2024届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题一 冠词和代词综合训练（B卷）
1.Even _____ cheapest holidays require travel and other additional costs that are difficult for many families to meet.
2."Fall" as a name for the season between summer and winter came about sometime in the 1500s, which is _____ shortened version of the very poetic phrase "the fall of leaves".
3.Through the training, my daughter understands _____ value of hard work and becomes more diligent.
4.Happiness is not a station you arrive at, but _____ manner of traveling.
5.When Mom and Dad aren't at hand, over 30% of kids would like to hear _____ bedtime story from famous people like Harry Potter star Daniel Radcliffe.
6.Miss Bessie noticed things that had __________ to do with schoolwork but were vital to a youngsters development.
7._________ breaks the law should be punished.
8.As the saying goes, __________ is no use crying over spilt milk.
9.He makes _____ a rule never to borrow money.
10.You can rely on that Baker is sure to come on time and help you with your maths.
11. There is no real evidence that spending too much time online severely damages the user's life in the long term. That is not to say that there ①_____(be) no need for concern. Mental health problems represent ②_____ largest burden of disease among young people. One study ③_____(do) in ten OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries found that a quarter of all young people had a mental disorder. Even a small ④_____(add) to that number would be a bad thing. And heavy users of social media and video games often suffer from sleep deprivation (缺乏), ⑤_____ causes anxiety and other problems.
Cyberbullying (网络欺凌) is also becoming more common, though it directly affects a ⑥_____(relative) small number of children. And people on social media try to make their lives seem ⑦______(attract) than they really are, which can make some children feel left out.
It is hard to classify screen use. ⑧_____ is good for one child of a particular age may be bad for another one of a ⑨_____(differ) age. But it is clear that, particularly for younger children, it helps if parents are involved. The trouble is that children can find it hard ⑩_____(get) any attention from their parents these days because they, too, are always on their smartphones.
12. The government has awarded $5 million to three different local nonprofit organizations. The money will ①_____(distribute) over a four-year period and is aimed at helping approximately 1,000 homeless people in the county of Arvada.
One agency, ②_____(base) in Woodbridge, is expected ③_____(receive) $1.5 million. The agency director says that they will focus their resources on ④_____(educate) the homeless. "We will probably build another school-home with this money," he said. "A school-home is exactly ⑤_____ it sounds like. It is a school and a home. We have already built four school-homes throughout the county. We get the homeless off the street, ⑥_____ we educate them so they don't have to return to the street. We teach them how to be gardeners, painters, carpenters, bricklayers, electricians, and air-conditioning repairmen."
"You wouldn't believe ⑦_____ success that we have had. In fact, a couple of weeks ago, our office air-conditioning went out. My secretary called a repairman. To our surprise, the repairman ⑧_____(be) one of our first homeless students. He now owns his own air-conditioning business, plus two houses, two cars and a boat! He has a dozen employees. He's doing better than I am. He fixed our air-conditioning ⑨_____ free. I think I might sign up for the air-conditioning class ⑩_____(I). "
答案以及解析
1.答案：the
解析：句意为:即使是最便宜的假期也需要旅行和其他额外的费用,这对许多家庭来说很难支付。此处考查最高级前冠词的用法,在形容词/副词最高级前应用定冠词the。故填the。
2.答案：a
解析：句意:"Fall"作为夏冬之间的季节名称出现在16世纪的某个时候,是非常诗意的短语"the fall of leaves"的缩写。根据语境判断,表示泛指概念用不定冠词a。故填a。
3.答案：the
解析：句意:通过训练,我的女儿理解了努力学习的价值,变得更加勤奋了。语境表示特指,故用定冠词the。故填the。
4.答案：a
解析：a manner of...意为"一种……的方式",表示泛指,与前面的a station对应。故填a。
5.答案：a
解析：story是可数名词,在句中不能单独使用,此处泛指"一个睡前故事", bedtime的发音以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。故填a。
6.答案：nothing
解析：考查代词。句意为:Bessie女士注意到一些与学业无关、但对孩子的成长至关重要的事情。have nothing to do with...是固定短语,意为"与……无关"。故填nothing。
7.答案：Whoever
解析： 任何犯法的人都应该受到惩罚。should前是主语从句，从句缺少主语，故使用连接代词来引导；whoever无论谁，连接代词。故填Whoever。
8.答案：it
解析： It is no use doing sth.是一个句型,意为"做某事没有用",it是形式主语,真正的主语是动名词短语。故填it。
9.答案：it
解析：考查形式宾语。此处用it作形式宾语,指代不定式短语 never to borrow money。故填it。
10.答案：it
解析：考查形式宾语。句意：你可以相信贝克一定会准时来帮你学数学。分析句子可知，此处it充当形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面that引导的句子。故填it。
11.答案：①is②the③done④addition⑤which⑥relatively⑦more attractive⑧What⑨different⑩to get
解析：①考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这并不是说没有必要担心。本句为There be句型,描述现状,所以时态为一般现在时,主语为单数名词,故填is。
②考查冠词。句意:精神健康问题是青年人最大的疾病负担。形容词最高级前要用定冠词the,故填the。
③考查过去分词。句意:一项对十个经合组织(OECD)国家进行的研究发现,四分之一的年轻人患有精神障碍。do和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语修饰study,故填done。
④考查名词。句意:即使在这个数字上增加一点点也会是一件坏事。空格处为名词被small修饰,addition(增加),a后面名词用单数,故填addition。
⑤考查非限制性定语从句。句意:大量使用社交媒体和视频游戏的人经常会睡眠不足,这会导致焦虑和其他问题。先行词sleep deprivation在非限制性定语从句中作主语,用which引导,故填which。
⑥考查副词。句意:网络欺凌也变得越来越普遍,尽管它直接影响的儿童数量相对较少。修饰形容词,所以用副词,故填relatively。
⑦考查形容词比较级。句意:社交媒体上的人试图让他们的生活看起来比实际更有吸引力,这可能会让一些孩子感到被冷落。than前面要用形容词/副词的比较级,more attractive(更吸引人的),故填more attractive。
⑧考查主语从句。句意:对某个特定年龄的孩子有益的东西,对另一个不同年龄的孩子可能是有害的。引导词what在主语从句中作主语,表示"……的事情",故填What。
⑨考查形容词。句意:对某个特定年龄的孩子有益的东西,对另一个不同年龄的孩子可能是有害的。修饰名词,所以用形容词,故填different。
⑩考查不定式。句意:问题是,现在的孩子很难得到父母的关注,因为他们也总是在玩智能手机。it作形式宾语,所以用不定式作真正宾语,故填to get。
12.答案：①be distributed②based③to receive④educating⑤what⑥and⑦the⑧was⑨for⑩myself
解析：①考查动词时态语态。句意:这笔钱将在四年时间内分发,目的是帮助阿瓦达县大约1000名无家可归的人。分析句子可知,distribute和will构成谓语动词,与主语The money是被动关系,空前有助动词will,故用一般将来时的被动语态,故填be distributed。
②考查非谓语动词。句意:一家机构,总部在Woodbridge,预计将获得150万美元。分析句子可知,"(base) in Woodbridge"作定语,base与One agency是被动关系,故用过去分词,故填based。
③考查不定式。句意:一家机构,总部在Woodbridge,预计将获得150万美元。Be expected to do sth."被预计……",用不定式作主语补足语,故填to receive。
④考查动名词。句意:该机构负责人表示,他们将把资源集中在教育无家可归者上。介词后接动名词作宾语,故填educating。
⑤考查表语从句。句意:一所"学校之家"就是它听起来的样子。分析句子可知,空处引导表语从句,从句like是介词,缺少宾语,指物,用从属连词what引导表语从句,故填what。
⑥考查连词。句意:我们让无家可归的人离开街头,我们教育他们,这样他们就不必回到街头。根据句意并分析句子可知,空处用连词连接两个句子,前后文是顺承关系,故填and。
⑦考查冠词。句意:你不会相信我们已经取得的成功。修饰名词用冠词,根据句意此处特指"我们已经取得的成功",故填the。
⑧考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:令我们吃惊的是,那个修理工是我们第一批无家可归的学生之一。根据上文的"a couple of weeks ago"可知,此处讲述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,且主语the repairman是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数,故填was。
⑨考查介词。句意:他免费修理了我们的空调。for free"免费地"是固定短语,根据句意,故填for。
⑩考查代词。句意:我想我也可以自己报名参加空调课。分析句子并根据句意可知,空处与主语指同一人,故用反身代词作状语,故填myself。
22024届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题一 冠词和代词综合训练（A卷）
1.If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off __________ price.
2.Spending another year on what they have learned is obviously ________ waste of time and money for those students.
3.Just then I saw his cup of tea which had been lying there for _____ last ten minutes, untouched.
4.Every year, people around the world purchase roughly 526 billion bottles, and that number is on _____ increase.
5.Without _____ second thought, the old man stepped inside and held out a broken basket with several apples from his own apple tree.
6.Go on a journey and visit places of interest. In this way， you can find the culture there different from _________ of your hometown.
7.I am spending a lot of money and time on this boat, and it is worth _______.
8.Many restaurant menus include the origins of a dish, _______ it is prepared, what the main ingredients are, and which farms the ingredients come from.
9.Niki is always full of ideas, but _________ is useful or practical.
10.To stay awake to finish his papers on time, he drank a cup of tea and made _________.
11. While mothers in most families decide what the family has to eat, fathers' words are often seen as more important when it comes ①_____ major family issues, such as investment. All these details are sending ②_____ signal: Men are still in a dominant position in society, according to the ninth Global Gender Gap Report.
The report, ③_____(release) by the nonprofit organization the World Economic Forum on Oct 28th, found that although the gender gap ④_____(narrow) in the past years, men still get more opportunities in education, the economic and political worlds, and even healthcare.
It tracked the gender gaps in 1142 countries and found that in most cases, boys get more chances to go to school than girls. When they grow up, women are more ⑤_____(like) to be full- time moms with no pay and have less say in family decisions.
⑥_____ men dominate the adult world, many countries have witnessed a turning point in boys—they are losing ⑦_____(they) edge. In 2010, about 64 percent of outstanding high school students in the US were girls. About 45 developing ⑧_____(country) have more girls attending middle school than boys. Especially in China, female students account for 51.35 percent of the students in higher educational institutions.
US author Richard Whitmire once wrote that boys are more ⑨_____(easy) distracted by video games and have fewer male teachers ⑩_____(follow) at school.
12. Scientists in Japan have developed electric chopsticks ①_____ are designed to help people cut down on salt. ②_____ human bodies need salt, many people eat far too much of it, which is unhealthy. The special chopsticks use a tiny bit of electricity to make food seem ③_____(salty) than it is.
Kirin, a Japanese company that ④_____(sell) foods and drinks, worked with researchers at Miyashita Laboratory to develop the chopsticks. The chopsticks have a battery pack that can be worn on the wrist. When the tips of the chopsticks ⑤_____(put) in the mouth, a very light electric current(电流)—too small to be felt as a shock-changes the way the tongue tastes certain chemicals.
Experiments showed that ⑥_____ the chopsticks, food could have up to 30% less salt and still taste just as salty. So far Kirin hasn't made plans to sell the chopsticks, but it is looking into ⑦_____(way) the technology could be used with other eating tools, including spoons.
The electric chopsticks may have particular relevance(相关性) in Japan, where the ⑧_____(tradition) diet prefers salty tastes. The average Japanese adult uses about 10 grams of salt per day, double the standard suggested by the World Health Organization.
Too much salt intake is related to increased chance of high blood pressure, stroke and other diseases. "⑨_____(prevent) these diseases, we need to reduce the salt we take," said Kirin Miyashita and Kirin are improving ⑩_____(they) chopstick design and they hope to commercialize(商业化) them as early as next year.
答案以及解析
1.答案：the
解析：考查冠词。句意为：如果你买超过十个，他们就会把价格降低20便士。根据句意可知，此处特指买十几个物品的价钱，应用定冠词the。故填the。
2.答案：a
解析：考查冠词。句意为:对那些学生来说,再花一年时间学习他们学过的东西显然是在浪费时间和金钱。a waste of是固定搭配,意为"浪费"。故填a。
3.答案：the
解析：考查冠词。句意为:就在那时,我看到他那杯已经在那儿放了十分钟的茶,没有动过。此处表示特指,指刚过去的十分钟。故填the。
4.答案：the
解析：考查冠词。句意为:每年,全世界的人大约购买5,260亿瓶,而且这个数字还在增加。此处考查固定搭配be on the increase,意为"在增加"。故填the。
5.答案：a
解析：考查冠词。句意为:老人不假思索地走了进去,递出一个破篮子,里面装着从他自己(种的)苹果树上摘的几个苹果。此处考查固定搭配without a second thought,意为"不假思索地;对……不加考虑"。故填a。
6.答案：that
解析：句意为:去长途旅行并参观名胜古迹。这样你可以发现那里的文化与你家乡的文化不同。分析句子成分可知,设空处指代the culture。指代同一种事物但并非同一个,应用代词that。故填that。
7.答案：it
解析：句意:我正把大量的金钱和时间花在这艘船上,这是值得的。固定用法 be worth it,意为"……是值得的"。故填it。
8.答案：how
解析：句意:很多饭店的菜单包括一道菜的原料,怎么准备的,主要配料是什么,配料是来自什么农场。故填how。
9.答案：none
解析：句意:Niki总是充满想法,但没有一个是有用的或实用的。none意为"没有一个"。故填none。
10.答案：another
解析：考查代词的用法。句意为：为了能保持清醒按时完成论文，他喝了一杯茶，又泡了一杯（茶）。 another意为"另一个，又一个"，符合句意。故填another。
11.答案：①to②a③released④has (been) narrowed⑤likely⑥While/Though/Although⑦their⑧countries⑨easily⑩to follow
解析：①考查介词。句意:虽然大多数家庭的母亲决定家庭吃什么,但当涉及到投资等重大家庭问题时,父亲的话往往被视为更重要。when it comes to"当谈到……"是固定用法。故填to。
②考查不定冠词。句意:所有这些细节都在发出一个信号:根据第九次《全球性别差距报告》,男性在社会中仍然处于主导地位。分析句子可知,此处泛指"一个信号",所以用不定冠词,signal的发音以辅音音素开头,所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
③考查过去分词。句意:这份由非营利组织世界经济论坛于10月28日发布的报告发现,尽管过去几年性别差距有所缩小,但男性在教育、经济和政治领域,甚至医疗保健领域仍有更多机会。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语动词found,所以横线处的动词作非谓语,主语report与动词release构成逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填released。
④考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:这份由非营利组织世界经济论坛于10月28日发布的报告发现,尽管过去几年性别差距有所缩小,但男性在教育、经济和政治领域,甚至医疗保健领域仍有更多机会。分析句子可知,横线处事本句的谓语动词。根据时间状语in the past years可知,本句用现在完成时。narrow既可作及物动词,表示"使窄小",又可作不及物动词,表示"变窄;缩小",所以此处既可用主动语态也可用被动语态。主语the gender gap是单数,所以助动词用has。故填has been narrowed/has narrowed。
⑤考查形容词。句意:长大后,女性更有可能成为全职妈妈,没有薪水,在家庭决策中的发言权也更少。分析句子可知,横线处应用形容词作表语。be likely to do"有可能做某事"是固定用法。故填likely。
⑥考查状语从句。句意:虽然男性主宰着成人世界,但许多国家都见证了男孩的转折点—他们正在失去优势。分析句子可知,横线处引导状语从句,表示"虽然,尽管"用引导让步状语从句的连词while/though/although。置于句首,首字母要大写。故填While/Though/Although。
⑦考查形容词性物主代词。句意:虽然男性主宰着成人世界,但许多国家都见证了男孩的转折点—他们正在失去优势。分析句子可知,横线处用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词edge"优势"。故填their。
⑧考查可数名词复数。句意:大约有45个发展中国家的女孩上中学的人数多于男孩。根据45可知,横线处用可数名词复数。故填countries。
⑨考查副词。句意:美国作家Richard Whitmire曾写道,男孩更容易被电子游戏分散注意力,在学校可以跟随的男老师更少。分析句子可知,横线处用副词作状语修饰动词distracted。故填easily。
⑩考查动词不定式。句意:美国作家Richard Whitmire曾写道,男孩更容易被电子游戏分散注意力,在学校可以跟随的男老师更少。。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语,所以横线处的动词作非谓语,have sb./sth.to do"有……要做"是固定结构,其中动词不定式的主动形式to do表示被动含义。故填to follow。
12.答案：①that/which②Though/Although/While③saltier④sells⑤are put⑥with⑦ways⑧traditional⑨To prevent⑩their
解析：①考查定语从句。句意:日本科学家发明了一种电子筷子,旨在帮助人们减少盐的摄入。先行词是electric chopsticks,关系代词在定语从句中做主语,指物,用that或which引导定语从句。故填that或which。
②考查状语从句。句意:尽管人体需要盐,许多人吃太多盐,这是不健康的。需要盐和吃太多前后是让步关系,表示尽管although、though、while,位于句首首字母大写。故填Though、Although或While。
③考查形容词比较级。句意:这种特殊的筷子用一点点电就能让食物看起来比实际上更咸。seem系动词后面用形容词,根据than可知前面用形容词比较级。故填saltier。
④考查动词时态。句意:麒麟,一家销售食品和饮料的日本公司,与宫下实验室的研究人员合作开发了筷子。that引导定语从句,句中缺少谓语动词,that是主语指代a Japanese company,是单数,谓语动词用单数。故填sells。
⑤考查动词时态语态。句意:当筷子尖放进嘴里时,一种非常轻的电流—小到感觉不到电击—会改变舌头品尝某些化学物质的方式。when引导时间状语从句,主语是the tips of the chopsticks,是复数,谓语动词是put,和主语是被动关系,描述事实用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are put。
⑥考查介词。句意:实验表明,使用这种筷子后,食物的含盐量可以减少30%,但尝起来还是一样咸。表示使用介词with。故填with。
⑦考查名词复数。句意:到目前为止,麒麟还没有制定销售筷子的计划,但它正在研究如何将这项技术用于包括勺子在内的其他进食工具。用于其他进食工具的方法,用名词复数。故填ways。
⑧考查形容词。句意:电动筷子在日本可能有特别的意义,因为日本的传统饮食偏好咸的味道。形容词修饰名词,做定语。故填traditional。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意:"为了预防这些疾病,我们需要减少盐的摄入量,"Kirin Miyashita说和麒麟公司正在改进筷子的设计,并希望最早在明年将其商业化。谓语动词是need to reduce,预防是非谓语动词,表示目的,用动词不定式。故填To prevent。
⑩考查代词。句意:"为了预防这些疾病,我们需要减少盐的摄入量,"Kirin Miyashita说和麒麟公司正在改进筷子的设计,并希望最早在明年将其商业化。名词前用形容词性物主代词,故填their。
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