察哈尔校区高三年级上学期期末试卷(英语)
第I卷(选择题)
一、阅读理解(每小题2分，共30分)
A
What is a TEDx event
TEDx brings the spirit of TED’s mission of “ideas worth spreading” to local communities around the globe. A TEDx event is a local gathering where live TED-like talks and videos previously recorded at TED conferences are shared with a community. TEDx events are fully planned and coordinated independently, on a community-by-community basis. All TEDx events present multiple issues and a diversity of voices from many disciplines. After all, what’s the fun without a little variety
If you want to organize a TEDx event, you’ll need to apply for a TEDx license. No one is qualified to organize an event without being granted a license by TED.
So you want to organize a TEDx event
Before you start, you should know the TEDx rules, which are non-negotiable and mandatory.
General rules
※ We value and welcome young organizers. However, if you’re under 18, you must be supervised by an adult.
※ TED allocates one location-based license series per application. Your TEDx event must happen in the city for which you received the license.
※ Your event must maintain the spirit of TED itself: focused on the power of ideas to change attitudes or lives. Your event may not exceed one day in length.
※ Up to 100 individuals may attend your event. Only those who have attended an official TED conference may organize an event with more than 100 attendees. Even those who have attended one or multiple TEDx events or TEDWomen are not qualified.
※ TEDx events are named after locations, such as cities, neighborhoods, streets etc., and aim to serve that named community. Event names must comply with the guideline for naming your event.
Special attentions
※ A TEDx event is not a platform for professional speakers. Its purpose is to give a platform to those who don’t often have one.
※ A TEDx event cannot be used to raise money, not even for a charity.
※ A TEDx event can’t be co-branded with an institution except under specific license types – for a college or university, or for internal events (for corporations and organizations).
※ TEDx events may not be used to promote spiritual or religious beliefs, commercial products or any kind of political agenda.
※ Every TEDx event either shows only TED Talk videos to its audience or shows both TED Talk videos and live speakers from the community. For events less than half a day in length, two TED Talks videos are required to be shown. For longer events, 25% of the total number of talks must be official TED Talk videos.
1. What do we know from the first part of the passage
A. TEDx speeches should follow a single topic principle.
B. TED organization is not responsible for TEDx events.
C. TEDx is TED-like but it is operated independently.
D. TEDx is based upon prerecorded TED talks.
2. According to the General rules, a TEDx event organizer should ________.
A. name the event after locations
B. host the event in different cities
C. extend the event to one day
D. hold a TED event first
3. Which of the following people may be allowed to make a TEDx speech
A. A professional speaker who wants to motivate people with success stories.
B. A college student who wants to advocate the use of green and renewable energy.
C. A member of a volunteer group who wants to collect money for the war victims.
D. A CEO in a high-tech industry who wants to popularize its newest product.
B
Youth shines through hardships; life is elevated through hard work.
Xi Jinping Chinese President
“I don’t think about winning or losing during the competition. I just do my best, and the rewards come naturally,’’ Gu Ailing, freeskier from Chinese Olympic team, said in an interview.
When I had this interview with Gu in 2021 the young skier had just achieved record- breaking wins for two gold medals at the world championships in Aspen, US. But what impressed me most was how she treated her great achievements. While many people consider Gu talented, she believes she is just one of the many sports lovers, who with such pure passion, could overcome any obstacles or setbacks and enjoy doing what they love.
Her words struck a chord with me. As a young journalist covering the youth of today, I have written thousands of reports, digging up inspirational stories among Gen Zers who are born between 1995 and 2010. I also look tor different ways to make their stories known by more people, For example, I have made videos on hot topics while also writing articles.
My efforts have reaped fruits. On April 15, I was awarded as a national outstanding member of the Communist Youth League of China (CYLC).
I am so honored, but what makes me more thrilled is that some of my interviewees are also on the list. We are all exploring different career paths, but we share the same attitude toward our passions like Gu. This award, I believe, is for the spirit of Chinese young people.
For example the awardees from the Sanxingdui Museum have a passion to bring the 3.000-year-old Sanxingdui relics back to life and reveal a magnificent civilization in history. In October 2021,1 went to the museum and interviewed two young restorers there. Through working with them I got to know that restoration is a long process, and they might repeat one single action carefully every day for several months. ”We are doing ordinary things and we just do our best, "said one of the restorers. This was how they saw their work.
I believe similar situations can be found in the story of every awardee. Just as the lyrics of the popular song Lonely Warrior go “who said heroes can’t be ordinary souls ’’ We are all ordinary people doing our best for our passions, and together we can make extraordinary achievements.
4. What does the underlined word “elevate’’ (Line 1) mean in the context
A. lift up B. promote C. increase D. cheer up
5. Which of the following statements regarding Gu Ailing is WRONG
A. She believes enthusiasm and passion can overcome any difficulties.
B. She is regarded as a genius sports player by a minority of people.
C. She is absolutely passionate about her sports career of skiing.
D. She doesn’t owe her success solely to her excellent skills in skiing.
6. Why is the author more thrilled by seeing her interviewees also on the list
A. Because they are all her good friends.
B. Because their glories will benefit her as well.
C. Because she is a generous person who is happy for everyone’s success.
D. Because it indicates a success of a common attitude shared by all of them.
7. What’s the purpose of the author’s writing this passage
A. To introduce the life stories of the people she has interviewed.
B. To persuade youngsters to take up careers they love.
C. To prove the positive relationship between passion and success.
D. To inform the readers of her recent achievements in the career.
C
The power of modern electronic media-the net, mobile phones and video games to capture the attention of the human mind particularly the young mind and then distract it, has lately become a subject of concern. We are, say the worriers, losing the ability to apply ourselves properly to a single task, like reading a book in its entirety or mastering a piece of music on an instrument with the result that our thinking is becoming shallower
Nicholas Carr, the American writer, has explored this theme for his new book The Shallows, in which he argues that new media are not just changing our habits but our brain too. It turns out that the mature human brain is not an immutable seat of personality and intellect but a changeable thing, subject to “neuroplasticity” (神经可塑性). When our activities alter so does the architecture of our brain “I’m not thinking the way I used to think,” writes Carr. “I feel it most strongly when I’m reading.” Years of internet use have, he suspects, dented his ability to read deeply to absorb himself in books: “My brain wasn’t just drifting. It was hungry. It was demanding to be fed the way the net fed it.” He describes getting fidgety when faced with a long text: “When we go online, we enter an environment that promotes cursory reading, hurried and distracted thinking, and superficial learning.”
Carr cites research by Gary Small, a professor of psychiatry at UCLA, who concluded that constant exposure to modern media strengthens new neural pathways while weakening older ones. Just five hours of internet use is enough to awaken previously dormant parts of the brain’s prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮层), concluded Small. For Carr, this is proof that the net can rewire the mind. He sees dangers. Deep thought, the ability to immerse oneself in an area of study, to follow a narrative, to understand an argument and develop a critique, is giving way to skimming. Young users of the Internet are good at drawing together information for a school project, for example, but that does not mean they have digested it.
8. The underlined word “dented” in paragraph 2 means ______.
A. strengthened B. exhausted C. stimulated D. damaged
9. In his new book, The Shallows, Nicholas Carr believes that ______.
A. five hours of net use can rewire the mind
B. modern electronic media help focus users attention on the task
C. electronic media have affected his fulfillment of reading books
D. our brain evolves when fed with information and knowledge from the net
10. What can we learn from the passage
A. The sharper the attention, the sharper the memory.
B. Nicholas Carr’s book on the subject is a bestseller.
C. Superficial thinking and learning are associated with the new media.
D. Years of internet use do harm to people’s management over multi-tasking.
11. What is the overall danger of the Internet that Carr pointed out in the last paragraph
A. Young users cannot digest information from the Internet.
B. Using the Internet will cause damage to our prefrontal cortex.
C. Constant internet use will impair our intensive reading ability
D. The Internet can waste young users’ time to an alarming extent
D
Courage is a highly admired virtue. When asked to describe courage, most people conjure up (脑中浮现) the image of an individual running into a burning building, or maybe a hero saving the world. But there's another form of bravery that's much more important because it comes up more often. It's called moral courage.
Moral courage is the ability that allows us to face our fears and to conquer our darkest fears. It’s the ability to face the future without knowing what is certain. It’s the ability to stand tall and confront those who oppose us, those who prevent us from realizing who we are and what we are. But most importantly, it’s the ability to stand up for what’s right, even though there are risks that stand in your way. Sara Anderson once said that "It takes great courage to faithfully follow what we know to be true."
The potential of showing moral courage has the power of changing the world. It was because of the moral courage that Mahatma Gandhi was able to make India free from British rule. He fought bravely against them without the use of any weapon by presenting great moral courage. In this way, he also became a great example for the people of the whole world. It is not that we remember Gandhi because of his body or beauty. We remember him because of the great ideas and principles of his life.
Moral courage is essential not only for a noble life, but a happy one. Without moral courage, we have no control over our lives. Our fears destroy our spirit and make us trapped in depression. Mark Twain said, “Courage is not the absence of fear but the resistance of fear, the mastery of fear.” If our fears cause us to lose confidence in the power of virtue, we will lose something very precious.
People with moral courage rarely get medals, but it is the best marker of true character and a virtue others can be proud of. We must try to develop the power of moral courage that will surely help in ending injustice and wrong and grant us a better world.
12. What is the main function of Paragraph 1
A. To make a comparison.
B. To propose a definition.
C. To introduce the subject.
D. To provide the background.
13. In the author’s view, moral courage is not _________.
A. the willingness to face and conquer fears
B. the capacity to stick to what is right
C. the ability to confront opponents
D. the desire to control whoever opposes you
14. What does the example of Mahatma Gandhi tell us
A. Moral courage can make a difference to the world.
B. Moral courage makes people faithfully follow the truth.
C. Moral courage is essential for leading a happy life.
D. Moral courage restricts great ideas and principles.
15. What can be inferred from Mark Twain’s words
A. Courage is being brave without any fear.
B. Courage is a spirit to overcome the fear.
C. Having a fear can limit our future lives.
D. Fear can stop us from achieving our goals.
16. What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph
A. To end injustice and wrong.
B. To pursue excellent virtues.
C. To strengthen moral courage.
D. To create a better world.
二、七选五(每小题2分，共10分)
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. ___17___ Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●___18___ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. ___19___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. ___20___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. ___21___ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
A. Feeling upset again
B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
三、完形填空(每小题1.5分，共30分)
At 36, I have three kids and a great husband, and I'm enjoying a challenging but fun career. Although this is ___22___ , sometimes I feel my heart asking if this is who I truly am.
The chaos of the family kitchen ___23___ my brain: the noise of the kettle, pots and the dishes, and the conversation demands while I'm making breakfast. I escape ___24___ to my bedroom. Only in silence do I hear the self that is ___25___ from the children and wonder who that person might be.
So, I journeyed, for the first time in a decade, without my husband or kids. I went with a friend to ___26___ in Iceland. I hoped the consideration of walking would help me better ___27___ who I want to be. For 6 days, I was absorbed in ___28___ scenery and real weather. The mountains in Iceland ___29___ black and tall into the heavens against the white of the snow. Looking outside at wild wind and rain and knowing there's no ___30___ to make freed the soul. Climbing a mountain against sheets of rain and returning to a tent for a simple meal ___31___ me how little I actually needed and how ___32___ I felt when uncomfortable.
I found ___33___ in Iceland, and time to consider “the me” outside of career and kids as I shared stories with strangers with no ___34___ past and no expected future. When I stopped talking and just listened, I was surprised at how my ___35___ changed — I became more generous. I learned generosity can ___36___ more space, more food and more warmth ___37___ when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance.
I came home to noise, chaos and love. I know the answer isn't waiting out there on the top of a mountain or inside my head if I just ___38___ hard enough to hear, and it isn't in conversation with other seeking souls. The answer is in front of me with every step on my own life’s ___39___.
I'm not finding myself, but I'm creating myself. I need the storm as much as I need the quietness. ___40___ is built under a heavy load. I'm expecting to ___41___ all of my loads and travel on.
22. A. progress B. reward C. success D. encouragement
23. A. disturbs B. awakes C. quiets D. ruins
24. A. instantly B. eventually C. suddenly D. briefly
25. A. accessible B. separate C. tired D. different
26. A. hike B. volunteer C. settle D. wander
27. A. judge B. consider C. question D. understand
28. A. changeable B. green C. wild D. surrounding
29. A. turn B. rise C. form D. appear
30. A. picture B. decision C. peace D. promise
31 A. reminded B. warned C. convinced D. told
32. A. stubborn B. nervous C. satisfied D. strong
33. A. confidence B. value C. silence D. happiness
34. A. shared B. painful C. troubled D. glorious
35. A. concern B. attitude C. life D. character
36. A. develop B. explore C. offer D. create
37. A. indeed B. just C. only D. even
38. A. try B. calm C. move D. manage
39. A. design B. choice C. path D. belief
40. A. Pleasure B. Strength C. Spirit D. Pressure
41. A. think over B. deal with C. lay down D. pick up
第II卷(非选择题)
四、语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
语法填空
Special free health kits for COVID-19 control are being provided to children, seniors and those____42____are in need in major cities as the country optimizes its policies to fight the pandemic.
The health kits include medicines, antigen reagents, disinfectants, face masks and thermometers, and are expected to help reduce ____43____ number of infections in communities, authorities said.
Zhang Chunhong, a senior doctor at the Jiangxia district health bureau in Wuhan, Hubei province, said the health kits ____44____(allocate) in Jiangxia mainly include honeysuckle throat syrup, traditional Chinese medicine Lianhua Qingwen, alcohol wipes, masks and antigen tests.
“Masks and alcohol spray and wipes are used for ____45____(prevent) while Lianhua Qingwen and honeysuckle can help relieve symptoms,”he said.
According to Zhang, more than 21,000 health kits____46____ (distribute) so far to front-line medical staff, elderly people and those ____47____ chronic diseases in the district.
Yu Meixia, a staff member at Hubei Jiaotou Wuhuang Expressway Operation Management, said she ____48____(give) a health kit at work last week.
“For our front-line workers, ____49____ is necessary to wear masks and gloves at work, and medicines are effective in avoiding becoming infected, so the kit is____50____ (time),” she said.
“The company asked us to maintain good personal protection every day and immediately report to the company and rest at home____51____we feel unwell or develop relevant symptoms,”said Yu.
五、短文改错(每小题1分，共10分)
52. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I was young, I was really a quietly girl without any interest in sports. Nor I know what volleyball was. However, a competitive match in the 2016 Olympic Games totally changed me. I still remember the wonderful moment where Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team defeated all the other teams and win the gold medal. Instantly, they became my heroine and I even imagined me to be one of them. Apart for playing for fun, I’ve also mastered several skills, like passing the ball and cooperate with my teammates. It’s volleyball which shows me what the courage and perseverance can achieve.
六、书面表达(满分25分)
53. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Eli对中国正在推广的垃圾分类政策很感兴趣，他想了解一下相关情况，请你给他写封回信，内容包括：
1. 上海率先实行；
2. 垃圾须分四类(干、湿、可循环、有害) ；
3. 公众反应。
参考词汇：垃圾分类 trash sorting
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________察哈尔校区高三年级上学期期末试卷(英语)
第I卷(选择题)
一、阅读理解(每小题2分，共30分)
A
What is a TEDx event
TEDx brings the spirit of TED’s mission of “ideas worth spreading” to local communities around the globe. A TEDx event is a local gathering where live TED-like talks and videos previously recorded at TED conferences are shared with a community. TEDx events are fully planned and coordinated independently, on a community-by-community basis. All TEDx events present multiple issues and a diversity of voices from many disciplines. After all, what’s the fun without a little variety
If you want to organize a TEDx event, you’ll need to apply for a TEDx license. No one is qualified to organize an event without being granted a license by TED.
So you want to organize a TEDx event
Before you start, you should know the TEDx rules, which are non-negotiable and mandatory.
General rules
※ We value and welcome young organizers. However, if you’re under 18, you must be supervised by an adult.
※ TED allocates one location-based license series per application. Your TEDx event must happen in the city for which you received the license.
※ Your event must maintain the spirit of TED itself: focused on the power of ideas to change attitudes or lives. Your event may not exceed one day in length.
※ Up to 100 individuals may attend your event. Only those who have attended an official TED conference may organize an event with more than 100 attendees. Even those who have attended one or multiple TEDx events or TEDWomen are not qualified.
※ TEDx events are named after locations, such as cities, neighborhoods, streets etc., and aim to serve that named community. Event names must comply with the guideline for naming your event.
Special attentions
※ A TEDx event is not a platform for professional speakers. Its purpose is to give a platform to those who don’t often have one.
※ A TEDx event cannot be used to raise money, not even for a charity.
※ A TEDx event can’t be co-branded with an institution except under specific license types – for a college or university, or for internal events (for corporations and organizations).
※ TEDx events may not be used to promote spiritual or religious beliefs, commercial products or any kind of political agenda.
※ Every TEDx event either shows only TED Talk videos to its audience or shows both TED Talk videos and live speakers from the community. For events less than half a day in length, two TED Talks videos are required to be shown. For longer events, 25% of the total number of talks must be official TED Talk videos.
1. What do we know from the first part of the passage
A. TEDx speeches should follow a single topic principle.
B. TED organization is not responsible for TEDx events.
C. TEDx is TED-like but it is operated independently.
D. TEDx is based upon prerecorded TED talks.
2. According to the General rules, a TEDx event organizer should ________.
A. name the event after locations
B. host the event in different cities
C. extend the event to one day
D. hold a TED event first
3. Which of the following people may be allowed to make a TEDx speech
A. A professional speaker who wants to motivate people with success stories.
B. A college student who wants to advocate the use of green and renewable energy.
C. A member of a volunteer group who wants to collect money for the war victims.
D. A CEO in a high-tech industry who wants to popularize its newest product.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。文章主要叙述了什么是TEDx，以及如何组织一个TEDx活动的规则及注意事项等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。第一部分中的“TEDX x=independently organized TED event(TEDX =独立组织的TED活动)”可知，TEDx与TED类似，但它是独立运行的，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二部分So you want to organize a TEDx event 的最后一段的第5小点“TEDx events are named after locations, such as cities, neighborhoods, streets etc(TEDx活动以地点命名，如城市、社区、街道等)”可知，根据一般规则，TEDx活动组织者应该以地点命名活动，故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Special attentions”部分中第2小点“A TEDx event cannot be used to raise money, not even for a charity.(TEDX活动不能用于筹款，甚至不能用于慈善活动)”可知A是错误的。第4小点“TEDx events may not be used to promote spiritual or religious beliefs, commercial products or any kind of political agenda.(TEDx活动不得用于宣传精神或宗教信仰、商业产品或任何形式的政治议程)”，可知C和D是错误的。根据第3小点“A TEDx event can’t be co-branded with an institution except under specific license types – for a college or university(TEDx活动不能与任何机构合作，除非有特定的许可类型——学院或大学)”可知，“有特定的授权类型——如学院或大学”是可以的，以及第一部分中的“TEDx brings the spirit of TED’s mission of “ideas worth spreading” to local communities around the globe.(TEDx将TED的使命精神——“值得传播的思想”带到全球各地的地方社区)”可知，TEDx将TED的使命精神传播出去，因此B项中的“A college student who wants to advocate the use of green and renewable energy.(一个希望提倡使用绿色和可再生能源的大学生)”是可以做演讲的，故选B。
B
Youth shines through hardships; life is elevated through hard work.
Xi Jinping, Chinese President
“I don’t think about winning or losing during the competition. I just do my best, and the rewards come naturally,’’ Gu Ailing, freeskier from Chinese Olympic team, said in an interview.
When I had this interview with Gu in 2021, the young skier had just achieved record- breaking wins for two gold medals at the world championships in Aspen, US. But what impressed me most was how she treated her great achievements. While many people consider Gu talented, she believes she is just one of the many sports lovers, who with such pure passion, could overcome any obstacles or setbacks and enjoy doing what they love.
Her words struck a chord with me. As a young journalist covering the youth of today, I have written thousands of reports, digging up inspirational stories among Gen Zers who are born between 1995 and 2010. I also look tor different ways to make their stories known by more people, For example, I have made videos on hot topics while also writing articles.
My efforts have reaped fruits. On April 15, I was awarded as a national outstanding member of the Communist Youth League of China (CYLC).
I am so honored, but what makes me more thrilled is that some of my interviewees are also on the list. We are all exploring different career paths, but we share the same attitude toward our passions like Gu. This award, I believe, is for the spirit of Chinese young people.
For example, the awardees from the Sanxingdui Museum have a passion to bring the 3.000-year-old Sanxingdui relics back to life and reveal a magnificent civilization in history. In October 2021,1 went to the museum and interviewed two young restorers there. Through working with them I got to know that restoration is a long process, and they might repeat one single action carefully every day for several months. ”We are doing ordinary things and we just do our best, "said one of the restorers. This was how they saw their work.
I believe similar situations can be found in the story of every awardee. Just as the lyrics of the popular song Lonely Warrior go, “who said heroes can’t be ordinary souls ’’ We are all ordinary people doing our best for our passions, and together we can make extraordinary achievements.
4. What does the underlined word “elevate’’ (Line 1) mean in the context
A. lift up B. promote C. increase D. cheer up
5. Which of the following statements regarding Gu Ailing is WRONG
A. She believes enthusiasm and passion can overcome any difficulties.
B. She is regarded as a genius sports player by a minority of people.
C. She is absolutely passionate about her sports career of skiing.
D. She doesn’t owe her success solely to her excellent skills in skiing.
6. Why is the author more thrilled by seeing her interviewees also on the list
A. Because they are all her good friends.
B. Because their glories will benefit her as well.
C. Because she is a generous person who is happy for everyone’s success.
D. Because it indicates a success of a common attitude shared by all of them.
7. What’s the purpose of the author’s writing this passage
A. To introduce the life stories of the people she has interviewed.
B. To persuade youngsters to take up careers they love.
C. To prove the positive relationship between passion and success.
D. To inform the readers of her recent achievements in the career.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过谷爱凌的例子，说明了激情和成功之间的积极关系。作者认为我们都是普通人，为了自己的激情尽自己最大的努力，我们一起可以取得非凡的成就。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Youth shines through hardships(青春在苦难中闪耀)”以及后文“through hard work”可知，上文提到青春在苦难中闪耀，强调了苦难的作用，故后半句是在说明生活通过努力而改善。故画线词意思是“改善”。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“While many people consider Gu talented, she believes she is just one of the many sports lovers, who with such pure passion, could overcome any obstacles or setbacks and enjoy doing what they love.(尽管很多人都认为谷有才华，但她相信自己只是众多体育爱好者中的一员，凭借这种纯粹的激情，她可以克服任何障碍或挫折，享受自己喜欢的事情)”可知，B选项“她被少数人认为是体育天才”错误。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“I am so honored, but what makes me more thrilled is that some of my interviewees are also on the list. We arc all exploring different career paths, but we share the same attitude toward our passions like Gu. This award, I believe, is for the spirit of Chinese young people.(我很荣幸，但更让我激动的是我的一些受接见者也在名单上。我们都在探索不同的职业道路，但是我们对待自己的激情有着相同的态度，就像谷一样。我相信，这个奖项是为了表彰中国年轻人的精神)”可知，作者看到她的受访者也在名单上时更激动是因为这表明他们所有人的共同态度是成功的。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“While many people consider Gu talented, she believes she is just one of the many sports lovers, who with such pure passion, could overcome any obstacles or setbacks and enjoy doing what they love.(尽管很多人都认为谷有才华，但她相信自己只是众多体育爱好者中的一员，凭借这种纯粹的激情，她可以克服任何障碍或挫折，享受自己喜欢的事情)”以及最后一段中“We are all ordinary people doing our best for our passions, and together we can make extraordinary achievements.(我们都是普通人，为了自己的激情尽自己最大的努力，我们一起可以取得非凡的成就)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是证明激情和成功之间的积极关系。故选C。
C
The power of modern electronic media-the net, mobile phones and video games to capture the attention of the human mind particularly the young mind and then distract it, has lately become a subject of concern. We are, say the worriers, losing the ability to apply ourselves properly to a single task, like reading a book in its entirety or mastering a piece of music on an instrument with the result that our thinking is becoming shallower
Nicholas Carr, the American writer, has explored this theme for his new book The Shallows, in which he argues that new media are not just changing our habits but our brain too. It turns out that the mature human brain is not an immutable seat of personality and intellect but a changeable thing, subject to “neuroplasticity” (神经可塑性). When our activities alter so does the architecture of our brain “I’m not thinking the way I used to think,” writes Carr. “I feel it most strongly when I’m reading.” Years of internet use have, he suspects, dented his ability to read deeply to absorb himself in books: “My brain wasn’t just drifting. It was hungry. It was demanding to be fed the way the net fed it.” He describes getting fidgety when faced with a long text: “When we go online, we enter an environment that promotes cursory reading, hurried and distracted thinking, and superficial learning.”
Carr cites research by Gary Small, a professor of psychiatry at UCLA, who concluded that constant exposure to modern media strengthens new neural pathways while weakening older ones. Just five hours of internet use is enough to awaken previously dormant parts of the brain’s prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮层), concluded Small. For Carr, this is proof that the net can rewire the mind. He sees dangers. Deep thought, the ability to immerse oneself in an area of study, to follow a narrative, to understand an argument and develop a critique, is giving way to skimming. Young users of the Internet are good at drawing together information for a school project, for example, but that does not mean they have digested it.
8. The underlined word “dented” in paragraph 2 means ______.
A. strengthened B. exhausted C. stimulated D. damaged
9. In his new book, The Shallows, Nicholas Carr believes that ______.
A. five hours of net use can rewire the mind
B modern electronic media help focus users attention on the task
C. electronic media have affected his fulfillment of reading books
D. our brain evolves when fed with information and knowledge from the net
10. What can we learn from the passage
A. The sharper the attention, the sharper the memory.
B. Nicholas Carr’s book on the subject is a bestseller.
C. Superficial thinking and learning are associated with the new media.
D. Years of internet use do harm to people’s management over multi-tasking.
11. What is the overall danger of the Internet that Carr pointed out in the last paragraph
A. Young users cannot digest information from the Internet.
B. Using the Internet will cause damage to our prefrontal cortex.
C. Constant internet use will impair our intensive reading ability
D. The Internet can waste young users’ time to an alarming extent
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了现代电子媒体不仅改变了我们的习惯，也改变了我们的大脑。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“He describes getting fidgety when faced with a long text: “When we go online, we enter an environment that promotes cursory reading, hurried and distracted thinking, and superficial learning.””(他描述了自己在面对长篇文章时变得焦躁不安的情况:“当我们上网时，我们进入了一个促进草草阅读、匆忙和分心思考、肤浅学习的环境。”)”可知，此处表达作者因为多年的网络使用，使他无法再沉下心来阅读长篇文章，所以是损害了他深入阅读、全身心投入书籍的能力，所以dented意思是是“损害”之意，和damaged意思相近。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Nicholas Carr, the American writer, has explored this theme for his new book The Shallows, in which he argues that new media are not just changing our habits but our brain too.(美国作家尼古拉斯·卡尔在他的新书《浅滩》中探讨了这一主题。他在书中认为，新媒体不仅改变了我们的习惯，也改变了我们的大脑)”以及“When our activities alter so does the architecture of our brain “I’m not thinking the way I used to think,” writes Carr. “I feel it most strongly when I’m reading.” Years of internet use have, he suspects, dented his ability to read deeply to absorb himself in books: “My brain wasn’t just drifting. It was hungry. It was demanding to be fed the way the net fed it.” He describes getting fidgety when faced with a long text: “When we go online, we enter an environment that promotes cursory reading, hurried and distracted thinking, and superficial learning.””(“当我阅读时，这种感觉最强烈。”他怀疑，多年的网络使用削弱了他深入阅读、全身心投入书籍的能力:“我的大脑不只是飘忽不定。它饿了。它要求以网络喂养它的方式喂养它。”他描述了自己在面对长篇文章时变得焦躁不安的情况:“当我们上网时，我们进入了一个促进草草阅读、匆忙和分心思考、肤浅学习的环境。”)”可知，尼古拉斯·卡尔在他的新书《浅滩》中认为电子媒体影响了他读书的满足感。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题，根据第二段中“He describes getting fidgety when faced with a long text: “When we go online, we enter an environment that promotes cursory reading, hurried and distracted thinking, and superficial learning.””(他描述了自己在面对长篇文章时变得焦躁不安的情况：“当我们上网时，我们进入了一个促进草草阅读、匆忙和分心思考、肤浅学习的环境。”)”可知，在本文中我们可以看到肤浅的思考和学习与新媒体联系在一起。故选C项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“For Carr, this is proof that the net can rewire the mind. He sees dangers. Deep thought, the ability to immerse oneself in an area of study, to follow a narrative, to understand an argument and develop a critique, is giving way to skimming.(对于卡尔来说，这证明了网络可以重塑思维。他看到了危险。深入思考，让自己沉浸在一个研究领域的能力，追随一段叙述，理解一个论点并提出批评，正在让位于略读)”可知，卡尔在本段中指出的互联网的总体危险是经常上网会让我们倾向于略读一段文字，这会损害我们的精读能力。故选C项。
D
Courage is a highly admired virtue. When asked to describe courage, most people conjure up (脑中浮现) the image of an individual running into a burning building, or maybe a hero saving the world. But there's another form of bravery that's much more important because it comes up more often. It's called moral courage.
Moral courage is the ability that allows us to face our fears and to conquer our darkest fears. It’s the ability to face the future without knowing what is certain. It’s the ability to stand tall and confront those who oppose us, those who prevent us from realizing who we are and what we are. But most importantly, it’s the ability to stand up for what’s right, even though there are risks that stand in your way. Sara Anderson once said that "It takes great courage to faithfully follow what we know to be true."
The potential of showing moral courage has the power of changing the world. It was because of the moral courage that Mahatma Gandhi was able to make India free from British rule. He fought bravely against them without the use of any weapon by presenting great moral courage. In this way, he also became a great example for the people of the whole world. It is not that we remember Gandhi because of his body or beauty. We remember him because of the great ideas and principles of his life.
Moral courage is essential not only for a noble life, but a happy one. Without moral courage, we have no control over our lives. Our fears destroy our spirit and make us trapped in depression. Mark Twain said, “Courage is not the absence of fear but the resistance of fear, the mastery of fear.” If our fears cause us to lose confidence in the power of virtue, we will lose something very precious.
People with moral courage rarely get medals, but it is the best marker of true character and a virtue others can be proud of. We must try to develop the power of moral courage that will surely help in ending injustice and wrong and grant us a better world.
12. What is the main function of Paragraph 1
A. To make a comparison.
B. To propose a definition.
C. To introduce the subject.
D. To provide the background.
13. In the author’s view, moral courage is not _________.
A. the willingness to face and conquer fears
B the capacity to stick to what is right
C. the ability to confront opponents
D. the desire to control whoever opposes you
14. What does the example of Mahatma Gandhi tell us
A. Moral courage can make a difference to the world.
B. Moral courage makes people faithfully follow the truth.
C. Moral courage is essential for leading a happy life.
D. Moral courage restricts great ideas and principles.
15. What can be inferred from Mark Twain’s words
A. Courage is being brave without any fear.
B. Courage is a spirit to overcome the fear.
C. Having a fear can limit our future lives.
D. Fear can stop us from achieving our goals.
16. What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph
A. To end injustice and wrong.
B. To pursue excellent virtues.
C. To strengthen moral courage.
D. To create a better world.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文，主要阐述了什么是道德勇气，以及道德勇气的重要性。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据以第一段“Courage is a highly admired virtue.(勇气是一种备受推崇的美德。)”，和“But there's another form of bravery that's much more important because it comes up more often. It's called moral courage.(但是还有另一种形式的勇敢更重要，因为它出现的频率更高。这叫道德勇气。)”可知，本文重点介绍道德勇气。且下文主要讲述了什么是道德勇气，以及道德勇气的重要性。所以，第一段的主要目的是引出话题，故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Moral courage is the ability that allows us to face our fears and to conquer our darkest fears. It’s the ability to face the future without knowing what is certain. It’s the ability to stand tall and confront those who oppose us, those who prevent us from realizing who we are and what we are. But most importantly, it’s the ability to stand up for what’s right, even though there are risks that stand in your way.( 道德勇气是一种能力，使我们能够面对自己的恐惧，克服最黑暗的恐惧。这是一种在不知道什么是确定的情况下面对未来的能力。这是一种能够挺身而出，直面那些反对我们的人，那些阻止我们认识自己和自己的人的能力。但最重要的是，这是一种坚持什么是正确的能力，即使存在阻碍你前进的风险)”可知，在作者看来，道德勇气不是控制任何反对你的人的欲望，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The potential of showing moral courage has the power of changing the world. It was because of the moral courage that Mahatma Gandhi was able to make India free from British rule.(道德勇气的潜力具有改变世界的力量。正是由于这种道德勇气，圣雄甘地才能够使印度摆脱英国的统治。)”可知，真是由于甘地有道德勇气，才使得印度独立。道德勇气在改变世界中起着重要作用，故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Courage is not the absence of fear but the resistance of fear, the mastery of fear.(勇气不是没有恐惧，而是对恐惧的抵抗，对恐惧的掌握。)”可知，勇气是一种克服恐惧的精神，故选B。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“We must try to develop the power of moral courage that will surely help in ending injustice and wrong and grant us a better world.(我们必须努力发展道德勇气的力量，这必将有助于结束不公正和错误，给我们一个更美好的世界。)”可知，作者建议我们要增强道德勇气，故选C。
二、七选五(每小题2分，共10分)
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. ___17___ Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●___18___ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. ___19___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. ___20___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. ___21___ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
A. Feeling upset again
B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
【答案】17. B 18. F 19. D 20. C 21. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
【17题详解】
根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where do you start (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的You will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D. Remember, you are only human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。
【21题详解】
结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are (翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项A. Feeling upset again (再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
三、完形填空(每小题1.5分，共30分)
At 36, I have three kids and a great husband, and I'm enjoying a challenging but fun career. Although this is ___22___ , sometimes I feel my heart asking if this is who I truly am.
The chaos of the family kitchen ___23___ my brain: the noise of the kettle pots and the dishes, and the conversation demands while I'm making breakfast. I escape ___24___ to my bedroom. Only in silence do I hear the self that is ___25___ from the children and wonder who that person might be.
So, I journeyed, for the first time in a decade, without my husband or kids. I went with a friend to ___26___ in Iceland. I hoped the consideration of walking would help me better ___27___ who I want to be. For 6 days, I was absorbed in ___28___ scenery and real weather. The mountains in Iceland ___29___ black and tall into the heavens against the white of the snow. Looking outside at wild wind and rain and knowing there's no ___30___ to make freed the soul. Climbing a mountain against sheets of rain and returning to a tent for a simple meal ___31___ me how little I actually needed and how ___32___ I felt when uncomfortable.
I found ___33___ in Iceland, and time to consider “the me” outside of career and kids as I shared stories with strangers with no ___34___ past and no expected future. When I stopped talking and just listened, I was surprised at how my ___35___ changed — I became more generous. I learned generosity can ___36___ more space, more food and more warmth ___37___ when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance.
I came home to noise, chaos and love. I know the answer isn't waiting out there on the top of a mountain or inside my head if I just ___38___ hard enough to hear, and it isn't in conversation with other seeking souls. The answer is in front of me with every step on my own life’s ___39___.
I'm not finding myself, but I'm creating myself. I need the storm as much as I need the quietness. ___40___ is built under a heavy load. I'm expecting to ___41___ all of my loads and travel on.
22. A. progress B. reward C. success D. encouragement
23. A. disturbs B. awakes C. quiets D. ruins
24. A. instantly B. eventually C. suddenly D. briefly
25. A. accessible B. separate C. tired D. different
26. A. hike B. volunteer C. settle D. wander
27. A. judge B. consider C. question D. understand
28. A. changeable B. green C. wild D. surrounding
29. A. turn B. rise C. form D. appear
30. A. picture B. decision C. peace D. promise
31. A. reminded B. warned C. convinced D. told
32. A. stubborn B. nervous C. satisfied D. strong
33. A. confidence B. value C. silence D. happiness
34. A. shared B. painful C. troubled D. glorious
35. A. concern B. attitude C. life D. character
36. A. develop B. explore C. offer D. create
37. A. indeed B. just C. only D. even
38. A. try B. calm C. move D. manage
39. A. design B. choice C. path D. belief
40. A. Pleasure B. Strength C. Spirit D. Pressure
41. A. think over B. deal with C. lay down D. pick up
【答案】22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. B 41. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了为了寻找真正的自我，作者踏上冰岛之旅。回来之后，她意识到答案不在遥远的冰岛，而在人生道路中的每一步中。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这是成功，但有时我会感到我的心在问这是不是真正的我自己。A. progress进步；B. reward奖励；C. success成功；D. encouragement鼓励。根据上文At 36, I have three kids and a great husband, and I'm enjoying a challenging but fun career.(36岁的我有三个孩子和一个好丈夫，还有一份有挑战性但有趣的职业。)可知作者有家也有好工作，这是成功的。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：家庭厨房的混乱扰乱了我的大脑。A. disturbs扰乱；B. awakes唤醒；C. quiets使安静；D. ruins毁灭。由下文I escape ___3___ to my bedroom.(我逃到卧室去)可知作者对这些混乱是懊恼的，根据第2个空前后的The chaos of the family kitchen和my brain可知A项（扰乱）符合文章感彩。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我暂时逃到我的卧室。A. instantly立即；B. eventually最终；C. suddenly突然；D. briefly短暂地。根据上文中的the noise of the kettle, pots and the dishes, and the conversation demands while I’m making breakfast.(水壶、锅碗瓢盆的噪音，做早餐时要应对的谈话。)可知我对这些混乱十分烦恼，暂时躲到卧室去。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有在沉默中，我才能听到与孩子们分离的自我，并好奇那个人可能是谁。A. accessible可到达的；B. separate分开的；C. tired劳累的；D. different不同的。分析句子可知that is ___4___ from the children作为定语从句，先行词是the self。根据下文I journeyed...without my husband or kids. I hoped the consideration of walking would help me better ___6___ who I want to be.可知我徒步旅行寻找真正的自我，没带着丈夫和孩子。由此可推知出此句中的自我是与孩子相分离的。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和一个朋友去冰岛远足。A. hike徒步旅行；B. volunteer志愿；C. settle定居；D. wander闲逛。由下文的the consideration of walking可知作者是去徒步旅行，故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望此次远足能帮助我更好地了解我想成为谁。A. judge判断；B. consider考虑；C. question提问；D. understand了解。根据上文Only in silence do I hear the self that is ___4___ from the children and wonder who that person might be.可知作者十分好奇真正的自我是什么样的，根据空前后的I hoped the consideration of walking would help me better和who I want to be可知此处指作者希望此次远足能帮助自己更好地了解自己想成为谁。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：六天来，我沉溺于野外风景和真实的天气。A. changeable可改变的；B. green绿色的；C. wild野生的；D. surrounding周围的。根据下文Looking outside at wild wind and rain可知此时作者正身处野外，经历风雨。因此可推断出此处指“野外的风景”，故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：冰岛的群山在白雪的映衬下又黑又高地直指云霄。A. turn转；B. rise升起；C. form形成；D. appear出现。此处描写群山高耸入云，根据下文中的into the heavens可知应使用动词rise(上升)，符合语境，故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着外面狂风暴雨，我知道没有决定要释放灵魂。A. picture图片；B. decision决定；C. peace和平；D. promise承诺。根据前半句Looking outside at wild wind and rain可知此时作者身处恶劣环境中，因此联系上文可以推理知此处指“没有做出释放灵魂的决定”。decision符合语境，故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在雨中爬山，回到帐篷里吃一顿简单的饭，让我意识到自己其实所需的是那么少，不舒服的时候又是多么的坚强。A. reminded提醒；B. warned警告；C. convinced劝服；D. told告诉。根据空前Climbing a mountain against sheets of rain and returning to a tent for a simple meal(在雨中爬山，回到帐篷里吃一顿简单的饭)可知作者在这糟糕的环境中有所感悟，因此空前的经历在“提醒”读者自己其实所需的是那么少，不舒服的时候又是多么的坚强。reminded符合语境，故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在雨中爬山，回到帐篷里吃一顿简单的饭，让我意识到自己其实所需的是那么少，不舒服的时候又是多么的坚强。A. stubborn固执的；B. nervous紧张的；C. satisfied满意的；D. strong强壮的。作者在冰岛徒步期间能够克服恶劣的天气，适应简单的饮食，因此再根据I felt when uncomfortable可知此处指在不舒服时是“强壮的”，strong符合语境，故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：冰岛很寂静，当我和陌生人分享故事时，我有时间考虑事业和孩子之外的“我”，那些陌生人没有共同的过去和预期的未来。A. confidence自信；B. value价值；C. silence沉默；D. happiness幸福。根据语境可知，在冰岛上远离了家里的嘈杂，作者在这里度过沉默寂静的时光。再根据第二段中的Only in silence do I hear the self that is ___4___ from the children(只有在沉默中，我才能倾听与孩子们分离的自我)可知作者在冰岛的沉默中去考虑“事业和孩子之外的自我”。silence符合语境，故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：冰岛很寂静，当我和陌生人分享故事时，我有时间考虑事业和孩子之外的“我”，那些陌生人没有共同的过去和预期的未来。A. shared分享；B. painful痛苦的；C. troubled麻烦的；D. glorious光荣的。根据常识可知陌生人是没有共同相似的过去经历的，因此此处用no shared修饰“陌生人的过去”符合常理，故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我停止说话，只是倾听，我惊讶于我的态度如何改变——我变得更加慷慨。A. concern担忧；B. attitude态度；C. life生活；D. character角色。根据破折号后的进一步解释I became more generous.(我变得更加慷慨)可知此处是指我的“态度”上的改变，故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学到了慷慨可以创造更多的空间，更多的食物和更多的温暖，甚至是在乍一看似乎不足以提供给所有人的时候。A. develop发展；B. explore探索；C. offer提供；D. create创造。根据上文中的“我变得更加慷慨”可知此句陈述的是“慷慨的好处”，因此根据空前后的generosity can和more space, more food and more warmth可知此处是指慷慨可以“创造”更多的空间，更多的食物和更多的温暖。create符合语境，故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我学到了慷慨可以创造更多的空间，更多的食物和更多的温暖，甚至是在乍一看似乎不足以提供给所有人的时候。A. indeed确实；B. just仅仅；C. only只有；D. even甚至。根据所填空后的时间状语从句when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance(在乍一看似乎不足以提供给所有人的时候)可知这是一个不好的情境，因此此处要表达“甚至在不好的情境中，慷慨也可以创造更多的东西”，even符合此处感彩及逻辑关系，故选D项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道如果我努力去倾听，答案不是在山顶上等待，也不是在我的头脑里等待，也不是在和其他寻求灵魂的人交谈。A. try努力；B. calm冷静；C. move移动；D. manage管理。根据下一句The answer is in front of me with every step on my own life’s ___18___.(答案就在我面前，在我人生的每一步。)及所填空后的hard enough to hear可知作者认为“只要努力倾听，答案就在面前”。try符合语境，故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：答案就在我面前，在我人生道路上的每一步。A. design设计；B. choice选择；C. path小路；D. belief信仰。根据空前的every step on my own life’s可知此处指“在我人生道路上的每一步”。life’s path意为“人生道路”，符合语境，故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：力量是在沉重的负荷下形成的。A. Pleasure愉悦；B. Strength力量；C. Spirit精神；D. Pressure压力。根据上文 I’m creating myself. I need the storm as much as I need the quietness.可知作者认为自己在风雨中创造自己，再根据空后的is built under a heavy load.因此可判断出此处指在沉重的负荷下形成的是“力量”，Strength符合语境，故选B项。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我期待拾起所有重负，继续行进。A. think over考虑；B. deal with处理；C. lay down躺下；D. pick up拾起。根据上文I need the storm as much as I need the quietness.(我需要风雨如同需要平静一样)可知作者的态度，作者认为在风雨中成就自己，因此她会“拾起”所有重负，继续行进。pick up all of my loads意为“拾起所有重负”，符合语境，故选D项。
第II卷(非选择题)
四、语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
语法填空
Special free health kits for COVID-19 control are being provided to children, seniors and those____42____are in need in major cities as the country optimizes its policies to fight the pandemic.
The health kits include medicines, antigen reagents, disinfectants, face masks and thermometers, and are expected to help reduce ____43____ number of infections in communities, authorities said.
Zhang Chunhong, a senior doctor at the Jiangxia district health bureau in Wuhan, Hubei province, said the health kits ____44____(allocate) in Jiangxia mainly include honeysuckle throat syrup, traditional Chinese medicine Lianhua Qingwen, alcohol wipes, masks and antigen tests.
“Masks and alcohol spray and wipes are used for ____45____(prevent) while Lianhua Qingwen and honeysuckle can help relieve symptoms,”he said.
According to Zhang, more than 21,000 health kits____46____ (distribute) so far to front-line medical staff, elderly people and those ____47____ chronic diseases in the district.
Yu Meixia, a staff member at Hubei Jiaotou Wuhuang Expressway Operation Management, said she ____48____(give) a health kit at work last week.
“For our front-line workers, ____49____ is necessary to wear masks and gloves at work, and medicines are effective in avoiding becoming infected, so the kit is____50____ (time),” she said.
“The company asked us to maintain good personal protection every day and immediately report to the company and rest at home____51____we feel unwell or develop relevant symptoms,”said Yu.
【答案】42. who
43. the 44. being allocated
45. prevention
46. have been distributed
47. with
48. was given 49. it
50. timely 51. if##when
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着国家优化抗疫政策，国家正在向主要城市的儿童、老年人和有需要的人提供免费的新型冠状病毒控制专用医疗包。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：随着国家优化抗疫政策，正在向主要城市的儿童、老年人和有需要的人提供免费的新型冠状病毒控制专用医疗包。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词those指人，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词who来引导。故填who。
【43题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：当局表示，这些卫生包包括药品、抗原试剂、消毒剂、口罩和温度计，预计将有助于减少社区感染人数。分析句意可知，此处用定冠词the构成固定短语the number of表示“……的数目”。故填the。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：湖北省武汉市江夏区卫生局的高级医生张春红说，江夏区分配的卫生包主要包括金银花喉糖浆、中药联花清瘟、酒精湿巾、口罩和抗原检测试剂盒。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作后置定语，又因为allocate和kits之间是被动关系，表示正在发生，用being done形式。故填being allocated。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：他说：“口罩、酒精喷雾和湿巾用于预防，莲花清文和金银花可以帮助缓解症状。”分析句意再根据介词for可知，此处用提示词的名词形式作宾语。故填prevention。
【46题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：据张说，到目前为止，已经向该地区的一线医务人员，老年人和慢性病患者分发了21,000多个健康包。根据so far可知，本句的时态应该用现在完成时，又因为主语为复数名词，所以助动词用have；再根据句意，distribute和主语health kits之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been distributed。
【47题详解】
考查介词。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，此处用with短语作后置定语修饰代词those表示“伴有”慢性病的那些人。故填with。
48题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：湖北交头五黄高速公路运营管理中心的工作人员于梅霞表示，她上周在工作时收到了一个卫生包。根据上文的said可知，本句的时态为一般过去时，再分析句意，give和主语she之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was given。
【49题详解】
考查代词。句意：她说：“对于我们的一线工作人员来说，在工作时戴口罩和手套是必要的，药物对避免感染是有效的，所以这个工具包是及时的。”分析句式结构可知，此处用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故填it。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：同上。根据空格前的被动词is可知，此处用形容词作表语，所以空格处用提示词的形容词形式。故填timely。
【51题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：余说：“公司要求我们每天做好个人防护，如果感到不适或出现相关症状，立即向公司报告，并在家休息。”分析句式结构可知，本句是主从复合句，再分析句意，此处用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”或用when引导时间状语从句。故填if/when。
五、短文改错(每小题1分，共10分)
52. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I was young, I was really a quietly girl without any interest in sports. Nor I know what volleyball was. However, a competitive match in the 2016 Olympic Games totally changed me. I still remember the wonderful moment where Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team defeated all the other teams and win the gold medal. Instantly, they became my heroine and I even imagined me to be one of them. Apart for playing for fun, I’ve also mastered several skills, like passing the ball and cooperate with my teammates. It’s volleyball which shows me what the courage and perseverance can achieve.
【答案】1.quietly→quiet
2.Nor前加did
3.where→when
4.win→won
5.heroine→heroines
6.me→meself
7.for→from
8.cooperate→cooperating
9.which→that
10.去掉the
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己最喜欢的排球运动及其原因。
【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：当我年轻的时候，我真的是一个安静的女孩，对体育运动没有任何兴趣。修饰名词用形容词作定语。故将quietly改为quiet。
2.考查倒装句和时态。句意：我也不知道排球是什么。Nor置句首句子使用部分倒装句，根据上下文内容可知，讲述的是过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故在Nor后加did。
3.考查定语从句。句意：我仍然记得中国女排击败所有其他球队赢得金牌的精彩时刻。分析句子可知，the wonderful moment在后面的从句作时间状语，用关系副词when引导定语从句。故将where改为when。
4.考查时态。句意同上。根据上文的“the 2016 Olympic Games”可知，此处讲述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故将win改为won。
5.考查名词复数。句意：他们立刻成为了我的女英雄，我甚至想象我是他们中的一员。根据句意和主语they可知，heroine用复数。故填heroines。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。主语和宾语指同一事物，宾语用反身代词。故将me改为myself。
7.考查介词短语。句意：除了为了好玩，我还掌握了很多技巧，比如传球和与队友合作一样。apart from“除了……外”是固定短语。故将for改为from。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。And连接并列成分作介词like的宾语，作宾语用动名词形式。故将cooperate改为cooperating。
9.考查强调句型。句意：是排球向我展示了勇气和毅力所能取得的东西。分析句子可知，此处考查强调句型，强调主语volleyball。故将which改为that。
10.考查冠词。句意同上。courage是不可数名词，此处表示泛指，不加冠词。故去掉the。
六、书面表达(满分25分)
53. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Eli对中国正在推广的垃圾分类政策很感兴趣，他想了解一下相关情况，请你给他写封回信，内容包括：
1. 上海率先实行；
2. 垃圾须分四类(干、湿、可循环、有害) ；
3. 公众反应。
参考词汇：垃圾分类 trash sorting
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Eli,
Having learned that you are interested in the trash-sorting program promoted recently in China, I am here writing to give you a brief introduction.
As far as I know, Shanghai has become the pioneer of our country's waste sorting policy. As of July 1st this year, the residents in Shanghai have not been able to dump their waste bags in whichever bin was closest. On the contrary, domestic waste is required to be classified into four categories: dry refuse, wet trash, recyclable waste and dangerous waste.
Faced with the new rule, many citizens in Shanghai are finding it a little too complicated, with every item of waste now under careful scrutiny and classification. Still, there are more people who warmly support the policy because it helps people to cultivate greener lifestyle habits and helps China to become a more beautiful country.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生美国朋友Eli写封邮件，向他介绍中国正在推广的垃圾分类政策。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和现在完成时,少量现在进行时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 介绍上海率先实行；
2. 介绍垃圾须分四类(干、湿、可循环、有害) ；
3. 介绍公众反应。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
the trash-sorting program; the pioneer of our country's waste sorting policy; dump their waste bags; be classified into four categories; a little too complicated; under careful scrutiny and classification; warmly support the policy; cultivate greener lifestyle habits; become a more beautiful country
第三步：连词成句
1. Having learned that you are interested in the trash-sorting program promoted recently in China, I am here writing to give you a brief introduction.
2. As far as I know, Shanghai has become the pioneer of our country's waste sorting policy.
3. As of July 1st this year, the residents in Shanghai have not been able to dump their waste bags in whichever bin was closest.
4. On the contrary, domestic waste is required to be classified into four categories: dry refuse, wet trash, recyclable waste and dangerous waste.
5. Faced with the new rule, many citizens in Shanghai are finding it a little too complicated, with every item of waste now under careful scrutiny and classification.
6. Still, there are more people who warmly support the policy because it helps people to cultivate greener lifestyle habits and helps China to become a more beautiful country.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表转折对比关系：On the contrary
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Having learned that you are interested in the trash-sorting program promoted recently in China, I am here writing to give you a brief introduction.（现在分词的完成式作状语）
[高分句型2]. Faced with the new rule, many citizens in Shanghai are finding it a little too complicated, with every item of waste now under careful scrutiny and classification.（过去分词作状语）
[高分句型3]. Still, there are more people who warmly support the policy because it helps people to cultivate greener lifestyle habits and helps China to become a more beautiful country.（who引导的定语从句）
