2023年湖南省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟试卷(长郡版)
英语
本试题卷分为阅读技能、知识运用、写作技能三个部分，共8页。时量90分钟，满分100分。
第一部分 阅读技能(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 阅读理解(共12小题;每小题3分，满分36分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Do you know what to do when there is an emergency By calling the police, you can protect yourself and those around you.
Call the police in all of the following emergencies:
◆ A crime, such as a theft, especially if it is still in progress.
◆ A car accident, especially if someone is injured.
◆ Domestic violence, such as a child being mistreated.
◆ Anything else that seems like an emergency.
You may also call the police when you see something suspicious(可疑的)in your neighborhood:
◆ Someone you don’t know is frequently walking around in your neighborhood. This could be a sign that the person is trying to break into a house.
◆ Someone is trying to open the doors of a car. This could be a sign that the person is trying to steal the car.
When you see something suspicious, do not suppose someone else has already called the police. People often hesitate to call the police for fear of danger. However, the police want to help prevent crime.
What should you do when you call the police
◆ Dial 911 (the U.S. emergency number; the number varies from one country to another—in China, you dial 110 to call the police). Stay calm when calling and give your name, address and phone number. Then, tell the person why you are calling (What happened Where did it happen When did it happen Is it still in progress ). Follow any instructions you are given. For example, the dispatcher (调度员) might say, “Stay on the line,” or “Leave the building.”
◆ If you dial the emergency number by mistake.do not hang up. Doing so could make the dispatcher think an emergency really exists. Instead，just tell the person that you called by mistake.
Most police departments have a communication center. The communication center staff reach police officers by radio. Police officers carry headsets. like earphones, to stay in touch with the communication center.
1. When calling the police, you DON’T need to give ______ to the dispatcher.
A. your name B. your phone number
C. your ID card number D. some details of the emergency
2. What should you do if you dial the emergency number by mistake
A. Power off your smartphone. B. Hang up your phone at once.
C. Tell the dispatcher you called by mistake. D. Go to a police station to explain your mistake.
3. What do the communication center staff in police departments do
A. Monitor police officers. B. Answer emergency calls.
C. Tell people what to do in an emergency. D. Reach police officers when there is an emergency.
4. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To tell people when and how to call the police.
B. To introduce a police officer’s general duties.
C. To share the author’s experience of calling the police.
D. To thank the police for trying to prevent crimes.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 4. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了何时以及如何报警。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Stay calm when calling and give your name, address and phone number.(打电话时保持冷静，留下你的姓名、地址和电话号码)”可知，报警的时候。你不需要把你的身份证号码给调度员。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“◆If you dial the emergency number by mistake.do not hang up. Doing so could make the dispatcher think an emergency really exists. Instead, just tell the person that you called by mistake.(如果你拨错了紧急号码。别挂电话。这样做可以使调度员认为紧急情况确实存在。相反，你应该告诉对方你打错电话了)”可知，如果你打错了紧急号码，应该告诉调度员你打错电话了。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The communication center staff reach police officers by radio.(通讯中心的工作人员通过无线电与警察取得联系)”可知，警察部门的通讯中心工作人员在发生紧急情况时联系警察。故选D。
4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Do you know what to do when there is an emergency By calling the police, you can protect yourself and those around you.(你知道遇到紧急情况时该怎么做吗？通过报警，你可以保护自己和你周围的人)”结合文章主要说明了何时以及如何报警。可推知，文章的目的是告诉人们何时以及如何报警。故选A。
B
Anderson Carey is 12 years old. One day, he saw a magazine article that interested him.
It was about prosthetics(假肢), which can be used to replace a hand, arm or leg.
The article said people are using 3-D printers to build these devices. Anderson thought this was very cool. He wanted to learn more about it. So Anderson talked to his science teacher, Dr. Holly Martin. He asked if they could build a prosthetic together. The timing(时机的把握) was perfect. Martin had just heard about a group called Enabling the Future. This group asks volunteers to help to build robotic arms and legs. The volunteers build them for people who share their stories on the website.
Anderson and Martin looked through the website together. They decided to help a man from the country of Romania. His name is Cornel Crismaru, who lost his leg, hand and part of his arm.
In February, Anderson and Martin got to work. Building the robotic arm was not easy. Anderson ran into some problems along the way. He had hoped to use a 3-D Printer at his school. One of the pieces for the arm was bigger than the size of the printer, though.
Soon Anderson had an idea to solve this problem. He reached out to a 3-D printing company in Woodstock, Georgia. The company agreed to help. Anderson and Martin could use their big 3-D printers. After that, Anderson worked on the arm for about three months.
Anderson and Martin sent the arm to Crismaru in May. In August, they received a notice. It is from Crismaru’s son. He thanked Anderson and Martin for their help.
Martin said she hopes children and grown-ups who hear about Andersons projects will realize that it may be hard to change the world, but they can start with small acts. Some of these can help a person in a huge way.
5 Anderson talked to his science teacher about_______.
A starting a website together B. buying a 3-D printer
C. building a prosthetic together D. studying robots
6. Anderson and Dr. Martin learned from the website that Crismaru______.
A. lost some body parts B. wanted to be a volunteer
C. was homeless D. was interested in robots
7. How did Anderson solve his problem
A. He made a new 3-D printer. B. Hе took Dr.Martin’s advice.
C. He worked together with his school. D. He got help from a 3-D printing company.
8. What can we learn from the text
A. All roads lead to Rome. B. Failure is the mother of success.
C. Those who help others help themselves. D. Small acts make a big difference.
【答案】5. C 6. A 7. D 8. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Anderson和他的科学老师Martin一起用3D打印机打印假肢帮助残疾人的善行。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“So Anderson talked to his science teacher, Dr. Holly Martin. He asked if they could build a prosthetic together.(Anderson和他的科学老师Holly Martin博士谈了谈。他问他们是否可以一起做一个假体)”可知，Anderson想和科学老师一起做假肢。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“His name is Cornel Crismaru, who lost his leg, hand and part of his arm. (他的名字是Cornel Crismaru，他失去了他的腿，手和部分手臂)”可知，Crismaru身体残缺。故选A项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“Soon Anderson had an idea to solve this problem. He reached out to a 3-D printing company in Woodstock, Georgia. The company agreed to help.(很快，Anderson想到了一个解决这个问题的办法。他联系了乔治亚州伍德斯托克的一家3D打印公司。该公司同意提供帮助) ”可知，Anderson找到一家3D打印公司解决问题。故选D项。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Anderson和他的科学老师Martin一起用3D打印机打印假肢帮助残疾人的善行，结合最后一段“Martin said she hopes children and grown-ups who hear about Andersons projects will realize that it may be hard to change the world, but they can start with small acts. Some of these can help a person in a huge way. (Martin说，她希望听到Anderson计划的孩子和成年人能意识到，改变世界可能很难，但他们可以从小事做起。一些小事也可以给个人带来巨大的影响)”可推知，小小善行也能带来巨大的影响(make a big difference) 。故选D项。
C
Have you ever wondered what wild animals do when no one is watching Scientists have been able to record the “private” moments of wildlife with leading-edge technology. Low-cost, dependable and small modern cameras are of big help.
Cameras placed in hard-to-reach places have taken videos of everything from small desert cats to later snow-loving felines (猫科动物) in the northern Rocky Mountains. These cameras are important tools to learn new information on wildlife.
Some videos help scientists see the effects of climate change. For example, the desert animal javelina (矛牙野猪) and the tree-loving coatimundi (南美浣熊) have been caught on cameras north of their normal home. This could mean global warming is enlarging their living area northward.
Researchers use cameras, along with Global Positioning Systems or GPS. They attach GPS devices to animals living in or around Yellowstone National Park. Then they can record their movements, or migrations (迁移). These cameras can be left in the wild for days, weeks or even months. They can provide information on how many animals are moving over a given period of time.
Putting those cameras in place requires careful planning. Videos recorded by those cameras can show details about animal behavior. However, they have their problems too. Animals such as wolverines (狼獾) and bears sometimes attack them. Scientists do not know if the attacks are the result of anger or interest. Also, the devices have become popular tools to help hunters look for animals. Some people argue that it is unfair to use the cameras that way. Even with such problems, wild cameras are clearly important scientific tools in researching wild animals.
9. Which of the following helps scientists know about climate change
A. How active wild animals are. B. What wild animals eat.
C. Where wild animals go. D. When wild animals move.
10. What does the underlined word “devices” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Tools. B. Maps. C. Pictures. D. Videos.
11. What problem may the wild cameras cause
A. They may make wild animals fight with each other. B. They may make wild animals puzzled.
C. They may attract only a few wild animals. D. They may bring danger to wild animals.
12. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Cameras record animals in the wild B. Cameras become popular in the wild
C. Animals no longer have secrets D. An invention makes animals mad
【答案】9. C 10. A 11. D 12. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述相机被用于观察野生动物迁徙的途径和行为，可以观察到气候变化对动物的影响，但是相机对动物也有不好的影响，主要体现在帮助猎人捕猎动物。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Some videos help scientists see the effects of climate change. For example, the desert animal javelina (矛牙野猪) and the tree-loving coatimundi (南美浣熊) have been caught on cameras north of their normal home. This could mean global warming is enlarging their living area northward.(一些视频帮助科学家看到气候变化的影响。例如，沙漠动物矛牙野猪和喜爱树木的南美浣熊在它们平常的家以北被摄像机拍到了。这可能意味着全球变暖正在向北扩大它们的生存范围)”可知，野生动物去的地方有助于科学家了解气候变化。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“They attach GPS”以及后文“to animals living in or around Yellowstone National Park”以及“Then they can record their movements, or migrations (迁移).(然后他们可以记录它们的运动，或迁移)”可知，研究人员给生活在黄石国家公园内或附近的动物安装了GPS工具，来记录动物的运动，或迁移。故划线词意思是“工具”。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Also, the devices have become popular tools to help hunters look for animals. Some people argue that it is unfair to use the cameras that way. (此外，这些设备已经成为帮助猎人寻找动物的流行工具。一些人认为这样使用摄像头是不公平的)”可推知，相机同样被用于帮助猎人寻找动物，这对动物会产生危险，故选D。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Have you ever wondered what wild animals do when no one is watching Scientists have been able to record the “private” moments of wildlife with leading-edge technology. Low-cost, dependable and small modern cameras are of big help.(你有没有想过野生动物在没有人注视的时候会做什么？科学家们已经能够用先进的技术记录野生动物的“私人”时刻。低成本、可靠、小巧的现代相机大有帮助)”结合本文主要讲述相机被用于观察野生动物迁徙的途径和行为，可以观察到气候变化对动物的影响，但是相机对动物也有不好的影响，主要体现在帮助猎人捕猎动物，A选项“照相机记录野生动物”最符合文章标题。故选A。
第二节 小标题填空(共3小题;每小题3分，满分9分)
下面文章中有3处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C和D)中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
How to deal with anxiety before exams Here are some dos and don’ts that might help you with your exams.
Don’t arrive too early.
You probably arrive early before an exam, but getting there too early is not a good idea. When you’re reviewing with friends you might get more anxious. Instead, try to get there five to ten minutes earlier and keep yourself from talking about the exam to anybody.
___13___
Lack of sleep is a huge factor in increasing anxiety. When your nervous system is not rested, it’s too late, and this will make you anxious. Also, you will have a harder time concentrating. So, instead of studying deep into the night, you should work on getting a regular sleep pattern.
___14___
If you’ve worked hard, and you are ready, you don’t need this. Reviewing on the day of the exam might make you feel like you’ve missed out on some topics. And to be honest, if that’s the case, it’s too late, and this will make you anxious. So you had better just be rested and relaxed for the exam and do your best.
Do eat well.
Don’t forget to have a good meal. We tend to forget to eat when we’re too anxious, but eating is essential. Your brain needs sugar to function properly. You have to eat something before attending an exam. It will give you more energy and lower your anxiety level.
___15___
Before and during an exam, don’t think about the result. Stay focused on the present. You should not, think about your grades, your chances of getting into college, and your family’s opinion, etc. The only thing that matters is you and the exam. Try to separate yourself from anything else.
A. Do sleep well.
B. Do listen to your teachers.
C. Don’t think about the result of the exam.
D. Don’t review on the day of the exam.
【答案】13. A 14. D
15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了帮助缓解考前焦虑的方法。
【13题详解】
根据空后的“Lack of sleep is a huge factor in increasing anxiety. When your nervous system is not rested, it’s too late, and this will make you anxious.(睡眠不足是增加焦虑的一个重要因素。当你的神经系统没有得到休息时，就太晚了，这会让你感到焦虑。)”可知，缺乏睡眠是增加焦虑的因素，神经得不到休息时，会使你更焦虑，由此可知，该部分的主题和睡眠相关，A选项“Do sleep well.(一定要睡好。)”讲述的内容与空后内容吻合，且概括了该段的主题。故选A项。
【14题详解】
根据空后的“If you’ve worked hard, and you are ready, you don’t need this. Reviewing on the day of the exam might make you feel like you’ve missed out on some topics.(如果你努力工作，你已经准备好了，你不需要这个。在考试当天复习可能会让你觉得你错过了一些主题。)”可知，如果曾经很努力，并且已经准备就绪，就不需要这个，考试当天复习会使你觉自己漏掉很多的主题，由此可知，本段讲述的内容与复习相关，D选项“Don’t review on the day of the exam.(考试当天不要复习。)”讲述的内容与本段内容吻合，且概括了本段的内容。故选D项。
【15题详解】
根据空后的“Before and during an exam, don’t think about the result. Stay focused on the present.(在考试前和考试中，不要去想结果。专注于现在。)”可知，考试前或考试期间不要考虑结果，要关注当前的事情，所以本段的主题与考试结果有关系，C选项“Don’t think about the result of the exam.(不要考虑考试的结果。)”讲述的内容与考试结果相关，且概括了本段的主题。故选C项。
第二部分 知识运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Last night my husband and I were walking in a nearby parking lot, when we saw a man bent over on the ground, crushing (碾碎) something with a(n) ____16____. He was so focused on his task that he didn’t ____17____ at anyone passing by. We kept noticing him and wondered what he could be doing.
____18____, we decided to go up and ask him. He was crushing pieces of leftover bread that he had collected to prepare food for the birds that come there early morning. The large pieces of bread would be ____19____ for the birds to eat, so he crushed them into powder. Every night, after coming home from his job, he goes around the villas (乡间别墅), ____20____ leftover bread. He then eats a ____21____ meal and comes here, and spends the next 1-2 ____22____ carefully crushing each piece and makes a neat pile for the birds. What puzzled us more was that he was ____23____ that we were even taking an interest in this, since for him it wasn’t a big deal.
When we asked him what ____24____ him to do this act of service, he said, “It’s just something small I do, so that the leftover bread doesn’t go into the rubbish and the birds get food.” We _____25_____ his story with the hope that it would remind us to be aware of leftovers too and that it might inspire someone to start something similar in their own area.
16. A. rock B. plate C. eraser D. fan
17. A. look down B. look up C. look after D. look through
18. A. Finally B. Suddenly C. Immediately D. However
19. A. necessary B. welcome C. difficult D. possible
20. A. bringing B. collecting C. saving D. making
21. A. big B. hot C. quick D. delicious
22. A. seconds B. hours C. days D. weeks
23. A. surprised B. disappointed C. sorry D. afraid
24. A. forced B. trained C. employed D. encouraged
25. A. bought B. borrowed C. sent D. shared
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是作者与丈夫散步时碰到一人将收集来的剩面包屑碾碎喂鸟，作者分享了这个故事为提醒人们关注一下剩菜剩饭问题。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：昨天晚上，我和丈夫在附近的一个停车场散步时，看到一个男人趴在地上，用一块石头砸着什么东西。A. rock岩石，石子；B. plate盘子；C. eraser橡皮擦；D. fan风扇。根据常识与上文中的“when we saw a man bent over on the ground, crushing (碾碎) something”可知，碾碎东西应该用“石子”符合语接。故选A项。
【17题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他如此专注于他的工作，以至于他没有抬头看任何经过的人。A. look down向下看；B. look up抬头看；C. look after照顾；D. look through浏览。根据上文中的“He was so focused on his task”可知，他专心自己的事情，所以没有“抬头”看任何经过的人。故选B项。
【18题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我们决定上去问问他。A. Finally最后；B. Suddenly突然；C. Immediately立刻；D. However然而。根据上文中的“We kept noticing him and wondered what he could be doing.”以及下文中的“we decided to go up and ask him.”可知，作者首先很好奇，“最后”决定去询问他在干什么。故选A项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大块的面包对鸟儿来说很难吃，所以他把它们压成粉末。A. necessary必要的；B. welcome受欢迎的；C. difficult困难的；D. possible可能的。根据下文中的“so he crushed them into powder”可知，他碾碎这些面包是因为有些鸟吃着“困难”。故选C项。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上下班回家后，他都会到别墅周围，收集剩下的面包。A. bringing带来；B. collecting收集；C. saving节约；D. making使，让，制造。根据上文中的“He was crushing pieces of leftover bread that he had collected to prepare food for the birds that come there early morning.”可知，他把收集来的剩下的面包碾碎，由此可知，此处指“收集”符合语境。故选B项。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，他吃了一顿快餐，来到这里，然后用接下来的1-2个小时小心地把每一块都压碎，并为鸟类做一个整齐的堆。A. big大的；B. hot热的；C. quick快速的；D. delicious美味的。根据上文中的“Every night, after coming home from his job, he goes around the villas (乡间别墅), ____5____ leftover bread.”可知，他下班回来就来这里，围绕乡间别墅走动着，收集剩下的面包，此处使用“快速的”吃完饭表达他干这件事的很投入。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，他吃了一顿快餐，来到这里，然后用接下来的1-2个小时小心地把每一块都压碎，并为鸟类做一个整齐的堆。A. seconds秒；B. hours小时；C. days日子；D. weeks周，星期。根据上文中的“Every night, after coming home from his job”并结合生活常识可知。他晚上下班回来，干上1-2个“小时”符合语境。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更让我们困惑的是，他很惊讶我们竟然对这个感兴趣，因为对他来说这并不是什么大事。A. surprised惊讶的；B. disappointed 失望的；C. sorry难过的；D. afraid害怕的。根据下文中的“that we were even taking an interest in this, since for him it wasn’t a big deal.”可知，对他来说算不上什么大事，而我们对此感兴趣，所以此处指的是这让他感到“惊讶”。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 当我们问他是什么鼓励他这样做时，他说:“这只是我做的一件小事，这样吃剩的面包就不会被扔进垃圾堆，鸟儿就能得到食物。”A. forced强迫；B. trained训练；C. employed雇佣；D. encouraged鼓励。根据下文中的“he said,“It’s just something small I do, so that the leftover bread doesn’t go into the rubbish and the birds get food.”并结合下文中的“and that it might inspire someone to start something similar in their own area.”可知，他说这只是一件做的小事，这样面包就不会被扔进垃圾桶，面鸟儿可以得到食物，由此可知，作者问他是什么“激励”他这样做的。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们分享了他的故事，希望它能提醒我们也要注意剩菜剩饭，并可能激励人们在自己的地区开始类似的事情。A. bought买；B. borrowed借；C. sent发送；D. shared分享。根据下文中“with the hope that it would remind us to be aware of leftovers too and that it might inspire someone to start something similar in their own area.”可知，作者希望这件事会提醒人们注意剩菜剩饭，并激励一些人在自己区域也做类似的事，所以，此处指的是“分享”这件事符合语境。故选D项。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
One important feature of classic literature is that it often reflects an author’s own experiences and can therefore help ____26____ (we) understand the important issues of his or her time. This is one reason ____27____ the best works of literature still appeal to readers long after they ____28____ (write). Cao Xueqin’s A Dream of Red Mansions, one of the most significant ____29____ (novel) in Chinese literature is a good example of this. Its storyline follows the fall of a large ____30____ (wealth) family much like the author’s own. No doubt ____31____ (draw) on his own experiences, Cao Xueqin gives a detailed description of what life was like at that time. The novel contains a great number of details such as what the upper class wore and ____32____(eat). It also describes the social relations in 18th-century China. As a result, readers are able ____33____ (understand) the gap between rich and poor, men and women, the learned and ____34____ uneducated in the historical context. Cultural and historical elements like these make A Dream of Red Mansions a timeless classic. _____35_____ summary, we can learn much about a specific period in history from classic literature.
【答案】26. us 27. why
28. were written
29. novels 30. wealthy
31. drawing
32. ate 33. to understand
34. the 35. In
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要以曹雪芹的《红楼梦》为例子讲述了古典文学的一个主要特点——它经常反映作者自己的经历，因此可以帮助我们了解他或她所处时代的一些重要话题。
【26题详解】
考查代词。句意：经典文学的一个重要特点是，它往往反映了作者自己的经历，因此可以帮助我们理解他或她那个时代的重要问题。动词help后接人称代词的宾格形式。故填us。
【27题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这就是为什么最好的文学作品在完成很久之后仍然对读者有吸引力的原因之一。句中先行词为reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，所以用关系副词why引导。故填why。
【28题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：这就是为什么最好的文学作品在完成很久之后仍然对读者有吸引力的原因之一。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。主语they与write之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填were written。
【29题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：曹雪芹的《红楼梦》就是一个很好的例子，它是中国文学中最重要的小说之一。one of the +形容词最高级 +复数名词。故填novels。
【30题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它的故事情节讲述了一个与作者自己的家庭相似的富裕大家族的衰落。名词family前用形容词修饰。故填wealthy。
【31题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：毫无疑问，曹雪芹根据自己经历，对当时的生活进行了详细的描述。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词修饰。逻辑主语Cao Xueqin与draw之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填drawing。
【32题详解】
考查时态。句意：这部小说包含了大量的细节，如上流社会的穿着和饮食。根据并列连词and前动词wore可知，用一般过去时。故填ate。
【33题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，读者能够理解在历史背景下的贫富差距，男人和女人，有学问的人和没受过教育的人。be able to do sth.能够做某事。故填to understand。
【34题详解】
考查冠词。句意：因此，读者能够理解在历史背景下的贫富差距，男人和女人，有学问的人和没受过教育的人。the +形容词，表示一类人。故填the。
【35题详解】
考查介词。句意：总之，我们可以从经典文学中了解到很多关于历史上一个特定时期的信息。in summary总之,置于句首，首字母大写。故填In。
第三部分 写作技能(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 双向翻译(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。
In the West, if you are going to visit someone’s home, it is polite to take a present with you. Flowers, wine and sweets are all good choices. However, if you want to impress the host or hostess, ____36____ why not bring with you something handmade
It is always wise to bring books about China to your foreign friends ____37____ 目的是为了让他们更多地了解中国. If you think books are too ordinary, you can bring some traditional handicrafts such as fans. ____38____ In the past, fans were used not just to cool oneself. Sometimes fans were decorated with paintings or poems. When you give your friends the present, you can tell them a little about Chinese history. For the hostess, you can give her silk or a present with beautiful Chinese decorations, such as a handmade purse or a Chinese comb. I’m sure she will like it.
You can also give your foreign friends something to eat or drink. ____39____ 你可以做一些中国菜and take them to your friends’ house. You can also bring Chinese tea. Tea is a national drink in China. It is an important part of Chinese culture.
____40____ If you need to bring a present to children, toy pandas are a good choice. The giant panda is China’s national treasure. It is popular around the world.
【答案】36. 为什么不带上一些手工制作东西（礼物）呢？
37. so that they can know more about China/in order that they can know more about China
38. 在过去，扇子不仅仅被用来给人降温。
39. You can make/cook some Chinese dishes
40. 如果你需要送礼物给小朋友，玩具熊猫是一个不错的选择。
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者认为，去别人家做客时，送手工制品作为礼物可以让主人印象深刻。作者对此提出了几点建议。
【36题详解】
考查固定句式和短语。why not意为“为什么不”，为固定句式。bring sth with sb意为“将某物带在身上”。something意为“某物”，handmade意为“手工的；手制的”，作后置定语修饰something。故翻译为：为什么不带上一些手工制作的东西（礼物）呢？
【37题详解】
考查从句和短语。表示“目的是”应用so that或in order that引导目的状语从句。表示“他们”应用代词they作主语，表示“更多地了解”应用短语know more about，表示“中国”应用名词China。故翻译为：so that they can know more about China/in order that they can know more about China
【38题详解】
考查固定搭配和时态。in the past意为“在过去”，主语fans意为“扇子”，be used to do意为“被用来做某事”，not just意为“不仅仅”，cool oneself意为“降温”。故翻译为：在过去，扇子不仅仅被用来给人降温。
【39题详解】
考查情态动词和短语。表示“你”应用代词you作主语。表示“可以”应用情态动词can。表示“做一些中国菜”应用固定搭配make/cook some Chinese dishes。故翻译为：You can make/cook some Chinese dishes
【40题详解】
考查条件状语从句和祈使句。if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。need to do意为“需要做某事”。bring a present to意为“送礼物给”，children意为“孩子们，小朋友”。toy pandas意为“玩具熊猫”。a good choice意为“一个不错的选择”。故翻译为：如果你需要送礼物给小朋友，玩具熊猫是一个不错的选择。
第二节 情景作文(共1小题，满分20分)
41. 假定你是高中生李华，你们学校的校报英文版正向全校同学征稿。此次征稿内容：介绍一位中国历史人物。请你根据以下内容提示，给校报投稿。
Name: Sima Qian Born: in the Han Dynasty Position: Historian
Life ●·was interested in history when he was a child ● learned Chinese classics from great literary masters ● succeeded his father as Grand Historian ● took more than 10 years to complete his masterpiece Shiji
Masterpiece: Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian) ●·describes historical figures ● lists important events in different periods ● covers advances in many fields
注意：l. 词数100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Sima Qian, who lived in the Han Dynasty thousands of years ago, was one of the greatest historians in Chinese history. He wrote a book named Shiji. In his famous masterpiece, he not only described historical figures and important events in different periods in a vivid way but also covered lots of advances in many fields.
When he was a child, Sima Qian showed great interest in history. It was also lucky for him to learn Chinese classics from great literary masters at a very young age. Later, he succeeded his father as Grand Historian and determined to write a masterpiece recording what had happened in the past. While he was working hard on his book, something terrible happened to him. He was put in prison. Though he suffered physically and mentally at that time, he never stopped writing. Thanks to his great efforts, now it is possible for all of us Chinese to have access to our past through his great work Shiji.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生根据内容提示，介绍中国历史人物司马迁，给校报投稿。
【详解】词汇积累
幸运的：lucky→fortunate
对……感兴趣：showed interest in→be interested in
决定做：determine to do→ make up one’s mind to do
停止：stop→quit
2.句式拓展
陈述句变倒装句
原句：In his famous masterpiece, he not only described historical figures and important events in different periods in a vivid way but also covered lots of advances in many fields.
拓展句：In his famous masterpiece, not only did he describe historical figures and important events in different periods in a vivid way, but he also covered lots of advances in many fields.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Sima Qian, who lived in the Han Dynasty thousands of years ago, was one of the greatest historians in Chinese history.（运用了who引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Though he suffered physically and mentally at that time, he never stopped writing.（运用了though引导让步状语从句）2023年湖南省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟试卷(长郡版)
英语
本试题卷分为阅读技能、知识运用、写作技能三个部分，共8页。时量90分钟，满分100分。
第一部分 阅读技能(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 阅读理解(共12小题;每小题3分，满分36分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Do you know what to do when there is an emergency By calling the police you can protect yourself and those around you.
Call the police in all of the following emergencies:
◆ A crime, such as a theft, especially if it is still in progress.
◆ A car accident, especially if someone is injured.
◆ Domestic violence, such as a child being mistreated.
◆ Anything else that seems like an emergency.
You may also call the police when you see something suspicious(可疑的)in your neighborhood:
◆ Someone you don’t know is frequently walking around in your neighborhood. This could be a sign that the person is trying to break into a house.
◆ Someone is trying to open the doors of a car. This could be a sign that the person is trying to steal the car.
When you see something suspicious, do not suppose someone else has already called the police. People often hesitate to call the police for fear of danger. However, the police want to help prevent crime.
What should you do when you call the police
◆ Dial 911 (the U.S. emergency number; the number varies from one country to another—in China, you dial 110 to call the police). Stay calm when calling and give your name, address and phone number. Then, tell the person why you are calling (What happened Where did it happen When did it happen Is it still in progress ). Follow any instructions you are given. For example, the dispatcher (调度员) might say, “Stay on the line,” or “Leave the building.”
◆ If you dial the emergency number by mistake.do not hang up. Doing so could make the dispatcher think an emergency really exists. Instead，just tell the person that you called by mistake.
Most police departments have a communication center. The communication center staff reach police officers by radio. Police officers carry headsets. like earphones, to stay in touch with the communication center.
1. When calling the police, you DON’T need to give ______ to the dispatcher.
A your name B. your phone number
C. your ID card number D. some details of the emergency
2. What should you do if you dial the emergency number by mistake
A. Power off your smartphone. B. Hang up your phone at once.
C. Tell the dispatcher you called by mistake. D. Go to a police station to explain your mistake.
3. What do the communication center staff in police departments do
A. Monitor police officers. B. Answer emergency calls.
C. Tell people what to do in an emergency. D. Reach police officers when there is an emergency.
4. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To tell people when and how to call the police.
B. To introduce a police officer’s general duties.
C To share the author’s experience of calling the police.
D. To thank the police for trying to prevent crimes.
B
Anderson Carey is 12 years old. One day, he saw a magazine article that interested him.
It was about prosthetics(假肢) which can be used to replace a hand, arm or leg.
The article said people are using 3-D printers to build these devices. Anderson thought this was very cool. He wanted to learn more about it. So Anderson talked to his science teacher, Dr. Holly Martin. He asked if they could build a prosthetic together. The timing(时机的把握) was perfect. Martin had just heard about a group called Enabling the Future. This group asks volunteers to help to build robotic arms and legs. The volunteers build them for people who share their stories on the website.
Anderson and Martin looked through the website together. They decided to help a man from the country of Romania. His name is Cornel Crismaru, who lost his leg, hand and part of his arm.
In February, Anderson and Martin got to work. Building the robotic arm was not easy. Anderson ran into some problems along the way. He had hoped to use a 3-D Printer at his school. One of the pieces for the arm was bigger than the size of the printer, though.
Soon Anderson had an idea to solve this problem. He reached out to a 3-D printing company in Woodstock, Georgia. The company agreed to help. Anderson and Martin could use their big 3-D printers. After that, Anderson worked on the arm for about three months.
Anderson and Martin sent the arm to Crismaru in May. In August, they received a notice. It is from Crismaru’s son. He thanked Anderson and Martin for their help.
Martin said she hopes children and grown-ups who hear about Andersons projects will realize that it may be hard to change the world, but they can start with small acts. Some of these can help a person in a huge way.
5. Anderson talked to his science teacher about_______.
A. starting a website together B. buying a 3-D printer
C. building a prosthetic together D. studying robots
6. Anderson and Dr. Martin learned from the website that Crismaru______.
A. lost some body parts B. wanted to be a volunteer
C. was homeless D. was interested in robots
7. How did Anderson solve his problem
A. He made a new 3-D printer. B. Hе took Dr.Martin’s advice.
C. He worked together with his school. D. He got help from a 3-D printing company.
8. What can we learn from the text
A. All roads lead to Rome. B. Failure is the mother of success.
C. Those who help others help themselves. D. Small acts make a big difference.
C
Have you ever wondered what wild animals do when no one is watching Scientists have been able to record the “private” moments of wildlife with leading-edge technology. Low-cost, dependable and small modern cameras are of big help.
Cameras placed in hard-to-reach places have taken videos of everything from small desert cats to later snow-loving felines (猫科动物) in the northern Rocky Mountains. These cameras are important tools to learn new information on wildlife.
Some videos help scientists see the effects of climate change. For example, the desert animal javelina (矛牙野猪) and the tree-loving coatimundi (南美浣熊) have been caught on cameras north of their normal home. This could mean global warming is enlarging their living area northward.
Researchers use cameras, along with Global Positioning Systems or GPS. They attach GPS devices to animals living in or around Yellowstone National Park. Then they can record their movements, or migrations (迁移). These cameras can be left in the wild for days, weeks or even months. They can provide information on how many animals are moving over a given period of time.
Putting those cameras in place requires careful planning. Videos recorded by those cameras can show details about animal behavior. However, they have their problems too. Animals such as wolverines (狼獾) and bears sometimes attack them. Scientists do not know if the attacks are the result of anger or interest. Also, the devices have become popular tools to help hunters look for animals. Some people argue that it is unfair to use the cameras that way. Even with such problems, wild cameras are clearly important scientific tools in researching wild animals.
9. Which of the following helps scientists know about climate change
A. How active wild animals are. B. What wild animals eat.
C. Where wild animals go. D. When wild animals move.
10. What does the underlined word “devices” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Tools. B. Maps. C. Pictures. D. Videos.
11. What problem may the wild cameras cause
A. They may make wild animals fight with each other. B. They may make wild animals puzzled.
C. They may attract only a few wild animals. D. They may bring danger to wild animals.
12. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Cameras record animals in the wild B. Cameras become popular in the wild
C. Animals no longer have secrets D. An invention makes animals mad
第二节 小标题填空(共3小题;每小题3分，满分9分)
下面文章中有3处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C和D)中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
How to deal with anxiety before exams Here are some dos and don’ts that might help you with your exams.
Don’t arrive too early.
You probably arrive early before an exam, but getting there too early is not a good idea. When you’re reviewing with friends you might get more anxious. Instead, try to get there five to ten minutes earlier and keep yourself from talking about the exam to anybody.
___13___
Lack of sleep is a huge factor in increasing anxiety. When your nervous system is not rested, it’s too late, and this will make you anxious. Also, you will have a harder time concentrating. So, instead of studying deep into the night, you should work on getting a regular sleep pattern.
___14___
If you’ve worked hard, and you are ready, you don’t need this. Reviewing on the day of the exam might make you feel like you’ve missed out on some topics. And to be honest, if that’s the case, it’s too late, and this will make you anxious. So you had better just be rested and relaxed for the exam and do your best.
Do eat well.
Don’t forget to have a good meal. We tend to forget to eat when we’re too anxious, but eating is essential. Your brain needs sugar to function properly. You have to eat something before attending an exam. It will give you more energy and lower your anxiety level.
___15___
Before and during an exam, don’t think about the result. Stay focused on the present. You should not, think about your grades, your chances of getting into college, and your family’s opinion, etc. The only thing that matters is you and the exam. Try to separate yourself from anything else.
A. Do sleep well.
B. Do listen to your teachers.
C. Don’t think about the result of the exam.
D. Don’t review on the day of the exam.
第二部分 知识运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Last night my husband and I were walking in a nearby parking lot, when we saw a man bent over on the ground, crushing (碾碎) something with a(n) ____16____. He was so focused on his task that he didn’t ____17____ at anyone passing by. We kept noticing him and wondered what he could be doing.
____18____, we decided to go up and ask him. He was crushing pieces of leftover bread that he had collected to prepare food for the birds that come there early morning. The large pieces of bread would be ____19____ for the birds to eat, so he crushed them into powder. Every night, after coming home from his job, he goes around the villas (乡间别墅), ____20____ leftover bread. He then eats a ____21____ meal and comes here, and spends the next 1-2 ____22____ carefully crushing each piece and makes a neat pile for the birds. What puzzled us more was that he was ____23____ that we were even taking an interest in this, since for him it wasn’t a big deal.
When we asked him what ____24____ him to do this act of service, he said, “It’s just something small I do, so that the leftover bread doesn’t go into the rubbish and the birds get food.” We _____25_____ his story with the hope that it would remind us to be aware of leftovers too and that it might inspire someone to start something similar in their own area.
16. A. rock B. plate C. eraser D. fan
17. A. look down B. look up C. look after D. look through
18. A. Finally B. Suddenly C. Immediately D. However
19. A. necessary B. welcome C. difficult D. possible
20. A. bringing B. collecting C. saving D. making
21. A. big B. hot C. quick D. delicious
22. A. seconds B. hours C. days D. weeks
23. A. surprised B. disappointed C. sorry D. afraid
24. A. forced B. trained C. employed D. encouraged
25. A. bought B. borrowed C. sent D. shared
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
One important feature of classic literature is that it often reflects an author’s own experiences and can therefore help ____26____ (we) understand the important issues of his or her time. This is one reason ____27____ the best works of literature still appeal to readers long after they ____28____ (write). Cao Xueqin’s A Dream of Red Mansions, one of the most significant ____29____ (novel) in Chinese literature is a good example of this. Its storyline follows the fall of a large ____30____ (wealth) family much like the author’s own. No doubt ____31____ (draw) on his own experiences, Cao Xueqin gives a detailed description of what life was like at that time. The novel contains a great number of details such as what the upper class wore and ____32____(eat). It also describes the social relations in 18th-century China. As a result, readers are able ____33____ (understand) the gap between rich and poor, men and women, the learned and ____34____ uneducated in the historical context. Cultural and historical elements like these make A Dream of Red Mansions a timeless classic. _____35_____ summary, we can learn much about a specific period in history from classic literature.
第三部分 写作技能(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 双向翻译(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。
In the West, if you are going to visit someone’s home, it is polite to take a present with you. Flowers, wine and sweets are all good choices. However, if you want to impress the host or hostess, ____36____ why not bring with you something handmade
It is always wise to bring books about China to your foreign friends ____37____ 目是为了让他们更多地了解中国. If you think books are too ordinary, you can bring some traditional handicrafts such as fans. ____38____ In the past, fans were used not just to cool oneself. Sometimes fans were decorated with paintings or poems. When you give your friends the present, you can tell them a little about Chinese history. For the hostess, you can give her silk or a present with beautiful Chinese decorations, such as a handmade purse or a Chinese comb. I’m sure she will like it.
You can also give your foreign friends something to eat or drink. ____39____ 你可以做一些中国菜and take them to your friends’ house. You can also bring Chinese tea. Tea is a national drink in China. It is an important part of Chinese culture.
____40____ If you need to bring a present to children, toy pandas are a good choice. The giant panda is China’s national treasure. It is popular around the world.
第二节 情景作文(共1小题，满分20分)
41. 假定你是高中生李华，你们学校的校报英文版正向全校同学征稿。此次征稿内容：介绍一位中国历史人物。请你根据以下内容提示，给校报投稿。
Name: Sima Qian Born: in the Han Dynasty Position: Historian
Life ●·was interested in history when he was a child ● learned Chinese classics from great literary masters ● succeeded his father as Grand Historian ● took more than 10 years to complete his masterpiece Shiji
Masterpiece: Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian) ●·describes historical figures ● lists important events in different periods ● covers advances in many fields
注意：l. 词数100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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