Unit4 Topic1 单元知识梳理+话题过关检测（带答案详解）（九年级英语上册仁爱版）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023-2024年九年级英语上册单元知识梳理+话题过关检测（仁爱版）
Unit4 topic1
一、单词过关
1 ________________ n.火箭
2 ________________ n.金属
3 ________________ n.卫星
4 ________________ n.宇宙飞船
5 ________________ n.锁v.锁上,被锁住
6 ________________ n.手提电脑
7 ________________ adj.数码的,数字的
8 ________________ n.电灯泡
9 ________________ n.飞机
10 ________________ adj.耐磨的
11 ________________ n.朝鲜;韩国
12 ________________ n.发明,创造
13 ________________ v.列清单n.名单,目录,清单
14 ________________ n.彩色铅笔(粉笔、蜡笔)等
15 ________________ 想法,主意；think 过去式/过去分词
16 ________________ adj.愚蠢的,傻的
17 ________________ v.集思广益,动脑筋
18 ________________ v.估值,评价,评估
19 ________________ adj.详细的
20 ________________ v.重新设计
21 ________________ n.想象力;想象
22 ________________ n.气球;热气球
23 ________________ n.枪,炮
24 ________________ n.机器人
25 ________________ n.探险者,勘探者
26 ________________ n.标示;记号v.做记号
27 ________________ n.体系,方法,制度
28 ________________ adj.人造的;非天然的
二、课本知识点梳理
Section A
1. Because I was not allowed to play computer games last night.
be(not) allowed to do sth. (不)被允许做某事
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
allow doing sth.允许做某事
2. It’s bad for your health if you spend too much time on them.
be bad for
It's+adj+（for/of sb）+to do sth. 做某事对于某人来说是...
3. Kangkang shows a model to Jane.
(1) show sb. sth =show sth. to sb. 给某人展示某物
show sb. around 带某人参观
on show 展出、上演
(2) Kangkang shows a model to Jane. = Kangkang shows Jane a model.
转为被动语态：Jane is showed a model by Kangkang.
带双宾语句子的被动语态。如把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语则需在间宾前加for或to, 有buy,
give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell等词。
Eg: 1. He gave me (间接宾语) a book(直接宾语).
—— I (间宾) was given a book by him.
—— A book (直宾) was given to me by Tom.
2. I bought him a book.
—— He was bought a book by me.
—— A book was bought for him by me.
4. It was made by me.
What’s it made of
What’s the paper made from
be made of “由…做成”，of看得出原材料
be made from“由…做成”，from看不出原材料
be made by“被谁制作的”
be made in “在哪里制作的”
be made up of “由…组成”
5. It’s used for sending satellites or spaceships into space.
(1) be used for (doing) sth. /to do sth“被用来做”
be used as“被用做”
be used by“被谁所用”
used to do sth. “过去常常做某事”
be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”
(2) send into “把…送入”
send up “发射, 长出”
send for “派人去请(拿)”
6. I hope your dream will come true.
come true 实现，主语为sth.，而realize 和achieve主语为人。
make one’s dream realized/real实现某人的梦想
realize/achieve one’s dream.实现某人的梦想
Section B
1. It’s said that he invented more than two thousand things during his life.
(1) It’s said that: 据说
It says that: 写着；说到...
(2) during one’s life = in one’s life 在某人的一生
2. Jane, let’s go this way.
go this way = take/come this way = This way, please. 走这边
Look! An airplane, but it’s different from today’s.
(1) A be different from B
A be different from B in sth.
There are some differences between A and B
(2) A be the same as B
A be similar to B
At that time, they didn’t call jeans and they were just hard-wearing pants designed for workers.
(1) at that time 在那时 用过去时态
(2) design for... 为......设计
Section C
1. An invention may be a new product or a new way of doing things.
may be 可能是
must be 一定是
can be 很可能是
2. Inventions come about in many ways.
come about 通常与“how”同时出现, 常用于疑问句、否定句。
发生 happen
（无被动） take place
3. There are a few simple steps to follow in the invention process.
follow steps 遵循步骤
rules 遵守规则
4. Many people laughed at the Wright brothers and said they would never fly.
laugh n 笑声 （可数）
v. 笑 laugh at sb./sth. 嘲笑/ 讥笑
5. But they weren't discouraged by what people said.
discourage doing sth 使……沮丧/ 阻止……
encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人去做某事
courage n. 勇气
6. Share your inventions with others.
share sth. with sb. 与......分享......
Section D
1. That was a big question when we first explored our world long ago.
The early explorers found that the stars in the sky were good guiding marks.
explore v. 冒险
explorer n. 冒险者，冒险家
2. Using the stars, they could find out where they were and in which direction they were going.
find out 找到 (代词放中间) find them out
3. This method worked well at night as long as the weather was good and the stars could be seen.
as long as 只要，和……一样长
被动语态 be + done
4. But it didn’t work so well during the rest of the time.
work well 有效，工作得好，运行得好
话题过关检测
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1．Mr. White said his children were not to use mobile phones before the age of 13. (allow)
2．Last night the whole building (damage) by the big fire.
3．I was about her age. (mistake)
4．June 8th was by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day. (name)
5．To be a good person, one should draw a clear line between good and bad.(divide)
6．—How wonderful Beijing Daxing International Airport looks!
—Yes, I think so. And it （build）in 2019.
7．—Are you in Paris on business or for (please)
—I’m on my vacation.
8．Thanks to the (invent) of the smart phones, it’s convenient to take photos anytime.
9．—Why did you leave that position
—I was (offer) a better position in another factory.
10．We can write down our (think) and feelings in our diaries.
二、单项选择
11．A new Children’s Palace ________ in our city. My father was one of the builders.
A．builds B．built C．is built D．was built
12．My brother ________ with happiness when he knew he had been accepted by his dream high school.
A．fills B．filled C．is filled D．was filled
13．—Don’t look through your mobile phone, Jimmy. The car ________ hit you.
—Sorry, I was just checking an important email.
A．suddenly B．nearly C．clearly D．quickly
14．—Mom, flowers for you. Happy birthday!
—Thanks, my son. The flowers ________ so sweet.
A．smell B．sound C．look D．taste
15．Siheyuan is a kind of ___________ building around China with a history of more than 3,000 years.
A．central B．traditional
C．musical D．national
16．—Lucy, what have you learnt from the history class
—Paper ________ first ________ about 2000 years ago in China .
A．is...invented B．is...inventing C．was...invented D．was...inventing
17．—Why could Jim make so much ________ in English
—He made a decision to be a tour guide.
A．invention B．theme C．progress D．fear
18．The lecture about how ________ efficient at work ________ Business School.
A．being; was organized by B．to be; was organized by
C．be; was organizing by D．to be; was organized to
19．The play Teahouse ________ by the famous Chinese writer Lao She.
A．was written B．writes C．wrote
20．—Do you hear that he saved the little boy
—Yes, we all ________ him for his courage.
A．warn B．punish C．admire D．remain
三、完形填空
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
Modesty (谦逊) is a valuable quality in many cultures around the world. In China, there is no 21 . But the phrase “Mao Sui recommending himself” seems to disagree with this.
During the Warring States Period, the Qin army 22 Handan, Zhao. Seeing that Handan was in danger, Prince Pingyuan decided to look for help from the State of Chu. He wanted to 23 twenty talented people to go with him. However, he could 24 find 19 people who were good enough. Then, a man named Mao Sui volunteered. Prince Pingyuan looked at Mao Sui with doubt, “ 25 did you come here with me ” “Three years ago,” Mao Sui answered.
“I hear that a person with talent is like an awl (锥子) in a cloth bag. Its sharp point will soon pierce through the bag. You’ve been here for a long time, but I haven’t seen any of your 26 . Maybe you don’t have any talent,” said Prince Pingyuan.
“What I’m asking you now is to put me into that bag and show my talent. If you do that, I will pierce through it. But not only the point — the whole awl,” Mao Sui said 27 .
Impressed by him, Prince Pingyuan allowed Mao to join his team, and Mao’s hard work finally 28 . Now the phrase “Mao Sui recommending himself” is used to 29 someone who volunteers to do a task.
However, there is a fine line between self-confidence and arrogance. It’s important to believe in yourself, but a strong ego can harm your career and professional relationships. So we recommend letting your work 30 for itself.
21．A．difference B．difficulty C．survey D．support
22．A．dealt with B．got on with C．played with D．fought with
23．A．consider B．pick C．connect D．divide
24．A．still B．only C．ever D．already
25．A．Why B．Where C．What D．When
26．A．achievements B．customers C．manners D．standards
27．A．widely B．confidently C．worriedly D．regularly
28．A．went off B．put off C．paid off D．took off
29．A．push B．refuse C．beat D．describe
30．A．speak B．wait C．ask D．care
四、阅读理解
A
Here’s how to make a model submarine (潜水艇) that dives and comes up from underwater like a real one.
You’ll need Plastic bottle; Tape(胶带); Four coins; Thin rubber or plastic tube(管子); Waterproof modeling clay(防水黏土)—not real clay, which dissolves(溶解) in water; Small scissors; Tub(盆).
You’ll follow 1. Cut two small holes on one side of the bottle. Tape coins to that side of the bottle. Remove cap; seal (密封) the tube to the bottle with clay.2. Fill tub with water; put bottle in and let it fill with water. 3. Gently blow into the tube and watch what happens. Stop blowing and close the tube with your thumb. Lift your thumb and watch what happens.
You’ll see When you blow, air pushes out water; the bottle becomes lighter and comes up. Bottle sinks when it fills with water and coins weight it down. Coins keep holes pointing downward, so air does not escape. When you stop blowing and seal the tube with your thumb, the bottle floats. Lift your thumb, air escapes through the tube and the bottle sinks. A real submarine works this way, by filling tanks with air or water.
根据短文内容选择正确答案。
31．The experiment shows how to make a ________.
A．plastic bottle B．model submarine C．real clay D．rubber boat
32．The materials that make a model submarine are the following EXCEPT ________.
A．a plastic tube B．real clay C．four coins D．scissors
33．If you blow into the tube, ________.
A．the bottle will fill with water B．the bottle will be empty
C．the bottle will sink D．the bottle will rise
34．The way to make the bottle sink is to ________.
A．tape the holes B．keep sealing the tube
C．fill it with water D．blow more air in
35．Mary made a model submarine, but it can’t float. What might be the problem
A．She cut holes on the opposite side of the bottle.
B．She taped coins to the bottle.
C．She blew too much air into the bottle.
D．She used waterproof modeling clay.
B
What is it that makes us different from machines We have created AI programs that can do many of the same things we can. There are software programs that can play chess, drive cars and solve complex（复杂的）math problems.
But what about the more creative works of mankind Art, music, poetry—these are inspired not by logic or reason, but by emotion. The greatest writers and artists in history were mainly motivated（激发）by their thoughts and feelings. And yet, we have indeed created AI that can produce creative works.
In October 2018, the famous British auction（拍卖）house Christie’s auctioned a painting titled Portrait of Edmond de Belamy. The painting is a simple portrait（肖像）of a man. But it sold for an impressive $432,500 (about 3 million yuan). What made the painting so appealing It was painted by a AI program, written by Obvious, a group of artists based in Paris who used algorithms（算法）—maths metical formula（公式）—to create it, according to Artnet News.
Besides painting, AI has entered the world of poetry as well. In April 2018, Chinese and Japanese researchers wrote an AI program that uses images to write poems. The AI looks at shapes and colors in given image and translates them into words and phrases. The poems were then shown to 500 human judges—including 30 English majors. The judges were asked whether they could tell if the poems were written by a human or a computer. As many as 40 percent of the judges mistakenly thought the poems were written by a human.
AI can also help humans write music. US tech company IBM has created a software system called Watson Beat that is capable of writing songs. Not even journalists are safe from the advancement of AI. In fact, the world’s first AI news presenter（主播）was recently unveiled in China. Xinhua’s AI news presenter made “his” debut（首秀）on Nov 7. Although his voice and appearance are a bit stiff, he was described as a good first effort by Noel Sharkey, an AI professor at the UK’s University of Sheffield.
With its ability to create paintings, poetry and music, one has to wonder how different AI is from the creative minds of mankind.
36．What was special about the painting Portrait of Edmond de Belamy
A．It was of great artistic value.
B．It was a portrait of a famous man.
C．It was the most detailed portrait in history.
D．It was painted by an AI program.
37．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．In 2018, Chinese and Japanese researchers hold a competition to use images to write poems.
B．The AI translates the given image into words and sentences.
C．200 judges thought the poems which wrote by an AI program were written by a real human.
D．In fact, humans write poems better than a computer.
38．Watson Beat is ________ who can write songs.
A．a singer B．a musician C．a software system D．a robot
39．The underlined word “stiff” in the sixth paragraph is closest in meaning to ________.
A．machine-like B．unfriendly C．exciting D．boring
40．What is the article mainly about
A．AI programs are putting humankind in danger.
B．AI programs are able to produce creative works.
C．AI programs can be more creative than humans.
D．AI programs have a negative influence on our life.
C
The world’s largest cruise ship (游轮)—Wonder of the Seas set sail for the first time on Friday, March 4, 2022 from Florida to the Caribbean Sea. In May, it began a new journey to the Mediterranean from Barcelona, and explored the Caribbean shores from Port Canaveral in November 2022.
The ship is 362 meters long, which is 30 meters longer than the Titanic but surprisingly, it travels slower than it. The ship would reach the top of New York’s Empire State Building if it was standing. Wonder of the Seas has rooms for 6, 988 guests and 2, 300 crew (全体工作人员) members, and weighs more than 237, 000 tons, which beats its 2018 sister Symphony of the Seas by more than 8, 700 tons.
The 18-deck ship arrived in Florida on February 20 this year. It has eight neighborhoods, including Central Park, which is filled with real plants from one end of the deck to the other. There are twenty restaurants, four swimming pools, a children’s water park, a full-size basketball court, an ice-skating area, a 1, 400-seat theater, and two 13-meter rock-climbing walls.
Royal Caribbean began building the ship in France in 2019. Michael Bayley, president of the company, said, “We’re excited to welcome guests across the world to Wonder of the Seas and the ship will certainly give guests different experiences.” He said the company’s skills and advice from guests meant the company could create something with a world-class level”
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
41．Why is the Empire State Building mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．To prove that the ship can stand.
B．To tell us how long the ship is.
C．To explain who owns the ship.
D．To show where passengers can visit.
42．Which of the following statements is TRUE about the ship
A．Wonder of the Seas is 30 meters shorter than the Titanic.
B．Wonder of the Seas is older but weighs more than Symphony of the Seas.
C．The largest ship set sail on Friday from Barcelona to the Caribbean Sea.
D．Wonder of the Seas is a 18-deck ship with rooms for 9,288 people.
43．What could not passengers do on the ship
A． B．
C． D．
44．Which words can best describe Michael Bayley
A．Excited and confident. B．Curious and honest.
C．Clever and funny. D．Kind and joyful.
45．What is the best title for the passage
A．Wonder of the Seas: a Record-Setter in Travel
B．Be Ready to Welcome the Wonder of the Seas
C．The World’s Largest Cruise Ship Set on Its First Sail
D．Activities You Can’t Miss on the World’s Largest Cruise Ship
D
Most 97-year-olds would probably feel satisfied getting out of bed in the morning. John B Goodenough, 97, just won the Nobel Prize in chemistry. He is the oldest person to win the Nobel Prize. He won the award with Stanley Whittingham and Akira Yoshino for their contributions(贡献) to the development of lithium-ion batteries. They will receive equal shares of the 9 million Swedish kronor prize.
“Live to 97 and you can do anything,” Goodenough said in a statement. “I’m honored and shocked to win the Nobel Prize. I thank all my friends for the support and assistance throughout my life.”
Born in 1922 in Jena, Germany, Goodenough earned a PhD from the University of Chicago in 1952. He went on to work at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, then at the University Oxford, where he served as the head of the Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, and made the discovery that helped him win the Nobel. Then he went to the University of Texas at Austin in 1986, where he now works.
Whittingham developed the first functional(功能性的) lithium-ion battery in the early 1970s but Goodenough was able to double the battery’s power in 1980. Five years later, based on the discovery of Goodenough, Yoshino created the first commercial lithium-ion battery—the first one that entered the market in 1991. It changed our lives from then on. It has laid the foundation of a wireless society, and are of the greatest benefit to humankind.
“I’m extremely happy the lithium-ion batteries have helped communications around the world.” Goodenough said in a conference call with reporters. “We are indeed happy that people use this for good but not evil.”
Even at the age of 97, he continues to develop new battery concepts with researchers in his lab. He is now largely focused on developing a new kind of batteries as they can offer better safety.
46．What’s Goodenough’s contribution to the development of lithium-ion battery
A．He made the battery’s power double.
B．He invented the wireless lithium-ion battery.
C．He developed the first functional lithium-ion battery.
D．He created the first commercial lithium-ion battery.
47．How old was Goodenough when he came from the University of Chicago
A．30 B．52 C．58 D．97
48．What does the underlined word “commercial” in paragraph 4 mean in the passage
A．Providing goods for free. B．Buying and selling goods.
C．Making advertisement for goods. D．Selling goods in a successful way.
49．Which of the following is the right order
a. Goodenough won the Nobel Prize in chemistry.
b. Goodenough was able to double the battery’s power.
c. Goodenough went to the University of Texas at Austin.
d. Goodenough earned a PhD from the University of Chicago.
A．a c b d B．a c d b C．d b c a D．d c b a
50．What is the best title of the passage
A．Goodenough—the oldest man to win the Nobel Prize
B．Goodenough—the greatest man to win the Nobel Prize
C．Lithium-ion battery—the latest invention in the world
D．Lithium-ion battery—the greatest invention in the world
五、语法填空
阅读下面材料并填空，有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式, 但每个答案不多于3个单词。把答案写在答题卡小题的横线上。
China is the home of tea. However, tea, the 51 (popular) drink in the world, was invented by accident. It is 52 (say) that Shen Nong discovered tea as a drink about 5000 years ago. One day Shen Nong was 53 (boil) drinking water over 54 open fire. Some 55 (leaf) from a tea plant fell into the water. It produced a nice smell so he 56 (taste) the brown water. It was quite delicious. So one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented. A few thousand years later, Lu Yu mentioned Shen Nong in Cha Jing. It describes how tea plants were grown and used 57 (make) tea. It is believed that tea 58 (bring) to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didn’t appear 59 around 1660. The tea trade 60 China to Western countries took place in the 19th century.
六、补全对话
根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。
A: Hello! This is Amy speaking. 61
B: Yes, please. This is Tom speaking.
A: Can I ask you some questions
B: Sure, please!
A: 62
B: Invention My favorite invention is the mobile phone.
A: 63
B: Because I can chat with friends and watch interesting videos with it. What’s yours, Peter
A: My favorite invention is the Internet. Without it, we can’t chat with our friends or watch any videos.
B: That’s true. 64
A: It was invented in 1969. By the way, do you like cars
B: Certainly. I dream of buying a red sports car when I grow up. 65
A: I will invent a car that can fly in the sky so that I can go anywhere in it.
A: Wow, that’s an amazing idea. Thank you for your answer.
B: You’re welcome.
七、书面表达
假设你是李磊，你的美国笔友Tony发来一封邮件，他想要了解一些中国古代著名历史人物的故事，请你根据以下提示给他写一封回信。
司马光砸缸的故事：
1. 司马光7岁时，有一天和小伙伴们在花园玩耍；
2. 突然， 一个小伙伴掉进水缸（water tank）中；
3. 其他小孩都吓坏了，司马光却砸破了水缸并将小伙伴救出。
注意：
1. 要点齐全， 行文连贯，可适当发挥
2. 词数： 80词左右（信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数）；
3. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
Dear Tony,
Good to hear from you. I’m so glad to tell you the story of Sima Guang.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Bye for now,
Li Lei
单词过关答案：
1 rocket n.火箭
2 metal n.金属
3 satellite n.卫星
4 spaceship n.宇宙飞船
5 lock n.锁v.锁上,被锁住
6 laptop n.手提电脑
7 digital adj.数码的,数字的
8 bulb n.电灯泡
9 airplane n.飞机
10 hardwearing adj.耐磨的
11 Korea n.朝鲜;韩国
12 invention n.发明,创造
13 list [l st] v.列清单n.名单,目录,清单
14 crayon n.彩色铅笔(粉笔、蜡笔)等
15 thought 想法,主意；think 过去式/过去分词
16 silly adj.愚蠢的,傻的
17 brainstorm v.集思广益,动脑筋
18 evaluate v.估值,评价,评估
19 detail adj.详细的
20 redesign v.重新设计
21 imagination n.想象力;想象
22 balloon n.气球;热气球
23 gun n.枪,炮
24 robot n.机器人
25 explorer n.探险者,勘探者
26 Mark n.标示;记号v.做记号
27 system n.体系,方法,制度
28 man-made adj.人造的;非天然的
话题过关检测参考答案：
1．allowed
【详解】句意：怀特先生说他的孩子们不允许13岁之前用手机。his children与allow之间是动宾关系，因此用被动语态，allow过去分词为allowed。故填allowed。
2．was damaged
【详解】句意：昨天晚上整个建筑物被大火烧毁了。根据“Last night”可知，时态是一般过去时，且“the whole building”是被毁坏，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were done，主语是三单，系动词填was，damage过去分词是damaged。故填was damaged。
3．mistaken
【详解】句意：我误解了她的年龄。根据“I was…about her age.”以及所给提示词，可知此处应是be mistaken about“对……有误解”，故填mistaken。
4．named
【详解】句意：联合国于2009年将6月8日定为世界海洋日。分析句子可知，主语“June 8th”和谓语动词name之间是动宾关系，所以该句为一般过去时的被动语态，be动词was后跟动词的过去分词named，故填named。
5．dividing
【详解】句意：要做一个好人，就应该在好与坏之间划清界限。根据空后的“line”可知，空缺处用divide的形容词dividing作定语，dividing line“分界线”。故填dividing。
6．was built
【详解】句意： ——北京大兴国际机场看起来真漂亮！——是的，我也这么想。它建于2019年。build和主语it之间是被动关系，结合“in 2019”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，助动词用was。故填was built。
7．pleasure
【详解】句意：——你在巴黎是出差还是游玩？——我在度假。please“使满意”，是动词，此处应填名词，pleasure“休闲，娱乐，消遣”符合语境， 故填pleasure。
8．invention
【详解】句意：由于智能手机的发明，随时随地拍照都很方便。根据“Thanks to the...of the smart phones”可知是由于智能手机的发明，定冠词the后加名词invention“发明”。故填invention。
9．offered
【详解】句意：——你为什么离开那个职位？——我在另一家工厂得到了一个更好的职位。offer“提供”，此处谓语和主语I之间是被动关系，此处用过去分词和be动词构成被动语态。故填offered。
10．thoughts
【详解】句意：我们可以把我们的想法和感受写在日记里。根据横线前“our”和后面“and feelings”可知，此处需填“think”的名词形式“thought”，且thought为可数名词，故此处应填其复数形式，与后面feelings保持一致。故填thoughts。
11．D
【详解】句意：我市新建了一个少年宫。我父亲是建造者之一。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语“A new Children’s Palace”和谓语“build”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据“My father was one of the builders.”可知时态为一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
12．D
【详解】句意：当我哥哥知道他被梦想中的高中录取时，他充满了幸福。
考查时态和语态。主语“My brother”与动词fill之间是动宾关系，结合“knew”可知用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done。be filled with“充满”。故选D。
13．B
【详解】句意：——吉米，别刷手机了。那辆车差点撞到你了。——抱歉，我刚刚正在查看一封重要的电子邮件。
考查副词辨析。suddenly突然；nearly差一点；clearly明显地；quickly快速地。根据“The car…hit you.”可知此处指那辆车差一点撞到了，应用副词nearly来表示。故选B。
14．A
【详解】句意：——妈妈，给你的花。生日快乐！——谢谢你，我的儿子。这花闻起来如此甜。
考查动词辨析。smell闻起来；sound听起来；look看起来；taste尝起来。根据“The flowers ... so sweet.”并结合常识可知花儿闻起来甜，用smell。故选A。
15．B
【详解】句意：四合院是中国的一种传统建筑，已有3000多年的历史。
考查形容词辨析。central中央的；traditional传统的；musical音乐的；national国家的。根据“Siheyuan”可知，四合院是一种传统建筑。故选B。
16．C
【详解】句意：——露西，你从历史课上学到了什么？——纸最早是在2000年前在中国发明的。
考查时态。主语“Paper”和动词invent是动宾关系，结合时间状语“about 2000 years ago”可知句子是一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
17．C
【详解】句意：——为什么吉姆在英语方面取得这么大进步？——他决定当导游。
考查名词。invention发明；theme主题；progress进步；fear恐惧。make progress表示“取得进步”，为固定搭配。故选C。
18．B
【详解】句意：关于在工作中如何有效的讲座有商学院组织。
考查不定式结构和被动语态。第一空为“疑问词+不定式”结构，所以排除AC选项；分析句子，主语“The lecture”与谓语动词organize之间是被动关系，所以第二空应用被动语态“be done”，由“by”引出动作的执行者。故选B。
19．A
【详解】句意：话剧《茶馆》是中国著名作家老舍写的。
考查动词的时态和语态。根据主语“The play Teahouse”及“by the famous Chinese writer Lao She”可知，表达被动含义，用一般过去时的被动形式“was written”。故选A。
20．C
【详解】句意：——你听说他救了那个小男孩吗？——是的，我们都钦佩他的勇气。
考查动词辨析。warn警告；punish惩罚；admire钦佩，赞赏；remain仍然是。根据“...him for his courage”和选项可知，应是钦佩他的勇气。故选C。
21．A 22．D 23．B 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．A
【导语】本文以中国古代“毛遂自荐”的典故告诉人们要相信自己，但也要把握好分寸，切勿过度自我。
21．句意：在中国也不例外。
difference不同，差别；difficulty困难；survey调查；support支持。根据“Modesty (谦逊) is a valuable quality in many cultures around the world.”可知，谦逊在很多国家是宝贵的品质，在中国也没有“差别”。故选A。
22．句意：在战国时期，秦军和赵国在邯郸交战。
dealt with处理；got on with相处；played with和……玩耍；fought with和……交战。根据“Seeing that Handan was in danger”可知，一方有危险，可知两国在交战。故选D。
23．句意：他想选20个有才能的人和他一起去。
consider考虑；pick挑选；connect连接；divide分。根据“find 19 people”可知，是选20个人。故选B。
24．句意：然而，他只能找到19个足够优秀的人。
still仍然；only只；ever曾经；already已经。根据“twenty talented people”可知，需要找20个人，现在只找到19个。故选B。
25．句意：你是什么时候来这里追随我的？
Why为什么；Where哪里；What什么；When当……时候。根据“Three years ago”可知，回答的是时间，因此是问什么时候来的。故选D。
26．句意：你已经来这里很久了，但是我还没有看到你的任何成就。
achievements成就；customers顾客；manners礼貌；standards标准。根据“Maybe you don’t have any talent,”可知，平原君猜测毛遂没有才能是因为没有看到他的成就。故选A。
27．句意：毛遂自信地说。
widely广泛地；confidently自信地；worriedly担心地；regularly有规律地。根据“What I’m asking you now is to put me into that bag and show my talent. If you do that, I will pierce through it. But not only the point — the whole awl,”可知，此处是毛遂自信地请求平原君给他机会展示自己的才能。故选B。
28．句意：毛遂的努力最后得到回报。
went off离开；put off拖延；paid off得到回报；took off起飞。根据“Prince Pingyuan allowed Mao to join his team”可知，平原君允许毛遂加入队伍，所以是努力得到回报。故选C。
29．句意：现在成语“毛遂自荐”被用于描述自愿完成任务的人。
push推；refuse拒绝；beat打败；describe描述。根据“someone who volunteers to do a task”可知，此处指成语“毛遂自荐”描述的内容。故选D。
30．句意：所以我们建议你让你的工作为自己发声。
speak说；wait等；ask问；care关心。根据“So we recommend letting your work…for itself.”可知，此处指让工作为自己说话。故选A。
31．B 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文介绍了如何制作一个潜水艇模型。
31．细节理解题。根据“Here’s how to make a model submarine (潜水艇) that dives and comes up from underwater like a real one.”可知，这个实验展示了如何制作潜水艇模型。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“Plastic bottle; Tape(胶带); Four coins; Thin plastic tube(管子); Waterproof modeling clay(防水黏土)—not real clay”可知，塑料瓶、胶带、硬币、薄橡胶或塑料管、防水造型粘土不是真正的粘土，因此不包括真实粘土。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据“When you blow, air pushes out water; the bottle becomes lighter and comes up.”可知，当你吹气时空气会排出水，瓶子变轻并上升。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据“Bottle sinks when it fills with water and coins weight it down.”可知，当它装满水和硬币时，瓶子下沉。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据“Cut two small holes on one side of the bottle”以及“When you stop blowing and seal the tube with your thumb, the bottle floats. Lift your thumb, air escapes through the tube and the bottle sinks.”可知，如果瓶子漏气就会下沉不能漂浮，上文提到在瓶子的一侧剪两个小孔，但如果小孔开在瓶子的两侧，则这个潜水艇模型不会浮起来。故选A。
36．D 37．C 38．C 39．A 40．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些能够产生创造性作品的人工智能。
36．细节理解题。根据“It was painted by a AI program, written by Obvious, a group of artists based in Paris who used algorithms（算法）—maths metical formula（公式）—to create it, according to Artnet News.”可知，它是由一个人工智能程序绘制的。故选D。
37．推理判断题。根据“The poems were then shown to 500 human judges—including 30 English majors.”和“As many as 40 percent of the judges mistakenly thought the poems were written by a human.”可知，这些诗歌随后被展示给包括30名英语专业学生在内的500名评委。多达40%的评委错误地认为这些诗是人类写的。也就是200名评委认为这些AI写的诗是人类写的。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据“US tech company IBM has created a software system called Watson Beat that is capable of writing songs.”可知，美国科技公司IBM创建了一个名为Watson Beat的软件系统，可以写歌。故选C。
39．词句猜测题。根据“Although his voice and appearance are a bit stiff, he was described as a good first effort by Noel Sharkey, an AI professor at the UK’s University of Sheffield.”可知，尽管他的声音和外表有点僵硬，但英国谢菲尔德大学人工智能教授诺埃尔·沙基将他描述为一个出色的第一次尝试。因此stiff意为“僵硬的，呆板的”，在此与machine-like“像机器一样的”意思最接近。故选A。
40．主旨大意题。根据“And yet, we have indeed created AI that can produce creative works.”可知，本文主要介绍了一些能够产生创造性作品的人工智能。也就是说，人工智能程序能够产生创造性的作品。故选B。
41．B 42．D 43．A 44．A 45．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了3月份世界上最大的游轮“海洋奇迹号”在美国佛罗里达州开启首航。这艘游轮长362米，可同时容纳6988名游客和2300名工作人员，游轮上的配套设施相当完善，称得上世界一流。
41．推理判断题。根据“The ship is 362 meters long, which is 30 meters longer than the Titanic but surprisingly, it travels slower than it. The ship would reach the top of New York’s Empire State Building if it was standing.”可知，这艘游轮如果立起来可达到纽约帝国大厦的顶部，由此可推知文中提到帝国大厦是为了形象地描述这艘游轮的长度。故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据“The 18-deck ship arrived in Florida on February 20 this year.”和“Wonder of the Seas has rooms for 6, 988 guests and 2, 300 crew (全体工作人员) members”可知，游轮“海洋奇迹号”有18层甲板，可容纳9288人。故选D。
43．细节理解题。根据“There are twenty restaurants, four swimming pools, a children’s water park, a full-size basketball court, an ice-skating area, a 1, 400-seat theater, and two 13-meter rock-climbing walls.”可知，游客可在游轮上游泳、打篮球、滑冰、看电影和攀岩等，未提到踢足球。故选A。
44．推理判断题。根据“Royal Caribbean began building the ship in France in 2019. Michael Bayley, president of the company, said, ‘We’re excited to welcome guests across the world to Wonder of the Seas and the ship will certainly give guests different experiences.’ He said the company’s skills and advice from guests meant the company could create something with a world-class level”可推知，Michael Bayley是兴奋且自信的。故选A。
45．最佳标题题。根据“The world’s largest cruise ship (游轮)—Wonder of the Seas set sail for the first time on Friday, March 4, 2022 from Florida to the Caribbean Sea.”和通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了3月份世界上最大的游轮“海洋奇迹号”在美国佛罗里达州开启首航。故选C。
46．A 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了John B Goodenough在锂电池领域做出的贡献。
46．细节理解题。根据“Whittingham developed the first functional(功能性的) lithium-ion battery in the early 1970s but Goodenough was able to double the battery’s power in 1980.”可知，Goodenough对锂离子电池的发展中使电池的功率加倍。故选A。
47．细节理解题。根据“Born in 1922 in Jena, Germany, Goodenough earned a PhD from the University of Chicago in 1952”可知，Goodenough30岁时从芝加哥大学获得博士学位。故选A。
48．词句猜测题。根据“Five years later, based on the discovery of Goodenough, Yoshino created the first commercial lithium-ion battery—the first one that entered the market in 1991. It changed our lives from then on.”Yoshino发明了第一个商用锂离子电池——第一个进入市场的锂离子电池，可知划线部分commercial“商用的”与选项B“买卖商品”意思相近。故选B。
49．细节理解题。根据“Born in 1922 in Jena, Germany, Goodenough earned a PhD from the University of Chicago in 1952”“Whittingham developed the first functional(功能性的) lithium-ion battery in the early 1970s but Goodenough was able to double the battery’s power in 1980.”“Then he went to the University of Texas at Austin in 1986, where he now works.”“John B Goodenough, 97, just won the Nobel Prize in chemistry.”可知，Goodenough1922年出生于德国，1952年在芝加哥大学获得博士学位；早在1980年，Whittingham研制出第一块功能齐全的锂离子电池，而Goodenough在1980年就将电池的功率提高了一倍；1986年，他去了德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校，现在在那里工作；John B Goodenough97岁，刚刚获得了诺贝尔化学奖。故选C。
50．最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了John B Goodenough在锂电池领域做出的贡献以及他是年纪最大获得诺贝尔奖的人，选项A“Goodenough——诺贝尔奖获得者中年纪最大的人”符合题意。故选A。
51．most popular 52．said 53．boiling 54．an 55．leaves 56．tasted 57．to make 58．was brought 59．until 60．from
【导语】本文主要介绍了茶的起源以及发展历史。
51．句意：然而，世界上最受欢迎的饮品茶是偶然被发明的。此处是"the+最高级+比较范围"，表示茶是世界上最受欢迎的饮品，popular最高级是most popular。故填most popular。
52．句意：据说大约5000年前神农发现了茶是一种饮品。It is said that…“据说……”，固定用法。故填said。
53．句意：有一天神农正在明火上煮水喝。此处be动词was与动词现在分词boiling构成过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作。故填boiling。
54．句意：有一天神农正在明火上煮水喝。此处fire表示具体的火，是可数名词，open是元音音素开头的单词，冠词应用an。故填an。
55．句意：一些树叶从茶树上掉进水里。some后跟可数名词复数leaves。故填leaves。
56．句意：这产生了一种很好闻的气味，所以他尝了这种棕色的水。根据“produced”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词填过去式tasted。故填tasted。
57．句意：它描述了茶树是怎么生长的以及如何用来做茶的。be used to do sth“被用来做某事”，因此填不定式to make。故填to make。
58．句意：人们认为茶叶是在公元6世纪和7世纪被带到韩国和日本的。主语tea和bring存在被动关系，应使用被动语态，且根据“during the 6th and 7th centuries”可知，时态是一般过去时，因此此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were done，主语是不可数名词，系动词填was。故填was brought。
59．句意：在英国，直到1660年左右茶才出现。not…until…“直到……才”，固定用法。故填until。
60．句意：从中国到西方国家的茶叶贸易发生在19世纪。from…to…“从……到……”，固定搭配。故填from。
61．May/Could I speak to Tom 62．What’s your favorite invention/What invention do you like best/Which invention do you like best 63．Why do you like it/Why is it (your favorite) 64．When was it invented 65．What about you/How about you
【导语】本文主要是两个人讨论最喜欢的发明的一则对话。
61．根据“This is Amy speaking”及“This is Tom speaking”可知，要跟Tom通电话，故填May/Could I speak to Tom。
62．根据“Invention My favorite invention is the mobile phone”可知，询问对方最喜欢的发明是什么，故填What’s your favorite invention/What invention do you like best/Which invention do you like best。
63．根据“Because I can chat with friends and watch interesting videos with it”可知，询问为什么喜欢它，故填Why do you like it/Why is it (your favorite)。
64．根据“It was invented in 1969”可知，询问什么时候发明的，故填When was it invented。
65．根据“I dream of buying a red sports car when I grow up”及“I will invent a car that can fly in the sky so that I can go anywhere in it.”可知，询问对方的情况，故填What about you/How about you。
66．例文：
Dear Tony,
Good to hear from you. I’m so glad to tell you the story of Sima Guang.
Sima Guang was one of the most famous persons in ancient China. One day, when he was 7 years old, he was playing with his friends in a courtyard. A boy suddenly fell into a big water tank. The other children were so frightened that they didn’t know what to do next. Sima Guang thought of a way. He picked up a large stone and broke the water tank. The water in it ran over soon and the boy was saved at last. Everyone praised Sima Guang’s cleverness and calmness.
I hope you will enjoy the story.
Bye for now,
Li Lei
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为电子邮件；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“司马光砸缸”故事的介绍要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图，点明主题；
第二步，详细介绍司马光砸缸故事的前因后果；
第三步，书写结语。表达自己的希望。
[亮点词汇]
①play with和……一起玩
②fall into跌入
③think of想到
④pick up拿起
[高分句型]
①Sima Guang was one of the most famous persons in ancient China. (“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”句型)
②when he was 7 years old, he was playing with his friends in a courtyard.(when引导的时间状语从句)
③The other children were so frightened that they didn’t know what to do next.(so...that引导的结果状语从句)
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