2022-2023学年高三上学期期末线上检测
英 语
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)略
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Who we need
We are looking for talented and passionate people to work for health. WHO is committed to achieving workforce variety, aiming to achieve a broad representation of nationals of our member countries. Particular attention is paid to candidates from developing countries and gender balance. Selection of staff is made on a competitive basis. All posts are filled in accordance with WHOs ability model.
There are two key categories of staff at WHO：professionals(P) or directors(D) who are internationally recruited(招募) and general(G) or national professional(NPO) staff who are recruited locally for both fixed or short-term positions. We also run internship(实习) and opportunities for junior professional officers(JPOs).
Internationally recruited(Por D) Professional staff and directors are hired internationally and occupy leadership functions or positions that require a significant level of technical expertise. P or D staff are mobile and are expected to work across the globe. Locally recruited(G or NPO) General Service staff are hired locally at the respective duty station. Their main role is to work with and support internationally recruited staff in their roles and to assure the smooth functioning of all administrative matters. National Professional Officers are nationals of the country in which they serve and perform functions of a professional nature requiring local knowledge, professional knowledge and experience. Internships We offer internships for current students with educational background in public health, management or administration fields.
Junior professional officer programme The Junior Professional Officer(JPO) Programme provides young professionals at an early stage in their career with practical experience in international technical co-operation. JPOs are sponsored by their respective governments. Recruitment restrictions Please note the following restrictions on recruitment： Relatives of WHO Staff: Except where another equally well qualified person cannot be recruited, appointment shall not be granted to a person who bears any of the following relationships to a staff member: father, mother, son, daughter, brother or sister. Candidates under the age of 20 and above the age of 62 will not be considered for any vacancy. Policy on Non-Recruitment of Smokers: WHO has a smoke-free environment and does not recruit smokers or other tobacco users who do not indicate a willingness to stop smoking. This policy underscores the Organization’s commitment to promoting a tobacco-free environment.
1. The above webpage aims at ________.
A. recruiting volunteers for WHO B. achieving a broad representation of nationals
C. explaining the functions of WHO D. providing information about WHO positions
2. What kind of applicants will definitely be turned down according to the restrictions
A. Males in their later 60s. B. People who have health problems.
C. Children of WHO staff. D. Candidates with a smoking history.
3. What can be learned from the webpage
A. General Service staff are recruited all around the world.
B. Junior Professional Officers work for local governments.
C. Current students majoring in engineering can apply for internships.
D Professionals and directors are an internationally mobile workforce.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是世界卫生组织的招聘信息，对招聘的几个职位进行了说明。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段第一句“We are looking for talented and passionate people to work for health.(我们正在寻找有才华、有激情的人为健康事业而工作。)”结合下文对职位的描述可知，文章旨在提供世界卫生组织的一些职位信息。故选D项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据表格“Recruitment restrictions”部分中“Candidates under the age of 20 and above the age of 62 will not be considered for any vacancy.”可知，年龄在20岁以下及62岁以上的候选人，不会被考虑担任任何职位。所以A项“60多快70岁的男性”求职者一定会被拒绝。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格“Internationally recruited(P or D)”部分中“P or D staff are mobile and are expected to work across the globe.(专业人员或董事是流动的，预计将在全球范围内工作。)”可知，专业人员和董事是一支国际化的流动劳动力队伍。故选D项。
B
You are supposed to be our future, a new chapter in the story of our lives, but I can't help being angry with you. Only a few weeks old, you're demanding and unreasoning and I'm struggling to see the good that you bring.
To start with, we got on with it, settling into a routine as we were trapped in nappies and nights when you wouldn't settle, but it started to wear me down. You hear about mothers with postnatal depression, but no one talks about the challenges a father has to face: working to put food on the table and a roof over our heads is tough when you've had only a couple of hours to sleep, and we're not supposed to need a break. Men are supposed to never cry. I hope that I can teach you a better way, my son. You're allowed to have weakness, and not keep everything locked up until it bursts.
It came to a head one night, when your mother found me in tears beside your bed. I'd never want to hurt you, but I was terrified by the thoughts I had. I'm doing the best I can for you, and I've gone and got the help I need. Your mother has been so strong, using your grandmother, uncles and friends to help keep our family together while I work through these feelings. The worst part for me is feeling that I'm failing your mother, and that I'm putting all of your needs on her. at a time when she needs help.
There's hope for the future, but it's a slow process. One day I hope you get to read this, and look at me with questioning eyes, because you can't see the man I am right now in the man I'll be in the future.
4 Who is the passage probably written for
A. A depressed new dad. B. A clever student.
C. A would-be mother. D. A newly-born baby.
5. According to the author, what made a father feel depressed
A. The challenges a father faces. B. The social problems a baby brings.
C. The money pressure a family faces. D. The way a father educates a child.
6. What is the worst part after having a baby
A. Not supporting his family. B. Making his wife disappointed.
C. Not preparing well for being a father. D. Bursting out crying beside his son's bed.
7. What can be inferred from the passage
A. The author's child is a little and clever daughter.
B. The author feels delighted about his child's coming.
C. His wife does well in looking after her family.
D. The child brings much good to the author's family.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章是一封父亲写给新生婴儿信，信中描述了父亲在孩子出生后遇到的一些挑战和对此的感受。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“You are supposed to be our future, a new chapter in the story of our lives, but I can't help being angry with you.(你本该是我们的未来，我们人生故事的新篇章，但我还是忍不住要生你的气)”以及最后一段中“One day I hope you get to read this, and look at me with questioning eyes, because you can't see the man I am right now in the man I'll be in the future.(我希望有一天你能读到这封信，用怀疑的眼神看着我，因为你无法从未来的我身上看到现在的我)”可推知，该篇文章是一位父亲写给他的新生婴儿的。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“You hear about mothers with postnatal depression, but no one talks about the challenges a father has to face: working to put food on the table and a roof over our heads is tough when you've had only a couple of hours to sleep, and we're not supposed to need a break.(你听说过有产后抑郁症的母亲，但没有人谈论一个父亲必须面对的挑战：当你只有几个小时的睡眠时间时，为了把食物放在桌子上和屋顶上而工作是很艰难的，而且我们不应该需要休息)”可知，让一个父亲感到沮丧的是一个父亲面对的挑战。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The worst part for me is feeling that I'm failing your mother, and that I'm putting all of your needs on her at a time when she needs help.(对我来说最糟糕的是我觉得自己辜负了你妈妈，而我却在她需要帮助的时候把你所有的需要都放在她身上)”可知，对作者而言，生完孩子后最糟糕的是让他的妻子失望。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Your mother has been so strong, using your grandmother, uncles and friends to help keep our family together while I work through these feelings.(你的母亲很坚强，利用你的祖母，舅舅和朋友来维系我们的家庭而我在努力克服这些情绪)”可知，作者的妻子运用亲戚和朋友的力量来维护家庭的完整。故选C。
C
One night in March, five years ago, during happy hour at a bar in my hometown, I made a surprise announcement to my friends: I was going to shut down my law practice and attempt to travel around the globe in a year. What’s more, I would do it without taking any flights or making a single advance reservation of any kind. My announcement drew mixed reactions from my friends. Some offered support and encouragement, while others were more doubtful.
Once I’d said the words, there was no turning back. It took months to shut down my law practice and get things in order. Once I set off on my adventure in October 2016, I found that travelling without using planes was not easy. Trying to circle the globe in 16 months (it took me a bit longer than the initial 12 months I planned) made it even tougher. Even so, travelling overland was the most awe-inspiring way to truly understand the immensity of our wonderful planet.
I took three consecutive overnight buses to travel 3,000 km through Argentina, from Ushuaia, the world’s southernmost city, to the capital Buenos Aires. I would look out the windows for hours on end at the completely unspoiled plains, as if humans had never touched it.
It took seven consecutive days and nights on trains to get from Moscow to Beijing, each day spent gazing out the windows for hours as the West Siberian Plain swept by. Sometimes, I wouldn’t see a village or a human being for 10 hours. Later in my journey, it took 22 days on a cargo freighter to get from New Zealand through the Panama Canal and back to Philadelphia, to finish my round-the-world adventure.
It turned out that travelling with no reservations was far less difficult than I had imagined. Pulling into a city on a bus with a backpack, looking in a guidebook for a few suggestions of accommodations, and then finding an empty room was never much of a problem anywhere. It also kept me flexible and open about all my travel plans, which is advice I give everyone who asks—plan far less than you think you should.
8. The author’s trip was special in that .
A. he made it at the expense of giving up his job B. it hardly cost him anything
C. he did not make advance booking or travel by air D. it was a global trip
9. The author most probably returned to the United States in .
A. June 2017 B. December 2018
C. October 2017 D. February 2018
10. What’s the correct order of the places that the author travelled to
①Moscow ②Philadelphia ③New Zealand ④Ushuaia ⑤Beijing ⑥Buenos
A. ⑤④①⑥③② B. ④⑥①⑤③②
C. ④⑤①⑥③② D. ⑤①⑥④③②
11. What does the author think of his around-the-world tour
A. challenging but pleasing B. dangerous but wonderful
C. boring and disappointing D. costly and painful
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲了作者在没有任何计划的前提下进行了环球旅行，结果证明毫无准备地旅行比想象的要容易得多。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“What’s more, I would do it without taking any flights or making a single advance reservation of any kind.(此外，我也不会乘坐任何航班，也不会提前预订任何种类的机票)”可知，作者旅行的特别之处是没有提前预定，也没有坐飞机。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Once I set off on my adventure in October 2016, I found that travelling without using planes was not easy. Trying to circle the globe in 16 months (it took me a bit longer than the initial 12 months I planned) made it even tougher.(当我在2016年10月开始我的冒险之旅时，我发现不使用飞机旅行并不容易。试着在16个月内绕地球一周〔这比我最初计划的12个月要长一些〕让事情变得更加困难)”由此可知，作者2016年10月出发，16个月后返回，即作者最有可能在2018年2月回到美国。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“I took three consecutive overnight buses to travel 3,000 km through Argentina, from Ushuaia, the world’s southernmost city, to the capital Buenos Aires. (我连续乘坐了三趟通宵巴士，从世界最南端的城市乌斯怀亚到首都布宜诺斯艾利斯，穿越阿根廷3000公里)”、第四段第一句“It took seven consecutive days and nights on trains to get from Moscow to Beijing (从莫斯科到北京坐了连续七天的火车)”及第四段最后一句“Later in my journey, it took 22 days on a cargo freighter to get from New Zealand through the Panama Canal and back to Philadelphia, to finish my round-the-world adventure. (在我后来的旅程中，我用了22天的时间乘坐货轮从新西兰穿过巴拿马运河回到费城，完成了我的环球冒险)”可知，作者的旅行路线是乌斯怀亚，布宜诺斯艾利斯，莫斯科，北京，新西兰，费城。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I found travelling without using planes was not easy.”可知，作者在2008年12月开始他的冒险之旅时，他发现不坐飞机旅行并不容易；结合最后一段中“It turned out that travelling with no reservations was far less difficult than had imagined. Pulling into a city on a bus with a backpack, looking in a guidebook for a few suggestions of accommodations, and then finding an empty room was never much of a problem anywhere.(没有计划的旅行远没有想象中那么困难，带着背包坐公交车进城，在旅游指南上寻找一些住宿建议，然后找到一个住处在任何地方都不是什么大问题)”可推知，作者的态度是积极的，认为虽然旅行有一定挑战性，但总体上是愉快的。故选A。
D
Hardly a day goes by without a company telling us in its beautifully crafted advertising how much it contributes to the environment on our behalf. Flowers grow out of power-station chimneys; SUVs are presented in natural habitats; oil companies use sunny, friendly logos and promise cleaner technologies- although, in fact, they fail to make enough investment in renewable or alternative energy sources. Statistics are made up, and the tiniest ecological improvements are overstated in multi-million-dollar advertising campaigns, while in the meantime the greedy side of the business continues.
This is known as greenwashing, which means “making things that are not green look green”. The phenomenon has long existed since the first Earth Day in 1970, when companies spent $300 million advertising themselves as green companies—many times more than the money they actually spent on research into pollution reduction itself. And the trend continued over the following decades when some of the planet’s worst polluters tried to pass themselves off as eco-friendly. As the public’s environmental awareness grew, so too did the experience of corporate public relations strategies, and advertisers found ever- more-creative ways to use a green curtain to hide dark motives.
Of course, some businesses are genuinely committed to making the world a better, greener place. But when a company spends more time and money claiming to be “green” than actually adopting business practices that minimize environmental impact, it is clear that, for them, environmentalism is little more than a convenient slogan(口号). Their message is “buy our products and you will end global warming, improve air quality and save the oceans”. At best, such greenwashing pushes the fact to its limits; at worst, it helps conceal deception.
And what about today s consumers Few of them are truly well-equipped to make informed decisions about what is true. Greenwashing is only possible because consumers often believe what they are being told-why else would companies do it More information and greater awareness are essential. Analysing the tricks used by advertisers should be part of every school curriculum. Non- governmental organisations can spread the word. Consumer groups can punish the greenwashing companies. But it is not enough. Legally enforceable systems must be put in place.
So what is already being done about planned attempts to pull the wool over consumers’ eyes In the United States, the Federal Trade Commission is taking action against misleading advertising claims. France has published Green Claims Guidance, stressing that “an advertisement must avoid conveying a message contrary to the accepted principles of sustainable development”. All of these surely are the heart of the matter: the true impact of advertising is the promotion of unsustainable lifestyles. And therein lies the real danger to our planet, a danger which cannot be ignored any longer.
12. What can we learn about greenwashing
A. It is an ecological concept.
B. It is a marketing technique.
C. It is an awareness campaign.
D. It is an advertising innovation.
13. What does the underlined phrase “conceal deception” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Hide the truth. B. Raise the risk.
C. Expose the weakness. D. Break the limit.
14. What can be inferred about most consumers
A. They are lacking in legal knowledge.
B. They have encouraged greenwashing.
C. They may question consumer groups.
D. They tend to make sensible decisions.
15. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Actions to fight false advertising.
B. Ways to protect customers’ interest.
C. Attempts to solve environmental problems.
D. Proposals to ensure sustainable development.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了现在社会中不光有企业致力于让世界变得更美好、更环保，也有一些公司夸大效果、编造数据，试图用环保理念掩盖其黑暗的动机。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Hardly a day goes by without a company telling us in its beautifully crafted advertising how much it contributes to the environment on our behalf. Flowers grow out of power-station chimneys; SUVs are presented in natural habitats; oil companies use sunny, friendly logos and promise cleaner technologies- although, in fact, they fail to make enough investment in renewable or alternative energy sources.(几乎每天都有公司在精心制作的广告中告诉我们，他们为我们的环境做出了多大的贡献。发电厂的烟囱里会长出花朵；SUV出现在自然栖息地；石油公司使用阳光、友好的标志，并承诺使用更清洁的技术——尽管事实上，他们没有在可再生能源或替代能源上投入足够的资金。)”中，作者举例说明现状，即很多高污染公司会利用广告试图向外界表达自己绿色、环保的生产经营理念，而实际上却并没有真正做到环保。由此可以推测出，所以对于这些公司来说，假装自己环保只是一种打广告的营销手段。故选B项。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“At best, such greenwashing pushes the fact to its limits; at worst, it helps conceal deception.(充其量，这种“洗绿”将事实推到了极限；在最坏的情况下，它有助于掩盖欺骗。)”，分析句子成分可知，it指的是上文提到的greenwashing这个现象；上文“Their message is “buy our products and you will end global warming, improve air quality and save the oceans”.(他们传递的信息是“购买我们的产品，你就能结束全球变暖，改善空气质量，拯救海洋”。)”中，作者再次举例说明一些公司“声称”自己是环保企业，宣传虚假信息，欺骗消费者，而购买这些产品并不能结束全球变暖、改善空气质量，这些企业只不过是想利益最大化，吸引更多的顾客以谋取更多的利益；所以“洗绿”这件事情能够帮助这些企业隐藏他们的真实想法，即隐瞒真相。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段第二句“Few of them are truly well-equipped to make informed decisions about what is true.(他们中很少有人能真正有准备地对真相做出明智的判断和决定。)”可知，他们很少有人做出明智的判断，是否具有法知识无法推断。故D选项：They tend to make sensible decisions.(他们倾向于做出明智的决定。)错误；A选项：They are lacking in legal knowledge.（他们缺乏法律知识。）错误。根据“Consumer groups can punish the greenwashing companies.（消费者团体可以惩罚环保公司。）可知，消费者团体是支持真正的环保的。文中无法推断出大部分消费者质疑消费者团体”故C选项错误。根据“Greenwashing is only possible because consumers often believe what they are being told-why else would companies do it （漂绿之所以成为可能，是因为消费者经常相信别人告诉他们的，否则公司为什么会这样做？）”可知，消费者相信广告公司的漂绿行为，助长了公司的虚假环保的行为。故B选项：They have encouraged greenwashing.（他们已经鼓励了漂绿行为）正确。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“All of these surely are the heart of the matter: the true impact of advertising is the promotion of unsustainable lifestyles. And therein lies the real danger to our planet, a danger which cannot be ignored any longer.(所有这些肯定都是问题的核心：广告的真正影响是推广不可持续的生活方式。这就是我们星球面临的真正危险，一种不能再被忽视的危险。)”可知，本段讲的是虚假广告会引发民众不可持续的生活方式和地球的不可持续发展，所以为了解决这一核心问题，需要采取行动打击虚假广告。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
You want to start doing exercise Congratulations! You have just taken your first step towards a new and improved you. But how to make it Here are some helpful tips for you.
Understand the benefits of exercise. ____16____ But what exactly are its health benefits To start with, physical activity increases the efficiency (效率) of your heart and lungs. During exercise, your heart and lungs must work harder. Besides, exercise is good for your mental health. Working out can help you reduce stress and get over bad feelings.
____17____ When you are planning, the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility, which involves aerobic (有氧的) activities, strength training, and flexibility training. Choose activities you enjoy. ____18____
Eat and drink right. To help your muscles recover and repair themselves after exercise, you need to eat foods rich in protein (蛋白质). When to eat is also of great importance. Generally speaking, you should have your meal an average of 1.5 to 2.5 hours before exercising. Do not eat immediately after exercise. ____19____ Remember to drink throughout exercise to make up for water lost to sweat.
Avoid injury. To prevent soft tissue (组织) injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising. You should also start small and slowly work your way to longer and harder exercise to avoid getting hurt. ____20____
So, now you know the benefits of exercise and how to do it safely and effectively. What are you waiting for
A. Make a plan for your exercise.
B. Exercise for your physical health.
C. Instead, wait at least 30 minutes afterwards.
D. Finally, remember to warm up before exercising.
E. In this way, you’re more likely to stick with them.
F. Therefore, don’t have too much water before exercise.
G. Most people think that regular exercise does wonders for the body and mind.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. C 20. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了锻炼的好处以及几种有效合理的锻炼方法，让读者可以通过阅读这篇文章后，选择和计划安全，有效的锻炼方式。
【16题详解】
根据下文“But what exactly are its health benefits To start with, physical activity increases the efficiency (效率) of your heart and lungs. During exercise, your heart and lungs must work harder. Besides, exercise is good for your mental health. Working out can help you reduce stress and get over bad feelings.(但是它到底有什么健康益处呢 首先，体育活动可以提高你的心肺的效率。在运动中，你的心肺必须更努力地工作。此外，锻炼对你的心理健康有好处。锻炼可以帮助你减轻压力，克服不良情绪)”可知，锻炼可以给身心都带来好处，由此可知G项“大多数人认为有规律的锻炼对身心有神奇的作用。”符合文意，适合填入空处，引出下文内容，故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据下一句“When you are planning, the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility, which involves aerobic (有氧的) activities, strength training, and flexibility training. (当你做计划时，首先要考虑的是你期望提高什么:心肺效率、肌肉力量或柔韧性，其中包括有氧运动、力量训练和柔韧性训练)”可知，本段内容介绍的是锻炼计划，空处位于段首，应概括锻炼内容，A项“为你的锻炼制定一个计划。”符合文意，故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据上一句“Choose activities you enjoy.(选择你喜欢的活动)”可知，在做计划的时候选择喜欢的活动，可以让你更容易坚持下去，E项“这样，你就更有可能坚持下去。”符合文意，故选E项。
19题详解】
根据前文“Generally speaking, you should have your meal an average of 1.5 to 2.5 hours before exercising. Do not eat immediately after exercise. (一般来说，你应该在运动前平均1.5到2.5小时进餐。运动后不要立即进食)”可知，此处建议锻炼时应注意饮食的时间，并且提出不要运动后立刻进食，下文应提出合适的进食时间，C项“相反，至少要等30分钟。”符合文意，故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据段落主题“Avoid injury.(避免受伤)”和前文内容“To prevent soft tissue (组织) injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising. You should also start small and slowly work your way to longer and harder exercise to avoid getting hurt. (为防止软组织受伤，请确保在运动时穿合适衣服和装备。为了避免受伤，你也应该从小的锻炼开始，慢慢地进行更长、更艰苦的锻炼)”可知，本段提出锻炼时应避免受伤，D项内容“Finally, remember to warm up before exercising.(最后，记得在运动前热身)”也属于避免受伤的方式，符合文意，故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I played a racquetball game against my cousin Ed last week. It was one of the most_____21_____and tiring games I've ever had. When Ed first phoned and_____22_____we play, I laughed quietly, figuring on an_____23_____victory. After all, Ed's idea of ____24____has always been nothing more____25____than lifting a fork to his mouth. As far as I can remember, Ed's been the least physically fit member in the family, and ____26____proud of himself. His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although the family often_____27_____about that，Ed refused to buy a larger T-shirt or to lose weight. So when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly____28____, I was so surprised that I was____29____. My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape. _____30_____, at the point in our game when I'd have predicted the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was ______31______7 to 9—and Ed was _____32_____. The sudden realization was painful. We continued to play like two mad men. When the score was 16 up, I was having serious_______33_______about staying alive until 21 years old, let alone_______34_______that many points. When the game finally ended, both of us were lying flat on our backs, too tired to move . In a way, I think we both won: I the game, but cousin Ed my _____35_____.
21. A. encouraging B. hopeless C. surprising D. regular
22. A. declared B. mentioned C. persuaded D. suggested
23. A. unforgettable B. unexpected C. easy D. early
24. A. exercise B. preparation C. joy D. fitness
25. A. time-saving B. comfortable C. suitable D. effort-making
26. A. strangely B. personally C. reasonably D. eagerly
27. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked
28. A. notice B. admire C. believe D. measure
29. A. nervous B. curious C. careless D. speechless
30. A. After all B. As a result C. Above all D. At last
31. A. mistakenly B. then C. instead D. naturally
32. A. leading B. coming C. waiting D. counting
33. A. thoughts B. doubts C. situations D. problems
34. A. scoring B. completing C. receiving D. keeping
35. A. friendship B. respect C. support D. favor
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与曾经很胖的表弟Ed打的一场让作者出乎意料的比赛，最后作者赢得了比赛，而表弟Ed却赢得了作者的尊重。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我打过的最令人惊讶也最累人的比赛之一。A. encouraging鼓舞人心的；B. hopeless绝望的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. regular定期的。根据下文中的“___10___, at the point in our game when I'd have predicted the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was ____11____7 to 9—and Ed was ___12___.”可知，这场作者认为很轻松赢下的比赛并不容易，所以这场比赛令作者惊讶。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Ed第一次打来电话，建议我们一起玩时，我默默地笑了，想着我们会轻松取胜。A. declared宣布；B. mentioned提到；C. persuaded说服；D. suggested建议。根据下文中的“we play”可知，该句子使用了省去should的谓语动词形式，由此可知，主句中的动词表“建议”。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Ed第一次打来电话，建议我们一起玩时，我默默地笑了，想着我们会轻松取胜。A. unforgettable难忘的；B. unexpected出乎意料的；C. easy容易的；D. early早的。根据上文中的“I laughed quietly”可知，作者听到表弟要比赛而偷笑，说明作者觉得会是“容易”获胜的比赛。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，Ed对锻炼想法一直都不像把叉子举到嘴边那么容易（让Ed锻炼比吃饭时把叉子举到嘴边都费力）。A. exercise锻炼；B. preparation准备；C. joy快乐；D. fitness健康。根据下文中的“As far as I can remember, Ed's been the least physically fit member in the family...”可知，Ed是家中身体最不健康的，由此可推断，Ed不喜欢锻炼。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，Ed对锻炼的想法一直都不像把叉子举到嘴边那么容易（让Ed锻炼比吃饭时把叉子举到嘴边都费力）。A. time-saving节省时间的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. suitable适合的；D. effort-making费力的。根据空前的“nothing more”以及空后的“than lifting a fork to his mouth.”可知，让Ed有锻炼的想法来说是很难的。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我的记忆中，Ed是家里身体最不健康的人，奇怪地是他对自己很自豪。A. strangely奇怪地；B. personally亲自地；C. reasonably合理地；D. eagerly渴望地。根据空前“As far as I can remember, Ed's been the least physically fit member in the family...”可知，Ed的身体不是很好，下文“proud of himself”说明作者觉得这是很奇怪的。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管家人经常拿这件事开玩笑，但Ed拒绝买大一点的T恤，也拒绝减肥。A. cared关心；B. forgot忘记；C. quarreled争吵；D. joked开玩笑。根据上文中的“His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers.”可知，Ed很胖，所以家人经常就此开玩笑。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，当Ed来参加我们的比赛时，他不仅把衬衫的下摆塞进裤子里，而且还有一个你几乎看不见的肚子，我惊讶得说不出话来。A. notice注意到；B. admire欣赏；C. believe相信；D. measure测量。根据上文中的“So when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach.”可知，此处主要描述的是作者注意到Ed的身体变化，他的衣服扎在裤子里几乎注意不到他的肚子。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当Ed来参加我们的比赛时，他不仅把衬衫的下摆塞进裤子里，而且还有一个你几乎看不见的肚子，我惊讶得说不出话来。A. nervous紧张的；B. curious好奇的；C. careless粗心的；D. speechless无语的。根据上文中的“I was so surprised”以及作者注意到Ed的体型变化惊到“无语”。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：结果，在我们的比赛中，当我预测比分会是9比1时，比分却变成了7比9，Ed领先。A. After all毕竟；B. As a result结果；C. Above all更重要的是；D. At last最后。根据上文中的“My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape.”与下文中的“at the point in our game when I'd have predicted the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor...”为因果关系，也就是Ed的努力减肥才有了比分上不落后甚至领先的结果。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果，在我们的比赛中，当我预测比分会是9比1时，比分却变成了7比9，Ed领先。A. mistakenly错误地；B. then然后；C. instead反而；D. naturally自然地。根据上文中的“when I'd have predicted the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor”可知，作者以为会9比1，而下文中的结果是7比9，所以此处为转折关系。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果，在我们的比赛中，当我预测比分会是9比1时，比分却变成了7比9，Ed领先。A. leading引导，领先；B. coming到来；C. waiting等待；D. counting计数。根据下文中的“The sudden realization was painful.”可知，比赛结果不是作者想的那样自己领先，而是Ed领先。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当分数上升到16分时，我对能否活到21岁产生了严重的怀疑，更不用说拿到那么多分了。A. thoughts想法；B. doubts怀疑；C. situations形势；D. problems问题。根据上文的比分，让作者对自己能否活到21岁都产生了怀疑(自嘲的说法)。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当分数上升到16分时，我对能否活到21岁产生了严重的怀疑，更不用说拿到那么多分了。A. scoring得分；B. completing完成；C. receiving收到；D. keeping维持。根据上文中的“When the score was 16 up, I was having serious_____13_____about staying alive until 21 years old”以及“let alone”可知，作都都能怀疑自己能否活到了21岁，更不用说得那些分数啦，以此进一步阐明作都对Ed的变化感到惊讶。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在某种程度上，我认为我们都赢了:我赢得了比赛，但表弟Ed赢得了我的尊重。A. friendship友谊；B. respect尊敬；C. support支持；D. favor恩惠，帮助。根据上文中的“In a way, I think we both won: I the game, but cousin Ed...”及作者看到Ed的变化以及比赛结果感到惊讶可以看出，作者从一开始对Ed的蔑视变为比赛后对Ed的尊重。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese astronauts aboard the country’s Tiangong space station____36____(open) a science lecture on Thursday afternoon as they traveled with the gigantic spacecraft(巨大的宇宙飞船) orbiting the Earth at____37____altitude(海拔) of about 400 kilometers. Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu greeted students, teachers and other participants as the lecture began at 3:40 pm. They then showed viewers____38____they live and work inside the space station.
The astronauts carried____39____experiments to display____40____(interest) physical phenomena in space. Before the end of the live streaming activity, they answered____41____(question) from students.
Millions of primary and middle school students across China watched the 60-minute televised event____42____(host) by the China Manned Space Agency, the Ministry of Education and other government departments.
More lectures will be held based____43____the country’s manned spaceflights____44____will also be presented by Chinese astronauts, the manned space agency said,____45____(add) that such activities are intended to spread knowledge about manned spaceflights and spark(引起) enthusiasm for science among young people.
【答案】36. opened 37. an
38. how 39. out
40. interesting
41. questions
42. hosted 43. on
44. and 45. adding
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，文章介绍了神舟十三号中国宇航员翟志刚、王亚平、叶光福在天宫空间站为数百万学生进行科学讲座的事情。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：周四下午，中国天宫空间站上的宇航员在距离地面约400公里的高度乘坐巨大的宇宙飞船飞行时，举行了一场科学讲座。分析句子可知，空处缺少动词作谓语，根据on Thursday afternoon可知，进行讲座的时间发生在过去，用一般过去时，用动词过去式opened。故填：opened。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处缺少冠词限定altitude，at an altitude of表示“在海拔为……的地方”，固定短语，altitude以元音音素开始发音，不定冠词用an。故填：an。
【38题详解】
考查宾语从句连接词。句意：然后，他们向观众展示了他们如何在空间站内生活和工作。分析句意可知，宇航员们向观众们讲解了他们在空间站生活和工作的方式，横线缺少连接词引导宾语从句，从句不缺少主要成分，空处表示“如何”，用how。故填：how。
【39题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：宇航员们进行实验以展示太空中有趣的物理现象。carry out“执行、实行”，可以搭配experiments，表示“做实验”，符合语境。故填：out。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。空处修饰physical phenomena，用形容词作定语，表示“有趣的物理现象”用以ing结尾的形容词interesting。故填：interesting。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：在直播活动结束前，他们回答了同学们的提问。分析句子可知，空处作动词answered的宾语，且问题不止一个，用名词复数。故填：questions。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：全国数百万中小学生观看了由中国载人航天机构、教育部和其他政府部门主办的60分钟的电视节目。分析句子可知，空处修饰event作后置定语，host与event构成逻辑上的动宾关系，此处表示被动，用过去分词。故填：hosted。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：载人航天机构表示，更多的讲座将以我国载人航天为基础，也将由中国宇航员提供，并补充说，这些活动旨在传播载人航天知识，激发年轻人对科学的热情。be based on“以……为基础”，为固定短语。故填：on。
【44题详解】
考查并列连词。句意同上。根据前文will be held及空后will also be presented可知，空处缺少并列连词连接两个句子，用and。故填：and。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处及后面的内容为载人航天机构补充的内容，放在逗号后面，作句子的状语，the manned space agency与add构成逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词。故填：adding。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，寒假时你们全班参观了湖南省博物院。请你为校英文报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括：
1. 参加人员、时间；
2. 活动内容；
3. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Visit to Hunan Museum
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 A Visit to Hunan Museum
During the winter holiday, our class visited the Hunan Museum.
We gathered at the school gate at 9 a.m., and then took a bus to the museum, where we saw a rich collection of cultural relics, with Ma Wangdui Han tomb relics, Shang and Zhou bronzes, Chu relics, ceramics, paintings and calligraphy, modern cultural relics and so on. We surely visited the body of Mrs. Xinzhui. After more than two thousand years, the body had not decomposed, which surprised us all. We were all amazed at the ancient objects displayed in the museum and deeply impressed by the vivid description.
The visit was a great success. Not only did it help us learn more about China, but it also helped broaden our horizons.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道。要求考生写一篇新闻报道，报道寒假时全班参观湖南省博物院的活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
假期：vacation→holiday
展览：show→display
描述：account→description
帮助：assist→help
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The visit was a great success.
拓展句：The visit was a great success, which we will never forget.
【点睛】【高分句型1】We gathered at the school gate at 9 a.m., and then took a bus to the museum, where we saw a rich collection of cultural relics, with Ma Wangdui Han tomb relics, Shang and Zhou bronzes, Chu relics, ceramics, paintings and calligraphy, modern cultural relics and so on. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】After more than two thousand years, the body had not decomposed, which surprised us all. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Mike was an 11-year-old boy. He was the only son to his parents. His father was a carpenter and his mother was a housewife. Although they weren't rich, they led a happy life.
Mike’s school was located a mile away from his home. Mike’s birthday was coming in a week. He requested his father to buy him a bicycle so that he could go to school by bicycle. His father also promised to buy him a bicycle so that he needn't walk to school anymore. Mike felt so happy.
The birthday boy woke up happily with his parents wishing him with all smiles. He was glad and expected that his father would gift him a bicycle. His father gave him a nicely-wrapped gift. Mike opened it and saw a set of books. Although he was a little unhappy as he did not receive a bicycle, he thanked his father. Mike’s father was depressed as he did not have enough money to buy Mike a bicycle. He promised to his son that he would buy him a bicycle soon.
After a week, when Mike was walking on his way to his home back from school, he saw a boy riding a bicycle. Mike felt that the bicycle was too small for the big boy. Suddenly, the boy crashed into a post around the corner and skidded (滑行) in the street. Mike rushed to him and recognized that the boy was his schoolmate, Sam.
注意：
1、所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2、续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1
Sam was injured badly and there was no one nearby to help him except Mike.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
Sam and his parents thanked Mike for the timely help.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Sam was injured badly and there was no one nearby to help him except Mike. Mike helped him stand up, examined his body and picked up his bicycle. Sam’s left leg and hands were severely injured. Mike asked Sam to sit in a corner and then he took the bicycle to get help. Ten minutes later, an ambulance came and took Sam to hospital. Mike rushed to Sam’s home and told his parents about the accident. (61 words)
Sam and his parents thanked Mike for the timely help. Mike told Sam’s parents that the bicycle was too small for Sam to ride and that was why he was injured. Sam and Mike became close friends soon. Mike visited Sam every day in hospital until he left hospital. Sam got a new bicycle and he came to know that Mike didn't have his own bicycle. He gave his old bicycle to Mike and with Mike's parents' permission, Mike accepted the gift from Sam.(74 words)
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Mike家庭并不富有，但过着幸福的生活。Mike的生日要到了，他希望父亲给他买一辆自行车，父亲也答应给他买。生日当天，Mike收到精美的礼物，但不是自行车，而是一套书，因为父亲没有足够的钱买自行车。一个星期后，Mike放学回家，看到一个男孩骑着自行车撞到一根柱子上。Mike冲过去，发现是自己的同学Sam。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Sam受了重伤，除了迈克，附近没有人帮助他。”可知，第一段可描写Mike帮助Sam的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“Sam和他的父母感谢Mike的及时帮助。”可知，第二段可描写Sam与Mike成为好朋友，最终把自己的旧自行车赠与Mike。
2.续写线索：帮助——送医院——告知Sam父母——看望——赠与——接受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.帮助：help sb. do sth./assist sb. in doing sth./ come (go) to one’s aid / aid sb. to do sth/aid sb. in doing sth.
②.急忙到Sam家：rush to Sam’s home / hurry to Sam’s home/ run to Sam’s home fast
③.允许：with one’s permission / get permission from / with one’s approval
情绪类
感谢：thank / be thankful for/appreciate/ be grateful to
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Mike asked Sam to sit in a corner and then he took the bicycle to get help. 这句话运用了不定式to作目的状语。
[高分句型2]. Mike told Sam’s parents that the bicycle was too small for Sam to ride and that was why he was injured.这句话运用了too … to …结构、that引导的宾语从句和why引导的表语从句。2022-2023学年高三上学期期末线上检测
英 语
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)略
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Who we need
We are looking for talented and passionate people to work for health. WHO is committed to achieving workforce variety, aiming to achieve a broad representation of nationals of our member countries. Particular attention is paid to candidates from developing countries and gender balance. Selection of staff is made on a competitive basis. All posts are filled in accordance with WHOs ability model.
There are two key categories of staff at WHO：professionals(P) or directors(D) who are internationally recruited(招募) and general(G) or national professional(NPO) staff who are recruited locally for both fixed or short-term positions. We also run internship(实习) and opportunities for junior professional officers(JPOs).
Internationally recruited(Por D) Professional staff and directors are hired internationally and occupy leadership functions or positions that require a significant level of technical expertise. P or D staff are mobile and are expected to work across the globe. Locally recruited(G or NPO) General Service staff are hired locally at the respective duty station Their main role is to work with and support internationally recruited staff in their roles and to assure the smooth functioning of all administrative matters. National Professional Officers are nationals of the country in which they serve and perform functions of a professional nature requiring local knowledge, professional knowledge and experience. Internships We offer internships for current students with educational background in public health, management or administration fields.
Junior professional officer programme The Junior Professional Officer(JPO) Programme provides young professionals at an early stage in their career with practical experience in international technical co-operation. JPOs are sponsored by their respective governments. Recruitment restrictions Please note the following restrictions on recruitment： Relatives of WHO Staff: Except where another equally well qualified person cannot be recruited, appointment shall not be granted to a person who bears any of the following relationships to a staff member: father, mother, son, daughter, brother or sister. Candidates under the age of 20 and above the age of 62 will not be considered for any vacancy. Policy on Non-Recruitment of Smokers: WHO has a smoke-free environment and does not recruit smokers or other tobacco users who do not indicate a willingness to stop smoking. This policy underscores the Organization’s commitment to promoting a tobacco-free environment.
1. The above webpage aims at ________.
A. recruiting volunteers for WHO B. achieving a broad representation of nationals
C. explaining the functions of WHO D. providing information about WHO positions
2. What kind of applicants will definitely be turned down according to the restrictions
A. Males in their later 60s. B. People who have health problems.
C. Children of WHO staff. D. Candidates with a smoking history.
3. What can be learned from the webpage
A. General Service staff are recruited all around the world.
B. Junior Professional Officers work for local governments.
C. Current students majoring in engineering can apply for internships.
D. Professionals and directors are an internationally mobile workforce.
B
You are supposed to be our future, a new chapter in the story of our lives, but I can't help being angry with you. Only a few weeks old, you're demanding and unreasoning and I'm struggling to see the good that you bring.
To start with, we got on with it, settling into a routine as we were trapped in nappies and nights when you wouldn't settle, but it started to wear me down. You hear about mothers with postnatal depression, but no one talks about the challenges a father has to face: working to put food on the table and a roof over our heads is tough when you've had only a couple of hours to sleep, and we're not supposed to need a break. Men are supposed to never cry. I hope that I can teach you a better way, my son. You're allowed to have weakness, and not keep everything locked up until it bursts.
It came to a head one night, when your mother found me in tears beside your bed. I'd never want to hurt you, but I was terrified by the thoughts I had. I'm doing the best I can for you, and I've gone and got the help I need. Your mother has been so strong, using your grandmother, uncles and friends to help keep our family together while I work through these feelings. The worst part for me is feeling that I'm failing your mother, and that I'm putting all of your needs on her. at a time when she needs help.
There's hope for the future, but it's a slow process. One day I hope you get to read this, and look at me with questioning eyes, because you can't see the man I am right now in the man I'll be in the future.
4. Who is the passage probably written for
A. A depressed new dad. B. A clever student.
C. A would-be mother. D. A newly-born baby.
5. According to the author, what made a father feel depressed
A. The challenges a father faces. B. The social problems a baby brings.
C. The money pressure a family faces. D. The way a father educates a child.
6. What is the worst part after having a baby
A. Not supporting his family. B. Making his wife disappointed.
C Not preparing well for being a father. D. Bursting out crying beside his son's bed.
7. What can be inferred from the passage
A. The author's child is a little and clever daughter.
B. The author feels delighted about his child's coming.
C. His wife does well in looking after her family.
D. The child brings much good to the author's family.
C
One night in March, five years ago, during happy hour at a bar in my hometown, I made a surprise announcement to my friends: I was going to shut down my law practice and attempt to travel around the globe in a year. What’s more, I would do it without taking any flights or making a single advance reservation of any kind. My announcement drew mixed reactions from my friends. Some offered support and encouragement, while others were more doubtful.
Once I’d said the words, there was no turning back. It took months to shut down my law practice and get things in order. Once I set off on my adventure in October 2016, I found that travelling without using planes was not easy. Trying to circle the globe in 16 months (it took me a bit longer than the initial 12 months I planned) made it even tougher. Even so, travelling overland was the most awe-inspiring way to truly understand the immensity of our wonderful planet.
I took three consecutive overnight buses to travel 3,000 km through Argentina, from Ushuaia, the world’s southernmost city, to the capital Buenos Aires. I would look out the windows for hours on end at the completely unspoiled plains, as if humans had never touched it.
It took seven consecutive days and nights on trains to get from Moscow to Beijing, each day spent gazing out the windows for hours as the West Siberian Plain swept by. Sometimes, I wouldn’t see a village or a human being for 10 hours. Later in my journey, it took 22 days on a cargo freighter to get from New Zealand through the Panama Canal and back to Philadelphia, to finish my round-the-world adventure.
It turned out that travelling with no reservations was far less difficult than I had imagined. Pulling into a city on a bus with a backpack, looking in a guidebook for a few suggestions of accommodations, and then finding an empty room was never much of a problem anywhere. It also kept me flexible and open about all my travel plans, which is advice I give everyone who asks—plan far less than you think you should.
8. The author’s trip was special in that .
A he made it at the expense of giving up his job B. it hardly cost him anything
C. he did not make advance booking or travel by air D. it was a global trip
9. The author most probably returned to the United States in .
A. June 2017 B. December 2018
C. October 2017 D. February 2018
10. What’s the correct order of the places that the author travelled to
①Moscow ②Philadelphia ③New Zealand ④Ushuaia ⑤Beijing ⑥Buenos
A. ⑤④①⑥③② B. ④⑥①⑤③②
C. ④⑤①⑥③② D. ⑤①⑥④③②
11. What does the author think of his around-the-world tour
A. challenging but pleasing B. dangerous but wonderful
C. boring and disappointing D. costly and painful
D
Hardly a day goes by without a company telling us in its beautifully crafted advertising how much it contributes to the environment on our behalf. Flowers grow out of power-station chimneys; SUVs are presented in natural habitats; oil companies use sunny, friendly logos and promise cleaner technologies- although, in fact, they fail to make enough investment in renewable or alternative energy sources. Statistics are made up, and the tiniest ecological improvements are overstated in multi-million-dollar advertising campaigns, while in the meantime the greedy side of the business continues.
This is known as greenwashing, which means “making things that are not green look green”. The phenomenon has long existed since the first Earth Day in 1970, when companies spent $300 million advertising themselves as green companies—many times more than the money they actually spent on research into pollution reduction itself. And the trend continued over the following decades when some of the planet’s worst polluters tried to pass themselves off as eco-friendly. As the public’s environmental awareness grew, so too did the experience of corporate public relations strategies, and advertisers found ever- more-creative ways to use a green curtain to hide dark motives.
Of course, some businesses are genuinely committed to making the world a better, greener place. But when a company spends more time and money claiming to be “green” than actually adopting business practices that minimize environmental impact, it is clear that, for them, environmentalism is little more than a convenient slogan(口号). Their message is “buy our products and you will end global warming, improve air quality and save the oceans”. At best, such greenwashing pushes the fact to its limits; at worst, it helps conceal deception.
And what about today s consumers Few of them are truly well-equipped to make informed decisions about what is true. Greenwashing is only possible because consumers often believe what they are being told-why else would companies do it More information and greater awareness are essential. Analysing the tricks used by advertisers should be part of every school curriculum. Non- governmental organisations can spread the word. Consumer groups can punish the greenwashing companies. But it is not enough. Legally enforceable systems must be put in place.
So what is already being done about planned attempts to pull the wool over consumers’ eyes In the United States, the Federal Trade Commission is taking action against misleading advertising claims. France has published Green Claims Guidance, stressing that “an advertisement must avoid conveying a message contrary to the accepted principles of sustainable development”. All of these surely are the heart of the matter: the true impact of advertising is the promotion of unsustainable lifestyles. And therein lies the real danger to our planet, a danger which cannot be ignored any longer.
12. What can we learn about greenwashing
A It is an ecological concept.
B. It is a marketing technique.
C. It is an awareness campaign.
D. It is an advertising innovation.
13. What does the underlined phrase “conceal deception” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Hide the truth. B. Raise the risk.
C. Expose the weakness. D. Break the limit.
14. What can be inferred about most consumers
A. They are lacking in legal knowledge.
B. They have encouraged greenwashing.
C. They may question consumer groups.
D. They tend to make sensible decisions.
15. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Actions to fight false advertising.
B. Ways to protect customers’ interest.
C. Attempts to solve environmental problems.
D. Proposals to ensure sustainable development.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
You want to start doing exercise Congratulations! You have just taken your first step towards a new and improved you. But how to make it Here are some helpful tips for you.
Understand the benefits of exercise. ____16____ But what exactly are its health benefits To start with, physical activity increases the efficiency (效率) of your heart and lungs. During exercise, your heart and lungs must work harder. Besides, exercise is good for your mental health. Working out can help you reduce stress and get over bad feelings.
____17____ When you are planning, the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility, which involves aerobic (有氧的) activities, strength training, and flexibility training. Choose activities you enjoy. ____18____
Eat and drink right. To help your muscles recover and repair themselves after exercise, you need to eat foods rich in protein (蛋白质). When to eat is also of great importance. Generally speaking, you should have your meal an average of 1.5 to 2.5 hours before exercising. Do not eat immediately after exercise. ____19____ Remember to drink throughout exercise to make up for water lost to sweat.
Avoid injury. To prevent soft tissue (组织) injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising. You should also start small and slowly work your way to longer and harder exercise to avoid getting hurt. ____20____
So, now you know the benefits of exercise and how to do it safely and effectively. What are you waiting for
A. Make a plan for your exercise.
B. Exercise for your physical health.
C. Instead, wait at least 30 minutes afterwards.
D. Finally, remember to warm up before exercising.
E. In this way, you’re more likely to stick with them.
F. Therefore, don’t have too much water before exercise.
G. Most people think that regular exercise does wonders for the body and mind.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I played a racquetball game against my cousin Ed last week. It was one of the most_____21_____and tiring games I've ever had. When Ed first phoned and_____22_____we play, I laughed quietly, figuring on an_____23_____victory. After all, Ed's idea of ____24____has always been nothing more____25____than lifting a fork to his mouth. As far as I can remember, Ed's been the least physically fit member in the family, and ____26____proud of himself. His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although the family often_____27_____about that，Ed refused to buy a larger T-shirt or to lose weight. So when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly____28____, I was so surprised that I was____29____. My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape. _____30_____, at the point in our game when I'd have predicted the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was ______31______7 to 9—and Ed was _____32_____. The sudden realization was painful. We continued to play like two mad men. When the score was 16 up, I was having serious_______33_______about staying alive until 21 years old, let alone_______34_______that many points. When the game finally ended, both of us were lying flat on our backs, too tired to move . In a way, I think we both won: I the game, but cousin Ed my _____35_____.
21. A. encouraging B. hopeless C. surprising D. regular
22. A. declared B. mentioned C. persuaded D. suggested
23. A. unforgettable B. unexpected C. easy D. early
24. A. exercise B. preparation C. joy D. fitness
25 A. time-saving B. comfortable C. suitable D. effort-making
26. A. strangely B. personally C. reasonably D. eagerly
27. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked
28. A. notice B. admire C. believe D. measure
29. A. nervous B. curious C. careless D. speechless
30. A. After all B. As a result C. Above all D. At last
31. A. mistakenly B. then C. instead D. naturally
32. A. leading B. coming C. waiting D. counting
33. A. thoughts B. doubts C. situations D. problems
34. A. scoring B. completing C. receiving D. keeping
35. A. friendship B. respect C. support D. favor
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese astronauts aboard the country’s Tiangong space station____36____(open) a science lecture on Thursday afternoon as they traveled with the gigantic spacecraft(巨大的宇宙飞船) orbiting the Earth at____37____altitude(海拔) of about 400 kilometers. Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu greeted students, teachers and other participants as the lecture began at 3:40 pm. They then showed viewers____38____they live and work inside the space station.
The astronauts carried____39____experiments to display____40____(interest) physical phenomena in space. Before the end of the live streaming activity, they answered____41____(question) from students.
Millions of primary and middle school students across China watched the 60-minute televised event____42____(host) by the China Manned Space Agency, the Ministry of Education and other government departments.
More lectures will be held based____43____the country’s manned spaceflights____44____will also be presented by Chinese astronauts, the manned space agency said,____45____(add) that such activities are intended to spread knowledge about manned spaceflights and spark(引起) enthusiasm for science among young people.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，寒假时你们全班参观了湖南省博物院。请你为校英文报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括：
1. 参加人员、时间；
2. 活动内容；
3. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Visit to Hunan Museum
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Mike was an 11-year-old boy. He was the only son to his parents. His father was a carpenter and his mother was a housewife. Although they weren't rich, they led a happy life.
Mike’s school was located a mile away from his home. Mike’s birthday was coming in a week. He requested his father to buy him a bicycle so that he could go to school by bicycle. His father also promised to buy him a bicycle so that he needn't walk to school anymore. Mike felt so happy.
The birthday boy woke up happily with his parents wishing him with all smiles. He was glad and expected that his father would gift him a bicycle. His father gave him a nicely-wrapped gift. Mike opened it and saw a set of books. Although he was a little unhappy as he did not receive a bicycle, he thanked his father. Mike’s father was depressed as he did not have enough money to buy Mike a bicycle. He promised to his son that he would buy him a bicycle soon.
After a week, when Mike was walking on his way to his home back from school, he saw a boy riding a bicycle. Mike felt that the bicycle was too small for the big boy. Suddenly, the boy crashed into a post around the corner and skidded (滑行) in the street. Mike rushed to him and recognized that the boy was his schoolmate, Sam.
注意：
1、所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2、续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1
Sam was injured badly and there was no one nearby to help him except Mike.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
Sam and his parents thanked Mike for the timely help.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
