2024届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题十二 阅读理解综合训练A卷（含答案）
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2024届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题十二 阅读理解综合训练（A卷）
1. I live in Xizhou in Yunnan Province, on the historic Tea Horse Road. I have to admit that when I first heard that Paul Salopek was going to walk the entire globe on his own two feet, I was blown away. I couldn't imagine that there could be such an unusual person in the world.
Last May, I met Paul. He told me that it was his first time in China. He talked to me with great excitement about the history, migrations, and discoveries in my region of China. He spoke of the Shu-Yandu Dao (the Sichuan to India trading route), the Southern Silk Road, the travels of the 17th-century Chinese explorer Xu Xiake, the Tea Horse Road and the early 20th-century American botanist Joseph Rock. He also talked of Xuanzang.
I decided to accompany Paul on his walk toward Yunnan. On September 28, 2021, we set out. Our days were simple: walk, eat, sleep, and repeat. We woke up at sunrise, set off in high spirits, and rested at sunset, dragging ourselves into exhausted sleep.
We met many people on the road. Some were curious, surrounding us and watching us; some gave us directions; some invited us into their home to take a rest; some spoke of the charm of their hometown. We met many beautiful souls, simple souls and warm souls. We were walking with our minds.
Together, we were impressed by the biodiversity of the Gaoligong Mountains. As I walked on ancient paths through mountains, I seemed to hear the antique voices of past travelers urging me to be careful on the road.
Looking back on the more than 200 miles I walked with Paul, I came to a realization. Walking for its own sake, while healthy and admirable, is only a small part of the benefit of moving with our feet. A deeper reward is rediscovering the world around us, shortening the distance between each other, and sharing each other's cultures.
1.How did the writer first respond to Paul's travel plan
A.Scared. B.Puzzled. C.Disappointed. D.Surprised.
2.What can we learn about Paul Salopek from Paragraph 2
A.He was a Western journalist. B.He had a knowledge of China.
C.He came to China several times. D.He was Joseph Rock's acquaintance.
3.What does Paragraph 4 tell us about the writer and Paul
A.They honored the ancestors. B.They set off in high spirits.
C.They satisfied the locals' curiosity. D.They built bonds with people.
4.What is the main purpose of the writer's writing the text
A.To share and reflect on a journey. B.To suggest a new way of travel.
C.To advocate the protection of biodiversity. D.To introduce and promote Chinese culture.
2. John Dominis was one of the staff photographers of LIFE. He joined LIFE in 1950 and shot one of the most classic pictures of the 20th century: Tommie Smith and John Carlos giving the Black Power salute at the 1968 Olympics in Mexico City.
Here, LIFE looks back at one of his lesser-known shoots—the African Antelope, which was a cover story that earned him Magazine Photographer of the Year in 1966 and later became a book. In the Editor's Note that accompanies the story, Dominis described how he was able to get the dramatic photo without a telephoto lens.
"I wanted to get low-angle shots that gave a dramatic sense of their speed. I built boxes and mounted cameras in them," Dominis explained. "John Mbuthi and I worked for three weeks with them. We'd go a mile ahead of a herd and put down the boxes and hide them. Then we'd hide a quarter of a mile away and wait maybe for several hours. Meanwhile the light might change and there was no way I could change the exposures in the cameras. If the animal reached the boxes, I pushed the button that set off the cameras by a radio signal and ran off a whole roll of film. I must have exposed 40 rolls, but ended up with only one really good photo."
The Briscoe Center recently acquired John Dominis' works. "These pictures and collections have something to say about how Americans perceive the outside world," said Ben Wright of the Briscoe Center. "They are not only beautiful and interesting, but also historical evidences that help historians to understand the past with accuracy and integrity."
1.What contributed to Dominis' winning Magazine Photographer of the Year in 1966
A.His close cooperation with John Mbuthi. B.His qualified skills in photography.
C.His photo of the African Antelope. D.His famous shot about the 1968 Olympics.
2.What does the underlined word "mounted" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Fixed. B.Added. C.Adjusted. D.Focused.
3.What would Dominis do if the antelopes reached the boxes
A.Send a signal to the radio. B.Operate the cameras remotely.
C.Press the button on the camera. D.Hide a quarter of a mile away.
4.Which can best describe Dominis at work
A.Strict and positive. B.Flexible and modest.
C.Curious and independent. D.Creative and determined.
3. As a medical student in Richmond, Eleanor Love showed up at as many wedding venues as possible, even when she didn't know the bride and groom. She would call their wedding coordinators (协调员) and ask if she could stop by after their big day, and they almost always agreed.
Love, now a Virginia-based doctor, knows that weddings create a lot of leftover flowers—and that means more opportunities for her to collect after-wedding flowers and give them to her lonely patients, many of whom don't often get visitors, let alone expensive flowers.
Love, 27, who recently graduated from Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) School of Medicine and is doing her general residency (专科住院医生实习期) at Riverside Regional Medical Center in Newport News, had decided on the idea while working at the VCU hospital as a medical student and interacting with patients who were severely ill. "You are there primarily as a learner, although you want to make an impact on your patients, you don't have the same knowledge as physicians," Love thought.
So in 2019, she started a project called "The Simple Sunflower" in Richmond, and so far has delivered more than 760 bunches of flowers to patients at VCU Medical Center. She brought fellow students and other people into her project, and now has more than 200 volunteers on the email list. She said the idea is not new, and that other cities across the country have similar programs.
Love has a lifelong appreciation of flowers and gardening, which she got from her mother. Love recalls her father taking her to a garden store and letting her pick a seed packet. She chose sunflower seeds and planted them—and years later, she chose "The Simple Sunflower" as the name for her project. Love, who worked part-time in a flower shop before medical school, cited several studies showing that flowers and other plants help hospital patients recover.
1. Why does Love frequent wedding venues
A. To make new friends. B. To bless the bride and groom.
C. To work as a coordinator. D. To pick up leftover flowers.
2. What made Love start "The Simple Sunflower"
A. The requirements of a student doctor. B. Her intention to help lonely patients.
C. Encouragement from her fellow students. D. Her desire to be a pioneer in the field.
3. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Love's bond with flowers. B. Love's study in a medical school.
C. Love's efforts to expand her project. D. Love's appreciation for her parents' help.
4. Which of the following can best describe Love
A. Caring and devoted. B. Courageous and strict.
C. Innocent and generous. D. Ambitious and sensitive.
4.For many years, students had improved by answering questions and doing best on the exam. But in the late 2010s, many students were doing more poorly on the exam than on the homework leading up to it. They would even ace the very first homework assignment, the one that quizzed them on material they had not learned yet. In 2008, only around 3 out of 20 students performed better on their homework than on the exam. But that share grew over time. By 2019, more than half of the students had performed this way.
What had changed over those years One big thing was the rise of smartphones. They existed in 2008, but were not common. Now almost everyone carries one. So it would be easier today to quickly go online and find the answer to just about any homework question. But students can't use phones during an exam. And that might explain why they aren't doing well on the tests.
The students who did better on their exams didn't always report that they had come up with their own homework answers. And those who did better on their homework didn't always say that they had ing up with answers on your own should lead to better learning for students at any age. If you find and then copy the right answer, you're taking the easy way out. But that is wasting a valuable practice opportunity. It may take a few more minutes to think of an answer on your own, and then check to see if it's right. But that's the way you'll learn more.
Now that information is easily available to everyone all the time, it probably doesn't make sense for teachers to expect students to take quizzes and exams without it. From now on, we shouldn't ever give a closed-book exam. Instead, teachers should come up with homework and exam questions that Google can't easily answer. These might be questions that ask you to explain a passage you just read in your own words. Writing assignments and class projects are other great ways to encourage students to remember and apply their knowledge.
1. What does the underlined word "ace" in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Do well in.
B. Put effort into.
C. Pay attention to.
D. Get involved in.
2. From Paragraph 3, we can know that ______.
A. addiction to mobile games decreases students' study grades
B. online tutoring influences the regular classroom learning
C. the modern technology reduces students' motivation for learning
D. searching online for answers stops students' independent thinking
3. What does the author suggest to teachers in the last paragraph
A. Blocking students' access to information.
B. Giving students more quizzes and exams.
C. Creating original questions for students.
D. Minimizing the class teaching and activities.
4. What is the text mainly about
A. Creative examinations are necessary.
B.T he ways students do their homework.
C. The application of the Internet in teaching.
D. Students do better on homework than on exams.
5. Discoveries at the famous Sanxingdui ruins in Southwest China show that the region's ancient Shu Kingdom civilization shared similarities with the Mayan civilization.
The Sanxingdui ruins belonged to the Shu Kingdom that existed at least 4,800 years ago and lasted more than 2,000 years, while the Mayan civilization built its city-states around 200 AD.
The bronze-made remains of trees unearthed at the ruins of the Shu Kingdom resemble the sacred ceiba tree, which symbolized the union of the world in the Mayan civilization. "It is a very important similarity, says Santos, a Mexican archaeologist(考古学家), stressing that "The representations of trees in both cultures provide a symbolic significance that is very similar".
The findings at the Sanxingdui ruins, considered one of the greatest archaeological discoveries of the 20th century, also show a new aspect of Bronze Age culture, indicating the ancient civilization already had technologies that were thought to have been developed much later.
While the time span between the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan culture is great, the findings highlight the closeness between the two civilizations. They developed in areas with comparable climates and reflected their worldview through related symbols. "In the end, man is still man, independent of time and space. What we have is that, at this latitude(纬度), both the Shu people and the Mayans looked at the same sky and had the same stars on the horizon," the expert says.
One notable feature of the recent discoveries at Sanxingdui was the cross-subject work and technology applied by teams of Chinese archaeologists, which allowed the unearthing of artifacts as fragile as silk remains, which other types of less careful digging methods would not have been able to register.
Cooperation between Chinese and Mexican archaeologists could benefit projects in the Mayan world, where the rainy climate and humidity are problematic for the conservation of ruins.
"Every time our cultural knowledge increases, regardless of whether we speak one language or another, what it shows us is that we continue to be sister cultures and, therefore, the exchange of such knowledge is fundamental," says Santos.
1.What is a similarity between the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan civilization
A.Their starting time. B.Their historical origins.
C.Their cultural symbols. D.Their ceremony traditions.
2.The findings at the Sanxingdui ruins have proved that ______.
A.silk was a common clothing material then
B.some technologies were developed much earlier
C.the Bronze Age started earlier than previously assumed
D.the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan world had close contact
3.What is a common challenge for the conservation of
A.Damp weather. B.Positioning of ruins.
C.High latitude. D.Language barriers.
4.What is the focus of Santos' quote in the last paragraph
A.The future of the China-Mexico cooperation.
B.The benefits of speaking a different language.
C.The importance of the exchange of cultural knowledge.
D.The increasing sisterhood in culture between China and Mexico.
6. Teenagers who travel around the world alone have been making headlines quite often. A young person alone in a dangerous situation attracts attention and sponsors. Young sailors also attract various views. For example, Jessica Watson was asked by the government to cancel her voyage, yet the Prime Minister called her “a hero for young Australians” when she returned. It seemed there is confusion about the competence and independence of young people.
The popular psychologists tell us that teenage brains are likely to make wrong judgments. But such ideas often do not apply to specific individuals. Between the ages of 14 and 18, teenagers vary greatly in their abilities. The amount of independence that each is allowed should be determined not simply by their age but by discussion with the related, responsible adults. Some teens are certainly inexperienced and capable of childish mistakes, but the ones who attempt dangerous journeys normally do so by winning the confidence of hard-headed and well-qualified adult supporters.
But it’s also wrong to think that any 16-year-old can desire to get achievements as unusual as Jessica Watson’s. Watson calls herself “an ordinary girl who had a dream”. Her intention is to encourage teenagers but this idea can have the opposite effect of making them feel not good enough because great achievements are beyond them. Should all teens have such dreams Actually, individuals face varying circumstances that restrict their dreams.
Teenagers who travel around the world alone should not be judged by preconceived (事先形成的 ) views about young people. Nor should young “ordinary” teenagers feel pressure to long for extraordinary personal goals. In fact, I believe the example of solo sailing overstresses individualism. The teenage years are when most of us “ordinary” people learn that we can achieve great things in cooperation with others.
1.What can we learn about Jessica Watson
A.She was criticized by the government.
B.She eventually canceled her voyage.
C.She has traveled around the world.
D.She made a successful voyage.
2.What can be inferred about teenagers from the text
A.They have similar abilities.
B.They make decisions on their own.
C.They always make wrong judgments.
D.They need supports of responsible adults.
3.Who does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A.Parents. B.Teenagers. C.Psychologists. D.Adults.
4.What is the best title for the text
A.Divided Opinions on Young Adventurers
B.Problems Faced by Adventurous Teens
C.Various Ways to Become Independent
D.Pressure to Achieve Personal Goals
7. No matter where you live in the world, or where else you travel, there is often a beautiful island within easy reach. Here are some of them for you to enjoy.
Zanzibar, Tanzania
Unguja is the largest island of Zanzibar with accommodation for all budgets. It lies in the Indian Ocean, off Tanzania on the east coast of Africa. Also known as the "Spice Islands", Zanzibar has a history of trade in cloves, cinnamon, and other spices. There is plenty you can see and do at very little cost in Zanzibar. You can explore the maze of the old Stone Town and eat at local markets. The beaches and the Dhows (阿拉伯三角帆船) in the water during sunrise and sunset on the coast are sublime.
The Pearl Islands, Panama
The Pearl Islands in the Gulf of Panama used to be a getaway that only the relatively wealthy could afford. But the case is not so nowadays! Contadora Island is the main island and where you will find more of the higher-end resorts. To get more affordable ones, you can look to some of the other islands such as Saboga Island, and go whale watching along the way.
Hainan Island, China
Another island that caters to all budgets is Hainan Island, almost the most southern area of China you can visit. It's not small with a land area of 35,400 square kilometers, which means you have plenty within reach. There are historical sites, beaches and tropical forests all on the island.
Komodo Island, Indonesia
Named after the Komodo dragon, a large lizard native to the land in its honor, Komodo Island is in Indonesia in Southeast Asia. Referred to as the real-life Jurassic Park, Komodo is an island for getting back to basics. Activities include trekking, diving, and, of course, exploring beaches. One of the beaches has sand that is pink—and is one of the seven amazing pink sand beaches in the world.
1. Which island has long been a trading area of spices
A. Zanzibar. B. The Pearl Islands.
C. Hainan Island. D. Komodo Island.
2. What can you do on the Pearl Islands
A. Eat at local markets. B. Visit the tropical forests.
C. Explore the sandy beaches. D. Observe whales in the sea.
3. What do you know about the Komodo Island
A. It's named after a lizard. B. It's located in Northeast Asia.
C. It is the filming location of Jurassic Park. D. It has the only pink sand beach in the world.
8.I often find myself drawn to books that explore rural settings. Here are a few books that I've read and loved.
Rush Oh!
(by Shirley Barrett)
Rush 0h! is one of the most touching books I've read. It follows the Davidsons, a whaling family from Wales. After the death of her mother, Mary Davidson has many worries: her five siblings(兄弟姐妹) and caring for her father. The author Barrett's exploration of this world and her characters are bittersweet and humorous.
Questions of Travel
(by Michelle de Kretser)
Questions of Travel is a portrait of Ravi, a Sri Lankan refugee(难民) who flees to Australia after his wife and son's death, and Laura, a young woman who moves to London and back again. The writing is beautiful and touching. Never before have I read Sydney brought so vividly to life.
The Life and Loves of Lena Gaunt
(by Tracy Farr)
Lena Gaunt, in her 80s, looks back on her long and fascinating life. She has eventually traveled widely as a player of an instrument. Lena Gaunt reveals the parts of her life that gave her joy—her music, her daughter, Grace, and her lover as well as those touched by the sadness of loss.
Too Easy
(by J. M. Green)
Too Easy is an irresistible novel starring Stella Hardy, a social worker in Melbourne. When one of Stella's clients is murdered and a neighbor goes missing, Stella begins to investigate. The plot sets a cracking pace through police investigations and journeys to Western Australia.
1. Which of the following is set in Sydney
A. Rush Oh!
B. The Life and Loves of Lena Gaunt
C. Too Easy
D. Questions of Travel
2. What is the book The Life and Loves of Lena Gaunt mainly about
A. Bittersweet teenage experiences.
B. Attractive musical instruments.
C. Heart-shaking investigations.
D. Happiness and sorrow in life.
3. What is the main purpose of this text
A. To recommend excellent writers.
B. To analyze book qualities.
C. To introduce good works.
D. To express personal values.
答案以及解析
1.答案：1-4 DBDA
解析：1.根据第一段中的"I have to admit...in the world"可知, 作者不得不承认, 当第一次听说Paul Salopek要用自己的双脚环游世界时, 他被震撼了。他无法想象世界上会有这样一个不寻常的人。据此可知, 作者最初对Paul的旅行计划感到吃惊。故选D。
2.根据第二段Paul Salopek的说话内容可知, Paul Salopek是第一次来中国。跟作者讲起作者所在的中国地区的历史、迁移和发现时, Paul很激动。他谈到了南方丝绸之路, 17世纪中国探险家徐霞客的旅行, 茶马古道, 以及20世纪初的美国植物学家Joseph Rock。他还谈到了玄奘。据此可推知, Paul Salopek对中国有一定的了解。故选B。
3.根据第四段的内容可知, 作者和Paul Salopek在路上遇到了许多人。有些人很好奇, 围绕着他们, 看着他们; 有些人给他们指路; 有些人邀请他们去他们家休息; 有些人谈到了他们家乡的魅力。他们遇见了许多美好的人, 朴素的人和温暖的人。据此可推知, 作者和Paul与人们建立了联系。故选D。
4.通读全文内容可知, 作者住在历史悠久的茶马古道上, 他遇到了要用双脚环游世界的Paul Salopek, 于是决定陪Paul游云南。文章描述了他们路上的见闻和作者的感悟。由此推知, 作者写作的目的是分享和回顾一段旅程。故选A。
2.答案：1-4 CABD
解析：1.根据第二段中的"Here, LIFE looks back...later became a book"可知,《生活》杂志回顾了Dominis不太为人所知的拍摄非洲羚羊的过程, 这张照片为他赢得了年度杂志摄影师的称号。故非洲羚羊照片让Dominis成为1966年的年度杂志摄影师。故选C。
2.根据画线词上文"I wanted to get...I built boxes"以及后文"cameras in them"可知, Dominis想要拍摄低角度的照片, 向人们展示羚羊速度的夸张, 所以做了一些盒子。由此可推知, Dominis应是在盒子里面安装了摄像机。故画线词应与A项"安装"的意思更为接近。B项"增加"; C项"调整"; D项"集中"。故选A。
3.根据第三段中的"If the animal reached...a whole roll of film"可知, 如果羚羊到了盒子边, Dominis就按下按钮, 通过无线电信号启动摄像机, 然后拍下一整卷胶卷, 即Dominis会远程操作摄像机。故选B。
4.根据第三段中的"I wanted to...in them"可知, Dominis为了拍摄低角度的照片制作了盒子并在里面装上摄像机, 说明他具有创造性; 结合"wait maybe for several hours"可知, 他为了一张照片可能会等待好几个小时, 说明他意志力坚定。由此可知, Dominis有创造力并且意志力坚定。故选D。
3.答案：1-4 DBAA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段内容…that means more opportunities for her to collect after-wedding flowers and give them to her lonely patients, many of whom don't often get visitors, let alone expensive flowers.可知,洛夫经常去婚礼场地是因为她想收集婚礼结束后剩余的花,并把它们送给她孤独的病人。故选D。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段关键句"You are there primarily as a learner, although you want to make an impact on your patients, you don't have the same knowledge as physicians," Love thought.和第四段中的So in 2019,she started a project called "The Simple Sunflower" in Richmond 可知,洛夫在医院里主要是一个学习者,但她想给病人带来影响,于是她通过成立The Simple Sunflower这一项目,为病人送去鲜花。由此可推知,洛夫开始The Simple Sunflower这一项目是因为她打算帮助孤独的病人。故选B。
3.主旨大意题。通读最后一段内容并结合关键句Love has a lifelong appreciation of flowers and gardening, which she got from her mother.可知,本段主要讲述了洛夫的母亲让她喜欢上鲜花和园艺,父亲让她拥有了种植向日葵的经历,她将她的项目取名为The Simple Sunflower,此外,她还有在花店兼职的经历。由此可知,最后一段主要讲的是洛夫和花之间的渊源。故选A。
4.推理判断题。通读文章内容并结合第四段第一句可知,洛夫成立的项目已经为弗吉尼亚联邦大学医疗中心的患者送去了760多束鲜花,由此可推知,洛夫是一个关心他人且有奉献精神的人。故选A。
4.答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.C; 4.D
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句But in the late 2010s, many students were doing more poorly on the exam than on the homework leading up to it.可知,在21世纪10年代末,许多学生在考试前的家庭作业中的表现比在考试中的表现好。再由第三句中的even可知,后文表示递进。由此可推断,ace意为 "在……方面做得好"。B项(对……付出努力)、C项(注意)和D项(卷入)都不正确。故选A。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段可知,上网搜答案然后抄在作业上虽然快捷方便,但这是浪费珍贵的实践机会。自己想出答案虽然花费时间长,但这样才能学到更多东西。由此可知, 上网搜答案会阻止学生独立思考。A项(沉迷于手机游戏会降低学生的学习成绩)、B项(在线辅导影响了正常的课堂学习)和C项(现代科技降低了学生的学习动机)不符合第三段的表述,所以都不正确。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段最后三句可知,老师应该想出谷歌不容易回答的家庭作业和考试问题。由此可推断,作者建议教师给学生布置网上搜不到答案的家庭作业和考试问题,让学生用自己的话回答,说明作者建议老师为学生提出原创的问题。A项(阻止学生获取信息)、B 项(给学生更多的测验和考试)以及D项(最大限度地减少课堂教学和活动)在最后一段没有被提及,所以都不正确。故选C。
4.主旨大意题。第一段介绍现在的学生在作业上的表现比在考试中的表现好这个现象;第二段介绍此现象出现的原因,第三段介绍自己想答案的好处,网上抄答案的坏处;最后一段介绍作者建议老师为学生提出原创的问题,来杜绝这种现象。因此,D项"比起考试,学生在作业方面做得更好"符合文章主旨。A项(创造性的考试是必要的)、B 项(学生做作业的方式)以及C项(网络在教学中的应用)只是文章中出现的细节内容,并不能概括文章主旨,所以都不正确。故选D。
5.答案：1-4 CBAC
解析：1.根据第三段中的"The representations of trees in both cultures provide a symbolic significance that is very similar"可知, 古蜀国文明和玛雅文明中的树木的表现形式有着非常相似的象征意义, 即它们的相似性是考古中发现的树木的表现形式所代表的文化符号。故选C。
2.根据第四段内容可知, 三星堆遗址显示了青铜时代已经有了被认为是很久以后才发展起来的技术, 即一些技术其实在很早前就发展起来了。故选B。
3.根据第五段中的"They developed in areas with comparable climates"和第七段内容可知, 两处遗址是在气候相似的地区发展起来的, 玛雅的气候是多雨的和潮湿的, 由此可推知, 它们面临的共同挑战是潮湿气候。故选A。
4.根据最后一段中的"the exchange of such knowledge is fundamental"可知, Santos的引言的重点是强调文化知识交流的重要性。故选C。
6.答案：1.D; 2.D; 3.B; 4.A
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"For example, Jessica Watson was asked by the government to cancel her voyage, yet the Prime Minister called her 'a hero for young Australians' when she returned." 可知,政府要求 Jessica Watson 取消航行,但在她返回时总理称她为"澳大利亚年轻人的英雄"。 由此可知,Jessica Watson进行了一次成功的航行。故选D。A项"她受到了政府的批评。" ;B项"她最终取消了航行; C项"她周游了澳大利亚"。故选D。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的"The amount of independence that each is allowed should be determined not simply by their age... by winning the confidence of hard-headed and well-qualified adult supporters."可知,青少年需要负责任的成年人的支持。故选D。A项与第二段中的"Between the ages of 14 and 18, teenagers vary greatly in their abilities."矛盾;B项所述观点文中未提及;C项提到的"他们总是做出错误的判断。"太过武断,文中第二段第一句只是提到青少年可能会做出错误的判断。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段画线词所在句子以及上文 "But it's also wrong to think that any 16-year-old can desire to get achievements as unusual as Jessica Watson's."可知,认为任何16岁的青少年都渴望获得和Jessica Watson 一样不寻常的成就也是错误的。Watson称自己为"一个有梦想的普通女孩"。她这样做的目的是鼓励青少年,但是这个想法可能产生相反的效果,使他们感到自己不够好,因为(在他们看来)伟大的成就是他们不可触及的。所以,画线词them指代的是前文提到的青少年。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知,独自一人环游世界的青少年经常成为头条新闻,一位名叫Jessica Watson的青少年成了澳大利亚年轻人的英雄,对此人们有着不同的看法。故A 项"对年轻冒险者的不同看法"概括了本文内容。故选A。 B项"有冒险精神的青少年面临的问题";C项"变得独立的各种各样的方法";D项"实现个人目标的压力"。故选A。
7.答案：1-3 ADA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据Zanzibar, Tanzania部分第三句Also known as the "Spice Islands , Zanzibar has a history of trade in cloves, cinnamon, and other spices.可知,桑给巴尔岛也被称为"香料岛屿",它有丁香、肉桂和其他香料的贸易记载。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据The Pearl Islands, Panama部分最后一句To get more affordable ones, you can look to some of the other islands such as Saboga Island, and go whale watching along the way.可知,可以在珍珠群岛中的萨沃加岛沿途观赏鲸鱼。故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据Komodo Island, Indonesia部分第一句Named after the Komodo dragon, a large lizard native to the land in its honor, Komodo Island is in Indonesia in Southeast Asia.可知,科莫多岛位于东南亚的印度尼西亚,是大型蜥蜴科莫多龙的家园,该地因此蜥蜴得名。故选A。
8.答案：1-3DDC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据Questions of Travel部分最后一句 Never before have I read Sydney brought so vividly to life.可知,Questions of Travel是以悉尼为背景的。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据 The Life and Loves of Lena Gaunt 部分最后一句 Lena Gaunt reveals the parts of her life that gave her joy—her music, her daughter, Grace, and her lover as well as those touched by the sadness of loss.可知,The Life and Loves of Lena Gaunt主要是关于生活中的快乐和忧伤。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句Here are a few books that I've read and loved.可知,文章是为了介绍好书。故选C。
2
1. I live in Xizhou in Yunnan Province, on the historic Tea Horse Road. I have to admit that when I first heard that Paul Salopek was going to walk the entire globe on his own two feet, I was blown away. I couldn't imagine that there could be such an unusual person in the world.
Last May, I met Paul. He told me that it was his first time in China. He talked to me with great excitement about the history, migrations, and discoveries in my region of China. He spoke of the Shu-Yandu Dao (the Sichuan to India trading route), the Southern Silk Road, the travels of the 17th-century Chinese explorer Xu Xiake, the Tea Horse Road and the early 20th-century American botanist Joseph Rock. He also talked of Xuanzang.
I decided to accompany Paul on his walk toward Yunnan. On September 28, 2021, we set out. Our days were simple: walk, eat, sleep, and repeat. We woke up at sunrise, set off in high spirits, and rested at sunset, dragging ourselves into exhausted sleep.
We met many people on the road. Some were curious, surrounding us and watching us; some gave us directions; some invited us into their home to take a rest; some spoke of the charm of their hometown. We met many beautiful souls, simple souls and warm souls. We were walking with our minds.
Together, we were impressed by the biodiversity of the Gaoligong Mountains. As I walked on ancient paths through mountains, I seemed to hear the antique voices of past travelers urging me to be careful on the road.
Looking back on the more than 200 miles I walked with Paul, I came to a realization. Walking for its own sake, while healthy and admirable, is only a small part of the benefit of moving with our feet. A deeper reward is rediscovering the world around us, shortening the distance between each other, and sharing each other's cultures.
1.How did the writer first respond to Paul's travel plan
A.Scared. B.Puzzled. C.Disappointed. D.Surprised.
2.What can we learn about Paul Salopek from Paragraph 2
A.He was a Western journalist. B.He had a knowledge of China.
C.He came to China several times. D.He was Joseph Rock's acquaintance.
3.What does Paragraph 4 tell us about the writer and Paul
A.They honored the ancestors. B.They set off in high spirits.
C.They satisfied the locals' curiosity. D.They built bonds with people.
4.What is the main purpose of the writer's writing the text
A.To share and reflect on a journey. B.To suggest a new way of travel.
C.To advocate the protection of biodiversity. D.To introduce and promote Chinese culture.
2. John Dominis was one of the staff photographers of LIFE. He joined LIFE in 1950 and shot one of the most classic pictures of the 20th century: Tommie Smith and John Carlos giving the Black Power salute at the 1968 Olympics in Mexico City.
Here, LIFE looks back at one of his lesser-known shoots—the African Antelope, which was a cover story that earned him Magazine Photographer of the Year in 1966 and later became a book. In the Editor's Note that accompanies the story, Dominis described how he was able to get the dramatic photo without a telephoto lens.
"I wanted to get low-angle shots that gave a dramatic sense of their speed. I built boxes and mounted cameras in them," Dominis explained. "John Mbuthi and I worked for three weeks with them. We'd go a mile ahead of a herd and put down the boxes and hide them. Then we'd hide a quarter of a mile away and wait maybe for several hours. Meanwhile the light might change and there was no way I could change the exposures in the cameras. If the animal reached the boxes, I pushed the button that set off the cameras by a radio signal and ran off a whole roll of film. I must have exposed 40 rolls, but ended up with only one really good photo."
The Briscoe Center recently acquired John Dominis' works. "These pictures and collections have something to say about how Americans perceive the outside world," said Ben Wright of the Briscoe Center. "They are not only beautiful and interesting, but also historical evidences that help historians to understand the past with accuracy and integrity."
1.What contributed to Dominis' winning Magazine Photographer of the Year in 1966
A.His close cooperation with John Mbuthi. B.His qualified skills in photography.
C.His photo of the African Antelope. D.His famous shot about the 1968 Olympics.
2.What does the underlined word "mounted" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Fixed. B.Added. C.Adjusted. D.Focused.
3.What would Dominis do if the antelopes reached the boxes
A.Send a signal to the radio. B.Operate the cameras remotely.
C.Press the button on the camera. D.Hide a quarter of a mile away.
4.Which can best describe Dominis at work
A.Strict and positive. B.Flexible and modest.
C.Curious and independent. D.Creative and determined.
3. As a medical student in Richmond, Eleanor Love showed up at as many wedding venues as possible, even when she didn't know the bride and groom. She would call their wedding coordinators (协调员) and ask if she could stop by after their big day, and they almost always agreed.
Love, now a Virginia-based doctor, knows that weddings create a lot of leftover flowers—and that means more opportunities for her to collect after-wedding flowers and give them to her lonely patients, many of whom don't often get visitors, let alone expensive flowers.
Love, 27, who recently graduated from Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) School of Medicine and is doing her general residency (专科住院医生实习期) at Riverside Regional Medical Center in Newport News, had decided on the idea while working at the VCU hospital as a medical student and interacting with patients who were severely ill. "You are there primarily as a learner, although you want to make an impact on your patients, you don't have the same knowledge as physicians," Love thought.
So in 2019, she started a project called "The Simple Sunflower" in Richmond, and so far has delivered more than 760 bunches of flowers to patients at VCU Medical Center. She brought fellow students and other people into her project, and now has more than 200 volunteers on the email list. She said the idea is not new, and that other cities across the country have similar programs.
Love has a lifelong appreciation of flowers and gardening, which she got from her mother. Love recalls her father taking her to a garden store and letting her pick a seed packet. She chose sunflower seeds and planted them—and years later, she chose "The Simple Sunflower" as the name for her project. Love, who worked part-time in a flower shop before medical school, cited several studies showing that flowers and other plants help hospital patients recover.
1. Why does Love frequent wedding venues
A. To make new friends. B. To bless the bride and groom.
C. To work as a coordinator. D. To pick up leftover flowers.
2. What made Love start "The Simple Sunflower"
A. The requirements of a student doctor. B. Her intention to help lonely patients.
C. Encouragement from her fellow students. D. Her desire to be a pioneer in the field.
3. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Love's bond with flowers. B. Love's study in a medical school.
C. Love's efforts to expand her project. D. Love's appreciation for her parents' help.
4. Which of the following can best describe Love
A. Caring and devoted. B. Courageous and strict.
C. Innocent and generous. D. Ambitious and sensitive.
4.For many years, students had improved by answering questions and doing best on the exam. But in the late 2010s, many students were doing more poorly on the exam than on the homework leading up to it. They would even ace the very first homework assignment, the one that quizzed them on material they had not learned yet. In 2008, only around 3 out of 20 students performed better on their homework than on the exam. But that share grew over time. By 2019, more than half of the students had performed this way.
What had changed over those years One big thing was the rise of smartphones. They existed in 2008, but were not common. Now almost everyone carries one. So it would be easier today to quickly go online and find the answer to just about any homework question. But students can't use phones during an exam. And that might explain why they aren't doing well on the tests.
The students who did better on their exams didn't always report that they had come up with their own homework answers. And those who did better on their homework didn't always say that they had ing up with answers on your own should lead to better learning for students at any age. If you find and then copy the right answer, you're taking the easy way out. But that is wasting a valuable practice opportunity. It may take a few more minutes to think of an answer on your own, and then check to see if it's right. But that's the way you'll learn more.
Now that information is easily available to everyone all the time, it probably doesn't make sense for teachers to expect students to take quizzes and exams without it. From now on, we shouldn't ever give a closed-book exam. Instead, teachers should come up with homework and exam questions that Google can't easily answer. These might be questions that ask you to explain a passage you just read in your own words. Writing assignments and class projects are other great ways to encourage students to remember and apply their knowledge.
1. What does the underlined word "ace" in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Do well in.
B. Put effort into.
C. Pay attention to.
D. Get involved in.
2. From Paragraph 3, we can know that ______.
A. addiction to mobile games decreases students' study grades
B. online tutoring influences the regular classroom learning
C. the modern technology reduces students' motivation for learning
D. searching online for answers stops students' independent thinking
3. What does the author suggest to teachers in the last paragraph
A. Blocking students' access to information.
B. Giving students more quizzes and exams.
C. Creating original questions for students.
D. Minimizing the class teaching and activities.
4. What is the text mainly about
A. Creative examinations are necessary.
B.T he ways students do their homework.
C. The application of the Internet in teaching.
D. Students do better on homework than on exams.
5. Discoveries at the famous Sanxingdui ruins in Southwest China show that the region's ancient Shu Kingdom civilization shared similarities with the Mayan civilization.
The Sanxingdui ruins belonged to the Shu Kingdom that existed at least 4,800 years ago and lasted more than 2,000 years, while the Mayan civilization built its city-states around 200 AD.
The bronze-made remains of trees unearthed at the ruins of the Shu Kingdom resemble the sacred ceiba tree, which symbolized the union of the world in the Mayan civilization. "It is a very important similarity, says Santos, a Mexican archaeologist(考古学家), stressing that "The representations of trees in both cultures provide a symbolic significance that is very similar".
The findings at the Sanxingdui ruins, considered one of the greatest archaeological discoveries of the 20th century, also show a new aspect of Bronze Age culture, indicating the ancient civilization already had technologies that were thought to have been developed much later.
While the time span between the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan culture is great, the findings highlight the closeness between the two civilizations. They developed in areas with comparable climates and reflected their worldview through related symbols. "In the end, man is still man, independent of time and space. What we have is that, at this latitude(纬度), both the Shu people and the Mayans looked at the same sky and had the same stars on the horizon," the expert says.
One notable feature of the recent discoveries at Sanxingdui was the cross-subject work and technology applied by teams of Chinese archaeologists, which allowed the unearthing of artifacts as fragile as silk remains, which other types of less careful digging methods would not have been able to register.
Cooperation between Chinese and Mexican archaeologists could benefit projects in the Mayan world, where the rainy climate and humidity are problematic for the conservation of ruins.
"Every time our cultural knowledge increases, regardless of whether we speak one language or another, what it shows us is that we continue to be sister cultures and, therefore, the exchange of such knowledge is fundamental," says Santos.
1.What is a similarity between the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan civilization
A.Their starting time. B.Their historical origins.
C.Their cultural symbols. D.Their ceremony traditions.
2.The findings at the Sanxingdui ruins have proved that ______.
A.silk was a common clothing material then
B.some technologies were developed much earlier
C.the Bronze Age started earlier than previously assumed
D.the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan world had close contact
3.What is a common challenge for the conservation of
A.Damp weather. B.Positioning of ruins.
C.High latitude. D.Language barriers.
4.What is the focus of Santos' quote in the last paragraph
A.The future of the China-Mexico cooperation.
B.The benefits of speaking a different language.
C.The importance of the exchange of cultural knowledge.
D.The increasing sisterhood in culture between China and Mexico.
6. Teenagers who travel around the world alone have been making headlines quite often. A young person alone in a dangerous situation attracts attention and sponsors. Young sailors also attract various views. For example, Jessica Watson was asked by the government to cancel her voyage, yet the Prime Minister called her “a hero for young Australians” when she returned. It seemed there is confusion about the competence and independence of young people.
The popular psychologists tell us that teenage brains are likely to make wrong judgments. But such ideas often do not apply to specific individuals. Between the ages of 14 and 18, teenagers vary greatly in their abilities. The amount of independence that each is allowed should be determined not simply by their age but by discussion with the related, responsible adults. Some teens are certainly inexperienced and capable of childish mistakes, but the ones who attempt dangerous journeys normally do so by winning the confidence of hard-headed and well-qualified adult supporters.
But it’s also wrong to think that any 16-year-old can desire to get achievements as unusual as Jessica Watson’s. Watson calls herself “an ordinary girl who had a dream”. Her intention is to encourage teenagers but this idea can have the opposite effect of making them feel not good enough because great achievements are beyond them. Should all teens have such dreams Actually, individuals face varying circumstances that restrict their dreams.
Teenagers who travel around the world alone should not be judged by preconceived (事先形成的 ) views about young people. Nor should young “ordinary” teenagers feel pressure to long for extraordinary personal goals. In fact, I believe the example of solo sailing overstresses individualism. The teenage years are when most of us “ordinary” people learn that we can achieve great things in cooperation with others.
1.What can we learn about Jessica Watson
A.She was criticized by the government.
B.She eventually canceled her voyage.
C.She has traveled around the world.
D.She made a successful voyage.
2.What can be inferred about teenagers from the text
A.They have similar abilities.
B.They make decisions on their own.
C.They always make wrong judgments.
D.They need supports of responsible adults.
3.Who does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A.Parents. B.Teenagers. C.Psychologists. D.Adults.
4.What is the best title for the text
A.Divided Opinions on Young Adventurers
B.Problems Faced by Adventurous Teens
C.Various Ways to Become Independent
D.Pressure to Achieve Personal Goals
7. No matter where you live in the world, or where else you travel, there is often a beautiful island within easy reach. Here are some of them for you to enjoy.
Zanzibar, Tanzania
Unguja is the largest island of Zanzibar with accommodation for all budgets. It lies in the Indian Ocean, off Tanzania on the east coast of Africa. Also known as the "Spice Islands", Zanzibar has a history of trade in cloves, cinnamon, and other spices. There is plenty you can see and do at very little cost in Zanzibar. You can explore the maze of the old Stone Town and eat at local markets. The beaches and the Dhows (阿拉伯三角帆船) in the water during sunrise and sunset on the coast are sublime.
The Pearl Islands, Panama
The Pearl Islands in the Gulf of Panama used to be a getaway that only the relatively wealthy could afford. But the case is not so nowadays! Contadora Island is the main island and where you will find more of the higher-end resorts. To get more affordable ones, you can look to some of the other islands such as Saboga Island, and go whale watching along the way.
Hainan Island, China
Another island that caters to all budgets is Hainan Island, almost the most southern area of China you can visit. It's not small with a land area of 35,400 square kilometers, which means you have plenty within reach. There are historical sites, beaches and tropical forests all on the island.
Komodo Island, Indonesia
Named after the Komodo dragon, a large lizard native to the land in its honor, Komodo Island is in Indonesia in Southeast Asia. Referred to as the real-life Jurassic Park, Komodo is an island for getting back to basics. Activities include trekking, diving, and, of course, exploring beaches. One of the beaches has sand that is pink—and is one of the seven amazing pink sand beaches in the world.
1. Which island has long been a trading area of spices
A. Zanzibar. B. The Pearl Islands.
C. Hainan Island. D. Komodo Island.
2. What can you do on the Pearl Islands
A. Eat at local markets. B. Visit the tropical forests.
C. Explore the sandy beaches. D. Observe whales in the sea.
3. What do you know about the Komodo Island
A. It's named after a lizard. B. It's located in Northeast Asia.
C. It is the filming location of Jurassic Park. D. It has the only pink sand beach in the world.
8.I often find myself drawn to books that explore rural settings. Here are a few books that I've read and loved.
Rush Oh!
(by Shirley Barrett)
Rush 0h! is one of the most touching books I've read. It follows the Davidsons, a whaling family from Wales. After the death of her mother, Mary Davidson has many worries: her five siblings(兄弟姐妹) and caring for her father. The author Barrett's exploration of this world and her characters are bittersweet and humorous.
Questions of Travel
(by Michelle de Kretser)
Questions of Travel is a portrait of Ravi, a Sri Lankan refugee(难民) who flees to Australia after his wife and son's death, and Laura, a young woman who moves to London and back again. The writing is beautiful and touching. Never before have I read Sydney brought so vividly to life.
The Life and Loves of Lena Gaunt
(by Tracy Farr)
Lena Gaunt, in her 80s, looks back on her long and fascinating life. She has eventually traveled widely as a player of an instrument. Lena Gaunt reveals the parts of her life that gave her joy—her music, her daughter, Grace, and her lover as well as those touched by the sadness of loss.
Too Easy
(by J. M. Green)
Too Easy is an irresistible novel starring Stella Hardy, a social worker in Melbourne. When one of Stella's clients is murdered and a neighbor goes missing, Stella begins to investigate. The plot sets a cracking pace through police investigations and journeys to Western Australia.
1. Which of the following is set in Sydney
A. Rush Oh!
B. The Life and Loves of Lena Gaunt
C. Too Easy
D. Questions of Travel
2. What is the book The Life and Loves of Lena Gaunt mainly about
A. Bittersweet teenage experiences.
B. Attractive musical instruments.
C. Heart-shaking investigations.
D. Happiness and sorrow in life.
3. What is the main purpose of this text
A. To recommend excellent writers.
B. To analyze book qualities.
C. To introduce good works.
D. To express personal values.
答案以及解析
1.答案：1-4 DBDA
解析：1.根据第一段中的"I have to admit...in the world"可知, 作者不得不承认, 当第一次听说Paul Salopek要用自己的双脚环游世界时, 他被震撼了。他无法想象世界上会有这样一个不寻常的人。据此可知, 作者最初对Paul的旅行计划感到吃惊。故选D。
2.根据第二段Paul Salopek的说话内容可知, Paul Salopek是第一次来中国。跟作者讲起作者所在的中国地区的历史、迁移和发现时, Paul很激动。他谈到了南方丝绸之路, 17世纪中国探险家徐霞客的旅行, 茶马古道, 以及20世纪初的美国植物学家Joseph Rock。他还谈到了玄奘。据此可推知, Paul Salopek对中国有一定的了解。故选B。
3.根据第四段的内容可知, 作者和Paul Salopek在路上遇到了许多人。有些人很好奇, 围绕着他们, 看着他们; 有些人给他们指路; 有些人邀请他们去他们家休息; 有些人谈到了他们家乡的魅力。他们遇见了许多美好的人, 朴素的人和温暖的人。据此可推知, 作者和Paul与人们建立了联系。故选D。
4.通读全文内容可知, 作者住在历史悠久的茶马古道上, 他遇到了要用双脚环游世界的Paul Salopek, 于是决定陪Paul游云南。文章描述了他们路上的见闻和作者的感悟。由此推知, 作者写作的目的是分享和回顾一段旅程。故选A。
2.答案：1-4 CABD
解析：1.根据第二段中的"Here, LIFE looks back...later became a book"可知,《生活》杂志回顾了Dominis不太为人所知的拍摄非洲羚羊的过程, 这张照片为他赢得了年度杂志摄影师的称号。故非洲羚羊照片让Dominis成为1966年的年度杂志摄影师。故选C。
2.根据画线词上文"I wanted to get...I built boxes"以及后文"cameras in them"可知, Dominis想要拍摄低角度的照片, 向人们展示羚羊速度的夸张, 所以做了一些盒子。由此可推知, Dominis应是在盒子里面安装了摄像机。故画线词应与A项"安装"的意思更为接近。B项"增加"; C项"调整"; D项"集中"。故选A。
3.根据第三段中的"If the animal reached...a whole roll of film"可知, 如果羚羊到了盒子边, Dominis就按下按钮, 通过无线电信号启动摄像机, 然后拍下一整卷胶卷, 即Dominis会远程操作摄像机。故选B。
4.根据第三段中的"I wanted to...in them"可知, Dominis为了拍摄低角度的照片制作了盒子并在里面装上摄像机, 说明他具有创造性; 结合"wait maybe for several hours"可知, 他为了一张照片可能会等待好几个小时, 说明他意志力坚定。由此可知, Dominis有创造力并且意志力坚定。故选D。
3.答案：1-4 DBAA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段内容…that means more opportunities for her to collect after-wedding flowers and give them to her lonely patients, many of whom don't often get visitors, let alone expensive flowers.可知,洛夫经常去婚礼场地是因为她想收集婚礼结束后剩余的花,并把它们送给她孤独的病人。故选D。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段关键句"You are there primarily as a learner, although you want to make an impact on your patients, you don't have the same knowledge as physicians," Love thought.和第四段中的So in 2019,she started a project called "The Simple Sunflower" in Richmond 可知,洛夫在医院里主要是一个学习者,但她想给病人带来影响,于是她通过成立The Simple Sunflower这一项目,为病人送去鲜花。由此可推知,洛夫开始The Simple Sunflower这一项目是因为她打算帮助孤独的病人。故选B。
3.主旨大意题。通读最后一段内容并结合关键句Love has a lifelong appreciation of flowers and gardening, which she got from her mother.可知,本段主要讲述了洛夫的母亲让她喜欢上鲜花和园艺,父亲让她拥有了种植向日葵的经历,她将她的项目取名为The Simple Sunflower,此外,她还有在花店兼职的经历。由此可知,最后一段主要讲的是洛夫和花之间的渊源。故选A。
4.推理判断题。通读文章内容并结合第四段第一句可知,洛夫成立的项目已经为弗吉尼亚联邦大学医疗中心的患者送去了760多束鲜花,由此可推知,洛夫是一个关心他人且有奉献精神的人。故选A。
4.答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.C; 4.D
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句But in the late 2010s, many students were doing more poorly on the exam than on the homework leading up to it.可知,在21世纪10年代末,许多学生在考试前的家庭作业中的表现比在考试中的表现好。再由第三句中的even可知,后文表示递进。由此可推断,ace意为 "在……方面做得好"。B项(对……付出努力)、C项(注意)和D项(卷入)都不正确。故选A。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段可知,上网搜答案然后抄在作业上虽然快捷方便,但这是浪费珍贵的实践机会。自己想出答案虽然花费时间长,但这样才能学到更多东西。由此可知, 上网搜答案会阻止学生独立思考。A项(沉迷于手机游戏会降低学生的学习成绩)、B项(在线辅导影响了正常的课堂学习)和C项(现代科技降低了学生的学习动机)不符合第三段的表述,所以都不正确。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段最后三句可知,老师应该想出谷歌不容易回答的家庭作业和考试问题。由此可推断,作者建议教师给学生布置网上搜不到答案的家庭作业和考试问题,让学生用自己的话回答,说明作者建议老师为学生提出原创的问题。A项(阻止学生获取信息)、B 项(给学生更多的测验和考试)以及D项(最大限度地减少课堂教学和活动)在最后一段没有被提及,所以都不正确。故选C。
4.主旨大意题。第一段介绍现在的学生在作业上的表现比在考试中的表现好这个现象;第二段介绍此现象出现的原因,第三段介绍自己想答案的好处,网上抄答案的坏处;最后一段介绍作者建议老师为学生提出原创的问题,来杜绝这种现象。因此,D项"比起考试,学生在作业方面做得更好"符合文章主旨。A项(创造性的考试是必要的)、B 项(学生做作业的方式)以及C项(网络在教学中的应用)只是文章中出现的细节内容,并不能概括文章主旨,所以都不正确。故选D。
5.答案：1-4 CBAC
解析：1.根据第三段中的"The representations of trees in both cultures provide a symbolic significance that is very similar"可知, 古蜀国文明和玛雅文明中的树木的表现形式有着非常相似的象征意义, 即它们的相似性是考古中发现的树木的表现形式所代表的文化符号。故选C。
2.根据第四段内容可知, 三星堆遗址显示了青铜时代已经有了被认为是很久以后才发展起来的技术, 即一些技术其实在很早前就发展起来了。故选B。
3.根据第五段中的"They developed in areas with comparable climates"和第七段内容可知, 两处遗址是在气候相似的地区发展起来的, 玛雅的气候是多雨的和潮湿的, 由此可推知, 它们面临的共同挑战是潮湿气候。故选A。
4.根据最后一段中的"the exchange of such knowledge is fundamental"可知, Santos的引言的重点是强调文化知识交流的重要性。故选C。
6.答案：1.D; 2.D; 3.B; 4.A
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"For example, Jessica Watson was asked by the government to cancel her voyage, yet the Prime Minister called her 'a hero for young Australians' when she returned." 可知,政府要求 Jessica Watson 取消航行,但在她返回时总理称她为"澳大利亚年轻人的英雄"。 由此可知,Jessica Watson进行了一次成功的航行。故选D。A项"她受到了政府的批评。" ;B项"她最终取消了航行; C项"她周游了澳大利亚"。故选D。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的"The amount of independence that each is allowed should be determined not simply by their age... by winning the confidence of hard-headed and well-qualified adult supporters."可知,青少年需要负责任的成年人的支持。故选D。A项与第二段中的"Between the ages of 14 and 18, teenagers vary greatly in their abilities."矛盾;B项所述观点文中未提及;C项提到的"他们总是做出错误的判断。"太过武断,文中第二段第一句只是提到青少年可能会做出错误的判断。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段画线词所在句子以及上文 "But it's also wrong to think that any 16-year-old can desire to get achievements as unusual as Jessica Watson's."可知,认为任何16岁的青少年都渴望获得和Jessica Watson 一样不寻常的成就也是错误的。Watson称自己为"一个有梦想的普通女孩"。她这样做的目的是鼓励青少年,但是这个想法可能产生相反的效果,使他们感到自己不够好,因为(在他们看来)伟大的成就是他们不可触及的。所以,画线词them指代的是前文提到的青少年。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知,独自一人环游世界的青少年经常成为头条新闻,一位名叫Jessica Watson的青少年成了澳大利亚年轻人的英雄,对此人们有着不同的看法。故A 项"对年轻冒险者的不同看法"概括了本文内容。故选A。 B项"有冒险精神的青少年面临的问题";C项"变得独立的各种各样的方法";D项"实现个人目标的压力"。故选A。
7.答案：1-3 ADA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据Zanzibar, Tanzania部分第三句Also known as the "Spice Islands , Zanzibar has a history of trade in cloves, cinnamon, and other spices.可知,桑给巴尔岛也被称为"香料岛屿",它有丁香、肉桂和其他香料的贸易记载。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据The Pearl Islands, Panama部分最后一句To get more affordable ones, you can look to some of the other islands such as Saboga Island, and go whale watching along the way.可知,可以在珍珠群岛中的萨沃加岛沿途观赏鲸鱼。故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据Komodo Island, Indonesia部分第一句Named after the Komodo dragon, a large lizard native to the land in its honor, Komodo Island is in Indonesia in Southeast Asia.可知,科莫多岛位于东南亚的印度尼西亚,是大型蜥蜴科莫多龙的家园,该地因此蜥蜴得名。故选A。
8.答案：1-3DDC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据Questions of Travel部分最后一句 Never before have I read Sydney brought so vividly to life.可知,Questions of Travel是以悉尼为背景的。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据 The Life and Loves of Lena Gaunt 部分最后一句 Lena Gaunt reveals the parts of her life that gave her joy—her music, her daughter, Grace, and her lover as well as those touched by the sadness of loss.可知,The Life and Loves of Lena Gaunt主要是关于生活中的快乐和忧伤。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句Here are a few books that I've read and loved.可知,文章是为了介绍好书。故选C。
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