外研版（2019）必修第二册Unit 2 Let’s celebrate Understanding ideas 课件-(共34张PPT)
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）必修第二册Unit 2 Let’s celebrate Understanding ideas 课件-(共34张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 4.0MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-07-21 13:24:22 | ||
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(共34张PPT)
Understanding ideas
Unit 2 Let's celebrate!
The Hobbit is a fantasy novel.
Do you know who wrote this novel
奇幻小说
J.R.R Tolkien
(1892-1973)
The father of modern fantasy might not be the first author that springs to mind when you think about the cheery Christmas books niche. But Tolkien deserves a place on the mantle with Letters from Father Christmas: a gorgeous collection of the notes that Tolkien (ahem, we mean “Father Christmas”) sent to his kids every Christmas.
As with Lord of the Rings, Tolkien delivers impressively. All of his creativity, meticulousness, and whimsy is on display in this book — from the story about the clumsy polar bear who accidentally falls through the roof of Father Christmas' abode to the tale of the renegade reindeer scattering presents every which way. Beautifully crafted calligraphy and illustrations round out the book. Perhaps most poignantly, you'll see the letters themselves changing as Tolkien's children grow older: the themes become more serious and the notes take on a bittersweet tinge as his children stop writing back to “Father Christmas.” Nevertheless, this is a collection to savor, preferably with a mug of eggnog nearby.
Answer the questions as belows.
1. Have you ever read any of Tolkien's books or seen any of the films based on them What do you think of them
2. What else do you know about Tolkien Find out more about him and share your research with the class.
本书是托尔金从1920至1942年间用圣诞老人口吻写给他的孩子们的插图信件。
其中包括许多以前从未印刷过的图片和信件的全新高清数字版。
这是给所有年龄段的托尔金爱好者的完美圣诞礼物。
‘亲爱的孩子们，我今年比平时更加不安。全是北极熊的错。这是世界上最大的爆炸，也是有史以来最可怕的烟花。北极变黑了！’
每年12月，都会有一个装有来自北极的邮票的信封送给J. R. R. Tolkien的孩子们。里面会有一封用奇怪的蜘蛛笔迹写的字母，一张漂亮的彩色图画或一些草图。这些信件来自圣诞老人。
信中讲述了北极的精彩生活故事：
驯鹿是如何将礼物派送到世界各地的。
北极熊如何爬到北极，并从圣诞老人房子的屋顶掉进餐厅
他如何将月球分成四块，并让上面的人掉到后花园里
与住在屋子下方洞穴中的麻烦小妖精大战！
有时北极熊会做潦草笔记，有时伊尔伯雷斯（Ilbereth）精灵会用他优美流畅的笔迹写上几句话，为故事增添更多生趣。
从1920年托尔金长子收到的第一封信到1943年给女儿的最后一封信画上休止符，这本书收集了托尔金所有迷人的信和图片。不论年龄大小，任何读者都会被托尔金《圣诞老人的来信》的创造力所吸引。
Look at the photos below and guess what the book is about. Then read and check if you are right.
Letters from Father Christmas is a book written by J.R.R. Tolkien.
THE REAL FATHER CHRISTMAS
真正的圣诞老人
Many people still remember the magic of Father Christmas from when they were children.
许多人(长大以后)还依然记得来自童年时代的圣诞老人的魔力。
As parents, they try to keep that magic alive for their children for as long as they can.
为人父母之后，他们也想让自己的孩子尽可能长久地相信这份魔力的存在。
That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.
有些人把圣诞节视为每年的特别时光，对于他们，《圣诞老人的来信》可能是一本再合适不过的书了。
The man who wrote these letters is one of the most famous names in English literature—J.R.R. Tolkien, author of The Lord of the Rings.
写这些信的人是英国文坛的一位巨匠——《指环王(魔戒)》的作者J. R. R. 托尔金。
The letters were Tolkien’s way of keeping Father Christmas alive for his four children, over a period of more than twenty years.
二十多年来，托尔金以写信的方式让他的四个孩子相信圣诞老人真的存在。
Every Christmas, an envelope with a North Pole stamp arrived.
每年圣诞节，托尔金的家里都会收到一封贴有北极邮票的信，
It was addressed to Tolkien’s children. Who could it be from
收件人是托尔金的孩子们。会是谁寄过来的呢？
The children must have been very excited as they opened it.
孩子们打开时一定很兴奋。
Inside, they would find a handwritten letter from Father Christmas.
他们会发现里面有一封圣诞老人的亲笔信。
The letters were also beautifully illustrated—each must have taken its true author, Tolkien, a long time to complete.
信里还配有精美的插图——它们真正的作者托尔金一定花了很长时间去完成每一幅画作。
The letters told wonderful stories about Father Christmas’s life and adventures at the North Pole.
这些信里讲述了关于圣诞老人在北极生活和探险的精彩故事。
A regular character in the letters was Polar Bear, who once climbed the North Pole (an actual pole in this case) and fell through the roof of Father Christmas’s house.
信中经常出现的一个角色是北极熊，它曾经爬上北极（在信中，北极是一根真的杆子），结果摔下来砸穿了圣诞老人家的屋顶。
In another letter, Father Christmas complained about how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of wrapping them up.
在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他那些助手们非但没有把玩具包装起来，反而拿起玩具玩起了游戏，他怎么也没法让他们停下来。
Interestingly, the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.
有趣的是，信中并没有那些常见的对孩子们的警告，比如表现不好就可能收不到礼物之类的话。
The letters did, however, change as Tolkien’s children got older: ... but if you find that not many of the things you asked for have come, and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes, remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and starving people.
不过，随着托尔金的孩子们逐渐长大，信的内容确实发生了一些变化：“……但是，如果你发现自己并没有得到很多你想要的东西，有时甚至所获无几，请记住，在这个圣诞节，世界各地还有很多的贫穷而饥饿的人。”
Letters from Father Christmas tells us that as well as enjoying the adventures of Father Christmas, Polar Bear and other characters at the North Pole, we can all share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time.
《圣诞老人的来信》告诉我们，在圣诞节，除了欣赏圣诞老人、北极熊和其他一些生活在北极的人物的冒险故事之外，我们还可以共同体会真正的奉献精神。
By expressing love for his children in such a special way, Tolkien may indeed have been the real Father Christmas.
托尔金以如此特殊的方式表达了对孩子们的爱，他可以算得上是真正的圣诞老人。
While-reading
Read the passage and find out:
1. What is Letters from Father Christmas about
Letter from Father Christmas is a collection of Tolkien's letters to his four children at Christmas. The letters told wonderful stories about Father Christmas's life and adventures at the North Pole.
2. Why did Tolkien write these letters
Tolkien wrote these letters because he wanted to keep Father Christmas alive for his four children.
Choose the sentence that best explains the title of the passage.
1. The real Father Christmas was actually Tolkien
himself.
2. Tolkien is the real Father Christmas, because
he wrote letters using the name "Father
Christmas".
3. Tolkien's love and care
for his children made
him very like Father
Christmas.
Complete the notes with expressions from the passage.
Title of the book:1__________________________
Author:2_______________.
Background information:
Every Christmas, Tolkien's children would get an envelope with 3_________________.Inside it, they would find 4_________________________________. Of course, the letters were written by Tolkien.
Contents of the letters:
They tell wonderful stories about 5_________________ ___________________________. In one letter, Polar Bear 6__________________ and7_______________ of Father Christmas's house.
In another letter,Father Christmas complained about 8____________________________________ with the toys.
Letters from Father Christmas
J.R.R. Tolkien
a North Pole stamp
a handwritten letter from Father Christmas
Father Christmas's life
and adventures at the North Pole
climbed the North Pole
fell through the roof
how he could not stop his helpers playing games
Background information
Try to retell the passage based on the key words.
Content of the letters
an envelope with...
It was addressed to...
a handwritten letter from...
climbed...
fell through...
complained...
instead of...
Polar Bear
Father Christmas
What we can learn
the adventures...
true spirit of...
no warnings that...
Think Share:
After-reading
1. Would you like to read the book letters from
Father Christmas Give your reasons.
2. What is the most special gift you have
received from your family
Why is it special to you
After-reading
Ending with the song:
That's Christmas to Me
1. keep...alive 保持生机，使......持续作用
例1:我们必须让那个受伤的鹿活着。
As parents, they try to keep that magic alive for their children for as long as they can.
1
句意：为人父母之后，他们也想让自己的孩子尽可能长久地相信这份魔力的存在。
We must _____ the wounded deer ______.
keep
alive
The people try to ____ the
old traditions _____.
例2:人们试图把这古老的传统保存下去。
keep
alive
【拓展】辨析alive, live, living
这一组形容词都跟“活”有关。
e.g.
1. The big factories are trying to stay _____ by
cutting costs.
大型工厂正试图通过削减成本以维持生存。
2. A ___ band is always a good draw at a party.
现场演奏的乐队在聚会上总是很吸引人的。
alive 活着的，有活力的，常作表语，作定语时必须后置。
live 活的，有活力的，现场直播的。
living 活着的，作定语可前可后，可修饰人也可修饰物。
3.He was the greatest _____ novelist in England.
他是英国活着的最伟大的小说家。
alive
live
living
2. as long as 长达......之久
例1:他们毕生都在关心着我。
As parents, they try to keep that magic alive for their children for as long as they can.
1
句意：为人父母之后，他们也想让自己的孩子尽可能长久地相信这份魔力的存在。
They all continued their regard for me as long
as they lived.
For almost as long as Juanita could remember,
studying English seemed as easy as breathing and as natural.
例2:在胡安妮塔的记忆中,学英语对自己来说早就是如同呼吸一样简单而自然了.
regard...as 把…当做；as后可接名词、代词、形容词、分词和介词短语等。
That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.
2
句意：有些人把圣诞节视为每年的特别时光，对于他们，《圣诞老人的来信》是再合适不过的书了。
【句法分析】why Letter from...the perfect book是主句That is...后接的表语从句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those。
I regard him as my friend.
例1：我把他当朋友。
例2：他认为形势严重。
That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.
2
句意：有些人把圣诞节视为每年的特别时光，对于他们，《圣诞老人的来信》是再合适不过的书了。
He regarded the situation as serious.
例3：我们不能认为这事已经解决。
We can't regard the matter as settled.
【拓展】be regarded...as 被认为是；被当做是
as regards/ with regard to 关于，至于
例4：至于钱，我有的是。
As regards money, I have enough.
1. with a North Pole stamp arrived: with复合宾语结构
with+宾语+过去分词：宾语(a North Pole stamp)与宾补(arrived)之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动完成。
例1: 他闭目坐在那儿。
He sat there with ______________.
Every Christmas, an envelope with a North Pole stamp arrived. It was addressed to Tolkien’s children.
3
句意：每年圣诞节，托尔金的家里都会收到一封贴有北极邮票的信，收信人是托尔金的孩子们。
his eyes closed
例2: 整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。
All the afternoon he worked with ____________.
the door locked
2. be addressed to 寄往......
address n. 地址
v. 写地址,写信给 (address...to)
例1: 那张明信片误写了我们的旧地址。
The card was wrongly ___________
our old home.
Every Christmas, an envelope with a North Pole stamp arrived. It was addressed to Tolkien’s children.
3
句意：每年圣诞节，托尔金的家里都会收到一封贴有北极邮票的信，收信人是托尔金的孩子们。
addressed to
例2: 请把这些信写上地址。
Please _______ these letters.
address
1. complain about 抱怨某事，对某事发牢骚
complain v.发牢骚；投诉
【动词变形】complain-complains-complaining-
complained-complained
complaint n. 抱怨；诉苦；疾病；委屈
例: 这对夫妇抱怨了游览欧洲的高昂花费。
The couple ______________ the high cost of visiting Europe.
In another letter, Father Christmas complained about how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of wrapping them up.
4
句意：在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他那些助手们非但没有把玩具包装起来，反而拿着玩具玩起了游戏，他怎么也没法让他们停下来。
complained about
2. stop doing 停止做（手头的）事情
stop to do 停下正在做的去做另一件事
例1:It's too late.He stopped reading books.
太晚了,他停止了读书。
例2:He was tired.He stopped to watch TV.
他累了,停下来看电视。
In another letter, Father Christmas complained about how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of wrapping them up.
4
句意：在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他那些助手们非但没有把玩具包装起来，反而拿着玩具玩起了游戏，他怎么也没法让他们停下来。
3. wrap...up 把东西包好；将某物打包；包起某物
In another letter, Father Christmas complained about how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of wrapping them up.
4
句意：在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他那些助手们非但没有把玩具包装起来，反而拿着玩具玩起了游戏，他怎么也没法让他们停下来。
例：黛安娜利用这个机会将家人的礼
物包起来。
Diana is taking the opportunity to
________ the family presents.
wrap up
1. interestingly adv. 有趣地
英语中，常将副词置于句首，修饰整个句子。
Interestingly, the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.
5
句意：值得关注的是，信里并没有那些常见的对孩子的警告，比如表现不好就可能得不到礼物之类的话。
例1：幸运的是，你还有能力去改变所有这一切。
_________, you have the power to change all that.
Fortunately
例2：谢天谢地，我们似乎从过去这些沉痛的教训中吸取了经验。
________, we seem to be learning from those painful lessons of the past.
Thankfully
2. 【句法分析】that引导同位语从句，对前面的抽象名词warnings进行解释说明。
Interestingly, the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.
5
1. The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean
ships can sail up the Great Lakes.
3. The thought that they could cross the whole
continent was exciting.
2. The news that he told me yesterday was true.
练习：判断以下句子哪些是同位语从句。
4. That’s the best piece of news I’ve heard.
... but if you find that not many of the things you asked for have come, and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes, remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and starving people.
6
句意：......但是，如果你发现自己并没有得到很多你想要的东西，有时甚至所获无几，请你记住，在这个圣诞节，世界上还有很多贫穷而饥饿的人。
Paraphrase: ...but when you find that you have not received the presents, or as many as the presents you asked for, you should remember that a large number of people around the world are still suffering from lack of food during this Christmas.
... but if you find that not many of the things you asked for have come, and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes, remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and starving people.
6
ask for 请求，要求；寻找
ask about 询问或打听关于某事的情况
例：
1. 真正需要帮助时，才向人请求协助。
Only ________ help when you need it.
2. 为客户提供他们不仅要求。
Give customers only what they ________.
3. 问问他你丢的戒指，也许他捡到了。
_____ him ______ ring— he may have found it.
ask for
ask for
Ask
about
... but if you find that not many of the things you asked for have come, and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes, remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and starving people.
6
a number of 许多，大量。后接可数名词复数或代词，谓语动词用复数形式。
the number of ……的数字/数目。 当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
___________students are planting trees on the hill．
例1：许多学生在小山上植树。
例2：我们想为这个项目提供一些资金，以便让在中国的那些鹿的数量能够得到增加。
We want to give some money to this project so that ___________those deer in china can be increased.
A number of
the number of
Understanding ideas
Unit 2 Let's celebrate!
The Hobbit is a fantasy novel.
Do you know who wrote this novel
奇幻小说
J.R.R Tolkien
(1892-1973)
The father of modern fantasy might not be the first author that springs to mind when you think about the cheery Christmas books niche. But Tolkien deserves a place on the mantle with Letters from Father Christmas: a gorgeous collection of the notes that Tolkien (ahem, we mean “Father Christmas”) sent to his kids every Christmas.
As with Lord of the Rings, Tolkien delivers impressively. All of his creativity, meticulousness, and whimsy is on display in this book — from the story about the clumsy polar bear who accidentally falls through the roof of Father Christmas' abode to the tale of the renegade reindeer scattering presents every which way. Beautifully crafted calligraphy and illustrations round out the book. Perhaps most poignantly, you'll see the letters themselves changing as Tolkien's children grow older: the themes become more serious and the notes take on a bittersweet tinge as his children stop writing back to “Father Christmas.” Nevertheless, this is a collection to savor, preferably with a mug of eggnog nearby.
Answer the questions as belows.
1. Have you ever read any of Tolkien's books or seen any of the films based on them What do you think of them
2. What else do you know about Tolkien Find out more about him and share your research with the class.
本书是托尔金从1920至1942年间用圣诞老人口吻写给他的孩子们的插图信件。
其中包括许多以前从未印刷过的图片和信件的全新高清数字版。
这是给所有年龄段的托尔金爱好者的完美圣诞礼物。
‘亲爱的孩子们，我今年比平时更加不安。全是北极熊的错。这是世界上最大的爆炸，也是有史以来最可怕的烟花。北极变黑了！’
每年12月，都会有一个装有来自北极的邮票的信封送给J. R. R. Tolkien的孩子们。里面会有一封用奇怪的蜘蛛笔迹写的字母，一张漂亮的彩色图画或一些草图。这些信件来自圣诞老人。
信中讲述了北极的精彩生活故事：
驯鹿是如何将礼物派送到世界各地的。
北极熊如何爬到北极，并从圣诞老人房子的屋顶掉进餐厅
他如何将月球分成四块，并让上面的人掉到后花园里
与住在屋子下方洞穴中的麻烦小妖精大战！
有时北极熊会做潦草笔记，有时伊尔伯雷斯（Ilbereth）精灵会用他优美流畅的笔迹写上几句话，为故事增添更多生趣。
从1920年托尔金长子收到的第一封信到1943年给女儿的最后一封信画上休止符，这本书收集了托尔金所有迷人的信和图片。不论年龄大小，任何读者都会被托尔金《圣诞老人的来信》的创造力所吸引。
Look at the photos below and guess what the book is about. Then read and check if you are right.
Letters from Father Christmas is a book written by J.R.R. Tolkien.
THE REAL FATHER CHRISTMAS
真正的圣诞老人
Many people still remember the magic of Father Christmas from when they were children.
许多人(长大以后)还依然记得来自童年时代的圣诞老人的魔力。
As parents, they try to keep that magic alive for their children for as long as they can.
为人父母之后，他们也想让自己的孩子尽可能长久地相信这份魔力的存在。
That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.
有些人把圣诞节视为每年的特别时光，对于他们，《圣诞老人的来信》可能是一本再合适不过的书了。
The man who wrote these letters is one of the most famous names in English literature—J.R.R. Tolkien, author of The Lord of the Rings.
写这些信的人是英国文坛的一位巨匠——《指环王(魔戒)》的作者J. R. R. 托尔金。
The letters were Tolkien’s way of keeping Father Christmas alive for his four children, over a period of more than twenty years.
二十多年来，托尔金以写信的方式让他的四个孩子相信圣诞老人真的存在。
Every Christmas, an envelope with a North Pole stamp arrived.
每年圣诞节，托尔金的家里都会收到一封贴有北极邮票的信，
It was addressed to Tolkien’s children. Who could it be from
收件人是托尔金的孩子们。会是谁寄过来的呢？
The children must have been very excited as they opened it.
孩子们打开时一定很兴奋。
Inside, they would find a handwritten letter from Father Christmas.
他们会发现里面有一封圣诞老人的亲笔信。
The letters were also beautifully illustrated—each must have taken its true author, Tolkien, a long time to complete.
信里还配有精美的插图——它们真正的作者托尔金一定花了很长时间去完成每一幅画作。
The letters told wonderful stories about Father Christmas’s life and adventures at the North Pole.
这些信里讲述了关于圣诞老人在北极生活和探险的精彩故事。
A regular character in the letters was Polar Bear, who once climbed the North Pole (an actual pole in this case) and fell through the roof of Father Christmas’s house.
信中经常出现的一个角色是北极熊，它曾经爬上北极（在信中，北极是一根真的杆子），结果摔下来砸穿了圣诞老人家的屋顶。
In another letter, Father Christmas complained about how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of wrapping them up.
在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他那些助手们非但没有把玩具包装起来，反而拿起玩具玩起了游戏，他怎么也没法让他们停下来。
Interestingly, the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.
有趣的是，信中并没有那些常见的对孩子们的警告，比如表现不好就可能收不到礼物之类的话。
The letters did, however, change as Tolkien’s children got older: ... but if you find that not many of the things you asked for have come, and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes, remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and starving people.
不过，随着托尔金的孩子们逐渐长大，信的内容确实发生了一些变化：“……但是，如果你发现自己并没有得到很多你想要的东西，有时甚至所获无几，请记住，在这个圣诞节，世界各地还有很多的贫穷而饥饿的人。”
Letters from Father Christmas tells us that as well as enjoying the adventures of Father Christmas, Polar Bear and other characters at the North Pole, we can all share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time.
《圣诞老人的来信》告诉我们，在圣诞节，除了欣赏圣诞老人、北极熊和其他一些生活在北极的人物的冒险故事之外，我们还可以共同体会真正的奉献精神。
By expressing love for his children in such a special way, Tolkien may indeed have been the real Father Christmas.
托尔金以如此特殊的方式表达了对孩子们的爱，他可以算得上是真正的圣诞老人。
While-reading
Read the passage and find out:
1. What is Letters from Father Christmas about
Letter from Father Christmas is a collection of Tolkien's letters to his four children at Christmas. The letters told wonderful stories about Father Christmas's life and adventures at the North Pole.
2. Why did Tolkien write these letters
Tolkien wrote these letters because he wanted to keep Father Christmas alive for his four children.
Choose the sentence that best explains the title of the passage.
1. The real Father Christmas was actually Tolkien
himself.
2. Tolkien is the real Father Christmas, because
he wrote letters using the name "Father
Christmas".
3. Tolkien's love and care
for his children made
him very like Father
Christmas.
Complete the notes with expressions from the passage.
Title of the book:1__________________________
Author:2_______________.
Background information:
Every Christmas, Tolkien's children would get an envelope with 3_________________.Inside it, they would find 4_________________________________. Of course, the letters were written by Tolkien.
Contents of the letters:
They tell wonderful stories about 5_________________ ___________________________. In one letter, Polar Bear 6__________________ and7_______________ of Father Christmas's house.
In another letter,Father Christmas complained about 8____________________________________ with the toys.
Letters from Father Christmas
J.R.R. Tolkien
a North Pole stamp
a handwritten letter from Father Christmas
Father Christmas's life
and adventures at the North Pole
climbed the North Pole
fell through the roof
how he could not stop his helpers playing games
Background information
Try to retell the passage based on the key words.
Content of the letters
an envelope with...
It was addressed to...
a handwritten letter from...
climbed...
fell through...
complained...
instead of...
Polar Bear
Father Christmas
What we can learn
the adventures...
true spirit of...
no warnings that...
Think Share:
After-reading
1. Would you like to read the book letters from
Father Christmas Give your reasons.
2. What is the most special gift you have
received from your family
Why is it special to you
After-reading
Ending with the song:
That's Christmas to Me
1. keep...alive 保持生机，使......持续作用
例1:我们必须让那个受伤的鹿活着。
As parents, they try to keep that magic alive for their children for as long as they can.
1
句意：为人父母之后，他们也想让自己的孩子尽可能长久地相信这份魔力的存在。
We must _____ the wounded deer ______.
keep
alive
The people try to ____ the
old traditions _____.
例2:人们试图把这古老的传统保存下去。
keep
alive
【拓展】辨析alive, live, living
这一组形容词都跟“活”有关。
e.g.
1. The big factories are trying to stay _____ by
cutting costs.
大型工厂正试图通过削减成本以维持生存。
2. A ___ band is always a good draw at a party.
现场演奏的乐队在聚会上总是很吸引人的。
alive 活着的，有活力的，常作表语，作定语时必须后置。
live 活的，有活力的，现场直播的。
living 活着的，作定语可前可后，可修饰人也可修饰物。
3.He was the greatest _____ novelist in England.
他是英国活着的最伟大的小说家。
alive
live
living
2. as long as 长达......之久
例1:他们毕生都在关心着我。
As parents, they try to keep that magic alive for their children for as long as they can.
1
句意：为人父母之后，他们也想让自己的孩子尽可能长久地相信这份魔力的存在。
They all continued their regard for me as long
as they lived.
For almost as long as Juanita could remember,
studying English seemed as easy as breathing and as natural.
例2:在胡安妮塔的记忆中,学英语对自己来说早就是如同呼吸一样简单而自然了.
regard...as 把…当做；as后可接名词、代词、形容词、分词和介词短语等。
That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.
2
句意：有些人把圣诞节视为每年的特别时光，对于他们，《圣诞老人的来信》是再合适不过的书了。
【句法分析】why Letter from...the perfect book是主句That is...后接的表语从句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those。
I regard him as my friend.
例1：我把他当朋友。
例2：他认为形势严重。
That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.
2
句意：有些人把圣诞节视为每年的特别时光，对于他们，《圣诞老人的来信》是再合适不过的书了。
He regarded the situation as serious.
例3：我们不能认为这事已经解决。
We can't regard the matter as settled.
【拓展】be regarded...as 被认为是；被当做是
as regards/ with regard to 关于，至于
例4：至于钱，我有的是。
As regards money, I have enough.
1. with a North Pole stamp arrived: with复合宾语结构
with+宾语+过去分词：宾语(a North Pole stamp)与宾补(arrived)之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动完成。
例1: 他闭目坐在那儿。
He sat there with ______________.
Every Christmas, an envelope with a North Pole stamp arrived. It was addressed to Tolkien’s children.
3
句意：每年圣诞节，托尔金的家里都会收到一封贴有北极邮票的信，收信人是托尔金的孩子们。
his eyes closed
例2: 整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。
All the afternoon he worked with ____________.
the door locked
2. be addressed to 寄往......
address n. 地址
v. 写地址,写信给 (address...to)
例1: 那张明信片误写了我们的旧地址。
The card was wrongly ___________
our old home.
Every Christmas, an envelope with a North Pole stamp arrived. It was addressed to Tolkien’s children.
3
句意：每年圣诞节，托尔金的家里都会收到一封贴有北极邮票的信，收信人是托尔金的孩子们。
addressed to
例2: 请把这些信写上地址。
Please _______ these letters.
address
1. complain about 抱怨某事，对某事发牢骚
complain v.发牢骚；投诉
【动词变形】complain-complains-complaining-
complained-complained
complaint n. 抱怨；诉苦；疾病；委屈
例: 这对夫妇抱怨了游览欧洲的高昂花费。
The couple ______________ the high cost of visiting Europe.
In another letter, Father Christmas complained about how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of wrapping them up.
4
句意：在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他那些助手们非但没有把玩具包装起来，反而拿着玩具玩起了游戏，他怎么也没法让他们停下来。
complained about
2. stop doing 停止做（手头的）事情
stop to do 停下正在做的去做另一件事
例1:It's too late.He stopped reading books.
太晚了,他停止了读书。
例2:He was tired.He stopped to watch TV.
他累了,停下来看电视。
In another letter, Father Christmas complained about how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of wrapping them up.
4
句意：在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他那些助手们非但没有把玩具包装起来，反而拿着玩具玩起了游戏，他怎么也没法让他们停下来。
3. wrap...up 把东西包好；将某物打包；包起某物
In another letter, Father Christmas complained about how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of wrapping them up.
4
句意：在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他那些助手们非但没有把玩具包装起来，反而拿着玩具玩起了游戏，他怎么也没法让他们停下来。
例：黛安娜利用这个机会将家人的礼
物包起来。
Diana is taking the opportunity to
________ the family presents.
wrap up
1. interestingly adv. 有趣地
英语中，常将副词置于句首，修饰整个句子。
Interestingly, the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.
5
句意：值得关注的是，信里并没有那些常见的对孩子的警告，比如表现不好就可能得不到礼物之类的话。
例1：幸运的是，你还有能力去改变所有这一切。
_________, you have the power to change all that.
Fortunately
例2：谢天谢地，我们似乎从过去这些沉痛的教训中吸取了经验。
________, we seem to be learning from those painful lessons of the past.
Thankfully
2. 【句法分析】that引导同位语从句，对前面的抽象名词warnings进行解释说明。
Interestingly, the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.
5
1. The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean
ships can sail up the Great Lakes.
3. The thought that they could cross the whole
continent was exciting.
2. The news that he told me yesterday was true.
练习：判断以下句子哪些是同位语从句。
4. That’s the best piece of news I’ve heard.
... but if you find that not many of the things you asked for have come, and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes, remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and starving people.
6
句意：......但是，如果你发现自己并没有得到很多你想要的东西，有时甚至所获无几，请你记住，在这个圣诞节，世界上还有很多贫穷而饥饿的人。
Paraphrase: ...but when you find that you have not received the presents, or as many as the presents you asked for, you should remember that a large number of people around the world are still suffering from lack of food during this Christmas.
... but if you find that not many of the things you asked for have come, and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes, remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and starving people.
6
ask for 请求，要求；寻找
ask about 询问或打听关于某事的情况
例：
1. 真正需要帮助时，才向人请求协助。
Only ________ help when you need it.
2. 为客户提供他们不仅要求。
Give customers only what they ________.
3. 问问他你丢的戒指，也许他捡到了。
_____ him ______ ring— he may have found it.
ask for
ask for
Ask
about
... but if you find that not many of the things you asked for have come, and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes, remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and starving people.
6
a number of 许多，大量。后接可数名词复数或代词，谓语动词用复数形式。
the number of ……的数字/数目。 当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
___________students are planting trees on the hill．
例1：许多学生在小山上植树。
例2：我们想为这个项目提供一些资金，以便让在中国的那些鹿的数量能够得到增加。
We want to give some money to this project so that ___________those deer in china can be increased.
A number of
the number of