2024届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题十二 考点16 记叙文A卷（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2024届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题十二 考点16 记叙文A卷（含解析） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-07-17 17:51:47 | ||
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2024届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题十二 考点16 记叙文（A卷）
1. Abraham was 12 years old when he and his family learned that without a bone disease, the rare blood disease he'd been born with might prove incurable. Fast forward one year, one successful transplant (移植), and Abraham's recovery is promising—but that's not the only good news.
Over his illness, he'd qualified as a receiver for Make-A-Wish, a charitable organization whose purpose is to make the dreams of seriously ill children come true. Rather than something for himself, Abraham chose to show thanks for his good fortune by passing it along to others. The Mississippi teen shared his decision with his mom, Miriam, to feed the homeless in his area one day a month for an entire year.
While she couldn't have been more proud of Abraham, Miriam did wonder if he wouldn't rather have something for himself—like a PlayStation— but really, she wasn't surprised by her son's wish. Prior to his diagnosis, Abraham and his family had regularly volunteered in their community.
Make-A-Wish's Mississippi chapter has committed to helping Abraham team up with local businesses to feed up to 80 homeless people in Poindexter Park. As of October, Abraham has organized two successful "Abraham's Table" events, distributing the donated goods to folks in need.
While a dozen days of giving is admirable, Abraham plans to keep his mission going. "We're very excited to continue on this endeavor. It's so rewarding," Miriam said. "If I was out there on the streets, homeless, I would want somebody at some point to think of me, so, that's what I try to instill (灌输) in my kids."
Abraham still receives weekly checkups to monitor his condition, but he has faith in his future. And as the type of person who has hope and gives it as well, he's a true inspiration.
1. What is Make-A-Wish intended to do
A. To monitor the patient. B. To help realize dreams.
C. To perform the transplant. D. To find a qualified receiver.
2. What can we learn about Abraham and his mother
A. She wondered at his wish. B. She took pride in him.
C. He would volunteer with her help. D. They donated their organs.
3. Which of the following can best describe Abraham
A. Kind and grateful. B. Determined and aggressive.
C. Optimistic and outgoing. D. Competent and selfless.
4. What message does the text convey
A. Better be envied than pitied.
B. God helps those who help themselves.
C. When life hands you a miracle, you can pay it forward.
D. Save for a rainy day and take precautions beforehand.
2. Mangal Shah runs a living unit called Palawi under Prabha-Hira Pratisthan, an NGO, in Pandharpur, Maharashtra, for HIV positive children. At present, the organisation is taking care of nearly 125 HIV positive children.
Having worked with HIV+ children for about two decades now, sixty-eight-year-old Mangal Shah, popularly known as Mangaltai, has devoted her life to humanity for the most helpless and miserable children and women.
Being a woman, it was a daring effort from her to work towards a taboo(禁忌) topic such as HIV/AIDS during the 80s and 90s. Shah believes in Mother Teresa's words "If you judge people, you have no time to love them." Soon after her marriage, when other women in the family devoted their time on religious activities, Shah was more interested in helping the needy.
On approaching a government hospital to help disabled people, pregnant women, and HIV positive female workers, she understood there was lack of family support for women. Thus began Shah's journey, about 35 years ago, to spread awareness about HIV. This was at a time when HIV/AIDS was considered the ugliest and deadliest disease known to mankind.
Recalling her journey in helping HIV positive children, Shah says, one day, when she and her daughter Dimple were working to create awareness about HIV/AIDS in Pandharpur, they were informed about two girl children aged 2.5 years and 1.5 years being abandoned in a cow shed (棚) as their parents had died due to AIDS. Their relatives feared that the girls would bring shame and the risk of infection (感染) to the entire family. They tried to find a shelter for HIV+ children, only to realise there were no homes for HIV+ children in the district and also in entire Maharashtra.
Shah decided to provide shelter and care to such children and built a home for HIV+ children by herself. The care home was named "Palawi", which means the "new leaves of a plant'' in Marathi.
1. What is the purpose of running Palawi
A. To provide children shelters. B. To support the hospitals.
C. To help children with HIV. D. To treat the sick children.
2. When did Shah begin to help people
A. After she retired. B. After her marriage.
C. About 35 years ago. D. About the late 80s.
3. What can we learn from the story of the two abandoned little girls
A. A lot of people died of HTV.
B. Children were easily infected.
C. There is no house for homeless children.
D. People had discrimination on HIV/AIDS.
4. Which of the following best describes Shah
A. Warm-hearted. B. Adventurous. C. Hard-working. D. Optimistic.
3. When I think of the word perfect, I think of something few can achieve, like high beauty standards, Helen, the super-smart girl in my class, or anything I can compare myself to. For weeks, I have been noticing this girl who is in a few of my middle school classes. She has fabulous long dark hair, big eyes, and the most beautiful face. She always wears the prettiest outfits and seems to be the most popular girl in school, at least in my eyes. It seems like she has a perfect life.
One day, I was in language arts talking to my teacher about one of the upcoming tests, when I saw the girl staring at me. I immediately felt nervous, thinking, "Why is she looking at me Did I do something wrong Is my hair messed up " When the class was dismissed and everyone rushed to their next class, Helen caught up to me and said, "I just thought you should know, I think you are really pretty." I replied doubtfully, "Oh my god, thank you!" I then watched her as she walked away and thought, "She thinks I am pretty "
The whole day, I thought about one thing: Why does she think that After thinking about that topic in my head through each second of the day, I came to learn one big lesson. I learned that everyone has their own insecurities even though it may not seem like it on the outside. In this case, I was thinking that she was everything I wanted to be and she thought the same of me. Neither of us are perfect. We are just us and that's OK. We are all that perfect person we have been comparing ourselves to in our own special way. It is our choice to either accept that and love ourselves or keep torturing(折磨) ourselves with cruel comparisons. When I really look at myself, not from my point of view but a fresh one, I do see everything I want to be. I see a beautiful, smart, kind girl who is unique. I think that being able to fully love yourself is the true meaning of the word perfect.
1. What does the underlined word "fabulous" in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Messy. B. Ugly. C. Ordinary. D. Wonderful.
2. Why did Helen talk to the author after class
A. Helen thought the author was beautiful.
B. Helen found her hair messed up.
C. Helen wanted to challenge her.
D. Helen wanted to make friends with her.
3. How did the author feel when praised by Helen
A. Skeptical. B. Sorrowful. C. Offended. D. Excited.
4. What lesson did the author learn at last
A. No one is perfect in any aspects. B. Confidence comes from within.
C. Beauty doesn't count sometimes. D. Roses given, fragrance remains.
4. David Aguilar was five when he first discovered Lego, entering a world where it didn't matter he was missing his forearm, and four years later, he built his first prosthesis (假肢) with it. Now on the way of finishing a degree in bioengineering, he dreams of working to help other children who, like him, were born different.
Aguilar was born without a right forearm as a result of Poland syndrome, a rare disorder, hut it has not stopped him from living his life. Now 22, this Andorran student—who has been obsessed with robots since he was a child—has little free time: aside from finishing his degree, he gives motivational speeches. He has written a book and taken part in an innovation conference run by NASA.
But getting here hasn't been easy and his face hardens as he recalls the years when building things with Lego was his only shelter from bullying (欺凌). "When I was a teenager, I carried on playing with Lego because it was a way of escaping the bullying, it really helped me ignore what I had to put up with every day," he told AFP.
During his teens, he fine-tuned his construction skills and by the age of 17, he had managed to create a fully-functioning Lego prosthesis that allowed him to do his first-ever pushups with two arms.
After he was awarded the Guinness World Record for creating the first functional Lego prosthetic arm in 2017, news about the one-armed boy quickly spread. In August the same year, he managed to make a normal prosthesis for Beknur, an eight-year-old boy without aims, at Beknur's mother request.
And the experience has inspired Aguilar. "If I did it for Beknur, why not for any other boy or girl who is missing an arm or a leg or a foot " he says, his eyes alight with ideas.
1. What do the underlined words in the third paragraph probably mean
A. It's painful lo recall the past.
B. David suffered a lot before achieving success.
C. David lived a tough life without free time.
D. It's difficult to attend the conference run by NASA.
2. When did Aguilar have the motivation to help others
A. When he first discovered Lego.
B. When he created the first Lego prosthetic.
C. When he won the Guinness World Record.
D. When he made a normal prosthesis for Beknur.
3. Which words can best describe Aguilar
A. Creative and oaring. B. Athletic and cautious.
C. Brave and professional. D. Cooperative and sociable.
4. What can we learn from Aguilar's story
A. Bad news has wings.
B. Many hands make light work.
C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
D. A small act of kindness makes a big difference.
5. The past two years has been tough for so many people. There's been a mix of worry and annoyance due to COVID-19. And with the pandemic(流行病) being still threatening, people are continuing to struggle and in need of a smile.
With this in mind, we wanted to share the story of Jaden Hayes, whose take on sadness and anxiety is totally refreshing.
When Jaden Hayes was only 4 years old, his dad passed away. Two years later his mom died in her sleep. "I tried and tried to get her awake—but I couldn't," the orphan (孤儿) explained in an interview. However, in his grief he realized how difficult it was for him to see others around him feeling sad. So he wanted to do something to make them smile. With the help of his aunt and guardian at the time, Barbara DiCola, he went and bought lots of little toys to hand out to passers-by in Savannah, Georgia, whose spirits needed to be raised.
All little Jaden Hayes wants in return is to make people smile. Unsurprisingly, his efforts have worked! "It's like absolute joy came out of this child, and the more people he made smile, the more this light shone," explained his aunt. While he readily admitted that he was still sad about his mother's death, the smile mission had given him a sense of purpose.
Now, a few years later, Jaden is still keeping up his good work. His Facebook page, Jaden's Journey, describes how this young "smile maker" is still bringing joy to others.
His initial aim was to make 33,000 people smile through his kind deeds, but by spreading his story we're pretty sure he's managed to inspire many more smiles—and perhaps a few tears.
1. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word "take" in paragraph 2
A. Influence. B. Experience. C. Suggestion. D. Interpretation.
2. What do we know about Jaden Hayes
A. He gives toys to anyone passing by.
B. He wants people around him to be happy.
C. He forgets the pain of his mother's death.
D. He does his good work without expecting anything in return.
3. What does the author mean to do by telling the story of Jaden Hayes
A. To encourage people to cheer up. B. To call on people to do good things.
C. To introduce Jaden Hayes to the public. D. To praise those who make people smile.
4. What is the best title for this text
A. A Time Full of Grief B. Ways Out of Sadness
C. An Orphan Who Spreads Joy D. Kindness That Requires No Return
6. The owners of a Florida McDonald's restaurant have bestowed(授予) some incredible holiday joy on one local family whose 15-year-old son with autism(自闭症) has been enthusiastically drawing the golden arches since he was a little boy.
After Hurricane Michael destroyed their McDonald's building in Panama City, Devon's mom, Tiffany Winters, posted on social media asking if anyone could recover the famous "golden arches", with which her son planned to participate in a hand-made article competition, to give to her son.
"When we heard about Devon's story and his love for the golden arches, we knew we had to do something special for him and his family," said McDonald's Owner Tim and Tracy Johnstone who own seven restaurants, four in Panama City.
Not only did they deliver the golden arch that was saved from the ruins, they also brought Devon into his local McDonald's to experience being an employee for the day. After that day, they kept in touch with the teen and wanted to make his holiday super special this summer, "just like that day".
In July, the restaurant owners surprised the family members, who live in the countryside 40 miles from the nearest town, with a much-needed new car. The vehicle will ensure Devon can get to school, and any doctor. "This is so far above and beyond," said Brent Winters, Devon's father. "To receive a car in a real time of need is going to change our lives."
"It was truly such an honor to see Devon's face light up when he saw his gifts. And the fact that we could help him and his family means everything," Johnstones said. "You hear all negative(否定的) news in the world. You don't hear a lot of the good stories," added Brent. "So it's nice to be part of one."
1.Why did Tiffany Winters post on the net
A.To seek help from the public for her son.
B.To get the attention of McDonald owners.
C.To call on people to rebuild golden arches.
D.To encourage her son to take part in a competition.
2.Where did Devon's family live
A.In Panama City. B.In a remote village.
C.In Florida. D.Near a local McDonald.
3.What does the underlined word "one" refer to in the last paragraph
A.A bad news. B.A fact.
C.An honor. D.A good story.
4.What does the author want to tell us
A.A good beginning makes a good ending.
B.A rose given leaves fragrance in your hand.
C.A candle lights others and consumes itself.
D.A friend without faults will never be found.
7. According to CBS Minnesota, the golden retriever(寻回犬) named Marvel was the only one in her litter born without a front right paw(爪子). She's since been taken in by the Williams family in Waconia, whose 7-year-old son, Paxton Williams, had his right leg cut away three years ago.
Rolling Oaks Goldens breeder Barb Felt found the Williams family through another friend, Paxton's doctor. "When she was born, we knew right away she had a special purpose," Felt said. "We wanted her to go in a home with someone who had a limb(肢体) difference."
Paxton was born before the time was enough, which caused the boy to develop a serious problem in his right leg, which stunted the limb's growth. Three years ago, Paxton's parents made the difficult decision to have the boy's right leg amputated and replaced with an artificial limb. Paxton's mother, Stephanie, appreciates how their new pet addition helps her son normalize his physical differences.
"It gives him the opportunity to tell the kids, 'Oh, she's missing a paw, she's like me,' " the mom explained. "And like it gives him that voice, too, to advocate for himself."
Blaine, Paxton's father, has also been moved by seeing Paxton and Marvel enjoy walks together on trails near their house. "It's like they knew they were special," Blaine said. "The amount of emotions was running through me at the time," he continued. "It was just awesome because she was in the perfect place at the perfect time."
Marvel might need a wheelchair or an artificial paw of her own as she grows larger and gets older. The family hopes that Paxton will someday be able to run with his artificial leg and that Marvel will be there to run beside him.
1.When did Paxton lose one of his limbs
A.When he was born. B.When he met the pet.
C.When he was four years old. D.When he was seven years old.
2.What does the underlined word "stunted" in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Making something grow healthily. B.Stopping something from growing normally.
C.Helping something to develop rapidly. D.Forcing something to develop partly.
3.How did Blaine feel about the company of Marvel
A.Horrible. B.Grateful. C.Addictive. D.Uncertain.
4.What is the main idea of the text
A.A boy found a pet dog in the street. B.The golden retriever saved her owner.
C.The Williams adopted a golden retriever. D.A disabled boy adopted a dog without a paw.
8. When he was a little boy his uncle called him "Sparky", after a comic-strip(漫画) horse named Spark Plug. School was all but impossible for Sparky. He failed every subject in the eighth grade. He failed physics in high school, getting a grade of zero.
He also failed Latin, maths and English. And his record in sports wasn't any better. Though he did manage to make the school's golf team, he lost the only important match of the season.
Throughout his youth, Sparky was awkward socially. It wasn't that the other students disliked him; it's just that no one really cared all that much. In fact, Sparky was astonished if a classmate ever said hello to him outside of school hours. Sparky was a loser. He, his classmates...everyone knew it. So he learned to live with it. He made up his mind early that if things were meant to work out, they would. Otherwise he would content himself with what appeared to be his mediocrity.
One thing was important to Sparky, however—drawing. He was proud of his artwork. No one else appreciated it. But that didn't seem to matter to him. In his senior year of high school, he submitted some cartoons to the yearbook. The editors rejected the concept. Despite this brush-off, Sparky was convinced of his ability. He even decided to become an artist.
So, after completing high school, Sparky wrote to Walt Disney Studios. They asked for samples(样品) of his artwork. Despite careful preparation, it too was rejected.
But Sparky still didn't give up. Instead, he decided to tell his own life's story in cartoons. Sparky's cartoon character went on to become a cultural phenomenon of sorts. People readily identified with this "lovable loser". He reminded people of the painful and embarrassing moments from their own past. The character soon became famous worldwide: "Charlie Brown". And Sparky is the highly successful cartoonist Charles Schultz.
1.What do we know about Sparky as a child
A.He was brought up by his uncle. B.He was excellent in some sports.
C.He was sick of all school subjects. D.He was short of talent in many aspects.
2.Which of the following can replace the underlined word "mediocrity" in Paragraph 3
A.Averageness. B.Unpleasantness C.Misfortune. D.Helplessness.
3.How did Sparky make his cartoon character a success
A.By showing the power of humour. B.By refreshing the readers' memory.
C.By presenting funny positive stories. D.By reforming the technique of drawing.
4.What can we learn from Sparky's story
A.Better later than never. B.Bad times make a good man.
C.Actions speak louder than words. D.Where there is a will, there is a way.
答案以及解析
1.答案：1-4 BBAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的"Make-A-Wish, a charitable organization whose purpose is to make the dreams of seriously ill children come true"可知,Make-A-Wish旨在帮助罹患重病的孩子实现梦想。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的"While she couldn't have been more proud of Abraham"可知,Abraham的妈妈为Abraham感到骄傲。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据第二段第二句"Rather than something for himself, Abraham chose to show thanks for his good fortune by passing it along to others."可知,Abraham 推己及人,选择通过将好运传递给他人来表达自己的感激之情。由此可推知,Abraham是一个善良且懂得感恩的人。故选A。
4.推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了天生患有重病的Abraham通过移植手术痊愈后传递善良与感恩,为更多的人带来帮助与温暖的故事。由此可推知,文章传达了"当生活赐予你奇迹时,你可以把它传递下去"这个信息。故选C。
2.答案：1-4 CBDA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段内容尤其是第一句"Mangal Shah runs a living unit called Palawi under Prabha-Hira Pratisthan, an NGO, in Pandharpur, Maharashtra, for HIV positive children."可知,Mangal Shah 设立Palawi是为了帮助那些患有艾滋病的孩子们。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句"Soon after her marriage, when other women in the family devoted their time on religious activities, Shah was more interested in helping the needy."并结合第四段内容可知,在Shah结婚后,当家族中的其他女性把自己的时间花费在宗教活动上时,Shah对帮助有需要的人更加感兴趣。由此可知,Shah是从结婚后开始帮助有需要的人们的。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容尤其是倒数第二句"Their relatives feared that the girls would bring shame and the risk of infection(感染) to the entire family."可知,这两名被遗弃的小女孩的亲属们担心她们会给整个家庭带来耻辱和感染的风险。由此可推知,人们对艾滋病有歧视。故选D。
4.推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了68岁的Mangal Shah成立组织帮助Maharashtra近25名艾滋病患儿的故事。由此可推知,Shah是一个热心的人。故选A。
3.答案：1-4 DAAA
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句并结合第一段第一句中的"like high beauty standards, Helen, the super-smart girl in my class"可知,画线词所在句表示她拥有一头秀丽的黑色长发,大大的眼睛以及最美丽的脸庞。由此可推知,画线词fabulous应意为"极好的",与D项意思相近。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段第五句"When the class was dismissed and everyone rushed to their next class, Helen caught up to me and said, 'I just thought you should know, I think you are really pretty.'"可知,Helen在下课后和作者交谈是为了告诉作者她认为作者很漂亮。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句"I replied doubtfully, 'Oh my god, thank you!'…'She thinks I am pretty '"可知,作者对于Helen的赞美将信将疑。故选A。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段内容尤其是第五句"Neither of us are perfect."可知,作者最后明白了人无完人的道理。故选A。
4.答案：1-4 BDAC
解析：1.考查词义猜测。画线部分上一段提到男孩David Aguilar现在的成就,接着本段详细描述了这些成就来之不易。所以画线部分是指:他在成功前遭受了很多磨难。故选B。
2.考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段的最后一句"In August the same year, he managed to make a normal prosthesis for Beknur…"和最后一段的"And the experience has inspired Aguilar. 'If I did it for Beknur, why not for any other boy or girl who is missing an arm or a leg or afoot ' he says, his eyes alight with ideas."可知,David Aguilar萌生帮助他人的这一想法,是在他为Beknur做假肢之后。故选D。
3.考查人物评价。根据男孩David Aguilar用乐高积木做假肢这件事可知,他是"有创造力的";再根据第一段中的"Now on the way of finishing a degree in bioengineering, he dreams of working to help other children who, like him, were born different."可推知他是"有爱心的"。故选A。
4.考查推理判断。本文主要讲述了独臂男孩David Aguilar身残志坚的故事。他在童年时期饱受欺凌,而他借玩乐高积木来躲避欺凌,后来他竟用乐高积木成功为自己制作了灵活的假肢。他的故事告诉我们:世上无难事,只怕有心人。故选C。
5.答案：1-4 DBAC
解析：1.词义猜测题。画线词所在句为第一段与下文的故事内容之间的过渡句,起到承上启下的作用,故应是对下文故事的概括。根据下文内容可知,这个故事讲述了杰登·海斯对悲伤和焦虑的不同理解。interpretation意为"理解;解释",符合语境。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的However, in his grief he realized how difficult it was for him to see others around him feeling sad.以及第四段中的All little Jaden Hayes wants in return is to make people smile.可知,杰登·海斯不愿意看到别人悲伤,希望看到人们的笑脸。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据第一段中的people are continuing to struggle and in need of a smile以及第二段内容可知,作者讲述杰登·海斯的故事是为了让人们从不同角度理解并克服悲伤和焦虑,用微笑面对生活,所以作者的目的是鼓励人们振作起来。故选A。
4.主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了一个孤儿用赠送玩具的方式给人们带来快乐,因此C项(传递快乐的孤儿)最适合作本文的题目。故选C。
6.答案：1-4 ABDB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知, 在飓风摧毁了巴拿马城的麦当劳门店后, Devon的母亲Tiffany Winters在社交媒体上发帖询问是否有人能帮忙找到(麦当劳)著名的"金拱门", 以便让她的儿子参加手工艺制作比赛。由此可知, Tiffany Winters在网上发帖是为她的儿子向大众寻求帮助。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的"who live in the countryside 40 miles from the nearest town"可知, Devon一家住在一个偏远的山村。故选B。
3.指代判断题。根据最后一段最后三句" 'You hear all negative(否定的) news in the world. You don't hear a lot of the good stories,' added Brent. 'So it's nice to be part of one.' "可知, Brent认为人们听到的总是负面新闻, 很少听到美好的故事。而Devon一家被帮助的故事是个美好的。由此可推知, 画线词在句表示这件事成为了一个美好的故事中的一部分。由此可推知, 画线词指代的是一个美好的故事。故选D。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 本文主要讲述了麦当劳的店长帮助了自闭症男孩Devon及其家庭的故事。B项"赠人玫瑰, 手有余香"概括了文章大意。故选B。
7.答案：1-4 CBBD
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段第二句"She's since been taken in by the Williams family in Waconia, whose 7-year-old son, Paxton Williams, had his right leg cut away three years ago."可知, 七岁的Paxton Williams三年前右腿截肢。由此可知, 他在四岁时失去了右腿。故选C。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的"Paxton was born before the time was enough, which caused the boy to develop a serious problem in his right leg"可知, Paxton未足月便出生了, 这导致他的右腿出现了严重的问题。由此可推知, 此处应表示这阻碍了腿部的生长。因此, 画线词应意为"阻碍某物正常生长", 与B项意思相符。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据第五段内容尤其是第一句"Blaine, Paxton's father, has also been moved by seeing Paxton and Marvel enjoy walks together on trails near their house."和最后一句中的"It was just awesome because she was in the perfect place at the perfect time."可知, 看着Paxton和Marvel在家附近的小路上一起享受散步的乐趣, Paxton的父亲Blaine深受感动。他认为Marvel是在完美的时间出现在了完美的地方。由此可推知, 他对于Marvel对自己儿子的陪伴充满感激之情。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 文章主要讲述了幼时失去右腿的Paxton收养了一出生就没有右前爪的金毛猎犬Marvel的故事。故选D。
8.答案：1-4 DABD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句"He failed every subject in the eighth grade."和第四句"And his record in sports wasn't any better."可知, 被叔叔称为"Sparky"的Charles Schultz在小时候各门功课都很差, 体育成绩也不怎么好。由此可知, Sparky孩提时在很多方面都缺乏天赋。故选D。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句前一句"He made up his mind early that if things were meant to work out, they would."可知, Sparky很早就下定决心, 如果自己认定事情会成功, 它们就一定会成功。结合第二、三段内容可知, 画线词所在句表示否则自己会满足于平庸的状态。由此可推知, mediocrity应意为"平庸, 普通", 与A项意思相近。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段第四、五句"People readily identified with this 'lovable loser'. He reminded people of the painful and embarrassing moments from their own past."可知, 人们很容易认同这个"可爱的失败者"(的形象), 他使人们想起自己过去的痛苦和难堪的时刻。由此可推知, Sparky的漫画通过唤醒读者对过去的记忆而获得成功。故选B。
4.推理判断题。通读全文可知, 文章讲述了Sparky小时候资质平平, 但他没有甘于平凡, 立志要发挥自己的画画特长, 努力追寻自己的梦想, 在此过程中虽然遭遇了各种困难, 但他最终成为了一位成功的漫画家的故事。由此可推知, 我们能从Sparky的故事中学到"有志者, 事竟成"。故选D。
2
1. Abraham was 12 years old when he and his family learned that without a bone disease, the rare blood disease he'd been born with might prove incurable. Fast forward one year, one successful transplant (移植), and Abraham's recovery is promising—but that's not the only good news.
Over his illness, he'd qualified as a receiver for Make-A-Wish, a charitable organization whose purpose is to make the dreams of seriously ill children come true. Rather than something for himself, Abraham chose to show thanks for his good fortune by passing it along to others. The Mississippi teen shared his decision with his mom, Miriam, to feed the homeless in his area one day a month for an entire year.
While she couldn't have been more proud of Abraham, Miriam did wonder if he wouldn't rather have something for himself—like a PlayStation— but really, she wasn't surprised by her son's wish. Prior to his diagnosis, Abraham and his family had regularly volunteered in their community.
Make-A-Wish's Mississippi chapter has committed to helping Abraham team up with local businesses to feed up to 80 homeless people in Poindexter Park. As of October, Abraham has organized two successful "Abraham's Table" events, distributing the donated goods to folks in need.
While a dozen days of giving is admirable, Abraham plans to keep his mission going. "We're very excited to continue on this endeavor. It's so rewarding," Miriam said. "If I was out there on the streets, homeless, I would want somebody at some point to think of me, so, that's what I try to instill (灌输) in my kids."
Abraham still receives weekly checkups to monitor his condition, but he has faith in his future. And as the type of person who has hope and gives it as well, he's a true inspiration.
1. What is Make-A-Wish intended to do
A. To monitor the patient. B. To help realize dreams.
C. To perform the transplant. D. To find a qualified receiver.
2. What can we learn about Abraham and his mother
A. She wondered at his wish. B. She took pride in him.
C. He would volunteer with her help. D. They donated their organs.
3. Which of the following can best describe Abraham
A. Kind and grateful. B. Determined and aggressive.
C. Optimistic and outgoing. D. Competent and selfless.
4. What message does the text convey
A. Better be envied than pitied.
B. God helps those who help themselves.
C. When life hands you a miracle, you can pay it forward.
D. Save for a rainy day and take precautions beforehand.
2. Mangal Shah runs a living unit called Palawi under Prabha-Hira Pratisthan, an NGO, in Pandharpur, Maharashtra, for HIV positive children. At present, the organisation is taking care of nearly 125 HIV positive children.
Having worked with HIV+ children for about two decades now, sixty-eight-year-old Mangal Shah, popularly known as Mangaltai, has devoted her life to humanity for the most helpless and miserable children and women.
Being a woman, it was a daring effort from her to work towards a taboo(禁忌) topic such as HIV/AIDS during the 80s and 90s. Shah believes in Mother Teresa's words "If you judge people, you have no time to love them." Soon after her marriage, when other women in the family devoted their time on religious activities, Shah was more interested in helping the needy.
On approaching a government hospital to help disabled people, pregnant women, and HIV positive female workers, she understood there was lack of family support for women. Thus began Shah's journey, about 35 years ago, to spread awareness about HIV. This was at a time when HIV/AIDS was considered the ugliest and deadliest disease known to mankind.
Recalling her journey in helping HIV positive children, Shah says, one day, when she and her daughter Dimple were working to create awareness about HIV/AIDS in Pandharpur, they were informed about two girl children aged 2.5 years and 1.5 years being abandoned in a cow shed (棚) as their parents had died due to AIDS. Their relatives feared that the girls would bring shame and the risk of infection (感染) to the entire family. They tried to find a shelter for HIV+ children, only to realise there were no homes for HIV+ children in the district and also in entire Maharashtra.
Shah decided to provide shelter and care to such children and built a home for HIV+ children by herself. The care home was named "Palawi", which means the "new leaves of a plant'' in Marathi.
1. What is the purpose of running Palawi
A. To provide children shelters. B. To support the hospitals.
C. To help children with HIV. D. To treat the sick children.
2. When did Shah begin to help people
A. After she retired. B. After her marriage.
C. About 35 years ago. D. About the late 80s.
3. What can we learn from the story of the two abandoned little girls
A. A lot of people died of HTV.
B. Children were easily infected.
C. There is no house for homeless children.
D. People had discrimination on HIV/AIDS.
4. Which of the following best describes Shah
A. Warm-hearted. B. Adventurous. C. Hard-working. D. Optimistic.
3. When I think of the word perfect, I think of something few can achieve, like high beauty standards, Helen, the super-smart girl in my class, or anything I can compare myself to. For weeks, I have been noticing this girl who is in a few of my middle school classes. She has fabulous long dark hair, big eyes, and the most beautiful face. She always wears the prettiest outfits and seems to be the most popular girl in school, at least in my eyes. It seems like she has a perfect life.
One day, I was in language arts talking to my teacher about one of the upcoming tests, when I saw the girl staring at me. I immediately felt nervous, thinking, "Why is she looking at me Did I do something wrong Is my hair messed up " When the class was dismissed and everyone rushed to their next class, Helen caught up to me and said, "I just thought you should know, I think you are really pretty." I replied doubtfully, "Oh my god, thank you!" I then watched her as she walked away and thought, "She thinks I am pretty "
The whole day, I thought about one thing: Why does she think that After thinking about that topic in my head through each second of the day, I came to learn one big lesson. I learned that everyone has their own insecurities even though it may not seem like it on the outside. In this case, I was thinking that she was everything I wanted to be and she thought the same of me. Neither of us are perfect. We are just us and that's OK. We are all that perfect person we have been comparing ourselves to in our own special way. It is our choice to either accept that and love ourselves or keep torturing(折磨) ourselves with cruel comparisons. When I really look at myself, not from my point of view but a fresh one, I do see everything I want to be. I see a beautiful, smart, kind girl who is unique. I think that being able to fully love yourself is the true meaning of the word perfect.
1. What does the underlined word "fabulous" in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Messy. B. Ugly. C. Ordinary. D. Wonderful.
2. Why did Helen talk to the author after class
A. Helen thought the author was beautiful.
B. Helen found her hair messed up.
C. Helen wanted to challenge her.
D. Helen wanted to make friends with her.
3. How did the author feel when praised by Helen
A. Skeptical. B. Sorrowful. C. Offended. D. Excited.
4. What lesson did the author learn at last
A. No one is perfect in any aspects. B. Confidence comes from within.
C. Beauty doesn't count sometimes. D. Roses given, fragrance remains.
4. David Aguilar was five when he first discovered Lego, entering a world where it didn't matter he was missing his forearm, and four years later, he built his first prosthesis (假肢) with it. Now on the way of finishing a degree in bioengineering, he dreams of working to help other children who, like him, were born different.
Aguilar was born without a right forearm as a result of Poland syndrome, a rare disorder, hut it has not stopped him from living his life. Now 22, this Andorran student—who has been obsessed with robots since he was a child—has little free time: aside from finishing his degree, he gives motivational speeches. He has written a book and taken part in an innovation conference run by NASA.
But getting here hasn't been easy and his face hardens as he recalls the years when building things with Lego was his only shelter from bullying (欺凌). "When I was a teenager, I carried on playing with Lego because it was a way of escaping the bullying, it really helped me ignore what I had to put up with every day," he told AFP.
During his teens, he fine-tuned his construction skills and by the age of 17, he had managed to create a fully-functioning Lego prosthesis that allowed him to do his first-ever pushups with two arms.
After he was awarded the Guinness World Record for creating the first functional Lego prosthetic arm in 2017, news about the one-armed boy quickly spread. In August the same year, he managed to make a normal prosthesis for Beknur, an eight-year-old boy without aims, at Beknur's mother request.
And the experience has inspired Aguilar. "If I did it for Beknur, why not for any other boy or girl who is missing an arm or a leg or a foot " he says, his eyes alight with ideas.
1. What do the underlined words in the third paragraph probably mean
A. It's painful lo recall the past.
B. David suffered a lot before achieving success.
C. David lived a tough life without free time.
D. It's difficult to attend the conference run by NASA.
2. When did Aguilar have the motivation to help others
A. When he first discovered Lego.
B. When he created the first Lego prosthetic.
C. When he won the Guinness World Record.
D. When he made a normal prosthesis for Beknur.
3. Which words can best describe Aguilar
A. Creative and oaring. B. Athletic and cautious.
C. Brave and professional. D. Cooperative and sociable.
4. What can we learn from Aguilar's story
A. Bad news has wings.
B. Many hands make light work.
C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
D. A small act of kindness makes a big difference.
5. The past two years has been tough for so many people. There's been a mix of worry and annoyance due to COVID-19. And with the pandemic(流行病) being still threatening, people are continuing to struggle and in need of a smile.
With this in mind, we wanted to share the story of Jaden Hayes, whose take on sadness and anxiety is totally refreshing.
When Jaden Hayes was only 4 years old, his dad passed away. Two years later his mom died in her sleep. "I tried and tried to get her awake—but I couldn't," the orphan (孤儿) explained in an interview. However, in his grief he realized how difficult it was for him to see others around him feeling sad. So he wanted to do something to make them smile. With the help of his aunt and guardian at the time, Barbara DiCola, he went and bought lots of little toys to hand out to passers-by in Savannah, Georgia, whose spirits needed to be raised.
All little Jaden Hayes wants in return is to make people smile. Unsurprisingly, his efforts have worked! "It's like absolute joy came out of this child, and the more people he made smile, the more this light shone," explained his aunt. While he readily admitted that he was still sad about his mother's death, the smile mission had given him a sense of purpose.
Now, a few years later, Jaden is still keeping up his good work. His Facebook page, Jaden's Journey, describes how this young "smile maker" is still bringing joy to others.
His initial aim was to make 33,000 people smile through his kind deeds, but by spreading his story we're pretty sure he's managed to inspire many more smiles—and perhaps a few tears.
1. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word "take" in paragraph 2
A. Influence. B. Experience. C. Suggestion. D. Interpretation.
2. What do we know about Jaden Hayes
A. He gives toys to anyone passing by.
B. He wants people around him to be happy.
C. He forgets the pain of his mother's death.
D. He does his good work without expecting anything in return.
3. What does the author mean to do by telling the story of Jaden Hayes
A. To encourage people to cheer up. B. To call on people to do good things.
C. To introduce Jaden Hayes to the public. D. To praise those who make people smile.
4. What is the best title for this text
A. A Time Full of Grief B. Ways Out of Sadness
C. An Orphan Who Spreads Joy D. Kindness That Requires No Return
6. The owners of a Florida McDonald's restaurant have bestowed(授予) some incredible holiday joy on one local family whose 15-year-old son with autism(自闭症) has been enthusiastically drawing the golden arches since he was a little boy.
After Hurricane Michael destroyed their McDonald's building in Panama City, Devon's mom, Tiffany Winters, posted on social media asking if anyone could recover the famous "golden arches", with which her son planned to participate in a hand-made article competition, to give to her son.
"When we heard about Devon's story and his love for the golden arches, we knew we had to do something special for him and his family," said McDonald's Owner Tim and Tracy Johnstone who own seven restaurants, four in Panama City.
Not only did they deliver the golden arch that was saved from the ruins, they also brought Devon into his local McDonald's to experience being an employee for the day. After that day, they kept in touch with the teen and wanted to make his holiday super special this summer, "just like that day".
In July, the restaurant owners surprised the family members, who live in the countryside 40 miles from the nearest town, with a much-needed new car. The vehicle will ensure Devon can get to school, and any doctor. "This is so far above and beyond," said Brent Winters, Devon's father. "To receive a car in a real time of need is going to change our lives."
"It was truly such an honor to see Devon's face light up when he saw his gifts. And the fact that we could help him and his family means everything," Johnstones said. "You hear all negative(否定的) news in the world. You don't hear a lot of the good stories," added Brent. "So it's nice to be part of one."
1.Why did Tiffany Winters post on the net
A.To seek help from the public for her son.
B.To get the attention of McDonald owners.
C.To call on people to rebuild golden arches.
D.To encourage her son to take part in a competition.
2.Where did Devon's family live
A.In Panama City. B.In a remote village.
C.In Florida. D.Near a local McDonald.
3.What does the underlined word "one" refer to in the last paragraph
A.A bad news. B.A fact.
C.An honor. D.A good story.
4.What does the author want to tell us
A.A good beginning makes a good ending.
B.A rose given leaves fragrance in your hand.
C.A candle lights others and consumes itself.
D.A friend without faults will never be found.
7. According to CBS Minnesota, the golden retriever(寻回犬) named Marvel was the only one in her litter born without a front right paw(爪子). She's since been taken in by the Williams family in Waconia, whose 7-year-old son, Paxton Williams, had his right leg cut away three years ago.
Rolling Oaks Goldens breeder Barb Felt found the Williams family through another friend, Paxton's doctor. "When she was born, we knew right away she had a special purpose," Felt said. "We wanted her to go in a home with someone who had a limb(肢体) difference."
Paxton was born before the time was enough, which caused the boy to develop a serious problem in his right leg, which stunted the limb's growth. Three years ago, Paxton's parents made the difficult decision to have the boy's right leg amputated and replaced with an artificial limb. Paxton's mother, Stephanie, appreciates how their new pet addition helps her son normalize his physical differences.
"It gives him the opportunity to tell the kids, 'Oh, she's missing a paw, she's like me,' " the mom explained. "And like it gives him that voice, too, to advocate for himself."
Blaine, Paxton's father, has also been moved by seeing Paxton and Marvel enjoy walks together on trails near their house. "It's like they knew they were special," Blaine said. "The amount of emotions was running through me at the time," he continued. "It was just awesome because she was in the perfect place at the perfect time."
Marvel might need a wheelchair or an artificial paw of her own as she grows larger and gets older. The family hopes that Paxton will someday be able to run with his artificial leg and that Marvel will be there to run beside him.
1.When did Paxton lose one of his limbs
A.When he was born. B.When he met the pet.
C.When he was four years old. D.When he was seven years old.
2.What does the underlined word "stunted" in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Making something grow healthily. B.Stopping something from growing normally.
C.Helping something to develop rapidly. D.Forcing something to develop partly.
3.How did Blaine feel about the company of Marvel
A.Horrible. B.Grateful. C.Addictive. D.Uncertain.
4.What is the main idea of the text
A.A boy found a pet dog in the street. B.The golden retriever saved her owner.
C.The Williams adopted a golden retriever. D.A disabled boy adopted a dog without a paw.
8. When he was a little boy his uncle called him "Sparky", after a comic-strip(漫画) horse named Spark Plug. School was all but impossible for Sparky. He failed every subject in the eighth grade. He failed physics in high school, getting a grade of zero.
He also failed Latin, maths and English. And his record in sports wasn't any better. Though he did manage to make the school's golf team, he lost the only important match of the season.
Throughout his youth, Sparky was awkward socially. It wasn't that the other students disliked him; it's just that no one really cared all that much. In fact, Sparky was astonished if a classmate ever said hello to him outside of school hours. Sparky was a loser. He, his classmates...everyone knew it. So he learned to live with it. He made up his mind early that if things were meant to work out, they would. Otherwise he would content himself with what appeared to be his mediocrity.
One thing was important to Sparky, however—drawing. He was proud of his artwork. No one else appreciated it. But that didn't seem to matter to him. In his senior year of high school, he submitted some cartoons to the yearbook. The editors rejected the concept. Despite this brush-off, Sparky was convinced of his ability. He even decided to become an artist.
So, after completing high school, Sparky wrote to Walt Disney Studios. They asked for samples(样品) of his artwork. Despite careful preparation, it too was rejected.
But Sparky still didn't give up. Instead, he decided to tell his own life's story in cartoons. Sparky's cartoon character went on to become a cultural phenomenon of sorts. People readily identified with this "lovable loser". He reminded people of the painful and embarrassing moments from their own past. The character soon became famous worldwide: "Charlie Brown". And Sparky is the highly successful cartoonist Charles Schultz.
1.What do we know about Sparky as a child
A.He was brought up by his uncle. B.He was excellent in some sports.
C.He was sick of all school subjects. D.He was short of talent in many aspects.
2.Which of the following can replace the underlined word "mediocrity" in Paragraph 3
A.Averageness. B.Unpleasantness C.Misfortune. D.Helplessness.
3.How did Sparky make his cartoon character a success
A.By showing the power of humour. B.By refreshing the readers' memory.
C.By presenting funny positive stories. D.By reforming the technique of drawing.
4.What can we learn from Sparky's story
A.Better later than never. B.Bad times make a good man.
C.Actions speak louder than words. D.Where there is a will, there is a way.
答案以及解析
1.答案：1-4 BBAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的"Make-A-Wish, a charitable organization whose purpose is to make the dreams of seriously ill children come true"可知,Make-A-Wish旨在帮助罹患重病的孩子实现梦想。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的"While she couldn't have been more proud of Abraham"可知,Abraham的妈妈为Abraham感到骄傲。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据第二段第二句"Rather than something for himself, Abraham chose to show thanks for his good fortune by passing it along to others."可知,Abraham 推己及人,选择通过将好运传递给他人来表达自己的感激之情。由此可推知,Abraham是一个善良且懂得感恩的人。故选A。
4.推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了天生患有重病的Abraham通过移植手术痊愈后传递善良与感恩,为更多的人带来帮助与温暖的故事。由此可推知,文章传达了"当生活赐予你奇迹时,你可以把它传递下去"这个信息。故选C。
2.答案：1-4 CBDA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段内容尤其是第一句"Mangal Shah runs a living unit called Palawi under Prabha-Hira Pratisthan, an NGO, in Pandharpur, Maharashtra, for HIV positive children."可知,Mangal Shah 设立Palawi是为了帮助那些患有艾滋病的孩子们。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句"Soon after her marriage, when other women in the family devoted their time on religious activities, Shah was more interested in helping the needy."并结合第四段内容可知,在Shah结婚后,当家族中的其他女性把自己的时间花费在宗教活动上时,Shah对帮助有需要的人更加感兴趣。由此可知,Shah是从结婚后开始帮助有需要的人们的。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容尤其是倒数第二句"Their relatives feared that the girls would bring shame and the risk of infection(感染) to the entire family."可知,这两名被遗弃的小女孩的亲属们担心她们会给整个家庭带来耻辱和感染的风险。由此可推知,人们对艾滋病有歧视。故选D。
4.推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了68岁的Mangal Shah成立组织帮助Maharashtra近25名艾滋病患儿的故事。由此可推知,Shah是一个热心的人。故选A。
3.答案：1-4 DAAA
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句并结合第一段第一句中的"like high beauty standards, Helen, the super-smart girl in my class"可知,画线词所在句表示她拥有一头秀丽的黑色长发,大大的眼睛以及最美丽的脸庞。由此可推知,画线词fabulous应意为"极好的",与D项意思相近。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段第五句"When the class was dismissed and everyone rushed to their next class, Helen caught up to me and said, 'I just thought you should know, I think you are really pretty.'"可知,Helen在下课后和作者交谈是为了告诉作者她认为作者很漂亮。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句"I replied doubtfully, 'Oh my god, thank you!'…'She thinks I am pretty '"可知,作者对于Helen的赞美将信将疑。故选A。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段内容尤其是第五句"Neither of us are perfect."可知,作者最后明白了人无完人的道理。故选A。
4.答案：1-4 BDAC
解析：1.考查词义猜测。画线部分上一段提到男孩David Aguilar现在的成就,接着本段详细描述了这些成就来之不易。所以画线部分是指:他在成功前遭受了很多磨难。故选B。
2.考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段的最后一句"In August the same year, he managed to make a normal prosthesis for Beknur…"和最后一段的"And the experience has inspired Aguilar. 'If I did it for Beknur, why not for any other boy or girl who is missing an arm or a leg or afoot ' he says, his eyes alight with ideas."可知,David Aguilar萌生帮助他人的这一想法,是在他为Beknur做假肢之后。故选D。
3.考查人物评价。根据男孩David Aguilar用乐高积木做假肢这件事可知,他是"有创造力的";再根据第一段中的"Now on the way of finishing a degree in bioengineering, he dreams of working to help other children who, like him, were born different."可推知他是"有爱心的"。故选A。
4.考查推理判断。本文主要讲述了独臂男孩David Aguilar身残志坚的故事。他在童年时期饱受欺凌,而他借玩乐高积木来躲避欺凌,后来他竟用乐高积木成功为自己制作了灵活的假肢。他的故事告诉我们:世上无难事,只怕有心人。故选C。
5.答案：1-4 DBAC
解析：1.词义猜测题。画线词所在句为第一段与下文的故事内容之间的过渡句,起到承上启下的作用,故应是对下文故事的概括。根据下文内容可知,这个故事讲述了杰登·海斯对悲伤和焦虑的不同理解。interpretation意为"理解;解释",符合语境。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的However, in his grief he realized how difficult it was for him to see others around him feeling sad.以及第四段中的All little Jaden Hayes wants in return is to make people smile.可知,杰登·海斯不愿意看到别人悲伤,希望看到人们的笑脸。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据第一段中的people are continuing to struggle and in need of a smile以及第二段内容可知,作者讲述杰登·海斯的故事是为了让人们从不同角度理解并克服悲伤和焦虑,用微笑面对生活,所以作者的目的是鼓励人们振作起来。故选A。
4.主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了一个孤儿用赠送玩具的方式给人们带来快乐,因此C项(传递快乐的孤儿)最适合作本文的题目。故选C。
6.答案：1-4 ABDB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知, 在飓风摧毁了巴拿马城的麦当劳门店后, Devon的母亲Tiffany Winters在社交媒体上发帖询问是否有人能帮忙找到(麦当劳)著名的"金拱门", 以便让她的儿子参加手工艺制作比赛。由此可知, Tiffany Winters在网上发帖是为她的儿子向大众寻求帮助。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的"who live in the countryside 40 miles from the nearest town"可知, Devon一家住在一个偏远的山村。故选B。
3.指代判断题。根据最后一段最后三句" 'You hear all negative(否定的) news in the world. You don't hear a lot of the good stories,' added Brent. 'So it's nice to be part of one.' "可知, Brent认为人们听到的总是负面新闻, 很少听到美好的故事。而Devon一家被帮助的故事是个美好的。由此可推知, 画线词在句表示这件事成为了一个美好的故事中的一部分。由此可推知, 画线词指代的是一个美好的故事。故选D。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 本文主要讲述了麦当劳的店长帮助了自闭症男孩Devon及其家庭的故事。B项"赠人玫瑰, 手有余香"概括了文章大意。故选B。
7.答案：1-4 CBBD
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段第二句"She's since been taken in by the Williams family in Waconia, whose 7-year-old son, Paxton Williams, had his right leg cut away three years ago."可知, 七岁的Paxton Williams三年前右腿截肢。由此可知, 他在四岁时失去了右腿。故选C。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的"Paxton was born before the time was enough, which caused the boy to develop a serious problem in his right leg"可知, Paxton未足月便出生了, 这导致他的右腿出现了严重的问题。由此可推知, 此处应表示这阻碍了腿部的生长。因此, 画线词应意为"阻碍某物正常生长", 与B项意思相符。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据第五段内容尤其是第一句"Blaine, Paxton's father, has also been moved by seeing Paxton and Marvel enjoy walks together on trails near their house."和最后一句中的"It was just awesome because she was in the perfect place at the perfect time."可知, 看着Paxton和Marvel在家附近的小路上一起享受散步的乐趣, Paxton的父亲Blaine深受感动。他认为Marvel是在完美的时间出现在了完美的地方。由此可推知, 他对于Marvel对自己儿子的陪伴充满感激之情。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 文章主要讲述了幼时失去右腿的Paxton收养了一出生就没有右前爪的金毛猎犬Marvel的故事。故选D。
8.答案：1-4 DABD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句"He failed every subject in the eighth grade."和第四句"And his record in sports wasn't any better."可知, 被叔叔称为"Sparky"的Charles Schultz在小时候各门功课都很差, 体育成绩也不怎么好。由此可知, Sparky孩提时在很多方面都缺乏天赋。故选D。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句前一句"He made up his mind early that if things were meant to work out, they would."可知, Sparky很早就下定决心, 如果自己认定事情会成功, 它们就一定会成功。结合第二、三段内容可知, 画线词所在句表示否则自己会满足于平庸的状态。由此可推知, mediocrity应意为"平庸, 普通", 与A项意思相近。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段第四、五句"People readily identified with this 'lovable loser'. He reminded people of the painful and embarrassing moments from their own past."可知, 人们很容易认同这个"可爱的失败者"(的形象), 他使人们想起自己过去的痛苦和难堪的时刻。由此可推知, Sparky的漫画通过唤醒读者对过去的记忆而获得成功。故选B。
4.推理判断题。通读全文可知, 文章讲述了Sparky小时候资质平平, 但他没有甘于平凡, 立志要发挥自己的画画特长, 努力追寻自己的梦想, 在此过程中虽然遭遇了各种困难, 但他最终成为了一位成功的漫画家的故事。由此可推知, 我们能从Sparky的故事中学到"有志者, 事竟成"。故选D。
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