2024届高考英语习语和交际用语课件(共42张PPT)

(共42张PPT)
习语与交际用语
A：Break a leg on your final!
B：Thanks, I will do my best.
A：Can I check your bag I suspect that you are cheating.
B：Of course. I don’t have skeleton in my closet.
A：Her name rings a bell, but I don’t remember where we met.
break a leg本义“断一条腿”。有一种说法是，相传淘气的精灵(elf)会让与愿望相反的事发生。于是人们故意说“祝你断一条腿”，希望借此骗过那些精灵。最早用于演出前预祝成功，现在使用更加广泛，相当于good luck。
Ring a bell本义是“鸣钟”，在大脑中有钟声回荡，即表示“听起来耳熟，唤起记忆”。
skeleton 是指骷髅, 而 closet 是指衣柜的意思, 各位不难想象, 一个人把骷髅藏在自己的衣柜里做什么 一定是有不可告人的秘密。
如：“burn one’s boats/bridges ”，此习语中的 “bridges”被美国人使用， 原意是指古罗马朱力斯· 凯撒大军船越过 Rubicon 后就把船烧了，以此来告诉士兵后路已断，只有前进，相当于汉语中的破釜沉舟,背水一战
一、源于历史故事或历史事件
英语习语的来源
英语习语可以分为俗语（colloquialisms）， 谚语（proverbs），俚语（slang），典故（allusions），和短语动词（phrasal verbs）等
Eg：I know this is going to make us very unpopular with the voters, but we have no choice. There is no other way to pay for everything except to raise income taxes. We'll just have to bite the bullet.
bite the bullet这个习惯用语和打仗有关。据说过去战时治疗伤员的时候没有麻药，只好让他们咬着子弹，而且这个子弹还必须是铅作的。为什么一定是铅作的呢？铅比较软，伤员的牙齿不会受伤。如果是坚硬的其他金属，伤员的牙齿就可能被咬碎呀。意思是咬紧牙关忍受痛苦，或是硬着头皮做不愉快的事情
二、源于《圣经》，神话、寓言故事及其他文学作品，如莎士比亚
an apple of discord:
apple of one's eye see the handwriting on the wall
an ey for an eye, a tooth for a tooth
Achilles' heel
Helen of Troy
The Trojan Horse
Greek gift(s)
any subject of disagreement and contention;the root of the trouble;dispute
the weakest spot (致命的弱点 )
a beautiful girl or woman; a beauty who ruins her country ;a terrible disaster brought by sb or sth you lke best (红颜祸水等）
the hidden danger; the convert wreckers(暗藏的危险；奸细）
a gift with some evil purposes of the enemy;one given with intention to harm (阴谋害人的礼物；黄鼠狼拜年-不安好心）
“kill the goose to get the eggs ”源于希腊寓言 , 说的是有一个乡下人 , 因为发财心切杀了自己饲养的那只能下金蛋的鹅 , 以为如此就可一次获得全部想像中的金块 , 但其结果一无所获。现比喻贪图眼前利益 , 没有长远打算。
“a feather in your cap ”汉译为“值得荣耀的事、荣誉” , 源于广泛流行于亚洲和美洲印第安人中的一种风俗 : 每杀死一个敌人就在头部或帽子上插一根毛 , 以此来显示战绩与荣誉。
三、源于民间风俗
1.—Oh, my God! What's wrong with you
—I was going the normal speed limit when a truck appeared in front of me __ and I didn't have time to stop.
A. between the lines B. around the clock
C. out of the blue D. over the moon
Practice：
feel blue blue and black
once in a blue moon blue blood
2.—You know what Our boss invited me to the awards ceremony next Sunday.
— Really You are a _______.
A. blue-eyed boy B. black sheep
C. white elephant D. yellow dog
yellow
be a weed
be caught red-handed in red see red a red letter day
in the black black sheep call white black
tickled pink in the pink
green fingers green hand green with envy
white as a sheet white lie white elephant
I have been very careful about spending money lately, so now my account is _______.
A. tickled pink B. in the red
C. in the black D. green with envy
I’m _______to hear that Bob has asked Mary to marry him. I’ve always thought they were made for each other.
A. green with envy B. white as a sheet
C. black and blue D. tickled pink
.—Why does he wear a raincoat on sunny days
—Nor do I understand. He is_______.
A. a wet blanket B. a lazy bone
C. a black sheep D. an odd fish
—Mum, we’ve searched at least 5 stores, but still cannot find one that suits my taste. —Be patient, dear. _________ .
A. The best fish swim near the bottom.
B. One’s meat is another man’s poison.
C. A bad workman always blames his tool.
D. The lion is not so fierce as he is painted.
cold fish
fish in troubled water
fish in the air
have bigger/other fish to fry
there are plenty more fish in the sea
be a big fish in a small pond
teach fish to swim
用来形容态度冷冰冰的人；冷漠的人
浑水摸鱼
缘木求鱼
有更重要的事情要做
天涯何处无芳草
小地方的大人物
班门弄斧
the top dog every dog has its day
wake a sleeping dog as strong as a horse
as stubborn as a mule as busy as a bee
as poor as a church mouse as sly as a fox
A fox may grow gray, but never good
A leopard cna't change its spots
as hungry as a lion kill the fatted calf
Daniel in the lion’s den eat like a bird ．
have butterflies in your stomach
have ants in one's pant warm a snake in one’s bosom
a dark horse cry wolf a snake in the grass
don't count your chickens until they are hatched
a bird in hand is worth two in the bush
get on your high horse
put the cart before the horse
When the cats are away the mice will play
—This is a precious opportunity for us and our company.
—You’re right. We’re hoping this is a long-term opportunity, and not just _______.
A. a drop in the ocean B. a big fish in a small pond
C. a storm in a teacup D. a flash in the pan
— Mom, I’d really like to go to the beach today.
— I’m afraid you can’t. You’d better _______ and stay home to prepare for your exams.
A. jump the gun B. bite the bullet
C. break the ice D. hit the spot
Jump the gun ： 在正式鸣枪之前就先跑了。在在日常生活中老美用这个词表示太早行动（start too early)‘在时机尚未成熟之前，仓促行动。
Hit the spot means to satisfy one's need
the pot calls the kettle black
call a spade a spade
miss the boat
burn the midnight oil
on paper
五十步笑百步
直言不讳 speak frankly and directly
错过宝贵的机会
熬夜工
理论上in theory
—I have been considering cancelling the project because it seems hard to go farther.
—But it’s too early to ___ now. There’s still much hope.
A. pick up the pieces B. throw in the towel
C. go through your paces D. jump down your throat
根据西洋拳赛惯例，拳手每打完为时三分钟的一个回合，都可以休息一分钟，用海绵或者毛巾擦去身上汗水准备再战。假如拳手眼看要给对方击倒了，那么，他的教练或者副手可以把他擦身用的海绵或者毛巾扔进拳击场里，表示自己这一方认输了，拳手不会擦身再战了，请裁判停止比赛。所以，throw in the sponge/towel现在往往引伸为“认输”、“放弃”的意思。
jump down the throat
跳进某人的嗓子里。这个词组的意思是突然对某人发飙。
Though our football boys are faced with four goals behind, they are still struggling hard in the field to _______.
A. face the music B. save face
C. cost their arm and leg D. land on their feet
The Spanish National Football Team is such a superb one that they can _______.
A. get their hands dirty B. have their hands full
C. lay their hands on us D. beat us hands down
get your hands dirty： 做体力工作；体力劳动: 自己动手、亲力亲为
have one's hands full，直接翻译的意思是“两只手都满了”，可以引申为“忙得不可开交”、“腾不出手来”或者“有很多事情要做”。
get/lay/put your hands on sb:找到，抓到某人
hands down 轻而易举地，不费吹灰之力地
all ears
be all thumbs
pull ones leg
give sb the cold shoulder
laugh off one's head off
off the top of one's head
an arm and a leg
on one's last legs
see eye to eye
justice has long arm
keep one's feet on the ground
get cold feet
let your hair down
bit one's tongue
beat one's brain out
raise (one's) eyebrows
—What do you think of your preparations for the final exams
—Not so good. Actually I feel like _______ for I’ve made little progress in Maths.
A. Daniel in the lion’s den B. Achilles’ heel
C. a good Samaritan D. a sacred cow
Scrooge
Jonah
a Herculean task
a good Samaritan
David and Goliath
Jekyll and Hyde
To rob Peter to pay Paul
--- a character who is extremely mean .（吝啬鬼）
带来不幸的人
极为艰巨的工作
心地善良，乐于助人的人
以弱胜强
双重人格者，两面派
拆东墙补西墙
1 Although Mr. Jenkins wanted to buy a new computer as quickly as possible, he decided to _______ to see where he could find the best deal.
A. sink or swim B. push your luck
C. burn the midnight oil D. shop around
2 —I think it was Jason who stole my document.
—_____! I know him. He’ll not do that sort of thing.
A. All ears B. I’m broke
C. Fat chance D. It’s all Greek to me
3 -----I was informed that you won the lottery
—Are you kidding Maybe I will win a lottery when ___.
A. you cry for the moon
B. pigs fly
C. all good things come to an end
D. you get a new lease on life
1 Although Mr. Jenkins wanted to buy a new computer as quickly as possible, he decided to _______ to see where he could find the best deal.
A. sink or swim B. push your luck
C. burn the midnight oil D. shop around
sink or swim：自力更生，成败全靠自己
push one's luck这个习惯用语的意思就是，有点儿运气就得寸进尺，贪心不足
shop around:逐店选购(指比较价格贵贱、质量优劣)
The prices are variable so shop around by all means.
到处寻找(某物或某人)
I’m shopping around for an apartment for my friend
Eg： Last time you did pass the exam, but don't push your luck this time. It's much more difficult
2—I think it was Jason who stole my document.
—_______! I know him. He’ll not do that sort of thing.
A. All ears B. I’m broke
C. Fat chance D. It’s all Greek to me
fat chance:机会很少；某件事发生的可能性极小=slim chance
This contract is written in such complicated language that it’s all Greek to me.
一窍不通;对于我来说，就是天书
I’m broke:我破产了
3 -----I was informed that you won the lottery
—Are you kidding Maybe I will win a lottery when _____.
A. you cry for the moon B. pigs fly
C. all good things come to an end
D. you get a new lease on life
pigs fly'就表示不切实际，不可能发生的事，或者字面意思和实际意思相差甚远
lease 本身是租约，租契；那么a new lease of life 即“新的生命力” “生机”, 可以用来形容人和物。
have a new lease of life =get a new lease of life 有新的生命力，获得生机
give sth. a new lease of life= breathe new life into sth. 给...以新的生命力， 给...赋予生机
4 —I keep on meeting with difficulties in the experiment. I can hardly go on.
—Where there are difficulties, there are ways to get over them. _______.
A. Suit yourself. B. Good for you
C. Pull yourself together! D. What’s the deal
5 —This week I got fired, hurt my leg, and had my wallet stolen. —_______.
A. Do as the Romans do B. Don’t cry for the moon
C. It’s a bed of roses D. It never rains but it pours
4 —I keep on meeting with difficulties in the experiment. I can hardly go on.
—Where there are difficulties, there are ways to get over them. _______.
A. Suit yourself. B. Good for you
C. Pull yourself together! D. What’s the deal
pull oneself together：get control of oneself；get into a mood of preparedness振作起来；做好…的思想准备
What 's the deal =What 's the matter/What's up
What's the big deal
What a good deal!
有什么大不了的
真便宜
good for you一般对应三层意
1.Congratulations 祝贺你!
I've heard a lot about you, you got married, right Good for you
2. 真为你高兴
Good for you，you finally passed your test.你通
3.You deserve it 这是你应得的.
Good for you，you deserve it as much as anyone.
还有2层比较负面的意思：
1.对对方的发言表示反讽
You wanna teach me a lesson，really？ good for you.
2.对对方的发言表示敷衍
5 —This week I got fired, hurt my leg, and had my wallet stolen.
—_______.
A. Do as the Romans do B. Don’t cry for the moon
C. It’s a bed of roses D. It never rains but it pours
it never rains but it pours:祸不单行
bed of roses 指的是舒适、安逸的状态，表示事事顺心，相反用法就是not a bed of roses， 用来形容事情不尽如人意、不完全称心，也可以说 not all roses。
交际用语
交际最基本的要求是：委婉、有礼、得体、连贯、符合文化习惯。
在答题时 , 不少考生犯的错误主要有下面四点 :
1、受母语思维干扰，错误应用汉语式英语。
---Sorry, I couldn’t come to the party. I was sick that day
---_____.
A.I don’t know that
B.That’s all right
C.Yes, we’ll have another party
D.No, the party wasn’t held
B
--Thank you ever so much for the present you brought me.
---___.
A.No, thanks B.I’m glad you like it
C.Please don’t say so D.No, it’s not so good
B
---Hello. May I speak to Bill, please
---___.
A.Bill speaking B.I’m Bill
C.You are speaking to Bill D.I’m speaking.
A
—Would you mind my coming over and having a look at your new garden My little son’s curious about those roses you grow.
—_____________. You’re welcome.
A. Yes, I do B. Never mind
C. Yes, please D. Not at all
D
---You’ve given us a Wonderful English dinner, Mrs.Smith.
---___.
A.Oh, I’m afraid I didn’t cook very
B.I’m glad you enjoyed it well
C.Come again when you are free
D.It’s not necessary for you to say so
B
—How did you find your visit to Qingdao, Joanna
—_________
A. Oh, wonderful indeed
B. I went the alone
C. First by train and then by ship
D. A guide showed me the way
A
How do you find sth.
What do you think of….
How do you like..
2、把握不住英语中问答的固定搭配习惯，答非所问
.—_______.
—Thank you. I certainly will.
A. Have a nice weekend
B. Please remember me to your parents
C. Don’t forget to post the letters
D. Let me help you
B
A
—Sorry to have broken your glass.
—_______. You didn’t mean to, did you
A. Forget it B. No problem
C. All right D. Don’t say so
remember me to sb
send my regards/best wishes to sb
--May I take a week's holiday I'd like to see my
niece in London.
-- Forget it
休想，不可能
--- “could we put off the meeting ”she asked
-- “________,”he answered politely. “This is the only day everyone is available
A Not likely B Not really
C Not nearly D Not exactly
3、对英语中形近词把握不准
B
not really:used to say “no” or “not” in a less strong way 不， 不是（表示不太强烈的否定）
not exactly:used as a reply to show that what someone has said is not completely correct or true 不完全如此
---You hate Lee, don’t you
--Not exactly. I just think he’s a bit annoying, that’s all.
-I’m so sorry for stepping on your foot.
---________________.
A That's right B All right
C That's all right D I'm all right
c
That's all right: 没关系，不介意 -----sorry
不用谢-----thank you
----I think you won the game
---That's right
-Let's go to the zoo. -All right
-How is your mother --She's all right, thank you.
I hope everything is all right
对的，正确
(=OK).
用在系动词be(am, is, are)之后，表示健康状况，意思是“健康状况良好”，相当于“fine”或“well”。
表示“一切顺利，令人满意”
—Going to watch the Women’s Volleyball Match on Wednesday
—_______! Will you go with me
A. I bet B. You bet
C. You got me there D. You know better
B
我敢肯定，我相信
A
.—That’s the third time you’ve done that!
—Yeah, _______
A. what of it B. what’s on
C. what if D. what for
what of it 相当于 so what
---Tina，I'm gonna get married this month. Can you be my braidsmaid
---____________-! It's all of a sudden.
A. You can say that again
B. Anything you can say
C. You don't say.
D. You said it.
anything /whatever you say:随便你，由你吧（尤指说话人因不想引起争执而接受某人观点）
C
.—Could you do me a favor and take these books to my office
—Yes, ________.
A. with pleasure B. it's a pleasure
C. my pleasure D. for pleasure
A
With pleasure. 意为＂非常乐意＂，当别人请自己帮忙时，自己爽快的接受（伴随着快乐）。
A pleasure. = My pleasure = It’s a pleasure. 意为＂不用谢＂，当别人表示感谢时用它来回答
Don't mention it
think nothing of it/It was nothing 别放在心上，没什么
－ Do you think our basketball team played very well yesterday
－ ____________.
A. they were not nervous at all.
B. They were still young
C. They played naturally.
D. They couldn ’t have done better
4、弄不清题干语境，错误理解对话人意图 .
D
---My children are always arguing.
---___
A.Just leave them alone.
B.That’s right.
C.Are you sure
D.How old are the boys
A
—I will pick you up at 7 o’clock tomorrow morning. Is that all right
—_______. See you then.
A. I’d love to. B. That’s settled.
C. It’s up to you D. My pleasure
—Too noisy outside! I just can’t focus on my study.
—_______. Let’s go outside and play soccer instead.
A. I don’t think so
B. Same here
C. Please be more patient
D. Don’t push me too hard
B
B
Practice makes perfect
1— Tom, you are caught late again.
— Oh, ______.
A．not at all B．just my luck
C．never mind D．that’s all right
2--Don't forget to ___ when you settle down there
--Trust me, I won't. I'll e-mail you as soon as I get there
A call on me B drop me a line
C stick with me D get on with me
B
B
3 --I'm _____ tired. I can't walk any further
--Come on, you just had a rest five minutes ago
A not a bit B not at all
C not a little D not in the least
C
4—I have decided to bury myself in the schoolwork and say goodbye to my comic books.
—_______. You’ve said that a million times.
A. No wonder B. You bet
C. I don’t buy it D. It’s your call
c
5—Hi, Bob! Thanks a lot for lending me the money!
—_______! Oh, by the way the interest rate is 10%.
A. No sweat B. With pleasure
C. With regards D. No way
A
6—Is this Mr White's office, Mary
—Yes, ________.
A．all right B．it doesn't matter
C．help yourself D．after you
D
7—How would you feel about holding the meeting as scheduled
—Given the current situation, it's________
A out of the question. B out of question
C beyond question D without question
A
8 --Who told you about it
--______. You only need to know it is true
A It's your call B Never you mind
C It's anyone guess D You have my word
B
9 —I guess you want to go play tennis.
—_______. That’s exactly what I was thinking too.
A. I didn’t get it B. It’s up to you
C. You never know D. You read my mind
10 —Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
—_______. Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope not B. I think so
C. I appreciate that D. I beg to differ
D
D
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