牛津译林版（2019）选修第一册Unit 1 Food matters Extended reading 课件(共33张PPT)

(共33张PPT)
新牛津译林版高中英语选修一
Unit 1 Our Living Planet
Extended Reading
Before reading
Watch and say
What's the video about
It is about a journey to the center of the Earth.
It is adapted from a classic science fiction novel written by Jules Verne, published in 1864. The story involves a German professor who believes there are volcanic tubes going towards the centre of the Earth. He, his nephew and their guide go down into an Icelandic volcano, encountering many adventures, including prehistoric creatures and natural hazards. Two months after they enter the underground world, they are carried upwards by a volcanic eruption to the surface of an island, off the coast of Italy. Most of his ideas in the novel about what the inside of the Earth contains have since been disproved, but it still manages to enchant the reader.
What do you know about the inside of the Earth What is the inside of the Earth made up of And What are the features of each part
The Earth is composed of three layers: the crust, mantle and core.
Crust(地壳)
Mantle(地幔)
Inner core
(内核）
Outer core (外核)
Core
(地核)
a thin layer of rock on the Earth's surface
hot, slow-moving rock below the crust and surrounding the core
extremely hot, liquid
iron mixed with other
components, covering
a solid centre, which is
the innermost part of
the Earth
Now let's read the
article and comic strip from
a science magazine about the inside of the Earth to learn more details.
Read and finish the tasks as quickly as possible.
While reading
Look through the article quickly and complete the following table about its outline.
Read for structure
Inside the Earth
Para. 1: Introduction to the topic of studying the inside of the Earth
Para. 2: The __________ of studying the inside of the Earth
Para. 3: The other __________ of studying the inside of the Earth
Para. 4: The _______________________ of studying the inside of the Earth
challenges
benefits
importance/significance
Read Paras. 1&2 and answer the following question.
Read for details
1. How do scientists know so much about the Earth's make-up
2. What challenges may scientists face when exploring the inside of the Earth
Possible answer:
Scientists know so much about the Earth's make-up by analysing earthquake waves and drilling very deep holes.
1. How do scientists know so much about the Earth's make-up
2. What challenges may scientists face when exploring the inside of the Earth
Read Para. 3 and fill in the table below.
exciting possibilities for life above ground
help solve the storage problem of hydrogen
cast light on the origin of life
relying on energy from certain rocks
Possible answer:
Write a summary of the science magazine article. Use the following ideas to help you.
The Earth's internal structure
Ways to learn about the inside of the Earth
Challenges of studying the inside of the Earth
Benefits of the study
P12 A
Possible answer:
The internal structure of the Earth is made up of the crust, mantle and core. Scientists learn what the inside of the Earth is like by analysing earthquake waves. They are also trying to drill very deep holes into the Earth to discover more information. However, this is challenging due to the Earth's intense pressure and heat, as well as the difficulty in choosing the right place to drill.
Studying the inside of the Earth has various advantages. It not only enables us to gain a better understanding of the geology of the Earth, but also opens up many possibilities for life above ground. For example, by looking deep down beneath the Earth, scientists may learn how to store hydrogen safely. They may also gain new insights into the origin of life, which might help answer questions whether life could be found on Mars.
Read the comic strip on page 12 and fill in the following tables.
Possible answer:
4 metres
The deepest known tree roots
The deepest underground laboratory
At the place where diamonds were formed
In the lower mantle
At the centre of the Earth
1
2
3
4
30,000 metres
750,000 metres
2.9 million metres
6 million metres
Pressure
◆ It is like 131 elephants forming a tower on their head and they get a headache.
◆ It seems 3,280 elephants standing
on their head.
◆ It seems there are about 17,000 elephants balanced on their head.
◆ It seems over 47,000 elephants on their head.
Read the comic strip again and describe the changes in pressure as Bucket and Spade dig down to the centre of the Earth.
Discussion
1. Why does the author present the depths of the Earth in the form of a comic strip
What effect does it have on the reader
2. Do you think it is wise for scientists to drill a hole through the Earth's crust and into the mantle Why or why not
P12 B-C
Possible answer:
1. The author tries to visualize the information by using a comic strip, which makes it easier for the reader to understand what the Earth is like from the surface to the centre. The characters in the comic strip, two moles, are given human characteristics and make amusing comments. This adds a humorous touch to the text and immediately attracts the reader's attention.
2. Yes, I think it is a good idea because understanding what lies beneath our feet could help us solve many issues above ground. For example, earthquakes and volcanoes often spell enormous disasters for us. If scientists are able to learn more about what the inside of the Earth is like and better understand how these natural events occur, their discoveries could assist in better prediction methods and warning systems.
Language Points
walk on the pavement
crack the Earth open
internal structure
be based on
analyse earthquake waves
the Earth’s make-up
drill deep holes
reach the mantle
走在人行道上
把地球敲开
内部结构
以...为依据
分析地震波
地球的组成
钻很深的洞
到达地幔
as yet
the intense pressure
close up
within a few years
the geology of the Earth
the storage problem of hydrogen
pave the way for
cast light on
至今，直到现在
巨大的压力
堵上；（使）变狭窄
在几年内
地球的地质
氢的储存问题
为...铺平道路
使(问题等)容易理解
depend/ rely on
gold mine
take a walk
exciting and enlightening discoveries
a thin layer of rock
the innermost part of the Earth
journey to the centre of the Earth
依靠，依赖
金矿
散步
激动人心和启发性的发现
一层薄薄的岩石
地球最深处的部分
地心之旅
dig into the ground
leave behind
wild fig tree
the deepest underground laboratory
the boundary between the Earth’s crust and the mantle
be about to do
balance on our head
凿进地面
超过；留下，遗留
野生无花果树
最深的地下实验室
地壳和地幔的分界处
即将...
稳稳地站在我们的头上
1. To find out more about the Earth’s make-up, scientists have drilled very deep holes but none have reached the mantle as yet.
as yet
① As yet, they have no solid evidence.
他们至今没有任何可靠的证据。
② I haven't read much into it as yet. I've only just scanned through it.
我还没有细细研读，只是粗略地翻看了一下。
until this moment
直到现在(用于疑问句和否定句)
为了更多地了解地球的构成，科学家们钻了非常深的洞，但到目前为止，还没有人到达地幔。
2. The intense pressure and heat inside the Earth can
close up a deep hole or break a drill.
close up
① Every time he tried to speak, his throat closed up with fear.
每当他试图讲话时，他都害怕得喉咙发紧说不出话来。
② Don't use cold water as it shocks the blood vessels(血管) into closing up.
不要用冷水，那样会刺激血管变窄。
地球内部的巨大压力和热量可以使深孔变窄或破坏钻头。
to become narrower and less open
（使）变狭窄
2. This may help solve the storage problem of hydrogen and pave the way for cars to run on hydrogen fuel.
pave the way (for sb./sth.)
① This decision paved the way for changes in employment rights for women.
这项决议为修改妇女就业权利创造了条件。
②This agreement will pave the way for a lasting peace between the two countries.
该协议将为两国间的持久和平铺平道路。
to create a situation in which sb
will be able to do sth or sth can happen
（为……）铺平道路，创造条件=lay the foundation of
这可能有助于解决氢的储存问题，并为汽车使用氢燃料创造条件。
3. Other scientists hope that research into microorganisms
deep inside the Earth would cast light on the origin of life.
cast/shed/throw light on sth
① Recent research has thrown new light on the causes of the disease.
最近的研究可以使人进一步了解导致这种疾病的原因。
② These discoverises may cast some new light on the origins of the universe.
这些发现可能会使人进一步了解宇宙的起源。
to make a problem, etc. easier to understand 使（问题等）较容易理解
其他科学家希望对地球深处微生物的研究会使人们了解生命的起源。
4. Surely, a study of the inside of our planet would lead to exciting and enlightening discoveries, and benefit all who walk upon it.
① Can you enlighten her on this subject
对这个问题你能启发启发她吗？
② an enlightening explanation
启发性的解释
③ It can be an enormously enlightening and exciting experience.
它会是一次非常有启发性、令人兴奋的经历。
当然，对地球内部的研究将带来令人兴奋和启发性的发现，并使所有在地球上行走的人受益。
enlighten v.
to give sb information so that they understand sth better 启发；开导；阐明
enlightening adj.
富有启发性的
① enlightened opinions/attitudes/ideas
开明的见解 / 态度 / 想法
② The more enlightened factory owners built homes for their workers in Britain in the 19th century.
在19世纪的英国，较开明的工厂主为工人建造住所。
enlightened adj
having or showing an understanding of people's needs, a situation, etc. that is not based on old-fashioned attitudes and prejudice 开明的；有见识的；摆脱偏见的
enlightenment n.[U]
the state of understanding sth clearly or the act of making sb understand sth cleatly 启发；开导；领悟
the Enlightenment （18世纪欧洲的）启蒙运动
5. The deepest underground laboratory, at Jinping, China,
is passed.
(我们) 经过了位于中国锦屏山的最深地下实验室。
The Jinping Underground Laboratory, which is used to study dark matter.
中国锦屏地下实验室位于地下2400米处，是世界上最深的地下实验室，于2010年建成并投入使用。建成以来，实验室进行了一系列暗物质探测实验，这奠定了我国在暗物质探测领域的世界领先地位。
1. as yet
2. pave the way for (sb/sth)
3. cast/shed/throw light on sth
4. an exciting and enlightening discovery
5. close up
直到现在；直至过去某时
（为……）铺平道路，创造条件
使（问题等）较容易理解
一个激动人心、富有启发性的发现
（使）变狭窄
Complete the sentences with the proper form of phrases given in the box.
1. Occasionally the channel widened then _______ tight again.
2. Data from the space flight should ________________ a
more detailed exploration of Mars.
3. The discovery of the dinosaur skeleton(恐龙骨架) ____________________ why they became extinct.
4. That was a very _____________ speech.
5. There have been many technical problems unresolved ______.
pave the way for enlighten as yet
cast light on sth close up
pave the way for
enlightening
has cast light on
as yet
closed up
1. as yet
2. pave the way for(sb/sth)
3. cast/shed/throw light on sth
4. enlighten/enlightening/ enlightened/enlightenment
Can you use the following words and expressions correctly
Self-evaluation
各个击破
1. Finish the exercises on pages 57-58.
2. Finish the exercises in
Learning English.