2024届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题七 考点09 动词的时态和语态（B卷）
1.Starbucks, which is one of the largest coffeehouse chains across the globe, ________(keep) its stores open on all major holidays.
2.It is said that poor food _________(arrest)the natural growth of children.
3.The little boy ________ (pretend) to be doing his homework when his mother came into his room.
4.Conditions are getting worse and supplies are _____ (run)out.
5.You _____ (write)the whole morning. You should stop and have a break.
6.I _____ (mean)to see you off, but I was delayed by the jam.
7.After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it ______(decorate).
8.The Xi'an City Wall________(build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored.
9.My washing machine__________(repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
10.He told me that in the future, most films _____ (watch)on the Internet, not in cinemas.
11. I have always been a language enthusiast, especially of the languages more distant from my mother tongue (Spanish). I learned that only a year before, ①_____ new degree called Modern Languages and their Literatures, which included Chinese among three other languages, ②_____(establish) at the University of Granada. I chose to study Chinese though I didn't know a word of it.
The four years were a journey of hope and ③_____(disappoint) in equal parts. I wanted to quit several times in the third year, ④_____(see) that after two years of hard study it was impossible for me to keep a simple conversation in Chinese.
Thinking of all the ⑤_____(invest) time, I determined to finish my degree. After that, I would look for an opportunity to go to China for further study. During my study period, the one that ⑥_____(real) helped me to start speaking Chinese was the Chinese Bridge, a contest ⑦_____ which I participated with zero talent and great enthusiasm. The preparation for the contest benefited me a lot and ⑧_____(strength) my desire to improve. Thus, I graduated with honors and applied for a one-year scholarship to study Chinese in China. So in August of 2015 I arrived to Nanjing University, ⑨_____ I lived and studied for nine months. A year later, I headed to Yunnan Normal University ⑩_____(pursue) another Master's Degree in teaching Chinese to foreigners.
When I look back to my past study life, I know it was many unknown paths that took me to the right places.
答案以及解析
1.答案：keeps
解析：考查时态。句意：星巴克是全球最大的咖啡连锁店之一，在所有重大节日都开门营业。根据句意和定语从句的时态是一般现在时可知，该句子应该用一般现在时；再由主语Starbucks可知，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故填keeps。
2.答案：arrests
解析：考查时态。句意：据说不良的食物会阻碍儿童的自然发育。分析句式结构并结合句意可知，本句是一般现在时，从句中缺少谓语动词，且从句的主语food是不可数名词，为第三人称单数，所以空格处应该用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填arrests。
3.答案：pretended
解析：考查时态。句意：当小男孩的妈妈走进他的房间时，他假装正在做作业。句子中主语后缺少谓语动词，时间状语从句表示的是过去的某个时刻，谓语动词应该使用过去时。故填pretended。
4.答案：running
解析：考查时态。句意：情况越来越糟，物资也快用完了。分析句子，设空处应与前面are getting构成并列结构，现在进行时表示将来。run out为固定搭配，意为"用光，用尽"。故填running。
5.答案：have been writing
解析：考查时态。句意：你整个上午都在写。你应该停下来休息一下。由"the whole morning. You should stop and have a break""可知，"写"这个动作从过去一直持续到现在，且还有可能继续下去，因此句子时态用现在完成进行时，即have/has been doing,主语 You 是第二人称，因此空格处是have been writing。故填have been writing。
6.答案：had meant
解析：考查时态。句意：我本想给你送行，但因塞车耽搁了。mean to do sth.意为"打算做某事"，根据"but I was delayed by the jam"可知，mean这一动作发生在过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。故填had meant。
7.答案：was being decorated
解析：考查时态和语态。根据题干中的went和句意可知，这里应用过去进行时，且it与decorate之间为被动关系，故应用过去进行时的被动语态。故填was being decorated。
8.答案：was built
解析：考查时态和语态。句意：西安城墙最初是在唐代修建的，用于保护城市，现已完全修复。空处为and并列句的谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，且主语The Xi'an City Wall和build是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填was built。
9.答案：is being repaired
解析：考查时态和语态。句意:我的洗衣机本周正在维修中 ,所以我不得不手洗衣服。根据时间状语this week可知,此处表示洗衣机本周正在维修中，且My washing machine和repair之间为被动关系,应用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being repaired。
10.答案：would be watched
解析：考查时态和语态。句意：他告诉我，在未来，大多数电影将在互联网上观看，而不是在电影院。此处film与watch构成被动关系，且宾语从句中，如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要选用过去的某种时态，根据上文 in the future 可知，用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be watched。
11.答案：①a②had been established③disappointment④seeing⑤invested⑥really⑦in⑧strengthened⑨where⑩to pursue
解析：①考查冠词。句意:我了解到,就在一年前,格拉纳达大学设立了一个新的学位,名为"现代语言及其文学",其中包括汉语和其他三种语言。可数名词degree在句中表示"一个新的学位",泛指,new发音以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
②考查动词时态和语态。句意:我了解到,就在一年前,格拉纳达大学设立了一个新的学位,名为"现代语言及其文学",其中包括汉语和其他三种语言。分析句子可知,establish(设立)是宾语从句中谓语动词,与主语(a) new degree之间是被动关系,结合句中"I learned that only a year before, ..."可知,动作发生在"过去的过去",应使用过去完成时态。综上,谓语动词应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been established。
③考查名词。句意:这四年是一段充满希望和失望的旅程。提示词与hope是并列关系,应用名词disappointment,作宾语。 故填disappointment。
④考查非谓语动词。句意:大三时我曾数次想要放弃,因为经过两年的刻苦学习,我仍无法用中文进行简单的对话。根据句意可知,"(see) that after two years of hard study it was impossible for me to keep a simple conversation in Chinese."是原因状语,see是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系,所以应用现在分词表示主动。故填seeing。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意:考虑到投入的时间,我决定完成我的学位。结合句意分析句子可知,提示词作定语修饰名词time,是非谓语动词,同时与逻辑主语time之间是被动关系,表示"被投入的时间",应用过去分词形式。故填invested。
⑥考查副词。句意:在我的学习期间,真正帮助我开始说汉语的是汉语桥比赛,我以零天赋和极大的热情参加了这个比赛。根据句意,提示词修饰动词helped,应用副词really作状语,意为"真正"。故填really。
⑦考查介词。句意:在我的学习期间,真正帮助我开始说汉语的是汉语桥比赛,我以零天赋和极大的热情参加了这个比赛。分析句子可知,"which I participated with zero talent and great enthusiasm"是定语从句修饰先行词contest,关系代词which将先行词代入定语从句中作动词短语participated in的宾语,句中需要加上介词in并置于关系代词前。故填in。
⑧考查动词时态。句意:为比赛所做的准备使我受益匪浅,并加强了我提高的愿望。分析句子可知,提示词strength与谓语动词benefited是并列关系,作谓语动词,也应用一般过去时态。故填strengthened。
⑨考查定语从句。句意:所以2015年8月我来到南京大学,在那里我生活和学习了9个月。分析句子可知,空格处为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Nanjing University,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,表示"在南京大学",应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
⑩考查非谓语动词。句意:一年后,我前往云南师范大学攻读另一个对外汉语教学硕士学位。根据句意,"(pursue) another Master's Degree"是"I headed to Yunnan Normal University"的目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to pursue。
22024届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题七 考点09 动词的时态和语态（A卷）
1.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _____(be) tired of having one examination after another.
2.The classroom ________(clean) before the teacher came, so the floor and windows are very clean.
3.What surprised me most _____(be) his attitude towards his study.
4.The actors nominated are all very good. Who do you think _____(win) the best actor award this year
5.China's high-speed railways _____(grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
6.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________(trap) in the mountains for two days.
7.With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _____(wash) away each year.
8.According to my records, Mrs. Green, your order ________(deliver) last week.
9.Every possible means _____(use) to prevent pollution, but we are still facing a lot of problems.
10.I remember well that the man ______(question) by the police at that time.
11. The ox has a significant place in Chinese culture. Centuries ago, most people earned their living through farming and the ox was used ①_____(help) farm and carry heavy goods. Ancient Chinese poets and writers ②_____(frequent) described the ox in literature. In the Classic of Poetry, the oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry, the animal ③_____(mention) several times.
The ox is considered a symbol of diligence and ④_____(sincere). To this day, the phrase "the spirit of ox" still refers ⑤_____ conquering anything that may present itself as an obstacle. The spirit is highly praised and many people follow it as their work ethic(准则). When ⑥_____ comes to someone who gains a great achievement through hard work, people often use "niu", ⑦_____(mean) "awesome", to describe him or her.
Oxen seldom bully the weak or fear ⑧_____ strong. They work hard and make sacrifices. This is reflected in a poem by Lu Xun: "Headbowed, like a willing ox, I serve the children." The poem ⑨_____(imply) that Lu Xun would serve the people heart and soul and would never give in to enemies, ⑩_____ fully expresses the poet's loyalty to the people.
答案以及解析
1.答案：are
解析：考查时态。句意: 不仅是我, 而且Jane和Mary也厌倦了接二连三的考试。当主语由not only...but also...连接时, 谓语动词要和最近的主语(Jane and Mary)保持一致; 又由本句为一般性的陈述, 故本句用一般现在时。故填are。
2.答案：had been cleaned
解析： 考查时态和语态。句意:在老师来之前,教室已经被打扫了,所以地板和窗户很干净。主句主语The classroom和动词clean之间为被动关系,故用被动语态;根据句意可知,打扫教室的动作发生在老师来之前,came为一般过去时,故设空处用过去完成时。故填had been cleaned。
3.答案：was
解析：考查时态。What引导主语从句时,其谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词。his attitude表示单数概念,故谓语动词应用单数;且主语从句使用了一般过去时,因此主句也应用一般过去时。故填was。
4.答案：will win
解析：考查时态。分析句子结构可知, do you think是插入语,空处是谓语动词。又根据句意可知,应用一般将来时。故填will win。
5.答案：have grown
解析：考查时态。句意:在过去的几年里,中国的高铁已经从9,000千米发展到了25,000千米。根据题干中的时间状语in the past few years可知,句中谓语动词的时态用现在完成时，又因提示词和逻辑主语之间表示主动关系。故填have grown。
6.答案：had been trapped
解析：考查时态和语态。句意：一名救援人员冒着生命危险救了两名被困在山里两天的游客。trap指"使陷入困境"，为延续性动词，设空处为定语从句的谓语，与tourists为被动关系，应用被动语态。由for two days可知用完成时，主句谓语动词用一般过去时，故此处用过去完成时被动语态。故填had been trapped。
7.答案：are washed
解析：考查时态和语态。quantities of后接可数名词的复数或不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式。wash away与主语之间构成被动关系,且根据时间状语each year可知,此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are washed。
8.答案：was delivered
解析：考查时态和语态。句意：根据我的记录，格林夫人，你的订单上个星期就送到了。由last week可知，此处应用一般过去时，order与deliver之间为被动关系。故填was delivered。
9.答案：has been used
解析：考查时态和语态。Every possible means表示单数概念,故谓语动词应用单数;根据语境可知,此处应用现在完成时,表示对现在造成的结果或影响,且动词use与主语构成被动关系,所以应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been used。
10.答案：was being questioned
解析：考查时态和语态。考查过去进行时的被动语态。根据时间状语 at that time可知，这里应用过去进行时，且 the man和question之间为被动关系，故用过去进行时的被动语态。 故填was being questioned。
11.答案：①to help②frequently③was mentioned④sincerity⑤to⑥it⑦meaning⑧the⑨implies⑩which
解析：①考查动词不定式。句意:几个世纪前,大多数人靠务农谋生,牛被用来帮助耕种和搬运重物。固定搭配be used to do sth.(被用来做某事),用动词不定式(to do)形式。故填to help。
②考查副词。句意:中国古代诗人和作家经常在文学作品中描写牛。此处用副词frequently(经常)作状语修饰动词described。故填frequently。
③考查时态和语态。句意:在现存最古老的中国诗集《诗经》中,这种动物被多次提及。此处缺乏谓语,由句意可知,事情已发生,时态用一般过去时,主语the animal和谓语动词mention是被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done),主语the animal是单数,谓语也用单数形式。故填was mentioned。
④考查名词。句意:牛被认为是勤奋和真诚的象征。a symbol of diligence and _____是名词所有格,此处用名词sincerity(真诚)与and前面的名词diligence保持一致。故填sincerity。
⑤考查固定搭配。句意:直到今天,"三牛精神"这个短语仍然是指征服任何可能成为障碍的东西。固定搭配refer to...(指……)。故填to。
⑥考查固定句型。句意:当谈到一个通过努力工作取得巨大成就的人时,人们常常用"牛"来形容他或她,意思是"棒极了"。固定句型When it comes to...(当提到……)。故填it。
⑦考查现在分词。句意:当谈到一个通过努力工作取得巨大成就的人时,人们常常用"牛"来形容他或她,意思是"棒极了"。"people often use (mean) "awesome", to describe "niu", him or her"本句已有谓语use且无连词,mean用非谓语形式,主语people和动词mean是逻辑上的主动关系,用现在分词(doing)表主动,作状语。故填meaning。
⑧考查冠词。句意:牛很少欺负弱者或害怕强者。"the +形容词"可表一类人,the strong表"强者"。故填the。
⑨考查时态。句意:这首诗寓意着鲁迅全心全意为人民服务,永不向敌人屈服,充分表达了诗人对人民的忠诚。此处缺乏谓语,由句意可知,讲的是一个事实,时态用一般现在时,主语The poem是单数,谓语也用单数形式。故填implies。
⑩考查非性定语从句。句意:这首诗寓意着鲁迅全心全意为人民服务,永不向敌人屈服,充分表达了诗人对人民的忠诚。此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是The poem,指物,在从句中作主语,用关系代词故which。故填which。
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