Unit1 Topic2 单元知识梳理+话题过关检测（带答案详解）（九年级英语上册仁爱版）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023-2024年九年级英语上册单元知识梳理+话题过关检测（仁爱版）
Unit1 topic2
一、单词过关
1 ________________ adv.很可能，大概
2 ________________ n.电影院
3 ________________ 百货公司
4 ________________ adj.附近的，邻近的adv.在附近，
5 ________________ n.人口，人数
6 ________________ num．十亿
7 ________________ v.(使)增加，(使)增大n.增加
8 ________________ v.实现；达到；够得着；到达
9 ________________ adv.幸运地，运气好地
10 ________________ n.政策，方针
11 ________________ n.俄罗斯
12 ________________ n.措施，方法
13 ________________ adj.社会的；社交的
14 ________________ v.提供，供应n.供应量；供应
15 ________________ adj.天然的；天生的
16 ________________ adj.更差的,更糟的adv.更差,更糟
17 ________________ 更糟糕的是
18 ________________ 到目前为止
20 ________________ n.政府，内阁
21 ________________ 幸亏，由于
22 ________________ n.段；段落
23 ________________ n.机会，时机
24 ________________ adj.新生的，初生的
25 ________________ n.百分之······
26 ________________ v.提供（东西或机会）；主动提出
27 ________________ v.围绕，环绕
28 ________________ n.（生活）垃圾，废物，垃圾场
29 ________________ v.阻拦，阻止；使灰心
30 ________________ adj.当地的，本地的
31 ________________ n.首都；资本
32 ________________ adj.巨大的，极多的
33 ________________ n.集市，市场
34 ________________ n.运输，运送
35 ________________ adj.极好的，优秀的
二、课本知识点梳理
Section A
1. I have just called you, but you weren’t in.
be in = be at home在家
2. I don’t want to go there any more.
not……any more = no more “不再”
no more 一般位于句尾或句首; 与瞬时动词连用，表程度不再增加，次数不再重复
拓展：not……any longer意为“不再”，相当于no longer, no longer用于实意动词之前、助动词或be动词之
后，或位于句尾或句首。与延续性动词或表示状态的词连用，表示时间上的“不再”持续。
eg. He didn’t live in Beijing any longer. 他不再住在北京了。
3. Because there were too many people.
too much + 不可数名词，表 “太多……”
too many + 可数名词，表 “太多……”
much too + 形容词，表 “太……”
4. We got lost and couldn’t find each other.
get lost = lose one’s way 走失，迷路。其中，lost为形容词，其近义词有missing和gone
5. Let’s call him up.
call up “给……打电话”, 名词作宾语时可以放在up后面或者两者中间；宾语时it, them, him, me等代词
时，必须放在两词之间。
同义词组：ring up; make a telephone call
6. I really hate going to a place like that.
like that/this 像那样/这样
like有两种用法：
(1)用作动词(v.),“爱好，喜欢”, 后面可接名词、代词、动名词或不定式
喜欢做某事 like to do sth. 表示一次性具体的行为
like doing sth. 表示经常性、反复的动作
(2)用作介词(prep.), “像”, like前边一般要有be
look like = look the same “看起来像”
feel like doing sth.“想要做某事”
What’s……like“……怎么样”
How do you like…… “感觉……怎么样”
Would like to do sth.“想要做某事”
7. So do I.
So / Neither / Nor + be / 情态动词 / 助动词 + 另一个主语 （某某也一样 / 也不这样）
此为倒装句，表示前面提到的肯定/否定情况也同样适合另外一个主体。
【注意】此句所用的时态要与前句的时态相同，“be / 情态动词 / 助动词”的形式要与后面的主语一
致。
eg. (1). --- I really hate to go to such a place.
--- So do I. (我也是)
(2). --- Tina isn’t a lazy girl.
--- Neither / Nor am I. (我也不是)
拓展：So + 主语 + be / 情态动词 / 助动词 （……的确如此）
此句表赞同，主语与上文指同一人或物。
eg. --- It was cold yesterday.
--- So it was. (它确实是这样)
8. By the way, have you ever been to the cinema nearby
nearby adj. 附近的
adv. 在附近，不远
nearly adv. 几乎，差不多
Section B
1. Kangkang is reading a report on population in the newspaper.
on = about 关于
2. What a large population!
population 人口；居民。常用形容词large和small来表示人口的多少。做主语时位于动词用单数。
What’s the population of…… 询问人口是多少
……has/have a population of…… 有……人口
拓展：Three quarters of the population of the country are farmers. 强调人口中一部分人时用复数
3. And it is increasing by 80 million every year.
increase 使增加，增大，增多
increase by + 倍数/百分数/数字+频度: “增加了…… 倍”或”百分之……”或”每年/月/分/...增加....”
increase to + 具体增加后的数字: 增加到了……
4. It has already reached 1.3 billion, and India is second with 1.1 billion.
(1) reach 达到，增加到(某速度，数量等)；实现；到达；够得着
Daytime temperatures can reach 40℃. 白天的气温可以达到40摄氏度。
They are too short to reach the apples on the tree. 他们太矮了够不着树上的苹果。
(2) second 位居第二
India is second with 1.1 billion.= India is has the second largest population with 1.1 billion.
拓展：second 表示“秒”
5. It shows that the population in developing countries is larger than that in developed countries.
句中的that指代the population.
that指上文中表示物体的可数名词单数或不可数名词
those指上文中表示物体的可数名词复数
6. Luckily, China has carried out the one-child policy to control the population.
(1) luck n. luckily adv. lucky adj.
(2) carry out 实行，进行，执行
7. What problems does the large population cause
cause = lead to = bring about 带来，造成，引起，导致
拓展：cause还有名词词性 原因
8. What measures do you think should be taken to control the population
take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
Section C
1. In 2010, the world’s population was about 6.8 billion. More than three billion people live in Asia now.
(1) about 用在数字之前表“大约”= around
(2) less than 比……少，修饰不可数名词（little的比较级）、形容词、副词。
fewer than 比……少，只用于修饰可数名词（few的比较级）。
more than 比……多，用于可数名词和不可数名词（many 和much的比较级）。
2. That’s almost half of the world’s population.
(1) almost 几乎
(2) half of /half
如果是人称代词,则只能用half of,而且人称代词要用宾格；如 half of them
在谈论距离、长度和数量时,只能用half,一般不用half of；如 half a mile
half, half of后面所接的名词前,必须有表示限定含义的冠词、指示代词、物主代词等等，如half of my friends.
注意 ： half of + 中心词(名、代) + 谓语动词
3. China has the largest population in the world, and about one fifth of the people in the world live in China.
英语中分数的表达法口诀：子基母序，子＞1，母加s.
例如：三分之一 one third; 五分之一 one fifth;
三分之三 three thirds; 五分之四 four fifths
注意: 四分之一也可说成a quarter; 二分之一说成 a half
拓展： 分数 + of + 名词 + 谓语动词
4. Because of the large population, there is less living space for each family.
living space 生活空间
5. At the same time, the large population has caused many other difficulties for the whole nation.
(1) at the same time 同时
all the time 一直
(2) whole 强调整体，一般不能修饰不可数名词或物质名词，修饰复数名词时一般前面有数量词，
如 the whole day; three whole days
all 着重各个部分，接不可数名词/名词复数。All the days; all my advice
6. For example, it is hard for China to supply energy and water to satisfy people’s daily needs.
supply sth to sb = supply sb with sth 提供某物给某人，给某人提供某物
拓展：provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth
offer sth to sb = offer sb sth
7. So far, our government has taken many measures to control the population.
so far “到现在为止”是现在完成时的标志，谓语动词应为“have/has＋动词过去分词”形式。
8. One is known as the one-child policy.
be known as = be famous as 作为……而出名, 后加“地位/身份”。
be known for = be famous for 因…… 而出名，后加出名的原因，表示“特点特长”的名词。
9. It has worked well in controlling China’s population.
work well in sth./doing sth 在某事/做某事方面很有成效
10. Thanks to the policy, China is developing quickly and people’s living conditions are improving rapidly.
thanks to 幸亏，多用于褒义，多置于句首。
because of 因为，强调因果关系，褒贬皆可。
with the help of 由于……的帮助，多用于褒义。
thanks for 因……而感谢。
11. It has become one of the biggest social problems today.
one of + the + 形容词最高级+ 名词复数
12. There are about 1.3 billion people in China.
13 billion 13亿
billions of 数以亿计的
拓展：基数词 hundred，thousand，million，billion等前有具体数字时，它们后面不能加-s，也不带of。当这些词不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数时，则不仅要加复数词尾-s, 而且要后接介词 of, 然后才能接名词。
Section D
1. I live in a small mountain town called Fairmont.
called Fairmont 是过去分词短语作定语，修饰town。（也可以把它理解成小镇被称为……）
2. The small town is surrounded by trees.
be surrounded by 意为“被……所环绕”。（也可以通过被动语态来理解）
拓展：被动态结构：动作承受者+ be + V（过去分词）+by 动作实施者
3. People live close to nature and try to protect it.
① close v. 关上 adj. closed 关闭的
adj. 亲密的，很近的 be close to 离……很近，和……很亲密
② nature 意作为“自然”时，前不加 the natural adj. 自然的
③ try to do sth. 尽力去做某事
try doing sth. 尝试去做某事
4. They are careful with garbage and discourage cutting trees.
① care careful 仔细的，认真的 adj. carefully adv.
careless 粗心的 adj. carelessly adv.
be careful with/ about/of sth 对……小心翼翼
② courage n. 勇气 encourage 鼓励 v. encourage sb. to do sth.
discourage 使气馁，使沮丧 v. discourage doing sth.
5. There are many fine places such as Beihai Park and Tian’anmen Square where we can meet with friends to dance or listen to music.
此句为定语从句，where 作为关系副词，后面跟的从句是对前面表示地点的先行词的解释说明
6. Our public transportation is excellent, too.
四个“也”的区别
too 放于肯定句句末，单词前有逗号
either 放于否定句句末，单词前有逗号
also 放于句中
as well 放于句末，单词前无逗号
话题过关检测
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1．I am late, but (lucky) the meeting hasn’t started yet.
2．Carl did bad in maths test, but Ben did even . (bad)
3．Is it (nature) for parents to worry about their children
4．It’s (probable) the best movie I have ever seen.
5．Well, that’s the best way I could think of (reach) an agreement with the customers.
6．The aging population (老龄化人口) in China is becoming a (society) problem.
7．It is difficult for parents with young children to use the public （transport）.
8．Have you ever （take） part in an environmental club
9．—When will you share your happiness with your teacher
—As soon as she (reach) the classroom.
10．So far, no one (offer) any information about the murderer.
二、单项选择
11．I have ________ been to that place, so I don’t know how to get there.
A．ever B．never C．just D．yet
12．—I write down new words, but I forget them quickly. How can I remember them
—Do not worry. It is ________ to forget new words!
A．important B．serious C．natural D．necessary
13．Listen! There _______ the bell. The class has begun.
A．going B．went C．goes D．has gone
14．—Let’s go out for a walk after dinner.
—I’m afraid we can’t. These days, the air gets much ________, so we’d better stay at home.
A．dirty B．terrible C．better D．worse
15．I think your new short hairstyle (发型) looks ________ great.
A．simply B．loudly C．probably D．mainly
16．—What do you think of the band’s performance
—It could be ________, I think they were very nervous.
A．good B．better C．bad D．worse
17．—How do you understand the saying “A heavy rainfall makes the river full”
—Because of the great ________ in rainfall, rivers are full of water.
A．increase B．raising C．change D．drop
18．—MADE IN CHINA is more and more popular all over the world.
—Yeah! Many countries can hardly avoid _________ products made in China for people now.
A．to offer B．to provide C．offering D．providing
19．Work hard, _______ you may catch up with your classmates soon.
A．or B．but C．and D．yet
20．It’s necessary for everyone to ________ a good habit of reading.
A．improve B．raise C．develop D．increase
三、完形填空
Has your hometown changed greatly Great changes 21 in my hometown. Many women have joined in a 22 club. When they are free, they usually get together and invite some important people to give them talks. So far, they have 23 nine. Bob Smith is 24 them.
At the meeting, he said, “The world’s population has 25 6. 5 billion. It’s been one of the most serious problems of the world today. The more mouths, 26 food we need. But there is not enough food for everybody. More than 27 people in the world are hungry.”
“To our surprise,” Bob went on, “somewhere in the world, it 28 that when people get more food, they have more babies. A woman is having a baby every minute, so they have never stopped being hungry. What can we do 29 this ” He stopped and 30 for a few seconds.
Just then a woman stood up and said, “ Why not find the woman and stop her ”
21．A．happened B．have happened C．have taken place D．took place
22．A．lady B．lady’s C．ladies’ D．ladies
23．A．met B．heard C．invited D．listened
24．A．for B．between C．with D．among
25．A．reached B．arrived C．got D．arrived in
26．A．the better B．most C．the more D．the much
27．A．half of B．half of the C．the half of D．a half of
28．A．seems B．looked C．says D．read
29．A．for B．on C．in D．of
30．A．moved B．read C．waited D．laughed
四、阅读理解
A
The Chinese government ends its one-child policy （政策） and allows families to have three children. The policy is meant to balance population development, stop a falling birth rate（出生率）and strengthen the Country’s labor force（劳动力）.
China, with the largest population in the world, started the one-child policy in 1980. But the government allowed only a small number of couples to have two children. For example, some families in the countryside could have two children, if the first-born child is a girl. In 2016, the Chinese government gave other couples a chance to have two children if one of them was an only child. Because of aging of population, in 2021, it allowed families to have three children.
To the newest policy, different families have different opinions. “Too many young people in the cities are no longer interested in having two or three children,” an official said. “People in the countryside are more interested.”
At the end of 2021, China had a population of more than 1.4 billion people. A total of 900 million of them have jobs. But the labor market population will drop in 30 years. That is to say, the country will be in great need of labor by the year 2050. With the three-child policy, an increase in births can solve this problem.
Boys and girls, what do you think of the three-child policy Do you want to have new-born brothers or sisters
31．Why does the Chinese government end the one-child policy
A．Because China needs a larger population.
B．Because a falling birth rate must be stopped.
C．Because most families want to have a second or third child.
32．How long does China take from the one-child policy to the three-child policy
A．20 years. B．30 years. C．more than 40 years
33．How do most young people in the cities react （反应） to the three-child policy
A．They strongly support the policy.
B．They don’t think it is good.
C．They’re not interested in it any more.
34．When will our country be seriously short of labor if one-child policy continues
A．In 2035. B．In 2050. C．In 2070.
35．What may happen after we have the “three-child” policy
A．The population development will be balanced.
B．The labor market population will drop.
C．There will be more old people.
B
From November 1st to December 10th in 2020, China did its seventh national population census (普查). Seven million census takers have asked each family about their name, gender (性别), age, education, employment (职业) and so on. This census is different from the ones in the past. For the first time, people were encouraged to use smart phones and other digital tools (工具) to record their information.
China’s national population census began in 1953 and has been held every ten years since the fourth one in 1990. In 1953, there were about 600 million people in China. But China’s population has boomed. It was about 1.37 billion in 2010.
For the 2020’s national population census, all residents (居民) of China were included in the census. But Chinese citizens (公民) who had settled (定居) abroad and foreign citizens who were staying in China on either business or tourist visas (签证) were not counted.
“The census is very important for every citizen,” said Ning Jizhe, director of the NBS. “It will help improve infrastructure (基础建设) and public services.” For example, if census results show that there are many children living in a particular area, the government will know that it should build more schools there.
Scientists can also learn more about population growth from the census. In some years, the population grows faster than in others. Even in the same year, population growth is different in different places. Scientists can use the information to find out what causes growth in certain years and places.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
36．What can’t we know about the 2020’s national population census in China from Paragraph 1
A．When it was done.
B．Which departments took part in it.
C．What main information was included in it.
D．What the difference between it and the ones in the past is.
37．When was the fifth national population census in China done
A．In 1953. B．In 1964. C．In 2000. D．In 2010.
38．What does the underlined word “boom” mean in Chinese
A．稳定 B．波动 C．缓降 D．激增
39．Who were included in the 2020’s national population census
A．Chinese residents who are traveling abroad.
B．Chinese people who have settled in other countries.
C．Foreigners staying in China with business visas.
D．Foreign tourists staying in China for holidays.
40．Why is the national population census important
A．Because the digital tools will be used to record the information.
B．Because the government will build more schools.
C．Because it is helpful to improve infrastructure and public services.
D．Because the population in China grows faster than in others.
C
From November 1st to December 10th in 2020, China started its seventh national population census (人口普查). 7 million census takers have asked each family about their name, gender (性别), age, education, employment (职业) and so on. This census is different from the ones in the past. For the first time, people can use smartphones and other digital tools to record their information.
China has a national population census every ten years. The first one was done in 1953. At that time, there were about 600 million people in China. But China’s population has boomed. It was about 1.37 billion in 2010.
The 2020’s national population census include all residents (居民) of China. But Chinese citizens who had settled (定居) abroad and foreign citizens who were staying in China on either business or tourist visas (签证) were not counted.
“The census is very important for every citizen,” said Ning Jizhe, director of the NBS. “It will help improve infrastructure(基础建设)and public services.” For example, if census results show that there are many children living in a particular area, the government will know that it should build more school there.
41．The 2020’s national population census in China doesn’t mention people’s __________.
A．name B．transport C．education D．age
42．The fifth national population census in China is done __________.
A．in 1953. B．in 1964. C．in 2000. D．in 2010.
43．What does the underlined word “boomed” in paragraph 2 mean in Chinese
A．下降 B．包括 C．测量 D．增长
44．__________ were in the 2020’s national population census.
A．Chinese residents travelling abroad
B．People living in other countries
C．Foreigners staying in China on business visas
D．Foreign tourists staying in China for holidays
45．The national population census is important because __________.
A．people can use the digital tools to record the information.
B．the government will build more schools.
C．it is helpful to improve infrastructure and public services.
D．the population in the cities of China grows fast.
D
People begin to worry about the support capacity(能力) of the earth. There may be only standing room for each person in the future.
Lima’s population was 5.7 million in 1985 but it grew to 9.1 million in 2000. Tianjin’s was 7.9 million in 1985. In 2000, it boosted to 9.7 million. Such cities as London, Osaka, Moscow, Beijing, and Teheran are having a similar population growth. Shanghai, New York and St Paulo see a faster population explosion(爆炸). Tokyo had 18.8 million in 1985. In 2000 it changed into 20.2 million. Mexico city had 17.3 million people in 1985. But in 2000, its population reached 25.8 million.
What does the population growth mean It means greater pressure for the earth. If the government doesn’t take any action to control the population, we would have only standing room by the end of the 21st century.
46．The underlined word “boosted” in the second paragraph means ________.
A．增加 B．改善 C．进步
47．The city which had the largest population in 2000 is ________
A．Lima B．Tianjin C．Mexico
48．If the population goes on growing fast, ________.
A．There will be greater pressure for the earth
B．We will have more standing room in the future
C．The support capacity of the earth is stronger than before
49．From the passage, we know ________.
A．It is easy for us to control the population
B．We should take some action to control the population
C．We needn’t worry about the population problems
50．We can read this passage in ________.
A．a history book B．a science book C．a TV guide
五、短文填空
阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确，形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
The world’s population is growing faster and faster. The first fifty 51 (year) of the next millennium(千年) will be important for the world’s population. By 2050, population growth should have leveled off(趋平), 52 by then we’ll have 10 billion people-two thirds as many again as we have today. The rate(比率) of population growth is something we can 53 [t u:z] right now. It is a matter of human choice.
54 we want to control the population growth, we should take measures now or help the poorer countries to do so. They need better government, better groups, better labor, 55 [ k p tl] markets and better schools.
Nowadays, spending much time and money 56 (care) for a child makes many people want to have only one child. Since people often regard big families 57 safety nets for illness and old age, improving poor people’s living conditions also has a major function. What’s more, there is education for 58 women and men, 59 [p h ps] even more important, for the next generation(代). We will 60 (certain) not control the population if we cannot achieve these steps.
六、补全对话
根据下面对话的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话意思完整。
A: What are you doing, Liu Mei
B: 61 .
A: Is there anything special in the newspaper
B: Yes, it says that India will have the largest population by 2040.
A: Really 62
B: Yes, China has 1.3 billion population while India has 1.1 billion.
A: 63
B: It says that by 2040, India’s population is expected to go beyond China’s. India’s population is expected to be 1.52 billion. In the same year, China’s will be 1.45 billion.
A: Oh, I see. 64 .
B: Yes. However, it says that the population problem in China is still serious.
A: I agree. 65 .
七、书面表达
请根据提示写一篇题为“The Population Problem”的短文。80词左右。
提示： 1. 人口问题是当今世界上最大的问题之一；
2. 中国是世界上人口最多的国家；
3. 人口增长过快，将会带来许多严重的问题（请举例说明）。
The Population Problem
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单词答案：
yet adv. 还，仍
probably adv.很可能，大概
cinema n.电影院
department stor 百货公司
nearby adj.附近的，邻近的adv.在附近，
population n.人口，人数
billion num．十亿
increase v.(使)增加，(使)增大n.增加
reach v.实现；达到；够得着；到达
luckily adv.幸运地，运气好地
policy n.政策，方针
Russia n.俄罗斯
measure n.措施，方法
social adj.社会的；社交的
supply v.提供，供应n.供应量；供应
natural adj.天然的；天生的
worse adj.更差的,更糟的adv.更差,更糟
What’s worse！ 更糟糕的是
so far 到目前为止
government n.政府，内阁
thanks to sb./sth. 幸亏，由于
paragraph n.段；段落
opportunity n.机会，时机
newborn adj.新生的，初生的
percent n.百分之······
offer v.提供（东西或机会）；主动提出
surround v.围绕，环绕
garbage n.（生活）垃圾，废物，垃圾场
discourage v.阻拦，阻止；使灰心
local adj.当地的，本地的
capital n.首都；资本
huge adj.巨大的，极多的
market n.集市，市场
transportation n.运输，运送
excellent adj.极好的，优秀的
话题过关参考答案：
1．luckily
【详解】句意：我迟到了，但幸运的是会议还没开始。根据“but...(lucky) the meeting hasn’t started yet.”可知，主谓完整，此空应填lucky的副词形式修饰整个句子，lucky的副词为luckily“幸运地”。故填luckily。
2．worse
【详解】句意：卡尔的数学考得不好，但本的成绩更差。根据even可知空处填比较级，bad的比较级为worse“更差的”。故填worse。
3．natural
【详解】句意：父母担心孩子是正常的吗？作be动词的表语用形容词natural“正常的”。故填natural。
4．probably
【详解】句意：这可能是我看过的最好的电影。分析句子可知，本句不缺成分，空处在句中作状语，所以用probable的副词形式probably“大概，可能”。故填probably。
5．to reach
【详解】句意：这是我能想到的与客户达成协议的最好办法。根据“the best way I could think of ... (reach) an agreement with the customers”可知I could think of是定语从句；the best way后接动词不定式作定语，此处表示“与客户达成协议的最好方法”。故填to reach。
6．social
【详解】句意：中国的老龄化人口正在成为一个社会问题。society“社会”，名词。根据“a...problem”可知，空处需填一个形容词作定语，修饰名词“problem”。所以把“society”变为形容词social“社会的”。故填social。
7．transportation
【详解】句意：有小孩的父母很难乘坐公共交通工具。根据“public”及提示词可知，此处表示“交通工具”，英文表达为public transportation，故填transportation。
8．taken
【详解】句意：你参加过环保俱乐部吗？根据句意及句子中的“part in”可知，这里用到短语take part in“参加，加入”，且由“Have you ever”可知现在完成时，所以用过去分词。故填taken。
9．reaches
【详解】句意：——你什么时候会和老师分享你的快乐？——她一到教室。根据“As soon as she ... the classroom.”可知，此处表示老师一到教室就会和她分享快乐；as soon as引导的时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，即从句用一般现在时；主语“she”为第三人称单数，动词也要用三单形式。故填reaches。
10．has offered
【详解】句意：到目前为止，还没有人提供有关凶手的任何信息。so far“迄今为止”，是现在完成时态的标志词，主语no one为不定代词，后谓语用单数。故填has offered。
11．B
【详解】句意：我从来没有去过那个地方，所以我不知道怎么去那里。
考查副词辨析。ever曾经；never从来没有；just刚才；yet还。根据“I don’t know how to get there”可知，应是从来没有去过那个地方。 故选B。
12．C
【详解】句意：——我记下新单词，但很快就忘了。我怎么能记住它们？——不要担心。忘记新单词是很自然的。
考查形容词辨析。important重要的；serious严重的；natural自然的；necessary必要的。根据“to forget new words”和常识可知记完新单词又很快忘记是很正常的事情，即很自然，故选C。
13．C
【详解】句意：听！铃响了。开始上课了。
考查时态。going动名词形式；went动词过去式，用于一般过去时；goes动词三单形式，用于一般现在时；has gone用于现在完成时。根据“Listen!”可知应是现在时，且根据“There…the bell.”可知是倒装句，缺少谓语动词，且主语是the bell，谓语动词应用三单形式，故选C。
14．D
【详解】句意： ——晚饭后我们出去散步吧。——恐怕不行。最近，空气变得更糟了，所以我们最好待在家里。
考查比较级。dirty脏的；terrible糟糕的；better更好；worse更糟糕。根据“I’m afraid we can’t”可知，空气质量很糟糕，much后加形容词的比较级，故选D。
15．A
【详解】句意：我觉得你的新短发看起来棒极了。
考查副词辨析。simply(强调某说法)确实，简直；loudly大声地；probably可能；mainly主要地。根据“your new short hairstyle (发型) looks...great.”可知，此处是表达自己的观点，认为对方的新短发看起来简直太棒了，故选A。
16．B
【详解】句意：——你觉得这个乐队的表演怎么样？——可以更好，我认为他们非常紧张。
考查形容词辨析。good好的，原级；better更好的，比较级；bad糟糕的，原级；worse更糟糕的，比较级。根据“I think they were very nervous.”可知，他们因为紧张，要不然可以表演得更好。故选B。
17．A
【详解】句意：——如何理解“一场强降雨让河水涨满”这句话？——由于降雨量大增，河流里充满了水。
考查名词辨析。increase增加（多指量的增加）；raising增长（多指高度的增长）；change改变；drop滴。根据“A heavy rainfall”可知，此处表达降雨量很大，即降雨量“增加”。故选A。
18．D
【详解】句意：——中国制造在世界各地越来越受欢迎。——是的！现在，许多国家都不可避免地为人们提供中国制造的产品。
考查动词辨析和非谓语动词。offer主动提供，重点在于主动，搭配：offer sb. sth.；provide大批量地提供，搭配：provide sth. for sb.。根据“for people now.”可知，这里用provide sth. for sb.，为某人提供某物；这里是：avoid doing sth.避免做某事，是固定搭配，需用动名词。故选D。
19．C
【详解】句意：努力学习，你可能很快就会赶上你的同学。
考查连词辨析。or或者；but但是；and和；yet还。此处是结构“祈使句，and/or+陈述句”，前后两句为顺承关系，用and连接。故选C。
20．C
【详解】句意：每个人都有必要养成良好的阅读习惯。
考查动词辨析。improve提高；raise提高；develop培养；increase增加。根据“a good habit of reading”可知是养成阅读习惯。故选C。
21．C 22．C 23．C 24．D 25．A 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了世界人口问题，通过农村妇女加入的“女士俱乐部”，邀请约翰 史密斯做演讲来阐述世界人口的严峻现象，以及带来的饥饿、贫穷等问题。
21．句意：我的家乡发生了很大的变化。
happened发生，一般过去时；have happened现在完成时；have taken place发生，现在完成时；took place一般过去时。take place“发生，进行”，一般指某种原因或事先安排好的；happen“发生，碰巧”，强调偶然性。由于家乡的变化不是偶然的，不能用happen, 根据“Many women have joined in a…club”可知妇女已经加入了俱乐部，时态为现在完成时，可推知，家乡的变化已经发生了，也应用现在完成时，故选C。
22．句意：许多妇女加入了“女士俱乐部”。
lady女士；lady’s女士的；ladies’ 女士们的；ladies女士，复数。分析句子结构可知，空格处缺少一个限定词修饰club，应用名词所有格限定修饰 club，女士俱乐部不是一个女士的，所有女士都可参加，应用复数所有格ladies’，ladies’ club“女士俱乐部”。故选C。
23．句意：到目前为止，他们已经邀请了九个人。
met遇见；heard听到；invited邀请；listened听，遵从。根据上句“they usually get together and invite some ...”可知，她们邀请重要的人物去做报告，目前她们已邀请了九个人，故选C。
24．句意：约翰 史密斯（John Smith）是他们中的一员。
for为了，因为；between在……之间（两者）；with和……在一起；among在……中间（三者及以上）。根据上文“So far, they have invented nine.”可知，John Smith 是他们其中之一，应用among， 故选D。
25．句意：世界人口已经达到65亿。
reached达到；arrived 抵达，加地点时需要先加介词in/at；got 得到，加地点时需要先加介词to，意为“到达”；arrived in抵达，到达，后接大地点。由于本句主语是“The world’s population”，表示世界人口已经达到6.5 billion，表示“达到（数目）”"用reach，符合题意，故选A。
26．句意：嘴越多，我们需要的食物就越多。
the better越好；most最多；the more越多；the much错误形式。根据上一句“It’s been one of the most serious problems of the world today.”和“The more mouths, …food we need”可知嘴越多，需要的食物越多，此句句型是“The more... the more..”，意为“越……就越……”。故选C。
27．句意：世界上超过一半的人是饥饿的。
half of……的一半，后接名词必须是half of+the+名词；half of the一半……；the half of……的一半，特指；a half of……的一半，泛指。根据“More than…people in the world are hungry.”可知，此处指世界上超过一半的人，people后面有“in the world”，表示特指，应用定冠词the修饰，half of the people in the world意为“世界上 人口的—半”，故选B。
28．句意：人们似乎发现，当人们获得更多食物时，他们就会生下更多的婴儿。
seems似乎，像是；looked 看，瞧；says说（第三人称单数）；read阅读，理解。固定句型“It seems that +句子”，意思是“似乎是当人们有更多的食品，他们就会有更多的孩子”，故选A。
29．句意：为此我们可以做什么？
for为了；in在……内；on在……之上；of 属于，……的。根据“A woman is having a baby every minute, so they have never stopped being hungry.”及下文“Just then a woman stood up and said...”可知，此处要表达为了减少饥饿，女人们正在讨论能否为此做点什么，应用for，for this意为“为这件事（减少饥饿）”。故选A。
30．句意：他停下来，等待了几秒钟。
moved移动；read 阅读；waited等待；laughed嘲笑。根据“He stopped”可知，此处是停下来，只有wait在意思上具有一致性，故选C。
31．B 32．C 33．C 34．B 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述的是中国结束独生子女政策并且实行全面开放二胎和三孩政策，以及这种政策的原因。
31．细节理解题。根据“The policy is meant to balance population development, stop a falling birth rate （出生率） and strengthen theCountry’s labor force （劳动力）.”可知，中国政府终止独生子女政策是因为必须阻止出生率的下降。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“China, with the largest population in the world, started the one-child policy in 1980.”和“In 2016, the Chinese government gave other couples a chance to have two children if one of them was an only child. Because of aging of population, in 2021, it allowed families to have three children.”可知，中国从独生子女政策到三孩政策经历了四十多年。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“‘Too many young people in the cities are no longer interested in having two or three children,’ an official said.”可知，城市中的大多数年轻人对三孩政策不感兴趣。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据“That is to say, the country will be in great need of labor by the year 2050. With the three - child policy, an increase in births can solve this problem.”可知，如果独身子女的政策继续下去，我们国家到2050年会严重缺乏劳动力。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据“That is to say, the country will be in great need of labor by the year 2050. With the three - child policy, an increase in births can solve this problem.”可知，也就是说，到2050年，这个国家将非常需要劳动力。在三孩政策下，增加出生率可以解决这个问题，由此推出国家实行“三孩”政策后，人口发展将达到平衡。故选A。
36．B 37．C 38．D 39．A 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍第七次人口普查，以及人口普查的范围和意义。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段“From November 1st to December 10th in 2020, China did its seventh national population census…”可知，我们可以了解第7次人口普查的时间、普查的主要信息以及与过往人口普查的区别是什么，未提到人口普查由哪个部门进行。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段“China’s national population census began in 1953 and has been held every ten years since the fourth one in 1990.”可知，从1953年起，人口普查是每10年一次，第4次人口普查是1990，由此推知第5次人口普查应在2000年。故选C。
38．词义猜测题。根据第二段“In 1953, there were about 600 million people in China. But China’s population has boomed. It was about 1.37 billion in 2010.”可知，1953年，中国的人口是6亿，而2010年中国的人口为13.7亿，中国的人口增长得较快；由此推知，boom在此表示“激增”。故选D。
39．推理判断题。根据第三段“For the 2020’s national population census, all residents of China were included in the census. But Chinese citizens who had settled abroad and foreign citizens who were staying in China on either business or tourist visas were not counted.”可知，2020年的人口普查中，中国所有的居民都被纳入了人口普查范围；但在国外定居的中国公民，以及持有商务或旅游签证而留在中国的外国公民不在统计之列。由此推知，2020年的人口普查包括了出国旅游的中国居民。故选A。
40．细节理解题。根据第四段“It will help improve infrastructure and public services.”可知，人口普查有助于改善基础设施和公共服务。故选C。
41．B 42．C 43．D 44．A 45．C
【分析】本文介绍了中国第七次全国人口普查情况。时间是2020年11月1日至12月10日，有700万人口普查员参与调查，询问每个家庭的姓名、性别、年龄、教育、就业等等。人们第一次可以使用智能手机和其他数字工具记录信息。人口普查对每个公民都非常重要。这将有助于改善基础设施和公共服务。
41．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“7 million census takers have asked each family about their name, gender (性别), age, education, employment (职业) and so on.”可知中国2020年的人口普查包括姓名、性别、年龄、教育、职业等，没有交通，故选B。
42．推理判断题。根据第2段第1句“China has a national population census every ten years.”和第1段第1句“From November 1st to December 10th in 2020, China started its seventh national population census (人口普查).”可知2020是第7次人口普查，中国每十年进行一次人口普查，所以推断，第5次人口普查是在2000年，故选C。
43．词义猜测题。根据“At that time, there were about 600 million people in China…It was about 1.37 billion in 2010.”可知中国的人口从6亿增长到13.7亿。由此可推知，此句“But China’s population has boomed.”句意为“但中国的人口已经激增。” “boomed”的意思为“激增，增长”，故选D。
44．细节理解题。根据第3段“The 2020’s national population census include all residents (居民) of China. But Chinese citizens who had settled (定居) abroad and foreign citizens who were staying in China on either business or tourist visas (签证) were not counted.”可知2020年的全国人口普查包括所有中国的居民。但是不包含已经定居外国的中国公民和 持商务或旅游签证在中国停留的外国公民。由此可知，选项A“中国居民出国旅游”包含在内，故选A。
45．细节理解题。根据第四段中““The census is very important for every citizen,” said Ning Jizhe, director of the NBS. “It will help improve infrastructure(基础建设)and public services.””可知，全国人口普查很重要，因为它有助于改善基础设施和公共服务。故选C。
46．A 47．C 48．A 49．B 50．B
【分析】本文主要讲述了如今人口问题已经非常严重，并举例说明了一些城市的人口增长情况。
46．词义猜测题。根据“Tianjin’s was 7.9 million in 1985.”可知，1985年天津的人口为790万，根据“In 2000, it boosted to 9.7 million.”可推测，句意应为2000年增加到970万，所以第二段中带下划线的单词“boosted”的意思是增加，故选A。
47．细节理解题。根据第二段“Lima’s population…but it grew to 9.1 million in 2000. Tianjin’s…In 2000, it boosted to 9.7 million. Mexico city…But in 2000, its population reached 25.8 million.”可知，2000年人口最多的城市是墨西哥城，故选C。
48．细节理解题。根据第三段“What does the population growth mean It means greater pressure for the earth.”可知，人口增长意味着地球面临更大的压力，所以如果人口继续快速增长, 地球将承受更大的压力，故选A。
49．推理判断题。根据最后一段“If the government doesn’t take any action to control the population, we would have only standing room by the end of the 21st century.”可知，如果政府不采取任何行动来控制人口，到21世纪末我们将只有站立的空间，由此可推断，我们应该采取一些行动来控制人口，故选B。
50．推理判断题。本文是关于人口的问题，所以应该在科学类的书上能看到，故选B。
51．years 52．and 53．choose 54．If 55．capital 56．caring 57．as 58．both 59．perhaps 60．certainly
【导语】本文主要讲述了世界人口增长越来越快，我们应该采取措施来控制人口增长过快。
51．句意：下一个千年的前五十年对世界人口来说将是重要的。“fifty”后接可数名词复数，year的复数形式是years。故填years。
52．句意：到2050年，人口增长应该已经趋于平稳，到那时，我们将有100亿人口，是现在的三分之二。分析空格前后句可知，此处表并列，用“and”连接。故填and。
53．句意：人口增长率是我们现在可以选择的。根据音标可知，空格处填“choose”，“can”后接动词原形。故填choose。
54．句意：如果我们想控制人口增长，我们现在就应该采取措施，或者帮助贫困国家这样做。分析空格前后句可知，该句是“If”引导的条件状语从句。故填If。
55．句意：他们需要更好的政府、更好的群体、更好的劳动力、资本市场和更好的学校。根据音标可知，空格处填“capital”，capital market“资本市场”。故填capital。
56．句意：如今，花费大量的时间和金钱来照顾一个孩子使得许多人只想生一个孩子。spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，空格处填动名词作宾语。故填caring。
57．句意：由于人们经常将大家庭视为疾病和老年人的安全网，改善穷人的生活条件也具有重要作用。regard sth. as sth.“将某物视为某物”，动词短语。故填as。
58．句意：此外，受教育对女人和男人，或许对下一代来说更重要。根据“women and men”可知，此处表达教育对女人和男人“都”重要，both… and…“两者都……”。故填both。
59．句意：此外，受教育对女人和男人，或许对下一代来说更重要。根据音标可知，空格处填“perhaps”，此处副词修饰形容词。故填perhaps。
60．句意：如果我们不能实现这些步骤，我们肯定不会控制人口。空格处修饰动词“control”，填副词，certain的副词形式是certainly。故填certainly。
61．I’m reading the newspaper 62．Doesn’t China have the largest population in the world 63．When will India have the largest population 64．One-child policy has worked well in China 65．We still have a long way to go
【导语】本文是刘梅和A的对话，主要在讨论印度人口将会在2040年前超过中国，中国的人口问题依然很严重。
61．根据“What are you doing, Liu Mei ”和“Is there anything special in the newspaper ”，可知此处意为“我正在看报纸”，主语“我”用主格“I”，“看报纸”read the newspaper。该句时态为现在进行时，谓语动词是am/is/are+动词现在分词，read现在分词为reading。故填I’m reading the newspaper。
62．根据上下文，可知空处意为“中国不是世界人口最多的国家吗？”。“中国”China，“世界人口最多”the largest population，“世界上”in the world，谓语动词用“有”have，该句为一般疑问句，结构为助动词+主语+动词原形+其他。主语是名词单数，时态为一般现在时态，助动词用do的单三does，该句为反问语气，用助动词的否定doesn’t，放句首首字母大写。故填Doesn’t China have the largest population in the world。
63．根据“It says that by 2040, India’s population is expected to go beyond China’s.”，可知上文是问印度什么时候会有最多的人口，“什么时候”when，特殊疑问词，“印度”India，“有最多的人口”have the largest population。该句为特殊疑问句，结构为特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(助动词+主语+动词原形+其他)，时态为一般将来时态，助动词用will。故填When will India have the largest population。
64．根据“India’s population is expected to be 1.52 billion. In the same year, China’s will be 1.45 billion.”，可知同年中国的人口少于印度，说明中国控制人口的政策起作用了，空处意为“独生子女政策在中国行之有效”。“独生子女政策”one-child policy作主语，“在中国”in China地点副词，放句末，“行之有效”work well。该句为现在完成时，谓语动词为have/has+动词过去分词，work过去分词为worked，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数has。故填One-child policy has worked well in China。
65．根据“However, it says that the population problem in China is still serious.”，可知中国的人口问题依然很严重，空处意为“我们还有很长的路要走”。“我们”作主语，用主格we，“仍然，还”副词still，放在实意动词前，“有”谓语动词have，“很长的路”宾语a long way，“要走”to go，不定式作定语。故填We still have a long way to go。
66．例文
The Population Problem
It is reported that the world’s population is growing faster and faster. The population is one of the biggest problems in the world today. China has the largest population with more than 1.3 billion. It’s about one fifth of the world’s population. The large population causes lots of problems. There is less living space for each family, and it is difficult for lots of people to find jobs. Most cities are more crowded than before, and the traffic is much heavier. Natural environments are becoming worse and worse. I think we should take measures to control the population growth.
【详解】1. 题干解读：题目要求根据提示要点，写出人口问题是当今世界上最大的问题之一以及中国是人口最多的国家等，并介绍因人口增长带来的一些问题，可以适当的发挥，写作时要运用正确的英语表达，要选用恰当的词汇和短语。
2. 写作指导：写作时要紧扣主题，本文应该用第三人称来介绍内容；时态采用一般现在时；在介绍内容时，力求语言准确，内容完整，保证行文连贯，条理清晰。
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