2023年普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟试题卷
英语
温馨提示：
1．本试题卷分阅读技能、知识运用、写作技能三个部分，考试时量为90分钟，满分为100分;
2．请你将姓名、准考证号等相关信息按要求填涂在答题卡上;
3．请你在答题卡上答题，答在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 阅读技能(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 阅读理解(共12小题;每小题3分，共36分)
阅读下列小题，从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The 2022 World Internet Conference closed on November 11, 2022 in Wuzhen, Zhejiang Province. There were a lot of cool inventions shown there. Let’s have a look at some of them.
A Smart Helmet
When delivery people send food around, they often use their mobile phones while riding. It’s very dangerous. To make them safer, a company has created a new helmet. It connects with the mobile phone and can “talk”. It can tell delivery people new orders and where the customers are. Delivery people can also take orders and answer messages by talking to the helmet. If the wearer has an accident, the helmet can make a call for help right away.
Type with Eyes
Many disabled people can’t move their hands. They find it hard to type on a computer. A company has developed eye-controlling technology. By looking at the screen and moving their eyes, people can type words easily.
A Business Card A Computer!
A computer which was as big as a business card caught people’s eyes. It’s called Raspberry Pi. It’s one of the world’s smallest computers. Although it only costs a few hundred yuan, it has a memory of 8G. It is designed for learning computer programming. It can do a lot of difficult calculations. You can also use it to create your computer games.
Magic Mirror for Health
Scan your face, and then the software will know a lot about your health. This is what Magic Mirror can do. It’s a smart health check system. You don’t need to wear any devices. Just stand in front of it for 30 seconds, and it will know your heart conditions, blood pressure and the risks of some diseases.
1. Which is true about the smart helmet
A. It can help delivery people ride slowly.
B. It can remind delivery people of danger.
C. It can make delivery people relaxed by talking.
D. It can help delivery people work much safer.
2. How do disabled people type words with the new technology
A. By talking loudly. B. By moving their eyes.
C. By waving their hands. D. By touching the keys.
3. Magic Mirror can tell people some information EXCEPT___________.
A. eating habits B. blood pressure
C. heart conditions D. risks of some diseases
4. In which section of a website can we most probably read the text
A. Nature. B. Business. C. Science. D. Lifestyle.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了2022年世界互联网大会中一些发明。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据A Smart Helmet部分中“When delivery people send food around, they often use their mobile phones while riding. It’s very dangerous. To make them safer, a company has created a new helmet.(外卖员在送外卖的时候，经常在骑车的时候用手机。这很危险。为了让他们更安全，一家公司发明了一种新的头盔)”可知，智能头盔能让外卖员更安全，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Type with Eyes部分中“A company has developed eye-controlling technology. By looking at the screen and moving their eyes, people can type words easily.(一家公司开发了眼控技术。通过看屏幕和移动他们的眼睛，人们可以很容易地打字)”可知，残疾人可以利用新技术通过移动眼睛来打字。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Magic Mirror for Health部分中“Just stand in front of it for 30 seconds, and it will know your heart conditions, blood pressure and the risks of some diseases.(只要站在它面前30秒，它就会知道你的心脏状况、血压和一些疾病的风险)”可知，神奇的镜子可以告诉人们心脏状况、血压和一些疾病的风险，A项“饮食习惯”没有提及，故选A。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合第一段“The 2022 World Internet Conference closed on November 11, 2022 in Wuzhen, Zhejiang Province. There were a lot of cool inventions shown there. Let’s have a look at some of them.(2022年世界互联网大会11月11日在浙江乌镇闭幕。那里展示了很多很酷的发明。让我们来看看其中的一些)”可知，文章主要介绍了2022年世界互联网大会中一些很酷的发明，和科学技术有关，故可以在网站的科学部分读到，故选C。
B
I ran into quite a few language problems while vacationing ( 度假) with my family last summer. The most embarrassing was when my Mom apologized to the people we were staying with because her “pants were dirty”. They looked at her in amazement, not knowing how to react. You see, Mom had fallen over and gotten mud on her jeans. But in Britain, “pants” means underpants or knickers( 内裤；衬裤), not trousers as it does back home.
Katie — From America
I went to stay with a friend on the west coast last summer. Her flat was on the first floor of a high-rise building so I got the lift up. Then I wandered round for ages looking for her flat but couldn’t find it. Fed up and tired, I finally had to go out to find a phone box. She explained that her flat was on the first floor, which for me meant the ground floor.
David — From Britain
When I asked for the “restroom” in a big department store, people kept directing me to a room with seats where I could sit and “rest”. It took me years to get through to (使...明白)someone that I only wanted the toilet!
Tom — From America
Last summer we went on a two-week family touring holiday, so Dad hired a car over the Internet. This was an old vehicle and there turned out (结果是；证明是)to be lots of things wrong with it. When he phoned the hire company and tried to explain that the lock on the boot was broken, they thought he was talking about footwear! He had no idea their word for “boot” was “trunk”. In the end we went to a garage and just solved the problem.
Mary — From Britain
5. David went out to find a phone box to ________.
A. phone the police for help B. phone his friend for help
C. tell his friends he couldn’t go to visit her D. apologize for his being late
6. When Tom asked for the “restroom”, the people around him thought ________.
A. he wanted to have a rest. B. he wanted the toilet
C. he wanted a chair D. He wanted to go to a department store
7. The underlined word “garage” is probably ________.
A. a parking place B. a car
C. a gas station D. a place to repair cars
8. Which of the following words is from British English？
A. Pants. B. Ground floor.
C. Restroom. D. Trunk.
【答案】5. B 6. A 7. D 8. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，通过分享几个人的切身经历，说明英式英语和美式英语间存在的文化差异。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“went to stay with a friend”（去找一个朋友）以及“Then I wandered round for ages looking for her flat but couldn’t find it. Fed up and tired, I finally had to go out to find a phone box. She explained that her flat was on the first floor, which for me meant the ground floor.”（然后，我四处寻找她的公寓，但找不到。我受够了，也累了，最后只好出去找个电话亭。她解释说她的公寓在first floor，对我来说就是ground floor。）可知，David去找一个电话亭是给他的朋友打电话寻求帮助。故B选项正确。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When I asked for the “restroom” in a big department store, people kept directing me to a room with seats where I could sit and “rest”. It took me years to get through to (使...明白)someone that I only wanted the toilet!”（当我在一家大百货公司要去restroom时，人们不停地把我领到一个有座位的房间，我可以坐在那里“休息”。我花了好长时间才让人明白我只是想上厕所。）可知，当Tom要求去restroom时，他周围的人认为他想休息一下。故A选项正确。
【7题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线所在句的上文When he phoned the hire company and tried to explain that the lock on the boot was broken, they thought he was talking about footwear! He had no idea their word for “boot” was “trunk”.（当他打电话给租赁公司的时候，他试图解释boot上的锁是坏了的，他们以为他在说鞋子！他不知道他们说的“boot”是“trunk”）可知，他们租用的汽车锁坏了。In the end we went to a garage and just solved the problem.（最后我们到了garage才解决了这个问题），汽车有问题肯定去“修车行”解决了问题。故D选项正确。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据一、三、四段内容可知，ACD三个选项在英式和美式英语中都有，只是意思不同，再结合第二段“She explained that her flat was on the first floor, which for me meant the ground floor.”（她解释说她的公寓在first floor，对我来说就是ground floor。）可知，ground floor只在英式英语中出现。故B选项正确。
C
China is a land of bicycles. At least it was back in 1992 when I traveled the country. Back then everyone seemed to be riding a bicycle. Millions of them, all black. Cars were rare. Yet since my arrival in Beijing last year, I’ve found the opposite is true. There are millions of cars. However, people still use their bicycles to get around. For many, it’s the easiest and cheapest way to travel today. Bicycles also come in different colors --- silver, green, red, blue, yellow, whatever you want.
It’s fun watching people biking. They rush quickly through crossroads, move skillfully through traffic, and ride even on sidewalks. Bicycles allow people the freedom to move about that cars just can’t provide.
Eager to be part of this aspect of Chinese culture, I decided to buy a bicycle. Great weather accompanied my great buy. I immediately jumped up on my bicycle seat and started home.
My first ride home was orderly (守秩序的). To be safe, I stayed with a “pack” of bikers while cars on the streets came running swiftly out of nowhere at times. I didn’t want to get hit. So I took the ride carefully.
Crossing the streets was the biggest problem. It was a lot like crossing a major highway back in the United States. The streets here were wide, so crossing took time, skill and a little bit of luck.
I finally made it home. The feeling on the bicycle was amazing. The air hitting my face and going through my hair was wonderful. I was sitting on top of the world as I passed by places and people. Biking made me feel alive.
9. According to the author, why are bicycles still popular in China today
A. Because they are traditional and safe.
B. Because they are convenient and inexpensive.
C. Because they are colorful and available.
D. Because they are fast and environment friendly.
10. The author decided to buy a bicycle because he intended __________.
A. to ride it for fun B. to use it for transport
C. to experience local culture D. to improve his riding skills
11. How did the author feel about his street crossing？
A. It was boring. B. It was difficult.
C. It was lively. D. It was wonderful.
12. Which of the following best describes the author’s biking experience
A. The author enjoyed showing off his biking skills.
B. The author was annoyed by the air while riding.
C. The author was praised by the other bikers.
D. The author took great pleasure in biking.
【答案】9. B 10. C 11. B 12. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为记叙文。中国在过去是自行车的王国，而现在仍然有很多人喜欢骑自行车出行，因为这种交通方式方便、省钱。为了融入这种文化，“我”也买了一辆自行车。但是在回家途中，发现骑车过街是最大的问题，需要时间、技巧和一点儿运气。但是骑行经历让“我”觉得很愉快、很有趣。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中For many，it’s the easiest and cheapest way to travel today.可知，自行车如今仍然很受欢迎，是因为它的便捷和经济。根据倒数第二段 I didn't want to get hit. So I took the ride carefully. 和倒数第三段 so crossing took time, skill and a little bit of luck.的叙述可知，骑自行车并不安全，速度也不是很快，故A项和D项错误；文章虽然提到了自行车的颜色多种多样，但这并不是它受欢迎的原因，故C项错误，故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话Eager to be part of this aspect of Chinese culture...可知，作者购买自行车是因为迫切地想融入中国的这种文化之中，故C项正确。作者在有了骑行经历之后才发现了其中的乐趣，故A项错误；文章并未提到作者购买自行车是为了作为交通工具或者提高骑行技术，故排除B项和D项，故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的叙述Crossing the streets was the biggest problem.so crossing took time, skill and a little bit of luck可知，骑车过街是最大的问题，需要时间、技巧和运气，因此作者认为骑车过街非常困难故选B。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段The feeling on the bicycle was amazing. The air was hitting my face and going through my hair. I was sitting on top of the world as I passed by places and people. 可知，空气吹拂脸颊和头发的感觉很美妙，骑行时就像坐在了世界的顶端，骑自行车使作者觉得充满了活力。由此可判断出，作者觉得骑自行车很有乐趣，故D项正确。A项意为“作者喜欢炫耀自己的骑行技术”；B项意为“作者很讨厌骑行时的空气”；C项意为“作者被其他骑行人员赞扬了”，均与文章内容不符，故选D。
第二节 (小标题填空;共3小题，满分9分)
下面文章中有3处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C和D)中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
When it comes to learning English, lots of people hate learning idioms. However, if you don’t learn idioms, you may not always understand everything you hear or read in English. So, let’s try these tips to make remembering the idioms a piece of cake.
_______13_______
You’d better develop a good habit of taking notes when you learn English. When you hear or read new words or expressions and you don’t understand them, write them down in your notebook. Then you can go to ask your teacher for help or look them up in your dictionary.
_______14_______
Sometimes the context can help you know the meaning of an idiom. For example, if two students are talking about one of their classmates, they say something like “She always has the right answer. She’s a real teacher’s pet.” You know they are talking about a clever girl. Then you can know that “teacher’s pet” means “their favorite student of the teacher”.
_______15_______
If you think you know how to use an idiom then don’t hold your tongue! Practice it with your friends or in class. It’s the only way to really learn how to use it.
A. Practice
B. Take notes
C. Read them aloud
D. Use context
【答案】13. B 14. D
15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述在学习英语中有助于了解习语含义的几个技巧。
【13题详解】
根据本段中“You’d better develop a good habit of taking notes when you learn English. When you hear or read new words or expressions and you don’t understand them, write them down in your notebook.(你学习英语时最好养成做笔记的好习惯。当你听到或读到不理解的新单词或短语时，把它们记在笔记本上)”可知，本段主要讲述要记笔记，B项“记笔记”符合语境，故选B。
【14题详解】
根据本段中“Sometimes the context can help you know the meaning of an idiom.(有时上下文可以帮助你了解习语的意思)”可知，本段主要讲述要利用上下文了解习语含义，故D项“利用上下文”符合语境，故选D。
【15题详解】
根据本段中“If you think you know how to use an idiom, then don’t hold your tongue! Practice it with your friends or in class.(如果你认为你知道如何使用一个习语，那就不要闭嘴！和你的朋友或在课堂上练习)”可知，本段主要是说要多练习，A项“练习”符合语境，故选A。
第二部分 知识运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One year my children came home from school asking where we were going on summer vacation. It seemed that all the other kids were____16____ where they were spending the summer. I couldn’t ___17___to take them anywhere but I didn’t want to tell them that so I just said, “It’s a surprise!” They were delighted. That bought me a little more time.
I called several amusement parks to see if there was a half-price event during the summer but no such ___18___ . I tried everything, with no success, so I called some of the other moms to find that most were in the same situation that I was. We decided to ___19___something fun for our kids to do. We had a meeting, all five of us, and created what is now called a “playcation”.
One mother was a ___20___ , so on Mondays the kids would all go to her house. They would play games using plants and vegetables. They also planted vegetables and watch them grow over the summer.
Another mother had Bible___21___on Tuesdays. She asked some questions about Bible. The kid who answered correctly got a penny, which they all turned in at the end to buy their goodie bags.
At our house on Wednesdays, I made an outdoor___22___training with my spare tires. The kids also walked a balance beam and raced through large cardboard boxes taped together.
On___23___they had arts and crafts across the street. Fridays were hosted by a wonderful single dad with a metal detector who took everyone out treasure___24___ .
The summer was a big success. Okay, it wasn’t Disney World, ___25___the kids didn’t miss anything. My son actually asked me, “Can we do this again next year ”
16. A. rejecting B. discussing C. learning D. reporting
17. A. sacrifice B. offer C. select D. afford
18. A. hope B. luck C. attitude D. hobby
19. A. come up with B. face up to C. look forward to D. step away from
20. A. teacher B. doctor C. gardener D. grocer
21. A. debates B. readings C. explanations D. contests
22. A. computer B. obstacle C. painting D. speech
23. A. Thursdays B. Saturdays C. Sundays D. Mondays
24. A. hiding B. making C. hunting D. donating
25. A. and B. so C. or D. but
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述暑假作者没钱带孩子们出去玩，于是和其他几个母亲一起想出一些有趣的活动，虽然孩子们没有去迪士尼，但是他们什么也没错过。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：似乎所有其他的孩子都在讨论他们要去哪里过暑假。A. rejecting拒绝；B. discussing讨论；C. learning学习；D. reporting报道。根据上文“One year my children came home from school asking where we were going on summer vacation.(有一年，我的孩子们放学回家问我们暑假要去哪里)”及语境可知，孩子们都在讨论暑假去哪里，所以孩子放学回家询问作者，故选B。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没钱带他们去任何地方，但我不想告诉他们，所以我就说：“这是一个惊喜！”A. sacrifice牺牲；B. offer提供；C. select选择；D. afford买得起，能做。根据语境及下文“I called several amusement parks to see if there was a half-price event during the summer(我给几个游乐园打了电话，看看夏天有没有半价活动)”可知，作者到处寻找游乐园的半价活动，由此推测作者没钱带孩子们出去玩，故选D。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给几个游乐园打了电话，想看看夏天有没有半价活动，但运气不佳。A. hope希望；B. luck运气；C. attitude态度；D. hobby兴趣。结合转折词but可知，此处指运气不佳，故选B。
【19题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们决定给孩子们找点有趣的事做。A. come up with想出，提出；B. face up to大胆面对；C. look forward to期待；D. step away from逃避。根据语境及下文“We had a meeting, all five of us, and created what is now called a ‘playcation’.(我们五个人开了个会，创造了现在所谓的‘游戏假期’)”可知，几个母亲决定想出一些有趣的活动给孩子玩，故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位母亲是园丁，所以每周一孩子们都会去她家。A. teacher老师；B. doctor医生；C. gardener园丁；D. grocer杂货商。根据下一句“They would play games using plants and vegetables.(他们会用植物和蔬菜做游戏)”可知，一位母亲是园丁，故选C。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一位母亲在周二举办圣经竞赛。A. debates辩论；B. readings阅读；C. explanations解释；D. contests比赛。根据下文的描述“She asked some questions about Bible. The kid who answered correctly got a penny, which they all turned in at the end to buy their goodie bags.(她问了一些关于圣经的问题。回答正确的孩子得到一便士，最后他们都把钱交上来，用来买他们的糖果袋)”可知，回答正确的孩子会得到奖励，故这是关于圣经的比赛，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周三，我都会在家里用备用轮胎进行户外障碍训练。A. computer电脑；B. obstacle障碍；C. painting绘画；D. speech演讲。根据下文“with my spare tires”和“The kids also walked a balance beam and raced through large cardboard boxes taped together.(孩子们还走着平衡木，在用胶带粘在一起的大纸箱里奔跑)”可知，结合走平衡木等活动，此处指用备用轮胎进行户外障碍训练，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周四他们在街对面有手工艺活动。A. Thursdays周四；B. Saturdays周六；C. Sundays周日；D. Mondays周一。根据上文“At our house on Wednesdays”和下文“Fridays were hosted”可知，此处是描述周四的活动，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：周五是由一位很棒的单身爸爸主持的，他带着金属探测器带大家出去寻宝。A. hiding躲，藏；B. making制作；C. hunting搜寻，追踪；D. donating捐赠。根据上文“who took everyone out”可知，此处指外出寻宝，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：好吧，虽然不是迪士尼乐园，但孩子们什么都没错过。A. and和，而且；B. so所以；C. or或者；D. but但是。结合句意可知，前后分句是转折关系，虽然不是迪士尼乐园，但孩子们什么都没错过，故选D。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I can well remember that I was once asked to deliver a speech titled “A Real Test in My Life” before the whole class at the age of 9! You can imagine how ___26___ (terrible) shy I was with so many eyes ___27___ (fix) upon me. I had no ___28___ (choose) but to prepare for it, though. First of all, I was to draft the speech, which was just a piece of cake for me, a good writer. But the hardest part ___29___ (lie) in my oral presentation from my memory— for to read from the paper was not allowed. The real moment began ___30___ I stood on the platform with my legs trembling and my mind blank. But my listeners were waiting patiently without any signs of rushing me. Gradually I found myself back, ___31___ (deliver) my speech with difficulty. After what seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applauding— I made ___32___! From then on, my fear of talking before an audience disappeared. Actually with my ___33___ (confident) building up, I now turn out to be a great speaker. Looking back, I know the greatest difficulty on our way ___34___ success is our fear. Overcome it ____35____ we will be able to achieve our goals.
【答案】26. terribly
27. fixed 28. choice
29. lay 30. when
31. delivering
32. it 33. confidence
34. to 35. and
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述作者9岁时的一次在全班面前的演讲，讲述当时的心情、动作及对以后成长的重要作用。
【26题详解】
考查副词。句意：你可以想象我有多害羞，有那么多的眼睛盯着我。此处修饰形容词shy要用副词，故填terribly。
【27题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处是with复合结构，其中eyes与fix是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，故填fixed。
【28题详解】
考查名词。句意：不过，我别无选择，只能做好准备。此处意“不得不做某事”，表达为have no choice but to do…，“选择”这里用名词，故填choice。
【29题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：但最困难的部分在于从我的记忆中进行口头陈述，因为照着文章读是不允许的。此处讲述过去发生的事情，全文都是过去时态，故此处用一般过去式，故填lay。
【30题详解】
考查连词。句意：当我双腿颤抖大脑空白地站在讲台上时，真正的时刻开始了。本句为when引导时间状语从句，故填when。
【31题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：渐渐地我发现自己又回来了，艰难地发表了演说。此处做状语，deliver与主语I是主动关系，因此用现在分词delivering作状语表示伴随，故填delivering。
【32题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我成功了！短语make it意为“达到预定目标；成功”，故填it。
【33题详解】
考查名词。句意：渐渐地，随着我自信心的增长，我现在成为了一个成功的演说家。此处应用名词作宾语，“confidence”自信心，为不可数名词，故填confidence。
34题详解】
考查介词。句意：回顾起来，我们成功路上最大的困难就是我们内心的恐惧。此处意为“通往……的路上”，表达为the way to…，故填to。
【35题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：克服它，我们将能够实现我们的目标。此处为“祈使句+and句型”，故填and。
第三部分 写作技能(共2节，满分30分)
第一节 双向翻译(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。
These days, we still need to wear masks because of COVID-19 when we go to some places like hospitals and supermarkets. It becomes a rule. We use lots of masks every day. But do you know a lot of them may end up on the streets, in the parks, or even in the rivers ____36____ 这对我们的环境是有害的。
A company in Cornwall, Britain came up with a good idea to solve the problem.
____37____ 他们能把用过的口罩变成有用的东西。 First, they collect used masks. Then, they remove the straps and wires. ____38____ After that, they put masks into a special machine. The masks turn into big blocks. At last, they break these blocks into small pieces and make litter pickers (捡拾器) with the pieces. ____39____ It is said that every 45 masks can make one litter picker.
Now in Cornwall, over 300 schools get these litter pickers. ____40____ Students can use them to help clean up their streets and parks. “The picker is made from masks. Now I can pick up a used mask with it. I think it’s really cool,” says a schoolgirl.
【答案】36. This/It is bad for/harmful to our environment.
37. They can change/turn used masks into something useful/useful things.
38. 之后，他们把这些口罩放进一个特殊的机器里。
39. 据说每45个口罩可以生产一个垃圾捡拾器。
40. 学生们可以用他们来帮忙清理街道和公园。
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍英国康沃尔的一家公司把用过的口罩变成垃圾捡拾器。
【36题详解】
考查固定短语。“这”使用指示代词this或代词it，“有害的”使用形容词bad或harmful，“对……有害”使用固定短语be bad for或be harmful to，“环境”使用名词environment，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，故翻译为：This/It is bad for/harmful to our environment.。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语。“他们”使用人称代词they，“能”使用情态动词can，后接动词原形，“把……变成”使用动词短语change/turn…into…，“用过的口罩”译为used masks，“有用的”使用形容词useful，“东西”可使用不定代词something或名词复数things，形容词修饰不定代词时置于不定代词之后，故翻译为：They can change/turn used masks into something useful/useful things.。
【38题详解】
考查句子结构。After that“之后”是介词短语作状语，主语是人称代词they“他们”，谓语动词是动词短语put…into“把……放进”，名词masks“口罩”是动词put的宾语，a special machine“一个特殊的机器”是介词into的宾语，故翻译为：之后，他们把这些口罩放进一个特殊的机器里。
【39题详解】
考查句子结构。It is said that…“据说”固定句型，It是形式主语，that引导主语从句，every 45 masks“每45个口罩”是从句主语，can“可以”是情态动词，make“生产，制造”是谓语动词，one litter picker“一个垃圾捡拾器”是宾语，故翻译为：据说每45个口罩可以生产一个垃圾捡拾器。
【40题详解】
考查句子结构。Students“学生们”是句子主语，can“可以”是情态动词，动词短语use…to do sth“使用……做某事”是句子的谓语部分，them“他们”作动词use的宾语，help do sth意为“帮助做某事”，clean up意为“清理”，their streets and parks“他们的街道和公园”是并列的名词，作clean up的宾语，故翻译为：学生们可以用他们来帮忙清理街道和公园。
第二节 情景作文(共1小题，满分20分)
41. 假定你是李华,在学习英语过程中遇到了困难.请给English Weekly 的编辑写一封短信.要点如下:
1.自我介绍;
2.遇到的困难;
3.希望得到建议和帮助
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.答案必须写在答题卡相应的位置.
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【答案】Dear Editor:
I am Li Hua, a student from Class One, Senior One. I have some difficulties in learning English and hope you can give me some useful advice. There is always a long list of new words in my book. I have never learned them before. It is a hard job for me to remember the spelling of them and even the Chinese meanings. So I cannot understand what the English teacher says in class. I get worried and afraid that I will fall behind in English. Could you help me, please
Best wishes!
【解析】
【分析】这篇书面表达属于应用文写作，要求写一封短信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华,在学习英语过程中遇到了困难.请给English Weekly 的编辑写一封短信。人称为第一人称，时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：have some difficulties in doing sth.做某事有困难，useful有益的，advice建议，a list of清单，spelling拼写，worried担心，afraid害怕的，fall behind落后。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如：I have some difficulties in learning English and hope you can give me some useful advice.宾语从句的运用；So I cannot understand what the English teacher says in class.宾语从句的运用。本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。2023年普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟试题卷
英语
温馨提示：
1．本试题卷分阅读技能、知识运用、写作技能三个部分，考试时量为90分钟，满分为100分;
2．请你将姓名、准考证号等相关信息按要求填涂在答题卡上;
3．请你在答题卡上答题，答在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 阅读技能(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 阅读理解(共12小题;每小题3分，共36分)
阅读下列小题，从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The 2022 World Internet Conference closed on November 11, 2022 in Wuzhen, Zhejiang Province. There were a lot of cool inventions shown there. Let’s have a look at some of them.
A Smart Helmet
When delivery people send food around, they often use their mobile phones while riding. It’s very dangerous. To make them safer, a company has created a new helmet. It connects with the mobile phone and can “talk”. It can tell delivery people new orders and where the customers are. Delivery people can also take orders and answer messages by talking to the helmet. If the wearer has an accident, the helmet can make a call for help right away.
Type with Eyes
Many disabled people can’t move their hands. They find it hard to type on a computer. A company has developed eye-controlling technology. By looking at the screen and moving their eyes, people can type words easily.
A Business Card A Computer!
A computer which was as big as a business card caught people’s eyes. It’s called Raspberry Pi. It’s one of the world’s smallest computers. Although it only costs a few hundred yuan, it has a memory of 8G. It is designed for learning computer programming. It can do a lot of difficult calculations. You can also use it to create your computer games.
Magic Mirror for Health
Scan your face, and then the software will know a lot about your health. This is what Magic Mirror can do. It’s a smart health check system. You don’t need to wear any devices. Just stand in front of it for 30 seconds, and it will know your heart conditions, blood pressure and the risks of some diseases.
1. Which is true about the smart helmet
A. It can help delivery people ride slowly.
B. It can remind delivery people of danger.
C. It can make delivery people relaxed by talking.
D. It can help delivery people work much safer.
2. How do disabled people type words with the new technology
A. By talking loudly. B. By moving their eyes.
C. By waving their hands. D. By touching the keys.
3. Magic Mirror can tell people some information EXCEPT___________.
A. eating habits B. blood pressure
C. heart conditions D. risks of some diseases
4. In which section of a website can we most probably read the text
A. Nature. B. Business. C. Science. D. Lifestyle.
B
I ran into quite a few language problems while vacationing ( 度假) with my family last summer. The most embarrassing was when my Mom apologized to the people we were staying with because her “pants were dirty”. They looked at her in amazement, not knowing how to react. You see, Mom had fallen over and gotten mud on her jeans. But in Britain, “pants” means underpants or knickers( 内裤；衬裤), not trousers as it does back home.
Katie — From America
I went to stay with a friend on the west coast last summer. Her flat was on the first floor of a high-rise building so I got the lift up. Then I wandered round for ages looking for her flat but couldn’t find it. Fed up and tired, I finally had to go out to find a phone box. She explained that her flat was on the first floor, which for me meant the ground floor.
David — From Britain
When I asked for the “restroom” in a big department store, people kept directing me to a room with seats where I could sit and “rest”. It took me years to get through to (使...明白)someone that I only wanted the toilet!
Tom — From America
Last summer we went on a two-week family touring holiday, so Dad hired a car over the Internet. This was an old vehicle and there turned out (结果是；证明是)to be lots of things wrong with it. When he phoned the hire company and tried to explain that the lock on the boot was broken, they thought he was talking about footwear! He had no idea their word for “boot” was “trunk”. In the end we went to a garage and just solved the problem.
Mary — From Britain
5. David went out to find a phone box to ________.
A. phone the police for help B. phone his friend for help
C. tell his friends he couldn’t go to visit her D. apologize for his being late
6. When Tom asked for the “restroom”, the people around him thought ________.
A. he wanted to have a rest. B. he wanted the toilet
C. he wanted a chair D. He wanted to go to a department store
7. The underlined word “garage” is probably ________.
A. a parking place B. a car
C. a gas station D. a place to repair cars
8. Which of the following words is from British English？
A Pants. B. Ground floor.
C. Restroom. D. Trunk.
C
China is a land of bicycles. At least it was back in 1992 when I traveled the country. Back then everyone seemed to be riding a bicycle. Millions of them, all black. Cars were rare. Yet since my arrival in Beijing last year, I’ve found the opposite is true. There are millions of cars. However, people still use their bicycles to get around. For many, it’s the easiest and cheapest way to travel today. Bicycles also come in different colors --- silver, green, red, blue, yellow, whatever you want.
It’s fun watching people biking. They rush quickly through crossroads, move skillfully through traffic, and ride even on sidewalks. Bicycles allow people the freedom to move about that cars just can’t provide.
Eager to be part of this aspect of Chinese culture, I decided to buy a bicycle. Great weather accompanied my great buy. I immediately jumped up on my bicycle seat and started home.
My first ride home was orderly (守秩序的). To be safe, I stayed with a “pack” of bikers while cars on the streets came running swiftly out of nowhere at times. I didn’t want to get hit. So I took the ride carefully.
Crossing the streets was the biggest problem. It was a lot like crossing a major highway back in the United States. The streets here were wide, so crossing took time, skill and a little bit of luck.
I finally made it home. The feeling on the bicycle was amazing. The air hitting my face and going through my hair was wonderful. I was sitting on top of the world as I passed by places and people. Biking made me feel alive.
9. According to the author, why are bicycles still popular in China today
A. Because they are traditional and safe.
B Because they are convenient and inexpensive.
C. Because they are colorful and available.
D. Because they are fast and environment friendly.
10. The author decided to buy a bicycle because he intended __________.
A. to ride it for fun B. to use it for transport
C. to experience local culture D. to improve his riding skills
11. How did the author feel about his street crossing？
A. It was boring. B. It was difficult.
C. It was lively. D. It was wonderful.
12. Which of the following best describes the author’s biking experience
A. The author enjoyed showing off his biking skills.
B. The author was annoyed by the air while riding.
C. The author was praised by the other bikers.
D. The author took great pleasure in biking.
第二节 (小标题填空;共3小题，满分9分)
下面文章中有3处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C和D)中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
When it comes to learning English, lots of people hate learning idioms. However, if you don’t learn idioms, you may not always understand everything you hear or read in English. So, let’s try these tips to make remembering the idioms a piece of cake.
_______13_______
You’d better develop a good habit of taking notes when you learn English. When you hear or read new words or expressions and you don’t understand them, write them down in your notebook. Then you can go to ask your teacher for help or look them up in your dictionary.
_______14_______
Sometimes the context can help you know the meaning of an idiom. For example, if two students are talking about one of their classmates, they say something like “She always has the right answer. She’s a real teacher’s pet.” You know they are talking about a clever girl. Then you can know that “teacher’s pet” means “their favorite student of the teacher”.
_______15_______
If you think you know how to use an idiom, then don’t hold your tongue! Practice it with your friends or in class. It’s the only way to really learn how to use it.
A. Practice
B. Take notes
C. Read them aloud
D. Use context
第二部分 知识运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One year my children came home from school asking where we were going on summer vacation. It seemed that all the other kids were____16____ where they were spending the summer. I couldn’t ___17___to take them anywhere but I didn’t want to tell them that so I just said, “It’s a surprise!” They were delighted. That bought me a little more time.
I called several amusement parks to see if there was a half-price event during the summer but no such ___18___ . I tried everything, with no success, so I called some of the other moms to find that most were in the same situation that I was. We decided to ___19___something fun for our kids to do. We had a meeting, all five of us, and created what is now called a “playcation”.
One mother was a ___20___ , so on Mondays the kids would all go to her house. They would play games using plants and vegetables. They also planted vegetables and watch them grow over the summer.
Another mother had Bible___21___on Tuesdays. She asked some questions about Bible. The kid who answered correctly got a penny, which they all turned in at the end to buy their goodie bags.
At our house on Wednesdays, I made an outdoor___22___training with my spare tires. The kids also walked a balance beam and raced through large cardboard boxes taped together.
On___23___they had arts and crafts across the street. Fridays were hosted by a wonderful single dad with a metal detector who took everyone out treasure___24___ .
The summer was a big success. Okay, it wasn’t Disney World, ___25___the kids didn’t miss anything. My son actually asked me, “Can we do this again next year ”
16. A. rejecting B. discussing C. learning D. reporting
17. A. sacrifice B. offer C. select D. afford
18. A. hope B. luck C. attitude D. hobby
19. A. come up with B. face up to C. look forward to D. step away from
20. A. teacher B. doctor C. gardener D. grocer
21 A. debates B. readings C. explanations D. contests
22. A. computer B. obstacle C. painting D. speech
23. A. Thursdays B. Saturdays C. Sundays D. Mondays
24. A. hiding B. making C. hunting D. donating
25. A. and B. so C. or D. but
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I can well remember that I was once asked to deliver a speech titled “A Real Test in My Life” before the whole class at the age of 9! You can imagine how ___26___ (terrible) shy I was with so many eyes ___27___ (fix) upon me. I had no ___28___ (choose) but to prepare for it, though. First of all, I was to draft the speech, which was just a piece of cake for me, a good writer. But the hardest part ___29___ (lie) in my oral presentation from my memory— for to read from the paper was not allowed. The real moment began ___30___ I stood on the platform with my legs trembling and my mind blank. But my listeners were waiting patiently without any signs of rushing me. Gradually I found myself back, ___31___ (deliver) my speech with difficulty. After what seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applauding— I made ___32___! From then on, my fear of talking before an audience disappeared. Actually with my ___33___ (confident) building up, I now turn out to be a great speaker. Looking back, I know the greatest difficulty on our way ___34___ success is our fear. Overcome it ____35____ we will be able to achieve our goals.
第三部分 写作技能(共2节，满分30分)
第一节 双向翻译(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。
These days, we still need to wear masks because of COVID-19 when we go to some places like hospitals and supermarkets. It becomes a rule. We use lots of masks every day. But do you know a lot of them may end up on the streets, in the parks, or even in the rivers ____36____ 这对我们的环境是有害的。
A company in Cornwall Britain came up with a good idea to solve the problem.
____37____ 他们能把用过的口罩变成有用的东西。 First, they collect used masks. Then, they remove the straps and wires. ____38____ After that, they put masks into a special machine. The masks turn into big blocks. At last, they break these blocks into small pieces and make litter pickers (捡拾器) with the pieces. ____39____ It is said that every 45 masks can make one litter picker.
Now in Cornwall, over 300 schools get these litter pickers. ____40____ Students can use them to help clean up their streets and parks. “The picker is made from masks. Now I can pick up a used mask with it. I think it’s really cool,” says a schoolgirl.
第二节 情景作文(共1小题，满分20分)
41. 假定你是李华,在学习英语过程中遇到了困难.请给English Weekly 的编辑写一封短信.要点如下:
1.自我介绍;
2.遇到的困难;
3.希望得到建议和帮助
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯;
3.答案必须写在答题卡相应的位置.
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