专题07 宾语从句-（八升九）新九年级暑假衔接自学课（外研版）
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| 名称 | 专题07 宾语从句-（八升九）新九年级暑假衔接自学课（外研版） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-07-21 12:29:12 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
（八升九）新九年级暑假衔接自学课（外研版）
专题07 宾语从句
考向一: 宾语从句的种类
宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
考向二: 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。
1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。
He is an honest boy. The teacher said.
→ The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy.
2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。
Does he work hard I wonder.
→ I wonder if/whether he works hard.
考向三: 宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题。
1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I remember he gave me a book yesterday.
He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow.
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station
2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。
He told me that he would take part in the high jump.
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the US soon.
3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
He told me that the earth is round.
宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否(if，whether)替；特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
that引导的宾语从句
that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。
一、that 引导的宾语从句的用法
1. 位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。
①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如：
She says that she will help me learn English this evening.
她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。
②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如：
He is a good boy except that he is careless.
他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。
③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如：
I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。
2. 时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。试比较：
He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
【特别提醒】
当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。如：
The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。
3. 引导词that可以省略的几种情况：
引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略：
She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。
I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。
I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。
He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他们会给他签证。
He thought (that) they would give him a visa. 他本想他们会给他签证。
I expect (that) the plane will be diverted. 我料想飞机会改变航线。
I expected (that) the plane would be diverted. 我本料想飞机会改变航线。
Everybody knows (that) money doesn’t grow on trees. 众所周知，金钱是不会从树上长出来的。
I suggested (that) they should / shouldn’t drive along the coast. 我建议他们沿着 / 不要沿着海岸开车。
【注意】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略：
That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。
4. 引导词that不能省略的几种情况：
that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。
①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略；
We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。
②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如：
He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice.
他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。
③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：
I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.
对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
5. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：
We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday.
小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。
6. 宾语从句的否定转移。
在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如：
①我认为今晚他不能来。
【误】I think he can’t come this evening.
【正】I don’t think he can come this evening.
②他认为我们现在不在教室里。
【误】He doesn’t think we are in the classroom now.
【正】He thinks we are not in the classroom now.
【特别警示】
含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如：
I don’t think he is right, is he 我认为他不对，是吗？
He thinks I can come, doesn’t he 他认为我能来，是不是？
7. 如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如：
We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he
我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？
8. that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把It is said that ...（据说……）；It is known that ...（众所周知……）；It is reported that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运用。如：
It is said that he is from Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。
疑问词引导的宾语从句
特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。
①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。
主句 宾语从句
Do you know how old Liz is 你知道兹几岁吗
I know how old Liz is. 我知道莉兹几岁。
I don’t know how old Liz is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。
宾语从句＂how old Liz is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。
②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句
When is Ann going to lran 安什么时候去伊朗？
→ Do you know when Ann is going to lran 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？
→ I don’t know when Ann is going to lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。
What should I do 我该怎么办？
→ Can you tell me what I should do 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？
→ Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。
Where has Ron gone 朗去了哪里？
→ Do you know where Ron has gone 你知道朗去了哪里吗？
→ I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。
③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。
Where did I put my wedding ring 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？
→ Do you know where I put my wedding ring 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？
→ I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。
What does Sue think about Lulu 苏对露露的看法是什么？
→ Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？
→ I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。
注意：
（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子：
How much does this coat cost
→ I want to know how much this coat costs.
Where did you go yesterday
→ Please tell me where you went yesterday.
（2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。
What’s wrong with you 怎么了？
→ He asked the girl what was wrong with her.
What’s the matter 怎么了？
→ He asked the girl what was the matter.
What has happened to him
→ We want to know what has happened to him.
if/whether引导的宾语从句
当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。
I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。
Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam.
爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。
Lily asked if/whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。
I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在这儿。
He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。
【拓展】
一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。
1. 与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。
I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。
I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong.
Let me know whether you can come or not.
I don’t know whether he will win or not.
I will write to you whether or not I can come / whether I can come or not.
2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
He dosen’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。
Please tell us whether to go there or stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。
Whether to go or stay is still a question.
I’m not sure whether to stay or leave.
I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.
3. 在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。
It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。
Success depends on whether we make enough effort.
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.
It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
4. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。
Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I don’t know.
Whether this is true, I can’t say.
Whether he is single, I don’t know.
5. 在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。
We discussed whether we should close the shop. （虚拟语气）
We discussed whether we should go there by plane.（虚拟语气）
We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. （虚拟语气）
6. 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。
He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work.
注意：doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。
过关检测
一、单项选择
1．The teacher asked the students _______.
A．what they were doing B．what were they doing
C．where will they go D．where would they go
2．Can you tell me _______
A．whom do we have to see B．whom we have to see
C．who do we have to see D．which was the way to the station
3．—Your hat is so cool. Could you tell me ________.
—From the Internet.
A．when you bought it B．where did you buy it C．where you bought it
4．Do you know ________ is special about the Great Wall
A．how B．what C．why
5．—What’s your dream job, Lingling
—I hope ________ in the future.
A．that will I be a teacher
B．that I would be a teacher
C．that I will be a teacher
6．It ________ that I have passed the exam.
A．seeming B．seemed C．seem D．seems
7．Sally didn’t tell us ________ last year, but now she lives in our school.
A．where she lives B．where she lived
C．where does she live D．where did she live
8．—I asked for a leave yesterday. Could you tell me something important in class
—Sure. Mr. Smith told us ________.
A．light traveled faster than sound B．light traveled as fast as sound
C．light doesn’t travel so fast as sound D．sound travels slower than light
9．—I want to know if you ________ to the party tomorrow.
—I will if I ________ free.
A．come; am B．come; will be C．will come; am D．will come; will be
10．—I’m excited about the new smart phone. Do you know ________
—Next month.
A．how can I get one B．when will they come out
C．how I can get one D．when they will come out
11．Do you understand ________
A．how the water cycle work B．how does the water cycle work
C．how the water cycle works D．how do the water cycle work
12．—Could you tell me ________
—Sorry. I don’t know either.
A．when was the first stamp made B．how is the post office
C．how I can get to the post office D．where can I send a letter
13．—Could you please tell me ________
—By searching the Internet.
A．when did you see the film B．what you get online
C．how you got the information D．why did you search the net
14．—How about going climbing if it ________ this weekend.
—Good idea. But nobody knows if it ________.
A．is fine; rains B．will be fine; rains C．is fine; will rain D．will be fine; will rain
15．I don’t know if his uncle ________. He ________ if he is free.
A．will come; comes B．will come; will come C．comes; comes D．comes; will come
16．—What did the young lady say to you
—She asked me ________.
A．when does the shop close B．where did I buy the clothes
C．if I preferred that hat D．what else I will take
17．Have you heard ________ tomorrow
A．that he will come B．where he had a picnic
C．that he would come D．where did he have a picnic
18．—Do you believe that humans could live on Mars
—I don’t believe ________.
A．if it comes true B．why it will come true C．that it will come true
19．—Your dress is so nice. Could you tell me ________
—From the Internet.
A．how did you buy it B．where you bought it C．how you bought it
20．—Excuse me! Can you tell me ________
—On the left of the City Library.
A．where the nearest post office is
B．why you got up so early this morning
C．who Tom was talking to at 7 o’clock last night
二、阅读理解
A
Actress Wanted
Are you a girl between the ages of 13 and 15 Are you interested in acting Would you like to appear on TV
We are looking for someone to play a role in our comedy, Jane’s School Life. The first two seasons of the comedy were very popular. We’re going to start its third season. In the new season, there will be a number of new characters. The actress we are looking for will play the main character’s sister. The character will appear in three episodes(集) out of the eight in the new season. Auditions(试镜) are in Room 108 of the teaching building on January 27. You can send your information and photos to the dramaclub@ no later than January 16. If you are selected(被选中) for an audition, we will call you on January 20.
21．Who may appear in Jane’s School Life
A．12-year-old Tara. B．13-year-old Sam. C．14-year-old Nick. D．15-year-old Helen.
22．What do we know about Jane’s School Life
A．It is a soap opera. B．It won a prize last year.
C．Its first three seasons were popular. D．Its new season will have new characters.
23．How many episodes will the main character’s sister appear in
A．Three. B．Five. C．Six. D．Eight.
24．You can go for an audition if you get a call on ________.
A．January 16 B．January 20 C．January 27 D．January 30
25．The material is probably from a ________.
A．storybook B．dictionary C．TV guide D．school newspaper
B
A few years ago in August, there were many people in the countryside near London. Some people were there at 4:30 in the morning. They were there to help James May to build a house. But it was not a common house. It was a Lego house. 1,200 people used 3.3 million Lego toy bricks to make a real house.
It was a part of a TV show called Toy Stories. In this programme, James used traditional toys to make “real” things. Why Lego Well, because when James was young, he loved Lego and played with it all the time.
The people finished building the house on September 17th, almost seven weeks after they started. Everything was Lego. All the ways, doors and windows were Lego. There was a Lego bedroom and a Lego bed. There was a Lego bathroom with a Lego toilet and a shower. And they all worked! In the kitchen there was a Lego fridge（ but not cookers）and there were Lego tables and chairs. There was even a Lego cat.
James stayed in the house one night and was surprised because the bed was quite comfortable.
At first, a theme（主题）park called Legoland planned to buy the house, but later they decided not to. James tried to find another buyer. He started a Facebook page and asked other people to buy it, but nobody wanted it. So on September 22nd, they started to take the house to pieces. A few days later, there wasn’t a Lego house any more.
James was not happy about it because more than 1,000 people worked hard to build the house and everything inside it. Other people were not so sad. The TV company donated（捐献）the three million Lego pieces to a charity（慈善机构）for children.
26．Many people waited in the countryside early in the morning in order to _________.
A．help build a house B．build a real house with bricks
C．watch a TV show D．watch a Lego show
27．The Lego house was built by ________ pieces of toy bricks.
A．430 B．1,200 C．3,300, 000 D．330,000
28．The following things happened in the order _________.
①People take the house to pieces.
②People use Lego toy bricks to make a house.
③The TV company donated the Lego pieces to a charity.
④People finished building the Lego house.
A．②①④③ B．②④①③ C．①④③② D．①③④②
29．Which of the following is TRUE
A．All things are real in the Lego House.
B．James stayed at the house for a night but he felt it wasn’t comfortable.
C．James was unable to find a buyer for the Lego house.
D．All of the 1,200 people felt sad when the house was taken into pieces.
30．You can find the passage in a _________.
A．textbook B．magazine C．storybook D．poster
C
In China, some radio stations use hotlines(热线). It’s used for encouraging the listeners to take part in the talk shows.
That’s a good idea, however, the fact is some people do nothing but break the whole program. Some people know little about the topic under discussion. Sometimes they do not even know what the host is talking about. So the host has to tell the caller what the show is about. Usually the caller will ask a few questions which express his hope and show his ignorance. Then the host has to answer and explain—how silly this is! It wastes a lot of time.
It seems that some people phone the hotlines for fun. They just want to let the listeners hear them. They don’t care what the topic is and whether they are interested in the topic or not. Silly they appear to be.
It’s necessary for radio stations to improve the hotline program. If a caller doesn’t know what is going on, the operator shouldn’t let the caller take part in the talking.
31．The hotlines is used for encouraging the ________ to take part in the talk shows.
A．hosts B．editors C．listeners D．presidents
32．When does the host have to answer and explain how silly this is
A．When Some people know more about the topic under discussion.
B．Some people know much about the topic under discussion.
C．Some people know little about the topic under discussion.
D．Sometimes they even knows what the host is talking about
33．Some people seems to phone the hotlines for ________.
A．improving himself B．working together with the host
C．joy D．becoming a famous reporter
34．What does the underlined word “ignorance” mean in Chinese
A．智慧 B．勤奋 C．豁达 D．无知
35．What’s the best title for the passage
A．Problems during the hotlines B．Excellent parts during the hotlines
C．Great views in the hotline D．Hard-working host
三、补全对话
从文后选择恰当的选项补全对话
A: Hi, Li Lei. 36
B: Oh, I am writing an article for our School Radio Station.
A: Have you joined the School Radio Station
B: 37
A: How long have you been in the Radio Station
B: 38
A: Is the writing so difficult
B: 39
A: I really want to join the station too. Would you help introduce me to the Radio Station
B: 40
A．Yes, I have.
B．No, it’s so fun. I like it.
C．I like reading very much.
D．For three months.
E．What are you writing
F．Sure. I will do it soon.
四、语法选择
Have you heard of Don’t Watch TV Week It is 41 activity that starts today. Organizers（组织者）of it 42 people at the news meeting last week that TV is a bad thing. I’m not sure if they’re right.
First of all, the organizers said that children today are in bad health 43 they spend almost all their free time in front of the TV. But study found that there is no connection（联系）between TV and children’s health. There is only one reason for 44 bad health. That is, they don’t do enough exercise.
Of course, we have to agree that some programs on TV 45 be good for children. However, I don’t think we should say no to TV. We just need to choose the programs 46 . And it is a good idea 47 programs that we can learn something from.
The organizers also said that TV stops us from talking with others. A study from America found that 48 a TV at home, parents talked with their children one hour a day. When there is a TV at home, talk time becomes only 38 minutes a week! It’s much 49 than before. 50 bad result! But I still believe that watching TV in the right way will help us a lot.
41．A．a B．an C．the D．/
42．A．tell B．are telling C．told D．will tell
43．A．so B．but C．though D．because
44．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs
45．A．may not B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t
46．A．careful B．carefully C．carefulness D．carelessly
47．A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watched
48．A．by B．with C．for D．without
49．A．short B．shorter C．shortest D．the shortest
50．A．What B．What a C．What an D．How
五、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On December 3rd, 2017, people all over the country could watch a program by CCTV called National Treasure. When it came out, it became popular with both the old 51 the young.
The program 52 (take) 27 pieces of cultural relics (文物) from 9 museums across the country, such as the Palace Museum, Shanghai Museum, Shanxi History Museum and so on. It expected 53 (bring) life to the national treasure. It invited twenty-seven 54 (actor) and another twenty-seven common people to tell “the old and new life stories” of the relics. The actor acted in a short play about the history of each relic. The other person told his or her own story 55 the relic.
More and more people are interested not only in the relics themselves, but also in 56 (enjoy) the stories behind those relics. There are a lot of jokes about the show online. They also bring the museums and relics closer to the people.
Why did the show become so 57 (success) “It shares the old culture with us by telling stories and inviting famous stars, it’s a 58 (true) creative program,” said Yin Hongru, a teacher from Tsinghua University.
“The social value (社会价值) of the show is 59 (important) than anything else.” said Yu Lei from the program. “It is necessary for Chinese people to know about 60 most fantastic treasure in the country.”
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：老师问学生们在做什么。
考查宾语从句语序。根据“The teacher asked the students...”可知，本句为宾语从句，宾语从句应为陈述语序，故选A。
2．B
【详解】句意：你能告诉我我们要见谁吗？
考查宾语从句语序和时态。根据“Can you tell me...”可知，本句为宾语从句，宾语从句为陈述语序，故排除选项A和C；宾语从句时态遵循“客观真理永一现”的原则，问路是陈述事实，所以应用一般现在时，故排除选项D，故选B。
3．C
【详解】句意：——你的帽子太酷了。你能告诉我你在哪里买的吗？——从网上买的。
考查宾语从句。when you bought it你什么时候买的；where did you buy it你在哪里买的；where you bought it你在哪里买的。根据“From the Internet.”可知，宾语从句引导词应用where；且宾语从句为陈述语序。故选C。
4．B
【详解】句意：你知道长城有什么特别之处吗？
考查宾语从句引导词。how如何，副词；what什么，代词；why为什么，副词。根据“is special about the Great Wall”可知，从句部分缺少主语，用疑问代词what作主语，引导宾语从句。故选B。
5．C
【详解】句意：——玲玲，你梦想的工作是什么？——我希望我将来会成为一名教师。
考查宾语从句。hope后是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A；结合“ in the future”可知，从句时态是一般将来时，排除B。故选C。
6．D
【详解】句意：似乎我已经通过了这次考试。
考查动词的第三人称单数。结合选项B一般过去时以及选项CD为一般现在时，再根据从句部分“have passed”为现在完成时，主句部分应该使用一般现在时；因为主语It是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词变三单seems。故选D。
7．B
【详解】句意：莎莉去年没有告诉我们她住在哪里，但现在她住在我们学校。
考查宾语从句。tell后缺少直接宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除CD；再由“didn’t”可知，主句是过去时从句也需用过去时态。故选B。
8．D
【详解】句意：——昨天我请假了。你能告诉我昨天课堂有什么重点吗？——当然。史密斯先生告诉我们声的传播速度比光慢。
考查一般现在时。根据常识可知“声的传播速度比光慢”且该现象是永恒的真理，所以应该用一般现在时。故选D。
9．C
【详解】句意：——我想知道你明天是否会来参加聚会。——如果我有空的话，我会的。
考查动词时态，第一句是if引导的宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，从句时态不受限制，结合“tomorrow”可知，第一空用一般将来时（will do）；第二句是if引导的条件状语从句，时态上遵循“主将从现”原则，所以第二空用一般现在时，主语是I，be动词用am，故选C。
10．D
【详解】句意：——我很期待那个新款的智能手机。你知道它们什么时候发布吗？ ——下个月。
考查宾语从句。how can I get one我怎样才能买到；when will they come out它们什么时候发布；how I can get one我怎么才能买到；when they will come out它们什么时候发布。根据答语“Next month.”可知是对时间提问，用when引导。且宾语从句中疑问句应用陈述句语序。故选D。
11．C
【详解】句意：你知道水循环是如何工作的吗？
考查宾语从句。根据“Do you understand”可知，此句为宾语从句，应该用陈述语序，排除BD；主语the water cycle为单数，谓语动词用三单。故选C。
12．C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎么去邮局吗？——对不起，我也不知道。
考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me”可知问句是宾语从句，从句语序是陈述句语序。故选C。
13．C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你是怎么得到这个信息的吗？——通过互联网搜索。
考查宾语从句。根据“By searching the Internet”可知，此处问的是方式，宾语从句应用how引导，表示“如何”。故选C。
14．C
【详解】句意：——如果这个周末天气好，我们去爬山吧。——好主意。但是没有人知道是否会下雨。
考查if的用法。第一空处if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，从句部分应该用一般现在时，故第一空为一般现在时，排除B、D两项。第二空处if表示“是否”，引导了一个宾语从句，根据“But nobody knows if it…”可知，此处应该用一般将来时。故选C。
15．B
【详解】句意：我不知道他叔叔是否会来。如果他有空他会来。
考查时态。第一个句子是if引导的宾语从句，主句是现在时态，根据语境可知从句用一般将来时will do；第二个句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，主句用一般将来时will do。故选B。
16．C
【详解】句意：——那位年轻女士对你说了什么？——她问我是否更喜欢那顶帽子。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除AB；结合“asked”可知，需遵循“主过从必过”原则，排除D，故选C。
17．A
【详解】句意：你听说他明天会来吗？
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除D；根据“Have you heard...”可知主句是现在时态，根据“tomorrow”可知从句应用一般将来时will do。故选A。
18．C
【详解】句意：——你相信人类能在火星上生活吗？——我不相信它会成真。
考查宾语从句。根据“I don’t believe...”可知此处表示观点，后常跟that引导的宾语从句。故选C。
19．B
【详解】句意：——你的裙子真漂亮。你能告诉我你在哪里买的吗？——从网上。
考查宾语从句。空处作tell的宾语，所以是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A，结合答语“From the Internet.”可知，应是问在哪里买的，故选B。
20．A
【详解】句意： ——打扰一下！你能告诉我最近的邮局在哪里吗？——在城市图书馆的左边。
考查宾语从句。where the nearest post office is最近的邮局在哪里；why you got up so early this morning你今天为什么起得这么早；who Tom was talking to at 7 o’clock last night昨晚7点钟汤姆在和谁说话。根据“On the left of the City Library.”可知是问位置，应用where引导宾语从句，故选A。
21．D 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．D
【导语】本文是一家电视制作公司为喜剧《简的学校生活》招聘女演员的广告。
21．细节理解题。根据“Are you a girl between the ages of 13 and 15 ”可知，要求女孩年龄在13岁到15岁之间，15岁的海伦符合招聘要求。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据“In the new season, there will be a number of new characters(角色).”可知，新一季有一些新的角色。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据“We’re going to start its third season. In the new season, there will be a number of new characters. The actress we are looking for will play the main character’s sister.”可知，要开拍第三季，因此要寻找扮演主角的姐妹的女演员。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“If you are selected(被选中) for an audition, we will call you on January 20.”可知，如果你在1月20日接到电话，你可以去试镜。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据“Actress Wanted”并结合全文可知，这是一则关于演员的招聘，因此最可能出现在学校的报纸上。故选D。
26．A 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．B
【导语】本文介绍了一个叫《玩具总动员》的电视节目，人们用乐高积木修建一个真正的房子，但后因没有买主而被拆掉，乐高积木捐给了慈善机构。
26．细节理解题。根据“They were there to help James May to build a house.”可知，很多人一早来到乡下等待是为了帮助修建房子。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“It was a Lego house. 1,200 people used 3.3 million Lego toy bricks to make a real house.”可知，这个乐高房子用了330万块乐高积木修建。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“A few years ago in August ... They were there to help James May to build a house. But it was not a common house. It was a Lego house. 1,200 people used 3.3 million Lego toy bricks to make a real house.”可知，首先人们用乐高积木修建一个真正的房子，即②；根据“The people finished building the house on September 17th”可知，9月17日，人们完成了房子的修建，即④；根据“So on September 22nd, they started to take the house to pieces.”可知，9月22日，人们开始把积木房子拆成碎片，即①；根据“The TV company donated（捐献）the three million Lego pieces to a charity（慈善机构）for children.”可知，电视公司将乐高积木捐给了慈善机构，即③。因此事情发生的顺序为②④①③。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“He started a Facebook page and asked other people to buy it, but nobody wanted it.”可知，James没能为乐高房子找到一个买主。故选C。
30．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一个叫《玩具总动员》的电视节目，人们用乐高积木修建一个真正的房子，但后因没有买主而被拆掉，乐高积木捐给了慈善机构。因此最有可能在杂志上找到该文章。故选B。
31．C 32．C 33．C 34．D 35．A
【导语】本文主要是针对无线电台热线节目中，听众在参与时出现的一些问题，提出自己的见解。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s used for encouraging the listeners to take part in the talk shows.”可知，热线是用来鼓励听众讨论节目。故选C。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段“ Some people know little about the topic under discussion….”有些人对正在讨论的话题知之甚少，所以主持人必须回答并解释。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“It seems that some people phone the hotlines for fun.”可知，有些人似乎为了好玩打电话给热线。故选C。
34．词义猜测题。根据第三段“…Then the host has to answer and explain—how silly this is! It wastes a lot of time.”可知主持人不得不浪费时间去回答并解释，说明打电话的人问的问题很无知，可推测ignorance意为“无知”。故选D。
35．最佳标题题。本文讲述无线电台热线节目中，听众在参与时出现的一些问题，选项A“热线电话中的问题”符合文意。故选A。
36．E 37．A 38．D 39．B 40．F
【导语】本文是一组对话。是两位同学谈论参加学校无线电台的事情。
36．根据答语“Oh, I am writing an article for our School Radio Station.哦，我正在为我们学校的无线电台写一篇文章。”可知，问句是在提问正在写什么。选项E“你正在写什么？”符合语境。故选E。
37．根据问句“Have you joined the School Radio Station 你加入学校的广播电台了吗？”和“How long have you been in the Radio Station 你在电台工作多久了？”可知，用现在完成时的肯定回答形式。选项A“是的，我参加了。”符合语境。故选A。
38．根据上句“How long have you been in the Radio Station ”可知，用时间段去回答。选项D“加入有三个月了。”符合语境。故选D。
39．根据问句“Is the writing so difficult ”以及下文“I really want to join the station too.”可知，要作否定回答，评论写作这件事怎么样，证明写作不难。选项B“不，它很有趣，我很喜欢。”符合语境。故选B。
40．根据上句“Would you help introduce me to the Radio Station 你能帮我介绍一下无线电台吗？”可知，这是在提出请求，本句回应马上去办符合题意，选项F“当然，我马上帮你做。”符合语境。故选F。
41．B 42．C 43．D 44．C 45．A 46．B 47．C 48．D 49．B 50．B
【导语】本文讲述作者对于用正确的方式看电视节目的看法，讲述看太多电视对人的健康状况以及人际交往的影响。
41．句意：它是今天开始的一个活动。
a不定冠词，放在辅音音素开始的单词前；an不定冠词，放在元音音素开始的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指；/零冠词。句子表达泛指“一个”，“activity”是元音音素开始的单词，用不定冠词“an”。故选B。
42．句意：活动的组织者在上周新闻发布会上告诉人们电视是一个不好的东西。
tell告诉，动词原形；are telling现在进行时；told动词过去式；will tell一般将来时。根据“last week”，可知句子讲述过去发生的事，是一般过去时，动词用过去式“told”。故选C。
43．句意：首先，组织者说现在的孩子们健康状况很差因为他们花费几乎所有的空余时间在电视机前面。
so因此；but但是；though尽管；because因为。根据“in bad health”及“they spend almost all their free time in front of the TV”，可知后文讲述身体健康状况不好的原因，用连词“because”引导原因状语从句。故选D。
44．句意：对于他们的健康状况不好只有一个理由。
they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的；theirs他们的东西。“bad health”前用形容词性物主代词，表达“他们的”，用“their”。故选C。
45．句意：当然，我们不得不赞成电视里的一些节目可能对孩子们不好。
may not可能不；can’t不可能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t不准。根据“be good for children”，可知句子评价电视里的一些节目，表达可能不好，用情态动词的否定形式“may not”。故选A。
46．句意：我们只需要小心翼翼地选择节目就行。
careful小心翼翼的；carefully小心翼翼地；carefulness小心翼翼，名词；carelessly不小心地。根据“programs that we can learn something from”，可知句子表达选择要小心。动词“choose”用副词修饰，用副词“carefully”。故选B。
47．句意：而且看一些我们能从中学到东西的节目是一个好主意。
watch观看；watching动名词；to watch动词不定式；watched动词过去式。句子用“it”作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，表达“看”，用“to watch”。故选C。
48．句意：美国的一项研究发现家里没有电视，父母一天和孩子们交谈一个小时。
by通过；with和；for为了；without没有。根据“parents talked with their children one hour a day”，可知句子讲述的是没有的情况，用表达否定的介词“without”。故选D。
49．句意：比之前更短。
short短的；shorter更短的；shortest最短的；the shortest定冠词加形容词最高级的结构。根据“parents talked with their children one hour a day. When there is a TV at home, talk time becomes only 38 minutes a week”，可知句子讲述有电视时父母和孩子聊天的时间比没有电视时父母和孩子聊天的时间要更短，用比较级形式“shorter”。故选B。
50．句意：多么糟糕的结果！
What多么，what+不可数名词或可数名词复数；What a多么，what a+可数名词单数形式（辅音音素开始的单词）；What an多么，what an+可数名词单数形式（元音音素开始的单词）；How多么，how+形容词或副词。“result”是可数名词单数，“bad”是辅音音素开始的单词，感叹句的结构是“what a bad result”。故选B。
51．and 52．took 53．to bring 54．actors 55．about 56．enjoying 57．successful 58．truly 59．more important 60．the
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了《国家宝藏》这档节目。
51．句意：它一出现，就受到了老年人和年轻人的欢迎。both ... and ... “……和……都”。故填and。
52．句意：该项目从故宫博物院、上海博物馆、山西历史博物馆等全国9家博物馆获得27件文物。根据“On December 3rd, 2017”可知用一般过去时，take的过去式took。故填took。
53．句意：它希望给国家宝藏带来生机。expect to do sth.“期望做某事”。故填to bring。
54．句意：它邀请了27位演员和另外27位普通人来讲述这些文物的“新旧生活故事”。根据“twenty-seven”可知此处用复数形式actors。故填actors。
55．句意：另一个人讲述了他或她自己关于文物的故事。此处表示关于文物的故事，about“关于”。故填about。
56．句意：越来越多的人不仅对文物本身感兴趣，而且也喜欢欣赏这些文物背后的故事。介词in后接动名词作宾语，enjoy的动名词形式enjoying。故填enjoying。
57．句意：为什么这个节目会如此成功？become后接形容词作表语，success的形容词形式successful，意为“成功的”。故填successful。
58．句意：来自清华大学的尹鸿如老师说：“它通过讲故事和邀请著名明星与我们分享古老的文化，这是一个真正有创意的节目。”此处用副词修饰形容词，true对应副词truly，意为“（指性质）真正，确实”。故填truly。
59．句意：节目的社会价值比什么都重要。根据“than”可知用形容词比较级，important的比较级more important。故填more important。
60．句意：中国人有必要了解这个国家最神奇的宝藏。形容词最高级前加定冠词the。故填the。
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（八升九）新九年级暑假衔接自学课（外研版）
专题07 宾语从句
考向一: 宾语从句的种类
宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
考向二: 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。
1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。
He is an honest boy. The teacher said.
→ The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy.
2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。
Does he work hard I wonder.
→ I wonder if/whether he works hard.
考向三: 宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题。
1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I remember he gave me a book yesterday.
He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow.
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station
2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。
He told me that he would take part in the high jump.
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the US soon.
3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
He told me that the earth is round.
宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否(if，whether)替；特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
that引导的宾语从句
that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。
一、that 引导的宾语从句的用法
1. 位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。
①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如：
She says that she will help me learn English this evening.
她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。
②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如：
He is a good boy except that he is careless.
他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。
③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如：
I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。
2. 时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。试比较：
He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
【特别提醒】
当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。如：
The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。
3. 引导词that可以省略的几种情况：
引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略：
She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。
I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。
I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。
He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他们会给他签证。
He thought (that) they would give him a visa. 他本想他们会给他签证。
I expect (that) the plane will be diverted. 我料想飞机会改变航线。
I expected (that) the plane would be diverted. 我本料想飞机会改变航线。
Everybody knows (that) money doesn’t grow on trees. 众所周知，金钱是不会从树上长出来的。
I suggested (that) they should / shouldn’t drive along the coast. 我建议他们沿着 / 不要沿着海岸开车。
【注意】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略：
That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。
4. 引导词that不能省略的几种情况：
that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。
①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略；
We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。
②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如：
He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice.
他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。
③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：
I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.
对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
5. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：
We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday.
小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。
6. 宾语从句的否定转移。
在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如：
①我认为今晚他不能来。
【误】I think he can’t come this evening.
【正】I don’t think he can come this evening.
②他认为我们现在不在教室里。
【误】He doesn’t think we are in the classroom now.
【正】He thinks we are not in the classroom now.
【特别警示】
含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如：
I don’t think he is right, is he 我认为他不对，是吗？
He thinks I can come, doesn’t he 他认为我能来，是不是？
7. 如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如：
We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he
我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？
8. that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把It is said that ...（据说……）；It is known that ...（众所周知……）；It is reported that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运用。如：
It is said that he is from Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。
疑问词引导的宾语从句
特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。
①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。
主句 宾语从句
Do you know how old Liz is 你知道兹几岁吗
I know how old Liz is. 我知道莉兹几岁。
I don’t know how old Liz is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。
宾语从句＂how old Liz is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。
②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句
When is Ann going to lran 安什么时候去伊朗？
→ Do you know when Ann is going to lran 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？
→ I don’t know when Ann is going to lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。
What should I do 我该怎么办？
→ Can you tell me what I should do 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？
→ Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。
Where has Ron gone 朗去了哪里？
→ Do you know where Ron has gone 你知道朗去了哪里吗？
→ I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。
③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。
Where did I put my wedding ring 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？
→ Do you know where I put my wedding ring 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？
→ I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。
What does Sue think about Lulu 苏对露露的看法是什么？
→ Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？
→ I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。
注意：
（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子：
How much does this coat cost
→ I want to know how much this coat costs.
Where did you go yesterday
→ Please tell me where you went yesterday.
（2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。
What’s wrong with you 怎么了？
→ He asked the girl what was wrong with her.
What’s the matter 怎么了？
→ He asked the girl what was the matter.
What has happened to him
→ We want to know what has happened to him.
if/whether引导的宾语从句
当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。
I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。
Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam.
爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。
Lily asked if/whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。
I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在这儿。
He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。
【拓展】
一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。
1. 与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。
I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。
I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong.
Let me know whether you can come or not.
I don’t know whether he will win or not.
I will write to you whether or not I can come / whether I can come or not.
2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
He dosen’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。
Please tell us whether to go there or stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。
Whether to go or stay is still a question.
I’m not sure whether to stay or leave.
I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.
3. 在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。
It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。
Success depends on whether we make enough effort.
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.
It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
4. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。
Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I don’t know.
Whether this is true, I can’t say.
Whether he is single, I don’t know.
5. 在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。
We discussed whether we should close the shop. （虚拟语气）
We discussed whether we should go there by plane.（虚拟语气）
We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. （虚拟语气）
6. 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。
He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work.
注意：doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。
过关检测
一、单项选择
1．The teacher asked the students _______.
A．what they were doing B．what were they doing
C．where will they go D．where would they go
2．Can you tell me _______
A．whom do we have to see B．whom we have to see
C．who do we have to see D．which was the way to the station
3．—Your hat is so cool. Could you tell me ________.
—From the Internet.
A．when you bought it B．where did you buy it C．where you bought it
4．Do you know ________ is special about the Great Wall
A．how B．what C．why
5．—What’s your dream job, Lingling
—I hope ________ in the future.
A．that will I be a teacher
B．that I would be a teacher
C．that I will be a teacher
6．It ________ that I have passed the exam.
A．seeming B．seemed C．seem D．seems
7．Sally didn’t tell us ________ last year, but now she lives in our school.
A．where she lives B．where she lived
C．where does she live D．where did she live
8．—I asked for a leave yesterday. Could you tell me something important in class
—Sure. Mr. Smith told us ________.
A．light traveled faster than sound B．light traveled as fast as sound
C．light doesn’t travel so fast as sound D．sound travels slower than light
9．—I want to know if you ________ to the party tomorrow.
—I will if I ________ free.
A．come; am B．come; will be C．will come; am D．will come; will be
10．—I’m excited about the new smart phone. Do you know ________
—Next month.
A．how can I get one B．when will they come out
C．how I can get one D．when they will come out
11．Do you understand ________
A．how the water cycle work B．how does the water cycle work
C．how the water cycle works D．how do the water cycle work
12．—Could you tell me ________
—Sorry. I don’t know either.
A．when was the first stamp made B．how is the post office
C．how I can get to the post office D．where can I send a letter
13．—Could you please tell me ________
—By searching the Internet.
A．when did you see the film B．what you get online
C．how you got the information D．why did you search the net
14．—How about going climbing if it ________ this weekend.
—Good idea. But nobody knows if it ________.
A．is fine; rains B．will be fine; rains C．is fine; will rain D．will be fine; will rain
15．I don’t know if his uncle ________. He ________ if he is free.
A．will come; comes B．will come; will come C．comes; comes D．comes; will come
16．—What did the young lady say to you
—She asked me ________.
A．when does the shop close B．where did I buy the clothes
C．if I preferred that hat D．what else I will take
17．Have you heard ________ tomorrow
A．that he will come B．where he had a picnic
C．that he would come D．where did he have a picnic
18．—Do you believe that humans could live on Mars
—I don’t believe ________.
A．if it comes true B．why it will come true C．that it will come true
19．—Your dress is so nice. Could you tell me ________
—From the Internet.
A．how did you buy it B．where you bought it C．how you bought it
20．—Excuse me! Can you tell me ________
—On the left of the City Library.
A．where the nearest post office is
B．why you got up so early this morning
C．who Tom was talking to at 7 o’clock last night
二、阅读理解
A
Actress Wanted
Are you a girl between the ages of 13 and 15 Are you interested in acting Would you like to appear on TV
We are looking for someone to play a role in our comedy, Jane’s School Life. The first two seasons of the comedy were very popular. We’re going to start its third season. In the new season, there will be a number of new characters. The actress we are looking for will play the main character’s sister. The character will appear in three episodes(集) out of the eight in the new season. Auditions(试镜) are in Room 108 of the teaching building on January 27. You can send your information and photos to the dramaclub@ no later than January 16. If you are selected(被选中) for an audition, we will call you on January 20.
21．Who may appear in Jane’s School Life
A．12-year-old Tara. B．13-year-old Sam. C．14-year-old Nick. D．15-year-old Helen.
22．What do we know about Jane’s School Life
A．It is a soap opera. B．It won a prize last year.
C．Its first three seasons were popular. D．Its new season will have new characters.
23．How many episodes will the main character’s sister appear in
A．Three. B．Five. C．Six. D．Eight.
24．You can go for an audition if you get a call on ________.
A．January 16 B．January 20 C．January 27 D．January 30
25．The material is probably from a ________.
A．storybook B．dictionary C．TV guide D．school newspaper
B
A few years ago in August, there were many people in the countryside near London. Some people were there at 4:30 in the morning. They were there to help James May to build a house. But it was not a common house. It was a Lego house. 1,200 people used 3.3 million Lego toy bricks to make a real house.
It was a part of a TV show called Toy Stories. In this programme, James used traditional toys to make “real” things. Why Lego Well, because when James was young, he loved Lego and played with it all the time.
The people finished building the house on September 17th, almost seven weeks after they started. Everything was Lego. All the ways, doors and windows were Lego. There was a Lego bedroom and a Lego bed. There was a Lego bathroom with a Lego toilet and a shower. And they all worked! In the kitchen there was a Lego fridge（ but not cookers）and there were Lego tables and chairs. There was even a Lego cat.
James stayed in the house one night and was surprised because the bed was quite comfortable.
At first, a theme（主题）park called Legoland planned to buy the house, but later they decided not to. James tried to find another buyer. He started a Facebook page and asked other people to buy it, but nobody wanted it. So on September 22nd, they started to take the house to pieces. A few days later, there wasn’t a Lego house any more.
James was not happy about it because more than 1,000 people worked hard to build the house and everything inside it. Other people were not so sad. The TV company donated（捐献）the three million Lego pieces to a charity（慈善机构）for children.
26．Many people waited in the countryside early in the morning in order to _________.
A．help build a house B．build a real house with bricks
C．watch a TV show D．watch a Lego show
27．The Lego house was built by ________ pieces of toy bricks.
A．430 B．1,200 C．3,300, 000 D．330,000
28．The following things happened in the order _________.
①People take the house to pieces.
②People use Lego toy bricks to make a house.
③The TV company donated the Lego pieces to a charity.
④People finished building the Lego house.
A．②①④③ B．②④①③ C．①④③② D．①③④②
29．Which of the following is TRUE
A．All things are real in the Lego House.
B．James stayed at the house for a night but he felt it wasn’t comfortable.
C．James was unable to find a buyer for the Lego house.
D．All of the 1,200 people felt sad when the house was taken into pieces.
30．You can find the passage in a _________.
A．textbook B．magazine C．storybook D．poster
C
In China, some radio stations use hotlines(热线). It’s used for encouraging the listeners to take part in the talk shows.
That’s a good idea, however, the fact is some people do nothing but break the whole program. Some people know little about the topic under discussion. Sometimes they do not even know what the host is talking about. So the host has to tell the caller what the show is about. Usually the caller will ask a few questions which express his hope and show his ignorance. Then the host has to answer and explain—how silly this is! It wastes a lot of time.
It seems that some people phone the hotlines for fun. They just want to let the listeners hear them. They don’t care what the topic is and whether they are interested in the topic or not. Silly they appear to be.
It’s necessary for radio stations to improve the hotline program. If a caller doesn’t know what is going on, the operator shouldn’t let the caller take part in the talking.
31．The hotlines is used for encouraging the ________ to take part in the talk shows.
A．hosts B．editors C．listeners D．presidents
32．When does the host have to answer and explain how silly this is
A．When Some people know more about the topic under discussion.
B．Some people know much about the topic under discussion.
C．Some people know little about the topic under discussion.
D．Sometimes they even knows what the host is talking about
33．Some people seems to phone the hotlines for ________.
A．improving himself B．working together with the host
C．joy D．becoming a famous reporter
34．What does the underlined word “ignorance” mean in Chinese
A．智慧 B．勤奋 C．豁达 D．无知
35．What’s the best title for the passage
A．Problems during the hotlines B．Excellent parts during the hotlines
C．Great views in the hotline D．Hard-working host
三、补全对话
从文后选择恰当的选项补全对话
A: Hi, Li Lei. 36
B: Oh, I am writing an article for our School Radio Station.
A: Have you joined the School Radio Station
B: 37
A: How long have you been in the Radio Station
B: 38
A: Is the writing so difficult
B: 39
A: I really want to join the station too. Would you help introduce me to the Radio Station
B: 40
A．Yes, I have.
B．No, it’s so fun. I like it.
C．I like reading very much.
D．For three months.
E．What are you writing
F．Sure. I will do it soon.
四、语法选择
Have you heard of Don’t Watch TV Week It is 41 activity that starts today. Organizers（组织者）of it 42 people at the news meeting last week that TV is a bad thing. I’m not sure if they’re right.
First of all, the organizers said that children today are in bad health 43 they spend almost all their free time in front of the TV. But study found that there is no connection（联系）between TV and children’s health. There is only one reason for 44 bad health. That is, they don’t do enough exercise.
Of course, we have to agree that some programs on TV 45 be good for children. However, I don’t think we should say no to TV. We just need to choose the programs 46 . And it is a good idea 47 programs that we can learn something from.
The organizers also said that TV stops us from talking with others. A study from America found that 48 a TV at home, parents talked with their children one hour a day. When there is a TV at home, talk time becomes only 38 minutes a week! It’s much 49 than before. 50 bad result! But I still believe that watching TV in the right way will help us a lot.
41．A．a B．an C．the D．/
42．A．tell B．are telling C．told D．will tell
43．A．so B．but C．though D．because
44．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs
45．A．may not B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t
46．A．careful B．carefully C．carefulness D．carelessly
47．A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watched
48．A．by B．with C．for D．without
49．A．short B．shorter C．shortest D．the shortest
50．A．What B．What a C．What an D．How
五、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On December 3rd, 2017, people all over the country could watch a program by CCTV called National Treasure. When it came out, it became popular with both the old 51 the young.
The program 52 (take) 27 pieces of cultural relics (文物) from 9 museums across the country, such as the Palace Museum, Shanghai Museum, Shanxi History Museum and so on. It expected 53 (bring) life to the national treasure. It invited twenty-seven 54 (actor) and another twenty-seven common people to tell “the old and new life stories” of the relics. The actor acted in a short play about the history of each relic. The other person told his or her own story 55 the relic.
More and more people are interested not only in the relics themselves, but also in 56 (enjoy) the stories behind those relics. There are a lot of jokes about the show online. They also bring the museums and relics closer to the people.
Why did the show become so 57 (success) “It shares the old culture with us by telling stories and inviting famous stars, it’s a 58 (true) creative program,” said Yin Hongru, a teacher from Tsinghua University.
“The social value (社会价值) of the show is 59 (important) than anything else.” said Yu Lei from the program. “It is necessary for Chinese people to know about 60 most fantastic treasure in the country.”
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：老师问学生们在做什么。
考查宾语从句语序。根据“The teacher asked the students...”可知，本句为宾语从句，宾语从句应为陈述语序，故选A。
2．B
【详解】句意：你能告诉我我们要见谁吗？
考查宾语从句语序和时态。根据“Can you tell me...”可知，本句为宾语从句，宾语从句为陈述语序，故排除选项A和C；宾语从句时态遵循“客观真理永一现”的原则，问路是陈述事实，所以应用一般现在时，故排除选项D，故选B。
3．C
【详解】句意：——你的帽子太酷了。你能告诉我你在哪里买的吗？——从网上买的。
考查宾语从句。when you bought it你什么时候买的；where did you buy it你在哪里买的；where you bought it你在哪里买的。根据“From the Internet.”可知，宾语从句引导词应用where；且宾语从句为陈述语序。故选C。
4．B
【详解】句意：你知道长城有什么特别之处吗？
考查宾语从句引导词。how如何，副词；what什么，代词；why为什么，副词。根据“is special about the Great Wall”可知，从句部分缺少主语，用疑问代词what作主语，引导宾语从句。故选B。
5．C
【详解】句意：——玲玲，你梦想的工作是什么？——我希望我将来会成为一名教师。
考查宾语从句。hope后是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A；结合“ in the future”可知，从句时态是一般将来时，排除B。故选C。
6．D
【详解】句意：似乎我已经通过了这次考试。
考查动词的第三人称单数。结合选项B一般过去时以及选项CD为一般现在时，再根据从句部分“have passed”为现在完成时，主句部分应该使用一般现在时；因为主语It是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词变三单seems。故选D。
7．B
【详解】句意：莎莉去年没有告诉我们她住在哪里，但现在她住在我们学校。
考查宾语从句。tell后缺少直接宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除CD；再由“didn’t”可知，主句是过去时从句也需用过去时态。故选B。
8．D
【详解】句意：——昨天我请假了。你能告诉我昨天课堂有什么重点吗？——当然。史密斯先生告诉我们声的传播速度比光慢。
考查一般现在时。根据常识可知“声的传播速度比光慢”且该现象是永恒的真理，所以应该用一般现在时。故选D。
9．C
【详解】句意：——我想知道你明天是否会来参加聚会。——如果我有空的话，我会的。
考查动词时态，第一句是if引导的宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，从句时态不受限制，结合“tomorrow”可知，第一空用一般将来时（will do）；第二句是if引导的条件状语从句，时态上遵循“主将从现”原则，所以第二空用一般现在时，主语是I，be动词用am，故选C。
10．D
【详解】句意：——我很期待那个新款的智能手机。你知道它们什么时候发布吗？ ——下个月。
考查宾语从句。how can I get one我怎样才能买到；when will they come out它们什么时候发布；how I can get one我怎么才能买到；when they will come out它们什么时候发布。根据答语“Next month.”可知是对时间提问，用when引导。且宾语从句中疑问句应用陈述句语序。故选D。
11．C
【详解】句意：你知道水循环是如何工作的吗？
考查宾语从句。根据“Do you understand”可知，此句为宾语从句，应该用陈述语序，排除BD；主语the water cycle为单数，谓语动词用三单。故选C。
12．C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎么去邮局吗？——对不起，我也不知道。
考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me”可知问句是宾语从句，从句语序是陈述句语序。故选C。
13．C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你是怎么得到这个信息的吗？——通过互联网搜索。
考查宾语从句。根据“By searching the Internet”可知，此处问的是方式，宾语从句应用how引导，表示“如何”。故选C。
14．C
【详解】句意：——如果这个周末天气好，我们去爬山吧。——好主意。但是没有人知道是否会下雨。
考查if的用法。第一空处if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，从句部分应该用一般现在时，故第一空为一般现在时，排除B、D两项。第二空处if表示“是否”，引导了一个宾语从句，根据“But nobody knows if it…”可知，此处应该用一般将来时。故选C。
15．B
【详解】句意：我不知道他叔叔是否会来。如果他有空他会来。
考查时态。第一个句子是if引导的宾语从句，主句是现在时态，根据语境可知从句用一般将来时will do；第二个句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，主句用一般将来时will do。故选B。
16．C
【详解】句意：——那位年轻女士对你说了什么？——她问我是否更喜欢那顶帽子。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除AB；结合“asked”可知，需遵循“主过从必过”原则，排除D，故选C。
17．A
【详解】句意：你听说他明天会来吗？
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除D；根据“Have you heard...”可知主句是现在时态，根据“tomorrow”可知从句应用一般将来时will do。故选A。
18．C
【详解】句意：——你相信人类能在火星上生活吗？——我不相信它会成真。
考查宾语从句。根据“I don’t believe...”可知此处表示观点，后常跟that引导的宾语从句。故选C。
19．B
【详解】句意：——你的裙子真漂亮。你能告诉我你在哪里买的吗？——从网上。
考查宾语从句。空处作tell的宾语，所以是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A，结合答语“From the Internet.”可知，应是问在哪里买的，故选B。
20．A
【详解】句意： ——打扰一下！你能告诉我最近的邮局在哪里吗？——在城市图书馆的左边。
考查宾语从句。where the nearest post office is最近的邮局在哪里；why you got up so early this morning你今天为什么起得这么早；who Tom was talking to at 7 o’clock last night昨晚7点钟汤姆在和谁说话。根据“On the left of the City Library.”可知是问位置，应用where引导宾语从句，故选A。
21．D 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．D
【导语】本文是一家电视制作公司为喜剧《简的学校生活》招聘女演员的广告。
21．细节理解题。根据“Are you a girl between the ages of 13 and 15 ”可知，要求女孩年龄在13岁到15岁之间，15岁的海伦符合招聘要求。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据“In the new season, there will be a number of new characters(角色).”可知，新一季有一些新的角色。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据“We’re going to start its third season. In the new season, there will be a number of new characters. The actress we are looking for will play the main character’s sister.”可知，要开拍第三季，因此要寻找扮演主角的姐妹的女演员。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“If you are selected(被选中) for an audition, we will call you on January 20.”可知，如果你在1月20日接到电话，你可以去试镜。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据“Actress Wanted”并结合全文可知，这是一则关于演员的招聘，因此最可能出现在学校的报纸上。故选D。
26．A 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．B
【导语】本文介绍了一个叫《玩具总动员》的电视节目，人们用乐高积木修建一个真正的房子，但后因没有买主而被拆掉，乐高积木捐给了慈善机构。
26．细节理解题。根据“They were there to help James May to build a house.”可知，很多人一早来到乡下等待是为了帮助修建房子。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“It was a Lego house. 1,200 people used 3.3 million Lego toy bricks to make a real house.”可知，这个乐高房子用了330万块乐高积木修建。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“A few years ago in August ... They were there to help James May to build a house. But it was not a common house. It was a Lego house. 1,200 people used 3.3 million Lego toy bricks to make a real house.”可知，首先人们用乐高积木修建一个真正的房子，即②；根据“The people finished building the house on September 17th”可知，9月17日，人们完成了房子的修建，即④；根据“So on September 22nd, they started to take the house to pieces.”可知，9月22日，人们开始把积木房子拆成碎片，即①；根据“The TV company donated（捐献）the three million Lego pieces to a charity（慈善机构）for children.”可知，电视公司将乐高积木捐给了慈善机构，即③。因此事情发生的顺序为②④①③。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“He started a Facebook page and asked other people to buy it, but nobody wanted it.”可知，James没能为乐高房子找到一个买主。故选C。
30．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一个叫《玩具总动员》的电视节目，人们用乐高积木修建一个真正的房子，但后因没有买主而被拆掉，乐高积木捐给了慈善机构。因此最有可能在杂志上找到该文章。故选B。
31．C 32．C 33．C 34．D 35．A
【导语】本文主要是针对无线电台热线节目中，听众在参与时出现的一些问题，提出自己的见解。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s used for encouraging the listeners to take part in the talk shows.”可知，热线是用来鼓励听众讨论节目。故选C。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段“ Some people know little about the topic under discussion….”有些人对正在讨论的话题知之甚少，所以主持人必须回答并解释。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“It seems that some people phone the hotlines for fun.”可知，有些人似乎为了好玩打电话给热线。故选C。
34．词义猜测题。根据第三段“…Then the host has to answer and explain—how silly this is! It wastes a lot of time.”可知主持人不得不浪费时间去回答并解释，说明打电话的人问的问题很无知，可推测ignorance意为“无知”。故选D。
35．最佳标题题。本文讲述无线电台热线节目中，听众在参与时出现的一些问题，选项A“热线电话中的问题”符合文意。故选A。
36．E 37．A 38．D 39．B 40．F
【导语】本文是一组对话。是两位同学谈论参加学校无线电台的事情。
36．根据答语“Oh, I am writing an article for our School Radio Station.哦，我正在为我们学校的无线电台写一篇文章。”可知，问句是在提问正在写什么。选项E“你正在写什么？”符合语境。故选E。
37．根据问句“Have you joined the School Radio Station 你加入学校的广播电台了吗？”和“How long have you been in the Radio Station 你在电台工作多久了？”可知，用现在完成时的肯定回答形式。选项A“是的，我参加了。”符合语境。故选A。
38．根据上句“How long have you been in the Radio Station ”可知，用时间段去回答。选项D“加入有三个月了。”符合语境。故选D。
39．根据问句“Is the writing so difficult ”以及下文“I really want to join the station too.”可知，要作否定回答，评论写作这件事怎么样，证明写作不难。选项B“不，它很有趣，我很喜欢。”符合语境。故选B。
40．根据上句“Would you help introduce me to the Radio Station 你能帮我介绍一下无线电台吗？”可知，这是在提出请求，本句回应马上去办符合题意，选项F“当然，我马上帮你做。”符合语境。故选F。
41．B 42．C 43．D 44．C 45．A 46．B 47．C 48．D 49．B 50．B
【导语】本文讲述作者对于用正确的方式看电视节目的看法，讲述看太多电视对人的健康状况以及人际交往的影响。
41．句意：它是今天开始的一个活动。
a不定冠词，放在辅音音素开始的单词前；an不定冠词，放在元音音素开始的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指；/零冠词。句子表达泛指“一个”，“activity”是元音音素开始的单词，用不定冠词“an”。故选B。
42．句意：活动的组织者在上周新闻发布会上告诉人们电视是一个不好的东西。
tell告诉，动词原形；are telling现在进行时；told动词过去式；will tell一般将来时。根据“last week”，可知句子讲述过去发生的事，是一般过去时，动词用过去式“told”。故选C。
43．句意：首先，组织者说现在的孩子们健康状况很差因为他们花费几乎所有的空余时间在电视机前面。
so因此；but但是；though尽管；because因为。根据“in bad health”及“they spend almost all their free time in front of the TV”，可知后文讲述身体健康状况不好的原因，用连词“because”引导原因状语从句。故选D。
44．句意：对于他们的健康状况不好只有一个理由。
they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的；theirs他们的东西。“bad health”前用形容词性物主代词，表达“他们的”，用“their”。故选C。
45．句意：当然，我们不得不赞成电视里的一些节目可能对孩子们不好。
may not可能不；can’t不可能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t不准。根据“be good for children”，可知句子评价电视里的一些节目，表达可能不好，用情态动词的否定形式“may not”。故选A。
46．句意：我们只需要小心翼翼地选择节目就行。
careful小心翼翼的；carefully小心翼翼地；carefulness小心翼翼，名词；carelessly不小心地。根据“programs that we can learn something from”，可知句子表达选择要小心。动词“choose”用副词修饰，用副词“carefully”。故选B。
47．句意：而且看一些我们能从中学到东西的节目是一个好主意。
watch观看；watching动名词；to watch动词不定式；watched动词过去式。句子用“it”作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，表达“看”，用“to watch”。故选C。
48．句意：美国的一项研究发现家里没有电视，父母一天和孩子们交谈一个小时。
by通过；with和；for为了；without没有。根据“parents talked with their children one hour a day”，可知句子讲述的是没有的情况，用表达否定的介词“without”。故选D。
49．句意：比之前更短。
short短的；shorter更短的；shortest最短的；the shortest定冠词加形容词最高级的结构。根据“parents talked with their children one hour a day. When there is a TV at home, talk time becomes only 38 minutes a week”，可知句子讲述有电视时父母和孩子聊天的时间比没有电视时父母和孩子聊天的时间要更短，用比较级形式“shorter”。故选B。
50．句意：多么糟糕的结果！
What多么，what+不可数名词或可数名词复数；What a多么，what a+可数名词单数形式（辅音音素开始的单词）；What an多么，what an+可数名词单数形式（元音音素开始的单词）；How多么，how+形容词或副词。“result”是可数名词单数，“bad”是辅音音素开始的单词，感叹句的结构是“what a bad result”。故选B。
51．and 52．took 53．to bring 54．actors 55．about 56．enjoying 57．successful 58．truly 59．more important 60．the
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了《国家宝藏》这档节目。
51．句意：它一出现，就受到了老年人和年轻人的欢迎。both ... and ... “……和……都”。故填and。
52．句意：该项目从故宫博物院、上海博物馆、山西历史博物馆等全国9家博物馆获得27件文物。根据“On December 3rd, 2017”可知用一般过去时，take的过去式took。故填took。
53．句意：它希望给国家宝藏带来生机。expect to do sth.“期望做某事”。故填to bring。
54．句意：它邀请了27位演员和另外27位普通人来讲述这些文物的“新旧生活故事”。根据“twenty-seven”可知此处用复数形式actors。故填actors。
55．句意：另一个人讲述了他或她自己关于文物的故事。此处表示关于文物的故事，about“关于”。故填about。
56．句意：越来越多的人不仅对文物本身感兴趣，而且也喜欢欣赏这些文物背后的故事。介词in后接动名词作宾语，enjoy的动名词形式enjoying。故填enjoying。
57．句意：为什么这个节目会如此成功？become后接形容词作表语，success的形容词形式successful，意为“成功的”。故填successful。
58．句意：来自清华大学的尹鸿如老师说：“它通过讲故事和邀请著名明星与我们分享古老的文化，这是一个真正有创意的节目。”此处用副词修饰形容词，true对应副词truly，意为“（指性质）真正，确实”。故填truly。
59．句意：节目的社会价值比什么都重要。根据“than”可知用形容词比较级，important的比较级more important。故填more important。
60．句意：中国人有必要了解这个国家最神奇的宝藏。形容词最高级前加定冠词the。故填the。
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