【成才之路】2014-2015学年高中英语选修七：Unit 4 Sharing 课件+强化练习（7份）

Unit 4　 Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He helped me with my English. ________________(否则) I wouldn't have passed the exam.
2．Watch out for sharp bends and ________________(调节) your speed accordingly.
3．These comments are not directly ________________(有关的) to this enquiry.
4．How many countries ________________(参加) in the Beijing Olympic Games?
5．They have chosen to work in that ________________(遥远的) area after graduation.
6．I hope to have the ________________(殊荣)of meeting the famous writer again.
7．Don't ________________(弄脏) the carpet with your muddy shoes.
8．We have made all the ________(安排) for the conference.
9．I understand some of the c________ of the theory but I'm not sure about its details.
10．It is the first time that Miss Zhang Guiqin has stood on the ________(讲台)．
答案：1.Otherwise　2.adjust　3.relevant　4.participated　5.remote　6.privilege　7.dirty　8.arrangements　9.concepts　10.platform
Ⅱ.选词填空
make a difference　hear from　up to　stick out　dry up　come across　be dying to　the other day　relevant to　dry out
1．How often do you ________________ your sister?
2．What are these naughty boys ________________？
3．We should ________________ between right and wrong.
4．She ________________ her legs and tripped him over.
5．The sun will soon ________________ the roads.
6．Water the plant regularly, never letting the soil ________________.
7．She ________________ some old letters in the course of her search.
8．I ________________ know where you are from.
9．Helen borrowed my book ________________， saying that she would return it soon.
10．Colour and sex are hardly________the jobs in a company.
答案：1.hear from　2.up to　3.make a difference　4.stuck out　5.dry up　6.dry out　7.came across　8.am dying to　9.the other day　10.relevant to
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．我确实告诉你了，但是你忘了。
I ________ ________ ________， but you have forgotten it.(tell)
2．我盼望着不久收到你的信。
I look forward to ________ ________ ________ in the near future.(hear)
3．他在海滨度假，并天天去参加冲浪运动。
He spends holiday at the seashore, and goes to ________ ________ ________ every day.(participate)
4．听了他对这部电影的评论，我真想去看。
Having heard what he had said about the film, I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.(die)
5．他无法适应这个大都市的忙碌的现代生活。
He ________ ________ ________ ________ the whirl of modern life in this big city.(adjust)
6．她低着头坐在那里。
She sat there ________ ________ ________ ________.(bend)
7．过马路时，你一定要小心。
________ ________ ________ ________， you must be careful.(cross)
8．我们正忙着做圣诞节的准备。
We are busy ________ ________ ________ Christmas.(arrangement)
答案：
1．did tell you　2.hearing from you　3.participate in surfing
4．am dying to see it　5.can't adjust himself to　6.with her head bent　7.While/When (you are) crossing the street　8.making arrangements for
Ⅳ.单项填空
1．Don't stick your arm out of the window when the car is running; ________ you will be hurt.
A．otherwise B．but
C．so D．when
答案：A　otherwise”否则”，根据句意看出，此题是一种否定假设，句意为“当车行驶时，不要把胳膊伸到窗子外面，否则你会受伤的”。but表示转折关系；so表示因果关系；when表示时间。
2．It is ________ to his clumsy English that he got into trouble in Papua New Guinea.
A．clear B．relevant
C．possible D．relative
答案：B　it是形式主语，that he got into trouble in Papua是真正的主语从句，句意为“他在巴布亚新几内亚陷入困境与他的拙劣的英语有关”。is relevant to“与……有关”；be possible to“可能的”；is relative to“相对于”；B项符合题意。
3．The little boy is ________ to know how the people in the South Pacific Ocean are living.
A．death B．dying
C．die D．dead
答案：B　句意为“那个男孩急切地想知道在南太平洋的人们是怎样生活的”。be dying to do“急切地想干某事”，符合题意。death“死亡”；die“死”；dead“死的”。
4．The old people in our community enjoy ________ in activities such as dancing and singing.
A．enriching B．recognizing
C．participating D．preferring
答案：C　句意为“我们社区的老年人喜欢参加跳舞和唱歌的活动”。participate in“参加，参与，分享”符合题意。enrich“使富裕，充实，改善”；recognize“辨认出，承认，公认”；prefer“更喜欢，选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)”。
5．It is one of the easiest ways to judge his IQ whether one can ________ himself quickly ________ the new situation.
A．adjust；to B．think; to
C．adopt; to D．satisfy; from
答案：A　本题考查动词词组辨析。adjust oneself to...“使自己适应于……”；adopt“采用”；句意为“能否迅速地适应新形势是判断一个人的智商的最容易的方法之一”。
6．—Have you ever ________ your parents recently?
—Yes，two weeks ago.
A．heard of B．heard about
C．heard from D．heard
答案：C　考查hear短语的用法。句意为——“你最近收到父母的来信了吗？”——“是的，两周前。”hear about“听到有关……”；hear of“听说”；hear from“收到……的来信，得知某人的消息”。由题意及时态可知C项正确。
7．—Shall he come today or tomorrow?
—Up to him. It makes no ________ to me.
A．meaning B．trouble
C．relation D．difference
答案：D　makes no difference“没关系，没影响”。句意为——“他今天来还是明天来？”——“由他决定，对我来说没区别。”
8．________， when I went to the hospital to see my sick teacher, he said to me, “I'll go back to school again ________.”
A．One day; the other day
B．Some day；one day
C．Some day; the other day
D．The other day; some day
答案：D　第一空用the other day表示“前几天”，第二空用some day表示“将来某一天”。
9．Ganhai in Guilin had been a highland glacial lake by the 1940s and was formed after the water had ________.
A．dried up B．dried out
C．died out D．died away
答案：A　考查动词短语辨析。dry up“(河流等的)干涸”；dry out“(浸水等物)完全变干；干透”；die out“逐渐消失；灭绝”；die away“(风、声音)减弱；渐渐消失”。句意：到二十世纪40年代为止，桂林的干海一直是冰川湖，是在湖水干涸后形成的。
10．He was about to turn on the computer and surf the Internet________the sleeping baby woke up.
A．as B．when
C．while D．before
答案：B　be about to do sth. ... when...意思是“正要/即将做某事……这时……”，指事情马上要发生，不和表示将来的时间状语连用。句意为：他正要打开电脑上网，睡觉的婴儿突然醒了。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
Julia lived in the countryside, but one year she decided to visit the capital city to do some shopping and to see the sights. She stayed at a hotel near the central market. She had seldom been to the city before, and was very excited about what she would find.
On the first morning of her visit, as she walked from the hotel to the market, she passed a beggar(乞丐). He was holding up a notice, which said, “Blind from birth. Please give generously(慷慨地)．”
Julia felt sorry for the blind beggar and she bent down and put a dollar coin into his bowl.
“Thank you，” he said.
The same thing happened again the following day. On the third day, however, Julia did not have a dollar coin. She had only fifty cents, so she dropped this into the beggar's bowl.
“What have I done wrong？” the beggar said. “Why are you so stingy(吝啬的)today？”
Julia was very surprised at what the beggar said.
“How do you know I haven't given you a dollar？”she said. “If you're blind, you can't know what coin I put into your bowl.”
“Ah，” explained the beggar, “the truth is that I'm not blind. I'm not blind. I'm just looking after this place for the regular beggar while he's on holiday.”
“On holiday？” Julia said. “And what exactly does your blind friend do on holiday？”
“He goes into the countryside，” the man said, “and takes photographs. He's a very good photographer.”
1．Where was the beggar sitting?
A．Between Julia's hotel and the market.
B．In the busiest part of the city.
C．Outside the shops.
D．In the market.
答案：A　从第二段第一句“...as she walked from the hotel to the market, she passed a beggar”可得出答案。
2．On the first two days, ________.
A．the blind man waited for Julia
B．Julia gave the blind man some money
C．the blind man demanded money from Julia
D．Julia gave him nothing
答案：B　从文中可以看出是Julia因为同情那个乞丐而主动给钱的。
3．On the third day, the blind man ________.
A．accepted Julia's fifty cents quite happily
B．noticed that Julia had only given him fifty cents
C．refused Julia's fifty cents
D．also received one dollar from Julia
答案：B　乞丐注意到Julia只给了平时的一半时很不高兴，但并没有拒绝。
B
I love charity(慈善) shops and so do lots of other people in Britain because you find quite a few of them in every high street. The charity shop is a British institution, selling everything from clothes to electric goods, all at very good prices. You can get things you won't find in the shops any more. The thing I like best about them is that your money is going to a good cause, and not into the pockets of profit-driven companies, and you are not damaging the planet, but finding a new home for unwanted goods.
The first charity shop was opened in 1947 by Oxfam. The famous charity's appeal to aid postwar Greece bad been so successful it had been flooded with donations(捐赠物). They decided to set up a shop to sell some of these donations to raise money for that appeal. Now there are over 7,000 charity shops in the UK. My favourite charity shop in my hometown is the Red Cross shop, where I always find children's books, all 10 or 20 pence each.
Most of the people working in the charity shops are volunteers, although there is often a manager who gets paid. Over 90% of the goods in the charity shops are donated by the public. Every morning you see bags of unwanted items outside the front of shops, although they don't encourage this, rather ask people to bring things in when the shop is open.
The shops have very low running costs: all profits go to charity work. Charity shops raise more than ￡110 million a year, funding (资助) medical research, overseas aid, supporting sick and poor children, homeless and disabled people, and much more. What better place to spend your money? You get something special for a very good price and a good moral sense. You provide funds to a good cause and tread lightly on the environment.
4．The author loves the charity shop mainly because of ______.
A．its convenient location
B．its great variety of goods
C．its spirit of good will
D．its nice shopping environment
答案：C　推理判断题。由第一段第四句“The thing I like best about them is that your money is going to a good cause...”可推断出C项正确。
5．The first charity shop in the UK was set up to ________.
A．sell cheap products
B．deal with unwanted things
C．raise money for patients
D．help a foreign country
答案：D　细节理解题。由第二段第二、三句“The famous charity's appeal to aid postwar Greece had been so successful... raise money for that appeal.”可知。而从文章的第一段又知作者是英国人。故D项正确。
6．Which of the following is TRUE about charity shops?
A．The operating costs are very low.
B．The staff are usually well paid.
C．90 % of the donations are second-hand.
D．They are open twenty-four hours a day.
答案：A　细节理解题。由第四段第一句“The shops have very low running costs...”可知A项正确。由第三段第一句中的“volunteers”可排除B项；由第三段第二句可知C项不正确；由第三段最后一句可知D项不正确。
7．Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?
A．What to Buy in a Charity Shop
B．Charity Shop: Its Origin & Development
C．Charity Shop: Where You Buy to Donate
D．The Public's Concern about Charity Shops
答案：C　主旨大意题。文章讲述了慈善商店的成因、历史、发展等，只有C项全面表达了大意。A、B、D三项都很片面。
课件146张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 选修7 （通用本）SharingUnit 4　1.1.1　集合的概念Section Ⅰ　
Warming-up; Pre-reading, Reading & Comprehending1.1.1　集合的概念Unit 4Ⅰ.词汇过关
1．音意记忆
(1)/'f??tnaIt/________(n.)两星期
(2)/ru?f/________(n.)屋顶；车顶
(3)/'k?nsept/________(n.)观念；概念
(4)/'rel?v?nt/________(adj.)有关的；切题的
(5)/rI'm??t/________(adj.)遥远的；偏僻的
(6)/wi?d/________(n.)杂草；野草
(vt.& vi.)除杂草fortnightroofconceptrelevantremoteweed
(7)/'pl?tf??m/________(n.)台；平台；讲台；(火车站的)月台
(8)/bru?m/________(n.)扫帚
(9)/'?e?waIz/__________(conj.)否则；不然(adv.)用别的方法；其他方面
(10)/'prIv?lId?/________(n.)特权；特别优待platformbroomotherwiseprivilege2．形意记忆
(1)nud(n.)泥；泥泞→________(adj.)泥泞的；泥土般的
(2)week(n.)周，星期→________(adj.& adv.)每周(的)
(3)rectangle(n.)矩形；长方形→____________(adj.)长方形的；矩形的
(4)adjust(vi.& vt.)调整；(使)适合→___________(n.)调整； 适应
(5)participate(vi.)参与；参加→_______________(n.)参加→_____________(n.)参加者，参与者
(6)arrangement(n.)安排；排列→__________(v.)安排；排列muddyweeklyrectangularadjustmentparticipationparticipantarrangeⅡ.短语自查
1．确切地，肯定　　　 ________________
2．不久前的一天 ________________
3．产生影响 ________________
4．与某人握手 ________________
5．颠倒地 ________________
6．(使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透 ________________
7．(指河流、井等)干涸 ________________for sure　
the other day　
make a difference　
shake hands with sb.　
upside down　
dry out　
dry up　
8．hear from ________________
9．(be) bying to ________________
10．adapt to ________________
11．come across ________________
12．to be honest ________________接到……的信　
极想；渴望　
适应　
偶然遇到　
说实话
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．The reading passage is an airmail letter from a young Australian woman, Jo, __________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________in Papua New Guinea(PNG)for two years.
这段阅读材料是来自一名年青的澳大利亚女士的航空邮件，她叫乔，在巴布亚新几内亚志愿从教两年。2．I know______ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________， so I've included some photos ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ______ ________ ______.
我知道你急于了解我在这里的生活情况。我在信中附有几张照片，能够帮助你想象出我所谈的地方。
3．________ ________ ________I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment ________， before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere.
有一天，我在给孩子们做每周一次的化学实验，我还没明白怎么回事，混合剂就到处冒气泡了。4．I loved________ ________the family softly__________ ________ ________ ________in their language, ______ ________I could not________ ________the conversation.
我喜欢听他们一家人轻声细语地用自己的语言交谈，尽管我不能加入他们的谈话。
答案：1.who worked as a volunteer teacher
2．you're dying to hear all about my life here; which will help you picture the places I talk about 　3.The other day; when　4.listening to; talking to each other; even though; participate inⅣ.语篇理解
根据课文内容填空
In the letter that Jo wrote to Rosemary, she told of her experiences of being a teacher in a 1.________ school in Africa. We can imagine how difficult it was for her to work there, since there was no 2.________ or 3.________， and no 4.________ for science subjects. And students had to walk a long way to the school.It was difficult for her to get to know the 5.________ people as she didn't know much Pidgin English, but there was one chance that she 6.________ to visit the home of one of her students. After as long as two and a half hours' hard journey, she and another teacher Jenny arrived at Tombe's house, a low 7.________ hut with grass sticking out of the roof. They entered the room through the narrow 8.________， and the hut was dark inside so it took time for their eyes to 9.________. At dinner，Jo and Jenny learned a lot of local traditional customs. Jo really felt it was a great 10.________ to have spent a day with Tombe's family.
答案：1.bush　2.electricity　3.water　4.equipment　5.local　6.managed　7.bamboo　8.doorway　9.adjust　10.privilege1.volunteer n．志愿者；v.自愿
They need some volunteers to help paint the house.
他们需要几个自愿帮助漆房屋的人。活学活用
(1)The girl worked as a ________ teacher in the mountainous area for three years.
A．volunteer B．volunteering
C．volunteered D．volunteers
答案：A　volunteer可以当名词和动词使用。作名词时，可以在句中充当定语。a volunteer teacher“一个教师志愿者”。
(2)Now let's recite the poem we learned last week. Any________？
A．provides B．offers
C．supplies D．volunteers
答案：D　本题题意：现在背诵上周学的那首诗。谁自告奋勇？volunteer表示“志愿者”。(3)If you wish to join our committee and________for the betterment of the whole school, please register in the Admissions Office.
A．offer B．present
C．propose D．volunteer
答案：D　本题题意：如果您愿意加入会，成为学校的志愿者，请到入学办公室报名。volunteer“自愿；自愿服务”，常常和介词for连用。
2．relevant adj.有关的；切题的；有实际价值的
①His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.
他的国籍与他是否是一位好律师无关。
②What you say is not relevant to the matter in hand.
你所说的与目前这件事无关。知识拓展
be relevant to与……有关
be related to与……有关
be concerned with与……有关
be involved in与……有关
be associated with与……有关
relevance n．关联，贴切，中肯
relevantly adv.有关地；切题地
irrelevant adj.无关的；不切题的
be irrelevant to sth./sb.与某物/人不相关
活学活用
(1)What he said was not directly ________ what he had done.
A．relevant B．awesome
C．alarmed D．afraid
答案：A　句意为“他说的话与他所做的事情没有直接的关系”。be relevant to...“与……有关”，符合题意。awesome“使人敬畏的，令人畏惧的”；alarmed“担心的，害怕的”；D项用于be afraid of，意思是“害怕……”。
(2)We can't make a decision until we have all the______information.
A．invisible　　　 B．remarkable
C．relevant D．vivid
答案：C　invisible“看不见的”；remarkable“显著的，不同寻常的”；relevant“相关的”；vivid“生动的”。句意为：我们要掌握所有相关的信息才能作决定。由句意可知应选C项。
3．remote adj.遥远的；偏僻的
①It all seemed remote but gradually the improvements have been seen here.
这一切似乎很遥远，但这里的工作已逐渐得已改进。
②The volunteer teaches in one of the most remote areas of the world.
这位志愿者在世界上最偏僻的一个地区教书。知识拓展
remotely adv.遥远地；关系远地
remoteness n．遥远
remote control遥控(器)
be remote from离……远；与……相差很大
The old man lives in a house remote from any town or village.
那位老人住在一所远离村镇的房子里。
Much new knowledge is remote from the immediate interests of the ordinary person.
许多新知识与普通人目前的利益关系甚远。比较网站
remote, far和distant
Mail comes to this remote village only once a week.
邮车每周只到这个偏僻的村庄一次。
The far side of the moon is difficult for us to observe.
我们很难观察月亮远的一面。
He is a distant cousin of mine.
他是我的一位远房表亲。
活学活用
(1)汉译英
①There is still a remote chance that they will find her alive.
______________________________________________
②你的评论跟我们正谈的问题关系不大。
______________________________________________
答案：①他们仍然有一线希望能把她活着找到。 ②Your comments are rather remote from the subject we are discussing.(2)The doctors were dying to get to the ________ villages as soon as possible to save the woman, though the roads were muddy.
A．beautiful B．outer
C．environmental D．remote
答案：D　句意为“虽然道路泥泞不堪，医生们都渴望尽快到达那偏僻的村庄，去救那位妇女”。从muddy看出“村庄偏远”。D项合乎题意。beautiful“漂亮的”；outer“外部的，外面的”；environmental“环境的”。A、B、C三项与题意关系不大。
4．adjust v．调整；(使)适合
①She adjusted the seat to the height of her son.
她调整座椅到适合儿子的高度。
②He tried to adjust his daily schedule to leave time for everything.
他设法调整日常时间表，以便能有时间顾及所有的事。 知识拓展
adjust sth. to sth.调整……以适合
adjust to sth./doing sth.适应于……
adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的
adjustment n．调整；调节；适应
make an adjustment作出调整
He soon adjusted himself to the army life.
他很快就适应了军旅生活。比较网站
You should adjust your watch. It's five minutes slow.
你应该调准你的手表，它慢五分钟。
I believe that a good hotel must adapt itself to changing times.
我认为一个好的宾馆必须适应潮流。活学活用
(1)补全句子
①她把座椅调到适合她孩子的高度。
She ________ ________ ________ ________ the height of her child.
②她很快使自己适应了这种生活方式。
She soon ________ ________ ________ this way of life.
答案：①adjusted the seat to　②adjusted herself to
(2)You can't see things clearly through a telescope unless it is ________ correctly to your sight.
A．adjusted B．examined
C．checked D．tested
答案：A　句意：除非根据你的视力调整好望远镜你才能看清事物。adjust sth. to sth.意为“根据……做调整”，此处应用的是被动语态。B、C、D三项皆不合题意。
5．lay vt.放置；铺设　vt.下(蛋)；产卵
①He laid the book on the bookshelf a moment ago.
他刚才把这本书放在了书架上。
②He laid the new carpet on the floor yesterday.
昨天他把新地毯铺在了地板上。温馨提示：lie(躺)；lie(撒谎)；lay的区别如下表：记忆要决：
有规则的撒撒谎，(作“撒谎”讲时，变化符合规则)
不规则的放和躺，(作“放”和“躺”讲时，变化不符合规则)
现在放乃过去躺，(作“放”讲时的现在式即原形和作“躺”讲时的过去式是同一词)
放与撒谎变同样，(作“放”和“撒谎”讲时，变化特点一样如：lied, lied, laid, laid。而作“躺，位于”讲时则不同)活学活用
There was an oil painting________in the corner. It________there for several days.
A．laying; had laid　　B．lain; had laid
C．lying; had lain D．laid; had been lain
答案：C　句意为：在那个角落里有一张油画，它在那儿好几天了。第一空作定语修饰painting。可用两种形式：一是lying，是lie的现在分词，表示状态；二是laid，是lay(放置)的过去分词，与painting是被动关系。第二空只能填had lain, lain是lie表示“躺，位于”时的过去分词，没有被动形式。综合可知选C项。
6．participate vi.参加，参与
①He often participates in activities after class.
他经常参加课外活动。
②I participate in your suffering and joy.
我跟你同甘共苦。
温馨提示：participate通常与in连用
知识拓展
participate with sb. in sth.与某人分担……
participate in sth.＝take part in参加
participate in sth. with sb.同某人参与某事
participant n．参加者；共享者
participation n．参与；分担；共享 比较网站活学活用
(1)选词语并用其适当形式填空(participate in/take part in/attend/join/join in)．
①They all ________________ the competition.
②At the age of eight, he ________________ a group of child dancers.
③He didn't ________________ school yesterday because of his illness.
④Zhou Enlai ________________ the student movements actively when he was at school.
⑤The children ________________ the English evening and had a good time.
答案：①participated in　②joined　③attend　④took part in　⑤joined in(2)The students are ________ in a discussion on how to save water.
A．crowding B．participating
C．attending D．involving
答案：B　句意为“学生们正在参与一个关于怎样节水的讨论”。participate in sth.“参加某种活动”符合题意。crowd in“(想法、问题等)涌上心头，涌入脑海”，用idea等词作主语；attend“照顾，护理，出席，参加”是及物动词，其后不用介词；involve“牵涉，涉及，包括，使参与(卷入)……”，常用于被动语态。(3)I longed to have the opportunity of ________ your activities.
A．joining B．playing
C．participating in D．attending to
答案：C　考查动词辨析。join表示加入团体组织并成为其中一员；participate in指“参加活动”；attend表示“出席会议等”且不与to搭配。由句意“我十分渴望有机会参与你们的活动”可知，C项符合句意。7．otherwise conj.否则；不然　adv.用别的方法；其他方面；除此以外
①The collection is a good draw that brings visitors who might not come otherwise.
收藏很吸引人，不然就没这么多人来参观了。
②He says it's genuine, but we think otherwise.
他说这是真理，但我们不这样认为。
③The soup was cold, but it was otherwise an excellent meal.
除了汤是凉的以外，那顿饭菜是很好的。
温馨提示：otherwise常用在虚拟语气中，替代非真实条件句；另外“祈使句＋otherwise＋陈述句”句型也是高考的重点。如：
We were delayed at the airport. Otherwise we would have been here by lunch time.
我们在机场被耽搁了，不然的话我们午饭时就到了。活学活用
(1)These national parks are very important for preserving animals, which would ________ run the risk of becoming endangered.
A．instead B．therefore
C．nevertheless D．otherwise
答案：D　句意：这些国家公园对保护动物很重要，否则它们会有濒临灭绝的危险。therefore“因此”；nevertheless“不过，然而”。
(2)完成句子。
We don't know you were in trouble at that time, otherwise we ________ ________ ________(give) you a hand.
答案：would have given
8．privilege n．特权；特别优待
Education should be a universal right and not a privilege.
教育应是全民的权利而非部分人享有的特权。知识拓展
privilege vt.给予……的优惠/特权
privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的
It is a privilege to do sth.做某事是一种殊荣。
have the privilege to do/of doing sth.有特权做某事
I hope to have the privilege to work with you.
我希望有幸与你合作。
These policies privilege the children of wealthy parents.
这些政策特别优待富家子弟。活学活用
Only guests of the hotel enjoy the________of bowling on the 9th floor.
A．favor　　　　　 B．possibility
C．privilege D．advantage
答案：C　本题考查名词辨析。favor“喜爱，恩惠，帮助”；possibility“可能性”；privilege“特权，特别优待”；advantage“好处，优势”。句意为“只有本旅馆内的客人才享有在九楼打保龄球的特权。”由此可知，C项符合句意。
9．arrangement n．安排；排列
①The secretary has made the arrangement of the time and place for the meeting.
秘书为这次会议时间和地点做好了安排。
②We have finished all the arrangements for the party.
我们已经完成晚会的所有安排工作。知识拓展
come to an arrangement谈妥；达成协议
make arrangement for为……做好准备；为……做好安排
make arrangement with sb.与(某人)商定或约好，(和某人)达成协议；做好准备；做出安排
arrange v．安排，排列，协商
arrange(for sb./sth.)to do sth.安排(某人/某物)做某事
arrange with sb. to do sth.和某人商定做某事
活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
They had an________that the children would spend their holiday abroad.(arrange)
答案：arrangement
(2)—I hear that you will be on travel again.
—Yeah. My boss________for me to discuss business details with someone from another company.
A．asked　　　　　　 B．arranged
C．sent D．called
答案：B　arrange for sb. to do sth.“安排某人做某事”。其他三项均无此用法。1.hear from接到……的信
I look forward to hearing from her.
我盼望着收到她的信。知识拓展
hear about/of听说；听到；听到说起
hear that...听人说起……
hear sb. do sth.听到某人做了某事
hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事
I've never heard of anyone doing a thing like that.
我从来没听说有人会做这种事。
We often hear the couple quarrel. And this morning when I was passing by, I heard them quarreling again.
我们经常听到这对夫妇吵架，今天早上我路过时又再次听到他们吵架的声音。
温馨提示：hear from后面只能接表示人的名词或代词，不可接某人的信(letter)作宾语。“收到某人的信”可用get a letter from sb.来表示。
活学活用
(1)①Do you often ________ ________(收到来信) your brother?
②I have never ________ ________(听说) such a foolish person before.
答案：①hear from　②heard of/about
(2)I ________ yesterday who went to New York a month ago.
A．heard from my brother's letter
B．heard a letter from my brother
C．received from my brother
D．heard from my brother
答案：D　hear from“收到……来信”；其宾语是人而不是信。因此应选D项。
2．(be)dying to do极想；渴望
①I'm dying to chat with you online again.
我极想和你再次在网上聊天。
②The students are dying to know the result of the exam.
学生们正渴望知道考试结果。知识拓展
(1)be dying for/to do sth.极想/渴望(做)某事；迫切想要(做)某事
(2)同义表达还有：
be eager for/to do sth.
be thirsty for sth.
desire to do sth.
have a strong desire for sth.
long for/to do sth.She was dying/eager/thirsty for a holiday to relax herself.
她非常渴望一个假期来放松一下自己。
Out of curiosity, I'm eager to know the truth.
出于好奇，我渴望知道事情真相。
活学活用
(1)①Jerry ________ ________ ________(渴望) be a pianist.
②I'm so thirsty that I ________ ________ ________(渴望得到) a cup of tea.
答案：①is dying to　②am dying for
(2)Her husband was caught in the earthquake in Yunnan. She was ________ to hear about him.
A．dying B．agreeing
C．desiring D．deciding
答案：A　句意：她的丈夫在云南被困在地震中了。她极想知道他的消息。be dying to do sth.“极想/渴望做某事”。desire意为“渴望；渴求”后接动词不定式，不用进行时态。3．the other day不久前的一天
I saw Tom at the bank the other day.
几天前我在银行见到过汤姆。
知识拓展
one day(将来或过去的)某一天
some day(将来的)某一天
day by day一天天地，强调变化
day after day日复一日，强调重复
another day改天；另一天
by day白天里
One day I met a friend of mine in the street. He told me he would come to see me another day. So I have been expecting him day after day.
一天我在街上遇到了我的一个朋友，他告诉我改天再来看我。因此我就每天盼着他来。比较网站
the other day, one day, some day, another day活学活用
(1)________ the researchers caught a special seal in the sea near the Antarctic; however, they were not aware of how old it was.
A．The other day B．Some day
C．On yesterday D．Day by day
答案：A　the other day“不久前的一天”，指过去的某一天，用于一般过去时态。A项合乎题意。some day“将来有一天”，只能用于将来时。yesterday不需要介词。day by day“一天天地”，强调逐渐变化。句意：“前几天，调查者在靠近南极的海里捕捉到一只特殊的海豹；然而，他们不知道它多大了”。由此可知A项正确。
(2)—What about going to the cinema this weekend?
—I'd love to, but I have a lot to deal with. Let's make it________.
A．the other day　　 B．another day
C．one day D．some day
答案：B　句意为：——“这周末去看电影怎样？”——“我想去，但有很多事情要处理，改天吧。”another day“改天”，符合语境。故选B项。
4．come across偶然遇见；被理解
I came across an American on the way home, whose words did not really come across.
我在回家的路上偶然遇见一个美国人，但他的话我没能真正理解。知识拓展
come about产生；发生
come out出版；出来；开花(无被动)
come to达到
come into being产生；形成
how come怎么会
I don't know how the differences came about.
我不知道这种差异是如何产生的。
If she spent five years in Paris, how come she can't speak a word of French?
她如果在巴黎待了五年，怎么一句法语都不会说呢？活学活用
(1)The book which ________ at the end of last year turned out to be a great success in Shanghai.
A．came about B．came up
C．came out D．came across
答案：C　本题考查come短语辨析。come about“产生，发生”；come up“上来，走近，被提出”；come out“出版，出来，开花”；come across“偶然遇到，被理解”。句意为“去年年底出版的这本书在上海取得极大的成功”。由此可知，C项符合题意。
(2)—Alvin, are you coming with us?
—I'd love to, but something unexpected ________.
A. has come up B. was coming up
C. had come up D. would come up
答案：A　本题考查动词时态。句意：——“艾维，你和我们一起走么？”——“我想去，但出现了未预料到的事情。”现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成了影响。此处表示未预料到的事情发生了，使得我不能走，故A项正确。5．make a difference产生差别，有影响，起重要作用
Your support will certainly make a difference in our cause.
你们的支持对我们的事业肯定是有影响的。
比较网站
make no/a little/much/some difference没有/有一点/有很大/有一些差别
make a difference between区分……
tell the difference between分辨……的差别
The rain didn't make much difference to the game.
这场雨对比赛没多大影响。
It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not.
不管他去或是不去，对我都没有影响。
Does it make any difference which side will win?
哪边赢有关系吗？
温馨提示：注意difference前常用a, some, little, much, no, any等修饰。活学活用
(1)①这场雪对他打篮球没多大影响。
The snow didn't ________ ________ ________ to his playing basketball.
②你是去是留对我来说都无所谓。
It ________ ________ ________ to me whether you go or stay.
答案：①make much difference　②makes no difference
(2)Does it ________ any difference whether we leave at 9?00 or at 10?00?
A．tell B．be
C．give D．make
答案：D　考查固定搭配。句意：我们是9点还是10点离开会有什么影响吗？make some difference“有影响”。
6．dry out(使浸水等之物)完全变干，干透
①We waited for our wet clothes to dry out.
我们等着我们的湿衣服晾干。
②Don't leave the vegetable on the table, or it will dry out.
不要把蔬菜放在桌子上，否则它会变干的。
知识拓展
dry up(河流、井等)干涸
dry off(使)变干
The pond dried up in the summer.
那个池塘在夏天干涸了。
The swimmer dried off in the hot sun.
游泳的人在烈日下晒干身体。比较网站
dry out，dry up图解助记
活学活用
(1)用适当的介词或副词填空
①The paint should have dried ________ by this time tomorrow.
②His imagination seems to have dried ________.
答案：①out　②up
(2)Water the plant regularly, never letting the soil______.
A．dry up　　　　　 B．to dry up
C．dry out D．to dry out
答案：C　let后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，故排除B、D两项。dry out“完全变干，干透”；dry up“(井等)干涸”。句意为：经常给植物浇水，别让土壤干透了。由句意可知选C项。
(3)When almost all of the rivers in Yunnan Province______， the soldiers went to help the farmers.
A．cut up B．dried up
C．called up D．picked up
答案：B　句意为“当云南省几乎所有的河流干涸的时候，战士们去援助农民们”。dry up“(指河流、井等)干涸”符合题意。cut up“切碎”；call up“给……打电话”；pick up“捡起”。1.Well, it's a bush school—the classrooms are made of bamboo and the roofs of grass.
它是一所丛林学校——教室是用竹子搭起来的，屋顶是用茅草盖的。
(1)本句是一个简单句，破折号后面的内容起解释说明作用。roofs与of grass之间省略了are made。
(2)句中的be made of意为“由……制成”(能够直接看出原材料)。如：
The table is made of wood.
这桌子是用木头做的。
The overcoat is made of leather.
这件大衣是用皮革做的。知识拓展
(1)be made from由……制成(无法看出原材料)。如：
Wine is made from grapes.
葡萄酒是用葡萄酿制的。
(2)be made in表示“在……地方制造”。如：
He bought his wife a skirt in America, but when he got home, he found that it was made in China.
他在美国给妻子买了条裙子，但回家后他发现裙子是在中国制造的。(3)be made into是make...into的被动形式，表示“被制成……”。如：
We're making our attic into an extra bedroom.
我们正在把阁楼改装成一间额外的卧室。
(4)be made up of由……组成，相当于consist of。如：
The medical team is made up of ten doctors.
这支医疗队由10位大夫组成。
(5)be made by由……制作(by后接制造者)
(6)be made out of由……制成；用……改制而成活学活用
(1)汉译英
①他很快地就用这些木材造出一条船。
______________________________________________
②长城是由石头和砖头砌成的
______________________________________________
答案：①He made the wood into a boat quickly.
②The Great Wall is made of stones and bricks.
(2)Nowadays furniture________of wood costs more than that of other materials.
A．making　　　 B．is made
C．made D．are made
答案：C　句意为：现今木制家具比其他材料的家具贵。过去分词短语made of...在此作后置定语。
2．The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere!
有一天，我正在给男孩子们做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没明白怎么回事，混合剂就到处冒泡了！(1)when是并列连词，连接两个并列分句。before I knew it是时间状语。本句为“was/were doing＋when＋一般过去时”句式，意为“正在做……就在这时……”；when为并列连词，意为“正在这时”。
①I was doing my homework when my mother came back home.
当妈妈回家的时候我正在写作业。
②The children were playing football on the playground when it began to rain.
孩子们正在操场上踢足球，这时下起了雨。知识拓展
be about to do...when...(某人)正要做……这时(突然)……　如：
I was about to go out when Tom came in.
我正要出去，这时汤姆进来了。
(2)本句中before用作连词，意思是“在……之前；还没来得及……就……”。如：
Don't count your chickens before they are hatched.
不要高兴得过早。(如意算盘别打得太早。)
Before she could move, she heard a great noise, which grew to a terrible roar.
她还没来得及动弹，就听见有很响的声音，接着就成了可怕的隆隆轰鸣声。
Before I could say a word, she had stormed out of the room.
不等我说一句话，她就冲出了房间。before还可以用于：
①It＋be＋时间段＋before...句型中，意思是“在……之后才……”。如：
It will be five years before I come back.
我五年后才能回来。
It was not long before the enemy was driven out of their country.
不久之后，敌人就被赶走了。②如果主句中用否定式，则表示“不多久……就……”。如：
It won't be long before they understand each other.
他们不久就会互相了解的。
③还有“趁……(还没有)”之意。如：
They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up.
他们正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。
Do it before you forget it.
趁早动手，以免忘了。
活学活用
(1)汉译英
我正在弹钢琴时，电话铃响了。
______________________________________________
答案：I was playing the piano when the telephone rang.
(2)One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away ________ my daughter heard cries for help.
A．after B．while
C．since D．when
答案：D　考查时间状语从句。句意：有个星期五，我们正收拾行囊准备外出度周末时，突然间女儿听到了求救声。“was/were doing... when...”为固定句式，表示“正在做……时突然……”，所以D项正确。
(3)The girl had hardly rung the bell________the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.
A．before B．until
C．as D．since
答案：A　考查连词。根据“rung the bell”和“the door was opened”的发生先后，可以得出答案。句意为：女孩还没来得及按门铃，门就突然打开了。她的朋友们一拥而上去欢迎她。
(4)(2013·湖南·23)You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason ________ you reach any decision.
A．although B．before
C．because D．unless
答案：B　考查连词的用法。句意：在你做出决定之前，你必须学会考虑清楚自己的感受和原因。before“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。
3．Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.
有时候，我真想知道，化学对这些学生们究竟有多大的用处，他们中的大多数人上完八年级以后就要回到他们的村庄去了。本句是一个复合句，wonder后跟的是how引导的宾语从句。most of whom引导的非限制性定语从句修饰students, most of whom是“名词/代词/数词＋of＋关系代词”结构，在语意上相当于most of them。如：
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, the price of which was very reasonable.
最近我买了一个古老的中国花瓶，它的价格很合理。
She has two sons, both of whom are serving in the army.
她有两个儿子，都在部队服役。
There're sixty students in my class, 80% of whom are from the mountain villages.
我的班里有60位学生，80%来自山村。
活学活用
(1)(2013·浙江·5)I ________ myself more—it was a perfect day.
A．shouldn't have enjoyed
B．mustn't have enjoyed
C．wouldn't have enjoyed
D．couldn't have enjoyed
答案：D　本题考查“情态动词＋have done”。句意：我从未能玩得这么高兴过——完美的一天。A项shouldn't have done表示“本不应该干某事而事实上已经干了”；B项needn't have done表示“本没有必要干某事而事实上已经干了”；C项wouldn't have done只用于虚拟语气；D项couldn't have done “不可能干过”，此处又用not more构成肯定的含义，意为“没能比这更高兴过”。所以正确答案为D。
(2)补全句子
The old couple have two children, ________________(两个孩子都不)able to come to see them when they feel lonely, however.
答案：neither of whom is4．To be honest, I doubt whether I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all.
说实在的，我真的不知道我(教的课)是否会让这些孩子的生活有所改变。
句中to be honest是不定式作插入语，表示“说实在的”。如：
To be honest, I don't agree with you.
说实话，我不同意你所说的。
知识拓展
用作插入语的不定式常见的有：
to tell the truth老实说
to be brief简言之
to be exact确切地说
to be frank坦率地说
to be sure肯定地说活学活用
________， the pay isn't attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting.
A．Generally speaking B．On the contrary
C．In particular D．To be honest
答案：D　句意为：说实话，虽然工作本身很有趣，但报酬不是很吸引人。generally speaking“一般说来”；on the contrary“相反”；in particular“特别，尤其”；to be honest“说实话”。故D项正确。5．You asked whether I'm getting to know any local people.
你问我是否了解当地的老百姓。
“get to＋喜好/认识”，表示渐变的过程。如：
①I got to realize how important the happy life was as I grew older.
随着年龄的增长，我逐渐意识到幸福生活的重要性。
②I got to like the flat we were going to move in.
我逐渐地喜欢上我们即将搬进去的公寓。
③He got to know why his granny kept the photo so carefully.
他渐渐地知道了他奶奶那么小心地保存这张相片的原因了。活学活用
汉译英
莎莉逐渐意识到她母亲为她做的一切。
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
答案：Sally got to realize what her mother did for her.
6．But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe.
不过，上周末我和另外一位叫詹妮的教师真的去访问了一个村庄，那是我的学生汤贝的家。
did在句中起强调作用，表示“的确；确实”。英语中，如果需要强调谓语，常用助动词do, does或did置于谓语动词之前，此时谓语动词要用原形。“do/does/did＋动词原形”这种强调句中只有一般现在时和一般过去时，且只对肯定的谓语动词进行强调，没有否定式和疑问式。do在句中要重读。注意在祈使句中使用时，往往不表示命令，而表示强烈的请求，有时表达更加客气的语气。如：Do be careful！千万要小心！
Do come on Sunday.务必星期天来。
I do hope you have a merry Christmas!
衷心祝福你圣诞快乐！
He does speak English well.
他英语说得确实很好。
They did go to see you yesterday, but failed to meet you.
他们昨天的确去看过你，但没见到你。活学活用
If you have a job, ________yourself to it and finally you'll succeed.
A．do devote　　　　 B．don't devote
C．devoting D．not devoting
答案：A　考查谓语动词的强调及“祈使句＋and＋将来时句子”的固定搭配。此处应是祈使句，又有谓语动词的强调要借助助动词do，故选A项。句意为：“如果你有了一份工作，一定要付出努力去做它，最后你将成功。”
7．We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.
我们走了两个半小时到那儿。先爬到山脊，在那儿我们欣赏了优美的风景，然后下了一个陡坡到了下面的山谷。(2)句中的from where we had fantastic views为定语从句，引导词为from where，为“介词＋关系副词”结构，相当于from the place where。此结构中的where根据情况可换为when。该结构中的介词可用from，to，since等。
①I have bought that house, from where I can enjoy the beautiful scene of Yangpu Bridge.
我买下了那栋房子，从房子那可以欣赏到杨浦大桥的美景。
②Our family came to Shenzhen and settled in 1985，since when we have lived there.
我们家1985年来到深圳定居，从此我们一直住在那儿。活学活用
完成句子
(1)我们爬上层顶，从那儿可以很好地欣赏城市美景。
We went up to the roof, ________ ________ we had a good view of the city.
(2)我们一星期前来到这里，从那时起天气一直不好。
We came a week ago, ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：(1)from where　(2)since when the weather has been bad
8．When we arrived at the village, Tombe's mother, Kiak, who had been pulling weeds in her garden, started crying “ieee ieee”．
当我们到达村庄的时候，汤贝的母亲齐亚克本来在园子里拔草。看到我们就“嗳矣，嗳矣”地叫了起来。本句中when引导一个时间状语从句；who引导非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰Tombe's mother, Kiak。had been pulling...是过去完成进行时，其构成是“had been＋现在分词(doing)”，表示在过去某时或者某个动作之前一直进行的动作，暗示该动作持续到过去某时或过去某个动作发生时，且还可能持续下去。句中常含有by引出的时间状语、before或when引导的从句(从句用一般过去时)、表示一段时间的状语(如for hours, all day)等。如：
Before you came here, I had been painting the living room all day.
在你来这里之前，我一整天都在粉刷起居室。
It had been raining for two days. The fields were all under water.
雨一直下了两天，田地全被淹了。
Nobody knew what this fellow had been doing all these days.
没人知道这个家伙这些天一直在干什么。
活学活用
(1)(2013·福建·26)The girl has a great interest in sport and ________ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.
A．took B．is taking
C．takes D．has been taking
答案：D　本题考查时态用法。由over the last three years可知应选D项。(2)They________on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we________it as no good results have come out so far.
A．had been working; are still working
B．had worked; were still working
C．have been working; have worked
D．have worked; are still working
答案：A　第一空用过去完成进行时表示在我加入他们之前，他们就一直在从事这个项目的研究；第二空用现在进行时表示正在进行的动作。9．There were no windows and the doorway was just big enough to get through.
这里没有窗户，房门只够一个人进出。
big enough to get through“是adj./adv.＋enough＋to do”结构。enough修饰名词时，可放在该名词前面，也可放在该名词后面。如：
The ice is hard enough to skate on.
冰足够坚硬，可以在上面滑冰。
He didn't run fast enough to catch the train.
他跑得不够快，没赶上火车。
We have enough food(food enough)for everyone.
我们有足够的食物供大家吃。活学活用
We only had $100 and that was______to buy a new computer.
A．nowhere near enough
B．near enough nowhere
C．enough near nowhere
D．near nowhere enough
答案：A　考查副词用法。nowhere near是固定短语，意思是“差得远；远不及”，相当于一个形容词，enough作副词用，修饰形容词或副词时，应该放在被修饰词的后面。句意为：我们只有100美元，它怎么也不够买一台新电脑的。
10．When hot, he placed them in an empty oil drum with kau kau(sweet potato), corn and greens.
待(石块)烧热之后，他把它们连同考考(红薯)、玉米和青菜一起放进一个空的油桶中。
(1)When hot是承前省略，完整的句子应是：
When the stones were hot...(2)状语从句的省略原则：
一般情况下，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，且有系动词be时，可以省略从句的主语和系动词be。
①When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the piano.
她很小的时候，就开始学习弹钢琴。
②If (it is) true, this will cause us a lot of trouble.
如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。巧学助记
状语从句省略口诀
省略句，真容易，符合两条就可以；
从句谓语含有be，两句主语一样的；
从句若有it be，照样省去不迟疑；
选择-ed或-ing，主动被动变仔细。活学活用
(1)(2013·江西·34)If ________ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A．asked B．to ask
C．asking D．having asked
答案：A　考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果被要求给别人看管行李，要立刻通知警察。分析句子结构可知，此处考查if条件状语从句的省略，主句为祈使句，if从句主语为you，后面有for someone else，所以，从句完整形式为if (you are) asked to look after luggage for someone else, A项正确。
(2)用省略句补全下列句子。
①________ ________(离开前)，turn off all the lights.
②You should stay where you are, ________ ________ ________ ________(除非叫你离开)．
答案：①Before leaving　②unless asked to leave11．I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language, even though I could not participate in the conversation.
他们家里人轻声细语地用自己的语言在交谈，我很喜欢听他们的谈话，尽管我不能加入他们的谈话。
句中的even though引导一个让步状语从句。主句为前面的I loved listening to...，其中动名词短语listening to...作宾语，后面的现在分词短语talking to each other作宾语补足语。提示：even though(if)引导的让步状语从句，其主从句谓语可以用陈述语气说明事实或可能成为事实，也可以用虚拟语气说明与事实相反情况或不可能成为事实的情况。如：
Even though Bruce gets accepted to Harvard, his family isn't able to afford the expensive tuition.
即使布鲁斯被哈佛大学录取，他家也付不起那昂贵的学费。
Even though the poisoned man had been treated in the hospital, he wouldn't have been saved.
即使那个中毒的人在医院得到治疗，他也不会被救活。
活学活用
(1)(2013·四川·7)He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son ________ he wants to.
A．even if B．as if
C．because D．before
答案：A　本题考查连词的用法。even if即使。
(2)Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ______they knew it to be valuable.
A．as if　　　　　　 B．now that
C．even though D．so that
答案：C　as if“似乎，好像，仿佛”；now that“由于，既然”；even though“即使”；so that“以便”；根据句意分析可知这里应该表示“即使，尽管”，因此答案选C项。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The secretary has made the ________(安排) of a time and place.
2．They built a(n) ________(平台) in the trees from which they could watch the animals unobserved.
3．As usual, he stood his ________(扫帚) behind the door after he finished cleaning the room.
4．The farmhouse is ________(遥远的) from any other building.5．These facts are ________(有关的) to the case.
6．He didn't ________(参加) in the game as a result of his illness.
7．Education is a ________(特权) in many countries.
8．Seize the chance, ________(否则) you will regret it.
9．________(文书工作)consumed much of the committee's time.
10．All the ________(剩饭)ought to be warmed up before eating.
答案：1.arrangement　2.platform　3.broom　4.remote　5.relevant　6.participate　7.privilege　8.otherwise　9.Paperwork　10.leftoversⅡ.用适当的介词或副词填空
1．She continued to care for her father ________ to the time of his death.
2．If you have time, pay a visit ________ the local museum.
3．I tried to lead the discussion back ________ the main issue.
4．________ exams approaching, it's a good idea to review your class notes.
5．He had to buy a new sofa for his son to sleep ________.6．Bob told Jess he wanted to share his life ________ her.
7．Some animals have a remarkable ability to adapt ________ changing environments.
8．Community schools provide good quality education______children who would________have no opportunity to attend school.
9．You can use the cars ________any special occasion.
10．Walking is beneficial________our health.
答案：1.up　2.to　3.to　4.With　5.on　6.with　7.to　8.for; otherwise　9.for　10.to
Ⅲ.选词填空
the other day，participate in，be dying to，adjust oneself to，hear from
1．It was three months later that we ________ Mrs Green.
2．The girl ________ to go to Australia but her parents didn't allow her to.
3．I'm sorry to say that I lost the MP4 you had lent me ________.
4．Whoever ________ himself quickly ________ the new situations will make rapid progress.
5．The children are encouraged to ________ outdoor activities.
答案：1.hear from　2.was dying to　3.the other day　4.adjusts；to　5.participate inUnit 4　 Section Ⅱ
Ⅰ.选择适当的关系代词或关系副词填空

1．Please pass me the book ________ is lying on the table.
2．We shouldn't spend our money testing so many people, most of ________ are healthy.
3．There is a gentleman ________ wants to see you.
4．This is the room in ________ we lived last year.
5．The reason ________ we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.
6．I'll never forget the day ________ the terrible earthquake happened.
7．This is the only chance ________ he can catch to make a change.
8．She is the only one ________ advice he might listen to.
9．A stone was put up over the place ________ he was buried.
10．We are facing the same problems ________ we did years ago.
答案：1.that/which　2.whom　3.who　4.which　5.why　6.when　7.that　8.whose　9.where　10.as
Ⅱ.用限制性定语从句连接两个句子
1．I invited the boys. Some of the boys didn't come.
________________________________________________________________________
2．We are living in an age. Many things are done on computers in the age.
________________________________________________________________________
3．A modern city has been set up in the place. The place was a wasteland ten years ago.
________________________________________________________________________
4．Working conditions are difficult in the place. I'd like to go there.
________________________________________________________________________
5．He often helps the students. He thinks they are not quick at their studies.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1.Some of the boys whom/who/that I invited didn't come. 或I invited the boys, some of whom didn't come.
2．We are living in an age when many things are done on computers.
3．A modern city has been set up in the place which was a wasteland ten years ago.
4．I'd like to go to the place where working conditions are difficult.
5．He often helps the students who he thinks are not quick at their studies.
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．—You failed your English exam again.
—________？
A．What if B．What about
C．What D．So what
答案：D　句意为：——“你英语考试又没及格。”——“那又怎样？”what if“如果……会怎么样？”；so what“……那又如何？”。由句意可知D项正确。
2．After graduation she reached a point in her career ________ she needed to decide what to do.
A．that B．what
C．which D．where
答案：D　句意为“毕业后她走到了一个由她决定做什么的人生转折点”。a point在句中作先行词，表示抽象的地点。a point在从句中作地点状语，故选用where。
3．The picture of the river brought the hours back to the old man ________ he worked as a soldier.
A．where B．that
C．who D．when
答案：D　句意为“这条河的照片让这位老人想起了他当兵的时候”。先行词the hours和从句分开，引导词在从句中作时间状语，所以D项正确。
4．Luckily, we'd brought a road map without ________ we would have lost our way.
A．it B．that
C．this D．which
答案：D　“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。句意为“幸运的是，我们买了一张道路地图，没有它，我们会迷路的”。which引导定语从句，which指代the road map。it和this不能引导定语从句。前有介词without不能用that引导。
5．I have many friends ________ some are foreign teachers.
A．of them B．from which
C．who of D. of whom
答案：D　“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。从题干可知，从句的先行词是many friends，指人，排除B项，A项不能引导定语从句。C项本身错误。故选D项。
6．If a shop has chairs ________ women can have their man rest，women will spend more time in the shop.
A．that B．which
C．when D．where
答案：D　定语从句的先行词是“chairs”，关系副词where引导定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，故选用D项。句意为“如果商店里有椅子让男士休息，女士会花更多的时间逛商店”。
7．The letter is from his daughter ________ is studying in a middle school.
A．who B．which
C．she D．whom
答案：A　根据从句的内容可判断出先行词是his daughter，用who引导定语从句，who在从句中作主语。whom在从句中作宾语。
8．Is this the factory ________ you visited last Friday?
A．which B．where
C．one D．it
答案：A　句意为“这就是你上星期五参观的那个工厂吗？”this是句子的主语，is是系动词，the factory是表语，which引导定语从句修饰factory，且在从句中作visited的宾语。
9．All ________ is a large quantity of food and gas.
A．what is needed B．they are needed
C．which is needed D．that is needed
答案：D　句意为“所需要的是大量的食物和汽油”。修饰all，everything等不定代词时，用that而不用which引导定语从句，what不能引导定语从句。如果没有all，则选A项。
10．This is the very house ________ I lived in 5 years ago.
A．which B．that
C．as D．where
答案：B　句意为“这就是我5年前住过的房子。”当先行词被the only，the very等修饰时，用that而不用which引导定语从句，that作介词in的宾语，修饰the house。
Ⅳ.完形填空
On May 27th, 1995, our life was suddenly changed. It happened a few minutes past three, __1__my husband, Chris, fell from his horse as it__2__over a fence. Chris was paralyzed(瘫痪)from the chest down, __3__to breathe normally. As he was thrown from his horse，we entered into a life of__4__with lots of unexpected challenges. We went from the “haves”to the “have-nots”. Or so we thought.
__5__what we discovered later were all the gifts that came out of__6__difficulties. We came to learn that something__7__could happen in a disaster. All over the world people__8__Chris so much that letters and postcards poured in every day. By the end of the third week in a __9__center in Virginia, about 35 000 pieces of __10__had been received and sorted.
As __11__， we opened letter after letter. They gave us__12__and became a source of strength for us. We used them to__13__ourselves. I would go to the pile of letters marked with “Funny” if we needed a__14__， or to the “Disabled”box to find advice from people in wheelchairs or__15__in bed living happily and__16__.
These letters, we realized, had to be shared. And so __17__we offer one of them to you.
Dear Chris，
My husband and I were so sorry to hear of your__18__accident last week. No doubt your family and your friends are giving you the strength to face this__19__challenge. People everywhere are also giving you best wishes every day and we are among those who are keeping you__20__.
...
Yours Sincerely，
Nancy Reagan
1．A.since　　　　　　　　 B．before
C．when D．while
答案：C　when“当……的时候”，表示动作紧接着发生。while强调动作同时发生，一般延续时间较长。从马上摔下来时间较短，不能用while。
2．A.walked B．climbed
C．pulled D．jumped
答案：D　jump“跳”。根据宾语a fence可确定答案。
3．A.able B．unable
C．suitable D．unsuitable
答案：B　unable“不能”。从上文的paralyzed可以看出，由于克里斯从马上摔下来，从胸部以下高位截瘫，所以不能正常呼吸。
4．A.disability B．possession
C．convenience D．experience
答案：A　因为丈夫的瘫痪导致面对充满意想不到的挑战的生活时无能为力。
5．A.So B．For
C．Or D．Yet
答案：D　yet“然而”。上文讲述了由于克里斯从马上摔下来，使他们的生活充满了意想不到的挑战，下文讲述了正是这些挑战使作者一家学到了很多东西。两段之间是转折关系。
6．A.sharing B．separating
C．fearing D．exploiting
答案：A　share“共同承担”。由于共同承担遇到的困难而使这种磨难成了“礼物”。
7．A.terrible B．similar
C．wonderful D．practical
答案：C　wonderful“奇妙的”。根据上文的gifts可判断出作者从生活的磨难中找到了奇妙的东西。
8．A.wrote for B．cared for
C．hoped for D．sent for
答案：B　从下文“letters and postcards poured in every day”可以看出人们都在关心着克里斯。
9．A.medical B．postal
C．experimental D．mental
答案：A　medical“医疗的”。根据上文克里斯瘫痪了这件事可判断出这是在医疗所。
10．A.news B．paper
C．equipment D．mail
答案：D　mail“邮件”。根据上文的letters and postcards可判断出答案。他们收到了约35,000封邮件。
11．A.patients B．a family
C．nurses D．a group
答案：B　从这句话的主语we可以看出，全家人一起把一封又一封的信打开。
12．A.effect B．effort
C．comfort D．explanation
答案：C　comfort“安慰”。因为克里斯瘫痪了，他们全家人受到了磨难，大家都来安慰他们。
13．A.encourage B．express
C．control D．treat
答案：A　encourage“鼓励，鼓舞”。大家的关心和安慰给了克里斯一家很大的鼓舞。
14．A.cry B．laugh
C．that D．sigh
答案：B　根据上文的Funny可判断出当作者一家需要“大笑”时，就去阅读标有“Funny”的信件，寻求笑料。
15．A.much B．never
C．even D．seldom
答案：C　even“甚至”。even在这里表示情况更糟糕。借助于轮椅生活的人还可以活动，卧床不起的人情况更加严重。
16．A.bitterly B．fairly
C．weakly D．successfully
答案：D　在选项中能与happily相对应的只有successfully“成功地”。作者到标有“Disabled”的信件中寻找那些坐在轮椅里或者甚至卧床不起却生活得幸福和成功的人们的建议。
17．A.here B．there
C．therefore D．forward
答案：A　here“在这里”。指在这篇短文里，作者提供可共享的信件。
18．A.driving B．flying
C．running D．riding
答案：D　根据上文“fell from his horse”可判断出这里说的是骑马造成的事故。
19．A.technical B．different
C．difficult D．valuable
答案：C　difficult challenge“困难的挑战”。由于瘫痪使生活充满困难。
20．A.nearby B．close
C．busy D．alive
答案：B　“...who are keeping you close”(与你心心相印，亲密无间)最能体现来信人的友情和关爱。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Amber has a degree in business management and economics. She put her skills to good use when she spent eleven months in Cambodia (柬埔寨) through World Hope International as a volunteer working with a local micro-finance (小额信贷) company to help the poor get financial services.
Amber's first few weeks in Cambodia was busy and difficult as she tried to learn the language, understand the culture and get used to her new surroundings. Her volunteer service involved working with a local micro-finance company. In addition to writing plans, preparing international marketing materials and building donor(捐赠人) relations, Amber met with company clients. During these visits she learned how the small loans they received transformed their lives. She learned first-hand the benefits of micro-finance, which by providing farmers and small business owners with affordable working capital (such as money to buy a sewing machine) helped them to earn their way out of poverty(贫穷)．
“It never stopped amazing me when a client would show me a new home that was built because of a loan he received or the way a client's business had improved and thus allowed his children to be sent to school，” Amber said.
Amber recalled that one client called Paul walked her all around his house, pointing to what he had done with each of eight loans he'd received. He explained how every loan had improved his family's quality of life. Amber said he was one of the hardest-working men she had ever met. He had suffered greatly in the Cambodian Civil War and became disabled, but not once did he let it kill his dreams of realizing a better life for his family. His latest purchase, a sound system that he rented out for weddings and other parties doubled his income!
Amber said, “Living and working in Cambodia helped me see the world in new ways and made me aware of the hardship and suffering that many people around the world face every day. Those eleven months were some of the most meaningful months of my life.”
1．What's the best title for this passage?
A．World Hope International
B．Benefits of Micro-finance
C．Amber's Volunteer Experience in Cambodia
D．Poverty in Developing Countries
答案：C　主旨大意题。通读全文，本文主要介绍了Amber在柬埔寨的志愿者经历。
2．Amber's volunteer work in Cambodia included all of the following things EXCEPT ________.
A．teaching the language
B．meeting with company clients
C．writing plans
D．building donor relations
答案：A　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“In addition to writing plans, preparing international marketing materials and building donor relations, Amber met with company clients.”可知，文章没有提到Amber教当地人语言。事实是她本人需要克服困难学习语言，因此A项不符合文意，故选A。
3．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．Amber met with no difficulties after she arrived in Cambodia
B．Amber is the leader of World Hope International
C．few children go to school because there aren't enough schools in Cambodia
D．many local people in Cambodia changed their lives with the loans
答案：D　推理判断题。根据第二段第四句中“how the small loans they received transformed their lives”和第三段内容可知，小额信贷项目让很多人受益，改变了他们的生活。
4．After living and working in Cambodia as a volunteer, Amber ________.
A．planned to travel to more countries
B．changed her view of the world
C．decided to be a lifelong volunteer
D．became aware of how happy her life was
答案：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“helped me see the world in new ways”可知，Amberd在柬埔寨的志愿者经历改变了她对世界的看法。
课件56张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 选修7 （通用本）SharingUnit4　1.1.1　集合的概念Section Ⅱ　
Learning about Language1.1.1　集合的概念Unit 4Ⅰ.词汇过关
1．________n．烤面包片；干杯→________v．烤(面包等)；敬酒
2．________v．完成→___________adv.完全地
Ⅱ.短语自查
1．要是……，会怎样？____________
2．找到，发现____________toast toast complete completely What if...？ find out
Ⅲ.语法练习
用适当的关系词填空
1．Thanks for your letter, ________took a fortnight to arrive.
2．The boys________had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows.
3．I've read all the books________are not mine.
4．The man________I spoke to was a foreigner.
5．She lost the book________cover was blue.6．The school________he once studied is very famous.
7．Is this the reason________he refused our offer?
8．There are occasions________one must yield.
9．They need a plant________didn't need as much water as rice.
10．Shandong is the place in________I was born.
答案：1.which　2.who/that　3.that　4.who/whom/that　5.whose　6.where　7.why　8.when　9.that/which
10．whichtoast vt.烤(面包等)；敬酒　n．烤面包片；吐司面包；干杯
①Please toast the bread please.
请把面包烤一下。
②The wedding guests toasted the bride and bridegroom.
婚礼客人向新娘和新郎敬酒。
③He is eating a piece of toast.
他在吃烤面包。
④Let's drink a toast to the newly elected chairman!
让我们为新当选的主席干杯！
知识拓展
toast sb./sth.为……干杯
two slices of toast两片烤面包
drink a toast to sb./sth.为某人/某事干杯活学活用
Ladies and gentlemen, I'd like to propose a toast ________ the bride and the groom.
A．for　　 B．with
C．in D．to
答案：D　句意：女士们、先生们，我提议为新娘新郎干杯。propose a toast to sb.意为“提议为某人干杯”。这种表达方式用于较正式的场合。She see him again but what if he didn't want to see her?
她又看到他，但是，如果他不想见她怎么办？
what if如果……，会怎么样呢？表示一种条件假设。
What if you should fail?
假如你失败了该怎么办呢？
What if the earthquake happens?
如果发生地震怎么办？
知识拓展
what for为何目的？
So what那又怎样？那有什么了不起？
—I hear you have just got a new car.
——我听说你刚买了辆新车。
—So what?
——那又怎么样？
活学活用
(1)(2013·天津·4)—Mary's been offered a job in a university, but she doesn't want to take it.
—________？ It's a very good chance.
A．Guess what B．So what
C．Who cares D．But why
答案：D　本题考查情景对话。——“玛丽得到一份在大学的工作，但她不想接。”由下句——“________？那是个好机会啊。”可知是不理解她的选择，故问“为什么(不想接)”，选D项But why？而Gusset what？“你猜怎么着？”常用来表示对某事的惊奇与兴奋；so what？“那又怎样”，暗指没什么了不起的；who cares.“谁在乎啊”，表示不关心。(2)—________if I fail to return the books on time?
—They won't lend you the books again.
A．What　　　　　　 B．Where
C．Who D．How
答案：A　what if为固定搭配，意思是“如果……，会怎么样呢？”，相当于What will happen if...。句意为：——“如果逾期不还书的话会怎么样？”——“他们不会再借给你书。”A项合乎题意。B、C、D三项均不能够构成此意。复习定语从句
Ⅰ.概念
1．定语从句：在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，叫做先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词，叫做关系词。关系词分为关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose, as等)和关系副词(when, where, why等)两类。关系词通常有三个作用：
①连接定语从句；②指代先行词；③在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。
4．定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。Ⅱ.关系代词的基本用法
1．that的用法
that既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。
She is the girl(that)you want to know.(作宾语，指人)
她是你想认识的女孩。
Do you like the book(that)you borrowed yesterday？(作宾语，指物)
你喜欢你昨天借的那本书吗？
This is the factory that produces cars.(作主语，指物)
这是制造小汽车的工厂。典题赏析
(1)(2013·陕西·13)Let those in need ________ that we will go all out to help them.
A．to understand B．understand
C．understanding D．understood
答案：B　本题考查非谓语动词。句意：让那些困境中的人们理解我们会尽全力帮助他们的。Let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事。”“三让”let、have、make表示“让某人做某事”时后面要接不带to的不定式做宾补。故选B。2．which的用法
which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。
A chemist's shop is a shop which sells medicine.(which作主语)
药店是卖药的商店。
The building which they are building will be finished next month.(作宾语)
他们正在建的大楼下月将完成。典题赏析
(2)(2014·重庆·9)We'll reach the sales targets in a month ________ we set at the beginning of the year.
A．which B．where
C．when D．what
答案：A 　本题考查定语从句。句意：我们将在一个月内实现我们今年初定下的销售目标。先行词为the sales targets在定语从句中充当动词set的宾语，需用which/that/不填， where、when在定语从句中只能充当状语；what不能引导定语从句。故A项正确。(3)(2013·江苏·32)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, ________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.
A．where B．which
C．what D．when
答案：B　考查定语从句。句意：世界银行行长说他非常喜爱中国，他记得这早在他的童年时代就开始了。分析句子成分：逗号前为主句，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词在定语从句中作了remember的宾语，用which来引导定语从句。故选B。
3．who的用法
who指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。
The man who is talking to our teacher is Tom's brother.(作主语)
正同我们老师谈话的人是汤姆的兄弟。
典题赏析
(4)(2013·湖南·21)Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
A．whom B．who
C．what D．which
答案：B　考查定语从句引导词。句意：快乐与成功会伴随那些对自己的能力有很多认识的人们。先行词those指人，定语从句又缺少主语，所以用who。
4．whom的用法
whom指人，是who的宾格形式，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略，在口语中可用who或that代替。
The lady whom you are looking for is in the office.(作宾语)
你在找的女士在办公室里。典题赏析
(5)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of________left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A．whom B．which
C．them D．those
答案：A　句意：这个住宅区是将近一千人的家园，他们当中一些人离开他们农村的家到城市里寻找一种更好的生活。先行词是people，指人，且作介词of的宾语，故用whom。
5．whose的用法
whose既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。指人时，相当于of whom；指物时，相当于of which。
This is the scientist whose name is known to all over the world.(指人)
这就是那位世界闻名的科学家。
She lives in a house whose window faces the sea.(指物)
她住在一座窗户面向大海的房子里。
典题赏析
(6)(2014·山东·10)A company ________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
A．which B．whose
C．who D．why
答案：B　考查定语从句。句意：一个来自国内市场利润正在下降的公司或许会寻求国外的机会。由句意可知，此处用“whose ＋名词”引导定语从句。6．as的用法
as既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语和表语。它常用在the same...as..., such...as..., as...as...等句型中，as不能省略。
I want to have such a computer as he has.(as作宾语)
我想有一台和他一样的电脑。
I'll buy the same dictionary as you have.(作宾语，指物)
我打算买一本和你的一样的词典。Ⅲ.关系副词的基本用法
关系副词when, why, where在定语从句中分别作时间、原因、地点状语，且可根据其在句中的搭配关系，转换成“介词＋关系代词”的结构。
I'll never forget the time when we worked together on the farm.(when指时间)
我将永远不会忘记我们一起在农场工作的日子。
Sanya is the place where she was born.(where指地点)
三亚是她出生的地方。
I don't know the reason why he was refused.(why指原因)我不知道他被拒绝的原因。典题赏析
(7)(2014·福建·31)Students should involve themselves in community activities ________ they can gain experience for growth.
A．who B．when
C．which D．where
答案：D　考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为activities(活动)，且从句中缺少作状语的引导词，故排除A、C；when指时间，不符合语境，故D项正确。句意为：学生们应该参加社区服务活动，在这些活动中他们能够获得成长的经历。
(8)(2014·湖南·31)I am looking forward to the day________my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
A．as B．why
C．when D．where
答案：C　考查定语从句。先行词是day，关系词在从句中做时间状语，应用关系副词when，故选C项。
(9)(2014·浙江·5)I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ________ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
A．when B．where
C．which D．why
答案：A　本题考查定语从句的引导词。句意：我直到五年级才成为一个严肃的攀爬者，那时我去救一个挂在树上的风筝。分析结构可知，此处考查的是定语从句的引导词，先行词为fifth grade为表示时间的名词，后面从句缺少状语，用when引导；where在定语从句中作地点状语，先行词为表示地点或者抽象地点的名词；which在定语从句中要作主语、宾语； why在定语从句中作原因状语，先行词为reason。故A项正确。
(10)(2013·江西·33)He wrote a letter ________ he explained what had happened in the accident.
A．what B．which
C．where D．how
答案：C　考查定语从句引导词的用法。句意：他写了一封信，在信中他说明了事故中所发生的事。分析句式可知，此处用where表示“模糊的”地点概念，相当于in which。(11)(2013·北京·27)Many countries are now setting up national parks ________ animals and plants can be protected.
A．when B．which
C．whose D．where
答案：D　本题考查定语从句。句意：我们国家正在建立一些国家公园，动物和植物在那儿可以得到保护。分析结构可知，此处是考查定语从句的引导词，先行词为 national parks，定语从句缺少状语，要用where来引导，相当于in which。关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语；which作主语、宾语、表语；whose只作定语，三者均不合语境，故正确答案为D。
(12)(2013·四川·9)Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ________ they live.
A．what B．which
C．when D．where
答案：D　本题考查定语从句引导词的用法。先行词是environment为物(抽象地点)，而且定语从句中不缺少主语，live在此为不及物动词，故选where(＝in which)。
Ⅳ.由“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
此结构中的关系代词主要是which和whom，即“介词＋which/whom”，先行词为人时用“whom”，先行词为物时用which。
Here are the questions, some of which I thought difficult.
就是这些问题，我认为其中一些很难。
He has two sons, both of whom are teachers.
他有两个儿子，都是老师。典题赏析
(13)(2013·重庆·24)John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ________ are family members.
A．them B．that
C．which D．whom
答案：D　本题考查定语从句的引导词。句意：约翰请了大约40人参加他的婚礼，绝大对数是家庭成员。分析结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词为people，用“代词most＋介词＋whom”引导了非限制性定语从句，故D项正确。which也可以用于此结构，但是其先行词不能是人。
(14)She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ________ had taken more than three years.
A．for which B．with which
C．of which D．to which
答案：C　考查定语从句。句意：她带领参观者参观了那个建造工程花费了超过三年时间的博物馆。先行词为museum，在从句中充当定语，指博物馆的建造工程，介词用of。选C。
[点津]
the＋n.＋of which/whom＝of which/whom＋the＋n.＝whose＋n.
I bought a car yesterday the color of which is white.
＝I bought a car yesterday of which the color is white.
＝I bought a car yesterday whose color is white.
昨天我买了一辆白色的小汽车。Ⅴ.关系代词的特别用法典题赏析
(15)(2014·江西·28)Among the many dangers ________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.
A．which B．what
C．where D．when
答案：A　考查定语从句。句意：在水手们不得不面对的危险当中，可能最大的危险就是雾。many dangers为先行词，在后面定语从句中作face的宾语，用关系代词which引导定语从句，故选A项。what引导名词性从句，不引导定语从句，where 和when引导定语从句，在从句中作状语。Ⅵ.定语从句常见错误
1．缺先行词
Is this school that you visited last year?
(该句缺先行词，应在“school”后面加上“the one”)
2．缺引导词
Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.
(应在“Children”后面加上“who”，关系代词作主语时不能省略)
3．成分重复
This is the village that I lived in it years ago.
(that和it句子成分重复，应去掉“it”)4．谓语单复数确定不当
He is the only one of the students who know French.
(先行词为the only one，定语从句的谓语动词know应为单数knows)
Mr Black, who are at the gate, is waiting for you.
(先行词为Mr Black, who指Mr Black，谓语动词用单数is)
5．关系代词省略不当
This is the girl from I learned the news.
(在有介词提前的定语从句中不能省略关系代词，from后面应加上whom)单句改错
1．Some of the boys I invited them didn't come.
______________________________________________
2．Anyone who break the rules will be punished.
______________________________________________
3．Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.
______________________________________________
4．This is the house where we lived in last year.
______________________________________________8．This factory is that I worked in.
______________________________________________
6．That can be done has already been done.
______________________________________________
7．It was in the kitchen where the fire broke out.
______________________________________________
8．This is the last lesson which Mr Smith taught me.
______________________________________________
答案：1.去掉them　2.break→breaks　3.在children后加who/that　4.where→that/which或去掉in　5.在is后加the one　6.That→What　7.where→that　8.which→thatⅠ.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
1．The boy ________ wears glasses is Harry Potter.
2．These are the trees ________ were planted last year.
3．The woman ________ you wanted to visit is a teacher.
4．This is the car ________ was bought last year.
5．He is the man ________ car was stolen last night.
6．This is the factory ________ he works.
7．There are many reasons ________ people like traveling.
8．I still remember the day ________ I joined the league.
答案：1.who/that　2.which/that　3.whom/that　4.which/that　5.whose　6.where　7.why　8.whenⅡ.用适当的关系词来完成句子
1．The place________________(使我最感兴趣的)was the Children's Palace.
2．Do you know the man________________(我与之交谈的)?
3．This is the hotel________________(他们逗留的)last month.
4．Do you know the year________________(我们一起生活)?
5．This is the day________________(我将永远不会忘记的)．
6．The factory________________(我们下周将要参观的)is not far from here.
7．Is there anyone in your class________________(他的家庭在乡村)?
8．He isn't such a man________________(他过去的样子)．
答案：1.which interested me most　2.who/whom I talked with　3.where they stayed　4.when we lived together
5．which/that I'll never forget　6.which/that we'll visit next week　7.whose family is in the country　8.as he used to beUnit 4　 Section Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He gave his son some money for the ________________(购买) of his school books.
2．Shortly after the earthquake, many people ________________(捐赠) money to the quake area.
3．Next Monday is the ________________(周年纪念日) of the day I first met you.
4．Do you know who is the first ________________(宇航员) that walked in space?
5．The job seekers who are good at ________________(操作) computers are preferred.
6．He lives in a ________________(遥远的) village and has little idea of the modern life.
7．The teacher ________________(分发) the new books to the pupils.
8．He made a ________________(自愿的) statement to the police.
9．The captain ________________(咔嚓) his heels together and saluted his superior officer.
10．We need greater ________________(安全保障) in children's school cars.
答案：1.purchase　2.donated　3.anniversary　4.astronaut
5．operating　6.remote　7.distributed　8.voluntary　9.clicked　10.security
Ⅱ.按照每小题后括号中的要求完成句子
1．We all ________________(为……干杯) the bride and the groom at the wedding. (toast的名词形式)
2．I'd rather ________________(挨饿)than eat what that mean person offered me. (go)
3．If you ________________(需要) anything, don't hesitate to let me know. (need的名词形式)
4．Are there any ________________(志愿者) help the old woman cross the street? (voluntary的名词形式)
5．Let's work harder. It's time to put our plan ________________(实施). (operate的名词形式)
6．She ________________(捐了) of $5,000 to the Children's Hospital. (donation)
7．The Red Cross controlled ________________(食物和衣物的发放)to the flood victims.(distribute的名词形式)
8．The local newspaper ________________(安排) an interview with Professor Stein. (arrange的名词形式)
答案：1.drank a toast to　2.go hungry　3.are in need of　4.volunteers to　5.into operation　6.made a donation　7.the distribution of the food and clothing　8.made arrangements for
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．If you ________ ________ ________ ________(需要) anything, don't hesitate to let me know.
2．She ________ ________ ________(捐赠) of 5,000 yuan to the Children's Hospital.
3．The doctors are ________ ________(给……动手术) a patient.
4．It is ________ you ________(不是……而是……) he is to blame for the broken window.
5．The woman is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(很容易相处)．
答案：1.are in need of　2.made a donation　3.operating on　4.not; but　5.easy to get along with
Ⅳ.单项填空
1．For all these years I have been working for others. I'm hoping I'll ________ my own business someday.
A．turn up B．fix up
C．set up D．make up
答案：C　考查短语辨析。turn up“出现；调大”；fix up“修补；解决；治愈”；set up“建立；成立”；make uo“编造；组成；化妆”。
2．Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students ________ financial aid.
A．in favour of B．in honour of
C．in face of D．in need of
答案：D　句意：许多中国大学向那些需要经济资助的学生提供奖学金。in favour of“支持”；in honour of“向……表示敬意”；in face of“面对”；in need of“需要”。故D项符合句意。
3．—Mr Yang said he would go to see you next Monday.
—________ he does not come?
A．What about B．How come
C．Why not D．What if
答案：D　考查交际用语。 句意：——“杨先生说他下周一去看你。”——“他要是不来怎么办？”what about...“……怎么样”后接动词-ing形式；how come“为什么？”后接句子；why not“为什么不？”用来回答别人的建议；what if...“如果……该怎么办？”此句型表示一种假设。
4．All the donated food and clothing will be ________ to the poor people in that village.
A．accompanied B．dragged
C．distributed D．collected
答案：C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有募捐来的食物和衣服都将被分发到那个村庄的穷人手中。accompany“陪伴”；drag“拖，拉”；distribute“分发，分配”；collect“收集”。所以答案选C。
5．The cholera ________ to be brought to Haiti by the UN peacekeepers caused many deaths in Haiti.
A．suspecting B．to be suspected
C．suspected D．having suspected
答案：C　考查过去分词作定语。句意：被怀疑由联合国维和人员带入海地的霍乱在海地引起多人死亡。因为the cholera与suspect之间存在动宾关系，要用其被动形式作定语，排除A、D；而B表将来，显然不符合语境，排除B；所以要用表完成和被动的过去分词作后置定语，故选C。
6．We should respect those who are willing to ________ their organs after their death.
A．reave B．present
C．donate D．give
答案：C　句意：我们要尊重那些愿意在去世后捐献器官的人。由句意可知选donate“捐献，捐赠”。
7．On April 24, Tsinghua University, one of China's top higher learning institutions, celebrated its 100th ________ at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.
A．arrangement B．anniversary
C．congratulation D．assessment
答案：B　句意：4月24日，清华大学，一所中国著名的高等学府，在北京人民大会堂举行了百年校庆活动。anniversary意为“周年纪念日”，符合句意。arrangement“安排”；congratulation“祝贺”；assessment“评价”。
8．Ladies and gentlemen，I'd like to propose a toast ________ the bride and groom.
A．for B．with
C．in D．to
答案：D　propose a toast to sb.意为“提议为某人干杯”，固定短语，符合题意。
9．Not the story itself but the characters in it ________ the children interested in Harry Potter.
A．make B．makes
C．making D．to make
答案：A　not... but...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数按“就近”原则，此处应与characters保持一致。
10．The hospital ________ well, where many wounded ________ every day.
A．is operated; operation B．operates; are operated on
C．operates; are operated D．operates; operates on
答案：B　句意：这家医院经营得很好，每天都有很多伤员在这里做手术。operate作“运转，工作”讲时是不及物动词，无被动语态，而作“给某人做手术”讲时常与on连用，由语境可知第二个空格应用被动语态。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
Moving in with a boyfriend causes women to eat more unhealthily and put on weight. But the opposite is true for men, whose long-term health benefits when they move in with a female partner.
Dieticians at Newcastle University said both partners try to please one another, and so they change their dietary habits to suit their other half.
It leads men to eat more light meals, such as salads, fruit and vegetables, while women choose to make creamier, heavier dishes like curry or rich pasta sauces, which may please their partner.
Women still have the strongest long-term influence over the couple's diet and lifestyle, as they still have the traditional role of shopper and cook in most households.
The report, by Newcastle University's Human Nutrition Research Centre, reviewed the finding of a variety of research projects from the UK, North America and Australia, which looked at the eating habits and lifestyle of couples.
The research shows that women are more likely to put on weight and increase their consumption of foods high in fat and sugar when they move in with their partner.
Women also use food as a comfort when dealing with emotional stress and have been found to gain weight when a relationship ends, while the same finding has not been observed in men.
Many couples reported food as being central to their partnership, and eating together in the evening was particularly important to many.
Report author and registered dietician(营养学家) Dr. Amelia Lake said, “The research has shown that your partner is a strong influence on lifestyle and people who are trying to live healthier lives should take this factor into consideration.”
1．According to the passage, moving in with a girlfriend, men ________.
A．have few changes of their dietary habits
B．have to eat more unhealthy foods
C．don't like foods high in fat and sugar at all
D．try to eat foods that their girlfriends like
答案：D　细节理解题。由第三段，特别是“which may please their partner”可知，男女双方会改变自己的饮食习惯来迎合对方，因此男士会吃他的女伴喜欢吃的食物。
2．The underlined word “light”(in Paragraph 3) probably means ________.
A．not very heavy B．less in fat and sugar
C．gentle D．not serious or important
答案：B　词义猜测题。由其后所举的例子salads，fruit and vegetables可推断，light在此意为“清淡的”，即脂肪和糖的含量比较少。
3．According to the report by Newcastle University's Human Nutrition Research Centre，________.
A．women put on weight only because they want to suit their other half
B．when men are faced with emotional stress, they will change their dietary habits
C．eating together in the evening is a good way to communicate for couples
D．it is wrong to change your dietary habits to suit your partner
答案：C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知C项正确。根据倒数第三段可知女士增肥不仅是为了迎合对方的口味，还有缓解情绪的原因，故A项错误；根据倒数第三段最后“while the same finding has not been observed in men”可知B项错误；D项文中没有提及。
4．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Don't Be Silly Any More，Women
B．Which Are Better Dietary Habits
C．Boyfriends Make You Fat
D．Dr. Amelia Lake and His Study
答案：C　标题归纳题。C项幽默风趣，能吸引读者的注意，贴近文章大意并切中文章的主题。
B
Last night, on my way home I stopped because of being attracted by some hamburgers at a fast food restaurant. On my way in，a homeless man approached me and asked, “Do you have any bottles lying around？” I knew he would recycle them for a few cents, but I didn't have any, so I said no. And again, he asked, “Can you spare some change(零钱)？” I smiled, and said no again. He was very respectful; he smiled back and said, “OK, thank you.” Even though he didn't have anything，he was still in good spirits. From the way he spoke I could tell he was smart.
Then I bought one hamburger and enjoyed my meal, but in the back of my mind I wondered whether the homeless man was hungry. After I finished my meal I decided to order another one for him. At this point I didn't know if he was still around, but I tried anyway.
At the counter I ordered a hamburger and also a hot chocolate, because it was cold outside, and I thought it would help warm him up. They delivered me the hot chocolate first and as I waited for my hamburger, I noticed the homeless man was standing right beside me. I looked at him and smiled，“This hot chocolate is for you.” He replied like a gentleman, “Thank you so much. That's very kind of you.”
I always believe no matter how hard up(缺钱) I am, there are always those who are worse off than I. When you help someone, it's not always about money, it's about love. The love you give today, someone might forget tomorrow. It doesn't matter. Love anyway, because the greatest thing you can give is love.
5．Why did the author stop at a fast food restaurant?
A．Because he was hungry and thirsty.
B．Because the hamburgers there interested him.
C．Because he hoped he could collect some bottles there.
D．Because he wanted to help the homeless man there.
答案：B　事实细节题。根据第一段“on my way home I stopped because of being attracted by some hamburgers at a fast food restaurant”可知，作者之所以停留在快餐店，是因为被一些汉堡包吸引了。
6．We can learn from the first two paragraphs that the author ________.
A．was angry with the homeless man
B．was an old friend of the homeless man
C．decided to help the homeless man after his meal
D．finished his meal quickly to help the homeless man
答案：C　事实细节题。分析第二段可知，作者在吃饭期间，脑子里想到的是这个无家可归的人是否饿了，所以吃完饭后，他决定给这个无家可归的人买一份快餐。
7．We can infer from the text that the homeless man was ________.
A．old and sick B．polite and friendly
C．sad and nervous D．calm and confident
答案：B　推理判断题。根据第一段第六句的“He was very respectful; he smiled back and said，‘OK, thank you.’”及第三段的“He replied like a gentleman, ‘Thank you so much. That's very kind of you.’”不难推测，这个人既礼貌又友好。
8．The author wants to tell us that ________.
A．love cannot be forced
B．money cannot buy anything
C．there is always someone that we can help
D．we shouldn't forget those who once helped us
答案：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“我一直坚信无论我多么缺钱，总会有人比我更拮据”及其后面作者鼓励人们帮助他人可知，作者认为总有些人是我们可以帮助的。

选 做 题
Ⅰ.短文改错
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(/)，并在该句下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My grandfather and I enjoy fishing. One Sunday morning we go fishing at a lake. We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake. As soon as we arrived, so we dropped the lines into the water. Before waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get impatiently. I wanted to give up, and my grandfather told me to wait a little longer. Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and fish was caught . Within the next few minute, my grandfather also caught a fish. Felt hungry, we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish. It was delicious.
答案：1.go→went　2.ours→our　3.删除so　4.Before→After　5.impatiently→impatient　6. and→but　7.were→was　8.fish前加a　9.minute→minutes　10.Felt→Feeling
Ⅱ.任务型阅读
根据短文内容，从下框中的A～F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
(2013·浙江高考题)
A．Time can run out.
B．Tomorrow won't be better.
C．Ideas need time to develop.
D．Your professor will be impatient.
E．You blow off your chances for help.
F．You're probably overestimating(高估) the pain.
Never Put off Until Tomorrow What You Can Do Today
Want to put off studying for the physics test? Or writing that thirty-five-page research paper on future uses of biotechnology? Sure you do? And who wouldn't? But it's still a silly idea to put out doing something about a future time. Here's why...
1．________ The task will be still the same. It won't be any more fun and you still won't want to do it. As the deadline gets closer and closer, the task seems to become larger and larger if you haven't started the work. And the stress increases. Now not only do you have to write that paper, you have to do it under great pressure.
2．________ Before you start, it seems that the task is unlikely to be accomplished. But you know why? You're probably miscalculating. Get started-maybe on a small place-and you'll discover that you have more resources and know more about the subject than you thought. Result? You won't experience nearly as much suffering as you expected to. Things are guaranteed-100 percent-to get better.
3．________ If you leave your work until the night before it's due, you give up the possibility of getting input from your professor. Professors regularly give advice—or at least a few useful tips—during office hours. Unfortunately, though, they don't usually hold office hours at midnight, so you'll be out of luck when you discover the night before the midterm that you have no idea how to do the questions that will count for two-thirds of you grade.
4．________ Ever wonder why the professor assigns the paper two weeks before it's due? It's because he or she the expects you to be thinking about the issue, or doing the research, for two weeks. No, not every waking moment, but at least some of the time. After all, the professor could just as easily have some given the assignment one week before it was due if hero she expected less thinking. Most college papers require you to have kind of idea, then to spend some time thinking about it, revising it, and polishing it. When you throw together a paper or a report at the last minute, your ideas are half-baked. And your professor will know it.
5．________ If you put things off till the last minute, you might find that you haven't budgeted enough minutes to finish the necessary tasks. It's the easiest thing in the world to miscalculate how long it'll take to do all the work especially when new issues arise—like illness, family problems, computer breakdowns, trouble at work, and all the other things—as you're thinking through your paper argument or preparing yourself for the coming test. If you keep delaying, you don't allow yourself time for those various life events that an adverse(不利的) effect on your ability to complete your assignment.
文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。旨在告诉读者不要把今天能做的事推迟到明天。
答案：
1．B　本段主要内容是今天不想做的事，到了明天它还是一样，倒是随着最后截止日期越来越近，压力会越来越大，所以选B。
2．F　等你开始后，你会发现你对这份任务了解的比你想象的多，结果你经历的困难比你预料的要少，所以F正确。
3．E　如果你把任务拖延到了到期前的晚上，你会错过了教授的帮助。因为在办公时间教授会给学生提建议的，但是晚上不是他们的办公时间，显然E项正确。
4．C　教授提前两周就安排写论文，原因是你需要时来慢慢形成自己的观点，C符合段落大意。
5．A　等你把作业拖到最后时刻的时候，你会发现时间不够用的。run out“(指时间、金钱等)用尽，耗尽”，A项正确。
Ⅲ.阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后字数要求)。
[1]Cinema plays an important role in the social, moral, political and economic life. The aim of films should be to educate, modify and bring about unity and peace among people.
[2]Cinema is making rapid progress in many countries. As a visual medium, it has the advantage of removing language and age barriers. It has certain advantages over both the press and the radio. The press and the radio require the knowledge of a particular language as an aid to understanding. To some extent films can be understood without any such knowledge.
[3]Cinema has become a part of our life. One can see a film at the movie theater or on the television set. Cinema is a source of entertainment. It removes our stress. It offers us relaxation. It is also a source of employment to many. This field has become so famous that a large number of courses related to cinema to cinema are being offered by almost all the universities.
[4]Cinema enriches our knowledge. By ________ we can know the culture, dress , language and customs of people of different countries. A good film encourages us to seek for a better life. We can gain a knowledge of the political, social and economical conditions of our country. Educational films can greatly benefit studies. Films meant for children are also produced every year.
[5]It is unbelievable that cinema has become the most powerful medium of the modern age.However cinema also causes much harm. Many of the films produced nowadays have little social content. They show a lot of violence, robbery, theft, cheating, murder, etc.They have a bad influence on the minds of people, polluting the social and moral atmosphere of the society and the minds of the youth and pushing the youth into the world of crime...
1．What is the main idea of the passage? ( no more than 7 words )
________________________________________________________________________
2．What is the advantages of cinema over the press and the radio.( no more than 10 words )
________________________________________________________________________
3．List three advantages of cinema mentioned in the passage.( no more than 7 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4．Fill in the blank in the Paragraph 4 with the proper words. ( no more than 3 words )
________________________________________________________________________
5．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 5 probably refer to? ( no more than 7 words )
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1.The advantages and the disadvantages of cinema .
2．Films can be understood without knowing a particular language.
3．Offering entertainment；
Removing stress；
Offering relaxation；
Creating employment；
Enriching knowledge.(任选三项)
4．Watching films.
5．Many of the films produced nowadays.
Ⅳ.任务型读写
阅读下面短文， 根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意： 每个空格只填一个单词。
Maybe you are an average student.You probably think you will never be a top student.This is not necessary so, however.Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to.Here's how.
[1]Plan your time carefully.When you plan your week, you should make a list of things that you have to do.After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time.First your time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. . Then decide a good, regular time for studying.Don't forget to set aside enough time for entertainment.A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems, but it will force you to realize what is happening to your time.
[2]Find a good place to study.Look around the house for a good study area.Keep this space, which may be a desk or simply a corner of your room, free of everything but study materials.No games, radios, or television! When you sit down to study, concentrate on the subject.
[3]Make good use of your time in class.Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teachers say.Really listening in class means less work later.Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.
[4]Study regularly.When you get home from school, go over your notes.Review the important points that your teacher mentioned in class.If you know what your teacher is going to discuss the next day, read that material will become more meaningful, and you will remember it longer.
[5]Develop a good attitude about tests.The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject.They help you remember your new knowledge.The world won't end if you don't pass a test, so don't be overly worried.
There are other methods that might help you with your studying.You will probably discover many others after you have tried these.
How to become a better student
General method
How to
Advantage
Plan your time carefully
Make a list
Force you to realize 6.________ is happening to your time
Make a 1.________
Find a good place to study
Free of everything but study
2.________
You can 7.________ on the subject
Make good use of your time in class
Listen to everything the teachers say
Really listening in class means 8.________ work
later
Take 3.________
Study regularly
Go over your notes
Help you 9.________ it better, remember it longer
4.______ new material
Develop a good attitude about tests
Don't be 5.________ worried
Remember your new 10.______
答案：1.schedule　2.materials　3.Notes　4.Read　5.overly　6. what　7.concentrate　8.less　9.Understand　10.knowledge
Ⅴ.情景对话(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)
根据对话情景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项。
Sam: Taxi! Right here!
Keiko：1.________
Sam: I am going to the airport.
Keiko: 2.________ Let's go.
Sam: Thanks.
Keiko: Where are you flying to?
Sam: I am going to a meeting in London.
Keiko: Oh. 3.________
Sam: Yes, I am a manager. By the way, how long will it take to get to the airport?
Keiko: It usually takes about 30 minutes.4________
Sam: So how long will it take?
Keiko: About 45 minutes.5.________
Sam: That's OK. I could catch my flight if we can arrive at the airport in an hour.
A．But traffic is bad at the moment.
B．Are you a business man?
C．Thanks for your offer.
D．Where to?
E．Where did you go just now?
F．It rarely takes more than an hour.
G．No problem.
答案：1～5　DGBAF
课件79张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 选修7 （通用本）SharingUnit 4　Section Ⅲ　Using Language1.1.1　集合的概念Unit 4Ⅰ.词汇过关
(一)根据英文释义及首字母提示写出单词
1．a_________ a person who travels in a spacecraft
2．a___________ yearly return of the date of an event, celebration of this
3．s________ part of a plant from which a new plant of the same kind can grow
4．c________ to make a slight short sound
5．c________ private or specialized hospitalastronaut anniversary seed click　 clinic
(二)根据词性和汉语意思写出单词
6．________vt.捐赠→________n．捐献；捐赠→________n．捐赠者
7．___________adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的→__________n．志愿者
8．________n．公牛→________(pl.)
9．________adj.政治的；政党的→________n．政治donate donation donator voluntary volunteer ox oxen political politics
10．__________vt.分配；分类→_____________n．分配；分发；分布状态
11．________vi.工作；运转vt.操作→__________n．操作；手术
12．________vt.& n．买；购买→___________n．买方；购买者
13．________n．完全；保护；保障→________adj.安全的；可靠的distribute distribution operate operation purchase purchaser security secure Ⅱ.短语自查
1．fall in love with　　　　　　 ________________
2．come to an end ________________
3．have knowledge of ________________
4．do some research on ________________
5．bring hope to ________________
6．在困难中，在危急中 ________________
7．挨饿 ________________
8．自给自足 ________________
9．数目上；总共 ________________
10．照看，照顾；喜欢 ________________爱上　
结束　
了解……　
研究……
为……带来希望　
in need　
go hungry　
provide for oneself　
in number　
care for
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．The gift________ ________is not something __________ ________ ________ ________but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people ________ ________ ________ ________.
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。2．When you __________ an item, we will send you an attractive card for you ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
你选购一项礼物时，我们将送你一张精美的卡片，让你送给你的某个特殊的人。
答案：1.you give; your loved one keeps; who really need it
2．purchase; to send to your special person
Ⅳ.语篇理解
Read the text and then choose the best answers.
1．What is the most expensive gift in the list?
A．A well and water pump.
B．Twenty tree seedlings.
C．A truck library.
D．School books.2．When you want to give child vaccinations against 6 killer diseases, you must send ________.
A．$50 B．$20
C．$8 D．$85
3．The purpose of the Internet Page is to ________.
A．let people give an unusual gift to the poor
B．let people get an unusual card
C．let people learn something useful
D．let people make money
4．You can use the card for the following occasions except ________.
A．anniversaries B．birthdays
C．burials D．weddings
5．Where can you probably read the article?
A．In the newspaper. B．In the magazine.
C．On TV. D．On the Internet.
答案：1～5　ABACD1.donate vt.捐赠
①The businessman donated a lot of money to the hospital.
这个商人捐给医院很多钱。
②She donated her books to the library.
她把自己的书捐赠给图书馆。
知识拓展
donate sth. to sb./sth.向某人/事捐献某物
donation n．捐献，捐赠；捐款
give/make/present a donation to...捐赠给……
send a donation to...把捐款寄至……
donator n．捐赠者，赠送者
contribute sth. to...向……捐献某物活学活用
(1)用donate的相关介词或正确形式填空
①The Hope Project________which everyone at work donates a day's pay is significant.
②Almost a third of the best seats are set aside for members, who have made ________to the opera.
③The activity of charity________is due at 8 tomorrow morning.
④The________refused to tell his name after________a large sum of money.
答案：①to　②donations　③donation　④donator; donating(2)—The man who is seriously ill has decided to ________ his body to the research agency after his death.
—He is great.
A．contribute B．donate
C．adopt D．distribute
答案：B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：——这位病重的人决定在他死后把遗体捐赠给研究机构。——他太伟大了。contribute“贡献”；donate“捐赠”；adopt“收养”；distribute“分发”。2．voluntary adj.自愿的，志愿的，无偿的
She is a voluntary helper.
她是自愿帮忙的。
知识拓展
be voluntary to do sth.自愿做……
volunteer n．志愿者　v．自愿；志愿做
voluntarily adv.自愿地
The doctor was voluntary to settle down in the poor village.
这位医生自愿在这个穷村安家落户。
活学活用
(1)汉译英
她从事义务社会工作。
______________________________________________
答案：She does voluntary social work.
(2)The great painter made a promise that he would ________give his paintings to the government.
A．exactly B．voluntarily
C．actually D．gradually
答案：B　voluntarily“自动地，自愿地”。句意为“那位著名画家许诺他将把他的画捐赠给政府”。B项符合题意。exactly“确实如此，正是，确切地”；actually“实际上，事实上”；gradually“逐渐地，逐步地”。
3．purchase vt.& n．买；购买
①I have some purchases to make in town.
我要去城里买些东西。
②They began to regret the purchase of such a large house.
他们开始后悔买了这么大的一所房子。知识拓展
make a purchase买东西
purchase sth. from sb.向某人购买某物
purchasing power购买力
purchase and sale买卖
purchase price买价
make a purchase采购
on special purchase特价购买
purchase sth.(from sb.)(向某人)购买某物
purchasing n．购买，采购
purchaser n．购买人，采购人员，买主
提示：purchase可作动词，指“购买，努力取得，换得”；也可作名词，指“购买；购得物”。purchase比buy正式。活学活用
(1)补全句子
①她在服装店买了几样东西。
She ________ ________ ________ in the dress shop.
②他们在乡村已经买了一栋新房子。
They ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ in the countryside.
答案：①made several purchases　②have purchased a new house
(2)Customers actually vote for products and companies when they make a ________.
A．persuasion B．chase
C．purchase D．bargain
答案：C　句意：消费者购买商品实质上是在给不同的产品和企业投票。purchase“买；购买”，符合题意。persuasion“说服；信仰”；chase“追逐”；bargain“讨价还价；廉价品”。
4．anniversary n．周年纪念(日)
①It is the 30th anniversary of our school today.
今天是我们学校建校30周年纪念日。
②They are going to celebrate their wedding anniversary at the seaside.
他们要在海边庆祝结婚纪念日。比较网站
anniversary与memory
He made an important speech on the anniversary of Dr Sun Yat-sen's birth.
在孙中山诞辰纪念日上，他做了一次重要演讲。
I have happy memories of my school.
我对我们学校有着幸福的回忆。活学活用
In memory of Qu Yuan, dragon-boat races are held on the________of his death.
A．principle　　　　　　 B．anniversary
C．guidance 　　 D．memory
答案：B　介词on后接某一天，anniversary“周年纪念(日)”，句意为“为了纪念屈原，在他的祭日举行龙舟竞赛”。principle“法则，原则，原理”；guidance“指导，领导”；memory“记忆”。由此可知，B项符合题意。
5．distribution n．分配；分发；分布状态
①The map shows the distribution of this species across the world.
地图上标明了这一物种在世界上的分布情况。
②They aren't satisfied with the unfair distribution of wealth.
他们对财富分配不公不满意。
知识拓展
distribute vt.分配；分发
distribute sth. to/among把某物分给/发给……
This paper is distributed free.
这份报纸免费发放。
The money was distributed among the schools in this area.
这笔钱在这个地区的学校中分配。比较网站
distribute与divide
He divided the watermelon into 10 parts and distributed them to 10 children.
他把这个西瓜切成10份，并把它们分给了10个孩子。图解助记
distribution
活学活用
(1)用distribute的正确形式填空。
①The ________ of prize should be based on equality.
②The teacher ________ the new books ________ the pupils.
答案：①distribution　②distributed; to
(2)In face of flu, many cities ________ makes to the passers-by in the streets.
A．refunded B．distributed
C．purchased D．accumulated
答案：B　句意：面对流感，很多城市在街上向过往路人发放口罩。refund“退款，赔偿”；distribute“分配，分发”；purchase“购买”；accumulate“积累，积聚”。6．operate vi.工作；运转　vt.操作
①His company operates in several countries.
他的公司在几个国家有业务活动。
②What skills are needed to operate this machine?
操作这台机器需要什么技能？
③Can you operate a sewing machine?
你会使用缝纫机吗？
④The medicine operated quickly.
这药很快就起作用了。知识拓展
operator n．操作人员；电话员
operation n．[C]手术[U]操作
bring/put into operation实施，使生效，使运行
come/go into operation开始运转，开始生效
The new power station has already come into operation.
这个新的发电站已经开始运转。
The young doctor performed the heart operation.
这位年轻医生为病人做了心脏手术。
The law will be put into operation next month.
这部法律下月开始生效。图解助记
一词多义的operate活学活用
(1)补全句子
①He asked me ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(我以前是否接受过手术)．
②The machine ________ ________ ________ ________(运转不灵)．
③Their new schedule ________ ________ ________(开始实施) on July 1 last year.
答案：①if I had been operated on before　②does not operate well　③came into operation
(2)The doctor will operate on her heart.(同义句转换)
＝The doctor will ________ ________ ________ ________ her heart.
答案：perform an operation onin need在困难中；在危急中
Please call the police when you are in need.
有困难请找警察。
in need of需要某物
I'm in need of some fresh air.
我需要一些新鲜的空气。
注意：in need表示在危急中　in need of指需要某物
We collected money for those people in need in earthquake-stricken areas who were in need of lots of tents.
我们筹集资金帮助地震灾区的灾民，他们需要大量帐蓬。知识拓展
be in need of sth.需要
at one's need在某人困难时
satisfy/meet one's need满足某人需要
There is no need to do sth.没必要做某事。
As we all know, everyone in the world has the need for affection.
我们都知道，每个人都需要爱。
He gave me help at my need.
他在我困难时给予我帮助。活学活用
(1)This organization can provide assistance to people________.
A．in particular　　　 B．in the distance
C．in need D．at a time
答案：C　in need为固定搭配，意思是“在困难中，在危急中”。句意为“这个组织能够向贫困者提供帮助”。C项符合题意。in particular“尤其，特别”；in the distance“在远处”；at a time“依次，逐一，每次”。
(2)Many Chinese universities provided scholarships for students________financial aid.
A．in favor of B．in honor of
C．in face of D．in need of
答案：D　in favor of“赞同，有利于”，in honor of“纪念，为了表示对……的敬意”，in face of“面对”，in need of“需要”。根据句意“很多中国的大学为需要经济援助的学生提供奖学金”，选D项。 1.She was dying to see him again but what if he didn't want to see her?
她急切地想再见到他，但如果他不想见她，那该怎么办？
What if...？是惯用语，意思是：What will happen if...？如果……会怎么样？
What if we move the picture over there? Do you think it will look better?
我们把画移到那儿怎么样？你看会不会好看一点？知识拓展
(1)What... for？为什么目的？
What is this tool for？这个工具是干什么用的？
What did you do that for？＝Why did you do that?
你为什么那么做？
(2)So what？那有什么了不起？那又怎样？
—I hear you have just got a new car.
——我听说你刚买了一辆新车。
—Yes, so what?
——是的，那有什么了不起？活学活用
(1)补全句子。
①万一发生暴风雨怎么办？
What if ________ ________ ________ ________ ________？
②星期天洗车怎么样？
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ on Sunday?
答案：①a storm should come up　②What about washing the car
(2)—Linda didn't invite us to the party.
—________？ I don't care.
A．For what B．So what
C．What's on D．What's up
答案：B　考查情景交际。句意：——琳达没有邀请我们去参加聚会。——那又怎么样呢？我不在乎。So what？“那又怎么样呢？”For what？“为什么？”What's on？“演什么节目？”What's up？“出什么事了？”根据句意可知选B项。
2．The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项生活上的无偿捐助。本句中not...but...连接两个平行成分，意思是“不是……，而是……”。you give是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰gift; your loved one keeps是省略了关系词that的定语从句，修饰something; who really need it是定语从句，修饰people。句中not...but...连接两个表语。注意当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则。如：
I'm not a student but a teacher.
我不是学生而是老师。
He does not work but play all day.
他整天不学习只是玩耍。
提示：not only...but(also), either...or..., neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词按“就近一致”原则确定。as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词按“就前一致”原则确定。
Not he but you are wanted on the telephone.
电话找的是你不是他。
Rose as well as her friends was invited to Ann's twentieth birthday party.
罗斯和她的朋友应邀参加安二十岁的生日晚宴。活学活用
(1)翻译句子。
①It is not who is right but what is right that is important.
______________________________________________
②不是我而是她去过那儿。
______________________________________________
答案：①重要的不是谁对而是什么对。
②Not I but she has been there.
(2)Not the teacher but the students ________ fond of watching football games.
A．do B．does
C．is D．are
答案：D　考查谓语动词。句意：不是老师而是学生们喜爱看足球比赛 。not... but...连接两个名词作主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则；be fond of“喜爱……”，固定搭配。
3．Just 20% more produce will mean the difference between sickness and health, between families going hungry and families providing for themselves.
仅仅提高20%的产量，就意味着会让很多人远离疾病，拥有健康，让许多家庭不再忍受饥饿的折磨，能够自力更生。本句是一个简单句，现在分词短语going hungry和providing for themselves均作定语修饰其前的名词families。英语中现在分词和动名词都可以用作定语，但现在分词作定语时，是它所修饰的名词所发出的动作，和此名词之间在逻辑上是主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句；而动名词作定语时，是用来说明其所修饰的名词的功能、性质、作用等，相当于一个“for”短语。如：
(1)a swimming fish＝a fish which is swimming(现在分词)　一条游泳的鱼
→a swimming pool＝a pool for swimming(动名词)　一个游泳池
(2)a walking man＝a man who is walking(现在分词)　一个正在行走的人
→a walking stick＝a stick for walking(动名词)
一根拐杖
(3)a sleeping cat＝a cat which is sleeping(现在分词)　一只睡觉的猫
→a sleeping car＝a car for sleeping(动名词)　一节卧车车厢
(4)a writing girl＝a girl who is writing(现在分词)　一个在写字的女孩
→some writing paper＝some paper for writing(动名词)　一些书写纸
(5)a standing tree＝a tree which stands(there)(现在分词)　一棵参天大树
→standing room＝room for standing(动名词)　立足之地活学活用
(1)The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket______the desert.
A．covering　　　　 B．covered
C．cover D．to cover
答案：A　现在分词短语covering the desert作后置定语，cover与soft orange blanket为逻辑上的主谓关系，cover意为“遮盖”。
(2)The picture________on the wall is painted by my nephew.
A．having hung B．hanging
C．hangs D．being hung
答案：B　考查现在分词作定语。句意：墙上挂的那幅画是我侄子画的。解题关键在于分析picture与hang之间的逻辑关系。4．They are easy and fun for children to care for.
孩子们照看它们既轻松又有趣。
此句型属于“sb./sth.＋be＋adj./n.(＋for sb.)＋to do”结构，其中不定式与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，这时不定式要符合两个条件：(1)主动形式表示被动意义；(2)其中的动词须为及物动词，若为不及物动词，须加相应的介词。
①The book is difficult(for me) to understand.
这本书(对我来说)很难懂。
②The car is very comfortable to ride in.
这种车很好坐。
知识拓展
该结构中的形容词须是表示主语的特征或性质的形容词，常见的词有interesting，easy，difficult，nice，good，expensive，cheap，heavy，light，important，impossible，pleasant，comfortable，safe，dangerous，fit等。
活学活用
完成句子。
(1)好的小说读起来有意思。
Good novels are interesting ________ ________.
(2)这个难题对我们来说很难处理。
The problem was very hard ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：(1)to read　(2)for us to deal with如何描写人物
写作指导
人物描写包括人物的外部特征、性格特征、思想状态、行为语言等方面，用于表现人物的精神面貌、揭露人物的内心活动、提示人物的性格变化，以突出作品的主题思想。此类写作要求抓住人物特征的具体细节进行描写，分清主次，可以采用先总体、后局部的描述顺序。即先总体介绍此人所具有的特点，然后对其局部的一些细节进行介绍，最后可以再作一些总结。另外，对于有些人物描写，我们也可以根据时间或事件发生的先后顺序进行介绍。具体的写作技巧如下：
(1)选好描写的角度。必须考虑好站在第几人称的角度上写和从哪一点着手写。
(2)详略得当地描述。要能够抓住人物特点，按要求对人物进行描写，并要注意详略得当。
(3)准确生动地描述。描写人物时还要注意语言的准确生动性，可以灵活地使用一些主动句、被动句和with的复合结构以及从句等句式。同时，也要注意准确地使用一些动词、名词、形容词、副词以及介词词组等。
经典句式
(1)介绍人物的姓名、出身
She was born in Beijing On Oct. 12th, 1986.
She was a great woman with the name of...
She was born to/into a poor/rich family.
(2)介绍家庭背景
His/Her family was so poor that...
His/Her father was very strict with him/her...
(3)介绍教育背景
She was admitted to a famous university...
She graduated from the Chinese Department of Beijing University.
When at college, he majored in math.
(4)介绍人物喜好
He is interested in/is fond of/is crazy about music.
His favorite sport is playing basketball.(5)介绍人物生活态度
He works hard at/devotes his lifetime/himself to achieving his life goal.
He made up his mind to do the job well.
He tried his best to help others.
(6)评价人物
His hard work brought him great success.
He set a good example to us.
He was honored as a model worker.
He made great contributions to our country.话题导入
你们学校的英语报最近开展了一次题为“My Favorite Teacher”的征文比赛。你计划报名参加，写作对象是你的英语老师Mr Green，因为他上课生动有趣，而且善于启发大家的思维，博得了同学们的喜爱。请你根据下列要点写一篇关于他的文章，参加比赛：
1．简要地描述他的外貌；
2．喜欢他的原因。
注意：词数120左右。
参考词汇：激发motivate。
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
参考范文
My Favorite Teacher
Our English teacher Mr Green，only several years older than us，①is a really special teacher.He is very tall and has a beard, ②which makes him look serious. ③In fact, he is very kind and humorous. He seems born able to make his class full of laughter all the time, ④which explains why he is also called Magician. ③For example, during the class, he always has ways of giving us surprise, such as making a joke or singing a song and so on. So what he teaches comes natural to us. ③What's more，he can easily cheer up one in low spirits. I used to be poor in English，③but with the help of Mr Green I have made much progress and caught up with the class.
He has been regarded as our friend we can turn to when we are in difficulty. ⑤Mr Green is indeed a good teacher to all of us.名师点评
①文章首先确定了写作的时态——一般现在时。
②此处是个非限制性定语从句，它的使用丰富了文章的句式结构。
③文章最大的特色是句与句之间的连贯性，这得益于副词或连词的合理使用，如in fact，for example，what's more等。
④此句是个高级的复杂句型。which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，其中还包括一个由why引导的宾语从句。
⑤文章的结尾紧紧围绕着主题，简单明了地对人物做出了评价。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They began to regret the ________(购买) of the car.
2．The boy dreamed of becoming an ________(宇航员)．
3．He ________(捐赠) a sum of money from his private purse.
4．She has set up a ________(志愿的) organization providing help for the elderly.
5．How did you celebrate your fifth wedding ________(周年纪念日)?
6．His decision seems to show a marked lack of ________(政治的) judgment.
7．Clothes and blankets have been ________(分发) among the refugees.
8．Strict ________(安全) measures were in force during the President's visit.
答案：1.purchase　2.astronaut　3.donated　4.voluntary　5.anniversary　6.political　7.distributed　8.securityⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．They made a generous ________(donate) to charity.
2．At the beginning of the new term the teacher ________(distribution) the new books to the pupils.
3．The doctor is performing an ________(operate) on the injured child.
4．They began to regret ________(purchase) such a big house.
5．We want to live in ________(secure) and lead a happy life.
答案：1.donation　2.distributed　3.operation　4.purchasing
5．security课件12张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 选修7（通用本） SharingUnit 4　
You've seen people in need on the news after a hurricane, an earthquake, or any other disaster. Perhaps you've walked past homeless people who are living on the streets. Or maybe you've been to an animal shelter and wished you could give every pet a home. So what can you do to help people or animals who need it? The answer is—being a volunteer!Volunteering means spending some of your free time helping others. You may volunteer to help other people, such as the families who lost their homes after Hurricane Katrina. But you can also volunteer to protect animals, the environment, or any other cause that you care about.
Volunteering helps others, but it can also help you, too. If you're upset about something that's happened—like a hurricane or any other disaster—doing something about it can be a great way to deal with your feelings.Volunteering also lets you see your own life in new ways. Sometimes it's easy to worry about things like grades or get annoyed because you don't have the most expensive gym shoes or the newest computer game. Volunteering lets you spend some time concentrating on others for a while.
Lots of people and kids find that they really enjoy volunteering. Volunteer experiences often put you in a different environment and expose you to people and situations that you wouldn't have come across in your regular life. For instance, you might learn that just on the edge of your town are some kids who really need winter clothes.It feels good to be able to meet a need like that. You'll know that, thanks to you, some kids have warm coats, hats, and shoes. So whether it's winter clothes, food for the hungry, or homes for unwanted pets, doing volunteer work means one very important thing: You make a difference to the world.
文章大意：志愿者工作是一项非常神圣的工作，它要求你无偿地用自己的空余时间去帮助别人。同时，帮助别人就是帮助自己，它可以使你摆脱糟糕的心情，更好地认识周围的人和社会。1．What's the author's purpose of writing the passage?
A．To tell something about volunteers.
B．To introduce the jobs of volunteers.
C．To inform readers the importance of volunteers.
D．To encourage readers to be volunteers.
答案：D　推理判断题。整篇文章介绍了志愿者的工作，更侧重于说明志愿者工作可以帮助我们实现自我的升华，因此其写作目的是鼓励我们成为志愿者。A、B、C三个选项文中都有提到，但不是作者的写作意图。2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Volunteering can give you the most expensive gym shoes.
B．Volunteering may give you the newest computer game.
C．Volunteering gives you a time to fix your attention on other things.
D．Volunteering makes a big difference to the world.
答案：C　句意理解题。根据第四段的内容尤其是该段最后一句可知，画线句子的意思是：志愿工作还可以给你使自己的注意力集中在其他事情上的时间。3．What do volunteers feel after they help other people?
A．They usually regard helping others as their duty.
B．They think that they should get some rewards.
C．They feel it natural to help others.
D．They feel happy to satisfy other people's needs.
答案：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，志愿者在满足别人或社会的需求后会“feel good”，D项与之最为相近。4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．You can help unfortunate people or animals as a volunteer.
B．Volunteers mainly meet with situations similar to their regular life.
C．Volunteering can make you know more about the people around you.
D．Volunteering is a very meaningful job.答案：B　正误判断题。根据第五段第二句可知，志愿者接触到的环境和人通常与其平常生活中接触到的不一样，故B项说法错误。