2024届高考英语二轮复习语法：情态动词 课件（52张）

(共52张PPT)
高考英语语法情态动词
2023.07.09
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情态动词的用法
PART 01
can
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①一般性能力或者将来可以做的事情
Can you speak Spanish？
Who can answer this question？
Can you come tomorrow
I can call you tomorrow.
can
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②表示允许
You can park your car here.
You can phone me after six this afternoon.
can
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③表示可能性，一般都是用否定或者疑问句中
That can’t be Mary-----she’s in hospital.
There’s someone outside-----who can it be
can
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④表示说话者震惊、不解
How can that be true
How can you believe such a man
Could
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①过去的能力
When I was young, I could climb any tree in the woods.
I could drive a car before I left school.
Could
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②可能性，但是可能性比can要低，它可以是过去的可能性，也可以是现在的可能性。
He said the news could be true.
Someone is knocking at the door . Who could it be
You could be right , I suppose.
Could
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③表示一种委婉的请求，回答用can
-Could you show me the way
-Yes, I can.
Could
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④表示惊讶、震惊、不解
Could this be true
How could you be so careless
Could
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⑤表示虚拟语气
I wish I could fly.
If I were you , I could pass the test.
may
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①也是委婉的请求，但是比could语气更弱
May I use your phone
May I come in
May I leave this wit you
may
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②允许
You may come in if you wish.
You may not take photos in the museum.
may
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③可能性，不过可能性比could弱
Anna may know the phone number.
He may come very soon.
may
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④表示祝愿，一般都是放在句首
May you have a good time.
May you be happy.
may
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⑤目的状语从句
Open the window so the fresh air may come through.
Speak clearly so that they may understand you.
might
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①表示请求许可
He asked if he might go home.
He was wondering if he might use the computer.
might
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②可能性，可能性比may弱，可以用于现在也可以用于过去
He told me he might be late.
He might come tomorrow, but I am not quite sure.
might
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May/might/can/could
Can为一般性或理论性的可能性，而不是要发生的或正在发生的可能性，may表示实际发生的可能性。Could和might类似，但could可能性比might大
I can take the bus to school ,but I may walk tomorrow.
John could/may/might come this evening.
must
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①
You must cut down on smoking.
Cars mustn’t park in front of the entrance.
否定形式：
Mustn‘t表示禁止
Needn‘t表示不必
表示规定，必要性，强调说话人的主观语气
you must take the cost into consideration
must
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②表示推测，有理有据，可能性较大
Jack and Dick must be twins . They look so much alike.
She is wearing a long face. She must be angry.
must
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③表示对于对方的不满、惊讶，如果用第二人称往往有挖苦嘲讽的意思，有“偏要”的含义在里面
Must you waste so much time
Why must it rain on Sunday
must
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④“不得不”的意思
I must say , you are looking extremely well.
I must admit, l was looking forward to it then.
Should和ought to
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①必须，必要性
You ought to /should be more careful next time.
You ought not to /should not let out the secret.
Should和ought to
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②表示推测
She ought to/should pass her chemical final.
Jeffrey ought to/should be there by now.
Should和ought to
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③表示惊奇“怎么可能”
How should I know
It is strange that you should say that.
It is surprising that Mary should love such a person as Jack.
Will/would
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①表示会、能
I will help you if you meet with trouble.
Please come here over the weekend if you will.
She said she would try her best to help me.
Will/would
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②表示请求，用“won’t you”请求更强烈
Will you come this way , please
Will you join us for a drink
Won’t you go and have a coffee with us.
Would you open the window, please
Will/would
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③表示一种规律性
You will fall if you don’t work hard.
Man will die without air.
You will regret if you waste your time.
shall
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①第一人称或第三人称表示请求
Shall we meet at the school gate tomorrow morning
Shall I have a look at your new car
Shall mary come in, sir
shall
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②第二人称或第三人称，表示承诺或者威胁
You shall get what you want if you work hard.
He shall be fined if he doesn’t listen to the teacher.
shall
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③表示义务，应该做什么（规则、法令）
Members of the club shall pay for legistration.
Students shall wear school uniforms in the school.
Need
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①表示“不必”，常常用否定形式
You needn’t come if you are busy.
We needn’t hurry , for there is plenty of time.
I don’t think you need worry.
Need
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②用于疑问句中表示“需要”，否定用needn’t，肯定用must回答
Need I come tomorrow
Yes ,you must// No, you needn’t
Used to
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Used to 过去常常
Be used to doing习惯于
We used to go there every year.
He is not what he used to be.
It used to be believed that sugar could decay the teeth.
He didn’t use to go to work by bike.
Had better
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最好
We had better get there before it gets dark.
you’d better not talk so loudly.
What had we better do next.
Have to
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必须
have to 和must的区别：must表示说话人的主观意愿，have to 是客观事实
I have to be off now. My mum is expecting me.
The little boy has to do lots of housework, for his parents have been suffering from illness.
Be able to
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Be able to能够，和can差不多
I am not able to answer your question.
Are you able to type
Be able to
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Was/were able to 与could的区别：was/were able to强调过去成功做成某件事，而could表示客观拥有这种能力，他没有强调这种能力实施的结果
The math problem was hard but I was able to work it out.(过去成功做成)
By the time she was eight , she could read Greek and Latin.(客观拥有这种能力)
Be able to
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Be able to与can的区别:
Be able to可以用于一般式、将来时、完成时，而can只有一般和过去两种
Will you be able to come tomorrow 将来
I am sorry I haven’t been able to answer your letter in time过去.
He seemed able to speak two foreign languages.一般
情态动词后接完成时的用法
PART 02
Must have done
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Must have done表示推测“一定……”一般用于肯定句
He must have attended the party last night.
Jack must have read the book before.
It must have rained last night, for the road is all wet.
Can/could have done
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Can/could have done：一般用于否定句或者疑问句表示“肯定没有”
He can’t have taken it home.
I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She couldn’t have spoke at the meeting
You could have stayed with me when you were in this city on business.
Needn’t have done
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Needn’t have done
①表示不必
②不可能（可能性较低）
I needn’t have taken the umbrella, for the weather is fine.
You needn’t have told them again . I have told them already.
习题
PART 03
习题
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-_______ you interrupt打扰、打断 now can’t you see I am on the phone
-sorry Sir, but it’s urgent.
答案
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-must you interrupt now can’t you see I am on the phone
-sorry Sir, but it’s urgent.
习题
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I an going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _____ find the money
Can
Might
Would
Need
习题
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I an going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _____ find the money
Can
Might
Would
Need
习题
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-one of our rules is that every student _____wear uniform while at school.
Might
Could
Shall（规则、法令的必要性、必须做什么）
will
习题
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-one of our rules is that every student _____wear uniform while at school.
Might
Could
Shall
will
习题
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Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but ____ say where he was.
mustn’t
Shouldn’t
Wouldn’t
Mightn’t