长春田中实高2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试
英语试题答案
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observations; with; that;paid;to attend; height; related; to explore;
recommendations; carried
Developing space technology，worthwhile or not
With the development of space technology, human beings are exploring further into the space. Those space experiments and explorations cost huge sums of money, which, quite a number of people think, should have been used to protect human natural environment and solve the problems we all are facing.
This might be true，but I think in the long run human will have to turn to other planets when all the resources are used up. For example, human could make use of the mines on the moon and conduct special experiments in the space. Moreover, some of the new technologies employed in space could be used in our daily life and thus created a better life for us.
All in all, space technology development is sure to benefit all human beings and it is well worth it.长春田中实高2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Which of the following does the woman advise the man to buy
A. A toy bear. B. A book C. A telescope.
2. Who broke the pen
A. The man B. The woman. C. The man’s mother.
3. When are the speakers going to leave
A. At 2:45. B. At 3:15. C. At 3:45.
4.Where did Lucy probably go just now
A. To the bookstore. B. To the post office. C. To the supermarket
5. How does the man want to travel
A. By car. B. By train. C.By plane.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the speakers’ attitude towards taking the bus
A. Unconcerned. B. Negative. C. Understanding.
7. What will the speakers do next
A. Ride a bicycle. B. Hold a party. C. Wait for another bus.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What did the man do a week ago
A. He began to write his essay.
B. He went to a club meeting.
C. He handed in his physical paper.
9. What is the woman’s English essay about
A. A typical foreign school.
B. A typical foreign school day.
C. A writer in another country.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does Jack offer to do for Mary
A.Show her around the neighborhood.
B. Help her improve her English.
C. Introduce her to his neighbors.
11. What does Mary plan to do on Thursday
A. Look for a flat. B. Meet a friend. C. Decorate a garden.
12. What will Jack’s neighbors prepare for the gathering
A. Some coffee. B.A cake. C. Some flowers.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Strangers. B. Relatives. C. Roommates.
14. Where did the man get the information about the flat
A. On the blackboard. B. On the Internet. C. In the newspaper
15. How many bedrooms are there in the flat
A. One. B. Three. C.Two.
16. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Pay the rent first. B. Go to see the flat. C.Call her this afternoon
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about
A. His hobbies. B. His school daily routine. C. His weekend plan.
18. How long do morning classes take
A. 4.5 hours B. 4 hours. C.3.5 hours.
19. What kind of sport does the speaker like to play after class
A. Table tennis. B. Football. C. Basketball.
20. What does the speaker usually do between 10:00 pm and 10:30 pm
A. He takes a bath. B. He does his homework. C.He listens to music.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day (24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
21. What is an advantage of MacBike
A. It gives children a discount. B. It has over 2,500 rental shops
C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It offers many types of bikes.
22. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
A.?22.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?15.75. D. ?29.50.
23. Where does the guided city tour start
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B.Dam Square.
C. Heineken Brewery. D.The Skinny Bridge.
B
A team of researchers at ETH Zurich has the perfect long-lasting solution to our fog problem. They have developed a very thin and gold-based transparent coating（涂层）that can convert sunlight into heat, which can be applied to glass and other surfaces to prevent them from fogging.
The special coating is developed using titanium oxide and gold particles. It selectively absorbs infrared radiations（红外线照射）from the sunlight and creates a heating effect that is powerful enough to keep fog away from the surface of an object. The coating basically employs heat to stop fogging. The coating absorbs a large part of the infrared radiation, which causes it to heat up — by up to 8℃.
Previously, products like anti-fogging sprays create a very thin film of water on the surface to remove fog. The problem with such surfaces is pollution. Along with water, the sprays also attract dirt, dust, oil, and various other dirty substances, and just a little dirt on the surface makes it useless. However, the new coating repels（排斥）water. Furthermore, the coating is significantly thinner, which makes it more transparent as well as flexible. It is heated passively and requires, during daytime, no additional energy source.
Gold might be expensive, but the researchers stress that their coating requires so little that the material costs remain low. Their coating is produced with standardized and readily scalable methods, all cost-effectively. However, although this product can work at very low levels of solar irradiation, it does rely on a certain amount of light.
The researchers will develop the coating further for other applications. In the process, they will examine whether other metals work just as well as gold. There is no need to fear, however, this would cause a car or a building to heat up more in the summer. The researchers have already filed a patent. Hopefully, this groundbreaking product will soon be available on the market.
24. How does the new coating work to remove fog
A.By absorbing infrared radiations to heat the coating.
B. By keeping cool air away from the object.
C. By creating a thin film of water on the surface.
D. By reflecting part of sunlight selectively.
25. Why does the author mention previous anti-fogging products
A. To prove the difficulty of creating anti-fogging products.
B. To introduce the inspiration behind the new coating.
C. To stress the advantages of the new coating.
D. To explain the reason for the anti-fogging coating being popular.
26. What is the limitation of the new coating
A. It is considerably expensive.
B. It takes too much time to produce.
C. It depends on sunlight to work.
D. It is difficult to clean and maintain.
27. What do the researchers plan to do next
A. Develop the product for more practical uses.
Apply for a patent for the invention
C. Explore the environmental impact of the coating.
D. Seek a cheaper material as an alternative to gold.
C
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
28. What is the book aimed at
A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B.Promoting the use of a digital device.
C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
29. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Take-over. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Clear-up.
30. What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A. Theoretical models. B. Practical examples
C. Statistical methods. D. Historical analyses.
31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A. Identify the ideas behind them. B. Recommend them to friends.
C. Evaluate their effects. D. Use them as needed.
D
Children who spend more time playing adventurously have lower symptoms of anxiety and depression and were happier over the first Covid-19 lockdown（封锁）, according to a new study led by the University of Exeter. Today’s children have fewer opportunities for adventurous play, such as climbing trees, riding bikes or jumping from high surfaces. The study sought to test theories that adventurous play offers learning opportunities that help build resilience（适应力）in children, thereby helping to prevent mental health problems.
The research team surveyed nearly 2500 parents of children aged 5 – 11 years. Parents completed questions about their child’s play, their general mental health pre-Covid and their mood during the first Covid-19 lockdown.
Researchers found that children who spent more time playing outside had fewer “internalizing problems,” characterized as anxiety and depression. Those children were also more positive during the first lockdown. Results were consistent even after researchers factored in a wide range of demographic variables（人口统计学变量）including child sex, age, parent employment status and parent mental health. They also found that the effect was more pronounced in children from lower income families than those growing up in higher income households.
“This is really positive because play is free, natural and rewarding for children, available to everyone, and doesn’t require special skills. We now urgently need to invest in and protect natural spaces, well-designed parks and adventure playgrounds, to support the mental health of our children,” Helen Dodd, who led the study, said.
“The rewards of allowing children to self-regulate and manage challenge in their play are widespread and far-reaching. Adventurous play helps children to build the resilience needed to cope with, and manage stress in challenging circumstances,” said Jacqueline O’Loughlin, Chief Executive of PlayBoard NI. “Children and young people need freedom and opportunities to encounter challenge and risk in their everyday playful adventures.”
32.What does the new study focus on
A. Ways of improving children’s resilience.
B. Children’s social needs during the Covid-19 lockdown.
C. Symptoms of anxiety and depression in children.
D. The influence of adventurous play on children.
33. What is the third paragraph mainly about
A.The limitations of the research. B. The process of the research.
C. The results of the research. D. The significance of the research.
34. What does Helen Dodd advise people to do
A. Allow children to use natural spaces for free.
B.Reward children for attending adventurous play.
C. Create opportunities for children to adventure.
D. Encourage children to learn special skills for adventures.
35. What is O’Loughlin’s attitude towards adventurous play
A. Uncaring. B. Doubtful. C. Disapproving. D. Positive.
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There is one answer. ___36___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___37___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___38___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___39___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___40___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____41____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____42____ came because she was carrying a ____43____ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____44____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____45____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____46____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____47____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____48____ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was ____49____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme _____50_____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more _____51_____ about why her act is considered a big _____52_____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t _____53_____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the _____54_____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the _____55_____ of human kindness won the day.
41. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
42. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
44. A. race B. school C. town D. training
45. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
48. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
49. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
50. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
51. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
52. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
53. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
55. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has sent Chang’e 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and _______(observe).
In closing,exploring space provides the world ___many different benefits.
And it was the ship___brought you to England.
You would have to wait a long time to get____.(pay)
He was selected______(attend)pilot training.
Astronauts had to be shorter than 172 cm in _____.(high)
You must be intelligent to get a ____(relate) college degree.
The desire_____(explore) the universe never died.
After careful analysis, the scientists can provide useful _____(recommend) and suggestions for farmers.
I found myself _____(carry) out to sea by a strong wind.
写作(满分25分)
随着世界太空技术的发展，人类的太空梦不再是梦。但是也有人觉得耗费大量的人力和财力来研究和开发太空资源不切实际，不如将这些人力和财力用来着重解决人类当前面临的重大问题，改善地球的生存环境。对此，你有何看法？以“Developing space technology，worthwhile or not ”为题写一篇80词左右的短文。
Developing space technology，worthwhile or not
