Unit 2 Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The whole community felt great ________(同情) for the family's bad luck.
2．David really has a thick skin! He said such ________(可笑的) and unreasonable words after his mistake.
3．We ________(宣布) that these decisions shall not be put into practice.
4．Almost all black people have a great voice; I really ________(羡慕) them.
5．You are late again. Your ________(奖金) will be reduced by fifty percent.
6．Children enjoy reading science f________.
7．The students have strong d________to discuss the question.
8．The mother was a________when her baby fell onto the ground and began to cry.
9．Playing tennis is one of his greatest s________.
10．Would you please do me a f________to push the car to start?
答案：1.sympathy 2.absurd 3.declare 4.envy 5.bonus
6．fiction 7.desire 8.alarmed 9.satisfactions 10.favour
Ⅱ.用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
1．“We must take ________ measures to solve the problem.” the manager said ________. (firm)
2．What ________ the women most was that when they were talking about the ________ news about the girl, she became ________ so that she ran away as soon as she heard this.(embarrass)
3．He ________ to his friends why he was late but none of them thought his ________ believable. (explain)
4．Coco is a ________ singer. She is a singer of great ________ for music and dancing. (talent)
5．Anne was sleeping when the phone ________ her awake. She was even ________ to hear the ________ news that another bombing had hit Birmingham. (alarm)
6．Everything went on ________ after they ________ away all these difficulties. (smooth)
7．He didn't get ________ to her until he was 36 years old but their ________ only lasted 5 years. After their divorce he decided to ________. This time he chose a woman who was kind-hearted though not beautiful. (marry)
答案：1.firm; firmly 2.embarrassed; embarrassing; embarrassed 3.explained; explanation 4.talented; talents 5.alarmed; alarmed; alarming 6.smoothly; smoothed 7.married; marriage; remarry
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．________ ________ ________(让我满意的是), we have settled everything in connection with this.
2．Some people ________ ________ ________ ________(渴望……)a nicer car and a bigger house.
3．Please ask him to________ ________ ________(给我打电话)before nine tomorrow morning.
4．The woman dare not ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(把她的婴儿独自留在房子里)even for five minutes.
5．Do you think he will __________ __________ ________ ________(声明反对这项计划)?
答案：
1．To my satisfaction 2.have a desire for 3.ring me up 4.leave her baby alone in the house 5.declare against the plan
Ⅳ.单项填空
1．The teacher allowed us 5 minutes to ________ the text through to get a general idea of the whole passage.
A．discuss B．adapt
C．pile D．scan
答案：D 句意为“老师给了我们5分钟时间来浏览(scan)全文，掌握其大意”。
2．—Do you know when Britain ________ war on Germany during the Second World War?
—In 1939，I suppose.
A．announced B．declared
C．fought D．attended
答案：B declare通常指正式地“公布，宣布，宣告”；declare war on“对……宣战”。
3．Do you know that every man here ________ you your freedom to do what you want?
A．envy B．like
C．appreciate D．enjoy
答案：A 考查动词词义。envy“忌妒”；like“喜欢”；appreciate“感激，欣赏”；enjoy“喜欢”。由句意可知A项正确。
4．—Ring me ________ every day，will you?
—With pleasure. Do ring ________， please.
A．up; back B．back; back
C．back; up D．on; for
答案：A 句意为——“每天给我打电话，好吗？”——“好的，请给我回电话。”ring up“打电话”；ring back“回电话”。
5．It is none of your business ________ other people think about you. Believe yourself.
A．how B．what
C．which D．when
答案：B 分析句子结构可知，it作形式主语，而真正的主语应为后面的从句，且从句中缺少动词think的宾语，故用what引导。
6．This new product，________， this new style of shirt, is not very attractive to young people.
A．rather than B．other than
C．or rather D．or else
答案：C 考查动词辨析。or rather“更确切地说”，常用作插入语，修正前面所说的话，符合题意。rather than“宁愿；而不是”；other than“除……之外”；or else“否则；要不然”，皆与句意不符。故选C。
7．The accident happened on such an evening with strong winds ________ by heavy rain.
A．appeared B．happened
C．accompanied D．mixed
答案：C 考查动词辨析。句意：那场事故发生在这样一个夜晚——强风伴随着大雨。with strong winds accompanied by heavy rain为with复合结构作定语。accompanied by...“由……陪伴”，符合语境。mixed应与介词with搭配才对。
8．The old woman ________ her sons and daughters ________ and see her from time to time.
A．suggested; to come B．hoped; to come
C．desired; coming D．desired; to come
答案：D 考查动词辨析。句意：这位老妇人渴望她的儿女儿们不时地来看望她。suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”；hope to do sth.“希望做某事”；desire sb. to do sth.“渴望某人做某事”。
9．It's unnatural for a mother to leave her child ________ to enjoy herself.
A．alone B．lonely
C．lone D．loneliness
答案：A 考查leave的短语。句意：作为母亲，让孩子独自一个人玩是不合常理的。leave... alone表示“丢下……不管”，是固定短语，故选A。
10．The patient is seriously ill. Better have him ________ on in no time.
A．operate B．to operate
C．operating D．operated
答案：D 考查have的用法。have sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”；have sb. doing sth.“让某人持续做某事”；have sb. done“遭遇到某事”。句意：这个病人病得很严重，最好立刻给他动手术。此句中him与operate为被动关系。故D项正确。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
Norah had a cottage on a cliff(悬崖)above a big bay. In winter it could be very unpleasant because of strong winds and sea waves. In fact, when a gale was blowing, Norah and her husband got used to sleeping in a small room downstairs, because their bedroom upstairs, which faced the gales, had a very big window, and they were afraid that an extra violent wind might break it and blow pieces of broken glass over them.
Also, the salt wave from the sea put an end to many of the colorful plants Norah planted in her garden. She tried putting up a fence to protect them, but the wind just hit it, went up over the top and then down the other side, so in the end she filled the garden with trees and bushes that liked salt.
But most of the summer Norah enjoyed her cottage and garden very much. At weekends she could sit out-of-doors in the sun, looking at the beautiful view, with interesting ships and boats passing by, and she could very easily cycle down to the sea for a swim.
Now, Norah and her husband had plenty of friends and relations. In the summer lots of them used to come to enjoy the beautiful place, and in the end it really became quite annoying for the couple. When they were at home, they found friends and relations arriving, expecting to be given unlimited drinks and meals, sitting in the sun for hours, and talking as if Norah and her husband had nothing else to do but entertain and listen to them.
This went on for several years. Norah didn't wish to appear rude by refusing to let her friends and relations but on the other hand, she was getting tired every summer. Then one day Norah was complaining about this to her hairdresser while she was doing her hair. “You're disturbed by too many uninvited guests, aren't you？” said the hairdresser. “Why don't you try my way of escaping？”
“What's that？” asked Norah.
“Well，” the hairdresser answered, “when the bell rings, I will put on my coat and take my shopping bag. If it's someone I don't want to see, I will say innocently, ‘ I' m sorry, but I've got to go out. ’ But...”
文章大意：这篇文章主要讲了每年夏天，总有许多亲戚和朋友来Norah夫妇的家，他们已经厌倦了这样的不速之客，理发师告诉了Norah一个逃避的好方法。
1．The underlined word “gale” in Paragraph One can be replaced by “________”．
A．wind B．ship
C．sea D．animal
答案：A 考查词义猜测。根据上文中的“because of strong winds”，以及句子谓浯“was blowing”可推知该词的意思为“风”，故选A。
2．How did Norah go to the sea for a swim?
A．She went there by ship.
B．She walked there.
C．She swam there.
D．She went there by bicycle.
答案：D 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“she could very easily cycle down to the sea for a swim”，可知，应选D。
3．We can infer that ________.
A．lots of friends came to visit them in winter
B．few friends came to visit them in winter
C．friends came to visit them only for drinks and meals
D．Norah was a good cook
答案：B 考查推理判断。根据第一段中的第二句及第四段中的第二句和第五段中的第二句可推知答案应为B。
4．Which of the following is the best title?
A．A Good Place for Enjoying the Sea
B．A Visit to Norah
C．A Clever Way of Escaping
D．A Warm-hearted Couple
答案：C 考查标题判断。这篇文章主要讲了每年夏天，总有许多亲戚和朋友来Norah夫妇的家，他们已经厌倦了这样的不速之客，理发师告诉了Norah一个逃避的好方法。文章的精彩之处在于理发师提出的方法，故选C。
B
A 1.6-meter tall robot may soon become the best friend for lonely elderly people, as Chinese scientists are making the final sprint(冲刺)toward its market launch(投放), said a senior researcher on the robot project on Saturday.
“We are working on testing the exact functions and ways to reduce the cost in preparations for an expected market launch of the robot in two to three years，” said Li Ruifeng, a member of the project.
He said the team hoped to reduce the cost so that the robot can be priced at 30,000 to 50,000 yuan, which is expected to be an affordable price for most of China's better-off families.
The robot has been developed with the functions of fetching food, medicine, sounding alarms in case of water or gas leakage, sending texts or video images via wireless communications, and even singing a song or playing chess to entertain its masters.
Li said that the robot, developed independently in China, has technology at the same level as those in western labs.
China set about the research of the robot in 2007, when it was listed as a national key project. It is backed by government funding(拨款). China has the world's largest elderly population with 159 million people over 60, accounting for 12 percent of its total population. According to a survey by the Ministry of Civil Affairs, more than 10 million caregivers and nurses are needed to attend the elderly population, as most of Chinese elderly prefer to live their retired lives at home.
5．The passage mainly talked about________.
A．the problems of Chinese elderly population
B．the advantages of the Robot caregivers
C．robot caregivers for the elderly to the market
D．the government's attention to the elderly
答案：C 主旨大意题。由第一段首句“A 1.6-meter tall robot may soon become the best friend for lonely elderly people, as Chinese scientists are making the final sprint toward its market launch”可知。
6．The underlined word “backed”in the last paragraph means________.
A．supported B．suggested
C．controlled D．stopped
答案：A 词义猜测题。由前一句的“a national key project”及其后的“by government funding(拨款)”可知。
7．From the last paragraph we know that________.
A．our government pays no attention to the elderly people
B．China has the world's largest elderly population
C．Chinese elderly people prefer to be looked after by robot caregivers
D．robots are the best friends for the lonely elderly people
答案：B 细节理解题。由最后一段第三句“China has the world's largest elderly population with 159 million people over 60, accounting for 12 percent of its total population.”可知。
8．Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．Robot caregivers will appear in the market in 2 or 3 years.
B．Robot caregivers can help elderly people to everything.
C．The robot needs some technology from western labs.
D．The robot is expected to be bought by every people.
答案：A 细节理解题。由第二段“We are working on testing the exact functions and ways to reduce the cost in preparations for an expected market launch of the robot in two to three years”可知。
9．The author wrote the passage to________.
A．advertise a robot caregiver to the elderly
B．tell China elderly not to worry about their life
C．explain how robot caregivers work in the future
D．introduce a newly-developed robot caregiver
答案：D 主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文讲述了一种可以照顾孤独老年人生活的机器人即将面世以及与其相关的测试、成本、功能、技术、前景等。
课件124张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 选修7 （通用本）RobotsUnit 2 1.1.1 集合的概念Section Ⅰ
Warming-up; Pre-reading, Reading & Comprehending1.1.1 集合的概念Unit 2Ⅰ.词汇过关
1．音意记忆
(1)/dI/'zaI?/________(n.)渴望；欲望；渴求
(vt.)希望得到；想要
(2)/'sImp?θI/__________(n.)同情(心)
(3)/paIl/________(n.)堆；叠(vi.)堆起，堆积
(vt.)把……堆起；积聚
(4)/?'k?mp?nI/__________(vt.)陪伴；伴奏desiresympathy pileaccompany2．形意记忆
(1)satisfaction(n.)满意；满足；令人满意的事物→________(vt.)满足；使满意→____________________(adj.)令人满意的→________(adj.)满足的；(感到)满意的
(2)alarm(vt.)使警觉；使惊恐；惊动(n.)警报；惊恐→________(adj.)担心的；害怕的
(3)________(adj.)优雅的；高雅的；讲究的→elegance(n.)优雅，高雅→________(adv.)优雅地；高雅地satisfy satisfying/satisfactorysatisfiedalarmedelegantelegantly(4)favour(n.)喜爱；恩惠(vt.)喜爱；偏袒→__________(adj.)肯定的；有利的
(5)declare(vt.)宣布；声明；表明；宣称→__________(n.)宣布；声明；宣言
(6)envy(vt.)忌妒；羡慕→________(adj.)忌妒的；羡慕favourabledeclarationenviousⅡ.短语自查
1．test out ________________
2．or rather ________________
3．reach for ________________
4．ring up ________________
5．turn around ________________
6．从……掉下来 ________________
7．及时；迟早 ________________试验；考验
更确切地说
伸手去够
给……打电话
转向；回转
fall off
in time
8．抱着某人 ________________
9．不仅仅；不止 ________________
10．不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起________________hold sb. in one‘s arms
more than leave... aloneⅢ.经典句式
1．Do you think it is possible for a robot ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________？
你认为机器人有可能有自己的需求和愿望吗？
2．__________， __________she first saw the robot, she felt ________.
然而，她初次见到机器人时就感到有点吃惊。3．It was ________ and ________ ________he looked so human.
机器人如此通人性，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。
4．________she ________ ________， ________ ________Gladys Claffern.
她刚一转身，就看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那儿。
答案：1.to have its own needs and desires 2.However; when; alarmed 3.disturbing; frightening that 4.As; turned around; there stoodⅣ.语篇理解
The company 1.________ which Larry worked was to have a newly-made robot called Tony 2.________ with by his wife Claire at home. At the first sight of Tony, Claire felt 3.________. She thought it was 4.________ that a robot should look so 5.________， with his 6.________ hair，deep voice, tall and handsome body. For as long as three weeks, Tony wanted to help her to dress, which made Claire 7.________ and she refused him. But she was glad that Tony could make her home8.________， give her a new haircut and change her makeup. To improve her home，he could also 9.________ a list of items for her to buy. And finally Tony helped Claire win the victory to be 10.________ by those ladies like Gladys Claffern who Claire wanted to be like. What made us unbelievable was that Claire fell in love with Tony—a robot !
答案：1.for 2.experimented 3.alarmed 4.absurd 5.human 6.smooth 7.embarrassed 8.elegant 9.write out 10.envied1.design vt.设计；构思；绘制 n．设计(样式)；设计图样
①They asked me to design a poster for the campaign.
他们请我为这次运动设计一张海报。
②The magazine will appear in a new design next week.
下周这本杂志将以新的设计问世。知识拓展
be designed to do打算/计划做……
be designed for为某目的或用途而设计或计划
by design＝on purpose故意地
The experiment is designed to test the new drug.
实验目的是为了测试这种新药。
The method is specially designed for use in groups.
这种方法是专为小组活动设计的。
活学活用
(1)完成句子
①这本书是专为孩子们设计的。
This book ________ ________ ________children.
②他故意迟到了。
He came late________ ________.
答案：①is designed for ②by design (2)The book, mainly________use in college, is a best-seller this year.
A．designed for B．designed to
C．designing to D．designing for
答案：A 本题考查design用法。be designed to与be designed for都可以表示“打算做……用”，但前者后接动词原形，后者接名词。本句中use是名词，故选A项。若选B项则要用be used表被动。句意为“这本主要在大学使用的书，今年很畅销”。2．desire n．渴望；欲望；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要
①He has a strong desire for success./He has a strong desire to succeed.
他非常渴望成功。
②We also send, at your desire, a copy of our latest book.
应您的要求，我们还寄上了一册本社最新出版的书。
③My sister desired my brother-in-law to buy the smart car for her.
我姐姐想让姐夫给她买那辆精致的小汽车。④I desire to see the headmaster.
我想见校长。
⑤We desire only that you(should) do your best.
我们只盼望你们尽最大的努力。
知识拓展
have a desire for sth./to do sth.迫切想要得到某物/想要做某事
at one's desire应某人的要求
desire sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事
desire to do sth.渴望做某事
desire that sb.(should)do...渴望……
注意：当desire后接同位语从句、表语从句或宾语从句时，that从句常用虚拟语气，谓语用“should＋动词原形”，且should可以省略。
He desired that the company (should) call him this week.
他期望那家公司这周能给他打电话。活学活用
(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空
①I have no desire ________(discuss) the matter further.
②Anyone who desires ________(vote) must come to the meeting.
③He expressed his desire that his books ________(reach) as many people as possible.
答案：①to discuss ②to vote ③(should) reach
(2)Tom's brother is too selfish, whom we can't________him to lend us a hand.
A．desire B．make
C．hope D．suggest
答案：A 由句意“汤姆的哥哥太自私了，我们甭想从他那里得到帮助。”可知，此处A项符合题意。而C项虽然意思符合，但不接不定式作宾补。
(3)It is most desirable that they________.
A．came both B．should both come
C．both came D．come both
答案：B 本题考查表语是desirable，它是desire的派生词。desire及其派生词后接句子都应用“should＋do”的形式。因此that引导的主语从句中动词的形式也应用should＋do的形式。句意：“他们两个都来，这最好不过了。”3．alarm vt.使惊恐；使警觉；惊动 n．警报；惊恐
①I don't want to alarm you but it is very serious.
我不想吓唬你但这事的确很严重。
②When the fire broke out, the brave woman sounded the alarm.
当火灾发生时，这位勇敢的妇女发出了警报。
③The doctor said there was no cause for alarm.
医生说不必恐慌。知识拓展
alarmed adj.害怕的；惊恐的
sound/give/raise the alarm发出警报
be alarmed at/by被……吓一跳
be alarmed to do sth.做……感到恐慌
alarming adj.令人害怕的
in alarm惊恐地
Everybody was alarmed at the news that war might break out.
每个人听了战争可能爆发的消息都感到恐慌。
I was alarmed to see a man was carrying a gun.
我看到一个人带着枪感到很惊恐。图解助记
She was alarmed at the sudden alarm.
突如其来的警报让她惊恐万分。活学活用
(1)完成句子
①“What's up？”he asked ________ ________.
“出什么事了？”他惊恐地问道。
②________________________________， the birds flew away.
那声音把鸟吓飞了。
③I ________ ________ ________ ________ that the men were carrying guns.
我看到那些人带着枪感到很惊恐。
答案：①in alarm ②Alarmed by the noise ③was alarmed to see
(2)The guard ________ the alarm as soon as he heard the steps.
A．sounded B．put
C．rose D．aroused
答案：A sound the alarm“发出警报”。由句意“这个卫兵一听到脚步声便发出了警报”可知A项正确。
4．sympathy n．同情(心)
①Every man in trouble wants sympathy.
每个遇到麻烦的人都渴望得到同情。
②She felt sympathy for his sufferings.
她对他的遭遇深感同情。知识拓展
feel/have sympathy for同情某人
in sympathy with同情；赞成；和……一致
out of sympathy with对……不同情；不赞成；对……没有同感，和……不一致
win sympathy of博得……的同情
He gave the poor child some money out of sympathy.
出于同情，他给了这个穷孩子一点钱。
He is in sympathy with their beliefs.
他与他们的信仰一致。活学活用
(1)完成句子
①听完这个故事，他对她目前的情况深感同情。
After hearing the story, he__________ ________ ________her present situation.
②通过描述他悲惨的童年，他赢得路人的同情。
He________ ________ ________ ________passers-by by describing his miserable childhood.
答案：①felt sympathy for ②won the sympathy of(2)短语替换
①Everyone around her, in some way, showed hearty sympathy to the patient.
______________________________________________
②The manager has agreed to our plan.
______________________________________________
答案：①expressed hearty sympathy for ②has been in sympathy with5．elegant adj.优雅的；高雅的；讲究的
①The waiter served our dishes in an elegant way.
服务员动作优雅地给我们上菜。
②We were all attracted by the Queen's elegant tableware.
我们都被女王讲究的餐具吸引了。比较网站
elegant与graceful
I was attracted by the noble woman's elegant behavior.
我被这位贵妇人的优雅举止吸引了。
Roses are blooming in a graceful way.
玫瑰花优雅地开放着。
知识拓展
elegantly adv.优雅地；高雅地活学活用
翻译句子
An elegantly dressed nobleman came out of the car and introduced himself as the father of the elegant girl.
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
答案：一位穿着考究的贵族从车里走出来，自称是那位优雅女孩的父亲。
6．favour vt.喜爱；偏袒 n．喜爱；恩惠；帮忙；支持
①Many countries favour a presidential system of government.
很多国家都喜欢总统制政府。
②He was careful to show no favour to anyone.
他小心谨慎地不偏袒任何人。知识拓展
do sb. a favour/do a favour for sb.帮某人一个忙
in favour of sb./sth.赞成；支持
in sb.'s favour对某人有利
Could you do me a favour and pick my son up at the school gate? You know I am always in favour of you. And I think doing such things is in your favour.
请你帮我个忙去学校接我儿子好吗？你知道我一直就支持你的。而且我觉得做这些事对你也是有好处的。
活学活用
(1)My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ________ it.
A．in favour of B．in memory of
C．in honour of D．in search of
答案：A
(2)We were very excited because the score was 4?1 in our________.
A．help B．side
C．favour D．advantage
答案：C 本题考查固定短语用法。in sb.'s favour“对某人有利”；句意为“我们相当兴奋，因为比分是4?1，对我们有利”。由此可知，此处C项正确。7．pile vt.把……堆起；积聚 vi.堆起；堆积 n．堆；摞；叠
①She piled everything into her suitcase and left.
她把所有东西堆进手提箱然后走了。
②The bus finally came and we all piled into it.
公共汽车终于来了，我们一拥而上。
③Your letter is under a pile of papers.
你的信在一摞文件底下。知识拓展
pile in/out蜂拥而进/出
pile up堆起来
a pile of/piles of一大堆；大量
The students all piled into the classroom.
学生们一窝蜂地拥进教室。
Please pile up the old books.
请把这些旧书堆起来。
I have piles of work to do today.
我今天有许多工作要做。活学活用
根据汉语提示完成句子
(1)欢乐的人群挤进屋子。
The cheerful people________ ________ ________ ________.
(2)桌子上有一大堆杂志。
There are________ ________ ________on the desk.
(3)请把雪堆积起来。
Please________ ________the snow.
答案：(1)piled into the house (2)piles of magazines (3)pile up8．accompany vt.陪伴；伴奏；伴随；与……同时
①Children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult.
14岁以下儿童必须有成人陪伴。
②She left the stage, accompanied by loud cheering.
她在一片欢呼声中离开了舞台。
③The young man said that he was going to accompany his girlfriend home.
那个年轻人说他打算陪他的女友回家。
④Her mother accompanied her on the piano.
她母亲用钢琴为她伴奏。
知识拓展
(1)accompany sb. at/on sth.用……给某人伴奏
accompany sb. to...陪某人到……
be accompanied by...由……陪同或伴随
(2)accompanist n．伴随者
company n．同伴；客人；公司；戏剧团
keep sb. company陪伴某人
注意：accompany作动词用时意为“陪同……去……”(go with...)，本身已包含了go的含义，因而不能再与go连用。例如：
I accompanied him to the hotel.
我陪他去了宾馆。活学活用
(1)The eruption of volcano________by an earthquake caused great damage.
A．accompanied B．companies
C．companions D．accomplished
答案：A 本题考查词汇辨析。accompany“陪伴，伴随”；company“公司，陪伴”；companion“伙伴，同伴”；accomplish“完成，达到”。分析句子结构，空格及其后的by an earthquake在句中作定语修饰eruption，故应用动词，排除B、C两项；由句意“这场火山爆发伴随着地震造成了极大的破坏”可知，此处A项符合句意。(2)用company, companion, accompany适当形式填空
①A man is known by his________he keeps.
②There were strong winds________by heavy rain last night.
③A lovely dog is a faithful________.
答案：①company ②accompanied ③companion
9．affair n．事务；事情；暧昧关系
The minister deals with important affairs of the state.
部长处理国家重要事务。比较网站How did the traffic accident happen? We are going to discuss how to deal with this matter.
这起交通事故怎么发生的？我们将要讨论一下如何处理这件事情。
The World War Ⅱ was one of the most important events in the history of mankind.
第二次世界大战是人类历史上最重大的事件之一。
In the recent incident two bombs exploded.
在最近发生的事变中，两枚炸弹爆炸了。活学活用
用affair, event, incident, accident或matter的适当形式填空
(1)He was killed in a car________.
(2)The July 7th________of 1937 had a bad influence on China.
(3)The next________will be the relay race.
(4)It is a________of who will take the position.
(5)Big countries shouldn't direct the ________of other countries.
答案：(1)accident (2)incident (3)event (4)matter
(5)affairs
10．declare vt.宣布；宣称；声明；表明
①She declared that the whole project was a waste of time and money.
她声称整个项目既浪费时间又浪费钱。
②Soon they will declare her the owner of the house.
很快他们就会宣布她为房子的主人。知识拓展
declare sth.宣布某事
declare that...宣布……
declare sb./sth.(to be)＋adj.宣布某人/某物……
declare for/against...公开表明(声明)支持/反对
declare off取消
declare oneself发表意见，表明态度
declare war on/against(对……)宣战
declarer n．宣告者
declaration n．宣布，宣言，宣告，声明；申报，声明(书)比较网站
declare，announce
Everyone was silent as he announced the winner of the competition.
当他宣布竞赛的获胜者时，大家都静静地倾听。
The chairman declared the meeting closed.
主席宣布会议结束。活学活用
(1)In 1938, Hitler ________ war against Poland, which started the Second World War.
A．declared B．announced
C．broadcast D．advertised
答案：A 本题考查词义辨析。declare war on/upon“对……宣战”；announce“宣布”，broadcast“广播”；advertise“做广告”。句意为“1938年，希特勒向波兰宣战，从而引发了第二次世界大战”。故A项符合句意。(2)We have time and time again ________ that we will never be the first to use nuclear weapons.
A．declared B．announced
C．defended D．exclaimed
答案：A 本题考查动词词义辨析。declare“在庄严场合郑重宣布，发表声明”；announce“将大家感兴趣的事公布于众，诸如消息或新闻等”；defend“防卫，保护”；exclaim“(因愤怒、高兴等)呼喊，惊叫”。句意为“我们一再声称我们决不首先使用核武器”。由此可知，A项正确。11．envy vt. & n．忌妒；羡慕
①I envy you your success. 我羡慕你的成功。
②I envy you having such a happy family.
我羡慕你有一个这么幸福的家庭。
③The children of the celebrities have long been the envy of children from ordinary families in China.
在中国，名人的孩子一直是来自普通家庭的孩子的羡慕对象。知识拓展
envy sb.忌妒或羡慕某人
envy at/of sth.忌妒或羡慕某事
the envy of sb.令人忌妒或羡慕的事物
out of envy出于忌妒
envious adj.羡慕的；忌妒的
be envious of sb./sth.满怀忌妒的，表现出或表示忌妒或羡慕的活学活用
(1)The Smiths bought a new flat, which was the______of their friends.
A．envy B．admire
C．respect D．pride
答案：A 本题考查名词词义辨析。envy“忌妒，羡慕”；admire是动词“钦佩，羡慕”；respect“尊敬”；pride“骄傲”。句意为“史密斯夫妇买了套新公寓，这让朋友们很是羡慕。”因此A项符合题意。
(2)补全句子
①他用羡慕的眼光看着邻居的新车。
He looked ________ ________ at his neighbour's new car.
②祝贺你考出了好成绩！我羡慕你的成功。
Congratulations on your exam results! I ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：①with envy ②envy you your success.1.test out 试验；考验
①The new product had been tested out before it was put into market.
这种新产品经过试验后才进入市场。
②The university students will test out the computer program for any bugs.
大学生们将对电脑程序进行彻底检验，看有没有故障。
比较网站
(1)test sb. on sth.在……方面测试某人
test sth. on sb./sth.在……身上试验……
test sb. for sth.为某事检查某人
(2)take a test in/for参加……考试/测试
活学活用
(1)补全句子
①长跑比赛考验了跑步者的耐力。
The long race ________ ________ the runners' endurance.
②我奶奶上周接受了心脏病检查。
My grandma ________ ________ ________ heart disease last week.
答案：①test out ②was tested for
(2)将下列句子译成英语
①科学家靠实验检验理论。
______________________________________________
②这种新机器尚未经过充分检验。
______________________________________________
答案：①Scientists test out theories by experiment.
②This new kind of machine hasn't been fully tested out.2．ring up(给……)打电话
She rang up yesterday to make an appointment with our manager.
昨天她打电话与我们经理进行了预约。提示：ring up中的up是副词，接人称代词作宾语时，人称代词要放在ring和up之间，接名词作宾语时，名词既可放在ring和up之间，也可放在ring up之后。
Could you ring me up here as soon as he arrives?
他一到你就给我打电话好吗？知识拓展
与打电话有关的短语有：
call sb.(up)/phone sb./telephone sb.打电话给某人
give sb. a ring/phone/call打电话给某人
make a telephone call to sb.打电话给某人
ring back回电话给(某人)
ring off放下电话，挂断电话
ring off＝hang up挂断电话
hold on＝hang on别挂断电话
活学活用
(1)I will ________ as soon as they arrive.
A．ring up you B．ring up to you
C．call up you D．call you up
答案：D ring up和call up都可表示给某人打电话，但当代词作宾语时，代词则只能放在动词和副词之间。
(2)I was about to ________ the phone when it was ________.
A．reply; rung off B．receive; rung up
C．answer; rung off D．answer; rung back
答案：C “接电话”应为answer the phone；ring sb. up“给某人打电话”；ring sb. back“给某人回电话”；ring off“挂断电话”。句意为“我正要去接电话时电话被挂断了”。由此可知C项正确。
3．turn around转向；回转；转身
①He turned around to find a policeman looking at him.
他一转身发现一个警察在看他。
②Though the situation looks gloomy it will eventually turn round.
尽管形势看起来不好，但最终会好转的。知识拓展
turn down调低；拒绝
turn up开大；调大；出现
turn in上交；交还
turn out结果是；证明；生产；出现；在场
turn to求助于；翻到(某页)；致力于
turn away把……打发走
turn over翻过来；翻转
We invited her to the party, but she didn't turn up.
我们邀请她参加聚会，但她没出现。
She turned over and went to sleep again. Then her mother turned around to turn down the TV.
她翻了一下身又睡着了。她母亲转身把电视音量调小了。活学活用
(1)—You look upset. What's the matter?
—I had my proposal ________ again.
A．turned over B．turned on
C．turned off D．turned down
答案：D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：——“你看起来很沮丧，出什么事了？”——“我的提议又被拒绝了。”turn down“拒绝”，符合句意。turn over“翻转”；turn on“打开”；turn off“关掉”，均与句意不符。(2)用turn的相关短语和适当形式填空
①Please________the computer after you use it.
②She________the radio and listened to the programme.
③Could you please________the TV a little? It's too noisy.
④The weather report says it will________cold tomorrow.
⑤As he broke the rule of the factory, he was________.
⑥We can________our teacher for advice.
答案：①turn off ②turned on ③turn down ④turn out ⑤turned away ⑥turn to4．leave alone不管；不惹；让……一个人待着，让……单独在一起
①Please leave the fragile objects alone!
请不要动那些易碎物品！
②It's not your problem; why don't you leave it alone?
这不是你的问题，你何必去管它呢？
③Leave me alone！Go away!
别打扰我！走开！
知识拓展
(1)let sb. alone不打扰
let/leave sth. alone不碰；不移动
(2)leave behind留下；遗忘；把……抛在后面
leave out遗漏；省去；不考虑
leave sth. as it is听任某事自由发展
leave for动身到
leave off停止(做某事)If you don't study hard, you'll soon be left behind.
你若不用功学，很快就会被落下。
He left out a word in this sentence.
他在这个句子里漏掉了一个单词。
Last period we left off at the end of Unit 1.
上一节课我们在第一单元的结尾处停下的。
注意：let alone更不用说
There isn't enough space for us, let alone our children.
连我们都没足够的地方，更不用说我们的孩子了。活学活用
(1)用适当的介词或副词填空
①A ship full of Chinese will soon leave ________ Canada.
②Some dogs are very unhappy when they are left ________ somewhere for a long time.
③The Chinese teacher asked her to leave ________ the unnecessary words and sentences.
答案：①for ②alone ③out(2)—How did it feel to run 3000 meters at the sports meet?
—Terrible! Especially when I saw I was left so far ________by the others.
A．alone B．behind
C．over D．out
答案：B 本题考查短语辨析。leave alone“不管，别动”；leave behind“超过”；leave over“剩下”；leave out“省去；遗漏”。答句句意为“——太糟糕了！尤其是我看到自己被别人落了那么远！”因此B项符合句意。(3)He won't help us even if we are good friends，______， we treated him badly before.
A．let alone B．leave alone
C．leave out D．leave off
答案：A 本题考查动词短语辨析。let alone“更不用说”；leave alone“不管，不理会”；leave out“省去，遗漏”；leave off“中断”。句意为“即使我们是好朋友他也不会帮助我们，更不用说我们以前对他也不好”。由此可知，此处A项符合句意。1.Claire didn't want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.
克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里，特别是在她丈夫离家三周的这个期间。但是克莱尔被拉里说服了，他说，机器人不会伤害她，也不会让别人来伤害她。(1)but连接两个并列分句。在第一个并列分句中，含有一个as引导的时间状语从句；在第二个分句中，含有一个that引导的宾语从句。to be harmed是不定式的被动形式，作宾语补足语。
(2)句中persuade是及物动词，意为“说服，劝服，使相信”。persuade的主要用法有：
①persuade sb.(not)to do sth.劝服某人(不)做某事
I finally managed to persuade her to go out for a drink with me.
我最后终于想法子说服她跟我一起出去喝一杯了。②persuade sb. into(out of)doing sth.劝服某人(不)做某事
I have persuaded her into accepting my idea.
我已劝服她接受我的意见。
③persuade sb. that使某人相信……，劝服某人……
It will be difficult to persuade them that there is no other choice.
很难让他们相信(他们)别无选择。
④persuade sb. of sth.使某人相信某事
How can I persuade you of my sincerity?
我怎样才能让你相信我的诚意呢？
提示：注意persuade与advise的区别：
persuade指成功“劝服”了某人做某事，advise只用来指“建议”某人做某事。表示“劝而未服”通常用try to persuade或advise。如：
I tried to persuade him to stop smoking but he would not listen.
＝I advised him to stop smoking but he would not listen.
我设法说服他戒烟但是他不听。活学活用
(1)—Coach, can I continue with the training?
—Sorry, you can't ________ you haven't recovered from the knee injury.
A．until B．before
C．as D．unless
答案：C 本题考查状语从句。句意：——“教练，我能继续训练吗？”——“很抱歉，你不可以，因为你的膝盖受伤还没有恢复过来。”until“直到……才……”；before“在……之前”；as“因为，随着，正如”；unless“除非”。
(2)Alice trusts you; only you can________her to give up the foolish idea.
A．suggest B．attract
C．tempt D．persuade
答案：D 句意为“唯有你能说服她放弃这种愚蠢的想法”，persuade sb. to do sth.表示“说服某人做某事”，答案选D项。2．His name was Tony and he seemed more like a human than a machine.
机器人名叫托尼，看上去更像一个人，而不像台机器。
在more...than...中，肯定“more”后面的内容而否定“than”后面的内容，相当于“是……而不是……”。如：
The hat is more green than blue.
这顶帽子是绿色而不是蓝色。
The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar book.
与其说这是本语法书还不如说是一本字典。
①Peace is much more than the absence of war.
和平不仅仅意味着没有战争。
②You are no more careful than he is.
你和他一样不仔细。
③Tom is not more diligent than Mary.
汤姆不如玛丽勤奋。活学活用
(1)—Anne acts quite unfriendly.
—I think she is ________unfriendly.
A．more shy than B．shyer than
C．more shyer than D．shy more than
答案：A more...than...“与其说……倒不如说……”。对同一人或物的两种不同性质进行比较时，不论该词是单音节还是多音节词，一律用“more...than...”形式。因此B项不正确。而C和D项表达有误，故选A项。第二句句意为“我认为安妮与其说是不友好，不如说是害羞”。
(2)将下列句子译成英语
见到你我不仅仅是高兴。与其说是高兴还不如说是兴奋。
______________________________________________
答案：I was more than happy to see you. I felt more excited than happy.3．It was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.
机器人如此通人性，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。
该句是复合句。it是形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。
①It was clear that they had no desire for peace.
很明显他们没有对和平的渴望。
②It seems that Lao Wu's idea is more practical.
看起来老吴的意见更实际一些。
③It happened that I wasn't there that day.
恰巧那天我不在那里。知识拓展
it作形式主语的常见结构如下：
(1)It's a pity/a shame/good news/an honour/a good thing that...
(2)It's strange/natural/surprising/true/funny/wonderful/likely/possible that...
(3)It seems/happened/suddenly struck me that...
(4)It is said/reported/announced/expected/arranged that...
(5)It is doubtful/not decided/ not made clear/to be decided/a question＋连接代词或连接副词引导的从句
(6)It doesn't matter/doesn't make too much difference＋连接代词或连接副词引导的从句活学活用
(1)It is obvious to the students________they should get well prepared for their future.
A．as B．which
C．whether D．that
答案：D 空格处应是一个主语从句的引导词，因该主语从句不缺成分，且句意完整，故应用不作任何成分的连词that来引导。it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。
(2)It was never clear________the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.
A．that B．how
C．when D．why
答案：D 考查主语从句。这里的it是形式主语，真正的主语是“________the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.”根据句意，原句要表达的是“为什么这个人没有立马报案这件事还未查明”。所以正确答案为D项。
4．She wasn't like Gladys Claffern, one of the richest and most powerful women around.
她跟格拉迪丝·克拉芬不一样，格拉迪丝是一个远近闻名的有钱有势的女人。
本句中one of the richest and most powerful women around是Gladys Claffern的同位语。同位语是用来对名词(或代词)作进一步解释的，它可以是单词、短语或从句。①Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.
我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。
②He himself told me that his brother John was a world-famous doctor.
他本人对我讲他的兄长约翰是一位世界闻名的医生。
③He always works hard even if he knows the fact that he is not in good health.
他总是努力工作，尽管他知道他身体不好这个事实。
提示：要注意名词(或代词)与它的同位语分隔的现象。如：
The thought came to me that I would invite him to McDonald's.
当时我产生一个念头，即我要请他吃麦当劳。
(同位语从句that I would invite him to McDonald's与the thought被came to me分隔。翻译时，可加上“即”或用冒号、破折号。)活学活用
(1)(2013·浙江·16)The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ________ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.
A．how B．that
C．which D．whether
答案：B 本题考查同位语从句的引导词。句意：高层次的成功的唯一方法就是要相信在体育运动方面你比任何人都要强。分析结构可知，此处 belief后接了同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，用that引导，所以正确答案为B。
(2)I made a promise to myself ________ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.
A．whether B．what
C．that D．how
答案：C 本题考查同位语从句。句意：我自己许诺，今年，我在高中的第一年，会不同的。本从句是同位语从句，说明promise的内容。且从句中不缺少句子成分，故用连词that引导。5．As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.
她刚一转过身去，就看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那儿。
(1)本句中there stood Gladys Claffern是倒装句式，并且是全部倒闭。句子的主语是Gladys Claffern，谓语是stood，there作地点状语。正常语序应是“Gladys Claffern stood there”。
(2)当here，there，now，then，in，down，out，up，off，away等表示地点、时间和方位的副词位于句首，谓语动词是come，go，live，lie，stand等，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。其中谓语动词多用一般现在时或者一般过去时，而不能用进行时态，且当主语是代词时，不用倒装结构。
①There stands an old pine tree in front of our classroom.
我们教室前有一棵老松树。
②The door opened and in came Mr. Smith.
门开了，史密斯先生走了进来。活学活用
(1)Look！________.
A．Here your teacher comes
B．Comes here your teacher
C．Your teacher comes here
D．Here comes your teacher
答案：D 由here, there等作状语位于句首，谓语是come, go, rush, run等不及物动词，且主语是名词，主谓要全部倒装。
(2)汉译英
这儿有年轻人穿的外衣。
______________________________________________
答案：Here are coats for young people.6．It was then that Claire realized that Tony had opened the curtains of the front window.
也就在这时候，克莱尔才意识到托尼早就把前边窗户的窗帘拉开了。
本句结构为强调句式。其结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that(who)．..。强调部分可以是句子的主语、宾语、状语等。
It was Tom and Jack that(who)saw an interesting film in Binhai Cinema last night.
昨天晚上在滨海电影院看了一场有趣的电影的是汤姆和杰克。(强调主语)It was an interesting film that Tom and Jack saw in Binhai Cinema last night.
昨天晚上汤姆和杰克在滨海电影院看的是一场有趣的电影。(强调宾语)
It was last night that Tom and Jack saw an interesting film in Binhai Cinema.
汤姆和杰克是昨天晚上在滨海电影院看的一场有趣的电影。(强调状语)提示：
(1)该句式与It is...that句式中it作形式主语的句式有区别：
在强调句式中，如果把It is(was)．..that去掉，整个句子意思仍然非常完整，例如把上述例句中It was...that去掉后，句子变为：
Last night Tom and Jack saw an interesting film in Binhai Cinema.
昨天晚上汤姆和杰克在滨海电影院看了一场有趣的电影。
在It作形式主语的句式中，如果把It is (was)．..that去掉，剩下的部分就无法组成一个意义完整的句子。
(2)这个强调句式不能用来强调谓语动词。加强谓语动词的语气，只能靠语调或助动词，或另外一个句子来表示。例如，我们可以用助动词do来强调谓语动词，do须随时态变化而变化，通常用于一般现在时或一般过去时。
Tom and Jack did see an interesting film in Binhai Cinema last night.
昨晚，汤姆和杰克在滨海电影院的确看了一场有趣的电影。活学活用
(1)(2014·福建·29)It was the culture, rather than the language, ________made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
A．where B．why
C．that D．what
答案：C 考查强调句。根据还原法，去掉it was 和空格，剩余部分结构完整，由此可知，空格处应填that。句意为：市文化而不是语言使得他很难适应国外的环境。(2)(2013·重庆·27)It was with the help of the local guide ________ the mountain climber was rescued.
A．who B．that
C．when D．how
答案：B 本题考查强调句。句意：是在当地导游的帮助下登山者被救的。分析结构可知，此处是强调句，强调的是句子的状语with the help of the local guide；由强调句的基本句子结构“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that(强调人可以用who)＋其他”可知B项正确。
(3)判断正误(T/F)。
直到雨停了我才回家。
a．It was until the rain stopped that I didn't go home.( )
b．It was not until the rain stopped that I went home.( )
答案：a.F b．T7．But even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt—you cannot have women falling in love with machines.
但是，尽管托尼很聪明，他还得作一番改造——总不能让女人与机器相爱吧。
have sb. doing用在否定句中表示“不容许某人做某事”。
She won't have her child answering back rudely in public.
她不容许她的孩子在公共场合无理顶撞。知识拓展
have sb. do sth.让某人去做某事
have sb./sth. done使某人/某物被做；使某人/某物遭受到……
have sb. doing让某人持续做某事
I won't have you having the light burning all night long; you should have it turned off. Or I'll have you go out.
我不容许你让灯开一晚上，你应该把它关掉，否则我就让你出去。
活学活用
(1)用所给单词的适当形式填空
①You've had everyone ________(worry) about you.
②He had his leg ________(break) while playing basketball.
③I'm very busy now and you can have Tom ________(do) it.
④I have a lot of work ________(do) now.
答案：①worrying ②broken ③do ④to do
(2)The patient is seriously ill. Better have him ________on in no time.
A．operate B．to operate
C．operating D．operated
答案：D 本题考查have的用法。have sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”；have sb. doing“让某人持续做某事”；have sb. done“遭遇到某事”。句意为“这个病人病得很严重，最好立刻给他动手术”。此句中him与operate为被动关系。故D项正确。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The musician is________(伴奏)the singer at the piano.
2．Before answering the questions, you'd better________(浏览)all of them.
3．The Premier is busy dealing with important________(事务)of state.
4．She________(宣布)that she would not take drugs any longer.5．Her classmates________(羡慕)her good luck.
6．Although it is a ________(小说), it is based on fact.
7．Liz earned a ￡1,000 ________(奖金) for being the best salesperson of the year.
8．I have a lot of ________(同情) for her; she has to bring up the children on her own.
9．All the dancers looked so ________(优雅的) as they moved slowly on the stage.
10．He walked in and saw her sitting on the floor, ________(堆积) books into a box.
答案：1.accompanying 2.scan 3.affairs 4.declared 5.envy 6.fiction 7.bonus 8.sympathy 9.elegant
10．pilingⅡ.选词填空
ring up，reach for，test out，let sb. alone，or rather， turn around
1．I ________ the salt, but knocked over a bottle of wine.
2．He is often in a temper so ________ him ________.
3．He went home very late last night, ________， in the early hours this morning.
4．Some women especially enjoy passengers ________ to see them.
5．My classmate ________ me ________ saying that the school football team had had three victories this month against other schools.
6．After Boeing(波音公司) had the plane built, it was ________ thoroughly.
答案：1.reached for 2.let; alone 3.or rather 4.turning around 5.rang; up 6.tested outⅢ.用适当的介、副词填空
1．Don't ring ________； I haven't finished my story.
2．Please turn the sentence ________ English.
3．I really expected him to turn ________ on time.
4．I'm sure things will turn ________ all right.
5．Hundreds of people have to be turned ________ from the stadium.
6．The bus had to back up and turn ________.
答案：1.off 2.into 3.up 4.out 5.away 6.aroundUnit 2 Section Ⅱ
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．This is the book that I will give Tom tomorrow.
This is the book________Tom tomorrow.
2．She is too weak. You shouldn't make her study tonight.
She is too weak________tonight.
3．People say that this team will finish the work next month.
The work is said________next month.
4．He pretended that the policeman mistook him for a thief.
He pretended________a thief.
5．I don't expect that I shall be disturbed while I'm sleeping.
I don't expect________while I'm sleeping.
答案：1.to be given to 2.to be made to study 3.to be finished 4.to be mistaken for 5.to be disturbed
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．We ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ______(不被允许使用电脑)without permission.
2．It is very terrible________ ________ ________ ________(被人嘲笑)．
3．He expected________ __________ ________ ________ ________ ________(能被邀请参加聚会)．
4．The book is said________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(已译成了英语)．
5．I'm going back to Beijing tomorrow. Do you have anything ________ ________ ________ ________(要我带回家)?
6．Are you going to the meeting______ ________ ________ ________ ________(今天下午举行的)?
7．We still have many difficulties________ ________(要克服)．
8．It is an honor for me__________ __________ ________ ________ ________ ________(被邀请在这儿讲话)．
答案：1.are not allowed to use the computer
2．to be laughed at
3．to be invited to the party
4．to have been translated into English
5．to be taken home
6．to be held this afternoon
7．to overcome
8．to be invited to speak here
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．He rushed out of the room, ________ that he knew nothing about it.
A．stated B．stating
C．to state D．having stated
答案：B 考查现在分词作状语。stating...此处为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
2．You'd better ________ some time each day to write, even if it is only a few minutes.
A．set aside B．set back
C．set down D．set up
答案：A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：你最好每天抽出点时间写写，即使仅有几分钟也可以。set aside“节省或保留”符合句意。set back“使倒退；拨回”；set down“记下”；set up“建立，成交”。
3．Many applicants stood outside the manager's office, nervously waiting ________ for the job.
A．to choose B．being chosen
C．choosing D．to be chosen
答案：D 考查不定式的被动式。句意：许多工作申请者站在经理办公室的外面，紧张地等待着结果。people和choose之间是被动关系，wait后面要跟不定式，故用不定式的被动式，选D。
4．I am going to Shanghai. Do you have anything ________ to your parents?
A．to take B．taken
C．taking D．to be taken
答案：D 考查不定式的被动式。句意：我打算去上海，你有东西要我捎给你父母吗？不定式作后置定语，由于逻辑主语不是句子的主语，故用不定式的被动式。
5．The chair looks rather hard, but in fact, it is very comfortable to ________.
A．sit B．sit on
C．be sat D．be sat on
答案：B 后一分句为：sth.＋be＋形容词＋to do句型，sit是不及物动词，后加介词on后构成不定式短语，主语it是介词on的逻辑宾语。
6．My grandpa doesn't like ________ as an old man.
A．to treat B．to treating
C．to be treated D．treat
答案：C 句子主语my grandpa是动词treat的承受者，故选择C项。
7．With a lot of problems ________， the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A．settled B．settling
C．to settle D．being settled
答案：C 考查with的复合结构。句意：由于有许多问题要解决，这个新上任的总统正经历一段困难时期。由于问题还没有解决，故用不定式表示动作还没有发生。
8．It seems________now, because I can see all the people in the street are holding umbrellas.
A．to rain B．to be raining
C．to raining D．be raining
答案：B 用不定式的进行时是因为句中说的是现在正在发生的情景，这一点从now和are holding都可以体会出来。
9．I'm sorry________to buy you the book. I'll remember to next time.
A．to forget B．to have forgotten
C．forgot D．forget
答案：B “抱歉”是现在，“忘记买书”是在这之前，故用不定式的完成式。
10．The day just before the final examinations, some naughty students did nothing except________all day long.
A．played B．playing
C．play D．to play
答案：C except前面由于有了do的过去式did，所以选C。
Ⅳ.完形填空
A library is a place to find out about almost anything. In it there are mostly __1__， but there are also pictures，papers, magazines, maps, records, special science and art shows, films, plays, and contests may also be __2__ in a library.
__3__， a library only had books, and these were difficult to get.There were __4__ books that no one was __5__ to take them out of the library. After the printing machine was invented，books could be made __6__ and libraries got more books.
To borrow a book to be __7__ home today, a person just needs a library card. The person goes to the main desk to __8__ a library helper check the book out. The helper prints the card with the date by which the book __9__ be returned to the library. If the book is returned __10__， the person must usually __11__ money for having broken the __12__.
Books in a library are put into a certain __13__ to help people find __14__ they want. In some libraries, all books __15__ animals might be placed together. In __16__ libraries, all books __17__ by the same person may be placed together. Cabinets (柜) of cards list each book and __18__ where it can be found.
People who live in the country may have trouble __19__ to a library building. For these people, there are libraries on wheels that __20__ from place to place.
1．A.books B．letters
C．articles D．dictionaries
答案：A 根据上下文可知这里是说图书馆里大多是书(books)。
2．A.asked B．heard
C．brought D．held
答案：D hold a contest“举办竞赛”，固定搭配。
3．A.Before long B．Long ago
C．Long before D．Long after
答案：B 根据本段主体时态可知“很久以前(Long ago)”。
4．A.a few B．so few
C．so much D．such many
答案：B 根据语境可知，过去图书馆内的书非常少，考查so... that结构。
5．A.moved B．refused
C．allowed D．borrowed
答案：C 所以“不允许(allowed)”将它们带出图书馆。
6．A.thicker B．slower
C．faster D．thinner
答案：C 印刷机器发明之后，出书的速度快了。
7．A.fetched B．picked
C．moved D．taken
答案：D 现在把书借回家，只需要有借书证就可以了。fetch“去取”；pick“采；摘”；move“移动”；take“带走”。选项D符合语境。
8．A.want B．invite
C．require D．have
答案：D have sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，符合语境和语法规则。
9．A.must B．may
C．would D．can
答案：A 表规定、命令应用must。
10．A.soon B．immediately
C．lately D．late
答案：D 根据上下文可知这里是说如果还书晚了(late)的情况。
11．A.get B．make
C．pay D．cost
答案：C 借书人通常必须要为没有遵守规定而被“罚款(pay money)”。
12．A.magazine B．rule
C．book D．window
答案：B 遵守“规定(rule)”，符合语境。
13．A.desk B．shop
C．order D．test
答案：C 图书馆的书都是按照一定的“顺序(order)”摆放。
14．A.it B．that
C．which D．what
答案：D 这样有助于人们找到自己想要的书籍(what)。what引导宾语从句，此处what相当于the book that。
15．A.about B．in
C．for D．among
答案：A 有关(about)动物的书籍摆放在一起。
16．A.all B．any
C．another D．other
答案：D 根据上一句In some libraries，可知应选other。
17．A.written B．brought
C．lent D．discovered
答案：A 由同一人写的(written)书籍摆放在一起。
18．A.believe B．tell
C．think D．understand
答案：B 书柜上的卡片可以告诉人们每本书摆放在哪里。
19．A.turning B．reaching
C．arriving D．getting
答案：D 对于住在乡下的人来说，可能“到(get to)”图书馆不是那么方便，所以出现了能移动的图书馆。
20．A.pull B．drive
C．travel D．wander
答案：C 解析见上题。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Men take more risks. In studies, men as a whole display less cautious behaviour than women, such as driving at higher speeds and closer to other cars, not wearing seat belts, and driving while drunk more often. They even make riskier turns and take less time when parking (although they do a more accurate job, says Tom Vanderbilt, author of Traffic: Why We Drive the Way We Do and What It Says about Us)．
BUT...how someone drives doesn't necessarily equal how well he drives. Men do seem to be better at certain driving tasks than women. However, this slight edge(优势) in ability doesn't translate into better driving records. The kinds of accidents men get into are generally the result of their riskier behaviour. According to one study, men are more than three times as likely to be ticketed for “aggressive driving” than women, and more than 25 percent as likely to be at fault in an accident.
Perception (观念) is a powerful thing. In spite of the research, it is still difficult to determine whether men are truly innately (天生地) better drivers than women or if they're simply more confident in their driving because they're considered to be better, and thus show better skills. Similarly, the perception that women are weaker drivers may negatively affect their performance behind the wheel.
Women are catching up... which isn't necessarily good news. Men may be responsible for more accidents than women, but the gap is getting smaller. Today, more women drive (and drive more) than ever before, which has the unfortunate consequence of an increase in speeding, aggressive driving, and so on.
1．The text is most probably taken from ________.
A．a book review B．a library guide
C．a driving guidebook D．a newspaper report
答案：D 推理判断题。本文通过客观事实对比分析了男司机是否天生就比女司机开车熟练，是一则新闻报道。
2．The author develops the first paragraph mainly by ________.
A．making comparisons
B．giving examples
C．analyzing reasons and results
D．following the order of importance
答案：B 写作手法题。本文第一段列举了男人在开车时的一些冒险行为，如：超速行驶、不系安全带、醉驾等。
3．What can we learn from the text?
A．Women should be responsible for most accidents.
B．Men cause accidents mainly because they are careless.
C．Tom Vanderbilt believes that women can park more accurately than men.
D．The author doubts whether men are born to be better drivers than women.
答案：D 事实细节题。通读第三段，可知选D。
课件56张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 选修7 （通用本）RobotsUnit 2 Section Ⅱ
Learning about Language1.1.1 集合的概念Unit 2Ⅰ.词汇过关
1．________n．喜爱；感情→________v．影响
2．________v．陈述；说明→________n．状态
Ⅱ.短语自查
1．将……放到一边____________
2．从那时起____________
3．除……之外(还)，也；和____________affectionaffectstatestateset asidefrom then onas well as
Ⅲ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．It's a great honour ________________(invite) to attend your wedding party.
2．The next thing ________________(do) is to clean the classroom.
3．The novel is said ________________(translate) into English.4．I find the problem is very difficult ____________(solve)．
5．The teacher left us a lot of homework ___________(do)．
6．“Are there any more clothes ______________(wash)？” asked mum.
7．The little boy should love ________________(take) to visit the Great Wall.
8．Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the students, but it remains ________________(see) whether they will enjoy it.
9．The emperor ordered the magic cloth ___________(weave) for him right away.
10．His father left the small village, never ____________(see) again.
答案：1.to be invited 2.to be done 3.to have been translated 4.to solve 5.to do 6.to be washed 7.to be taken 8.to be seen 9.to be woven 10.to be seen1.state vt.陈述 n．状况；形态；国家
①He stated his view on the subject.
他陈述了他对该问题的看法。
②The witness stated that she had never seen Mr. Smith.
证人宣称她从未见过史密斯先生。
③There are fears for the state of the country's economy.
人们对国家的经济状况很担心。
知识拓展
statement n．[C]陈述；声明
A government spokesperson made a statement to the press.
政府发言人向新闻界发表了一份声明。活学活用
The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly________.
A．atmosphere B．state
C．situation D．phenomenon
答案：A 句意为：这两个国家的高层领导人在友好的氛围中进行会谈。atmosphere“氛围，气氛”；state“(人或物本身所处的)状态”；situation“处境”；phenomenon“现象”。2．affection n．喜爱；爱；感情
①I have an affection for my children.
我爱我的孩子们。
②I feel great affection for her, but she never shows any affection towards me.
我对她怀着强烈的爱，但她从未对我表示过任何爱意。
③There is no affection between them.
他们之间毫无感情。知识拓展
affect v．影响
affectionate adj.表示关爱的
set one's affections on/upon sb.钟爱某人
have an affection for/towards sb.喜欢某人
提示：表示“对……的爱与喜欢”的表达方式还有：
have a taste for爱好……
have an appetite for对……有胃口；喜欢……
have a love for喜爱……
have a tendency for趋向于……
have a preference for偏爱……
活学活用
翻译句子
(1)As we all know, everyone in the world has a need for affection.
______________________________________________
答案：我们大家都知道，每个人都有对感情的需要。(2)她难以表现出关爱之情。
______________________________________________
答案：She has difficulty showing affection.
(3)He obviously has a great affection for Hong Kong and its people.
______________________________________________
答案：很显然，他非常喜爱香港和那里的人们。1.set asid将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)；暂时不考虑
①She tries to set aside some money every month.
她每个月都尽量存点钱。
②The boss set all the workers' suggestions aside.
老板对工人们的所有建议都置之不理。知识拓展
set aside留出；匀出；忽视；同义词组为lay up。
set back推迟，延缓，阻碍；把(钟表)指针往回拨
set about(doing)sth.＝set out to do sth.开始做，着手处理
set out出发，开始(to do)
set down放下，搁下；记下，写下
set up建立(事业)，成立(组织)
set off出发；使开始做；使爆炸
set sth. on fire使着火活学活用
(1)(2013·湖北·26)In much of the animal world, night is the time ________ for sleep—pure and simple.
A．set aside B．set down
C．set off D．set up
答案：A 根据句意：在动物界，夜晚就是留出来睡觉的——单纯、简单。set aside“留出来”；set down“记下，写下”；set off“出发，动身”；set up“成立，建立”。可知A正确。(2)You had better ________ some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.
A. set aside B. take up
C. put away D. give out
答案：A 本题考查短语动词的用法。句意：你最好每天留出点时间来进行体育锻炼，以便你保持精力充沛。set aside“把……放置一旁， 不理会 ；取消， 驳回 ；留出”；take up“拿起； 抱起 ；占去 ；接受(提议)；继续”；put away“收起来， 放好；储存；关押；打消， 放弃， 抛弃”；give out“分发； 散发 ；公布； 宣布 ；耗尽； 用完 ；停止起作用 ；停止运行；停止运转”。根据句意A项正确。(3)用set短语的适当形式填空
①She________her book and lit a cigarette.
②Why don't you________your ideas________on paper?
③Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could be________them________.
④Police________road-blocks on routes leading out of the city.
⑤She________doing her housework after lunch.
答案：①set aside ②set; down ③set; off ④set up
⑤set about1.Historical research shows that in the 22nd century many people told stories about how, at one time, people could buy robots as house decorators.
历史研究表明在22世纪许多人讲到人们曾买机器人作为家庭装修工的情况。
句中that引导一个宾语从句；many people told stories about后面有一个how引导的宾语从句。
在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只具有引导作用，并无具体意义，而且不在句中充当成分，因此在口语或非正式文体中常可省略，省略之后对原句并无影响。如：
She said (that) she couldn't go with him because she had a lot to do that night.
她说因为那天晚上她有很多事情要做，所以不能和他一起去了。提示：在下列情况下，引导宾语从句的that最好不要省略：
(1)主从句之间有插入语时。如：
It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays.
卡片上写着，它过去是演戏用的。
(2)若出现两个或两个以上的that宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连接词that可以省去，其余需保留。如：
Linda said (that) she would go to meet Tom in person and that she wouldn't tell anyone about the appointment.
琳达说她会亲自去见汤姆，并且不会告诉任何人这次约会的事情。活学活用
(1)—I believe______you've done your best and________things will improve.
—Thank you.
A．that; / B．/; that
C．what; what D．/; /
答案：B that引导多个宾语从句时，第一个连接词that可以省去，其余需保留。
(2)Having checked the doors were closed, and________all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.
A．why B．that
C．when D．where
答案：B 句意为：确保门关上了，且所有的灯都关上了之后，那个男孩打开门进了他的卧室。checked后跟了两个宾语从句，第一个从句的引导词that省略了。2．She planned to write a few every afternoon because from then on until Christmas her time would be organized into shopping, cooking as well as writing the cards.
她计划每天下午都写几张卡片。因为从那时起直到圣诞节，她的时间都安排在了购物、做饭和写卡片上。
本句是一个主从复合句，含有because引导的原因状语从句；from then on until Christmas在从句中充当状语，shopping, cooking, writing the cards为并列宾语。as well as意为“除……之外(还)，也，和”。from then on表示“从那以后”“从那时起”；它是一个固定短语，用作时间状语。如：
From then on, he never spoke to me.
从那时起，他没有同我说过话。
From then on, no one killed a seagull.
从那以后，没有人捕杀海鸥了。
from now on表示“从今以后”，也是一个用作时间状语的固定短语。如：
From now on, I will do morning exercises every day.
从今以后，我每天都要做早操。活学活用
翻译句子
从那时开始，他先在一家汽车厂工作，然后在一家钢厂任工程师，当时那是一家最大的钢厂，后来又到了一家生产电脑的公司任总裁。
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
答案：From then on, he first worked in a car factory, then as an engineer in a steel factory, which was the biggest one at that time and later as president of a company producing computers.被动语态和动词不定式的被动形式
英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。汉语中常用“被”“给”“由”“受”等词来表示被动，而英语中由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。Ⅰ.各种时态的被动结构
一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时和过去完成时的被动结构是考查重点。被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其变化形式与系动词be的完全一样。以do为例：
Everyone's pay will be increased next year by 5%.
明年每人的工资将增加五个百分点。
It was the first time that I had been criticized in public.
那是我第一次在公众场合挨批。
The work will have been finished by the end of next month.
到下月底前这项工作将会完成。
The house is quite old. It was built in 1950.
这座房子很古老了。它是1950年建造的。典题赏析
(1)(2014·天津·11)We won't start the work until all the preparations ________.
A．are being made B．will be made
C．have been made D．had been made
答案：C 考查时态和语态。句意：直到一切准备就绪，我们才开始工作。until从句中要么用现在完成时表示动作的完成要么用一般现在时表将来。the preparations 与make之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故选C项。
(2)(2013·辽宁·30)We are confident that the environment ________ by our further efforts to reduce pollution.
A．had been improved B．will be improved
C．is improved D．was improved
答案：B 考查时态和语态的用法。句意：我们很自信，通过我们进一步的努力来减少污染环境将会得到改善。由句意可知，应该用一般将来时的被动语态，故B项为正确答案。
(3)(2013·北京·23)Shakespeare's play Hamlet ________ into at least ten different films over the past years.
A．had been made B．was made
C．has been made D．would be made
答案：C 本题考查动词时态语态。句意：莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》在近几年来已经被拍成了至少10部不同的电影。由时间状语over the past years可知本句要用现在完成时态，故正确答案为C项。Ⅱ.主动语态表被动意义
1．有些动词如read, write, clean, wash, iron, burn, draw, cook, keep, cut, open, blow, peel, sell, act等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，常和副词well, easily, smoothly等连用，且通常用主动结构表示被动含义。这些动词的主语一般是表物的词，且这些物往往具有某种内在的特点，这些句子的时态多用一般现在时或一般将来时。例如：
This pen writes smoothly.
这笔写起来很流畅。
The cloth washes well.
这种布料耐洗。2．动词need, require, want, be worth后加v.-ing的主动结构表被动意义。
My watch can't work; it needs repairing.
我的手表不能用了，需要修了。
This film is really worth seeing.
这部电影的确值得看。
Ⅲ.不用于被动语态的情形
1．不及物动词(短语)如appear, happen, remain, take place, come about, break out, come true等没有被动语态。
A fire broke out during the night.
夜间发生了火灾。Ⅳ.动词不定式的被动形式和用法
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。不定式的被动式可分为一般时和完成时。
一般时：to be done表示动词不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生。
完成时：to have been done表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前。
He didn't expect the book to be received so well.
他没想到这本书会受到如此热烈的欢迎。
I'm pleased to have been given this opportunity.
给了我这次机会我很高兴。典题赏析
(4)(2014·北京·28)There are still many problems ________ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
A．solving B．solved
C．being solved D．to be solved
答案：D 考查非谓语动词的用法。根据主语problems和solve之间的逻辑关系可排除A项；再根据从句的内容可知，这些问题还没有得到解决，故应用不定式表示还未发生的动作。句意为：在准备好长期待在月球上之前我们还有许多问题需要解决。
Ⅴ.不定式的主动形式表被动意义
1．动词不定式放于名词或代词之后作定语，不定式和名词之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，同时又和句中另一名词或代词构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
Would you bring me a bench to sit on?
你给我拿个凳子来坐好吗？
典题赏析
(5)With the world changing fast, we have something new________with all by ourselves every day.
A．deal B．dealt
C．to deal D．dealing
答案：C deal with作代词something的后置定语与something构成逻辑上的动宾关系，同时又和句子的主语we构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故使用deal with的主动形式表被动意义。[点津]
如果动词不定式作后置定语，不定式和所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但其逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，则使用动词不定式的被动形式。
I'll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted?
我要去邮局。你有信要寄吗？
(post与主语you之间不存在主动关系，只和前面letter构成逻辑上的动宾关系。)2．在“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”句型中，形容词后跟不定式作状语，而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，常用不定式的主动形式表达被动含义。这样的形容词很多，常用的有：amusing, cheap, comfortable, dangerous, difficult, easy, fit, hard, important, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, funny, heavy, light等。
That question is difficult to answer.
那个问题不容易回答。典题赏析
(6)Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier ________ into small pieces.
A. break B. breaking
C. broken D. to break
答案：D 考查非谓语动词。句意为：汤姆问糖果制造商他们能否把巧克力制作得更易弄碎。该句中的形容词easier为宾语补足语，相当于表语的作用，其后应该使用不定式结构，类似于It is＋adj.＋to do...结构，故选择D项。3．在too...to...结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。
This book is too expensive(for me)to buy.
这本书太贵，我买不起。
4．在there be...句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动形式作定语重点在人，用被动形式作定语重点在物。比较：
There is a lot of work to do.(用to do可看成是for us to do)
There is a lot of work to be done.(用to be done“谁”做工作不明确)
5．be to blame常用主动表示被动。
Who is to blame for starting the fire?
谁应为放火受责备？
典题赏析
(7)Mr Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one ________.
A．blamed B．blaming
C．to blame D．to be blamed
答案：C to blame在句中作the one的定语。to blame为固定用法，用主动形式表达被动意义。句意为“格林先生站出来为那个16岁的男孩辩护，他说那个男孩不该受责备。”用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．Once environmental damage ________________(do), it takes many years for the system to recover.
2．I ________________(give) ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer just now.
3．My bike ________________(repair) now.
4．My homework ________________(finish) so I can play football now.5．The fire ________________(put out) before the firemen arrived.
6．A great many trees ________________(cut down) if they build a factory here.
7．It is an honour for me ________________(ask) to speak here.
8．Are you going to attend the meeting ________________(hold) in the teachers' office?
9．She asked ________________(send) to work in Xinjiang.
10．The books are not allowed ________________(take) out of the room.
答案：1.is done 2.was given 3.is being repaired 4.has been finished 5.had been put out 6.will be cut down 7.to be asked 8.to be held 9.to be sent 10.to be takenⅠ.用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1．I need at least five stamps before my collection________(complete)．
2．Most of the guests who________(invite)to the party were from New Zealand.
3．I don't know where the hotel is, but it________(say)to be the best one in the city.
4．When they got home they found that their house________(break into)and a lot of valuable things________(steal)．
5．My little sister should love________(take)to watch the movie 2012.
6．Could you please give me something________(eat)?
7．He was the last one________(ask)to speak at the meeting.
答案：1.is completed 2.were invited 3.is said 4.had been broken into; stolen 5.to be taken 6.to eat 7.to be askedⅡ.单句改错
1．We set about to clear up the mess.
______________________________________________
2．As is stating in the article above, the extreme climate changes have done great harm to the country.
______________________________________________
3．The children ought to take good care of in the nursery.
______________________________________________
4．The boy is to be blamed for his mistake.
______________________________________________
5．It's no use to argue with him.
______________________________________________
6．The party to hold next weekend is very important for her.
______________________________________________
答案：1.to clear→clearing 2.stating→stated 3.take→be taken 4.be blamed→blame 5.to argue→arguing 6.hold→be heldUnit 2 Section Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Dogs ________(服从) their owners because they want to stay close to them.
2．You've done so much work that you're ________(一定的) to pass the exam.
3．Most of the computers we are using are ________(数字的) computers.
4．There is a summary at the end of each ________(章节) to illustrate the author's point.
5．In a modern company, the manager should be accessible to his ________(职员)．
6．He is studying at a ________(初级的)middle school.
7．His report card can point up his ________(才能) for maths.
8．Jack ________(与……离婚) his wife after twenty five years of marriage.
9．The dog has transferred its ________(感情) to its new master.
10．There must be something wrong with the ________(电话听筒)—there are lots of noises in it.
答案：1.obey 2.bound 3.digital 4.chapter 5.staff 6.junior 7.talent 8.divorced 9.affection 10.receiver
Ⅱ.用所给短语的适当形式填空
in public set off carry out from then on be based on make comments on become infected with set aside in all,be bound to
1．He ________come, for he is always keep his word.
2．Don't________that kind of task which will do harm to others.
3．Recently many buildings in Afganistan have been________by terrorists.
4．I warned them not to do it, but my objection was ________.
5．The doctor happened to________HIV when operating on a patient.
6．We have 13 subjects to learn________.
7．His theory________the facts.
8．Though the girl was shy, her parents managed to make her speak________.
9．________she has performed in several films.
10．Don't________anything if you know nothing about it.
答案：1.is bound to 2.carry out 3.set off 4.set aside 5.become infected with 6.in all 7.is based on 8.in public 9.From then on 10.make comments on
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．He is famous not only for his ________ but also for his kindness.
A．clever B．bright
C．weak D．talent
答案：D 介词后跟名词，talent“天才；才艺”为名词，A、B、C三项都是形容词，故排除。
2．Children are ________ to meet with setbacks (挫折) as they grow up, so their parents don't have to worry about it.
A．possible B．due
C．necessary D．bound
答案：D 考查形容词辨析。英语中有些形容词不能用somebody作主语，比如possible，necessary，convenient等。be bound to do sth.意思是“必定会做……；一定会做……”。be due to do sth.“预定做某事”，不符合句意。
3．There I saw ten children ________， two of whom were from Class 3.
A．in all B．at all
C．for all D．above all
答案：A 考查all的短语。句意：在那里我总共看到了10个孩子，其中有两个是3班的。in all“总共”；at all“根本”；for all“尽管”；above all“最重要的是”。
4．—It's a really creative idea that a robot can do homework for us.
—________ Maybe it's best for us to do our homework by ourselves.
A．I couldn't agree more.
B．I don't think so.
C．You are right.
D．You are welcome.
答案：B 本题考查交际用语。句意：——“让机器人为我们做作业确实是一个创意。”——“我不这样认为。或许我们自己做作业才是最好的。”A项意为“我非常同意”；B项意为“我认为不是这样的”；C项意为“你是对的”；D项意为“不用谢”。
5．New computers are soon out of date since newer models are ________ constantly.
A．turned up B．turned out
C．turned down D．turned over
答案：B 句意：由于更新型的电脑不断地被生产出来，新电脑也很快就过时了。此题考查动词词组。turn up“出现”，不能用在被动语态中；turn out“生产，制造出来”；turn down“拒绝”；turn over“翻身，翻转”。故选B。
6．The weight of ________ machine will of course be determined by the sort of ________ metal used.
A．the；the B．/; the
C．/；/ D．the；/
答案：D 本题考查冠词的用法。句意：机器的重量当然由所使用的金属的种类来决定。machine是可数名词，表达类别时，其前通常加a或the；“the kind/sort/type＋of＋名词”结构中，名词前通常不用冠词，故选D。
7．I desire that the students ________ their composition in English regularly.
A．writes B．would write
C．wrote D．write
答案：D desire后的宾语从句中谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形”表示虚拟语气，所以应选D项。
8．—Would you please do me the ________ to phone my sister about the accident?
—With pleasure.
A．patience B. favour
C．reaction D．bond
答案：B 考查名词词义。句意为——“请你帮个忙，给我姐姐打电话告诉她这个事故好吗？”——“我很乐意”。favour意为“恩惠，喜爱”；do sb. the favour to do sth.“帮助某人做某事”；patience“耐性，忍耐”；reaction“反应，回应”；bond“联系，纽带”。
9．—Are you getting a new computer this week?
—You must be joking! I can't afford to pay my school fees，________ a new computer.
A．let alone B．leave alone
C．or rather D．other than
答案：A let alone意为“更不用说”。答句句意为“……我连学费都支付不起，更别说买新电脑了”。
10．If everyone offers ________ to the refugees in the war, they would suffer much less.
A．scholarship B．satisfaction
C．sympathy D．strength
答案：C 考查名词词义。句意为“如果每个人对战争中的难民都给予同情，他们将少受很多痛苦”。sympathy“同情(心)”，符合句意。satisfaction“满意，满足，令人满意的事物”；scholar-ship“奖学金”；strength“强项，长处”。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Claude Sammut, a professor of computer science and engineering at the University of New South Wales in Australia, said it would soon be possible for robots to defeat the stars of the future.
For many years, Mr Sammut has been a member of a project called RoboCup, where robots have been programmed to learn how to play football and compete against others in a football match.
As he explains, the robots are having difficulty in learning how to control the ball and move the ball on their own, but he is still full of confidence that one day in the future they will show the same skills as Wayne Rooney, who is one of the best football players in the world.
Mr Sammut also said，“In 1968, John McCarthy and Donald Michie made a bet with David Levy, who was then the chess champion in Scotland, that within 10 years a computer program would be able to beat him. It took a little bit longer than 10 years (nearly 30 years) but eventually such programs came into being.”
“In the same spirit of a grand challenge, RoboCup aims to develop a team of robots that can defeat the world soccer champion team by the year 2050. To achieve this, or come even closer to the ambition, the robots will have to be able to sense and act in completely unstructured environments. This will require major advances in perception(感知), decision making, learning, and cooperative behaviors. Considering robots are integrated hardware and software systems, great advances will also be needed in sensors (传感器) , energy storage, and materials.”
1．The RoboCup is aimed to develop robots that know how to ________.
A．play computer football games
B．play football and win in real matches
C．understand the rules of the football game
D．improve the skills of real football players
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段“...where robots have been programmed to learn how to play football and compete against others in a football match.”可知应选B。
2．What kind of difficulties are the robots facing in playing football?
A．They can't run as fast as real people.
B．They can't recognize their partners accurately.
C．They can't control the ball well by themselves.
D．They can't pass the ball to their partners.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第三段“...the robots are having difficulty in learning how to control the ball and move the ball on their own...”可知应选C。
3．The idea of designing a computer program that could defeat a chess champion came forth ________.
A．in 1968 B．in 1978
C．in the 1990s D．30 years ago
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第四段“In 1968，John McCarthy and Donald Michie made a bet with David Levy, who was then the chess champion in Scotland...”可知应选A。
4．What's the best title for this passage?
A．Scientists' Wisdom in Designing Robot Football Players
B．Robot Football Players to Beat the World's Best Team by 2050
C．Robot Football Players' Bright Future
D．Mr Sammut—the Father of Robot Football Players
答案：B 主旨大意题。文章主要讲的是机器人足球队在2050年可能会打败人类最好的足球队，故B项能体现文章的大意。
B
TOKYO—If you grow old in Japan, you may expect to be served food by a robot, ride a voice-recognition wheelchair or even possibly hire a nurse in a robotic suit—all examples of cutting-edge technology to care for the country's rapidly graying population.
With nearly 22 percent of Japan's population already aged 65 or older, businesses here have been rolling out everything from easy-entry cars to remotecontrolled beds, fueling a care-technology market worth some $1. 08 billion in 2006, according to industry figures.
At a home care and rehabilitation(恢复) convention in Tokyo this week, buyers crowded round a demonstration of Secom Co. 's My Spoon feeding robot, which helps elderly or disabled people eat with a spoon and a fitted swiveling(转动的) arm.
Operating a joystick (操纵杆) with his chin, developer Shigehisa Kobayashi maneuvered the arm toward a block of soft tofu, deftly (灵巧地) getting the fork to break off a piece. The arm then returned to a preprogrammed position in front of the mouth, allowing Kobayashi to bite and swallow.
“It's all about empowering people to help themselves，”Kobayashi said. The Tokyo-based company has already sold 300 of the robots，which come with a price tag of $ 3,500.“We want to give the elderly control over their own lives，”he said.
The rapidly aging population here has spurred a spate of concerns: a labour shortage, tax falls, financial difficulties in paying the health bills and pensions of large numbers of the elderly.
Moreover, a breakdown of family ties in recent years means a growing number of older Japanese are spending their golden years away from the care traditionally provided by children and grandchildren.
That's where cutting-edge technology steps in.
5．Shigehisa Kobayashi is the name of ________.
A．an elderly patient
B．a robot
C．the developer of the robot
D．the head of a company
答案：C 细节理解题。从文章第四段可知，这是机器人的研发者。
6．The underlined word “maneuvered” in the fourth paragraph probably means “________”．
A．moved skillfully B．turned carefully
C．lifted with effort D．fixed quickly
答案：A 词义猜测题。从第四段对这一机器人的描述可知，因为它是专门喂老年人和残疾人食物的机器人，因此机器臂要能转动自如才行。
7．My Spoon feeding robot is specially designed for ________.
A．those aged 55 or older
B．those who have difficulty in feeding themselves
C．those who have lost the ability of eating
D．those who can move their arms freely
答案：B 推理判断题。由第三段可知，这个机器人是为帮助吃饭有困难的人专门设计的。
8．With the special robots, the elderly in Japan can ________.
A．put their lives under the control of the robots
B．help themselves
C．save a lot of money for the government
D．have their medical bills reduced
答案：B 推理判断题。文章倒数第四段有说明“It's all about empowering people to help themselves...”。
选 做 题
Ⅰ.短文改错
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个沟(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正；
此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(/)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词。并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改
More and more foreigners like to come to China .
Last Friday our school invited the foreign teacher 1.________
in our city to give a class to the students of Senior Grade Three. 2.________
We found his class interested. I learned a lot from him. The teacher 3.________
had a free talk to us in easy English. He spoke slow so that4.________
we could understand her well. Sometimes he repeated5.________
what we didn't understand. My classmate were all active in the class.6.________
To my joy, I understand everything the teacher said.7.________
But I was able to ask questions in English.This class encouraged me 8.________
very much, I'm sure that until we keep on practicing, 9.________
it will be easy of us to learn spoken English well.10.________
答案：1.the→a 2.正确 3.interested→interesting 4.slow→slowly 5.her→him 6.classmate→classmates 7.understand→understood 8.But→And 9.until→if 10.of→for
Ⅱ.任务型阅读
根据短文内容，从下框中的A～F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
(2014·浙江)
Develop Better Relationships with Neighbors
Good neighbors are a lot like electricity or running water：we don't know how much we depend on them until we don't have them. They make our lives more pleasant and give us a sense of who we are, both as an individual and as a member of the community. Here 's how to develop your relationships with these very important people in your life.
1．________ Often neighbors don't even know each other's names. But it's okay to be the one to break the ice, even if you've lived next door for years.Most neighbors enjoy making small talk with the folks on the other side of the fence. So as you see them at work in their yards, smile, wave, and say hello. Ask how their kids are (whether they're babies or in college), whether they could use an extra cucumber from your garden, or what they think of the price at the local supermarket.
2．________ These days, the old Welcome Wagon is a thing of the past. But your new neighbors may be feeling lonely and unsure, especially if they're far from home, and might appreciate a friendly face bearing fresh-baked chocolate cakes. If they have kids, tell them where the children in the neighborhood live. Recommend the best places to eat and shop. Invite them over for coffee or tea when they get settled, give them your number, and point to your house as you say good-bye.
3．________ Return anything that you borrow from a neighbor, such as tools, in good repair and as soon as you've finished with them. Replace anything that belongs to your neighbor that you, your children, or your pets break or soil. Make sure that your car is not blocking their doorway. Such random acts of consideration will have your neighbors talking-and the talk will be good.
4．________ If you value a friendly relationship with your neighbors, spend time with them. What better way to meet your neighbors than to invite them to an informal barbecue, pool party, or holiday open house? Better yet, you might even consider throwing a get-together in their honor. Belive the invitations in person to everyone who lives on your street and chat with each for five minutes before moving on to the next house. This way, you will get an idea of what your neighbors are like so that you can plan for appropriate food and music.
5．________ In a good relationship, it's really the little things that count. Help to bring in the mail for the elderly neighbor when there is a heavy rain. When your neighbor forgets to take in his rubbish cans, roll them back into his yard. If you're truly concerned, you'll know when your neighbor needs some cheering up-a bunch of flowers or a helping hand when it's needed. All it takes to develop your relationship with neighbors is the respect for their feelings.
A．Be a good listener.
B．Care about the details.
C．Strike up a conversation.
D．Make time for friendships.
E．Reach out to the newcomers.
F．Avoid causing inconveniences
文章大意：本文为一篇说明文 ，主要介绍如何跟邻居好好相处。
答案：
1．C 由本段后面的信息“But it's okay to be the one to break the ice”可知，该段小标题是：Strike up the conversation，“开始交谈”。
2．E 本部分的new neighbors 以及后面你可以为新邻居干的事情，可知，要主动接近新来的，故E项正确。
3．F 本段介绍要借的邻居的东西，你的车不要挡道等，这表示不要给别人带来不便，故F项正确。
4．D 本段第二句话就给了很好的提示：If you value a friendly relationships with your neighbors，spend time with them，故选D项：花点时间交朋友。
5．B 本段主要介绍跟邻居相处时要注重细节。因为“it's really the little thing that count.”。
Ⅲ.阅读表达
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后字数要求)。
I have a friend who had financial problems and needed my help occasionally.
He was in his final year in University while I was in my third year. He needed some money for school fees and other academic purposes, and he came to me. Being a student，________， but I gave him what he needed on the agreement that he would pay back. I didn't bother him after that. I never asked when he'd pay back.
Later on, after he finished school, he got into another period of deep financial stress and called me on the phone. He asked to borrow some more money, promising that he'd pay all of it back once he landed a job. Out of kindness, I still gave him the exact amount he needed, which was twice the amount I had given him initially. He was so grateful. It's so hard to find someone willing to lend you that amount of money, even with interest.
Fast forward a few months later. One evening, I was feeling happy and love filled my heart. I felt like performing a special act of kindness. And then I thought, “Why not cancel my friend's debt? Things are so difficult for him, you know？” So I called him up and told him I had canceled his debt. He was shocked! He couldn't believe it. He was so happy and later sent me a message of heart-felt gratitude.
Me too! And I felt grateful for his gratitude.
In life, it is the small but powerful actions of love that matter. When life is over, that's what counts.
1．For what purpose did the author's friend turn to him for help when they were in university? (no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
2．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)
________________________________________________________________________
3．According to Paragraph 4, what did the author decide to do? (no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4．How did the author's friend feel after he received the phone? (no more than 5 words)
________________________________________________________________________
5．What does the author intend to tell us? (no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1.For school fees and other academic purposes.
2．I didn't have much money.
3．To call his friend up and cancel his debt.
4．He felt happy and grateful. / Happy and grateful.
5．In life, small but powerful actions of love matter.
Ⅳ.任务型读写
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Without most people realizing it, there has been a revolution in office work over the last ten years.Before that time, large computers were only used by large, rich companies that could afford the investment.With the advancement of technology, small computers have come onto the market, which are capable of doing the work that used to be done by much larger and more expensive computers, so now most smaller companies can use them. The main development in small computers has been in the field of word processors(处理器), or WPS as they are often called.40% of British offices are now estimated to have a word processor and this percentage is growing fast.
There are many advantages in using a word processor for both secretary and manager.The secretary is freed from a lot of daily work, such as re-typing letters and storing papers.He or she can use this time to do other more interesting work for the boss.From a manager's point of view, secretarial time is being made better use of and money can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically outside office hours.
But is it all good? If a lot of daily secretarial work can be done automatically, surely this will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed.Another worry is the increasing medical problems related to work with visual display units (显示器)．The case of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors seems to have risen greatly.It is also feared that if a woman works at a VDU for long hours, the unborn child in her body might be killed.Safety screens to put over a VDU have been invented but few companies in England bother to buy them.
Whatever the arguments for and against word processor, they are a key feature (特征) of this revolution in office practice.
Small computers:
●1.________ larger and expensive computers.
●Most 2.________ companies can use them.
●Small computers have been 3.________ in the field of word processors, or WPS.
advantages
4.________
The secretary:
●freed from a lot of 5.________ work
●do other more interesting work for the boss 6.________：
●secretarial time can be made better use of
●7.________ can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically outside office hours.
●8.________ will lost their jobs.
●medical problems related to work with visual display units
●Many people 9.________ sight slowly.
●The unborn child in its mother's body might be 10.________.
答案：1.Replace 2.smaller 3.improved 4.disadvantages
5．daily 6.The boss/manager 7.Money 8.Secretaries 9.lose 10.killed
Ⅴ.情景对话
根据对话情景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项。
Policeman：Now, Jimmy, did you get a good view(看清) of the accident?
Jimmy：Oh, yes. I was standing outside the bank building and I saw it quite clearly.
Policeman：Do you know what time it was?
Jimmy：Yes. __1__ It was 2∶45 exactly.
Policeman：Good. __2__
Jimmy：Well, quite slowly—about 10 miles an hour. It was coming up York Road. __3__ But they were still red when he went over them.
Policeman：I see. __4__ Was it also driving slowly?
Jimmy：It was coming along Union Street about 30 miles per hour. It was a blue Toyota car. __5__
Policeman：Did you see what color his traffic(交通) light was?
Jimmy：Yes, it changed to yellow just before he crossed it.
A．What about the car?
B．I checked my watch.
C．Didn't you see the car?
D．Now，how fast was the truck moving?
E．Was the car going beyond the speed limit?
F．I suppose the truck driver knew the lights were going to change.
G．The driver stopped his car when he saw the truck crossing the street.
答案：1～5 BDFAG
课件73张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 选修7 （通用本）RobotsUnit 2 Section Ⅲ Using Language1.1.1 集合的概念Unit 2Ⅰ.词汇过关
1．________(n.)喜爱；爱；感情→affect(vt.)影响；感动→effect(n.)结果；作用；影响
2．________(adj.)兼职的→full-time(adj.)全部时间的；专任的；全职的
3．junior(adj.)较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的(n.)年少者；晚辈；等级较低者→________(adj.)年长的；资历较老的；地位较高的；高级的affection part-time senior
4．________(n.)天才；特殊能力；才干→talented(adj.)有才能的；天才的
5．theory(n.)理论→___________(adj.)理论上的
6．________(vt.& vi.)服从；顺从→disobey(vt.& vi.)不服从；违抗
7．_______________(n.)评价；评定→assess(vt.)评价；评定；估价；估定talent theoretical obey assessment Ⅱ.短语自查
1．________________ 以……为基础
2．________________ 由于……
3．________________ 一系列；一套
4．________________ 认真对待某人/某事物
5．________________ 一共；总计
6．________________ 一定做……
7．________________ 将……放在一边；为……
节省或保留(钱或时间)
8．_____________________ 获得硕士学位be based on
as a result of
a set of
take sb./sth. seriously
in all
be bound to
set aside gain a master's degreeⅢ.经典句式
1．Who said __________ __________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ __________was bound to ________ ________？
谁说将机器人和人做得非常像就一定会造成麻烦？
2．________ ________ ________Asimov was eleven years old________his talent for writing became obvious.
早在阿西莫夫11岁的时候，他的写作才华就已经显露出来了。
答案：1.making a robot so much like a man; cause trouble
2．It was when; thatⅣ.语篇理解
Read the text and then choose the best answers.
1．Who was Isaac Asimov?
A．An American scientist and writer who got his PhD in physics in 1948.
B．A Russian scientist and writer who married twice.
C．A Russian-American writer and scientist who became a full-time writer in 1958.
D．An American-Russian writer and scientist who had two children.
2．What was Asimov best known for?
A．His mystery stories.
B．His science fiction stories.
C．His science and history books.
D．His books about the Holy Bible and Shakespeare.
3．Which of the following statements is WRONG?
A．Asimov's talent for writing became obvious at the age of 12.
B．He began having his stories published in science fiction magazines in 1939.
C．He published his first novel in 1950.
D．He published his first science book in 1953.4．In which book did Asimov develop a set of three “laws” for robots?
A．The Foundation trilogy. B．I, Robot.
C．In his first novel. D．In his first science book.
5．What might happen in the world where there were robots if Asimov's three laws didn't exist?
A．Maybe robots will harm or injure human beings.
B．Maybe robots will disobey human beings.
C．Maybe robots will control the world.
D．All of the above.
答案：1～5 CBABD1.staff n．全体员工；手杖
①It's a small hospital with a staff of just over a hundred.
这是一家小医院，只有一百多名员工。
注意：staff作主语时，若看作整体，则谓语动词用单数；若看作个体，则谓语动词用复数。
②The staff in this company is high in quality.
这家公司的员工素质很高。
③The staff in this shop are ready to help others.
这家店里员工乐于助人。
知识拓展
staff vt.给……配备职员
Our hospital is staffed with 30 doctors.
我们医院有30名医生。
活学活用
根据句意及汉语提示填空
(1)Tom________ ________ ________(成为员工)in 1998.
(2)The company is small__________ ________ ________ ________(有员工)60.
(3)The old man can walk only with the help of a ________ ________(拐杖)．
答案：(1)joined the staff (2)with a staff of (3)walking staff2．junior adj.较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的 n．年少者；晚辈；等级较低者
①He is the champion of the world junior diving championship.
他是世界少年组跳水锦标赛的冠军。
②I was the most junior person in my company.
我在公司资历最浅。
③He is my junior by three years.
他比我小三岁。
知识拓展
be junior to比……资历浅/地位低
be senior to比……资历深/地位高
Though Tom is two years junior to me, he is senior to me in our office.
尽管汤姆比我小两岁，但在办公室里他的职位比我高。图解助记
junior，senior，superior等本身含有比较的意味，故没有比较级和最高级；表示比较时，不与than而与to搭配。
Though Jack looks younger than Ann, he's senior to her.
虽然杰克看上去比安年轻，但他比她年长。活学活用
This new machine is technically far ________ to the previous type.
A．superior B．junior
C．senior D．equal
答案：A 本题考查形容词辨析。句意：这台新机器在技术性能上要比原来那种型号的好得多。be superior to“比……优越/好”；junior“年少的，资历较浅的”；senior“地位高的，年长的”；equal“同样的，相等的”。3．talent n．天才；才干；特殊能力；有才能的人
①He showed considerable talent for getting what he wanted.
他很有天资，能够心想事成。
②There is a wealth of young talents in British theatre.
英国戏剧界青年一代人才辈出。
知识拓展
have a talent for...有……的天赋
talented adj.天才的；有才能的
gift n．天赋；天才；才能
gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的活学活用
(1)完成句子
①He ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(极有音乐天赋)．
②She is ________ ________ ________(天才的艺术家)．
③She shows talent ________ ________ ________(善交朋友)．
答案：①has a great talent for music ②a talented artist ③for making friends
(2)He is famous not only for his________but also for his kindness.
A．clever B．bright
C．weak D．talent
答案：D 介词后跟名词作宾语，talent(n.)“天才，才干”。A、B、C三项都是形容词，故排除。4．marry v．结婚；出嫁；主婚；证婚
①Helen didn't marry till 40.
海伦直到四十岁才结婚。
②Mary's parents didn't allow her to marry a doctor. They married her to an engineer.
玛丽的父母不允许她嫁给医生。他们把她嫁给了一个工程师。
③The priest married the young man and the young girl.
牧师为年轻的男女主持了婚礼。注意：
(1)“与某人结婚”不用介词with。
Mary married Tom last year.
玛丽去年与汤姆结婚了。
(2)表示“结婚多久”要用be married, get married表示动作，不与for引导的一段时间状语连用。
They have been married for two years.
They got married two years ago.
他们结婚已有两年了。活学活用
(1)改错
①She married with an Englishman.
②Have you married?
③When did you marry?
④We have married for two years.
⑤She married her daughter with a lawyer.
答案：①去掉with ②将Have改为Are或married前加got ③将marry改为get married ④在have和married之间加been ⑤将with改为to
(2)The couple________for thirty years.
A．has married B．married
C．has been married D．has got married
答案：C 该题考查的是marry的用法。be married表示状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用，get married表示动作，不可和表示一段时间的状语连用。5．divorce n．离婚；断绝关系；脱离 vt.与……离婚；与……脱离
①It is because of the divorce between college education and society that many university graduates can only find an ordinary job.
正是由于大学教育与社会分离，许多大学毕业生只能找到一份普通的工作。
②They have agreed to get a divorce.
他们已同意离婚。
③They believed that art should be divorced from politics.
他们认为艺术应该与政治分开。
知识拓展
(1)get a divorce from sb .＝divorce sb.与某人离婚
divorce... from...使……与……脱离
(2)divorced adj.离婚的，离异的；脱离……的
be divorced from脱离……
get divorced离婚活学活用
(1)完成句子
①Did Mr. Hill ________ ________ ________ because of such things?
因为这些事情，希尔先生要与太太离婚吗？
②Their marriage ________ ________ ________.
他们的婚姻以离婚收场。
答案：①divorce his wife ②ended in divorce
(2)After they got ________，she never remarried.
A．to divorce B．divorcing
C．divorced D．divorce
答案：C 本题考查get divorced的用法。句意：他们离婚后，她没有再婚。get divorced意为“离婚”，也可用get a divorce来表达此意。1.be bound to一定做……
①You have done so much that you are bound to pass the exam.
你下了这么大功夫，一定能及格。
②I feel bound to tell you that you're drinking too much.
我感觉有必要和你说你酒喝得太多了。知识拓展
be bound to sth.被束缚于某物
be bound to do sth.一定会
be bound up in热心于；忙于
be bound up with与……有密切联系
He is bound up in his work which is bound up with the welfare of the community.
他忙于工作，这项工作与社区福利事业有密切联系。
活学活用
(1)完成句子。
His political philosophy was closely ________ ________ ________ his religious beliefs.
他的政治哲学与他的宗教信仰密切相关。
答案：bound up with
(2)I support your decision, but I should also make it clear that I am not going to be________to it.
A．connected B．fastened
C．bound D．stuck
答案：C 本题考查be bound to sth.“受……的约束”。connect“连接”；fasten“使固定”；stick to“坚持”。句意为“我支持你的决定，但是我得说明，我不打算受它约束”。由此可知C项符合句意。
2．give up放弃；交出；让给
①He determined to give up smoking.
他决定戒烟。
②She gave up her seat to the old man.
她把座位让给了那位老人。
③They had to give up the town to the enemy.
他们只好把城镇交给了敌人。知识拓展
give away赠送；泄露
give in屈服；让步
give off放出；散发
give out分发；用完；消耗尽
give way to给……让路；对……让步
After a month their food supplies gave out, so they had to give in.
一个月后他们食物供应消耗殆尽，因此他们不得不投降。
He gave away most of his money to charity.
他把他的大部分钱都捐给了慈善事业。活学活用
(1)What disappointed us was that their confidence finally________.
A．gave off B．gave out
C．gave up D．gave in
答案：B give off“放出，散发”；give out“分发，用完，消耗尽”；give up“放弃”；give in“屈服，投降”。句意为“令我们感到失望的是，他们的信心最终消耗殆尽”。由此可知，B项符合句意。(2)He tried to keep up a calm appearance, but his trembling voice________him________.
A．gave; off B．gave; up
C．gave; away D．gave; out
答案：C give off“放出，散发”；give up“放弃”；give away“泄露”；give out“分发，发出”。句意为“他竭力想保持镇静的样子，但他那颤抖的声音却泄露了他的心情”。由此可知，C项符合句意。
3．take...seriously认真对待……
If you can't take your study seriously, you will fail in the coming examination.
如果你不认真对待学习，接下来的考试就会不及格。
知识拓展
take one's time不用急，慢慢来
take it easy别紧张
take pride in以……自豪
take the place of代替；取代
take ...for granted认为……理所当然
take possession of占有，拥有
take charge负责；掌管
take advantage of利用
Take your time, and we are waiting for you.
不用急，我们等你。
He took pride in his little son who had took charge of the company.
他以他小儿子成为这家公司的负责人感到自豪。活学活用
(1)(2013·四川·1)—I feel so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow.
—________.
A．I really envy you B．Glad to hear that
C．Sounds great. D．Take it easy
答案：D 本题考查交际用语。由于说话者担心明天的全国英语演讲比赛，所以答话者当然要给予安慰。Take it easy. “别紧张”符合语境。
(2)He began to take political science________only when he left school.
A．strictly B．truly
C．carefully D．seriously
答案：D 本题考查take短语。take...seriously“认真/严肃对待某事”。strictly“严格地”；truly“真实地”；carefully“小心地，谨慎地”。句意为“只有当他离开学校时他才开始认真对待政治学”。由此可知，D项符合句意。1.While some owners were firm with their robot's suggestions, others would turn around and walk out of the shop, feeling embarrassed.
有些主人会很赞同机器人的建议，而有的会转身走出商店，感到很尴尬。
(1)该句为复合句，while作连词，表对比，意为“而，然而”。feeling embarrassed为现在分词结构，作伴随状语。
(2)while的用法
①作并列连词，“而，然而”，表对比。
②作从属连词
a．表时间，引导时间状语从句，“当……的时候，和……同时”。此时从句谓语一般为延续性动词。
b．表让步，通常位于句首，“尽管，虽然”。③作名词，意为“一会儿”，常用短语为for a while“一会儿”。
a．While Tom is very good at science，his brother is absolutely hopeless.
汤姆很擅长理科，而他的弟弟绝对是不可救药。
b．While he loves his students, he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱他的学生，但是他对他们也很严格。
c．She fell asleep while listening to the radio.
她听着收音机睡着了。活学活用
(1)完成句子。
①她打网球时腿部受伤了。
She had her leg injured ________ ________ ________ ________.
②这个国家的南方越来越富，而北方却越来越穷。
The south of the country grows richer, ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：①while playing tennis ②while the north grows poorer(2)(2013·新课标Ⅰ·32)There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery ________ another man, also intelligent, fails.
A．since B．if
C．as D．while
答案：D 本题考查连词的用法。句意：没有办法知道为什么一个人取得重大发现，而另一个人，也很聪明，却不能。while“而，却”，引导并列句，符合题意。
2．Among his most famous works of science fiction, one for which he won an award was the Foundation trilogy(1951－1953), three novels about the death and rebirth of a great empire in a galaxy of the future.
在他那些极负盛名的科幻小说中，有一部获奖作品叫做《基地》三部曲(1951～1953)，由三个小故事，讲的是未来银河系中一个伟大帝国的灭亡与复兴。主句的主语是代词one，谓语是was, the Foundation trilogy(1951－1953)是表语。for which引导的定语从句修饰one。three novels about the death and rebirth of a great empire in a galaxy of the future是the Foundation trilogy(1951－1953)的同位语。代词one在句中起替代作用。如：
A bridge made of stone lasts longer than one made of wood.
用石头建的桥比用木头建的桥持续的时间要长。比较网站
it, one, that, those活学活用
(1)(2013·天津·12)At our factory there are a few machines similar to ________ described in this magazine.
A．them B．these
C．those D．ones
答案：C 本题考查代词。题意：在我们厂，有很多机器与在这本杂志中所描述的那些相似。要用代词替代前面的machines，为复数名词，且有described in this magazine的修饰限定，故替代的是特指的复数名词，用those来替代。Ones替代表示泛指的名词复数形式。故选C项。(2)(2013·浙江·11)Half of ________ surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.
A．these B．some
C．ones D．those
答案：D 本题考查代词的用法。句意：在那些16个国家的被调查者中有一半说他们首先要去找他们最亲密的朋友去分享他们最深刻的愿望和最隐秘的恐惧。分析结构可知，此处要用代词指代那些被调查者。these不能用于代词的替代；some“某个，某些”；ones 可以指代，但是为泛指，而此处为特指，用those相当于the ones，所以正确答案为D。(3)Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with________of their parents.
A．those B．one
C．both D．that
答案：D 句意为：十分之九的父母说他们教育孩子的方法相对于他们父母教育自己的方法有明显的不同。此处用that指代上文的approach。如何写想象类作文
写作指导
想象类作文属于开放性作文，要求学生充分发挥自己的想象力。对于写作的内容，我们可以从自己的生活出发进行幻想，寻找题材；也可以就如何解决现实或者未来世界中会出现的问题进行合理的想象。
首先，确定主题。我们可以把生活中碰到的事物、电视上或书本上看到的各种科幻形象的特点进行揉和，充分发挥自己的想象力，从而创造出一个生动的角色，确定作文的主题。
其次，构思情节。情节内容的设定要新奇，要能吸引人。这就要求学生充分发挥自己的想象力，在科学的基础上合理想象。常用表达方式
1．My ideal robot is a (n)．..
2．The robot I want will be...
3．It has two arms and four wheels.
4．It can help me with my homework/housework.
5．It can work for a long time without feeling tired.
6．It looks like a real person.
7．It has feelings like human beings.
8．It can provide companionship when I'm lonely.话题导入
请根据下面提示及图画，写一篇短文。词数120词左右。
In an English class, you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to the class how you understand it.
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________[写作词汇热身]
1．相反的____________
2．提醒某人某事____________
3．对……置若罔闻____________
4．主修____________
5．不管不顾____________
答案：1.opposite 2.remind sb. of sth 3.turn a deaf ear to 4.major in 5.regardless of
[写作表达练习]
1．这使我想起了一些家庭中存在的一个普遍现象。
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
2．家长们持有不同看法。
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________3．他们会激烈争论而不顾孩子的意向。
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
答案：1.It reminds me of a common phenomenon in some families.
2．The parents hold different opinions.
3．They will have a heated argument regardless of the children's intention. [参考范文]
In the picture we can see a family in a car. The mother and the father are trying to drive the car in opposite directions with their child sitting between them, looking rather confused.
It reminds me of a common phenomenon in some families. When there are some decisions for the family to make, the parents hold different opinions and turn a deaf ear to each other, not to mention their children's ideas. For example, when it comes to what their children should major in at university, they will have a heated argument regardless of the children's intention.
I think parents should try to improve their communication and take their children's opinions into consideration so as to reach an agreement.
[名师点评]
1．本文符合开放性作文的特点，从实际生活出发，借助提供材料，展开合理、丰富的想象。
2．内容具体，根据题目的要求和提示，围绕与主题相关的材料展开话题，文章生动。
3．注意了人称与时态的应用。同时跨越时空限制，突破限制，自由畅通地表达了作者的所思所想，并使用了一些高级词汇与复杂句式，是一篇好作文。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The classmates discriminated against him because of his parents' ________(离婚)．
2．He is famous not only for his ________(才能) but (also) for his kindness.
3．Nevertheless, he showed great ________(感情) and devotion to his master.
4．They look at the house and ________(估算)its market value.5．The president was so young that he was ________(年龄小)to some of his employees.
6．We put our work________(在一边)and listened to him.
7．Your plan is________(一定的)to succeed.
8．I was deeply struck with the________(雄伟的)view of the falls.
9．The Prime Minister s________that he would visit Canada the next year.
10．He told me to keep my word and I o________.
答案：1.divorce 2.talent 3.affection 4.assess 5.junior
6．aside 7.bound 8.grand 9.stated 10.obeyed
Ⅱ.选用合适的短语，并用其适当形式填空
1．take it easy，take on a new look，take advantage of
①Language students should ________________ modern facilities for constant language practice.
②Hey, ________________！ Nobody's saying you're not good at your job.
③Our country has indeed undergone rapid development and ________________.2．set aside，set down，set out，set up，set about
①Johnson ________________ decorating their new house in blues and yellows.
②He was asked to ________________ the facts just as he remembered them.
③I ________________ my overcoat and took out my summer clothes.
④After dinner，Cindy ________________ for the supermarket to buy some chocolate.
⑤A lot of tall buildings have been ________________ in Beijing in the past three years.
答案：1.①take advantage of ②take it easy ③takes on a new look 2.①set about ②set down ③set aside ④set out ⑤set up课件7张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 选修7（通用本） RobotsUnit 2 Robot that cleans—inventor's ideal woman
An inventor has created his perfect woman, a robot who can do the cleaning，remember his favourite drinks and read him the newspaper headlines.
Le Trung has spent ￡14,000 creating Aiko, who he describes as “in her 20s”with a good figure, shiny hair and delicate features. She can speak English and Japanese and is so good at mathematics that she can do Mr Trung's accounts.Mr Trung, from Brampton in Ontario, Canada, said he has never had time to find a real partner—so he designed and created his ideal woman using the latest technology.
The former software programmer had taken out credit cards and loans，sold his car and spent his life savings on perfecting his Aiko.He said, “Aiko is what happens when science meets beauty. I want to make her look, feel and act as human as possible so she can be the perfect companion. I talk to her a lot, and hope to improve her knowledge. So far she can understand and speak 13,000 different sentences in English and Japanese，so she's already fairly intelligent. Aiko recognises faces and says hello when any of my family come around to visit. She helps me choose what to have for dinner and knows what drinks I like. She even helps me with directions when we're going somewhere. She doesn't need holidays，food or rest and she will work almost 24 hours a day. She is very patient and never complains. She is the perfect woman.”Mr Trung has designed Aiko with a touch-sensitive face and body so she reacts in a natural way if she is shown affection or hurt.
Question：
Why did Mr Trung have no real girlfriend?
A．Because he was too shy to find one.
B．Because he has not enough money.
C．Because he was too busy to find one.
D．Because he was only interested in robots.
答案：C
