2024届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题十三 考点20 七选五B卷（含解析）
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2024届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题十三 考点20 七选五（B卷）
1.
Understanding cultural body language in other countries is key to managing efficient communication, especially when we have not yet mastered a foreign language. ①_____ I hope these will help you socialize when you try to communicate with foreigners in spite of the language barrier(障碍).
Head movements
In some parts of India people tilt(倾斜) their heads from side to side to confirm something and show that they are actively listening. In western countries, people nod to show agreement. ②_____
Eye contact
In western culture, visual contact when you speak to someone is considered a positive aspect of body language. Strong visual contact is common in Spain and the Arabic culture among people of the same sex. Not looking back when someone is looking at you is considered impolite, showing insecurity or disinterest.
③_____ In Caribbean communities, children and teenagers are taught not to look at adults in the eyes when they are being corrected.
Greetings and goodbyes
Shaking hands is a normal and formal way to greet or say goodbye in western countries. ④_____In Romania, for example, only men usually do it. And they shake hands every time they meet, not just the first! In England, however, it's unusual to shake hands with someone you are introduced to in an informal setting. Kissing cheeks is something done in many countries, especially in Europe, though the number of kisses, the occasion for doing so, and which cheek they start off on vary.
⑤_____When you communicate with foreigners, one secure way is to understand, respect and follow the culture.
A. Body language varies from country to country.
B. But it's done in different contexts in different countries.
C. However, in Greece, nodding actually means the opposite meaning.
D. Here are a selection of gestures(姿势) and their meanings in different cultures.
E. Some cultures, such as Japanese culture, consider long-time visual contact awkward.
F. Here are five communication skills that you should keep in mind when in a foreign country.
G. However, in different countries, people may have different explanations about hands shaking.
2.
Anyone who deals with teens knows how tough the adolescent years can be. Teens are always known to do wild and dangerous things. ①______. But now scientists have studied the physical development of the brain in more detail, leading to a new theory of why teens act the way they do.
Scientists discovered that though our brains are almost at their full size by the age of six, they are not fully developed. Now, scientists have found our brains continue to change till age 25. ②______.
The studies confirm teens are more likely to take risks and behave in extreme ways. One way the brain does this is by changing the way teens think of danger and reward. When teenagers think about rewards, their brains produce more chemicals that create pleasure than adult brains would. ③______. It also makes teens feel excited about new experiences more keenly than adults do.
Besides, researchers found it makes social bonds especially rewarding. Generally, teenagers have an intense need to meet new people and think the peers may one day control the world they live in. As it's still developing, a teenage brain can change to deal with new situations. ④______. In this way, the brain encourages teens to have a wide circle of friends.
Some people think that this hunt for greater rewards can sometimes lead teenagers to go to extremes. ⑤______. It means that teens are more likely, and less afraid, to try new things or to be independent. The scientists' findings suggest that in the long run, the impulses of the teen brain are what help teens leave their parents' care and live their own lives successfully.
A. It is hard for the teens to adapt to new situations.
B. The result is the unpredictable actions seen in teens.
C. Therefore, it connects social rewards with more pleasure.
D. This makes the rewards seem more important than the risks.
E. However, it is of great benefit for teenagers to strive for rewards.
F. The teen brain inspires teenagers to help prepare for the school life.
G. These things were thought to be down to the foolishness of the young.
3.
Accents are an important part of our identity. An accent gives clues about who we are, and the community we belong to or wish to belong to. ①______.
◆What is the difference between accents and pronunciation
②______. A French person may speak English flawlessly(完美无瑕地), just with a French accent. That's fine because there is no wrong or right with an accent. However, pronunciation is something that—as a learner—you can get right or wrong. If your pronunciation is correct, you can communicate effectively with others whatever your accent is.
◆③______
If you think back historically people were much more localized with generation after generation of families living in the same small villages and few people traveled out of that area during their lifetimes. So over many generations differences in accent emerged and became very distinct to particular areas. Mountainous villages that are not easily accessible often develop very strong and distinctive accents.
◆How important is it to get an accent right
If you're moving to a certain part of a country, you might want to integrate better with your new community. ④______. That's because it shows a sense of belonging to the community you are trying to fit in with.
◆How to improve your accent
Learners should first think about which sounds don't exist in your native language. And then learners should consider which sounds exist in the language you're learning and then spend some time in front of the mirror practicing moving your tongue and mouth to get those new and different sounds. ⑤______, which can sometimes even change the meaning of words.
A. Where does pronunciation emerge
B. They're also important for those learning a new language
C. Try to adapt your speech to sound more interesting
D. The best way is to learn the specific accent of that region
E. Where do different types of accents come from
F. Accents are about localized ways of speaking a language
G. And learners should be aware of stress and tone
4.
How to Stop Binge Eating(饮食无度)
When it comes to trying to lose weight, stopping binge eating can be very difficult. Maybe you believe that to lose weight, one must go on a diet. Usually, you eat in a certain way until you reach your weight goals. ①________ Here are some ways to overcome this.
②________ Eating healthily doesn't mean you have to give up food. You can even eat the "bad" foods but you have to consume them in moderation(适中). The good news is that once you start to eat healthily and start cutting sugar out of your diet, you will start losing the craving for sweets. ③________
Get support. Sometimes it's hard to stop if you are doing this all alone. So what you can do is to ask some friends or family members to help remind you. ④________ So ask people around you to remind you of your fitness goals when they catch you binging eating.
Limit your access to food. ⑤________ Throw out all of the bad food and replace them with the good stuff. By doing this, you will hopefully be able to stop over eating due to the fact that it will be too much of a problem to actually go to the store and buy junk food.
These tips are just a few things you can do. The important thing to remember is that you need to have the right mindset going into this thing.
A. Try to eat healthily.
B. Don't hurt yourself.
C. This will only cause you to eat even more.
D. This sort of thinking will cause you to fail.
E. In other words, it gets easy as time goes by.
F. It's hard to eat a lot when you don't have food to eat.
G. Usually, we eat more than we want to just out of habit.
5.
Want to add a simple movement to your daily life Walking may be your best choice. ①_____.
Walking is good for your heart
Walking is considered as cardio(有氧的) exercise, no matter the speed at which you take it. Studies show that walking can reduce the risk of heart disease and lower your resting heart rate and blood pressure. ②_____. You can go for a 30-minute walk once a day or break it up into three 10-minute parts.
③_____
What benefits physical health often benefits mental health-the same is true for walking. Just five minutes of walking can lower anxiety. If you have any kind of green space nearby, try to take advantage of it. One study showed that people who went on a 90-minute nature walk reported fewer bad feelings.
Walking can improve your sleep
④_____. Getting outside in the day for a walk can also help you stay awake in the morning and get sleepier toward the night. If a nighttime walk is your preference, experts suggest you finish it three hours before bedtime.
Walking can help with fat loss
Walking is a type of cardio workout that is good for fat loss and can help you achieve or keep a healthy weight. It should be done regularly and for long periods of time. ⑤_____ A brisk(轻快的) pace refers to a 17-to 15-minute mile, or 50% to 70% of your maximum heart rate.
A. Walking can help reduce stress
B. That can help you sleep easily during the day
C. Here are some of the benefits walking offers you
D. Walking in the day can help you get a better night's rest
E. Good walking can also keep your head up and looking ahead
F. Experts suggest walking 30 minutes a day, five to seven days a week
G. Walking at least 45 minutes a day at a brisk pace will see the most benefits
6.
It's not always easy to predict or understand how someone else feels. Some people are better at it than others, but just about everyone can improve with practice. Understanding others is all about watching and listening.
①_______ Next time you're at the mall, look around and try to identify how people might be feeling based on their body language, facial expressions, and what they're doing. The girl with the textbooks on her knee might have an exam coming up. Does she seem confident or stressed
Read books or watch movies that have realistic portrayals(描绘) of human emotions. Pay attention to how different characters feel and act. ②_______ Based on those emotions, predict what a character will do next. Or see if you can explain why a character did what he or she did.
People who're good at understanding others also tend to be good listeners. Research shows that the better someone listens, the more connected that person feels with the person who's talking.③_______
Focus on feelings while listening to a story. When a friend tells you about something, try to imagine how he or she might have felt. ④_______ For example, you can say, "Oh, that must have felt amazing!" or "That must be upsetting for you." You might find you can predict what your friend will say next.
⑤_______ Listen to a friend or family member about a story of a special time in his or her life. Try to imagine what the experience was really like for them. Ask them to tell you more about how they felt and why.
A. Ask others what they need.
B. This produces a feeling of closeness.
C. Take time to listen to someone in depth.
D. Look at people's expressions and body language.
E. Here are some ways to develop your observation skills.
F. Try to understand why the characters feel the way they do.
G. Make statements that show you're trying to understand your friend's experience.
7.
How to Deal with Crowd Anxiety
If you feel stressed out or nervous when you approach a large crowd of people, you're probably dealing with crowd anxiety. ①_____, especially if you live in a larger city or urban environment. Thankfully, there are ways you can lessen the symptoms of your anxiety and face your fear of crowds head on to feel more comfortable around large groups.
②_____. Picture yourself feeling calm and at peace. If you start feeling anxious, take a few deep breaths, but keep picturing yourself in a crowded space. Exposing yourself to crowds when you're at home can lead to less anxiety when you encounter(遭遇) them in real life.
Take a friend with you in large crowds. ③_____. If you know you're headed somewhere with a large crowd, consider asking a friend or family member to come with you. You can tell them ahead of time that you might get a little anxious, but that you'll be okay.
Calm yourself with deep breathing. If you feel yourself getting anxious, pause and take some breaths. Breathe in through your nose for 5 seconds, then slowly let the breath out of your mouth. ④_____.
Keep a journal about your anxiety. Write down your feelings to work through them. For some people, keeping a journal is a good way to recognize their triggers(诱因) to find out what makes them anxious. ⑤_____. Try writing in your journal when you're feeling anxious.
A. Focus on something else
B. It can be hard to avoid crowds
C. Imagine yourself in a crowd before going out
D. You should learn how to get along with a crowd
E. For others, it's a great place to let out their feelings
F. Do this 5 to 10 times until you feel yourself calming down
G. Having someone next to you can lower your anxiety levels
8.
A recent study in the journal Marine Ecology Progress Series has a great influence when it comes to the question of how sharks will interact with humans as climate change continues to worsen. It predicts a world where humans and sharks will encounter more often than the present case.
Contrary to popular media descriptions that speak ill of sharks, humans will not be in that much trouble when this happens. ①______, in which millions of innocent sharks are the big losers due to human activity beyond their control.
First, let's explore why sharks and humans will probably be running into each other's world more often. One reason is the field of urban ecology and, specifically, how different species respond when they come across humans. ②______; think of raccoons(浣熊) that search for food from rubbish and pigeons(鸽子) that stay on statues in major cities all over the planet. On the other hand, there are urban avoiders, or animals that avoid major cities out of self-protection; ③______
The researchers initially believed that sharks would also be urban avoiders. ④______. Scientists learned that space use patterns of tracked sharks were consistent with that of urban adapters.
⑤______. The reality, however, is that humans have driven sharks to the edge of extinction while shark attacks on people remain quite rare. Humans are not sharks' preferred prey(猎物), and the likelihood of increased human-shark interactions causes far more of a threat to sharks than to humans.
A. Surprisingly, that's not the case
B. It will instead be a heartbreaking tragedy
C. Humans have a long lasting fear against sharks
D. Therefore, they think the sharks won't get too close to us
E. Large animals like wolves and mountain lions fall into this category
F. Tigers and lions are so dangerous that we keep them away from our cities
G. If a species thinks its members can get along just great with us, they are known as urban adapters
答案以及解析
1.答案：DCEGA
解析：①结合第二段"In some parts of India, people tilt(倾斜) their heads from side to side to confirm something and show that they are actively listening. In western countries, people nod to show agreement.(在印度的一些地方，人们把头从一边歪到另一边来确认一些事情，表明他们在积极地倾听。在西方国家，人们点头表示同意)"的"在不同文化中，点头摇头意味着不同含义"的例子和下文的其他姿势也有文化差异的例子，可知本文主要讲不同文化中，姿势含义不同，D选项"以下是一些姿势及其在不同文化中的含义。"切题。故选D。
②由小标题"Head movements(头部运动)"和上文"In western countries, people nod to show agreement.(在西方国家，人们点头表示同意)"可知，C选项"然而，在希腊，点头实际上意味着相反的意思。"与上文形成转折，讲不同的头部运动在不同的国家含义不同，点头在西方国家表示同意，但在希腊表示不同意。故选C。
③由小标题"Eye contact(视觉接触)"，上文"In western culture, visual contact when you speak to someone is considered a positive aspect of body language. Strong visual contact is common in Spain and the Arabic culture among people of the same sex.(在西方文化中，与人交谈时的视觉接触被认为是肢体语言的积极方面。在西班牙和阿拉伯文化中，同性之间的视觉接触很常见)"和下文"In Caribbean communities, children and teenagers are taught not to look at adults in the eyes when they are being corrected.(在加勒比社区，儿童和青少年被教育在被错误时不要直视成年人的眼睛)"可知，E选项"一些文化，如日本文化，认为长时间的视觉接触很尴尬。"承接上文讲在不同的国家和文化背景下，视觉接触的含义不同，日本又是一个例子。故选E。
④G选项"然而，在不同的国家，人们可能对握手有不同的解释。"与上文"Shaking hands is a normal and formal way to greet or say goodbye in western countries.(在西方国家，握手是一种正常而正式的问候或道别方式)"形成转折关系，表明在不同的国家和文化背景下,握手的含义是不一样的，引出下文"In Romania, for example, only men usually do it.(例如，在罗马尼亚，通常只有男性才这样做)"和"In England, however, it's unusual to shake hands with someone you are introduced to in an informal setting.(然而，在英国，在非正式场合与被介绍给你的人握手是不常见的)"的具体例子。故选G。
⑤该空起总结上文的作用。结合上文就"头部运动"视觉接触"问候和道别"讲明：在不同的国家和文化背景下，姿势含义不一样，说明A选项"肢体语言因国家而异。"切题。故选A。
2.答案：GBDCDE
本文为一篇说明文,介绍了青少年大脑发育过程中对于他们心理和行为上的影响。
解析：①空前描述青少年在青春期会做狂野和危险的事情，空后"But now scientists have studied the physical development of the brain in more detail, leading to a new theory of why teens act the way they do.(但现在，科学家们对大脑的生理发育进行了更详细的研究，并提出了一种关于青少年行为方式的新理论)"表示科学发现解释青少年行为的理论；G选项"These things were thought to be down to the foolishness of the young.这些事情被认为是年轻人的愚蠢行为)"描述人们对于青少年行为的普遍观点，且These things与前文中的wild and dangerous things对应。故选G。
②空前"Scientists discovered that though our brains are almost at their full size by the age of six, they are not fully developed. Now, scientists have found our brains continue to change still age 25.(科学家们发现，虽然我们的大脑在6岁时几乎达到完整大小，但它们还没有完全发育。现在，科学家发现我们的大脑在25岁之前会继续变化)"表示大脑一直要发育到25岁，结合上一段描述青少年行为的科学原因可知，B选项"The result is the unpredictable actions seen in test(其结果就是青少年不可预测的行为)"表示生理变化导致行为上的结果，符合语境。故选B。
③空前"When teenagers think about rewards, their brains produce more chemicals that create pleasure than adult brains would.(当青少年想到回报时，他们的大脑会比成年人产生更多的化学物质来创造快乐)描述对于青少年来说，回报会带来快乐，D选项"This makes the rewards seem more important than the risks.(这使得回报似乎比风险更重要)"描述青少年对于回报和风险的看法，且本句中This指代前文一句内容。 故选D。
④空前"As it's still developing, a teenage brain can change to deal with new situations.(青少年的大脑还在发育中，它可以改变来应对新情况)"描述青少年的大脑在发育，会改变来应对新情况，空后"In this way, the brain encourages teens to have a wide circle of friends.(通过这种方式，大脑鼓励青少年拥有广泛的朋友圈)"描述青少年在社交上的行为；C选项"Therefore, it connects social rewards with more pleasure(因此，它将社会奖励与更多的快乐联系在一起)" 描述青少年如何应对社会关系，承上启下。故选C。
⑤空前"Some people think that this hunt for greater rewards can sometimes lead teenagers to go to extremes.(有些人认为这种追求更大回报的行为有时会导致青少年走向极端)"讲述过分追求回报对于青少年的弊端，空后"It means that teens are more likely, and less afraid, to try new things or to be independent.(这意味着青少年更有可能，更少害怕，去尝试新事物或独立)描述对于青少年的好处；E选项"However, it is of great benefit for teenagers to strive for rewards.(然而，对青少年来说，争取回报是有很大好处的)"进行转折，描述追求回报的好处，符合语境。故选E。
3.答案：BFEDG
解析：本文是一篇说明文。口音是我们身份的重要组成部分，同时口音对学习一门新语言也很重要，本文主要讲述了口音产生的原因，正确的口音的重要性以及如何的改善口音。
①根据上文"Accents are an important part of our identity. An accent gives clues about who we are, and the community we belong to or wish to belong to."(口音是我们身份的重要组成部分，口音提供了我们是谁的线索，以及我们所属或希望属于的社区。)讲述了口音对学习者的重要意义，所以空白处应是对承接前文，描述口音的其它作用。B项"They're also important for those learning a new language,"(它们对学习一门新语言也很重要)承接上文,说明口音的重要性,话题一致，其中"important "原词重现。故选B。
②根据上句"What is the difference between accents and pronunciation " (口音和发音的区别是什么呢 )可知本段主要陈述口音和发音的区别。下文"A French person may speak English flawlessly(完美无瑕地), just with a French accent.(一个法国人可能会说一口流利的英语，只是带着法国口音)"可知，一个法国人可能会说一口流利的英语且带着法国口音是没有问题的，因而，空白处应是讲述什么是口音。F项"Accents are about localized ways of speaking a language'"口音是关于说一种语言的本地化方式)符合题意。故选F。
③设空处概括本段内容，为本段小标题，设空处与 上下段的首句句式保持一致，即应是特殊疑问句。根据"If you think back historically people were much more localized with generation after generation of families living in the same small villages and few people traveled out of that area during their lifetimes. So over many generations differences in accent emerged and became very distinct to particular areas.(如果你回想一下历史，人们更加本地化，一代又一代的家庭生活在同一个小村庄，很少有人在他们的一生中离开那个地区。所以在许多代人的时间里，口音的差异出现了，并且在特定地区变得非常明显)"可知，本段主要讲解的是不同类型的口音形成的原因；E项"Where do different types of accents come from "(不同类型的口音从何而来 )概括本段内容。故选E。
④根据上句"If you're moving to a certain part of a country, you might want to integrate better with your new community(如果你要搬到一个国家的某个地方，你可能想要更好地融入你的新社区)"可知，接下来的内容可以陈述更好的融入新社区的办法。D项"The best way is to learn the specific accent of that region."(最好的方法是学习那个地区的特定口音)承接上句，说明想要更好地融入新社区最好的方法是学习那个地区的特定口音。故选D。
⑤根据前文"And then learners should consider which sounds exist in the language you' re learning and then spend some time in front of the mirror practicing moving your tongue and mouth to get those new and different sounds" (然后学习者应该考虑你正在学习的语言中存在哪些声音，然后花一些时间在镜子前练习移动你的舌头和嘴巴来获得那些新的和不同的发音。)讲述了学习者可以通过何种办法来让自己学习新的语言中的不同的发音。下文"which can sometimes even change the meaning of words." (有时甚至可以改变单词的意思。)可知，空白处描述的内容为学习者在学习新的发音时，可能会引起单词意思改变的情形。选项G "And learners should be aware of stress and tone"(学习者应注意重音和音调)说明重音和音调是导致单词意义改变的情形，符合题意。故选G。
4.答案：DBEGF
解析：①根据空前的Maybe you believe that to lose weight, one must go on a diet. Usually, you eat in a certain way until you reach your weight goals (也许你认为要减肥，就必须节食。通常，你会以某种方式进食，直到达到体重目标。)可知,或许你认为要减肥就必须要节食，直到达到你的减肥目标。这里的"Maybe you believe that... "对应D选项(这种想法会让你失败。)中的This thought of thinking，作者认为节食不是减肥的方法，用这个方法减肥会失败。后文中的代词"this'指代的是"减肥失败的问题"。故选D。
②本文共给出三个建议,用的是祈使句的形式。空格处是本段的主题句。根据空后第一句Eating healthily doesn't mean you have to give up food. (健康饮食并不意味着你必须放弃食物。)可知，本段作者要给出的建议是健康饮食，不是绝食。因此B项Don' t hurt yourself. (不要伤害自己。)正确。故选B。
③根据上句The good news is that once you start to eat healthily and start cutting sugar out of your diet, you will start losing the craving for sweets. (好消息是，一旦你开始健康饮食，开始减少饮食中的糖，你就会开始失去对糖果的渴望。)再综合全段考虑，健康饮食，不是不吃甜品，而是适当控制摄入量：有了健康饮食的意识，不过度摄入糖，习惯成自然，这是一一个长期的过程。因此E项In other words, it gets easy as time goes by.(换句话说，随着时间的推移，它变得越来越容易。)是对上一句的解释，符合题意。故选E。
④根据后文So ask people around you to remind you of your fitness goals when they catch you binging eating. (所以,当你周围的人发现你在大吃大喝时，让他们提醒你你的健身目标。)可知，空处与后文存在因果关系，因此G项Usually, we eat more than we want to just out of habit.(通常，出于习惯，我们吃得比想要的多。)可以是下一句原因，很多时候，我们不自觉地暴饮暴食，这就是我们需要别人来提醒的原因。故选G。
⑤根据小标题Limit your access to food. (限制你获取食物。)及其他段落结构分析，F项It's hard to eat a lot when you don't have food to eat. (当你没有食物吃的时候，很难吃很多。)是对小标题的解释，身边没有可以吃的，自然就不会暴饮暴食了。空后的句子是对小标题的解释和具体做法。故选F。
5.答案：CFADG
解析：①由前文"Want to add a simple movement to your daily life Walking may be your best choice.(想在日常生活中加入一个简单的动作吗？步行可能是你最好的选择。)"可知，这篇文章主要讲步行，且由下文小标题可知，后文主要讲步行的一些益处。所以C项Here are some of the benefits walking offers you(以下是步行给你带来的一些好处)符合语境，有承上启下作用。故选C。
②由后文" You can go for a 30-minute walk once a day or break it up into three 10-minute parts.(你可以每天散步一次，每次30分钟，也可以分成三个10分钟的部分。)"可知，这里主要在讲一天30分钟步行走的方式。而F项Experts suggest walking 30minutes a day. five to seven days a week(专家建议每天步行30分钟，每周步行5到7天)符合语境，其中"30 minutes a day"和后文30分钟应该怎样完成相对应。故选F。
③由下文"What benefits physical health often benefits mental health-the same is true for walking. Just five minutes of walking can lower anxiety. If you have any kind of green space nearby, try to take advantage of it. One study showed that people who went on a 90-minute nature walk reported fewer bad feelings.(有益于身体健康的东西往往有益于精神健康，步行也是如此。只要走五分钟就能减轻焦虑。如果你附近有任何类型的绿地，尽量利用它。一项研究表明，进行90分钟自然散步的人报告的不良情绪较少。)"可知，这段主要讲步行对精神方面的益处，步行能减少压力。而A项Walking can help reduce stress(散步有助于减轻压力)符合语境。故选A。
④由小标题"Walking can improve your sleep(步行可以改善你的睡眠)"以及后文" Getting outside in the day for a walk can also help you stay awake in the morning and get sleepier toward the night.(白天出去散步也可以帮助你早上保持清醒，晚上更容易入睡。)"可知，文章这里主要讲步行有助于睡眠。而D项Walking in the day can help you get a better night's rest(白天散步可以帮助你获得更好的夜间休息)符合语境，其中"a better night's rest"与后文对应。故选D。
⑤由后文" A brisk pace refers to a 17-to 15-minute mile, or 50% to 70% of your maximum heart rate.(轻快的配速指的是用17到15分钟走一英里，或你最大心率的50%到70%。)"可知，这里主要在解释A brisk pace。而G项Walking at least 45 minutes a day at a brisk pace will see the most benefits(以快节奏每天至少步行45分钟将看到最大的好处)符合语境。其中"a brisk pace"与后文对应。故选G。
6.答案：DFBGC
解析：①根据下一句Next time you're at the mall, look around and try to identify how people might be feeling based on their body language, facial expressions, and what they're doing.(下次你在商场时，环顾四周，试着根据人们的肢体语言、面部表情和正在做的事情来确定他们的感受。)可知，此处说的是根据人们的肢体语言、面部表情和正在做的事情来确定他们的感受。所以D. Look at people's expressions and body language.(看看人们的表情和肢体语言。)符合语境。故选D。
②根据上一句Pay attention to how different characters feel and act.(注意不同角色的感受和行为。)可知，此处说的是注意不同角色的感受和行为。所以F.Try to understand why the characters feel the way they do.(试着理解为什么角色会有这样的感觉。)符合语境。故选F。
③根据上一句(研究表明，一个人听得越好，他与说话的人的联系就越紧密。)可知，此处说的是善于倾听的人与说话的人的联系就越紧密。所以B.This produces a feeling of closeness.(这会产生一种亲近感。)符合语境。故选B。
④根据下一句For example, you can say, "Oh, that must have felt amazing!" or "That must be upsetting for you."(例如，你可以说，"哦，那一定感觉很棒！"或者"那一定让你心烦。")可知，此处说的是听完朋友的故事要做一些陈述。所以G.Make statements that show you re trying to understand your friend's experience. (做一些陈述，表明你试图理解朋友的经历。)符合语境。故选G。
⑤根据下一句(听朋友或家人讲述他或她生命中某个特殊时刻的故事。)可知，此处说的是要倾听别人的故事。所以C.Take time to listen to someone in depth.(花点时间深入倾听别人的意见。)符合语境。故选C。
7.答案：BCGFE
解析：①上句"If you feel stressed out or nervous when you approach a large crowd of people, you're probably dealing with crowd anxiety.(如果你在接近一大群人时感到紧张或紧张，你可能是在处理人群焦虑)"定义了"人群焦虑症"，结合空后"especially if you live in a larger city or urban environment(特别是如果你生活在一个较大的城市或都市环境)"可如，本句说明这种心理状况无处不在，特别是在城市，因此要完善的句意就是"难以回避"。B项"人群很难避免"符合语境，而下句"Thankfully, there are ways.. "则衔接了上文语义逻辑：虽然很难回避，所幸有法处理。故选B。
②本题是选段落主题句，下句"Picture yourself feeling calm and at peace.(想象你自己感到平静) "展了主题句，句中的picture属名词转动词，是imagine的同义再现，而本段主要讲的就是事前在家通过想象情景训练以适应人群焦虑，C项"出门前想象你在一群人之中"符合语境。故选C。
③根据本段主题句"Take a friend with you in large crowds.(带一个朋友在人群中) "可知，空处是主题句下的拓展句，G项"有人在你身边可以降低你的焦虑水平"符合语境，G项中的someone指的就是前文的friends,自然地衔接了主题句；而下句中的friend, family属原词再现，则连贯了整段语义。故选G。
④根据本段主题句"Calm yourself with deep breathing.(深呼吸让自己平静下来)"可知，本段主要介绍通过深呼吸让自己平静的办法，本题位于段尾，前面"Breathe in through your nose for 5 seconds, then slowly let the breath out of your mouth.(用鼻子吸气5秒钟，然后慢慢地把气从嘴里呼出来)"讲了深呼吸方法要领，F项"这样做5到10次，直到你感觉自己平静下来"总结强调需反复做的次数，完善了段落语义。故选F。
⑤根据本段主题句"Keep a journal about your anxiety.(记录你的焦虑)"可知，本段大意是记录人群焦虑情绪的好处，上文"For some people, keeping a journal is a good way to recognize their triggers(诱因) to find out what makes them anxious.(对一些人来说, 写日记是识别他们焦虑的诱因的好方法)"先讲了记录人群焦虑情绪对一些人的好处，空处应是再讲对另一些人的好处，E项"对其他人来说，这是一个宣泄情感的好地方"符合语境，且和上文构成"for some...for others"这一对比说明的逻辑关系。故选E。
8.答案：BGEAC
解析：这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了为什么随着气候变化继续恶化，鲨鱼和人类可能会更频繁地闯入对方的世界。
①B选项"相反，这将是一场令人心碎的悲剧"与上文"Contrary to popular media descriptions that speak ill of sharks, humans will not be in that much trouble when this happens. (与大众媒体描述的鲨鱼坏话相反，当这种情况发生时，人类不会有那么多麻烦)'形成转折关系，讲述与上文相反的情况，引出下文"in which millions of innocent sharks are the big losers due to human activity beyond their control (由于人类活动超出其控制范围,数百万无辜鲨鱼成为最大的输家)鲨鱼将面临的悲惨境地。故选B。
②G选项"如果一个物种认为它的成员可以与我们相处得很好，那么它们被称为城市适应者'承接上文"One reason is the field of urban ecology and, specially, how different species respond when they come across humans. (一个原因是城市生态学领域，特别是不同物种遇到人类时的反应)"讲某个物种遇到人类的可能反应，G选项中"urban adapters (城市适应者)"对应下文"On the other hand, there are urban avoiders, or animals that avoid major cities out of self-protection (另一方面，有城市回避者，或出于自我保护而避开大城市的动物)"中的"urban avoiders (城市回避者)"。故选G。
③E选项"像狼和山狮这样的大型动物属于这一类承接上文"On the other hand, there are urban avoiders, or animals that avoid major cities out of self-protection (另一方面，有城市回避者，或出于自我保护而避开大城市的动物)"具体举例狼和山狮，说明避开大城市的城市回避型动物。故选E。
④A选项"令人惊讶的是,事实并非如此"与上文"The researchers initially believed that sharks would also be urban avoiders. (研究人员最初认为鲨鱼也会成为城市回避者)形成转折关系，表明鲨鱼并非城市回避者，引出 下文"Scientists learned that space use patterns of tracked sharks were consistent with that of urban adapters. (科学家们了解到，被追踪鲨鱼的空间使用模式与城市适应者的一致)"讲明鲨鱼其实是城市适应者。故选A。
⑤C选项"人类对鲨鱼有着持久的恐惧"与下文"The reality, however, is that humans have driven sharks to the edge of extinction while shark attacks on people remain quite rare. Humans are not sharks' preferred prey(猎物), and the likelihood of increased human-shark interactions causes far more of a threat to sharks than to humans. (然而，现实是，人类已经将鲨鱼逼到了灭绝的边缘，而鲨鱼袭击人类的事件仍然相当罕见。人类不是鲨鱼的首选猎物，人与鲨鱼互动增加的可能性对鲨鱼的威胁远大于对人类的威胁)"形成转折关系，表明人类虽害怕鲨鱼，但对鲨鱼造成威胁的反而是人类，突出一种强烈的对比感。故选C。
2
1.
Understanding cultural body language in other countries is key to managing efficient communication, especially when we have not yet mastered a foreign language. ①_____ I hope these will help you socialize when you try to communicate with foreigners in spite of the language barrier(障碍).
Head movements
In some parts of India people tilt(倾斜) their heads from side to side to confirm something and show that they are actively listening. In western countries, people nod to show agreement. ②_____
Eye contact
In western culture, visual contact when you speak to someone is considered a positive aspect of body language. Strong visual contact is common in Spain and the Arabic culture among people of the same sex. Not looking back when someone is looking at you is considered impolite, showing insecurity or disinterest.
③_____ In Caribbean communities, children and teenagers are taught not to look at adults in the eyes when they are being corrected.
Greetings and goodbyes
Shaking hands is a normal and formal way to greet or say goodbye in western countries. ④_____In Romania, for example, only men usually do it. And they shake hands every time they meet, not just the first! In England, however, it's unusual to shake hands with someone you are introduced to in an informal setting. Kissing cheeks is something done in many countries, especially in Europe, though the number of kisses, the occasion for doing so, and which cheek they start off on vary.
⑤_____When you communicate with foreigners, one secure way is to understand, respect and follow the culture.
A. Body language varies from country to country.
B. But it's done in different contexts in different countries.
C. However, in Greece, nodding actually means the opposite meaning.
D. Here are a selection of gestures(姿势) and their meanings in different cultures.
E. Some cultures, such as Japanese culture, consider long-time visual contact awkward.
F. Here are five communication skills that you should keep in mind when in a foreign country.
G. However, in different countries, people may have different explanations about hands shaking.
2.
Anyone who deals with teens knows how tough the adolescent years can be. Teens are always known to do wild and dangerous things. ①______. But now scientists have studied the physical development of the brain in more detail, leading to a new theory of why teens act the way they do.
Scientists discovered that though our brains are almost at their full size by the age of six, they are not fully developed. Now, scientists have found our brains continue to change till age 25. ②______.
The studies confirm teens are more likely to take risks and behave in extreme ways. One way the brain does this is by changing the way teens think of danger and reward. When teenagers think about rewards, their brains produce more chemicals that create pleasure than adult brains would. ③______. It also makes teens feel excited about new experiences more keenly than adults do.
Besides, researchers found it makes social bonds especially rewarding. Generally, teenagers have an intense need to meet new people and think the peers may one day control the world they live in. As it's still developing, a teenage brain can change to deal with new situations. ④______. In this way, the brain encourages teens to have a wide circle of friends.
Some people think that this hunt for greater rewards can sometimes lead teenagers to go to extremes. ⑤______. It means that teens are more likely, and less afraid, to try new things or to be independent. The scientists' findings suggest that in the long run, the impulses of the teen brain are what help teens leave their parents' care and live their own lives successfully.
A. It is hard for the teens to adapt to new situations.
B. The result is the unpredictable actions seen in teens.
C. Therefore, it connects social rewards with more pleasure.
D. This makes the rewards seem more important than the risks.
E. However, it is of great benefit for teenagers to strive for rewards.
F. The teen brain inspires teenagers to help prepare for the school life.
G. These things were thought to be down to the foolishness of the young.
3.
Accents are an important part of our identity. An accent gives clues about who we are, and the community we belong to or wish to belong to. ①______.
◆What is the difference between accents and pronunciation
②______. A French person may speak English flawlessly(完美无瑕地), just with a French accent. That's fine because there is no wrong or right with an accent. However, pronunciation is something that—as a learner—you can get right or wrong. If your pronunciation is correct, you can communicate effectively with others whatever your accent is.
◆③______
If you think back historically people were much more localized with generation after generation of families living in the same small villages and few people traveled out of that area during their lifetimes. So over many generations differences in accent emerged and became very distinct to particular areas. Mountainous villages that are not easily accessible often develop very strong and distinctive accents.
◆How important is it to get an accent right
If you're moving to a certain part of a country, you might want to integrate better with your new community. ④______. That's because it shows a sense of belonging to the community you are trying to fit in with.
◆How to improve your accent
Learners should first think about which sounds don't exist in your native language. And then learners should consider which sounds exist in the language you're learning and then spend some time in front of the mirror practicing moving your tongue and mouth to get those new and different sounds. ⑤______, which can sometimes even change the meaning of words.
A. Where does pronunciation emerge
B. They're also important for those learning a new language
C. Try to adapt your speech to sound more interesting
D. The best way is to learn the specific accent of that region
E. Where do different types of accents come from
F. Accents are about localized ways of speaking a language
G. And learners should be aware of stress and tone
4.
How to Stop Binge Eating(饮食无度)
When it comes to trying to lose weight, stopping binge eating can be very difficult. Maybe you believe that to lose weight, one must go on a diet. Usually, you eat in a certain way until you reach your weight goals. ①________ Here are some ways to overcome this.
②________ Eating healthily doesn't mean you have to give up food. You can even eat the "bad" foods but you have to consume them in moderation(适中). The good news is that once you start to eat healthily and start cutting sugar out of your diet, you will start losing the craving for sweets. ③________
Get support. Sometimes it's hard to stop if you are doing this all alone. So what you can do is to ask some friends or family members to help remind you. ④________ So ask people around you to remind you of your fitness goals when they catch you binging eating.
Limit your access to food. ⑤________ Throw out all of the bad food and replace them with the good stuff. By doing this, you will hopefully be able to stop over eating due to the fact that it will be too much of a problem to actually go to the store and buy junk food.
These tips are just a few things you can do. The important thing to remember is that you need to have the right mindset going into this thing.
A. Try to eat healthily.
B. Don't hurt yourself.
C. This will only cause you to eat even more.
D. This sort of thinking will cause you to fail.
E. In other words, it gets easy as time goes by.
F. It's hard to eat a lot when you don't have food to eat.
G. Usually, we eat more than we want to just out of habit.
5.
Want to add a simple movement to your daily life Walking may be your best choice. ①_____.
Walking is good for your heart
Walking is considered as cardio(有氧的) exercise, no matter the speed at which you take it. Studies show that walking can reduce the risk of heart disease and lower your resting heart rate and blood pressure. ②_____. You can go for a 30-minute walk once a day or break it up into three 10-minute parts.
③_____
What benefits physical health often benefits mental health-the same is true for walking. Just five minutes of walking can lower anxiety. If you have any kind of green space nearby, try to take advantage of it. One study showed that people who went on a 90-minute nature walk reported fewer bad feelings.
Walking can improve your sleep
④_____. Getting outside in the day for a walk can also help you stay awake in the morning and get sleepier toward the night. If a nighttime walk is your preference, experts suggest you finish it three hours before bedtime.
Walking can help with fat loss
Walking is a type of cardio workout that is good for fat loss and can help you achieve or keep a healthy weight. It should be done regularly and for long periods of time. ⑤_____ A brisk(轻快的) pace refers to a 17-to 15-minute mile, or 50% to 70% of your maximum heart rate.
A. Walking can help reduce stress
B. That can help you sleep easily during the day
C. Here are some of the benefits walking offers you
D. Walking in the day can help you get a better night's rest
E. Good walking can also keep your head up and looking ahead
F. Experts suggest walking 30 minutes a day, five to seven days a week
G. Walking at least 45 minutes a day at a brisk pace will see the most benefits
6.
It's not always easy to predict or understand how someone else feels. Some people are better at it than others, but just about everyone can improve with practice. Understanding others is all about watching and listening.
①_______ Next time you're at the mall, look around and try to identify how people might be feeling based on their body language, facial expressions, and what they're doing. The girl with the textbooks on her knee might have an exam coming up. Does she seem confident or stressed
Read books or watch movies that have realistic portrayals(描绘) of human emotions. Pay attention to how different characters feel and act. ②_______ Based on those emotions, predict what a character will do next. Or see if you can explain why a character did what he or she did.
People who're good at understanding others also tend to be good listeners. Research shows that the better someone listens, the more connected that person feels with the person who's talking.③_______
Focus on feelings while listening to a story. When a friend tells you about something, try to imagine how he or she might have felt. ④_______ For example, you can say, "Oh, that must have felt amazing!" or "That must be upsetting for you." You might find you can predict what your friend will say next.
⑤_______ Listen to a friend or family member about a story of a special time in his or her life. Try to imagine what the experience was really like for them. Ask them to tell you more about how they felt and why.
A. Ask others what they need.
B. This produces a feeling of closeness.
C. Take time to listen to someone in depth.
D. Look at people's expressions and body language.
E. Here are some ways to develop your observation skills.
F. Try to understand why the characters feel the way they do.
G. Make statements that show you're trying to understand your friend's experience.
7.
How to Deal with Crowd Anxiety
If you feel stressed out or nervous when you approach a large crowd of people, you're probably dealing with crowd anxiety. ①_____, especially if you live in a larger city or urban environment. Thankfully, there are ways you can lessen the symptoms of your anxiety and face your fear of crowds head on to feel more comfortable around large groups.
②_____. Picture yourself feeling calm and at peace. If you start feeling anxious, take a few deep breaths, but keep picturing yourself in a crowded space. Exposing yourself to crowds when you're at home can lead to less anxiety when you encounter(遭遇) them in real life.
Take a friend with you in large crowds. ③_____. If you know you're headed somewhere with a large crowd, consider asking a friend or family member to come with you. You can tell them ahead of time that you might get a little anxious, but that you'll be okay.
Calm yourself with deep breathing. If you feel yourself getting anxious, pause and take some breaths. Breathe in through your nose for 5 seconds, then slowly let the breath out of your mouth. ④_____.
Keep a journal about your anxiety. Write down your feelings to work through them. For some people, keeping a journal is a good way to recognize their triggers(诱因) to find out what makes them anxious. ⑤_____. Try writing in your journal when you're feeling anxious.
A. Focus on something else
B. It can be hard to avoid crowds
C. Imagine yourself in a crowd before going out
D. You should learn how to get along with a crowd
E. For others, it's a great place to let out their feelings
F. Do this 5 to 10 times until you feel yourself calming down
G. Having someone next to you can lower your anxiety levels
8.
A recent study in the journal Marine Ecology Progress Series has a great influence when it comes to the question of how sharks will interact with humans as climate change continues to worsen. It predicts a world where humans and sharks will encounter more often than the present case.
Contrary to popular media descriptions that speak ill of sharks, humans will not be in that much trouble when this happens. ①______, in which millions of innocent sharks are the big losers due to human activity beyond their control.
First, let's explore why sharks and humans will probably be running into each other's world more often. One reason is the field of urban ecology and, specifically, how different species respond when they come across humans. ②______; think of raccoons(浣熊) that search for food from rubbish and pigeons(鸽子) that stay on statues in major cities all over the planet. On the other hand, there are urban avoiders, or animals that avoid major cities out of self-protection; ③______
The researchers initially believed that sharks would also be urban avoiders. ④______. Scientists learned that space use patterns of tracked sharks were consistent with that of urban adapters.
⑤______. The reality, however, is that humans have driven sharks to the edge of extinction while shark attacks on people remain quite rare. Humans are not sharks' preferred prey(猎物), and the likelihood of increased human-shark interactions causes far more of a threat to sharks than to humans.
A. Surprisingly, that's not the case
B. It will instead be a heartbreaking tragedy
C. Humans have a long lasting fear against sharks
D. Therefore, they think the sharks won't get too close to us
E. Large animals like wolves and mountain lions fall into this category
F. Tigers and lions are so dangerous that we keep them away from our cities
G. If a species thinks its members can get along just great with us, they are known as urban adapters
答案以及解析
1.答案：DCEGA
解析：①结合第二段"In some parts of India, people tilt(倾斜) their heads from side to side to confirm something and show that they are actively listening. In western countries, people nod to show agreement.(在印度的一些地方，人们把头从一边歪到另一边来确认一些事情，表明他们在积极地倾听。在西方国家，人们点头表示同意)"的"在不同文化中，点头摇头意味着不同含义"的例子和下文的其他姿势也有文化差异的例子，可知本文主要讲不同文化中，姿势含义不同，D选项"以下是一些姿势及其在不同文化中的含义。"切题。故选D。
②由小标题"Head movements(头部运动)"和上文"In western countries, people nod to show agreement.(在西方国家，人们点头表示同意)"可知，C选项"然而，在希腊，点头实际上意味着相反的意思。"与上文形成转折，讲不同的头部运动在不同的国家含义不同，点头在西方国家表示同意，但在希腊表示不同意。故选C。
③由小标题"Eye contact(视觉接触)"，上文"In western culture, visual contact when you speak to someone is considered a positive aspect of body language. Strong visual contact is common in Spain and the Arabic culture among people of the same sex.(在西方文化中，与人交谈时的视觉接触被认为是肢体语言的积极方面。在西班牙和阿拉伯文化中，同性之间的视觉接触很常见)"和下文"In Caribbean communities, children and teenagers are taught not to look at adults in the eyes when they are being corrected.(在加勒比社区，儿童和青少年被教育在被错误时不要直视成年人的眼睛)"可知，E选项"一些文化，如日本文化，认为长时间的视觉接触很尴尬。"承接上文讲在不同的国家和文化背景下，视觉接触的含义不同，日本又是一个例子。故选E。
④G选项"然而，在不同的国家，人们可能对握手有不同的解释。"与上文"Shaking hands is a normal and formal way to greet or say goodbye in western countries.(在西方国家，握手是一种正常而正式的问候或道别方式)"形成转折关系，表明在不同的国家和文化背景下,握手的含义是不一样的，引出下文"In Romania, for example, only men usually do it.(例如，在罗马尼亚，通常只有男性才这样做)"和"In England, however, it's unusual to shake hands with someone you are introduced to in an informal setting.(然而，在英国，在非正式场合与被介绍给你的人握手是不常见的)"的具体例子。故选G。
⑤该空起总结上文的作用。结合上文就"头部运动"视觉接触"问候和道别"讲明：在不同的国家和文化背景下，姿势含义不一样，说明A选项"肢体语言因国家而异。"切题。故选A。
2.答案：GBDCDE
本文为一篇说明文,介绍了青少年大脑发育过程中对于他们心理和行为上的影响。
解析：①空前描述青少年在青春期会做狂野和危险的事情，空后"But now scientists have studied the physical development of the brain in more detail, leading to a new theory of why teens act the way they do.(但现在，科学家们对大脑的生理发育进行了更详细的研究，并提出了一种关于青少年行为方式的新理论)"表示科学发现解释青少年行为的理论；G选项"These things were thought to be down to the foolishness of the young.这些事情被认为是年轻人的愚蠢行为)"描述人们对于青少年行为的普遍观点，且These things与前文中的wild and dangerous things对应。故选G。
②空前"Scientists discovered that though our brains are almost at their full size by the age of six, they are not fully developed. Now, scientists have found our brains continue to change still age 25.(科学家们发现，虽然我们的大脑在6岁时几乎达到完整大小，但它们还没有完全发育。现在，科学家发现我们的大脑在25岁之前会继续变化)"表示大脑一直要发育到25岁，结合上一段描述青少年行为的科学原因可知，B选项"The result is the unpredictable actions seen in test(其结果就是青少年不可预测的行为)"表示生理变化导致行为上的结果，符合语境。故选B。
③空前"When teenagers think about rewards, their brains produce more chemicals that create pleasure than adult brains would.(当青少年想到回报时，他们的大脑会比成年人产生更多的化学物质来创造快乐)描述对于青少年来说，回报会带来快乐，D选项"This makes the rewards seem more important than the risks.(这使得回报似乎比风险更重要)"描述青少年对于回报和风险的看法，且本句中This指代前文一句内容。 故选D。
④空前"As it's still developing, a teenage brain can change to deal with new situations.(青少年的大脑还在发育中，它可以改变来应对新情况)"描述青少年的大脑在发育，会改变来应对新情况，空后"In this way, the brain encourages teens to have a wide circle of friends.(通过这种方式，大脑鼓励青少年拥有广泛的朋友圈)"描述青少年在社交上的行为；C选项"Therefore, it connects social rewards with more pleasure(因此，它将社会奖励与更多的快乐联系在一起)" 描述青少年如何应对社会关系，承上启下。故选C。
⑤空前"Some people think that this hunt for greater rewards can sometimes lead teenagers to go to extremes.(有些人认为这种追求更大回报的行为有时会导致青少年走向极端)"讲述过分追求回报对于青少年的弊端，空后"It means that teens are more likely, and less afraid, to try new things or to be independent.(这意味着青少年更有可能，更少害怕，去尝试新事物或独立)描述对于青少年的好处；E选项"However, it is of great benefit for teenagers to strive for rewards.(然而，对青少年来说，争取回报是有很大好处的)"进行转折，描述追求回报的好处，符合语境。故选E。
3.答案：BFEDG
解析：本文是一篇说明文。口音是我们身份的重要组成部分，同时口音对学习一门新语言也很重要，本文主要讲述了口音产生的原因，正确的口音的重要性以及如何的改善口音。
①根据上文"Accents are an important part of our identity. An accent gives clues about who we are, and the community we belong to or wish to belong to."(口音是我们身份的重要组成部分，口音提供了我们是谁的线索，以及我们所属或希望属于的社区。)讲述了口音对学习者的重要意义，所以空白处应是对承接前文，描述口音的其它作用。B项"They're also important for those learning a new language,"(它们对学习一门新语言也很重要)承接上文,说明口音的重要性,话题一致，其中"important "原词重现。故选B。
②根据上句"What is the difference between accents and pronunciation " (口音和发音的区别是什么呢 )可知本段主要陈述口音和发音的区别。下文"A French person may speak English flawlessly(完美无瑕地), just with a French accent.(一个法国人可能会说一口流利的英语，只是带着法国口音)"可知，一个法国人可能会说一口流利的英语且带着法国口音是没有问题的，因而，空白处应是讲述什么是口音。F项"Accents are about localized ways of speaking a language'"口音是关于说一种语言的本地化方式)符合题意。故选F。
③设空处概括本段内容，为本段小标题，设空处与 上下段的首句句式保持一致，即应是特殊疑问句。根据"If you think back historically people were much more localized with generation after generation of families living in the same small villages and few people traveled out of that area during their lifetimes. So over many generations differences in accent emerged and became very distinct to particular areas.(如果你回想一下历史，人们更加本地化，一代又一代的家庭生活在同一个小村庄，很少有人在他们的一生中离开那个地区。所以在许多代人的时间里，口音的差异出现了，并且在特定地区变得非常明显)"可知，本段主要讲解的是不同类型的口音形成的原因；E项"Where do different types of accents come from "(不同类型的口音从何而来 )概括本段内容。故选E。
④根据上句"If you're moving to a certain part of a country, you might want to integrate better with your new community(如果你要搬到一个国家的某个地方，你可能想要更好地融入你的新社区)"可知，接下来的内容可以陈述更好的融入新社区的办法。D项"The best way is to learn the specific accent of that region."(最好的方法是学习那个地区的特定口音)承接上句，说明想要更好地融入新社区最好的方法是学习那个地区的特定口音。故选D。
⑤根据前文"And then learners should consider which sounds exist in the language you' re learning and then spend some time in front of the mirror practicing moving your tongue and mouth to get those new and different sounds" (然后学习者应该考虑你正在学习的语言中存在哪些声音，然后花一些时间在镜子前练习移动你的舌头和嘴巴来获得那些新的和不同的发音。)讲述了学习者可以通过何种办法来让自己学习新的语言中的不同的发音。下文"which can sometimes even change the meaning of words." (有时甚至可以改变单词的意思。)可知，空白处描述的内容为学习者在学习新的发音时，可能会引起单词意思改变的情形。选项G "And learners should be aware of stress and tone"(学习者应注意重音和音调)说明重音和音调是导致单词意义改变的情形，符合题意。故选G。
4.答案：DBEGF
解析：①根据空前的Maybe you believe that to lose weight, one must go on a diet. Usually, you eat in a certain way until you reach your weight goals (也许你认为要减肥，就必须节食。通常，你会以某种方式进食，直到达到体重目标。)可知,或许你认为要减肥就必须要节食，直到达到你的减肥目标。这里的"Maybe you believe that... "对应D选项(这种想法会让你失败。)中的This thought of thinking，作者认为节食不是减肥的方法，用这个方法减肥会失败。后文中的代词"this'指代的是"减肥失败的问题"。故选D。
②本文共给出三个建议,用的是祈使句的形式。空格处是本段的主题句。根据空后第一句Eating healthily doesn't mean you have to give up food. (健康饮食并不意味着你必须放弃食物。)可知，本段作者要给出的建议是健康饮食，不是绝食。因此B项Don' t hurt yourself. (不要伤害自己。)正确。故选B。
③根据上句The good news is that once you start to eat healthily and start cutting sugar out of your diet, you will start losing the craving for sweets. (好消息是，一旦你开始健康饮食，开始减少饮食中的糖，你就会开始失去对糖果的渴望。)再综合全段考虑，健康饮食，不是不吃甜品，而是适当控制摄入量：有了健康饮食的意识，不过度摄入糖，习惯成自然，这是一一个长期的过程。因此E项In other words, it gets easy as time goes by.(换句话说，随着时间的推移，它变得越来越容易。)是对上一句的解释，符合题意。故选E。
④根据后文So ask people around you to remind you of your fitness goals when they catch you binging eating. (所以,当你周围的人发现你在大吃大喝时，让他们提醒你你的健身目标。)可知，空处与后文存在因果关系，因此G项Usually, we eat more than we want to just out of habit.(通常，出于习惯，我们吃得比想要的多。)可以是下一句原因，很多时候，我们不自觉地暴饮暴食，这就是我们需要别人来提醒的原因。故选G。
⑤根据小标题Limit your access to food. (限制你获取食物。)及其他段落结构分析，F项It's hard to eat a lot when you don't have food to eat. (当你没有食物吃的时候，很难吃很多。)是对小标题的解释，身边没有可以吃的，自然就不会暴饮暴食了。空后的句子是对小标题的解释和具体做法。故选F。
5.答案：CFADG
解析：①由前文"Want to add a simple movement to your daily life Walking may be your best choice.(想在日常生活中加入一个简单的动作吗？步行可能是你最好的选择。)"可知，这篇文章主要讲步行，且由下文小标题可知，后文主要讲步行的一些益处。所以C项Here are some of the benefits walking offers you(以下是步行给你带来的一些好处)符合语境，有承上启下作用。故选C。
②由后文" You can go for a 30-minute walk once a day or break it up into three 10-minute parts.(你可以每天散步一次，每次30分钟，也可以分成三个10分钟的部分。)"可知，这里主要在讲一天30分钟步行走的方式。而F项Experts suggest walking 30minutes a day. five to seven days a week(专家建议每天步行30分钟，每周步行5到7天)符合语境，其中"30 minutes a day"和后文30分钟应该怎样完成相对应。故选F。
③由下文"What benefits physical health often benefits mental health-the same is true for walking. Just five minutes of walking can lower anxiety. If you have any kind of green space nearby, try to take advantage of it. One study showed that people who went on a 90-minute nature walk reported fewer bad feelings.(有益于身体健康的东西往往有益于精神健康，步行也是如此。只要走五分钟就能减轻焦虑。如果你附近有任何类型的绿地，尽量利用它。一项研究表明，进行90分钟自然散步的人报告的不良情绪较少。)"可知，这段主要讲步行对精神方面的益处，步行能减少压力。而A项Walking can help reduce stress(散步有助于减轻压力)符合语境。故选A。
④由小标题"Walking can improve your sleep(步行可以改善你的睡眠)"以及后文" Getting outside in the day for a walk can also help you stay awake in the morning and get sleepier toward the night.(白天出去散步也可以帮助你早上保持清醒，晚上更容易入睡。)"可知，文章这里主要讲步行有助于睡眠。而D项Walking in the day can help you get a better night's rest(白天散步可以帮助你获得更好的夜间休息)符合语境，其中"a better night's rest"与后文对应。故选D。
⑤由后文" A brisk pace refers to a 17-to 15-minute mile, or 50% to 70% of your maximum heart rate.(轻快的配速指的是用17到15分钟走一英里，或你最大心率的50%到70%。)"可知，这里主要在解释A brisk pace。而G项Walking at least 45 minutes a day at a brisk pace will see the most benefits(以快节奏每天至少步行45分钟将看到最大的好处)符合语境。其中"a brisk pace"与后文对应。故选G。
6.答案：DFBGC
解析：①根据下一句Next time you're at the mall, look around and try to identify how people might be feeling based on their body language, facial expressions, and what they're doing.(下次你在商场时，环顾四周，试着根据人们的肢体语言、面部表情和正在做的事情来确定他们的感受。)可知，此处说的是根据人们的肢体语言、面部表情和正在做的事情来确定他们的感受。所以D. Look at people's expressions and body language.(看看人们的表情和肢体语言。)符合语境。故选D。
②根据上一句Pay attention to how different characters feel and act.(注意不同角色的感受和行为。)可知，此处说的是注意不同角色的感受和行为。所以F.Try to understand why the characters feel the way they do.(试着理解为什么角色会有这样的感觉。)符合语境。故选F。
③根据上一句(研究表明，一个人听得越好，他与说话的人的联系就越紧密。)可知，此处说的是善于倾听的人与说话的人的联系就越紧密。所以B.This produces a feeling of closeness.(这会产生一种亲近感。)符合语境。故选B。
④根据下一句For example, you can say, "Oh, that must have felt amazing!" or "That must be upsetting for you."(例如，你可以说，"哦，那一定感觉很棒！"或者"那一定让你心烦。")可知，此处说的是听完朋友的故事要做一些陈述。所以G.Make statements that show you re trying to understand your friend's experience. (做一些陈述，表明你试图理解朋友的经历。)符合语境。故选G。
⑤根据下一句(听朋友或家人讲述他或她生命中某个特殊时刻的故事。)可知，此处说的是要倾听别人的故事。所以C.Take time to listen to someone in depth.(花点时间深入倾听别人的意见。)符合语境。故选C。
7.答案：BCGFE
解析：①上句"If you feel stressed out or nervous when you approach a large crowd of people, you're probably dealing with crowd anxiety.(如果你在接近一大群人时感到紧张或紧张，你可能是在处理人群焦虑)"定义了"人群焦虑症"，结合空后"especially if you live in a larger city or urban environment(特别是如果你生活在一个较大的城市或都市环境)"可如，本句说明这种心理状况无处不在，特别是在城市，因此要完善的句意就是"难以回避"。B项"人群很难避免"符合语境，而下句"Thankfully, there are ways.. "则衔接了上文语义逻辑：虽然很难回避，所幸有法处理。故选B。
②本题是选段落主题句，下句"Picture yourself feeling calm and at peace.(想象你自己感到平静) "展了主题句，句中的picture属名词转动词，是imagine的同义再现，而本段主要讲的就是事前在家通过想象情景训练以适应人群焦虑，C项"出门前想象你在一群人之中"符合语境。故选C。
③根据本段主题句"Take a friend with you in large crowds.(带一个朋友在人群中) "可知，空处是主题句下的拓展句，G项"有人在你身边可以降低你的焦虑水平"符合语境，G项中的someone指的就是前文的friends,自然地衔接了主题句；而下句中的friend, family属原词再现，则连贯了整段语义。故选G。
④根据本段主题句"Calm yourself with deep breathing.(深呼吸让自己平静下来)"可知，本段主要介绍通过深呼吸让自己平静的办法，本题位于段尾，前面"Breathe in through your nose for 5 seconds, then slowly let the breath out of your mouth.(用鼻子吸气5秒钟，然后慢慢地把气从嘴里呼出来)"讲了深呼吸方法要领，F项"这样做5到10次，直到你感觉自己平静下来"总结强调需反复做的次数，完善了段落语义。故选F。
⑤根据本段主题句"Keep a journal about your anxiety.(记录你的焦虑)"可知，本段大意是记录人群焦虑情绪的好处，上文"For some people, keeping a journal is a good way to recognize their triggers(诱因) to find out what makes them anxious.(对一些人来说, 写日记是识别他们焦虑的诱因的好方法)"先讲了记录人群焦虑情绪对一些人的好处，空处应是再讲对另一些人的好处，E项"对其他人来说，这是一个宣泄情感的好地方"符合语境，且和上文构成"for some...for others"这一对比说明的逻辑关系。故选E。
8.答案：BGEAC
解析：这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了为什么随着气候变化继续恶化，鲨鱼和人类可能会更频繁地闯入对方的世界。
①B选项"相反，这将是一场令人心碎的悲剧"与上文"Contrary to popular media descriptions that speak ill of sharks, humans will not be in that much trouble when this happens. (与大众媒体描述的鲨鱼坏话相反，当这种情况发生时，人类不会有那么多麻烦)'形成转折关系，讲述与上文相反的情况，引出下文"in which millions of innocent sharks are the big losers due to human activity beyond their control (由于人类活动超出其控制范围,数百万无辜鲨鱼成为最大的输家)鲨鱼将面临的悲惨境地。故选B。
②G选项"如果一个物种认为它的成员可以与我们相处得很好，那么它们被称为城市适应者'承接上文"One reason is the field of urban ecology and, specially, how different species respond when they come across humans. (一个原因是城市生态学领域，特别是不同物种遇到人类时的反应)"讲某个物种遇到人类的可能反应，G选项中"urban adapters (城市适应者)"对应下文"On the other hand, there are urban avoiders, or animals that avoid major cities out of self-protection (另一方面，有城市回避者，或出于自我保护而避开大城市的动物)"中的"urban avoiders (城市回避者)"。故选G。
③E选项"像狼和山狮这样的大型动物属于这一类承接上文"On the other hand, there are urban avoiders, or animals that avoid major cities out of self-protection (另一方面，有城市回避者，或出于自我保护而避开大城市的动物)"具体举例狼和山狮，说明避开大城市的城市回避型动物。故选E。
④A选项"令人惊讶的是,事实并非如此"与上文"The researchers initially believed that sharks would also be urban avoiders. (研究人员最初认为鲨鱼也会成为城市回避者)形成转折关系，表明鲨鱼并非城市回避者，引出 下文"Scientists learned that space use patterns of tracked sharks were consistent with that of urban adapters. (科学家们了解到，被追踪鲨鱼的空间使用模式与城市适应者的一致)"讲明鲨鱼其实是城市适应者。故选A。
⑤C选项"人类对鲨鱼有着持久的恐惧"与下文"The reality, however, is that humans have driven sharks to the edge of extinction while shark attacks on people remain quite rare. Humans are not sharks' preferred prey(猎物), and the likelihood of increased human-shark interactions causes far more of a threat to sharks than to humans. (然而，现实是，人类已经将鲨鱼逼到了灭绝的边缘，而鲨鱼袭击人类的事件仍然相当罕见。人类不是鲨鱼的首选猎物，人与鲨鱼互动增加的可能性对鲨鱼的威胁远大于对人类的威胁)"形成转折关系，表明人类虽害怕鲨鱼，但对鲨鱼造成威胁的反而是人类，突出一种强烈的对比感。故选C。
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