：考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：英语被视为国际交流的工具。"某物被认为是"是sth.be viewed as，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语English是专有名词，为单数，因此be动词用is。故填is viewed。
8.答案：goes
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：更糟糕的是，人们吃快餐的数量增加了。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语"the amount of fast food"是单数概念，因此空格处用第三人称单数。故填goes。
9.答案：have been writing
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：你整个上午都在写。你应该停下来休息一下。由"the whole morning. You should stop and have a break""可知，"写"这个动作从过去一直持续到现在，且还有可能继续下去，因此句子时态用现在完成进行时，即have/has been doing,主语 You 是第二人称，因此空格处是have been writing。故填have been writing。
10.答案：wishes
解析：考查就近原则。句意：学生们和老师都希望有一个假期。分析句子可知，该句子为not only ...but also(不但……而且)连接两个主语。此时谓语动词的数遵循就近原则。teacher为第三人称单数，且为一般现在时。故填wishes。
11.答案：①when②capital's③is surrounded④totally⑤eldest⑥to⑦reflecting⑧a⑨to know⑩is
解析：①考查定语从句。句意:北京四合院的历史可以追溯到800多年前,当时北京确立了首都的地位。修饰先行词more than 800 years ago,作定语从句Beijing established its status as the capital city的时间状语,关系词用when。故填when。
②考查名词所有格。句意:作为一种中国传统文物,四合院代表了这个首都的建筑风格。修饰名词architectural style,表示所属关系,用capital的所有格形式。故填capital's。
③考查时态和语态。句意:它被四座房屋包围:主厅、对厅、东翼楼和西翼楼。前后时态一致,所以本句用一般现在时;由于谓语动词surround和主语it构成被动关系,所以谓语动词用is surrounded。故填is surrounded。
④考查副词。句意:住房安排完全基于等级制度的规则,旨在维持家庭成员地位的秩序。修饰动词based,用total的副词形式。故填totally。
⑤考查最高级。句意:朝南的主屋由户主居住,他或她的长子住在东翼屋,据信东翼屋优于西翼屋。根据句意可知这里指"最年长的儿子",所以用old的最高级eldest。故填eldest。
⑥考查固定短语。句意:朝南的主屋由户主居住,他或她的长子住在东翼屋,据信东翼屋优于西翼屋。表示"优先于",用固定短语be superior to。故填to。
⑦考查现在分词。句意:毫无疑问,四合院是中国文化的一面镜子,反映了中国人心中的归属感。作伴随状语,和主语siheyuan构成主动关系,用reflect的现在分词形式。故填reflecting。
⑧考查冠词。句意:所有的大门都印成红色,它是中国文化里幸运的象征。修饰名词symbol,表示"一个",用不定冠词a。故填a。
⑨考查动词不定式。句意:事实上,为了更多地了解中国文化和传统,参观四合院对你来说是一个明智的选择。作目的状语,用know的动词不定式形式。故填to know。
⑩考查主谓一致。句意:事实上,为了更多地了解中国文化和传统,参观四合院对你来说是一个明智的选择。前后时态一致,本句用一般现在时;因为主语是动名词visiting siheyuan,所以系动词用is。故填is。
12.答案：①an②extremely③found④exploring⑤overwhelmed⑥their⑦as⑧and⑨is⑩accomplishments
解析：①考查冠词。此处泛指"一名业余的历史(专业)学生"，应用不定冠词；且amateur是读音以元音音素开头的单词，其前应用an。故填an。
②考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰形容词"high"。故填extremely。
③考查动词的时态。文章主体陈述过去发生的事情，此处应用一般过去时。故填found。
④考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用现在分词exploring与"floating""visiting"和"taking"并列，在句中作宾语补足语。故填exploring。
⑤考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词，此处应用非谓语动词，动词overwhelm与逻辑主语"myself"之间构成动宾关系，此处应用其过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填overwhelmed。
⑥考查代词。此处应用形容性物主代词修饰"city's history"。故填their。
⑦考查介词。serve as为固定搭配，意为"充当，担任"。故填 as。
⑧考查连词。此处表示吸引了来自全国各地的学者、工程师和商人，此处是并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
⑨考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处表示整个苏州是中国真正的瑰宝，在创新与(文化)保护之间维持着艰难的平衡。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语"The entirety of Suzhou"强调整体概念，根据"意义一致原则"可知，be动词应用 is。故填 is。
⑩考查词性转换和名词的数。分析句子结构可知，形容词extraordinary后应接名词。accomplishment意为"成就，成绩"，是可数名词，因空格前无冠词修饰，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。故填accomplishments。
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