(共69张PPT)
必修第三册
UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
英 语
内容索引
课前预习:背诵与积累
课堂突破:核心考点复习
课前预习:背诵与积累
教材单词
(一)必背重点词汇
1. occur vi.发生;出现
2. downtown adv.在市中心;往市中心
3. afterwards adv.以后;后来
4. seek vt.& vi.寻找;寻求;争取;(向人)请求
5. earn vt.& vi.挣得;赚得;赢得;博得
6. claim vt.& n.夺取(生命);宣称;断言
7. series n.一系列;连续;接连
8. escape vi.& vt.逃走;逃脱;避开
n.逃跑;逃脱;解脱
9. poetry n.诗集;诗歌;诗作
10. fold vt.包;裹;折叠
vt.& vi.(可)折小;(可)叠平
11. super adv.特别:格外
adj.顶好的;超级的
12. climate n.气候
13. mild adj.温和的;和善的;轻微的
14. material n.材料;布料;素材
adj.物质的;实际的
15. clothing n.衣服;服装
16. item n.项目;一件商品(或物品);一条(新闻)
17. contain vt.包含;含有;容纳
18. neat adj.极好的;整洁的;整齐的
(二)识记阅读词汇
1.gumbo n. 秋葵汤
2.nachos n.[pl.] 墨西哥玉米片
3.mission n. 传教(区);重要任务;使命
4.district n. 地区;区域
5.graffiti n.[pl.] 涂鸦;胡写乱画
6.comic n. 连环画杂志;漫画杂志;喜剧演员
adj. 滑稽的;使人发笑的
7.immigrant n. (外来)移民;外侨
8.china n. 瓷;瓷器
9.jazz n. 爵士乐
10.bar n. 酒吧;小吃店;小馆子
11.diagram n. 简图;图解;图表;示意图
12.journal n. 日志;日记;报纸;刊物
13.Atlantic adj. 大西洋的
14.jeans n. 牛仔裤
15.boot n. 靴子
16.mushroom n. 蘑菇;蕈
17.accessory n. 配饰;附件;配件
18.souvenir n. 纪念物;纪念品
19.percentage n. 百分率;百分比
20.herbal adj. 药草的;香草的
(三)串记拓展词汇
1. diverse adj.不同的;多种多样的→ diversity n.差异(性);不同(点);多样性
2. fortune n.机会;运气→ fortunate adj.幸运的;吉利的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地
3. admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入)→ admission n.承认;入场费;准许进入
4. definite adj.一定的,确切的→ definitely adv.肯定;确实
5. history n.历史→ historical adj.(有关)历史的
6. select vt.选择;挑选;选拔→ selection n.选择;挑选;选拔
7.minority n.少数民族;少数派;少数人→ majority n.多数
8. financial adj.财政的;财务的;金融的→ finance n.财政,金融
9. poison n.毒物;毒药;毒素 vt.毒死;毒害→ poisonous adj.引起中毒的;有毒的;分泌毒素的
10. collection n.作品集;收集物;收藏品→ collect vt.搜集;收藏
11. construction n.建筑;建造→ construct vt.建设;建造
12. settle vt.& vi.定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷)→ settler n.殖民者;开拓者→ settlement n.定居点
13. suit vt.适合;满足……需要;相配;合身 n.西服,套装→ suitable adj.适合的
核心短语
1. in addition 此外
2. head to (朝……)前进;
(向……)去
3. seek one’s fortune 寻找成功致富之路;闯世界
4. earn a living 谋生
5. series of 一系列或一连串(事件)
6.apart from= aside from 除了……外(还);此外
7.bring about 导致;引起
8.to name but a few 仅举几例
9.(at) first hand 第一手;亲自
重点句型
1.句式凝练:独立主格结构
There are so many beautiful old buildings— many sitting on top of big hills ,offering great views of the city,the ocean,and the Golden Gate Bridge.
有很多美丽的古老建筑——很多坐落于大山之巅,可以欣赏到城市、海洋和金门大桥的美景。
2.句式凝练:感叹句
And what a city —a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.
这是一座多么了不起的城市啊——一座在1906年地震后能够重建的城市。
3.句式凝练:“不定代词/数词/名词+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句
The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese,
many of whom do not speak English fluently .
唐人街的居民中大多数还是华人,他们中的许多人都不会说流利的英语。
高考常用高分词汇
主题词汇背记
多元文化
一、风俗习惯 1.custom n.习惯;习俗;风俗习惯 2.experience n.经验;经历 3.manner n.方式;态度;举止 4.widespread adj.流传很广的 5.native adj.本地的;本国的 6.tradition n.传统;风俗 7.primitive adj.原始的;远古的 二、文化冲突 1.cultural adj.文化的 2.misunderstanding n.误解;误会 3.folk adj.民间的 4.symbol n.象征
5.ancestor n.祖先
6.ancient adj.古代的
7.difference n.差异
高考主题高频短语
1.cradle of civilization文明的摇篮 2.Chinese civilization中华文明
3.come to power上台执政 4.crowd into China market涌入中国市场
5.make a fortune发财 6.in the process of...在……进程中
7.under the influence of the trend of globalization在全球化趋势的影响下
8.consider multiculturalism as the most important factor认为多元化是最重要的因素
9.one of the wonders of the world世界奇迹之一
10.enjoy a great reputation worldwide 在全世界享有盛誉
11.well-known sightseeing spots名胜景点
12.take high-speed trains 乘坐高铁
13.respect each other’s differences尊重彼此的差异
14.experience different cultures体验不同的文化
e into contact with people from different backgrounds接触来自不同背景的人
语块必记
续写语料积累
情感描写(五):绝望与紧张
1.stress out(使)焦虑,紧张
2.a flood of tension紧张情绪泛滥
3.butterflies in one’s stomach情绪紧张,心里发慌
4.breathe rapidly呼吸急促
5.bite one’s nails咬指甲
佳句背诵
1.Tony felt left out and was getting desperate with loneliness.
托尼觉得自己被冷落了,因为孤独而变得绝望。
2.Jenny took a long breath and her tongue felt thick and heavy in her mouth.
珍妮深呼吸了一下,嘴里的舌头感到又厚又沉。
3.She flagged her yellow blouse in a desperate attempt to save herself.
她拼命挥舞着黄衬衫,试图自救。
4.Doctors were fighting a desperate battle to save the little girl’s life.
医生们不惜一切地奋力抢救小女孩的生命。
5.Thinking that she had to spend another night in the wild by herself,she felt herself thrown into a world of hopelessness.
一想到又要独自一人在野外度过一个晚上,她感觉自己陷入了完全的绝望当中。
精美语段
The elderly couple walked towards him and told him not to cry.“She would be saddened by your tears if she were here.” They said.Words knotting in his throat,he couldn’t utter a syllable but wept as the figures of the couple gradually faded.Umbrella slipped out of his hands,rain wet his clothes and he was heartbroken.Those sweet and bitter memories flashed across,and then he grabbed one paper crane with trembling hands.Eyes lingering on the same smile he used to obsess with,he shuffled towards his car like a drunken man.
这对老夫妇向他走来,告诉他不要哭。“如果她在这里,你的眼泪会让她伤心的。”他们说。他嗓子里哽咽着,说不出一个音节,但随着这对夫妇的身影逐渐消失,他哭了起来。伞从他手中滑落,雨水打湿了他的衣服,他心碎了。那些甜蜜和痛苦的回忆从脑海中闪过,然后他用颤抖的手抓住一只纸鹤。眼睛停留在他曾经迷恋的微笑上,他像醉汉一样拖着脚步走向他的汽车。
课堂突破:核心考点复习
1通词句基础自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Jack was working in the lab when the power failure occurred (发生).
2.The company claims (宣称) that their product can make you slim without dieting.
3.The children earned (挣得) their allowance by doing chores around the house.
4.Tom came in for a cup of tea and he went out soon afterwards (后来).
5.Nothing escaped (逃脱) our teacher’s eagle eye.
Ⅱ.词形转换
1.The workers are constructing the bridge damaged by the flood now,and the bridge under construction connects the road with the town.(construct)
2.Tom applied for admission to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn’t admitted into it at last.(admit)
3.People from diverse cultures hold different understandings of the play and this diversity of opinions makes it hard to reach an agreement at the meeting.(diverse)
4.Last year Tom went to Shanghai to try his fortune .Fortunately ,he met his girlfriend and got married there.(fortune)
5.An official was sent to settle the problem but different opinions of two sides destroyed all the hopes of a peaceful settlement .(settle)
Ⅲ.语篇填空
Jack was 1. heading to (朝……前进) the big city after he left his hometown to 2.seek his fortune(闯世界).In order to 3. earn a living (谋生) and make his family live a happy life,he had to do varieties of things
4. at first hand (亲自).However,he was very weak and suffered a lot.
5. Apart from (除……之外<还>) 6. a series of (一连串)health problems,7. to name but a few (仅举几例),headaches,stomachaches and broken legs,he met many other difficulties which 8. brought about (导致) his failure again and again.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.这次活动如此成功,我们希望将来可以组织更多这样有意义的活动。(独立主格结构)
This activity being so successful ,we hope that more meaningful events like this can be organized in the future.
2.你买的纪念品真漂亮!(what引导的感叹句)
What a beautiful souvenir you have bought!
3.在我们学校,大约有200名教师,其中30%是男性。(“不定代词/数词/名词+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句)
In our school,there are about 200 teachers, thirty percent of whom are male .
2研考点增分课堂
核心词汇突破
1.admit vi.& vt.(admitted,admitted,admitting)承认 vt.准许进入(或加入)→admission n.承认;入场费;准许进入
[练会]单句语法填空
①Afterwards,he had to admit putting/having put (put) some poisonous mushrooms in the soup.
②It is said that admission (admit) to the concert is ￡5 and as a result,I determine to enjoy it.
③(2022浙江卷)One day I got word that he was admitted to/into hospital for a serious disease.
[写美]一句多译·背诵
既然你错了,就应该勇于承认错误。
④Now that you are wrong, you should have the courage to admit having made mistakes .(admit doing)
⑤Now that you are wrong, you should have the courage to admit that you have made mistakes .(admit that)
归纳 (1)admit doing/having done/that...承认做/做过/承认……
admit sb/sth to be承认某人/某物是……
It is admitted that...人们公认……
(2)be admitted to/into被录取到;被允许进入
佳句 Learning our school table tennis team is admitting new members,I can hardly wait to invite you to join it.
得知我校乒乓球队正在招收新队员,我迫不及待地想邀请你加入球队。(应用文之邀请信)
2.occur vi.(occurred,occurred,occurring) 发生;出现
[练会]单句语法填空
①It occurred to me to go (go) to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.
②A perfect idea occurred to us that we could give a handmade gift to our teacher for Teachers’ Day.
③The worst tornado of all time occurred (occur) in 1925,affecting three US states.
[写美]一句多译·背诵
(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷)他突然想到伯纳德可以卖爆米花赚钱。
④ It occurred to him that Bernard could make some money by selling popcorn.(occur)
⑤ It struck him that Bernard could make some money by selling popcorn.(strike)
⑥ It hit him that Bernard could make some money by selling popcorn.(hit)
归纳 Sth occurs to sb 某人突然想起某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that...某人突然想起……
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb to do sth某人突然想起做某事
点津occur没有被动语态,不用于进行时。occur作谓语时,主语不能是人。
佳句 That night a terrible storm occurred,with the wind blowing and beating the house.
那天晚上下了一场可怕的暴风雨,狂风吹打着房子。(读后续写之天气描写)
3.escape vi.& vt.逃走;逃脱;避开 n.逃跑;逃脱;解脱
[练会]单句语法填空/猜测词义
①It is said that he narrowly escaped being killed (kill) in the traffic accident the other day.
②To their relief,their students narrowly escaped from the shaking building.
③The girl looks quite familiar,but her name escapes me. 被遗忘
[写美]微写作·背诵
④(2020浙江卷)最后,我们九死一生,幸运地没有被那头饥饿的北极熊伤害。
At last,we had a narrow escape ,fortunately escaping being hurt by the hungry polar bear.
归纳 (1)escape (doing) sth 逃避(做)某事
escape from从……逃脱;逃避
(2)fire escape太平梯;安全梯;安全出口
a narrow escape九死一生;死里逃生
佳句 The thief grabbed his cellphone,escaped into the crowds,squeezed onto the bus,and disappeared.
小偷一把抢走他的手机,逃进人群,挤上公交车然后消失了。(读后续写之动作细节)
4.bring about引起;导致
[练会]短语填空
①(2020天津卷)The company is willing to bring in the new technology if it can be shown to reduce production costs.
②The reason why the goods are sold at such a low price is that the manufacturers are willing to bring down the price in return for big volume purchases.
③The kindness of the family brought back my faith in humanity and I would try to bring warmth to others in the future.(读后续写之主旨升华)
[写美]微写作·背诵
④我不清楚是谁提出的这个问题,但我清楚地记得它引起了一场热烈的讨论。
I don’t clearly remember who brought up the question but clearly remember it brought about a heated discussion .
归纳 bring up抚养;培养;教育;提出;呕吐
bring in引进;获利;赚钱
bring out出版;使显现
bring down使倒下;减少;降低
bring back把……带回来;使回忆起;使恢复
佳句 (2021全国乙卷)The Internet has brought about great changes in the way we learn.
网络给我们的学习方式带来了巨大的变化。
5.settle vt.& vi.定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷) vt.确定;(最终)决定 vi.安家;定居;停留→settlement n.定居点;协议;解决→settler n.移居者;殖民者
[练会]单句语法填空
①(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷)At the Jorvik Centre in York,the city’s Viking
settlement (settle) is recreated.
②Having settled into a beautiful village,he settled down to doing (do) his research.
③They dashed out of the car,put up the tent and settled down on the grass,enjoying the surrounding breathtaking sights.
[写美]微写作·背诵
④得知你每天有许多的问题要解决,我建议你开始认真考虑哪个问题是最紧急的。(应用文之建议信)
Learning that you have so many problems to settle every day ,I suggest that you (should) settle down to considering which one is the most urgent.
归纳 settle in/into sth适应(新家、工作、环境等)
settle in...在……居住
settle down定居;平静下来;专心于;舒适地坐下/躺下
settle down to (doing) sth着手认真做某事
佳句 In my view,the problems can be settled in no time if you double your efforts.
在我看来,如果你加倍努力,问题可以很快解决。(应用文之建议信)
★补遗缺 微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义
claim
A.vt.宣称 B.vt.索回 C.n.要求 D.vt.认领 E.vt.夺走
①Heart disease is the biggest killer,claiming 180,000 lives per year. E
②It is claimed that some doctors are working 80 hours a week. A
③You can claim your money back if the goods are damaged. B
④He repeatedly pushed forward his own claim. C
⑤If the owner doesn’t claim the dog in 48 hours,you can apply for adoption.
D
Ⅱ.熟词生义
1.move(P27)
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vi.& vt.(使)改变位置,动;(使)移动 Will you help me move this table to the back room
vi.& vt.搬家;搬迁;迁移 A lot of businesses are moving out of London because it’s too expensive.
生义 vi.& vt.(棋盘游戏中)走棋,走子,(棋子)被移动 In chess,the pieces can only move in certain directions.
项目 意义 例句
生义 vi.& vt.(使)进展;(使)发展 If you want to move ahead in your career,you’ll have to work harder.
vt.使感动;打动 She said that she was deeply moved by all the letters of sympathy she had received.
n.一步棋;(按规则)棋的可走方法 It takes a long time to learn all the moves in chess.
2.carry(P28)
项目 意义 例句
熟义 vt.背;扛;抱;抬;搬;载 Would you like me to carry your bag for you
vt.运送;输送,传输 The bus that was involved in the accident was carrying children to school.
生义 vt.带有,具有 I’m afraid my opinion doesn’t carry any weight with (= influence) my boss.
vt.支撑;承载 A road bridge has to carry a lot of traffic.
vi.达到;传到 The sound of the explosion carried for miles.
重点句型透视
“不定代词/数词/名词+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句
[教材原句] The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese,many of whom do not speak English fluently.(P32)
唐人街的大多数居民仍然是华人,他们中的许多人英语说得不流利。
[练会]单句语法填空
①This semester our school offers many optional courses to the students,each of which appeals to many students.(应用文之告知信)
②Our class is made up of 56 students,all of whom are friendly and diligent.
③There are many scenic spots in Beijing,the most attractive of which is the Great Wall.
[写美]句式升级·背诵
④He has three daughters.All of them went abroad for further education.
→He has three daughters, all of whom went abroad for further education .(用定语从句改写)
归纳 “不定代词/数词/名词+of+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句还有:
(1)one/two/several/most/each/all...+of which/whom...
(2)the+名词+of which
佳句 Your school organizes two travel routes to China,both of which are fascinating.
你们学校组织了两条来中国旅行的路线,它们都很吸引人。
3测效果课堂评价
Ⅰ.单句语法填空——分层级强化高频考点
A组 基础必练
1.The attraction of the museum lies in the fact that its collections (collect) date from the Middle Ages,which shows the historical (history) changes in the city.
2.A bright idea suddenly occurred (occur) to me that I could use the money earned (earn) last month to buy him a gift.
3.Apart from that,it is likely that he will be admitted to his dream university.
4.The terrible earthquake and the suffering it brought about have had a lasting effect on the local people’s life.
5.More than 500 people have flown in space since Yuri Gagarin paved the way in 1961,some of whom have travelled to the moon.
B组 高考链接
6.(2022全国甲卷)The next step,according to the researchers,is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues(线索),or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections (selection).
7.(2022全国乙卷) In 1916,two girls of wealthy families,best friends from Auburn,N.Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a
settlement (settle) in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.
8.(2022新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Scholarships are for Group Play admission (admit) fees and/or transportation.
9.(2022全国乙卷)Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public.
10.(2020北京卷)And that’s why diversity (diverse) in science — the more people looking at a claim from different angels—is important.
Ⅱ.语篇填空——语境中应用单元要点
Capital cities usually contain a wide 1. variety (vary) of people.This
2. occurs (occur) due to people moving to the city to seek 3. their (they) fortune.Although 4. it is claimed that it is tough to earn 5. a good living in the city,most choose 6. to settle (settle) there.The latest report shows that 7. the percentage of people 8. moving (move) to the city is on the rise.This in turn increases the cultural 9. diversity (diverse) of the city,10. which makes the city even more attractive to outsiders.
Ⅲ.话题微写作——场景中提升写作技能(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
【写作素材】
1.众所周知,自从1978年以来,中国经历了移民大潮。(immigration)
2.据报道,成千上万的农民从农村朝城市奔去。(head to)
3.尽管辛苦,但大部分人想去城市碰碰运气。(seek one’s fortune)
4.他们承认起初谋生时很不容易。(admit,earn a living)
5.他们努力工作,了解了一系列赚钱的方法。(a series of)
6.他们为城市的繁荣带来了很大的变化,自己也过上了幸福的生活。(bring about)
【连句成篇】将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的
短文。
As we all know,China has experienced immigration movements since 1978.It is reported that thousands of farmers from the countryside have headed to the cities,the majority of whom wanted to seek their fortune in the cities despite great hardship.They admitted that it was not that easy to earn a living at first.However,by working hard,they learned about a series of methods to earn money.They have brought about great changes to the boom of the cities and lived a happy life as well.
研真题 链接高考
(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B)——音乐
By day,Robert Titterton is a lawyer.In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner.“I’m not a trained musician,but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years.His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“A lot of skills are needed for the job.You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot,”Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice.Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns,including back turns for repeat passages.Silent onstage communication is key,and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances,there are moments when things go wrong.“I was turning the page to get ready for the next page,but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,”Mr Titterton said.“Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“My husband is the worst page turner,”she laughed.“He’s interested in the music,feeling every note,and I have to say:‘Turn,turn!’Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
理清脉络
真题再做
24.What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner
A.Read music.
B.Play the piano.
C.Sing songs.
D.Fix the instruments.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria”可知,要想为钢琴家翻乐谱,必须能够识谱。故选A项。
25.Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage
A.Boring.
B.Well-paid.
C.Demanding.
D.Dangerous.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段内容可推断,在台上为钢琴家翻乐谱这项工作看似简单,实则不然,这是一份要求高的工作。故选C项。
26.What does Titterton need to practise
A.Counting the pages.
B.Recognizing the “nodding”.
C.Catching falling objects.
D.Performing in his own style.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知,舞台上的无声交流是很关键的,每位钢琴家都有属于自己风格的点头示意的方式,翻乐谱的人必须学会察言观色,才能与演奏者高度默契,而这需要双方经过大量的练习才能实现。故选B项。
27.Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worst page turner”
A.He has very poor eyesight.
B.He ignores the audience.
C.He has no interest in music.
D.He forgets to do his job.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推断,Raspopova的丈夫其实很喜欢音乐,但是他在舞台上只顾欣赏每一个音符,忘记了自己的本职工作,所以妻子才不断提醒他,并称其“the worst page turner”。故选D项。
语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词性及词义 例句
train trained adj.训练过的 I’m not a trained musician,but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.
communicate communication n.交流 Silent onstage
communication
is key,and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
2.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
score n.乐谱,总谱 His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.
stand n.架,台 “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page,but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said.“Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
note n.音符 He’s interested in the music,feeling every note,and I have to say:“Turn,turn!”
3.积累高频词块
(1)by day 在白天
(2)go on stage 登台表演
(3)read music 识谱
(4)a piece of music 一支乐曲
(5)go wrong 出毛病
4.赏析续写佳句
He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
他说他变得和那些在舞台上演奏乐器的人一样紧张。
5.破解复杂句式
Silent onstage communication is key,and each pianist has their own style of “nodding”to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
分析:此句是并列复合句,and 后的分句中的 which they need to practise with their page turner 是 which 引导的 定语 从句,修饰 a page turn 。
译文:无声的舞台交流是关键,每个钢琴家都有他们自己的 “点头” 风格来暗示翻页,他们需要同他们的翻页者一起练习。
技法点拨
隐含推断题——关键词句细推敲
解题流程如下:
1.定位细节——根据题干提供的信息,抓住某一段话的关键信息(关键词语)。
2.揣摩细节——对原文中的信息进行分析,推理判断,利用逆向思维和正向推理,从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。必修第三册 UNIT3
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Thewaywedothingsroundhere
Some years ago,I was hired by an American bank.I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started,“Dear John,I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us.” That “quite” saddened me.I thought he was saying “we’re kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.” Then I discovered that in American English “quite” sometimes means “very”,while in British English it means “fairly”.
So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I don’t just mean the words people speak.It is body language,dress,manners,ideas and so on.The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures.
Some of these differences may be only on the surface—dress,food and hours of work—while others may be deeper and take longer to deal with.Mostly,it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them,like the climate,while getting on with business.
Some of the differences may be an improvement.People are more polite;the service is better;you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again.However,other differences can be troubling,like punctuality.If you invite people to a party at 7 o’clock,your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany,five minutes early in the American Midwest,an hour early in Japan,15 minutes afterwards in the UK,up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece.I prefer not to use the word “late” because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive.It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country.
1.The author was unhappy as mentioned in paragraph 1 because he thought .
A.the American bank didn’t think much of him
B.the American bank might hire another person
C.it’s difficult to get used to American culture
D.it’s easy to misunderstand Americans
2.The word “highlights” in paragraph 2 probably means .
A.encourages
B.helps to narrow
C.increases
D.draws attention to
3.According to the author,what should we do with most cultural differences
A.Ask the native people for help.
B.Understand and accept them.
C.Do things in our own way.
D.Do in-depth research.
4.When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are .
A.Italians B.Germans
C.Greeks D.the British
B
(2022河南洛阳二模)
Song Lam,or Waiata to some of her New Zealand Maori friends,argues that Mandarin and Maori have much in common,particularly the five vowels which sound the same in both languages.And the mythological figure Maui of Maori legend has a Chinese “twin brother”,the Monkey King.Both could turn themselves into any shape or figure at any time.
Some academics claim that one of the native tribes in Taiwan,China speaks a language similar to Maori,notably in the naming of numbers.Evidence gleaned by archaeologists(考古学家) shows an ancient link between the peoples of Australasia and Taiwan,with the native language of Taiwan having similarities to the prehistoric Australasian language.
Confused by Maori place names and customs when she first moved to New Zealand,Song Lam spent eight years researching and three years writing her book,TheMaoriofNewZealand,which is believed to be the first Chinese-language publication to include Maori words,values and customs.The 120-page book,including 10 pages of photos and maps,describes Maori legends,traditions,history and folk tales.
Song Lam was inspired to write the book in 1990 when she tried to sign up for an education course in New Zealand and was asked for her comments on a local historical event,which she knew nothing about.She involved her two sons in her project and research after explaining to them the stories behind Maori place names.The younger boy,aged 10,used his skill at drawing to contribute a historic map of Maori tribes in New Zealand.
“Both Chinese and Maori like to present a gift when visiting others or receiving a warm reception,” Lam says.“My book will be a good gift when I visit a Maori community.”
5.According to Song Lam,what do Mandarin and Maori have in common
A.Fairy tales of the same character.
B.Confusing place names and customs.
C.Similar pronunciation of vowels.
D.The magic power of the Monkey King.
6.What does the underlined word “gleaned” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Controlled.
B.Gathered.
C.Grown.
D.Switched.
7.Why is Song Lam’s younger son mentioned in paragraph 4
A.To tell his curiosity about Maori.
B.To prove his unique talent in painting.
C.To stress the importance of education.
D.To show his help with the publication.
8.What is the best title for the text
A.Cultures Share Language Bond
B.The First Book about Maori
C.Adaptation to Life in New Zealand
D.Languages Bridge Misunderstanding
Ⅱ.七选五
(2022湖南长沙雅礼中学一模)
It can be very easy to stick with what you know,instead of trying to meet people who are different from you. 1 Here’s what you can do:
Become self-aware. 2 This includes biases about your own cultural background.It can be confronting,but by doing this you’ll be able to think about how these traits might impact on your approach to and understanding of differences.You could try:Think about what assumptions you make about your friends,peers,and people you work with.
Talk to someone from a different cultural background.Try and get to know someone from a different cultural background better. 3 You’ll automatically find out more about their life and experiences.Just being curious and open-minded can be helpful.
Be more accepting.Sometimes,for one reason or another,it’s not all that easy to understand some cultural differences. 4 In other words,you don’t have to understand,or even agree with someone in order to accept them.
5 One of the biggest difficulties to overcome in understanding cultural differences is making judgments based on one opinion.You should do some research to actually learn about people,instead of making broad-brush assessments.Stereotyping(模式化) people from different cultural backgrounds can impact their quality of life and opportunities.
A.Do your own research.
B.Think beyond stereotypes.
C.Practice being sympathetic towards people.
D.Work out your own beliefs,values and personal biases.
E.Instead of asking them questions directly,treat them as friends.
F.And the best approach is to acknowledge people are different and to accept that’s okay.
G.However,trying to understand people from other countries can help you experience more.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2022安徽合肥二模)
China is known as a state of etiquette(礼仪) and ceremonies.Take the example of an interesting story.Once upon a time,a man went on a long tour 1. (visit) his friend with a swan as a gift.But it escaped from the cage on the way and in his effort to catch it,he caught nothing but a feather.When his friend received this unexpected gift—the swan feather,he was 2. (deep) moved by the sincerity.Later,the saying “the gift is nothing much,but it is the thought 3. counts” was spread far and wide.
Gifts are regarded as an important part to show politeness in China.4. is appropriate to give gifts on 5. (occasion) such as festivals and birthdays.If you are invited 6. a family party,small gifts like wine,tea or candies are welcomed.Also fruit,cookies,and flowers are a safe 7. (choose).
Chinese used to cup one hand in the other before the chest as a salute(致敬).This tradition,nowadays seldom 8. (follow) except in the Spring Festival,has a history of more than 2,000 years.Shaking hands,which should be firm and brief but not too strong,9. (consider) formal greeting behavior in China.
If you follow the usual rules of etiquette in China,there is no need to worry about the cultural barriers,for the warm and friendly Chinese will try their best to respect your customs when 10.(communicate).
参考答案
必修第三册 UNIT3
Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过自己的亲身经历体会到的各国在文化、语言方面的差异,告诉我们一个道理:了解文化差异并且适应和接受文化的差异。
1.A 细节理解题。由第一段中“That ‘quite’ saddenedme...itmeans ‘fairly’”可知,作者对于“quite”一词的理解偏差导致心情不愉快。因为作者认为这家美国银行并没有器重他。故选A项。
2.D 词义猜测题。由文章第二段中的“Sothefirstlessonabout...manners,ideasandsoon.”可知,人们做事的方式突出了我们在不同文化之间看到的许多差异。highlight 本意“强调”,此处表示“注意”。故选D项。
3.B 细节理解题。由文章第三段信息句 “Mostly,itisjustaquestionofgettingusedtothedifferencesandacceptingthem,liketheclimate,whilegettingonwithbusiness.”可知,适应文化差异就像在外出差适应当地的气候一样,要学会适应和接受。
4.B 细节理解题。由第四段信息句 “Ifyouinvitepeopletoapartyat7o’clock,yourguestswillconsideritpolitetoturnupexactlyontimeinGermany”可知,在德国,如果你邀请别人7点参加聚会,你的客人会认为准时到场是礼貌的。所以德国人是准时的。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过SongLam的故事讲述中国和新西兰毛利部落在语言和文化上有很多相似之处。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第一段的“SongLam,orWaiata...whichsoundthesameinbothlanguages.”可知,SongLam认为新西兰语和普通话的共同之处是元音的发音相似。
6.B 词义猜测题。根据第二段的“EvidencegleanedbyarchaeologistsshowsanancientlinkbetweenthepeoplesofAustralasiaandTaiwan”并结合常识可知,证据是需要收集的。由此可知,画线词意为“收集”,与gathered同义。
7.D 推理判断题。根据第三段的“The120-pagebook,including10pagesofphotosandmaps,describesMaorilegends,traditions,historyandfolktales.”可知,SongLam出版了一本120页的书,包括10页的照片和地图,描述毛利人的传说、传统、历史和民间故事。再结合第四段的“Theyoungerboy,aged10,usedhisskillatdrawingtocontributeahistoricmapofMaoritribesinNewZealand.”可知,小男孩绘制了新西兰毛利部落的历史地图。由此推知,提到小男孩是为了表明他对书本出版的帮助。
8.A 主旨大意题。根据文章主要内容,尤其第一段可知,文章通过SongLam的故事讲述中国和新西兰毛利部落在语言和文化上有很多相似之处。故A项“文化共享语言纽带”可以作为本文的最佳标题。
Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。试着去理解来自其他国家的人可以帮助你体验更多,文章对如何理解和接受不同文化背景的人提出了建议。
1.G 上文“Itcanbeveryeasytostickwithwhatyouknow,insteadoftryingtomeetpeoplewhoaredifferentfromyou.”和G项中的“tryingtounderstandpeoplefromothercountriescanhelpyouexperiencemore”构成转折关系,对应G项中的However,所以G项切合文意。
2.D 根据下文“Thisincludesbiasesaboutyourownculturalbackground.”和上文“Becomeself-aware.”可知,此处是指对自己的文化背景、偏见等有清醒的认知,并解决它们,所以D项切合文意。
3.E 根据上文“Talktosomeonefromadifferentculturalbackground.”可知,此处是讲和来自不同文化背景的人交谈,所以E项切合文意。
4.F 根据上文“Bemoreaccepting.”可知,此处是讲对于不同要有包容性,所以F项切合文意。故选F项。
5.B 根据下文“Stereotypingpeoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundscanimpacttheirqualityoflifeandopportunities.”可知,此处是指要跳出模式化来思考,所以B项切合文意。
Ⅲ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国的礼仪文化。
1.to visit 考查非谓语动词。用动词不定式作目的状语。故填tovisit。
2.deeply 考查词性转换。修饰动词moved,用副词作状语,故填deeply。
3.that 考查强调句型。本句是“Itbe+被强调部分+that/who+其他”强调句型结构,此处被强调部分是主语thethought,指物,用that。
4.It 考查形式主语。Itis+adj.(forsb)+todosth,形式主语It替代真正主语(动词不定式短语),首字母大写。故填It。
5.occasions 考查名词复数。结合suchasfestivalsandbirthdays可知,不止一个场合,用名词occasion的复数形式。故填occasions。
6.to 考查固定搭配。beinvitedto...被邀请……。故填to。
7.choice 考查词性转换。结合不定冠词a可知,用单数名词choice作表语。
8.followed 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语has且无连词,此处用非谓语形式,逻辑主语Thistradition与动词follow是动宾关系,用过去分词表被动。故填followed。
9.is considered 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处缺少谓语,讲述客观事实,主语Shakinghands和谓语动词consider是被动关系,用一般现在时的被动语态;Shakinghands作主语,谓语用单数形式。故填isconsidered。
municating 考查非谓语动词。“当某人做某事时”用when引导时间状语从句,从句中用进行时,通篇时态是一般现在时,因此空格处是现在进行时arecommunicating,当时间状语从句的主语和主句主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词。故填communicating。
