(共113张PPT)
UNIT 1 LIFE CHOICES
Section Ⅰ Topic Talk～Lesson 2
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．senior adj. 较高的，高级的
2．campus n. 校园
3．chapter n. 一段时期；章节
4．am (ante meridiem) 午前，上午
5．shift n. 当班时间
6．plus adj. 有利的，好的
prep. 加
7．arise vi. (问题或困难)出现，发生
8．chat vi. 闲谈，聊天
9．teen adj. 青少年的，十几岁孩子的
10．laptop n. 笔记本电脑，便携式电脑
11．native n. 本地人
12．range n. 一系列；范围
13．media n. 新闻媒体，大众传播媒介
14．drag vt. 拖，拉
15．goal n. 目标，目的
16．target n. 目标
17．ahead adv. 在前面；向前
18．café n. 咖啡馆，小餐馆
19．expert n. 专家，行家
20．extent n. 程度
21．thus adv. 因此，因而，从而
22．seek vt. 寻求；请求
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．secondary adj. 中等教育；中等的；次要的
2．dynamic adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的
3．schedule n. 日程表，计划表
4．apartment n. 公寓套房
5．leisure n. 空闲，闲暇，业余时间
6．lifestyle n. 生活方式
7．digital adj. 数字的，数码的
8．hardware n. (计算机)硬件
9．quality n. 质量，品质
10．meanwhile adv. 与此同时
11．downtown adv. 向/在城镇商业中心区
12．position n. 职位；位置
13．military n. 军队，武装力量
14．function n. 功能
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．stress vt.强调 n．压力；忧虑；紧张→ adj.充满压力的，紧张的→ adj.焦虑的，紧张的
2．challenge n．挑战；具有挑战性的事物 vt.向……挑战→ adj.富有挑战性的→ n．挑战者→ adj.受到挑战的；残疾的，有伤的；有缺陷的
3．differ vi.不同，不一样，有区别→ adj.不同的→__________ adv.不同地→ n．区别；差异
stressful
stressed
challenging
challenger
challenged
different
differently
difference
4．previous adj.以前的，先前的→ adv.先前；以前
5．expect vt.期望，期待；预料；认为→ n．期待；预料，预期→ adj.预期的；预料的→ adj.出乎意料的
6．confident adj.确信的；自信的，有信心的→ n．自信，信心；信赖→ adv.确信地；自信地，有信心地
7．competent adj.胜任的；有能力的→ n．能力，胜任
previously
expectation
expected
unexpected
confidence
confidently
competence
8．press vt.按；压；逼迫 n．报刊→ n．压力
9．recover vi.恢复健康，康复→ n．恢复，复原
10．injure vt.伤害，损害→ n．伤害→ adj.受伤的；受损害的
11．fortune n．运气；一大笔钱→ adj.幸运的→____________ adv.幸运地→ adj.不幸的；令人遗憾的→____________ adv.不幸地；令人遗憾地
pressure
recovery
injury
injured
fortunate
fortunately
unfortunate
unfortunately
12．surf vi.& vt.冲浪→ n．冲浪者→ n．冲浪运动
13．volunteer vi.& vt.自愿；志愿 n．志愿者→ adj.志愿的；服务的；自愿的→ adv.自愿地，志愿地；自动地
14．engine n．引擎，发动机→ n．工程师 v．设计；建造→___________ n．工程；工程学
15．definite adj.肯定的；清楚的→ adv.确切地，肯定地→_________ n．定义；清晰度
surfer
surfing
voluntary
voluntarily
engineer
engineering
definitely
definition
16．vary v．变化；不同→ adj.各种各样的；多种(类型)的→______ n．多样性
17．necessary adj.必要的→ n．必需品→ adv.必然地→ adj.不必要的
18．convenient adj.方便的；便利的；方便到达的→ adv.便利地→ n．便利→ adj.不方便的→_____________ n．不便；麻烦
various
variety
necessity
necessarily
unnecessary
conveniently
convenience
inconvenient
inconvenience
19．addict n．对……着迷的人 v．使上瘾，使沉迷→ n．入迷→ ________adj.上瘾的；对……入迷的→ adj.使人上瘾的，使人入迷的
20．actual adj.真实的；实际的→ adv. 实际上，事实上
21．aim n．目的，意图 vi.力求达到→ adj.没有方向的→________ adv.漫无目的地
22．update vt.更新→ adj.最新的；现代化的；适时的；校正的
addiction
addicted
addictive
actually
aimless
aimlessly
updated
23．distant adj.遥远的；不同的；冷淡的→ n．距离，间距→___________ adv.远离地；疏远地
24．revise v．复习→ n．复习；修订→ n．修订者→________adj.改进的
25．say vt.说；讲；说明；表明；写道；说道→ n．格言，谚语
26．suffer v．遭受(痛苦)→ n．痛苦；磨难→ n．受苦者
distance
distantly
revision
reviser
revised
saying
suffering
sufferer
27．reduce vt.减少；降低；缩小→ n．减少；下降；缩小
28．frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的→ adv.坦率地；坦诚地
29．edit vt.编辑；编纂→ n．编辑，主编→ n．版本
30．remove vt.移走；去掉→ n．移走；去掉
31．entire adj.完全的，彻底的→ adv.完全地，彻底地
reduction
frankly
editor
edition
removal
entirely
32．absolute adj.绝对的；完全的→ adv.正是，当然
33．tense adj.紧张的；紧的→ n．紧张；焦虑；拉力
34．organise vt.组织，筹划→ n．组织；机构→___________ n．组织者→ adj.有组织的；系统的
35．profession n．行业；职业→ adj.专业的，职业的
absolutely
tension
organisation
organiser
organised
professional
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.-ful 形容词后缀词知多少
①stressful 充满压力的，紧张的
②grateful 感恩的
③peaceful 和平的，安宁的
④hopeful 有希望的
⑤useful 有用的
⑥helpful 有帮助的
⑦careful 小心的
2.“压力；紧张”要了解
①tension n． 紧张；焦虑
②stress n. 压力；紧张
③pressure n. 压力；紧迫
④strain n. 压力；紧张；焦虑
⑤nervous adj. 紧张的
⑥tense adj. 紧张的
⑦anxious adj. 焦虑的
3.“目的；目标”多表达
①goal n． 目标，目的
②aim n. 目的
③target n. 目标，靶子
④object n. 目的；目标；物体
⑤end n. 目标；目的
⑥objective n. 目的；目标
⑦purpose n. 目的
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 总而言之，总的来说
2． 网上冲浪，浏览因特网
3． 有时；偶尔；间或
4． 按……所说，根据
5． 亲自
all in all
surf the Internet
from time to time
according to
in person
6． 社交媒体
7． 易于做某事；倾向于做某事
8． 取得进步，获得成功
9． 例如
10． 和……聊天
social media
tend to do sth.
get ahead
such as/for example
chat with
11． 在……方面做得好
12． (身体或精神上)遭受……(痛苦)
13． 坦白说，坦率地说
14． 因为
15． 换句话说
do well in
suffer from
to be frank
due to
in other words
[联想串记]
1.“n.＋prep.＋n.”短语汇聚
①all in all 总而言之
②step by step 一步步地，逐步地
③one by one 逐个地；依次地
④face to face 面对面；直面
⑤day after day 日复一日
⑥hand in hand 手拉手；密切合作
2.常用作插入语的不定式短语一览
①to be frank 坦白说，坦率地说
②to be exact 准确/确切地说
③to begin/start with 首先
④to sum up 总之
⑤to be brief 简言之
⑥to make things/matters worse 更糟的是
⑦to be honest/to tell the truth 说实话
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．状语从句的省略
教材原句 I can get injured while training or playing and that's the worst!
我可能在训练或比赛中受伤，这是最糟糕的！
推荐佳句 (新教材译林版必修2佳句)To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.
为了防止软组织损伤，确保你在运动时穿上合适的衣服和装备。
2．It is/was＋adj.＋to do sth.
教材原句 It's so convenient to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy.
购物前，能够比较不同的网络商店的质量和价格是非常方便的。
推荐佳句 (2022·全国乙卷)It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media.
通过社交媒体，人们很容易就能有一种联系感。
3．“do/does/did＋动词原形”强调谓语动词
教材原句 Actually, I do know I need to drag myself away from the online world sometimes，especially because real life can be just as interesting.
事实上，我非常清楚我有时需要强迫自己不上网，特别是因为现实生活也可以一样有趣。
推荐佳句 (2022·浙江1月高考)From Chinese calligraphy to Irish paintings, we did get a glimpse of various aesthetic masterpieces.
从中国书法到爱尔兰绘画，我们确实看到了各种美学杰作。
4．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
教材原句 It always makes me excited to work hard and achieve a team goal together.
全力以赴，一起实现团队目标，总是让我兴奋不已。
推荐佳句 (新教材外研版必修2佳句)It made people frightened of sharks，especially of the great white shark.
它使人们害怕鲨鱼，尤其是大白鲨。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
人物描写之肖像描写
To the public, he was seen as a slightly odd-looking but kind and funny man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. Although he was a genius, he sometimes forgot things, like his friends' birthdays.
[点评] 本段中使用了“thick moustache and long white hair”描写了一位不修边幅的长者形象。as though引导的从句使用了比喻的修辞手法，形象地刻画了他的幽默形象。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．One can always manage to do more things, no matter how full one's_________ (日程表) is.
2．It's important to meet friends in person from time to time, not just on social (媒体)．
3．They try to use any possible time to (复习) the things they have learned during the day.
schedule
media
revise
4．You can't judge a book by its cover, as the old (格言) goes.
5．The city (生活方式) seems to suit her — she's certainly looking very well.
6．The measures will improve the (质量) of the water in the river.
7．He holds an important (职位) in a large company.
saying
lifestyle
quality
position
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I felt I was doing well and my (confident) began to grow.
2．She was unable to attend because of the (press) of work.
3．There are (vary) teen magazines in the bookstore.
4．I'm ready to do all those things which are more_____________ (challenge)．
confidence
pressure
various
challenging
5．The house is only a very short (distant) from the sea.
6．The homeless man wandered in the street (aim), not knowing where to go.
7．The man was sent to the hospital because of his serious (injure)．
8．Compared with my previous job, my new job is less (stress)．
distance
aimlessly
injury
stressful
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．The girl couldn't entirely remove her tension fear.
2． ,I never expected to receive such a wonderful present.
3．Owing to your help, I have made great progress. ,I owe my progress to your help.
all in all， in other words， from time to time， to be frank， according to， get ahead， due to
due to
To be frank
In other words
4．Students are all put in different groups their ability.
5．I return to my hometown to visit my parents.
6．Her aim is to in this company, so she is working very hard.
7． ,although the weather was bad, the party was a great success.
according to
from time to time
get ahead
All in all
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)Lack of confidence and too much work pressure .
缺乏信心和太多工作压力使李明害怕他的新工作。
2．(完成句子) others cheer on us.
听见别人为我们加油喝彩是很令人激动的。
make Li Ming afraid of his new work
It is very exciting to hear
3．(一句多译)我们的工程师的确知道如何提高产品质量。
①Our engineer the quality of our products.(一般表达)
②Our engineer the quality of our products.(强调谓语动词)
4．The footballer got injured while he was playing against the other team.(升级为省略句)
→The footballer got injured .
knows how to improve
does know how to improve
while playing against the other team
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．differ vi.不同，不一样，有区别
(1)单句语法填空
①To observe sea life close, people have made (differ) kinds of special equipment.
different
②Only when we match our words with actions can we make difference in our life.
③The word “right” and “write” are spelt (different) but they are pronounced the same.
a
differently
(2)一句多译
不可否认，甚至双胞胎在性格上也可能会彼此有差异。
④There is no denying that even twins may___________________________
.(differ)
⑤There is no denying that even twins may____________________________
.(different)
differ from each other in
be different from each other in
character
character
系统归纳 (1)differ in 在……方面不同
differ from 不同于……，和……不同
differ with sb. 与某人意见不同
(2)different adj. 不同的；个别的，与众不同的
be different in 在某方面不同
be different from 不同于
(3)difference n. 差异，不同
make a difference 有影响，有关系；起(重要)作用
make no difference 没有影响/关系；没有作用
tell the difference between A and B 指出A与B的不同
微点提醒 differ from表示“与……不同”，而differ with则表示“不同意(某人或某种意见)”，相当于disagree with。
续表
2. arise vi.(arose, arisen)(问题或困难)出现，发生；(由……)引起，产生；起床；起身
(1)单句语法填空
①Many difficulties all over the world arise the water shortage.
②Problems arose out the lack of communication.
from
of
(2)辨析填空(arise/rise/raise/arouse)
One of the problems ③ from the present economic situation is that the price of daily goods is ④ sharply, of course, partly because some illegal businessmen ⑤ it on purpose, which has ⑥________ some objections.
arising
rising
raise
aroused
系统归纳 arise from/out of 由……产生；起因于
arise from one's seat 从座位上站起来
if/when the need rises 如果/当有需要时
微点提醒 (1)arise为不及物动词，表示“出现，发生”时，主语一般为matter, difficulty, problem, quarrel, trouble等抽象名词，不用于被动语态。
(2)易混辨析
arise vi.出现；发生；起身(arose/arisen/arising)
rise vi.升起；增长；上升(rose/risen/rising)
raise vt.举起；抚养；提高(raised/raised/raising)
arouse vt.唤醒；激起(aroused/aroused/arousing)
3.all in all总而言之，总的来说
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
① all, there are 90 universities for us to choose from.
②It isn't your fault. all, nobody knew exactly what he would do next.
In
After
③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)All all, I sincerely hope that Youth can make new progress and that more readers will participate in the interaction and share their own stories.
④(2022·全国甲卷) ,it is up to us humans to protect the oceans.
总而言之，保护海洋是我们人类的责任。
in
All in all
系统归纳 after all 毕竟，终究，别忘了
first of all 首先(强调顺序)
in all (＝in total＝altogether) 总共
at all (否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟
above all 最重要的是 (强调重要性)
4.get ahead取得进步，获得成功
(单句语法填空/同义句转换/完成句子)
①(2022·全国乙卷)They will be moving on the track ahead the train, and programmed to run autonomously.
②The workers overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months in advance.
→The workers overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months .
of
ahead of time/schedule
③ is the most important thing for me at the moment.
在工作中取得进步对我来说是目前最重要的事情。
系统归纳 go ahead 前进；进行
ahead of 在……前面；在……之前；优于
ahead of time/schedule 提前；提早
look ahead 展望未来；为未来设想
push ahead 向前推进
think ahead 事先考虑；预见
Getting ahead at work
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
1．不定式作主语和宾语
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①It's not as hard (learn) English well as you think.
②It is kind of my brother (help) the old man carry water every day.
to learn
to help
③The manager pretended (read) when we passed his office.
④You will your new classmates.
你将会发现与你的新同学和睦相处很容易。
⑤ the new bridge.
这位工程师花了两个月时间设计这座新桥。
to be reading
find it easy to get on well with
It took the engineer two months to design
2．不定式作表语和补语
(单句语法填空/句型转换)
①The next step is (carry) out our plan to make our dreams come true.
②We noticed a cat (disappear) into the garden when we walked by.
to carry
disappear
③We wish to help everyone in the world live a happy life.
→Our wish in the world live a happy life.
④The guide will lead us the way, and we will find the old stone house in the mountain.
→With ,we will find the old stone house in the mountain.
is to help everyone
the guide to lead us the way
3．不定式作状语和定语
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①I tried to climb to the top of the mountain (get) a better view.
②I hurried to the train station, only (find) the train had left.
③We hope it will keep warm in the days (come)．
to get
to find
to come
④I my essay published in the newspaper.
看到我的文章在报纸上出版，我很激动。
⑤The government is determined_____________________________________ _________in our city.
政府下定决心要找到一个有效的方法来解决我们城市的交通问题。
was excited to see
to find an effective way to solve the traffic
problems
[谨记规则]
(1)单个动词不定式作主语时谓语动词常用单数。
(2)“It＋be＋形容词＋for/of sb.＋to do sth.”句型中的形容词为careless, clever, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, right, silly, stupid, wise等对人进行评价的词时，不定式的逻辑主语前用介词of；其余情况用for。
(3)常使用“动词＋it＋宾补＋不定式”结构的动词有think, make, feel, find等。
(4)不定式作表语或定语常表示将要进行的动作或尚未发生的事情。
(5)不定式作状语可以表示目的、原因或结果等。
(6)在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但是这些句子如果变成被动语态，就必须带to。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．range n．一系列；范围；等级；类别，种类；幅度；界限；山脉；射程v.(在一定范围内)变动，变化；排列
常见考法 (1)a wide range of 大量的，许多
within/in range of 在……范围内
beyond/out of one's range 某人能力达不到的
(2)range from A to B 在A到B范围内变动
range between A and B 在A到B之间变动
升维考法 range作动词表示“(在一定范围内)变动，变化”时为不及物动词，一般用主动形式，其非谓语形式用ranging。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①Over the last seven years, public service campaigns have tried wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.
②The villa is well our price range and we have to give it up.
③We are surprised to find that few see everything that is the range of their vision.
④You can find quite a lot of toys, whose prices range ￡6 and ￡100.
a
beyond
within
between
?细练升维考法(句式升级)
⑤He has a number of interests, which range from playing chess to swimming.(改写为非谓语动词作后置定语)
→He has a number of interests_____________________________________.
ranging from playing chess to swimming
2．convenient adj.方便的，便利的
常见考法 (1)It is convenient for sb.to do sth. 某人方便做某事
(2)convenience n. 方便，便利
for convenience 为方便起见
for one's convenience/for the convenience of sb. 为了某人方便
at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候
升维考法 convenient常用作定语和表语，用作表语时，不能用表示人的词作主语，但可以用it作形式主语，常用“It is convenient for sb.to do sth.”句式。类似用法的形容词还有important, necessary, possible, probable等。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①For consumers' (convenient), many sellers offer to mail goods for free.
②(2020·天津高考)It allows me to learn English more______________ (convenient) and more efficiently.
③He was asked to make an appointment his earliest convenience.
convenience
conveniently
at
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
④If it is convenient you, I'll meet you at the entrance of the music hall at 7：00 that evening.
⑤(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) I am wondering whether_________________________ _____on Friday.
我想知道你星期五来是否方便。
for
it is convenient for you to
come
3．aim n．目的，意图；瞄准vi.& vt.力求达到；瞄准；对准；针对；旨在
常见考法 (3)aimless adj. 没有目标的；漫无目的的
aimlessly adv. 漫无目的地
升维考法 (1)aim at 既可表示动作，又可表示状态，其主语可以是人或物；be aimed at只表示状态，主语为物。
(2)主语是以aim为中心的名词结构时，动词常用不定式形式作表语。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①(2022·全国甲卷)World Oceans Day aims (raise) people's awareness of protecting oceans.
②Students visited the nursing home the aim of helping the old live a happier life.
③The boy walked (aim) in the garden with nothing to do.
to raise
with
aimlessly
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
④(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Our aim was (see) if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
⑤The school decides to start a new course. It is aimed at helping the students with reading disability.
→The school decides to start a new course the students with reading disability.(改写为定语从句)
→The school decides to start a new course the students with reading disability.(改写为过去分词短语作定语)
to see
which is aimed at helping
aimed at helping
4．from time to time有时；偶尔；间或
常见考法 at a time 一次，每次
at one time 曾经，一度
at any time 随时，任何时候
at no time 决不
in no time 立刻，马上
at times 有时
at the same time 同时
常见考法 in time 及时
for the first time 第一次，首次
on time 按时
升维考法 at no time表示“决不”，位于句首时句子的主谓要用部分倒装。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Additionally, from time time I will assign group work to be completed in class.
②In particular, he was very patient though times I had no way to solve some difficult maths problems.
③Luckily, the girl arrived at the station just time to catch the train.
④They met in the theatre the first time only to find they had a lot in common.
to
at
in
for
?细练升维考法(句式升级)
⑤Our football team will not give in to the difficulty at any time.(改写为倒装句)
→At no time to the difficulty.
will our football team give in
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．状语从句的省略(连词＋分词)
省略句的条件 状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或是代词it
状语从句谓语中含有be动词
省略句的形式 省略从句中的主语或it和be动词
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①When we were watching some videos about the heroic deeds in the battle against COVID-19, we realized the importance of responsibility.
→ about the heroic deeds in the battle against COVID-19, we realized the importance of responsibility.
When watching some videos
②These bad habits, if they are left unchecked，could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
→These bad habits, ,could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
if left unchecked
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③在帮助村民们修路时，我体会到了以前从未感受到的快乐。
,I experienced a kind of happiness that I had never felt before.
④如果被接受的话，我可以向游客介绍中国画的技巧，这可以帮助他们更多地了解中国文化。
,I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors, which can help them know more about Chinese culture.
When/While helping villagers repair the road
If accepted
2．“do/does/did＋动词原形”强调谓语动词
(1)“do/does/did＋动词原形”结构用于强调谓语动词，即在动词原形前加助动词do, does或did，表示“的确，确实，真的”。
(2)这种强调结构只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种，且没有疑问形式和否定形式。
(3)在祈使句中运用“do＋动词原形”形式，往往不表示命令，而表示强烈的请求，有时表达更加客气的语气。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①Although these problems are tough, they have solutions.
→Although these problems are tough, .
②Come to the meeting room on time this afternoon.
→ on time this afternoon.
they do have solutions
Do come to the meeting room
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③我们应该感激他们，因为他们的确竭尽所能来帮助我们了。
We should be grateful to them, as they________________________________
.
④我真的希望我能帮助每个人有足够的东西吃和有一个舒适的地方居住。
I can help everyone have enough to eat and a comfortable place to live in.
did do everything/all they could to
I do hope that
help us
3．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
(1)在“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、动词不定式(不带to)、介词短语等来充当；
(2)在此结构中，当表示“独一无二的官衔”的名词作补足语时，名词前无冠词；
(3)“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，作补语的动词不定式要加to。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Because of his brave heart and strong faith, something unusual happened finally.
→His brave heart and strong faith finally.
②It turned out that people liked and forwarded it crazily on the Internet, so that I became an Internet celebrity.
→It turned out that people liked and forwarded it crazily on the Internet, only to .
made something unusual happen
make me an Internet celebrity
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③音乐让我充满活力，让我觉得有力量去迎接新的挑战。
and I feel I have the strength to meet new challenges.
④这次经历使我们意识到全社会必须共同努力保护环境。
that the whole society must work together to protect the environment.
Music makes me energetic/full of energy
This experience made us realize
2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空
Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it __1__ . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive __2__， but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel __3__.
They're part of a new form of the __4__ economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in __5__ homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner's __6__.
It's not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully __7__ their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to __8__. But house sitting also offers a level of __9__ they can't find in a hotel. “It's like __10__ at a friend's house，” Jessica says.
The couple has a high __11__ rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner's __12__. For Jessica, that means __13__ plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house __14__ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right __15__ ，” she says.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了杰西卡和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的故事。在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受作为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
1．A.indoors B．online
C．single-handed D．full-time
答案：D
解析：空后面一句提到：在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡，在每个地方停留。由此可知，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。indoors“室内”；online“在线地”；single-handed“单独地”；full-time“全职地”。
2．A.game B．service
C．vacation D．procedure
答案：C
解析：结合上文可知，杰西卡在环球旅行，所以这可能听起来像是漫长且昂贵的假期。game“游戏”；service“服务”；vacation“假期”；procedure“程序”。
3．A.safe B．busy
C．helpful D．affordable
答案：D
解析：此处指这听起来像是一个漫长且昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们负担得起旅行。safe“安全的”； busy“忙碌的”； helpful“有帮助的”； affordable“负担得起的”。
4．A.local B．private
C．sharing D．agricultural
答案：C
解析：后文提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，帮助提供房子的人看房子，所以此处指：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。local“当地的”；private“私人的”；sharing“分享的”；agricultural“农业的”。
5．A.strangers' B．parents'
C．co-workers' D．neighbors'
答案：A
解析：根据上文可知，他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。strangers'“陌生人的”；parents'“父母的”；co-workers'“同事的”； neighbors'“邻居的”。
6．A.favor B．defense
C．honor D．absence
答案：D
解析：他们是house sitters (临时雇来看房子的人)，所以应该是房子主人不在家，让他们看房子。此处指他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。favor“帮助”；defense“防御”；honor“荣誉”；absence“缺席”。
7．A.plan B．explain
C．compare D．complete
答案：A
解析：因为是环球旅行，并且还当看房人免费住在陌生人家里，所以此处指这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。plan“计划”；explain“解释”；compare“比较”；complete“完成”。
8．A.buy B．transport
C．choose D．please
答案：D
解析：参见上题解析。buy“购买”；transport“运输”；choose“选择”；please“取悦”。
9．A.support B．comfort
C．control D．attention
答案：B
解析：后文提到像住在朋友家，所以此处指照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。support“支持”；comfort“舒适，安慰”；control“控制”；attention“注意”。
10．A.cooking B．staying
C．waiting D．studying
答案：B
解析：根据第二段的“Throughout their no-cost stays in homes”可知选B。 cook“烹饪”；stay“停留”；wait“等待”；study“学习”。
11．A.success B．survival
C．growth D．unemployment
答案：A
解析：第一段提到：在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡，在每个地方停留。由此可知，这对夫妇被接受作为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。success“成功”；survival“存活”；growth“生长”；unemployment“失业”。
12．A.budget B．abilities
C．expectations D．understanding
答案：C
解析：参见上题解析。budget“预算”；ability“能力”；expectation“期望”；understanding“理解”。
13．A.admiring B．donating
C．sending D．borrowing
答案：C
解析：因为杰西卡和她丈夫是临时雇来看房子的人，所以房子主人不在家。杰西卡就会发送大量宠物快乐的照片给宠物的主人。admire“钦佩”； donate“捐赠”；send“发送”；borrow“借来”。
14．A.clean B．open
C．simple D．empty
答案：A
解析：作为看房人，保持房子清洁是必要的，否则下次就很难成功成为看房人。clean“干净的”；open“开放的”；simple“简单的”；empty“空的”。
15．A.guess B．decision
C．response D．impression
答案：B
解析：上文提到，作为看房人，杰西卡发送大量宠物快乐的照片给房子的主人，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物，这样会让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定。guess“猜测”；decision“决定”；response“反应”；impression“印象”。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
生活常识和文化背景题的思维建模(第4题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)It might sound like one long, expensive vacation, but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel affordable.________
②(熟词生义)The two travelers carefully plan their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to please. ；_____
听起来
安排
取悦
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①travel the globe _________
②the sharing economy _________
③house sitters _______
④in one's absence _________________
⑤a high success rate _________
周游世界
共享经济
看房人
在某人不在的时候
高成功率
三、寻结构破长句
It might sound like one long, expensive vacation, but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel affordable.
抓标志：并列连词____
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译： ，但这对夫妇有一个不寻常的方法让他们能够负担得起旅行的费用。
but
这可能听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)For Jessica, that means sending plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house clean and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house.
赏析：在去(heading to)下一家之前，发送(sending)大量宠物快乐生活的照片，保持房屋清洁(keeping the house clean)，留下(leaving)一份漂亮的小礼物。作者使用and连接的三个并列的动名词短语作宾语，描述了杰西卡夫妇为了让房东开心所做的事情，表达紧凑达意。大量形容词的使用使得表意饱满，读来情真意切。
[对点练——完成句子]
It's wise of us to spend some time_____________________________________
________,which allows us to identify our strengths and weaknesses.
花些时间反思我们每天的学习活动是明智的，这会让我们发现自己的长处和短处。
reflecting on our everyday learning
activities
2．(赏逻辑之美)Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it full-time.
赏析：前后两个句子所描述的情形，通过使用介词like和unlike形成鲜明对比。杰西卡把环游世界当做全职工作来做，这种与众不同的做法能引起读者强烈的好奇心。
“UNIT 1 Section Ⅰ 课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看(共90张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Lesson 3～Reading Club
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．sort n． 种，类；类型
2．supply n. 供应，供给
3．flash vi.& vt. 闪现，闪过
n. 照相机闪光灯
4．besides prep. 除此之外
5．junior adj. 低年级的
6．gym n. 体育馆，健身房
7．moment n. 某一时刻
8．slide n. 幻灯片
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．feature vt. 以……为特色，是……的特征
2．province n. 省
3．certificate n. 合格证书
4．contact n. 联系，联络
vt. (写信，打电话)联系(某人)
5．charity n. 慈善机构，慈善团体
6．forward adv. 向前；进展
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．type n．类型；种类；品种→ adj.典型的；一贯的，平常的→ ________adv.典型地；一贯地，平常地
2．graduate vi.毕业 n．毕业生→ n．毕业；毕业仪式
3．inspire vt.鼓励；激励→ adj.令人鼓舞的→ adj.感到鼓舞的→ n．激励；灵感
typical
typically
graduation
inspiring
inspired
inspiration
4．apply vi.申请，请求 vt.申请；涂抹；应用→ n．申请者→___________ n．申请；应用→ adj.应用的
5．eager adj.热切的；渴望的→ adv.热切地；渴望地→_________ n．热切；期待
6．depend vi.依赖→ n．依赖；依靠→ adj.依赖的→_____________adv.依赖地→ adj.不依赖的；自主的→ _____________n．自主；不依赖
applicant
application
applied
eagerly
eagerness
dependence
dependent
dependently
independent
independence
7．power n．电；电力；力量→ adj.有影响力的；有权势的；强有力的→ adj.无影响力的；无权的
8．stable adj.稳定的→ n．稳定，可靠→ adj.不稳定的
9．dust n．灰尘；灰→ adj.布满灰尘的
10．mud n．泥土→ adj.泥泞的，多泥的
powerful
powerless
stability
unstable
dusty
muddy
11．tough adj.困难的；难办的→ adv.坚强地；固执地→_________ n．艰苦
12．responsible adj.负责的；有责任心的→ adv.负责地→____________ n．负责；责任→ adj.不负责任的
13．attract vt.吸引→ n．吸引；引力→ adj.有吸引力的；好看的，美观的
toughly
toughness
responsibly
responsibility
irresponsible
attraction
attractive
14．laugh vi.大笑→ n．笑声；笑
15．contribute vt.贡献；捐献→ n．贡献；捐款→__________ n．贡献者
16．intend vt.计划；打算；想要→ n．目的；意图
17．formal adj.正式的，官方的→ adv.正式地，官方地→________ adj.非正式的→ adv.非正式地
18．adapt vi.&vt.(使)适应；改编→ n．适应；改编；改编本→ __________adj.可适应的
laughter
contribution
contributor
intention
formally
informal
informally
adaptation
adaptable
19．present vt.提出；赠送；呈现 n．礼物；现在 adj.出席的，在场的→____________ n．报告；陈述，说明
20．digest vt.消化；理解 n．摘要→ n．消化
21．recreate vi.娱乐；消遣 vt.再创造；使得到娱乐/消遣→____________ n．娱乐，消遣→ adj.娱乐的，消遣的
22．entertain vt.娱乐；使有兴趣；招待→ n．娱乐→___________ adj.有趣的；娱乐的
presentation
digestion
recreation
recreational
entertainment
entertaining
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.in-否定前缀词多积累
①informal adj. 非正式的
②independent adj. 独立的
③indirect adj. 间接的
④inconvenient adj. 不方便的，不便利的
⑤incorrect adj. 不正确的
⑥inaccurate adj. 不精密的，不准确的
2.“力”有不同要识别
①power n． 力量；电力；权力；能力
②ability n. 能力
③strength n. 力量，力气
④energy n. 精力；活力
⑤force n. 力；力量；强制力量；武力
⑥might n. 强大力量，威力
3.“困难”面前显担当
①tough adj. 困难的，难办的
②difficult adj. 困难的；难对付的
③hard adj. 困难的；艰苦的
④challenging adj. 富于挑战性的
⑤tricky adj. 难对付的，棘手的
⑥troublesome adj. 令人烦恼的；困难的
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 从……毕业
2． 申请
3． 各种各样的
4． 放弃
5． 对付，应付，处理
6． 对……负责
graduate from
apply for
all sorts of
give up
deal with
be responsible for
7． ……以及……
8． 达到，符合，不辜负
9． 适应某事
10． 此刻，目前，眼下
11． 期待，盼望
12． 建立
13． 提出；想出
as well as
live up to
adapt to sth.
at the moment
look forward to (doing) sth.
set up
come up with
[联想串记]
1.live短语扫描
①live up to 达到，符合，不辜负
②live on 继续活着；以……为食
③live a ... life 过……的生活
④live for 为……而生活
⑤live without 在没有……的情况下生活
2.“v.＋up with”短语汇总
①come up with 提出；想出
②catch up with 赶上
③keep up with 跟上
④put up with 忍受
⑤team up with 与……合作/协作
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．现在分词短语作状语
教材原句 After a long day, Zhang Tian finally got back to his small room, feeling tired.
漫长的一天过后，张天疲惫不堪，终于回到了自己的小窝。
推荐佳句 (新教材译林版必修2佳句)Tai chi has taught me to relax my mind, enabling me to stay cool in stressful situations. 太极让我学会了放松心态，使我能够在有压力的环境下也能保持冷静。
2.部分否定
教材原句 However, not everything lived up to Zhang Tian's hopes.
但是，不是每件事都像张天希望的那样。
推荐佳句 (2021·全国乙卷)However, we students are not always smart online learners when taking advantage of various online programs for study.
然而，在利用各种在线课程进行学习时，我们学生并不总是明智的在线学习者。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
人物描写之性格描写
When I felt strong enough to get dressed and go downstairs, Diana and Mary looked after me very kindly, and made me feel welcome in their pleasant home. Their brother, however, seemed strict and cold. He was between twenty-eight and thirty, fair-haired and extremely handsome. Diana and Mary were curious about my past, but sensitive enough to avoid asking questions which would hurt me. St John, on the other hand, made determined efforts to discover who I was, but I, just as firmly, refused to explain more than necessary.
[点评] 本段中使用了“kindly, strict, cold, curious, sensitive, determined, firmly”等描写性格的词语，形象地刻画出了戴安娜和玛丽的和善和周到体贴，哥哥的冷漠，圣约翰的固执和“我”的坚定。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．After (毕业) from university, I've got a job at a tech company.
2．I think she has many good qualities (除了) being very beautiful.
3．After we (联系) with a welfare house, we sent the orphan there.
4．The thought suddenly (闪过) through my mind that the shadow could be a thief.
graduating
besides
contacted
flashed
5．The government plans to set up Internet centres in (农村的) villages.
6．A career in IT is becoming increasingly (有吸引力的) to graduates.
7．First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for (慈善)．
8．I started to agree with the (艰难的) choices she had to make on family and work.
rural
attractive
charity
tough
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Both of the two actors had the qualities that are typical the Chinese：kind and hard-working.
2．Chen Xi intended to make a (contribute) to charity after careful consideration.
3．The charity decided to supply the homeless water and food.
4．You have (responsible) for collecting the papers at the end of the class.
of
contribution
with
responsibility
5．My mother told me to learn to live (independent) when I grew up.
6． (inspire) by my English teacher, I begin working harder and harder.
7．Body language is one of the most (power) means of communication.
8．It is acceptable to write an email to your friend in an (formal) way.
independently
Inspired
powerful
informal
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．I'm terribly busy ,so I have no time to watch TV.
2．All of us seeing our hometown become more beautiful.
3．Everyone can the position if the requirements are met.
deal with， apply for， all sorts of， give up， at the moment， be responsible for， as well as， look forward to
at the moment
look forward to
apply for
4．We are encouraged not to making efforts to realize our dreams.
5．The company should the quality of their products.
6．There are activities for kids at the campsite.
7．Students will be taught how to mental pressure in the course.
8．The guide the visitors was surprised at what they saw in the mountains.
give up
be responsible for
all sorts of
deal with
as well as
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)To be honest, everyone in what they do.
说实话，每个人都想在他们所做的事情上获得成功。
2．(完成句子)The volunteers raise enough money for those in need.
志愿者们渴望帮助那些需要帮助的人筹集足够的资金。
intends to earn success
are eager to help
3．(一句多译)并不是所有人都喜欢待在同一个地方，每天做相同的工作。
① staying at the same place, doing the same work every day.
② staying at the same place, doing the same work every day.
All people don't like
Not all people like
4．The old man sat on the bench of the park, and watched the children running around happily.(升级为现在分词短语作状语)
→The old man sat on the bench of the park,___________________________
.
watching the children running
around happily
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．inspire vt.鼓励，激励
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)David was (inspire) instantly by what I said and decided to run.
inspired
②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) As a regular reader of Youth, I often get touched by_________ (inspire) stories and gain happiness from exciting news.
③Many poets and artists have drawn their (inspire) from nature.
④We're trying to inspire him confidence.
⑤His noble example .
他那高尚的榜样激励我们大家更加努力。
inspiring
inspiration
with
inspired us to make greater efforts
系统归纳 (1)inspire sb.with sth.＝inspire sth.in sb. 激励/鼓舞某人……
inspire sb.to do sth. 激励某人做某事
(2)inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的；有灵感的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；激动的；启发灵感的
inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞人心(的东西)
微点提醒 (1)inspired表示“受启发的；受到鼓舞/激励的”，用来形容人；
(2)inspiring表示“鼓舞人心的，令人振奋的”，用来形容某一事物。
2.apply vi.申请；请求；适用于；有效 vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①I'm writing to apply the position advertised in the newspaper.
②(2022·全国乙卷) First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies__ soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity.
for
to
③Over the years, he has applied himself to (improve) the living conditions of the migrant workers.
④I'd appreciate it if you could at your earliest convenience.
如果您能尽早考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。
improving
take my application into account
系统 归纳 (1)apply ...to ... 把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上
apply to ... 适应……；适用于……
apply (to ...) for ... (向……)申请……
apply oneself to 集中精力于，专心于
(2)application n. 申请；应用
applicant n. 申请者
applied adj. 应用的
微点 提醒 apply oneself to意为“专心于，专心从事”，其中to是介词，其后接名词或动名词。
3．give up放弃
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The doctor warned the patient to give up (smoke) due to his illness.
②The waste gives terrible smells and should be got rid of immediately.
smoking
off
③The discussion went on for hours as neither side would give .
④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) David was determined to finish his running, and .
大卫决心完成他的赛跑，他不会放弃。
in
he wouldn't give up
系统归纳 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
give up on 不再期望
give away 赠送；泄露；丧失
give back 归还，送回
give in (to) 屈服；投降；交上
give out 分发，发出；公布，发表；用尽，精疲力竭
give off 发出；放出；散发出
give way 让路；快车先行；让步
give rise to 引起；导致；造成；产生
微点提醒 give up可作及物动词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
4．deal with对付，应付，处理；涉及；与……打交道
(1)单句语法填空
①No one knows they will deal with the unexpected situation.
②The company deals tea and has branches all over the world.
③A great deal of energy (use) so far to produce what we need in our daily life.
how
in
has been used
(2)一句多译
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)现在，当他们在学好英语方面遇到困难时，很多学生都很想知道如何处理它。
④Now, when having trouble in learning English well, plenty of students urge to know .
⑤Now, when having trouble in learning English well, plenty of students urge to know .
how to deal with it
what to do with it
系统归纳 deal in 经营
make a deal 成交；达成交易
a great deal of 大量(后接不可数名词)
a good deal 划算，好交易
It's a deal. 就这么办，就这么定了。
微点提醒 deal with与 do with都可表示“处理”。表示“如何处理某事”时，deal with常与how搭配，do with常与what搭配。
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
1．-ed形容词的用法
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The boy was (delight) with his new toy car.He had been wanting one for a long time.
②The (excite) boy began to run around the village telling people the good news.
③When we saw all of them come back so early, .
当看到他们都这么早回来时，我们感到很惊讶。
delighted
excited
we felt surprised
2．-ing形容词的用法
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①This film is more (interest) than all of us thought.
②Though the work is (tire), no one wants to give it up.
③The movie most of the audience are watching it in tears.
这部电影非常感人，大多数观众都泪流满面地观看。
interesting
tiring
is so moving that
3．-ed形容词和-ing形容词的比较
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①I'm (frighten) of walking home alone in the dark.
②It was (amuse) to see different kinds of plants and birds in nature.
③The latest big idea is to make people more (interest) in sports.
④ ,the scientists .
看到这一令人困惑的现象，科学家们感到困惑和惊讶。
frightened
amusing
interested
Seeing the puzzling phenomenon
were puzzled and astonished
[谨记规则]
(1)-ed形容词主要用来说明人的感受，含有“感到……的”之意。这类形容词通常用于说明人；若修饰事物，则多为 air(神态), appearance(外貌), cry(哭声), face(表情), voice(声音), mood(情绪)等与显示某人的情感状况相关的名词。
(2)-ing形容词主要用来说明给人的感受，含有“令人……的”之意。这类形容词常用于说明事物的性质或特征；若修饰人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．intend vt.计划，打算，想要
常见考法 (1)intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事
intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
intend that ... 打算……[从句中谓语用(should＋)动词原形]
(2)be intended for ... 专为……而设计的，专供……使用的
be intended as 被用作……
be intended to do sth. 专为做某事而设计的；旨在做某事
常见考法 (3)intention n. 目的；意图
with the intention of 抱有……的目的
have no intention of doing sth. 不打算做某事；无意做某事
升维考法 (1)had intended to do sth.＝intended to have done sth.意为“本来打算做某事(但实际未做)”。
(2)hope, wish, mean, expect, plan, want, attempt等词语也常用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算，意为“本打算/希望做而未做”。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended (provide) stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range.
②The traditional Chinese dress, which is intended the grand ceremonies, shows due respect to the guests.
to provide
for
③This program was set up with an (intend) of providing help for homeless people.
④I was glad that I finally got the payment after working hard for two weeks.I intended (purchase) my favorite books.
⑤They intend that the plan (put) into practice within the year.
intention
to purchase/purchasing
(should) be put
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
他们原打算在城市居住，但最终去乡下定居了。
⑥They in the city, but they finally settled down in the countryside.
⑦They in the city, but they finally settled down in the countryside.
had intended to live
intended to have lived
2．adapt v．(使)适应；改编；改写
常见考法 (1)adapt (...) to (使……)适应于……
adapt oneself to 使自己适应或习惯于
adapt from 根据……改编
adapt ...for ... 将……改编成……
(2)adaptation n. 适应；改编；改写本
made a quick adaptation to ... 很快适应……
升维考法 (1)adapt to 中的to 为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词形式。
(2)形近词adopt表示“采纳(意见、计划、方法等)；采用；收养”等。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①My classmates and I have adapted a story from our English textbook____ a short play recently.
②On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of (adapt) — not to air or to food, but to the ocean.
③I firmly believe that with your generous help I will adapt the college life as soon as possible.
for
adaptation
to
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
④People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to (live) at high altitudes.
⑤The orphan is learning how she can adapt to her new life after she was adopted by an American couple.(改写为“疑问词＋不定式”结构作宾语)
→The orphan is learning after she was adopted by an American couple.
living
how to adapt to her new life
3．as well as ……以及……；和……一样好
常见考法 as wel 也；又；还(常位于句末，无须用逗号与句子分开)
may/might as well 还是……为好；不妨……
升维考法 (1)A as well as B作主语时，谓语动词的单复数随A的人称和数的变化而变化。
(2)as well as可以用来连接两个相同的成分，强调的重点在前面；放在句首时，后面的动词多用v.-ing形式。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Americans are still texting while driving, as well___ using social networks and taking photos.
②Now that we are travelling across the country, we may as well (buy) some gifts for the children.
③Tom as well as his friends (be) present at the concert yesterday.
as
buy
was
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
④As well as (work) in the firm, she spends a lot of time studying law.
⑤Lily is fond of watching football games.Her parents are fond of watching football games too.(改写为as well as连接两个主语)
→Lily watching football games.
working
as well as her parents is fond of
4．look forward to (doing) sth.期待，盼望
常见考法 look for 寻找
look after 照顾，照料
look up 抬头看；查阅
look up to sb. 尊敬某人
look into 调查；了解
look down upon/on 轻视，瞧不起
look back on/at 回顾
look ahead (to sth.) 展望未来；为将来设想
升维考法 在短语look forward to中，to为介词，其后动词作宾语时，应使用动名词形式。用法类似的动词短语还有：pay attention to, be used/accustomed to, be addicted to, contribute to, get down to, object to, stick to, devote oneself to, lead to等。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) We are looking forward the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.
②(2022·浙江1月高考) The firm went broke and left her looking a new job.
③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) The elderly residents in care homes in London are being given hens to look to stop them feeling lonely.
to
for
after
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
④(2020·浙江7月高考)Wish you recover soon and look forward to_______ (see) you again.
⑤He is looking forward to going to college as soon as possible. He studies day and night.(改为现在分词短语作状语)
→ ,he studies day and night.
seeing
Looking forward to going to college as soon as possible
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．现在分词短语作状语
(1)现在分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、方式或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句。
(2)现在分词(短语)作状语，含有一般式(doing)、完成式(having done)以及完成被动式(having been done)。
(3)一般情况下，分词作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语；如果作状语的分词的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致，分词就要带上自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。
注意：
(1)现在分词作状语时，如果表示否定，not要放在现在分词前面。
(2)用现在分词还是过去分词作状语的关键，首先是要分清非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间的关系是主动还是被动，其次是分清其动作和谓语动词动作的先后关系。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)When the father saw their downcast eyes, he told them to clean up the kitchen.
→ ,the father told them to clean up the kitchen.
②Because he hadn't been invited to the wedding of his friend, Jack was very upset.
→ ,Jack was very upset.
Seeing their downcast eyes
Not having been invited to the wedding of his friend
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③志愿者们决定到那个山村教学，希望帮助那里的孩子们获得更多知识。
The volunteers decided to teach in the mountain village, .
④由于不知道哪种方法更有效，我们只能在工作中尝试所有的方法。
,we have to try all the ways in our work.
hoping to help the children there gain more knowledge
Not knowing which way is more effective
2．部分否定
(1)all, both, every, everybody, everyone, everything, everywhere, always, often, whole, entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与not搭配使用时，表示部分否定，意为“并非都；并非两个都；
不是每个都；并非总是”。在这种部分否定结构中，不论not放在这些词前面还是后面，它们都表示部分否定。
(2)no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用时构成全部否定。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构(改写为部分否定句)
①(2022·全国甲卷)However, some people are not aware of the importance of oceans to humans though some others are.
→However, the importance of oceans to humans.
all people are not/not all people are aware of
②(2022·全国乙卷) Students learn English in different ways beyond the classroom.
→ in the same way beyond the classroom.
Not all students/All students don't learn English
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③并非世界上的每个人都有足够的食物和干净的饮用水。
enough food and clean drinking water.
④周围的村民没有一个了解这些工程师为什么到这个偏远的地方来。
why the engineers came to the remote place.
Not everyone has/Everyone doesn't have
None of the villagers around knows/know
2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ·阅读理解D篇
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions (份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly (表面上) participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.
Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.
For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.
The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “I'll have what she's having” effect. However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I'll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I？
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，与你一同进食的同伴会影响你的饮食习惯，想要减肥的人应当避免同食量大的瘦人一起进食。
1．What is the recent study mainly about
A．Food safety. B．Movie viewership.
C．Consumer demand. D．Eating behavior.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，《消费者研究杂志》最近的一项研究表明，我们的饮食同伴的体型和饮食习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量，而且要避免同食量大的瘦人一起进食，这表明这项最新研究主要是关于饮食行为的。
2．What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．Big eaters. B．Overweight persons.
C．Picky eaters. D．Tall thin persons.
答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段中的画线词所在句可知，研究表明，与现存的研究发现(应该避免和食量大的胖人一起吃饭)相反，你真正需要避开的是胃口大的又高又瘦的人。根据“contrary to”可知，画线词与heavier people 含义相反。
3．Why did the researchers hire the actor
A．To see how she would affect the participants.
B．To test if the participants could recognize her.
C．To find out what she would do in the two tests.
D．To study why she could keep her weight down.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，为了验证社交对饮食习惯的影响，研究人员进行了两个实验；再结合下文介绍的两个实验可知，聘用演员参加实验旨在查看演员对参加实验的人的饮食习惯的影响。
4．On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph
A．How hungry we are.
B．How slim we want to be.
C．How we perceive others.
D．How we feel about the food.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If this fellow participant ...his eating habits.”可知，我们对自己饮食的调整是以分析他人的饮食习惯和结果(即如何看待他人)为基础的。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
细节理解题的思维建模(第1题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments._____
②(一词多义)Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. _____
③(熟词生义)The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. _________________________
实施
要求
(扑克牌中)所有同花色的牌
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①contrary to ___________
②participate in _____
③help oneself to _____________
④in her natural state _________________
⑤a large amount of _______
⑥follow suit _______
与……相反
参加
自便；随便吃
在她的自然状态下
大量的
跟着做
三、寻结构破长句
1．The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions.
抓标志：连接词 ;从属连词_____
判类型：主句＋宾语从句(含有一个时间状语从句)
试翻译：测试表明， 。
that
when
社会环境在我们做决定时具有极大的影响
2．If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits.
抓标志：从属连词__________
判类型：条件状语从句＋主句＋原因状语从句
试翻译： ，我会克制一点，因为我看到了他饮食习惯的结果。
if; because
如果一个超重的人吃了很多
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have.
赏析：作者使用了followed suit和normally准确描述了实验中共同进餐的人对对方的影响——参与者也照做了，吃了比正常情况下更多的食物。
[对点练——单句语法填空/完成句子]
①Sundays are simple for me. I (normal) go to my grandparents' farm and feed chickens, cows and pigs.
②He has an excellent ability to convince others to .
他有很强的能力说服别人效仿。
normally
follow suit
2.(赏修辞之美)If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I
赏析：作者用反问的修辞手法结束整篇文章，用否定形式反问表示肯定，只问不答，答案暗含在反问句中——想要减肥的人应当避免同食量大的瘦人一起进食。态度鲜明，发人深思，增强了文章的气势和说服力。
“UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ 课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看(共111张PPT)
UNIT 2 SPORTS AND FITNESS
Section Ⅰ Topic Talk～Lesson 2
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．golf n． 高尔夫
2．jog vi.& n. 慢跑
3．track n. 跑道
4．diet n. 日常饮食
5．stair n. 楼梯；梯级
6．net n. (网球等的)球网；网
7．court n. (网球等的)球场
8．within prep. 在……之内
9．defeat vt. (在比赛、战争中)战胜，打败
10．guy n. (非正式)男人，家伙
11．shot n. 投球，击球
12．bench n. 替补队员席
13．crash vi.& vt. 猛撞
14．onto prep. 到……上，向……上
15．extra adj. 额外的，另外的
16．clap vi.& vt. 鼓掌，拍手
17．boxing n. 拳击(运动)
18．belt n. 腰带，皮带
19．bite vi.& vt. 咬
20．case n. 状况，场合；事例，实例
21．quit vi.& vt. 停止(做某事)
22．tip n. 建议，忠告，窍门
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．badminton n． 羽毛球
2．bowling n. 保龄球
3．skateboard n. 滑板
vi. 用滑板滑行
4．underdog n. 处于劣势的人(队)；弱方
5．company n. 公司；一群人
6．bounce vi.& vt. (使)弹起，(使)反弹
7．audience n. 观众；听众
8．warm-up 热身运动，准备活动
9．halfway adv. 半途地
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．athlete n．运动员→ adj.运动的→ n．田径运动
2．frequent adj.经常的→ adv.频繁地；经常→ n．
发生的频率，发生率
3．prefer vt.更喜欢，较喜欢→ n．偏好，喜好→__________ adj.更可取的，更合适的
athletic
athletics
frequently
frequency
preference
preferable
4．gymnast n．体操运动员→ n．体操→ n．体育馆
5．cycle vi.骑自行车→ n．骑自行车的人→ n．骑自行车
6．balance n．均衡，平衡；平衡能力→ adj.均衡的
7．regular adj.规律的；规则的→ adv.经常；定期地→_________ n．规则→ vt.约束；控制；管理
gymnastics
gymnasium
cyclist
cycling
balanced
regularly
regulation
regulate
8．champion n．冠军，第一名→ n．冠军称号
9．inspire vt.鼓励；激励→ n．激励；灵感→ adj.令人鼓舞的→ adj.受到鼓舞的
10．replace vt.代替→ n．替换的人(物)
11．desire n．渴望，愿望，欲望 v．渴望，期望→ adj.渴望的；想要的→ adj.令人满意的；有吸引力的；值得的
championship
inspiration
inspiring
inspired
replacement
desirous
desirable
12．gather vi.&vt.聚集，聚合→ n．聚集；集会
13．pack n．包，包裹 vi.&vt.把……包起来→ n．(装有物品的)包，盒子；包装；打包vt.包装
14．sharp adj.急剧的，猛烈的；尖的，锋利的 adv.(时间)整点→________ adv.严厉地，毫不客气地；猛烈地→ vi.& vt.(使)变得锋利→__________ n．磨具，削具
15．energy n．力量，活力→ adj.有活力的
gathering
package
sharply
sharpen
sharpener
energetic
16．crowd n．人群→ adj.拥挤的
17．earn vt.赢得；博得→ n．收入；赚得的钱
18．announce vt.通知，通告→ n．通告，公告→__________ n．解说员；广播员
19．remind vt.使(某人)想起，提醒→ n．暗示；提醒人的事物
20．prohibit vt.禁止→ n．禁止
21．annual adj.一年一度的，每年的→ adv.一年一度地，每年地
crowded
earning
announcement
announcer
reminder
prohibition
annually
22．apply vi.申请→ n．申请书→ n．申请人
23．occupy vt.占用，占去(时间)→ n．占有；职业→ _________ adj.已被占用的；无空闲的
24．disappoint vi.& vt.(使……)失望→ n．失望；扫兴；沮丧→ adj.令人失望的→ adj.感到失望的
25．amaze vt.使感到吃惊→ adj.令人赞叹的→ adv.惊人地，了不起地→ adj.吃惊的；惊奇的→ n．吃惊
application
applicant
occupation
occupied
disappointment
disappointing
disappointed
amazing
amazingly
amazed
amazement
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.-ment名词后缀词多积累
①replacement 替换的人(物)
②announcement 通告，公告
③disappointment 失望；扫兴；沮丧
④government 政府
⑤statement 陈述
⑥advertisement 广告
⑦agreement 协议；同意
2.合成词(n.＋n.)巧集结
①skateboard n． 滑板
②sunrise n. 日出
③housekeeper n. 女管家
④headache n. 头痛
⑤armchair n. 扶手椅
⑥newspaper n. 报纸
⑦steamboat n. 汽船
3.“运动项目”有哪些
①badminton n． 羽毛球
②bowling n. 保龄球
③skateboard n. 滑板
④boxing n. 拳击(运动)
⑤golf n. 高尔夫
⑥jog vi.& n. 慢跑
⑦tennis n. 网球
⑧rugby n. 橄榄球运动
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 而不是
2． 健康状况良好/不佳
3． 争取成为；参加选拔
4． 猛撞，猛击
5． 聚集
6． 不再……
rather than
in good/bad shape
try out for sth.
crash into
gather around
not ...anymore
7． 使失望，辜负
8． 取得成功；奏效
9． 跟上，保持同步
10． 以防万一
11． 报名
12． 应该，应当
let sb.down
pay off
keep up with
in case
sign up
ought to
[联想串记]
1.“v.＋into”结构的短语荟萃
①crash into 猛撞，猛击
②knock into 撞上；打进；偶然碰到
③get into 进入；陷入；养成
④fall into 分成；陷入
⑤break into 闯入
2.“成功”短语汇聚
①pay off 取得成功
②earn success 获得成功
③make it 成功做到；及时抵达
④be victorious 成功，胜利
⑤come to the top 出名，取得成功
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．It is/was time to do sth.“到了做某事的时间了”
教材 原句 It's your time to shine.
你发光发亮的时刻到了。
推荐 佳句 (2022·全国甲卷)Now, it is time to call on people around us to take action, and I believe we will have cleaner oceans.
现在，是时候呼吁我们周围的人采取行动了，我相信我们将拥有更清洁的海洋。
2.rather than ...“而不是……”
教材原句 I prefer to play sports with friends rather than exercise by myself, so football is perfect for me!
我更喜欢和朋友一起运动而不是自己锻炼，因此，足球是最适合我的！
推荐佳句 ①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Rather than scolded me, he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize to our neighbor.
他没有责备我而是表扬了我的诚实，然后鼓励我向我们的邻居道歉。
②(新教材人教版选择性必修2佳句)Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.
她们没有一路乘坐商业航班，而是决定先飞到温哥华，然后再乘坐火车。
续表
3．This is because ...“这是因为……”
教材 原句 This is all because I exercise quite regularly.
这全是因为我经常锻炼。
推荐 佳句 (2022·全国乙卷)This is because listening to English songs and watching English movies are beneficial to improving their spoken English.
这是因为听英语歌曲和看英语电影有利于提高他们的英语口语。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
人物描写之神态描写
All of us stood there staring at the wonderful machine before us. None of us knew what to think of it. We all respected and admired the scientist, but this was something too impossible to believe. I looked over at Filby, who knew the scientist better than any of us, and was surprised to see him smiling. He turned to me and started to shake his head, saying softly, “What if he really has done it What if this is all for real Think about it！”
[点评] 本段中使用了“staring at, respected, admired, looked over at, smiling, turned, shake, saying softly”等动词(词块)，形象地刻画出了不同人物的神态和心理状态。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．His book reached an even wider (观众) when it was made into a movie.
2．Can someone (提醒) me what I should do next
3．Welford cut through the (后卫) to score the winning goal.
4．Helen was fully (占用) with business matters.
audience
remind
defence
occupied
5．A nicotine spray can help smokers (停止) the habit.
6．Two elections were held (在……之内) the space of a year.
7．Her purpose for writing was a (渴望) for women to get the right to higher education.
8．Unless some (额外的) money is found, the theatre will close.
quit
within
desire
extra
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1． (amaze), the building has no heating or air conditioning.
2．She made her (announce) after talks with the president.
3．Further information is available on (apply) to the principal (校长)．
4．Despite winning the title, their last campaign ended in great_______________ (disappoint)．
Amazingly
announcement
application
disappointment
5．Their (defend), so strong last season, has now lost 12 goals in six games.
6．The park was (crowd), so it took us some time to find an available site.
7．Most people nowadays are so busy with their lives that they do not have time to enjoy a (balance) diet.
8．Sue fell ill, so we needed to find a (replace) for her.
defence
crowded
balanced
replacement
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．You'd better set the alarm clock you get up late tomorrow morning.
2．I will immediately as I am interested in the new course.
3．He finally achieved his aim; he didn't us .
in good shape， crash into， try out for， let ... down， keep up with， in case， pay off， sign up
in case
sign up
let
down
4．He all his debts with the money raised by his writings.
5．If you can't face various kinds of challenges, you can't the current situation.
6．He's for a man of his age as a result of his regular exercise.
7．He spent much time in New York various positions.
8．The car went out of control and the tree by the roadside.
paid off
keep up with
in good shape
trying out for
crashed into
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子) we want to live in harmony with nature.
这是因为我们想与自然和谐共处。
2．(一句多译)到了我们下定决心解决这个问题的时候了。
① to solve the problem.
② to solve the problem.
This is because
It is time for us to make up our minds
It is time that we made/should make up our minds
3．(一句多译)每次我们见到李教授，他总是忙于工作。
①Whenever we see Professor Li, he .(busy)
②Whenever we see Professor Li, he .
(occupied)
4．Tom wants to travel around the world instead of his parents.(升级为rather than连接两个主语)
→ to travel around the world.
is always busy with his work
is always occupied with his work
Tom rather than his parents wants
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．remind vt.使(某人)想起，提醒
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me the popular Beatles' song “The Long and Winding Road”．
of
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)She secretly stuck some famous sayings such as “Where there is a will, there is a way” on my table, reminding me (keep) a positive attitude toward life.
③The post card is a (remind) of our precious friendship.
④The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will .
一旦你到达山顶，你看到的滚滚云海会提醒你，我们人类是多么的渺小。
to keep
reminder
remind you how tiny we humans are
系统归纳 (1)remind sb.of (doing) sth.
提醒某人(做)某事；使某人想起(做)某事
remind sb.to do sth. 提醒某人去做某事
remind (sb.) that/how/what ... 提醒(某人)……
(2)reminder n. 暗示；提醒人的事物
微点提醒 常见的“v.＋sb.＋of sth.”短语还有：
①cure sb.of sth. 治好某人的病
②accuse sb.of sth. 控告某人某事
③rob sb.of sth. 抢劫某人某物
④inform sb.of sth. 通知某人某事
⑤convince sb.of sth. 使某人相信某事
续表
2．prohibit vt.禁止
(1)单句语法填空
①The high cost of equipment prohibits many people taking up this sport.
②It was the bad weather that prohibited their (go) to the science museum.
③They voted in favor of the (prohibit) of smoking in public areas.
from
going
prohibition
(2)一句多译
众所周知，学校禁止学生考试作弊。
④As we all know, schools___________________________________________
in exams.(prohibit)
⑤As we all know, schools in exams.(forbid)
⑥As we all know, schools in exams.(prevent)
prohibit students from cheating/students' cheating
forbid students from cheating/students to cheat
prevent students from cheating
系统归纳 (1)prohibit (doing) sth. 禁止(做)某事
prohibit sb.from doing sth.＝prohibit sb.'s doing sth.
禁止某人做某事
(2)prohibition n. 禁止；禁令
a prohibition against/on sth. ……的禁令
微点提醒 “禁止/阻止某人做某事”的同义表达：discourage/ban/prevent/keep/stop sb.from doing sth.; forbid sb.(from) doing sth./forbid sb. to do sth.等。
3．pay off取得成功；奏效；达到目的
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①(2022·浙江1月高考)Finally, my hard work paid — we were awarded an A, which gave me great satisfaction.
②(2022·全国甲卷)Be sure to pay visit as part of your stay in the city.
off
a
③After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay___ their schooling.
④ and body language when communicating with others.
在与他人交流时，要注意你的声音和肢体语言。
for
Pay attention to your voice
系统归纳 pay sth.off 付清，偿清
pay sb.off 付清工资后解雇；遣散
pay for 为……付款；为……付出代价
pay back 还钱；回报
pay a price for ... 为……付出代价
pay attention to 注意
pay a visit to 参观；拜访
微点提醒 pay off表示“得到回报；取得成功”时是不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态。
4．keep up with跟上，保持同步
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)We can keep up the current affairs through Youth, which leads us into the outer world as a silent friend.
②She couldn't keep her tears when she heard the exciting news.
with
back
③(2022·浙江1月高考) I sincerely wish we could keep touch with each other.
④It's the most important so that you can have enough energy to take up the challenge.
最重要的是保持良好的健康状态，以便于你能有足够的精力迎接挑战。
in
to keep up a good state of health
系统归纳 keep up (使)不低落；持续；坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗等)
keep off 避开；不接近
keep ...out of 不使……入内
keep away from ... 躲开；置身于……之外
keep back 阻止；隐瞒；保留
keep in touch with ... 与……保持联系
keep ...in mind 记住……
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
微点提醒 (1)keep up with为及物动词短语，意为“跟上，不落人之后；齐肩并进；紧跟”；
(2)keep up可作及物动词短语或不及物动词短语，意为“(使)不低落；持续；坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗等)”。
续表
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
1．关系代词的基本用法
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Those want to see the film set down your names, please.
②Do you know the lady our English teacher is talking with under the big tree
who
that/whom/who
③Do you still remember the chicken farm we visited three months ago
④The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
⑤The day is special for him.
他永远不会忘记的那一天对他来说是特别的。
that/which
whose
which/that he will never forget
2．which与that的区别
(单句语法填空)
①The most interesting book I have ever read is Howl's Moving Castle.
②The bridge on they were standing collapsed.
③He was watching the children and parcels filled the car.
④Have you ever read the book, was written by a young girl
that
which
that
which
3．定语从句中的主谓一致
(单句语法填空)
①The books that (be) sold out in two weeks were all written by Tom.
②He is one of the players who (be) presented with the medal.
③He is the only one of the players who (be) presented with the medal.
were
were
was
[谨记规则]
(1)定语从句是指一个句子作定语，修饰一个名词，该名词叫先行词。引导定语从句的 that, which, who, whom, whose等叫关系代词，常在从句中作主语或者宾语，而 whose 常在定语从句中作定语。
(2)当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时，或者当先行词被the only, the very, the last，序数词、形容词最高级修饰时以及当先行词既指人又指物时，关系代词常用that。
(3)关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句谓语动词的人称和数一般与先行词的人称和数保持一致。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．prefer vt.(preferred, preferred)更喜欢；宁愿
常见考法 (1)prefer doing/to do sth. 更喜欢做某事
prefer A to B 与B相比更喜欢A
prefer sb.to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
prefer that ...宁愿[从句中谓语动词用一般过去时或(should＋)动词原形]
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①(2022·全国甲卷)Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils, instead preferring (use) their hands.
②(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)I have a (prefer) for running, so I took part in the cross-country running race.
③He preferred you (give) him a hand.
④The teacher prefers that his students (do) their tasks well on their own.
using/to use
preference
to give
(should) do/did
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
越来越多人宁愿过简单的生活也不愿破坏环境。
⑤More and more people the environment.(prefer ...rather than ...)
⑥More and more people the environment.(prefer ... to ...)
prefer to live simply rather than destroy
prefer living simply to destroying
⑦More and more people the environment.(would)
⑧More and more people the environment.(would rather)
would live simply rather than destroy
would rather live simply than destroy
2．desire n．渴望，愿望，心愿 vt.期望，希望
升维考法 (1)desire不用于进行时态，后接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。此外，含desire的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。
(2)表示“渴望得到某物”的短语还有：
be dying/eager/thirsty/hungry for sth., long for sth.；
表示“渴望做某事”的短语还有：be dying/ eager/desperate/anxious to do sth., long to do sth.等。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)If you desire (challenge) yourself, there is nothing to do with others' thoughts.
②Jenny has a strong desire success so she always works hard.
to challenge
for
③He had a strong desire (have) a home of his own, for he had always lived with others.
④The house has so many (desire) features that he's made up his mind to buy it.
to have
desirable
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
⑤(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)I desire that more readers__________________ (participate) in the interaction and share their own stories.
⑥He desires his book to reach as many people as possible.(改写为宾语从句)
→He desires as many people as possible.
(should) participate
that his book (should) reach
3．occupy vt.占用，占去(时间)；占据
常见考法 (1)occupy oneself with sth./(in) doing sth. 忙于(做)某事
(2)occupied adj. 被占据的；使用中；忙于
be occupied with sth./(in) doing sth. 忙于(做)某事
keep sb. occupied 使某人忙碌
(3)occupation n. 占领；职业
升维考法 occupy只用作及物动词，后接名词或代词作宾语；常用于occupy oneself with sth./(in) doing sth.结构中，表示“从事于，忙于”。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①As the final examinations draw near, students begin to occupy__________ (they) with the review of the term's work.
②Please fill in the form with your name, age and (occupy)．
themselves
occupation
③The train got jam-packed and all of the seats were (occupy)．
④To avoid feeling lonely, the old man always keeps himself_________ (occupy)．
occupied
occupied
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
在我的业余时间，我经常忙于练习英语口语，所以我英语说得很流利。
⑤In my spare time, I my oral English, so I speak English fluently.(occupy)
⑥In my spare time, I my oral English, so I speak English fluently.(occupied)
often occupy myself in practicing
am often occupied in practicing
4．in case以防万一
常见考法 in case of 万一……，如果发生……
in any case 无论如何；不管怎样
in this/that case 如果是这样/那样的话
in no case 绝不
in most cases 在大多数情况下
as is often the case 这是常有的事
升维考法 (1)in case引导条件状语从句时，意为“如果，万一”；引导目的状语从句时，意为“以免，以防”。in case of后接名词(词组)。
(2)in no case为否定词组，意为“在任何情况下都不，绝不”；若置于句首，句子需用部分倒装。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
① is often the case, my friends come to my assistance whenever I am in trouble.
②(2022·全国甲卷)Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, most cases, by visual recognition alone.
③You'll have to be at the station by 8：00 a．m. case you may miss it.
④My mother reminded me to take an umbrella in case rain.
As
in
in
of
?细练升维考法(句式升级)
⑤(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)All the participants would in no case give up halfway no matter how difficult it was.(改写为倒装句)
→ halfway no matter how difficult it was.
In no case would all the participants give up
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．It is/was time to do sth.“到了做某事的时间了”
(1)It is/was time for sth./for sb.to do sth.意为“到了……的时间了/到了某人做某事的时间了”。
(2)It is/was (high) time that ...should do/did sth.意为“到了做某事的时间了”，相当于It is/was time for sb.to do sth.。
(3)It/This/That＋is (was)＋the first/the second/...time that...表示“某人第一次/二次/……次做某事”。(注意：从句的谓语动词常用现在完成时或过去完成时，is与has/have done对应，was与had done对应)
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) It was time for David to prove his determination and courage.
→It was time that David .
proved/should prove his determination and courage
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) This is my first time to invite you to attend our program — “Talk and Talk”．
→This is the first time that — “Talk and Talk”．
I have invited you to attend our program
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③为了提高自己，是你应该专心于你的工作的时候了。
In order to improve yourself, your heart into your work.
④这是这些孩子第一次亲自做实验体验科学。
It/This is the first time that to experience science themselves.
it is high time that you should put
these children have done an experiment
(3)rather than用于连接两个并列成分；连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。rather than 放句首接不定式时通常省略to。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①(2022·全国甲卷) In fact, humans are to blame for the damaged ocean environment instead of other animals.
→In fact, for the damaged ocean environment.
②We want to experience a new lifestyle instead of living in the same way as our parents.
→We prefer in the same way as our parents.
humans rather than other animals are to blame
to experience a new lifestyle rather than live
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
与待在家里无所事事相比，我更愿意在社区当一名志愿者。(一句多译)
③I prefer at home doing nothing.
④I would at home doing nothing.
to work as a volunteer in communities rather than stay
work as a volunteer in communities rather than stay
⑤I would rather at home doing nothing.
⑥他们说不是职员，而是主管要为这次事件负责。
They said the director the incident.
work as a volunteer in communities than stay
rather than the clerks, was responsible for
3．This is because ...“这是因为……”
(1)This/That is because ...“这/那是因为……”，because引导表语从句，表示原因。
(2)This/That is why ...“这/那就是为什么……”，why 引导表语从句，表示结果。
(3)The reason why ...is/was that ...“……的原因是……”，表语从句常用that 引导。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①(2022·全国乙卷) I prefer to learn English online, because there are plenty of materials online to help learn English.
→I prefer to learn English online.____________________________________
.
This is because there are plenty of
materials online to help learn English
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) None of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team.That was the reason.
→ none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team.
That was why
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)这是因为我经常被鼓舞人心的故事所感动，并从激动人心的消息中获得快乐。
by inspiring stories and gain happiness from exciting news.
④那就是越来越多的人对中国传统文化感兴趣的原因。
_________________________________________________________________
traditional Chinese culture.
This is because I often get touched
That's why/That's the reason why more and more people are interested in
⑤他没有报名参加这门课程的原因是他对健美没有兴趣。
he had no interest in body building.
⑥从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为大约71%的表面被水覆盖。
From space, the earth looks blue. ________________________________
.
The reason why he didn't sign up for the course is that
This is because about seventy-one
percent of its surface is covered by water
2022·新高考 Ⅱ 卷·阅读理解D篇
As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner.
“Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken，” says Dr.Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That's what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise — balance training and weight training — three times a week.The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.
“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30- or 35-year-old hearts，” says Levine. “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise.” But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn't change, he says.
“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven't already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility，” Levine says.“We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all.”
Dr.Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine's findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是锻炼对于心脏的好处。
1．What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band
A．The right way of exercising.
B．The causes of a heart attack.
C．The difficulty of keeping fit.
D．The aging process of the heart.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的本·莱文博士说的话以及“That's what happens to the heart.”可知，莱文想通过提到橡皮筋来解释心脏的老化过程。
2．In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design
A．Diet plan. B．Professional background.
C．Exercise type. D．Previous physical condition.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The first group ...days a week.”可知，第一组每周参加三次无氧运动——平衡训练和重量训练；第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多天的高强度有氧运动。由此可知，两组在研究设计上的不同在于运动类型的不同。
3．What does Levine's research find
A．Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.
B．High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young.
C．It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.
D．The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“The second group ...in heart health.”和第四段莱文说的话可知，莱文的研究发现了通过有氧运动，中年人的心脏会变得更年轻。
4．What does Dr.Nieca Goldberg suggest
A．Making use of the findings.
B．Interviewing the study participants.
C．Conducting further research.
D．Clarifying the purpose of the study.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But the study ...make the biggest difference.”可知，妮卡·戈德堡博士建议进行进一步的研究。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模(第4题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(熟词生义)As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. _____
②(一词多义)And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner. _____
③(熟词生义)Dr.Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine's findings are a great start. _____
变老
锻炼
开端
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①even if ___________
②show up __________
③in one's 50s ___________________
④in the beginning _____
⑤get in shape __________
即使；尽管
出现；露面
在某人50多岁的时候
起初
健身；塑形
⑥be divided into _______
⑦participate in _____
⑧three times a week __________
⑨under the guidance of _______________
⑩make the biggest difference _____________
被分成
参加
每周三次
在……的指导下
起最大的作用
三、寻结构破长句
1．As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be.
抓标志：从属连词_____________
判类型：时间状语从句＋让步状语从句＋主句＋比较状语从句
试翻译： ，心脏处理氧气的效率 。
as; even if; as
随着我们变老，即使我们很健康
也不像以前那么高了
2．Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
抓标志：连接词 ;从属连词_______
判类型：主句＋宾语从句(含有一个让步状语从句；动名词短语作主语)
试翻译：莱文发现，幸运的是，对于那些中年人士来说， ，现在健身也可能有助于改善你老化的心脏。
that
even if
即使你不是一个热情的运动爱好者
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven't already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility，” Levine says.
赏析：用形容词sweet修饰spot来描述开始锻炼的最佳时机，增加了参与锻炼的吸引力；has flexibility加上副词still，客观说明了中年后期心脏的特点，生动描述了不可错过这一时机锻炼的紧迫性。
[对点练——单句语法填空/完成句子]
①Swimming can increase (flexible) of our body, enhance balance and coordination.
②Proper food, regular exercise and a positive attitude can be beneficial to us during .
适当的食物、定期的锻炼和积极的态度可以在这个苦中带甜的一年里让我们受益匪浅。
flexibility
this bitter but sweet year
2.(赏结构之美)And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump a lot more blood during exercise.
赏析：本句使用了定语从句和表语从句。省略了why的定语从句准确指出了是哪一方面的原因，that引导的表语从句说明了原因的内容。句子结构严谨，语言精练，表意充分。
3．(赏修辞之美)“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30- or 35-year-old hearts，” says Levine.
赏析：“我们把这些50岁的心脏的时钟拨回到30或35岁的心脏。”Levine通过把心脏的年龄比作时钟，生动形象地说明了锻炼的效果，表意贴切，给人以深刻印象。
“UNIT 2 Section Ⅰ 课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看(共107张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Lesson 3～Reading Club
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．system n． 系统
2．upper adj. 较上的，上面的
3．flow vi. 流，流动
n. 流动
4．oxygen n. 氧
5．ache n. 隐痛
6．click vi.&vt. 点击(鼠标)
7．amount n. 数量，数额
8．muscle n. 肌肉
9．bone n. 骨头，骨
10．sweat n. 汗水
11．overdo vt. 把……做得过火
12．sight n. 视野
13．bronze n. 铜
14．medal n. 奖牌；勋章
15．gesture n. 姿态；手势；姿势
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．immune adj. 免疫的；有免疫力的
2．awkward adj. 令人尴尬的
3．disease n. 疾病
4．guideline n. 指导方针，指导原则
5．principle n. 原则，基本的观念
6．shortcut n. 捷径，近路
7．overnight adv. 突然，一下子
8．overtake vt. 超过
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．relieve vt.减轻，缓解→ adj.感到宽慰的→ n．减轻，缓解
2．strong adj.强壮的；坚强的→ adv.强烈地；坚定地；(气味)浓重地→ n．力气；力量；强项→ vi.& vt.(使)强健
3．week n.周→ adj.一周一次的，每周的
4．particular n．尤其，特别 adj.特定的→ adv.特别地；尤其
relieved
relief
strongly
strength
strengthen
weekly
particularly
5．benefit n．好处，益处→ adj.有益的
6．member n．成员；成员国；(某团体中的)个体→ n．会员身份
7．equip vt.装备，配备→ n．设备，装备
8．capable adj.能干的；能力强的→ n．能力；才能；实力；力量
beneficial
membership
equipment
capability
9．prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡→ n．防止；预防；阻止；阻碍→ adj.可防止的；可预防的
10．detail n．细节→ adj.详细的
11．achieve vt.完成，实现→ adj.可完成的；做得成的→____________n．成就
12．satisfy vt.使满意→ n．满足，满意→ adj.满意的→ adj.令人满意的
prevention
preventable
detailed
achievable
achievement
satisfaction
satisfied
satisfying/satisfactory
13．sportsman n．运动员；有体育精神的人→ n．体育精神
14．respond vi.回答；响应；作出反应→ n．回答，答复
15．defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫→ n．防守队员，后卫；保卫；防守；辩护→ adj.防御的；保护的
16．flexible adj.灵活的，柔韧的；柔顺的→ adv.柔韧地；灵活地→ _________n．灵活性
sportsmanship
response
defence
defensive
flexibly
flexibility
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.over-“过度”应避免
①overdo vt. 把……做得过火
②overtake vt. 超过
③overuse vt. 使用过度
④overwork vt./n. 过度劳累
⑤overproduction n. 生产过剩
⑥overpraise vt. 过奖
2.“adj.＋n.”合成词知多少
①shortcut n． 捷径，近路
②greenhouse n. 温室
③freshman n. 大学一年级新生
④greenhand n. 初出茅庐者
⑤highway n. 公路
⑥blackboard n. 黑板
3.“突然”含义搞清楚
①overnight adv. 突然，一下子
②suddenly adv. 突然
③abruptly adv. 突然；突兀地
④unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地；突然
⑤all of a sudden 突然
⑥by a flash 突然
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来
2． 厌烦的，不满的，无法再忍受的
3． 尤其，特别
4． 有能力做
5． 确保
cheer up
be fed up with
in particular
be capable of
make sure
6． 利用某物
7． 感到沮丧；情绪消沉
8． 由于，因为
9． 另一方面
10． 局限于，限制于
take advantage of sth.
feel down
due to
on the other hand
be limited to
[联想串记]
1.“be＋adj.＋of ”短语荟萃
①be capable of 有能力做
②be afraid of 害怕
③be careful of sth. 小心，注意
④be certain/sure of sth. 对……有把握
⑤be tired of (doing) sth. 对(做)……厌倦
2.“利用”短语一览
①take advantage of 利用
②make use of 使用，利用
③make the most of 充分利用
④make the best of 利用
⑤draw on 利用
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句
教材原句 As people often say, any exercise is better than none, but long-distance running in particular has a lot of benefits.
正如人们常说的，运动总比不运动好，特别是长跑有很多益处。
推荐佳句 (新教材译林版必修1佳句) As Lao-Tzu wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”
正如老子睿智的箴言所说的那样：“千里之行，始于足下。”
2.There are times when ...意为“有……时候”
教材 原句 There will be times when you want to give up.
你会有很多次想放弃的念头。
推荐 佳句 (2021·全国乙卷) There are times when we can't tell the difference between the true and the false information on the Internet, which may be harmful to our study and life.
有时候，我们无法分辨出互联网上的真实信息和虚假信息，这可能对我们的学习和生活有害。
3.“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义
教材原句 Nothing gives one more satisfaction than realising that all the sweat and hard work were worth it in the end.
当你最终发现，所有汗水和辛劳都是值得的，没什么比这更令人满足了。
推荐佳句 (2021·天津高考)Nothing was more important to the farmers in Sichuan than Dujiangyan Irrigation Project in ancient times, which dates from over 2,000 years ago.
在古代，对四川的农民来说，没有什么比都江堰灌溉工程更重要的了，它始建于2 000多年前。
4．with复合结构
教材原句 ...with the finishing line in sight all the cyclists began to speed up to cross it.
……随着终点线就在眼前了，所有的骑行者开始加速冲刺。
推荐佳句 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run.
听到我的话，大卫颤抖地转向我，泪水流出了眼睛，表示他已经坚定地决心完成越野赛跑。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
形体描写之“眼”
He nodded and bit his lip, tears welling up in his eyes. I hugged him firmly, patting his back gently. “I have faith in you and you will not be looked down upon. Instead, everyone will cheer for you when you are running！” David was inspired instantly and accepted to run. Seeing the determination in his eyes, I wiped the tears on his cheeks, promising to keep him company until the end of the competition.
[点评] 本段中使用了“tears welling up in his eyes(独立主格结构), will not be looked down upon(被动结构)，Seeing the determination in his eyes(分词作状语)”等描写人物伤心、坚定的心理状态和与眼有关的动作，形象地描写了安慰、鼓励他人的暖心画面。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The (系统) we introduced in 1980 has been a great improvement.
2．I was the first to ask him (令人尴尬的) questions but there'll be harder ones to come.
3．Smoking is the biggest cause of death and (疾病)．
system
awkward
diseases
4．Then you need to find out what caused the arm (隐痛) and muscle stress.
5．Smiling and laughing has actually been shown to (缓解) tension and stress.
6．He pulled out to (超过) a truck.
ache
relieve
overtake
7．My (视力) is failing, and I can't see to read any more.
8．The scientist wants to find out the exact (数量) of salt in hamburgers.
9．The reporter is trying to cover the (细节) of the event.
10．Troops have been sent to (保卫) the borders.
sight
amount
details
defend
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．We must (strength) our unity in the face of powerful enemies.
2．The factory was dismantled (拆除) of all its (equip) and furniture.
3．The product was developed in (respond) to customers' demand.
4．We must set some (achieve) goals so that we can have confidence to go on.
strengthen
equipment
response
achievable
5．Looking at a beautiful painting always gives me (satisfy) and joy.
6．I am (particular) interested in designing various dresses.
7．The tourists were (amaze) to see some strange buildings in the garden.
8．Computers offer a much greater degree of (flexible) in the way work is organized.
satisfaction
particularly
amazed
flexibility
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．The manager is happy to know that his company producing good products.
2．Though injured seriously, he tried to and continued his match.
cheer up， be fed up with， feel down， in particular， be capable of， make sure，due to， on the other hand， take advantage of， be limited to
is capable of
cheer up
3．I have to the children are free of sickness.
4．He his free time to finish the novel and finally had it published.
5．She the boring life and decides to experience something new in the countryside.
6．We like watching TV in our spare time, cartoons .
make sure
took advantage of
is fed up with
in particular
7．The boy would like to attend the concert, but ,he has no money.
8．The topics of our talks school life, so we can't go beyond it.
9．When you ,you can do something you like to make yourself calm and happy.
10．We can't go outside to play football the heavy rain.
on the other hand
are limited to
feel down
due to
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子) we need to help each other to solve problems.
总是有我们需要彼此帮助去解决难题的时候。
2．(完成句子) how to persuade my brother to change his mind than me.
没有人比我更了解如何说服我弟弟改变主意。
There are always times when
Nobody knows better
3．(一句多译)众所周知，努力会让任何人变得更好并取得更大进步。
① ,efforts will make anyone better and make greater progress.(as引导非限制定语从句)
② efforts will make anyone better and make greater progress.(it作形式主语)
As we all know
It is known to all that
4．The boy ran into the classroom when the bell rang, and sweat was running down his face.(升级为with复合结构)
→The boy ran into the classroom when the bell rang .
5．They not only told us what had happened in the accident, but also told us what they had done.(升级为倒装语序)
→Not only what had happened in the accident, but also told us what they had done.
with sweat running down his face
did they tell us
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡
(1)单句语法填空
①(2022·浙江1月高考) These findings are exciting because it's possible that improving people's cardiovascular fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them developing dementia.
from
②Should we restrict our use of this technology to the treatment and___________ (prevent) of diseases
(2)一句多译
平坦的梯田可以收集雨水，防止土壤被冲走。
③The flat terraces catch the rainwater and____________________________
.(prevent/stop)
④The flat terraces catch the rainwater and____________________________
.(keep)
prevention
prevent/stop the soil (from)
keep the soil from being washed
being washed away
away
2.response n．回答，答复
(1)单句语法填空
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won't result in a useful ___________ (respond)．
②(2021·全国乙卷) Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
response
to
(2)一句多译
他对我的建议未作出回应，这让我感到很失望。
③He ,which made me very disappointed.(response)
④He ,which made me very disappointed.(respond)
made no response to my suggestion
didn't respond to my suggestion
系统 归纳 (1)in response (to) 作为(对……的)回应
make a/no response to 对……给予/没有回答
(2)respond vi. 回答；响应；作出反应
respond to 对……作出回应
微点提醒 respond与名词response后都先接介词to，再接名词、代词或动名词。
3.defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫；防御；辩护，为……辩解
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①(2020·浙江7月高考) Terrified, Elli and I tried all the bear (defend) actions we knew.
②(2021·全国乙卷) To be smart online learners, we should defend ourselves_____ being influenced by the illegal websites.
defence
from
③The government has spent much money strengthening the___________ (defend) facilities against flood.
④All the people, men and women, young and old，were fighting against the flood .
所有的人，无论男女老少，为了保卫自己的家园都在与洪水作斗争。
defensive
in defence of their own homes
系统归纳 (1)defend ...from/against ... 保护……免受……
defend against ... 防御……
defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫
(2)defense/defence n. 保卫；防守；辩护
in defence (of) 为了保护，为了保卫
(3)defensive adj. 防御的；保护的
微点提醒 protect和defend都是“保护、防护”的意思；但protect指用某种手段作为防御工具以防危险或伤害，指一般意义的“保护”；而defend指用武力或其他措施使人或物不受损害，消除危险，主要指除了“保护”，还有“(国家的)防御、防守、保卫，(法律)申辩、答辩、抗辩”等含义。
续表
4．cheer up (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①All her family and friends came to the game and cheered her.
②I view the Olympics as an opportunity for me to cheer our athletes, expecting them to win.
③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) and did as told.
这对双胞胎振作起来，照办了。
for
on
The twins cheered up
系统 归纳 (1)cheer sb.up 使某人振作起来
cheer sb.on (比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励某人
cheer for 为……而欢呼；为……鼓劲加油
(2)Cheers! [口语](用于祝酒)干杯！
微点 提醒 cheer up作及物或不及物动词短语均可，但其宾语为代词时要放在cheer与up之间。
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
1．常见的不定代词的基本用法
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
① is knocking at the door but I can't answer it as I am cooking.
②As is known to ,the earth is a blue planet with water on it.
Someone/Somebody
all
③If we put our heart into what we are doing, is impossible.
④ are studying hard to enter Peking University, but aren't lucky enough.
许多高中生努力学习想进北京大学，但其中一些不够幸运。
nothing
Many of the high school students
some of them
2．几组易混不定代词的用法
(单句语法填空/句型转换)
①He is not free this weekend.Can we make it day
②One of the twins is a lawyer while other is a doctor.
③ of my parents are hard-working and they are respected by us.
another
the
Both
④There are some cars parking on side of the street.
⑤We think some of their ideas practical and reasonable and others are not.
→We practical and reasonable.
either
don't think all of their ideas
3．不定代词作主语时的主谓一致
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Nobody (be) interested in such a foolish design.
②Each of my friends (have) a lot of work to do and we are all busy.
③None of the candidates (win) the majority of the voters so far.
④I drank only a little of the water. by him.
我只喝了一点儿水，剩下的被他喝了。
is
has
has/have won
The rest was drunk
[谨记规则]
(1)another指三者或三者以上中的另一个，后接可数名词单数； the other指“两者中的另一个”，常与one连用，构成one ...the other ...“一个……另一个……”。
(2)all指“三者或三者以上全部”，而both指“两者都……”。当all/both/everyone/everything等表示“全部”的词语与not连用时，构成部分否定。
(3)all/some/half/most/the rest (of)等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词；none/neither 作主语时谓语动词用单数或复数均可；anyone, anybody, anything; someone, somebody, something; everyone, everybody, everything; nobody, nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．relief n．减轻，缓解
常见考法 (1)to one's relief 使某人放心的是
give sb.relief from pain 使某人减轻痛苦
for the relief of ... 为了救济……
breathe a sigh of relief 舒了一口气……
with/in relief 宽慰地；如释重负
It is a relief to do/that ...… …是件令人欣慰的事
常见考法 (2)relieve vt. 减轻，缓解
relieve sb.of ... 减轻某人……方面的负担/痛苦等
(3)relieved adj. 宽慰的，放心的
升维考法 relief表示“减轻，缓解；宽慰；救济物资”时为抽象名词，不可数；表示“宽慰的事”时，为可数名词。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①We all sighed relief when the plane finally landed safely.
②(2020·浙江高考) Once the helicopter landed, we got onto it in no time, excited and (relieve)．
③A secretary was hired to relieve her some of the administrative work.
④ our great relief, the exam turned out to be not so difficult as we had imagined.
with/in
relieved
of
To
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
⑤What relief! The difficulty has been overcome by the combined efforts of the whole team.
⑥You have won the first prize in a robotics competition and to see that you join our team will relieve us.(改写为it作形式主语)
→You have won the first prize in a robotics competition and______________ to see that you join our team.
a
it will be a relief
2．benefit n．好处，益处 vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；受益
常见考法 (1)for the benefit of＝for one's benefit 为了……的利益
be of (great) benefit to 对……(很)有益
get benefit from 从……中受益
have the benefit of 有……的优势
(2)benefit sb./sth. 对某人/某物有益
benefit from/by ... 从……中受益
(3)beneficial adj. 有益的
be beneficial to ... 对……有益
升维考法 benefit 作及物动词时，表示“对……有益”，其后可直接跟宾语，可以与短语be of benefit to及be beneficial to互换，其中to为介词，后接名词或代词；表示“受益于”时，是不及物动词，其后通常接介词by或from。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①(2021·全国乙卷) As a matter of fact, we benefit a lot the rapid development of the Internet.
②A harmonious family is (benefit) to a child's personal development.
③It was the benefit of your health that the doctor forbade you to drink wine.
④Getting along with animals may be benefit to your mental health.
from
beneficial
for
of
?细练升维考法(句式升级)
Taking part in social practices will benefit you as it will increase your social experience.
⑤Taking part in social practices your social experience.(用benefit n．改写)
⑥Taking part in social practices your social experience.(用beneficial改写)
will be of benefit to increasing
will be beneficial to increasing
3．be fed up with 厌烦的，不满的，无法再忍受的
常见考法 (1)be tired of＝be bored with＝be sick of 厌烦……
(2)feed on sth.＝live on sth. (动物)以……为食
feed ...on/with ... 用……喂养……
feed ...to ... 把……喂给……
feed back 反馈；反应；回复
升维考法 (1)be fed up with表示“腻了，厌烦”的状态，常用其过去分词短语形式作状语。
(2)feed on sth.表示“以……为食”，常用主动语态。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①After working in the business world for a while, Bob got fed .
②Bats fly at night and feed insects and fruit.
③Please don't feed the monkeys anything you may have brought with you.
up
on
on/with
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
④The scientist focuses on studying the animals (feed) on plants.
⑤As we were fed up with watching the same movie again and again, we didn't accept his invitation.(改写为过去分词短语作状语)
→ again and again, we didn't accept his invitation.
feeding
Fed up with watching the same movie
4．take advantage of sth. 利用某物
常见考法 advantages and disadvantages 利弊；利害；利害得失
be at an advantage 处于优势
be to one's advantage 对某人有利
have an advantage/advantages over 胜过，优于
give sb.an advantage over 让某人比……占优势
have the advantage of (doing) sth. 有(做)……的有利条件
put sb.at a disadvantage 使某人处于不利地位
升维考法 (1)take advantage of意为“利用”，侧重有利可图或能达到某一实际目的；而make use of意为“使用，利用”。两者用于被动语态时介词of不可省略。
(2)the advantage 后接of表示“有……的优势”，而后接 over 表示“比……有优势，胜过……”。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①(2021·全国乙卷)But online learning has its (advantage) and disadvantages.
②We took advantage the fine weather and spent the day at the beach.
③It will be your advantage to study abroad.
④The applicants with higher education and working experience tend to be__ an advantage when applying for jobs.
advantages
of
to
at
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
⑤Mary has a big advantage the other applicants due to her teaching experience.
⑥The students will take advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.(改写为被动语态)
→This tour by the students to explore the history of the castle.
over
will be taken advantage of
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句
(1)as引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明，一般用于肯定句。
(2)as在非限制性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，且引导的从句位置比较灵活，可位于句首或句末，也可置于主句中间，通常均由逗号将其与主句隔开。as有“正如……，就像……”之意。当后面出现被动语态时可省略be动词，常用于以下句式中：
as we all know/as is well known to all 众所周知
as is often the case 这是常有的事，通常
as is said/mentioned above 如上所述
as can be seen 可以看出
as is/was expected 按预期
as we expect 如我们所料
(3)as引导限制性定语从句时，常构成the same ...as ...; such ...as ...; so/as ...as ...等结构。在从句中既可以指人、物，也可以指整个句子。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①(2022·全国乙卷)From the chart, we can see 18% of the students prefer to read English books.
→ ,18% of the students prefer to read English books.
②Henry often forgot to bring his pen with him.
→Henry forgot to bring his pen with him, .
As can be seen from the chart
as was often the case
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③众所周知，努力会使人们更容易实现目标。
④如我们所料，李教授创办的项目很受孩子们喜爱。
As we all know/As is known to all, efforts will make it easier for people to achieve their goals.
As we expected, the project started by Professor Li is popular with children.
2．There are times when ...“有……时候”
(1)在There are times when ...句型中，when引导定语从句，修饰先行词times。
(2)类似“表示时间”的句型还有：
①There/It was a time when ...曾经一度(那时)……。
②It be＋时间点＋when从句，表示“某个时间发生了某事”。
③It is/was＋时间状语＋that ...是强调句型，对时间状语进行强调。
④It be＋时间段＋since从句，表示“从某事发生以来有多久了”。
⑤It＋would be/will be＋时间段＋before从句，表示“还有多久某事会发生”
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①If this works, there may come a time and the number of monarch butterflies increases once again then.
→If this works, the number of monarch butterflies increases once again.
②Our school is going to hold a speaking competition in five days.(强调时间状语)
→
there may come a time when
It is in five days that our school is going to hold a speaking competition.
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③那是一个人们在地理上分裂的时代，导致了许多不同的方言和特征。
,leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
④自从这位生物学家搬到他的实验室做实验以来已经三个月了。
the biologist moved to his lab to do his experiment.
It was a time when people were divided geographically
It's/has been three months since
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构(用“否定词＋比较级”升级)
①It is the best time to start taking positive action right now.
→
②Humans should take the most responsibility for the worse environment among all the living things on the earth.
→
There is no better time to start taking positive action than right now.
Humans should take more responsibility for the worse environment than all the other living things on the earth.
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③没有什么比这本书对我影响更大的了。
④我深信没有什么像勤奋和毅力对成功那么有价值的了。
I am greatly convinced that_____________________________________
.
Nothing has a greater effect on me than the book.
nothing is as valuable to success as
diligence and determination
4．with复合结构
with复合结构的构成：
注意：with复合结构在句中可作定语或状语。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①People in France expect when you eat, you have a utensil in each hand.
→People in France expect you to eat .
②(2021·浙江1月高考) I had no choice but to keep still and tightly close my eyes, listening to the knife moving on the pumpkin.
→I had no choice but to keep still ,listening to the knife moving on the pumpkin.
with a utensil in each hand
with my eyes tightly closed
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③随着越来越多的树木被砍伐，一些动物正面临着灭绝的危险。
,some animals are facing the danger of dying out.
④随着时间的推移，我逐渐适应了学校生活。
,I gradually adapted myself to the school life.
⑤所有的家务都需要做，我不能出去与朋友们一起玩耍。
I can't go out to play with my friends .
With more and more trees cut down
With time going by
with all the housework to do
2020·全国卷 Ⅰ·阅读理解C篇
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It's this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories (卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了竞走这项运动的相关情况及其与跑步的不同之处。
1．Why are race walkers conditioned athletes
A．They must run long distances.
B．They are qualified for the marathon.
C．They have to follow special rules.
D．They are good at swinging their legs.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But the sport's rules require ... at all times.”可知，竞走运动的规则要求竞走者的膝关节在腿摆动时的大部分时间里伸直，同时一只脚保持与地面接触。据此可知，竞走者必须遵循一些特殊的运动规则。
2．What advantage does race walking have over running
A．It's more popular at the Olympics.
B．It's less challenging physically.
C．It's more effective in body building.
D．It's less likely to cause knee injuries.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，一些与跑步有关的损伤，如跑步者的膝盖(受伤)，在竞走者中并不常见。据此可知，竞走与跑步相比不太可能导致膝盖受伤。
3．What is Dr. Norberg's suggestion for someone trying race walking
A．Getting experts' opinions.
B．Having a medical checkup.
C．Hiring an experienced coach.
D．Doing regular exercises.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“anyone wishing to try ... proper technique”可知， Norberg 博士建议任何希望尝试竞走的人或许应该先咨询下教练或有经验的竞走者，以学习正确的技巧。
4．Which word best describes the author's attitude to race walking
A．Skeptical. B．Objective.
C．Tolerant. D．Conservative.
答案：B
解析：观点态度题。根据全文内容可知，作者提到了竞走这项运动的好处，同时也指出它的一些缺点。作者的态度是客观的。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
观点态度题的思维建模(第4题)
思维建模 模型应用
第一步：明要求 根据题干确定问的是谁对什么的态度 提取题干关键信息the author's attitude to race walking，可以确定问的是作者对竞走这一运动项目的态度。
第二步：抓关键 作者观点和文章主旨关系密切，同时关注引述性语言的态度倾向。 通读全文内容，结合第一段的描述可知，作者在文中提到了竞走这项运动的好处，同时也指出它的一些缺点。
第三步：推态度 辨析选项词汇，客观推断人物态度。 skeptical“怀疑的”；objective“客观的”； tolerant“宽容的”；conservative“谨慎的”。 作者在文中提到了竞走这项运动的好处，同时也指出它的一些缺点，故可推知作者的态度是客观的。故选B。
续
表
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(熟词生义)Race walkers are conditioned athletes._____________________
②(熟词生义)However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says._________
③(一词多义)But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.______
有条件的；训练有素的
反复击打
施加
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①race walking _____
②share ...with ... _______________
③track and field event __________
④assistant professor _________
⑤as a result _____
竞走
与……分享……
田径项目
助理教授
结果
⑥associate with _________________
⑦place stress on __________
⑧proper technique ___________
⑨follow special rules _____________
⑩do regular exercises _________
与……联系在一起
施加压力于
恰当的技术
遵循特殊规则
经常锻炼
三、寻结构破长句
1．According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
抓标志：关系代词 从属连词____________
which；which
as; although
判类型：主句＋定语从句(含有一个比较状语从句)＋让步状语从句(省略句)＋定语从句
试翻译：根据大多数计算，竞走者以每小时6英里的速度移动每小时将消耗大约800卡路里， ， ，跑步每小时可能消耗大约1 000或更多的卡路里。
尽管比跑步少
这大约是步行的两倍
2．According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
抓标志：并列连词 ;关系代词_____
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋复合句(含有一个定语从句)
试翻译：根据她的研究，跑步者每一步着地的重量是他们体重的四倍， 。
while
who
而竞走者，他们不离开地面，每一步只产生他们体重的1.4倍
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.
赏析：本句中straight和swing两个词形象地描绘出了竞走运动的典型特征；用了不同的动词stay和remain，恰当地说明了竞走运动的规则要求；through most of the leg swing和at all times两个状语有效地丰富了信息，体现了规则的具体性和强制性。
2．(赏逻辑之美)But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.
赏析：上文重点说明了竞走运动的好处，本句以转折连词but开头，承接上文，转而指出这项运动的缺点，重点突出。随即用并列连词so指出有过此类受伤史的人在采用这种运动方式时可能要谨慎，入情入理、逻辑清晰，易被读者接受。
[对点练——单句语法填空]
①We just order them to do this or that, hardly are we aware what we can do for them.
②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)It usually covers the main events in our school,___ by simply turning the pages, I can learn about the important events during the week.
but
so
“UNIT 2 Section Ⅱ 课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看(共112张PPT)
UNIT 3 CELEBRATIONS
Section Ⅰ Topic Talk～Lesson 2
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．dragon n． 龙
2．lunar adj. 阴历的；月球的
3．turkey n. 火鸡
4．snack n. (正餐以外的)小吃，点心
5．sweep vt. 扫；打扫
6．flight n. 航班
7．wine n. 葡萄酒
8．accent n. 口音
9．hotpot n. 火锅
10．buzz vi. 闹哄哄，喧闹
11．custom n. 风俗，习惯；传统
12．beer n. 啤酒
13．studio n. 录音室
14．jeans n. 牛仔裤
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．barbecue n． 烧烤野餐
2．lantern n. 灯笼，提灯
3．pudding n. 布丁；甜食，甜点心
4．monster n. 怪兽，怪物
5．character n. 字，字体；人物，角色
6．firecracker n. 鞭炮，爆竹
7．throughout prep. 在整个期间，自始至终
8．wedding n. 婚礼
9．specific adj. 具体的，特定的
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．occasion n．重要的社交活动；时刻，时候→ adj.偶然的；临时的→ adv.偶尔地
2．graduate n．毕业生 vi.毕业→ n．毕业
3．stick v．粘贴；粘住 n．枝条；条状物；棍状物→ adj.黏性的，黏的
occasional
occasionally
graduation
sticky
4．adult n．成人，成年人→ n．成年
5．congratulate vt.祝贺→ n．恭喜，祝贺
6．decorate vi.&vt.装饰，布置，美化→ n．装饰物
7．tradition n．传统→ adj.传统的→ adv.传统地
adulthood
congratulation
decoration
traditional
traditionally
8．immediate adj.立即的→ adv.即刻，马上
9．gather v．聚会→ n．聚会
10．account n．描述，报道→ n．会计，会计人员；会计师
11．summary n．总结；概括；概要→ vi.& vt.总结，概括
immediately
gathering
accountant
summarise
12．host n．主人；东道主；主持人 v．主办；主持→ n．女主人；女主持人
13．attach vt.贴；固定；附上→ adj.依恋的；附属于→ __________ n．附属物，附件；爱慕，依恋
14．expect vt.期待，期望，盼望；预料；认为→ adj.期待的，期望的→ n．期待，希望；指望
hostess
attached
attachment
expectant
expectation
15．scare vt.吓唬；使(某人)惊恐→ adj.可怕的，引起恐慌的→______ adj.害怕的；惊恐的
16．surround vt.环绕，围绕→ adj.周围的；四周的→____________ n．周围的环境
17．retire v．退休→ adj.退休的→ n．退休；引退
scary
scared
surrounding
surroundings
retired
retirement
18．joy n．欢欣，愉快，喜悦→ adj.快乐的，高兴的；令人开心的，使人喜悦的
19．origin n．起源；出身；源头；起因→ adj.原先的，最早的，最初的→ adv.原本；起初；独创地
20．greet vt.问候，欢迎；打招呼→ n．问候；招呼；欢迎
joyful
original
originally
greeting
21．teenage n．青少年时期(指13－19岁)→ n．青少年，十几岁的孩子
22．appropriate adj.适当的；正当的→ adv.合适地，适当地→ n．适当；适合→ adj.不适当的；不正当的
23．neat adj.整洁的→ adv.整洁地；干净地；灵巧地；恰好地→_________ n．整洁，干净
teenager
appropriately
appropriateness
inappropriate
neatly
neatness
24．suit n．套装 v．适合；合身，相配→ adj.适宜的；合适的→_________ adv.适当地；(与期望)相符地→ adj.不适宜的；不合适的
25．effort n．努力；力气→ adj.容易的；不费力气的；应付自如的→ adv.容易地；不费力气地；应付自如地
26．represent vt.代表→ n．代表adj.典型的；有代表性的→ ______________n．陈述；表现；表示法
suitable
suitably
unsuitable
effortless
effortlessly
representative
representation
27．extend vt.提供，给予，表示→ n．延长；伸展；延期；扩充；电话分机→ adj.广泛的；广阔的；广大的；大量的
28．fortune n．运气；财富，一大笔钱→ adj.幸运的→____________ adv.幸运地→ adj.不幸的；令人遗憾的→_____________ adv.不幸地
extension
extensive
fortunate
fortunately
unfortunate
unfortunately
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.-tion名词前缀词巧集结
①graduation 毕业
②congratulation 恭喜，祝贺
③tradition 传统
④decoration 装饰物
⑤production 生产；产量
2.“节日”庆祝有习俗
①lantern n． 灯笼，提灯
②firecracker n. 鞭炮，爆竹
③turkey n. 火鸡
④couplet n. 对联
⑤mooncake n. 月饼
⑥dumpling n. 饺子
3.“人生阶段”有不同
①baby/infant 婴儿(1－12个月)
②toddler 婴孩(1－3岁刚刚学步)
③child 儿童(3－12岁)
④teenager/teen 青少年(13－19岁)
⑤youth 青年
⑥adult 成人
⑦middle-aged 中年的
⑧elderly 老年人
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 端午节
2． 阴历月，农历月
3． 张贴
4． 使某物爆炸
5． 扫除；清除
Dragon-Boat Festival
lunar month
put up
let off
sweep away
6． 倒置地，颠倒地
7． 从头到尾
8． 把……吓跑
9． 照亮
10． 结婚
upside down
from top to bottom
scare sb./sth. away
light up
get married
11． 忙于……
12． 在这个场合
13． ……的象征
14． 就……而言
15． 普遍地
16． 尽力
be up to
on this occasion
a sign of
as far as
in general
make an effort
[联想串记]
1.“from ... to ...”短语串联
①from top to bottom 从头到尾
②from morning to night 从早到晚
③from side to side 从一边到另一边
④from door to door 挨家挨户
⑤from bad to worse 越来越糟，每况愈下
⑥from tip to toe 彻头彻尾，完全
2.“尽力，努力”荟萃
①make an effort 尽力
②try/do one's best 尽最大努力
③spare no effort 不遗余力
④work hard 努力工作
⑤for all one is worth 尽力(拼命)
⑥exert oneself 努力
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．while引导并列句，表示转折对比
教材原句 Usually children play with lanterns while the adults sit together, chatting and enjoying the moon.
通常孩子们玩灯笼，而大人则坐在一起聊天、赏月。
推荐佳句 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Seeing their downcast eyes, Father told them to clean up the kitchen while he helped them make breakfast for their mother.
看到他们沮丧的眼睛，父亲让他们打扫厨房，而他帮他们为母亲做早餐。
②(新教材译林版选择性必修2佳句)We can see that the first news report pays more attention to the rescue efforts, while the second talks more about the deaths and injuries.
我们可以看到，第一篇新闻报道更关注救援工作，而第二篇新闻报道谈论更多的则是伤亡情况。
续
表
2．it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语
教材原句 It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
据说“福”字被倒贴时，幸福就会到来。
推荐佳句 ①(2022·全国甲卷)It is acknowledged that oceans play a critical role in the world.
人们公认，海洋在世界上起着关键的作用。
②(新教材译林版选择性必修1佳句)It is believed that this poem was written by Li Bai in his teenage years.
据说这首诗是李白在他十几岁时写的。
3．the moment引导时间状语从句
教材原句 Every year, the moment I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents — I know that I am heading home to my family.
每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。
推荐佳句 ①(2021·浙江6月高考)The moment I approached the house, I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck, looking sad.
我一走近房子，就注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边，神情悲伤。
②(新教材译林版必修3佳句)The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.
晃动一停止，布朗女士就立即意识到现在是全班同学逃生的最佳时机。
续表
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
形体描写之“耳”
I couldn't believe my ears. I immediately charged into the car to pick him up. When I heard the familiar bark, I knew that my “lost” friend was back! I collapsed to the floor as soon as I saw him, gently stroking his skinny body. He lowered his ears, tucked in his tail, and wiggled onto my lap.
[点评] 本段中使用了“couldn't believe my ears，heard, lowered his ears”等与耳部有关的动作，形象地刻画了“我”重新见到走失后又回来的小狗时的兴奋心情和小狗再次见到主人时的放松状态。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I don't like to discuss this topic at social (场合)．
2．There's a (传统) in our dormitory that when it's someone's birthday, he will bring in a cake for us all to share.
3．Children are admitted only if accompanied by an (成年人)．
occasions
tradition
adult
4．It is often said that the (喜悦) of travelling is not in arriving at your destination but in the journey itself.
5．Which of the following can best (概括) the main idea of the passage
6．It is said that sports may be good for (性格) building.
7．My uncle opened the door for us and (问候) us with cries of welcome.
joy
summarise
character
greeted
8．In this passage, we need to back up general statements with (具体的) examples.
9．The local supermarkets are making every (努力) to attract more young customers.
10．Li Ming (代表) our team and took part in the opening ceremony last week.
specific
effort
represented
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The poor boy was (fortune) enough to be invited to the party.
2．This complaint allows them to respond more______________ (appropriate) to their users.
3．I met Mr Li, a (retire), old man from Zhengzhou yesterday.
fortunate
appropriately
retired
4．The (origin) station opened in 1954, but now it has been rebuilt.
5． (congratulate) on your having got that job you wanted at the famous company!
6．Some insects take on the colour of their (surround) to protect themselves.
original
Congratulations
surroundings
7．I will plan my future life, based on what I hope to do after__________ (graduate)．
8．I hope I can find a (suit) job after graduation.
9．The thieves got (scare) and ran away.
10．It was the greatest (gather) of world leaders in one place at one time.
graduation
suitable
scared
gathering
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．We cleaned the house and the dirt and bad luck.
2．If I stand on my head, I see everything .
3．The attacker was when the woman started to scream.
put up， let off， sweep away， scare ... away， as far as， make an effort， upside down， light up， in general， up to
swept away
upside down
scared away
4．She a notice on the bulletin board about the school trip to the Great Wall.
5．He to achieve his dream and finally made it.
6．We are curious about what the scientist is in the lab.
7．The street with lanterns giving off light at every gate.
put up
made an effort
up to
lit up
8．It is against the law to firecrackers in cities due to the air pollution they may cause.
9． I know, many people are suffering hunger all over the world.
10． ,what you experienced in your childhood may have an effect on your character.
let off
As far as
In general
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)Li Jiang recommends the traditional Chinese dress .
李江建议穿中国传统服装，而苏华则更喜欢校服。
2．(完成句子)The Chinese people usually_____________________________
.
中国人通常通过在一起包饺子来庆祝春节。
while Su Hua prefers the school uniform
celebrate the Spring Festival by
making dumplings together
3．(完成句子)My uncle sent me a book yesterday to____________________
.
叔叔昨天寄给我一本书，祝贺我16岁生日。
4．(一句多译)音乐一播放，这些孩子们就开始按照训练的那样跳舞。
① ,the children began to dance as they had been trained to.(as soon as)
② ,the children began to dance as they had been trained to.(moment)
As soon as the music was played
congratulate me on my
sixteenth birthday
The moment the music was played
5．We believe that China will make greater progress in science and technology.
① China will make greater progress in science and technology.(升级为it作形式主语)
② China will make greater progress in science and technology.(升级为what引导的主语从句)
It is believed that
What we believe is that
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．occasion n．重要的社交活动；时刻，时候
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Occasions are quite rare I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
when
②Mr Brown is so busy with his work that he only pays_________ (occasion) visits to his parents.
③It is my privilege to welcome you here today and present my thoughts___ this special occasion.
④ thrown away.
在任何情况下都不能抛弃优良传统。
occasional
on
On no occasion should good traditions be
系统归纳 (1)on occasion 有时，间或，偶尔
on this/that occasion 在这种/那种场合下
on the occasion of 在……的时候
on no occasion 决不，不会(用在句首时，句子用部分倒装)
(2)occasional adj. 偶尔的；不经常的
occasionally adv. 有时，间或，偶尔
微点提醒 当occasion作定语从句的先行词时，如果表示时间，意为“时刻；机会”，关系副词用when；如果表示地点，意为“场合”，关系副词用where。
2.congratulation n．恭喜，祝贺；贺词(常用复数)
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①His colleagues offered their (congratulate) to him on winning the first place in the competition.
②The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person__ the new home.
congratulations
on
③(2020·天津高考)During the coming-of-age ceremony, the headmaster __________________________________________,reviewing the growth period that we had experienced.
在成人仪式上，校长祝贺我们进入了成年，并回顾了我们所经历的成长阶段。
congratulated us on stepping into the adulthood
系统归纳 (1)congratulations (to sb.) on sth. 为某事(向某人)表示祝贺
send/offer/express one's congratulations to sb.on sth.
向某人祝贺某事
(2)congratulate vt. 祝贺；庆祝
congratulate sb.on (doing) sth. 祝贺某人(做)某事
congratulate ...for ... 因……而祝贺……
微点提醒 (1)congratulation作“祝贺，恭贺，贺词”讲时常用复数形式。
(2)congratulate与 celebrate都有“庆贺”的意思，其区别在于：celebrate只能以事或物作宾语； 而congratulate后面只能以“被庆贺的人”作宾语，以介词on或upon引出祝贺的原因。
3.surround vt.环绕，围绕；包围
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①It is thought that a child's (surround) matter more than his genes.
②And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds____________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
surroundings
surrounding
③(2020·浙江7月高考)The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, .
那只饥饿的熊凭着嗅觉来到我们的营地，营地被高高的铁丝网围着。
which was surrounded by a high wire fence
系统归纳 (1)surround ...with ... 用……包围/围绕……
be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围/环绕
(2)surrounding adj. 周围的
surroundings n． (复数)周围的事物；环境
微点提醒 surroundings常用复数形式，表示周围具体的物质环境；而environment是集体名词，常用单数形式，表示对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活环境。
4.represent vt.代表；象征；陈述；说明；描绘；声称
(1)单句语法填空
①The teacher represented his idea the students in a creative way.
②They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse,_________________ (represent) of those of most of us.
③Jiuzhaigou National Park is always represented a world-famous place of interest.
to
representative
as
(2)一句多译
(2021·浙江1月高考)我很荣幸能在这里代表我们学校向你们表示热烈的欢迎。
④I'm honored to be here to extend a warm welcome to you, .
⑤I'm honored to be here to extend a warm welcome to you, .
representing our school
on behalf of our school
系统归纳 (1)represent ...as/to be ... 宣称……为……；把……描绘成……
represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事
represent oneself as/to be ... 自称是……
(2)representative n. 代表
adj. 典型的；有代表性的
a representative of … …的典型代表
(3)representation n. 陈述；表现；表示法
微点提醒 represent作“向……描述/表达”讲时，不能直接跟“人”作宾语，常用结构为“represent sth.to sb.”或“represent to sb.sth.”。类似用法的单词还有explain, suggest, announce, guarantee等。
续表
5．put up张贴；竖起，建造；举起；留宿
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①If you have any questions to ask，put your hands.
②Don't put till tomorrow what should be done today.
③The workers put their tools after work and left the factory.
④They and settled down for the night.
他们搭起帐篷，准备过夜。
up
off
away
put up their tents
系统归纳 put away 存起来；收拾起来
put down 放下；写下；镇压
put forward 提出；提前
put off 推迟；延期
put on 穿(戴)上；上演；打开(开关等)
put out 熄灭；扑灭；出版
put aside 储存；保留
put up with 容忍，忍受；受苦
put through 接通电话；完成；使经受
微点提醒 (1)put up和set up在表示“搭起，竖起，挂起”以及表示建筑物“建起”的意思时，可以通用。不过put up 比set up 更常见。
(2)set up 表示“建起，成立”某一机构团体时，不能用put up 替换。
续表
6.let off使某物爆炸；让……下车(下船)；放掉；免除
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①When I was young, fireworks were let to celebrate some important days.
②I can tell you the truth, but you must promise not to let the secret.
③We don't know their names; let make a phone call to them.
off
out
alone
④(2021·天津高考)After letting go his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy instead.
⑤(2022·浙江1月高考) I assured him I would finish the project alone and that .
我向他保证，我将独自完成这个项目，我不会让他失望。
of
I wouldn't let him down
系统归纳 let out 放出；发出(叫喊等)；
泄露；放宽，加宽(衣服等)
let alone 更不用说；更谈不上
let sb./sth.alone 对某人/某事放任不管
let sb.down 使某人失望
let in 允许进入
let go of 释放，放开
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
1．各种时态的被动语态及基本用法
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Shakespeare's play Hamlet (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.
②If your order is ready, the T-shirt (deliver) to you as soon as possible.
has been made
will be delivered
③We can't play on the football field now because the grass (cut) at the moment.
④Yesterday, he because of his good deeds.(get)
昨天，他因为做了好事而受到警官的表扬。
⑤We need one more week before .
我们还需要一个星期才能完成所有的工作。
is being cut
got praised by the officer
all the work is finished
2．主动形式表被动意义
(单句语法填空/同义句转换)
①This kind of cloth (wash) well, so it is suitable for children to wear.
②The flower (smell) sweet and is popular with most people.
③To our disappointment, the castle on sale needs to be repaired.
→To our disappointment, the castle on sale .
washes
smells
needs repairing
3．不用被动语态的几种情况
(单句语法填空)
①As the accident (happen) at midnight, few people saw it and little information was found.
②The painting (belong) to a private museum, and it is not for sale.
happened
belongs
[谨记规则]
(1)被动语态一般由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be本身无词义，但有人称、数和时态的变化。被动语态中的be动词有时可用get来代替。
(2)need, want, require作谓语，其主语为物时，动词后的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。
(3)表示状态特征的系动词、表示主语的某种属性特征的动词、不及物动词(短语)等一般不用被动语态。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．account n．描述，叙述；报道；账户 v．说明；解释；认为
常见考法 (1)take account of .../take ...into account/
consideration 把……考虑在内
on account of 因为，由于
on no account 决不
give an account of 报告；叙述；说明
keep an account of 记录
(2)account for 解释；说明；(数量或比例上)占
(3)accountant n. 会计，会计人员；会计师
升维考法 (1)take account of .../take ...into account/consideration常用现在分词形式作状语。
(2)on no account意为“决不”，放在句首时主谓结构常用部分倒装。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①Lighting accounts about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.
②Henry had to leave the school football team account of his broken legs.
③She gave the police a full account the incident.
④My cousin works as an (account) in a big company in Beijing.
for
on
of
accountant
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
⑤ (take) the weather into account, we decided to change the travel plan.
⑥We can never ignore the value of practical experience as well as technology.(改写为倒装句)
→ the value of practical experience as well as technology.
Taking
On no account can we ignore
2．attach vt. 贴；固定；附上；喜欢，依恋
常见 考法 (1)attach ...to ... 把……附/贴在……上
attach importance/significance/value to 认为……重要/有意义/有价值
attach oneself to 依附……；参加，加入
(2)attached adj. 附加的；附属的；依恋的
be attached to 被连接到……；附属于；依恋
(3)attachment n. 固定，安装；喜爱，眷恋，
爱慕；附件，配件；附加，附属
升维 考法 attach ...to .../be attached to中的to为介词，其后跟名词、动名词等。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①(2021·全国乙卷) How (attach) are you to your landline How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries
②Would you please spare some time to review the draft script attached ___this email and make necessary changes
③We should not doubt against his (attach) to the company.
attached
to
attachment
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
④We attached a condition to (admit) the boy to our group.
⑤Many teenagers think online communication is much more important than face-to-face talks.
→Many teenagers online communication than to face-to-face talks.(attach)
admitting
attach much more importance to
3．as far as ...(表示程度、范围)就……而言；远到……；尽……
常见考法 (1)as/so far as I know/can tell 据我所知/依我看
as/so far as I am concerned 就我而言
(2)as well as 既……又；和……一样好
as good as 与……几乎一样；简直；几乎
as long as 只要；长达
as soon as 一……就……
升维考法 (1)as far as意为“远至……”时，在否定句中也可用so far as；意为“就……而言”“从……来看”时可用 so far as替换。
(2)as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词与其前面的主语保持人称和数的一致。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①(2021·全国甲卷) far as we know, there is a huge cultural difference between China and the western countries.
②I don't mind where you go, long as you're back before midnight.
As/So
as
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/同义句转换)
③Tim as well as his friends (be) curious about the new movie.
④(2022·全国乙卷)In my opinion, students should try multiple ways when learning English so that they can find the way which suits them most.
→ ,students should try multiple ways when learning English so that they can find the way which suits them most.
was
As far as I can judge/As far as I'm concerned
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．while引导并列句，表示转折对比
(1)while连接并列句，意为“而……，然而……”，强调前后对比，常位于句中。
(2)while意为“当……的时候，和……同时”时，引导时间状语从句。
(3)while意为“虽然，尽管”时，引导让步状语从句，常位于句首，相当于though/although。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Very soon the children were busy popping the corn.And their mother went out to buy paper bags.
→Very soon the children were busy popping the corn, .
②Although Lucy is keen on dumplings, she is unable to make them herself.
→ ,she is unable to make them herself.
while their mother went out to buy paper bags
While Lucy is keen on dumplings
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③我们中一些人认为高三学生课余时间应该参加体育锻炼，因为成功依赖健康的体魄；而另一些人持不同观点。
Some of us think that Senior Three students should take exercise after school because success depends on good health,________________________
.
④我们正在河中游泳时，看见一条鱼跃出了水面。
，we saw a fish jump out of the water.
while others hold different
While we were swimming in the river
views
2．it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语
(1)在“It is＋过去分词＋that从句 ...”句型中，it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的that从句。句型类似的结构还有：
It's said that ... 据说……
It's thought that ... 大家认为……
It's reported that ... 据报道……
It's hoped that ... 大家希望……
It is supposed that ... 据推测……
It is well-known that ... 众所周知……
(2)该句型也可以转化为简单句：sb./sth.is/was＋过去分词＋to do ...。(It's hoped that ...不能转化)
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①(2022·全国乙卷)Next，listening to English songs is thought to be the most popular way to learn English.
→Next， listening to English songs is the most popular way to learn English.
②(2020·江苏高考)We all know that China enjoys a long history and rich culture.
→ China enjoys a long history and rich culture.
it is thought that
It is known that
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③据报道，当地政府将会进一步改革来改善人们的居住条件。
to improve people's living conditions.
④人们希望可以给学生提供更多的机会以加强他们的交流能力和适应能力。
to students to strengthen their communication and adaptation abilities.
It is reported that the local government will reform further
It is hoped that more opportunities will be offered
⑤人们相信事故往往是由粗心大意引起的。
accidents often arise from carelessness.
It is believed that
3．the moment引导时间状语从句
(1)the moment用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”，相当于as soon as，从句谓语常用一般现在时或一般过去时。
(2)名词词组用作连词而且能引导时间状语从句的有：
the＋瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant/second) 一……就……
the＋序数词＋time 第……次
any time 任何时候
next time 下次
(the) last time 上次
(3)此类名词词组可单独引导时间状语从句，因此后面不再用when。
(4)这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生，从句中用一般现在时态代替将来时态。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①As soon as I arrived at the village, I was impressed by the scenery there.
→ ,I was impressed by the scenery there.
②We knew nothing about what we would meet when we went abroad for the first time.
→We knew nothing about what we would meet_________________________
.
The moment/minute/instant/second I arrived at the village
the first time we went
abroad
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③每当李明发现一个新问题，他总是很兴奋。
Li Ming will be very excited .
④杰克一听说这次比赛就立刻报名参加了。
Jack signed up for the competition at once ____________________________
.
⑤你一按这个按钮，机器就会启动。
The machine will start .
every time he finds a new problem
the moment/minute/instant/second
he heard of it
the moment you press this button
2022·全国甲卷·阅读七选五
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. 1 . Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 2 .
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 3 ， instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
4 . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. 5 ， the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
[真题再做]
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D．Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了外出就餐时需要注意的一些重要的就餐礼节，并强调不同的国家有不同的就餐礼节。
1．选D 分析上下文语境可知，空处起承上启下的作用。空前提到“(不同)文化背景下的就餐礼节中的一些重要规则可能会让你感到惊讶”，空后提到“了解一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人愉快地用餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方”。分析选项可知，D项“不要被(人)发现在餐馆(用餐时)犯尴尬的错误”符合此处的语境，并能起到承上启下的作用。
2．选F 根据本段小标题和上文内容可知，空处也应是关于使用筷子的规则。F项“当你使用它们时，切勿将它们直立于你的食物中或把它们交叉(放置)”符合此处的语境，且选项中的them指代的是筷子(chopsticks)，与小标题和前文内容相呼应。
3．选C 根据本段小标题和上下文内容可知，空处应是以某个国家为例，介绍使用手或餐具来就餐的某条重要规则；再根据下文中的instead可知，空处内容应与后半句内容形成对比。根据后半句“(他们)反而更喜欢用他们的手”并分析选项可知，C项“墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的”符合此处的语境。
4．选G 根据空后内容“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills.”和本段小标题Making Requests可知，空处应是提及一个用餐时的请求，再结合because后的原因“因为这是在向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技术”可知，G项“吃饭时要盐和胡椒粉看似是一个简单的请求”符合此处的语境。
5．选B 根据下文中的“the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices”可知，空处也应是“the＋比较级”结构的句子，且根据下文句意“你就会开始对它的异国文化习俗感觉越得心应手”可知，B项“你在任何一个特定的国家待的时间越长”符合此处的语境。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
段中句的思维建模(第3题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions._____
②(熟词生义)In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. ____________________
③(一词多义)The more time you spend in any given country, the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. _______
操纵
加调料调味；加作料
特定的
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①dine out _________
②put ... down ___________
③be parallel with ___________
④prefer to do sth. ___________
外出吃饭
把……放下
与……平行
偏爱做某事
⑤ask for _________
⑥add ...to ... _________________
⑦get caught doing sth. _________________
⑧make a mess ___________
要求得到
把……添加到……
被发现正在做某事
弄得一团糟
三、寻结构破长句
1．When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.
抓标志：从属连词 _；并列连词___
判类型：复合句(含有一个时间状语从句)＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译： ，要放在一块儿，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行。
when
so
当你在吃的时候放下它们
2．Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries.
抓标志：并列连词___
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译：这些文化饮食礼仪的规则的一些可能看起来随意和奇怪， 。
but
但它们在不同的国家都很重要
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant.
赏析：作者在这个祈使句里使用了动词短语get caught doing sth.(被发现正在做某事)以及形容词化的现在分词embarrassing(令人尴尬的)，语气强烈且形象准确地表达了了解外出就餐礼节的重要性。
[对点练——单句语法填空]
①Someone often got caught (mark)on ancient buildings.
②(2022·全国甲卷)From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was (amaze)．
marking
amazing
2．(赏结构之美)The more time you spend in any given country，the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
赏析：该句运用the more ..., the more ...句型(越……，就越……)生动说明了适应某个国家的文化习俗与你在这个国家待的时间之间的关系。该句型表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化，其中前面的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句。the用在形容词或副词的比较级前。
[对点练——单句语法填空/翻译句子]
①The more dangerous the circumstances are，the (brave) we should be.
②他工作越努力，得到的就越多。
braver
The harder he works, the more he gets.
3.(赏衔接之美)It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal.In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
赏析：在意大利要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪这种做法与在葡萄牙吃饭时要盐和胡椒粉都属于严重的错误。运用副词similarly(相似地)进行衔接，强化了读者对这两种错误做法的认识。
“UNIT 3 Section Ⅰ 课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看(共98张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Lesson 3～Reading Club
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．stuff vt. 给……填馅；填，塞
2．lap n. 大腿部
3．eve n. 前夕；前一天
4．branch n. 树枝
5．plate n. 盘；碟
6．ballet n. 芭蕾舞剧，芭蕾舞表演
7．roll vt. 使成筒形(球形)
n. 一卷；面包卷
8．wave vi.&vt. 挥手；招手
9．affair n. 事件
10．event n. 事件；活动
11．album n. 簿，册
12．tear n. 眼泪，泪水
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．stocking n. 长筒袜
2．somehow adv. 不知怎的；不知为什么
3．envelope n. 信封
4．whisper vi.&vt. 低声说，低语
5．swallow vi.&vt. 吞下，咽下
6．downstairs adv. 往楼下，在楼下
7．nowhere adv. 什么地方都不
8．uniform n. 制服
9．cuisine n. 烹饪
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．memory n．记忆，回忆→ v．记住，记忆
2．slight adj.轻微的；少量的→ adv.略微，稍微→___________ n．细长；少许；些微
3．pole n．地极，北/南极→ adj.极地的；磁极的；完全相反的
4．frost n．霜；白霜→ adj.严寒的
memorize
slightly
slightness
polar
frosty
5．patient adj.有耐心的→ n．耐心；耐力→ adv.有耐心地→ adj.不耐烦的→impatience n．不耐烦→ adv.不耐烦地
6．behave v．表现，举止→ n．行为，举止
7．merry adj.快乐的→ adv.快乐地
8．describe vt.描写，描述→ n．描述，描写→ adj.描写的，描绘的
patience
patiently
impatient
impatiently
behaviour
merrily
description
descriptive
9．awe n．敬畏；恐惧 vt.使敬畏；使惊惧→ adj.令人赞叹的；很好的
10．select vt.挑选，选拔→ n．挑选，选拔
11．calm vi.&vt.(使)平静，(使)镇定 adj.平静的，镇静的，沉着的→______ adv.平静地，镇静地，沉着地→ n．镇静；沉着
awesome
selection
calmly
calmness
12．thorough adj.彻底的，全面的；完全的→ adv.完全地→______________ n．十分，完全；彻底
13．humble adj.谦虚的；简陋的→ adv.谦虚地
thoroughly
thoroughness
humbly
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.-ly 副词后缀词巧集结
①slightly 略微，稍微
②thoroughly 完全地
③emotionally 感情上，情绪上
④typically 典型地；代表性地；通常
⑤technically 技术上；学术上
⑥honestly 诚实地；确实
2.“some-”合成副词知多少
①somehow 不知怎的；不知为什么
②somewhere 在/到某处；大约
③sometime 在某个时候
④sometimes 有时
⑤somewhat 稍微；有点
⑥someday 将来有一天；有朝一日
3.“快乐的”情绪会传染
①merry adj. 快乐的
②happy adj. 快乐的；愿意的；高兴的
③pleased adj. 高兴的；乐于做的
④delighted adj. 高兴的；愉快的
⑤amused adj. 被逗笑的；愉快的
⑥cheerful adj. 精神好的；兴致高的
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 搬来(和某人)一起居住
2． 再三地，重复地
3． 就座
4． 入睡
5． 充满
move in
over and over
take a seat
fall asleep
be full of
6． 去世
7． 不再
8． 相信；信任
9． 吸引某人的目光；引起某人的注意
10． 冷静下来
11． 代表
pass away
no longer
believe in
catch sb.'s eye
calm down
stand for
[联想串记]
1.“再三地，重复地”短语积累
①over and over (again) ②again and again
③time and time again ④once and again
2.catch短语聚焦
①catch sb.'s eye 吸引某人的目光
②catch one's breath 屏息；歇口气；喘息
③catch fire 着火
④catch sight of 看到；看见；突然看见
⑤catch up with 赶上；追上
⑥catch on 流行起来；理解
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．强调句型
教材原句 When I think about what makes Christmas so magical, it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind.
当我想到是什么让圣诞节如此神奇时，我想到的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人。
推荐佳句 (新教材外研版必修1佳句)During the rainy season, it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces.
在雨季，雨水会沿着这些水渠从山上流下进入梯田。
续表
2.seem to be ...意为“似乎……”
教材 原句 That seems to be done right.
那看起来是做对了。
推荐 佳句 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) The runway seemed to be extremely long for young children, not to mention a child with a heart disease.
那条跑道对小孩子来说似乎非常长，更不用说对一个患有心脏病的孩子了。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
形体描写之“口”
I was still recalling the splendid scenery when we were in my grandparents' living room. David excitedly narrated our experience, eyes blazing with enthusiasm. Worries came to his forehead when he explained the troubles. A smile lifted the corner of his mouth when it came to camping. Suddenly Mum shouted out in a strange voice. Haunted by a strong sense of horror, I heard Mum screaming “I forgot the tent！”
[点评] 本段中使用了“narrated, explained, A smile lifted the corner of his mouth, shouted out, screaming”等各种各样的有关“嘴”的动作和描写， 生动形象地勾勒出了一个旅游后意犹未尽又出其不意的画面。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1． (什么地方都不) can you find a more suitable place to build the hospital.
2．Mary opened the door to see her sister standing in front with (眼泪) in her eyes.
3．The Chinese are extremely proud of their various (烹饪)．
Nowhere
tears
cuisine
4．Many reporters from all over the world gathered in the hall to cover the great (事件)．
5．The boy is well known in his school for his good (记忆)．
6．The girl (低声说) something to her mother for fear of disturbing others.
7．The school is going to (选拔) ten students to take part in the sports meeting.
event
memory
whispered
select
8．I (挥手) at my friends who came to meet me as soon as I got off the train.
9．Lily asked to go (往楼下) to play with her sister.
10．It is required that all the students should wear school (制服) at school.
waved
downstairs
uniforms
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．His vivid (describe) of his adventure in the forest made us want to have a try.
2．Mother taught me to treat the old and the young with________ (patient)．
3．His foot was (slight) injured but he kept on training.
description
patience
slightly
4．The bread (stuff) with cheese and you'd better not eat too much.
5．You should be responsible for your own (behave) as an adult.
6．The police searched the room (thorough) to look for the clues.
7．The vegetables won't grow well in (frost) weather in the north.
is stuffed
behaviour
thoroughly
frosty
8．The children played (merry) on the playground after school.
9．It's reported that the company has set up three (branch) in this city.
10．The scientist always talks of his achievements (humble), never being proud.
merrily
branches
humbly
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．In 2015, the famous professor due to a serious disease.
2．The cover of the book presented a picture of a rabbit and .
3．Our English teacher told us to learn the new words by heart.
4．Nobody knows what the special design on the building .
stand for， move in， take a seat， pass away， over and over， calm down， believe in，catch my eye， no longer， fall asleep
passed away
caught my eye
over and over
stands for
5．The nurses tried their best to the anxious patient.
6．The farm is what it used to be after he planted new crops.
7．My sister decided to as she had no other place to live in.
8．The nurse the moment she went to bed as she was too tired.
9．The chairman began to make his speech after everyone in the meeting room.
10．We our monitor as he always keeps his promise.
calm down
no longer
move in
fell asleep
took a seat
believe in
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子) the proper materials for his experiment.
这位科学家花了大约半年时间才找到合适的实验材料。
2．(完成句子) someday in the future!
要是将来有一天我能去太空旅行就好了！
It took the scientist about half a year to find
If only I could travel in space
3．(一句多译)大多数孩子似乎对音乐和绘画感兴趣。
① music and painting.(seem to do)
② in music and painting.(it)
4．Tom was so successful in his business that he was able to set up new branches elsewhere.(升级为倒装句)
→ he was able to set up some new companies elsewhere.
Most children seem to be interested in
It seems that most children are interested
So successful was Tom in his business that
5．Li Lei's father often encourages him to do what he likes to do.(强调主语)
→
It is Li Lei's father that/who often encourages him to do what he likes to do.
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．patience n．耐心；耐力
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Whenever I have difficulty in solving maths problems, my deskmate always explains them to me with (patient)．
patience
②(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)After that I poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove, waiting (patient) until the oil was hot.
③As he is worried about his work, he is (patient) with his son's endless questions.
④(2020·全国卷Ⅰ) that we all like her.
她对每位学生都如此有耐心以至于我们都喜欢她。
patiently
impatient
She is so patient with each student
系统归纳 (1)have the patience to do sth. 有耐心做某事
with patience＝patiently 耐心地
lose patience (with) (对……)失去耐心
out of patience 失去耐心
(2)patient adj. 有耐心的；有耐力的
be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心
(3)patiently adv. 耐心地
impatient adj. 不耐烦的；迫不及待的；急切的
impatience n. 不耐烦；急切
2.whisper vi.& vt.低声说，低语 n．低语，耳语；传闻
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Nervously facing challenges, I know I will whisper myself the two simple words: “Be yourself”．
②The workers were required not to talk a whisper during the meeting.
③ the professor is to resign due to his poor health.
据私下传闻，由于健康状况不佳，教授要辞职。
to
in
It is whispered that
系统归纳 (1)whisper (sth.) to sb. 与某人耳语(某事)
whisper sth.in one's ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事
It is/was whispered that ... 据秘密传闻……
(2)in a whisper＝in whispers 耳语地；低声地
微点提醒 “耳语地；低声地”的表达方式：in a whisper; in whispers; in a low voice; murmur; under one's breath; in a weak voice等。
3．calm vi.& vt.(使)平静；(使)镇静 adj.镇静的，沉着的；平静的
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Gradually, Poppy calmed and watched the little dog with tenderness, as if she were a dedicated mother.
②The last thing I saw was Don's face, looking (calm) back at me.
down
calmly
③Convinced that his father would come back soon, the little boy______ (calm) down.
④(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thankfully, Jeff and turned off the gas quickly.
幸亏杰夫保持冷静，快速关掉了煤气。
calmed
stayed calm
系统归纳 (1)calm sb./oneself down 使某人/自己镇静下来
calm down 平静下来，镇静下来
be/keep/stay/remain calm 冷静；保持镇静
(2)calmly adv. 镇静地，沉着地；平静地
微点提醒 calm, peaceful, quiet, silent, still都可表示“安静”“平静”“寂静”。其区别在于：
(1)在修饰环境时：calm指风平浪静；peaceful指没有战争或骚乱；quiet指没有吵闹或干扰；still指完全没有声音。
(2)在修饰人时：calm指人心平气和，毫不激动； peaceful表示“安详的，温和的”；quiet指性情温和、安静等，有时也指人的闲散或不活动；still指“一动不动”；silent侧重“沉默”“不说话”，但不一定不动。
续表
4.no longer不再
(完成句子)
①As is known to all, China is .
众所周知，中国再也不是从前的中国了。
②It makes us very angry, and we won't .
这让我们非常生气，我们再也不能忍受了。
no longer what she used to be
stand for it any more
③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) whether he won the first place or not.
他是否赢得了第一名不再重要。
系统归纳 (1)not ...any longer (＝no longer) “不再”，一般指时间不再延续，常与延续性动词连用；
(2)not ...any more (＝no more) “不再”，表示程度，常指数量或次数(频率)不再重复，常与非延续性动词连用。
It was no more important
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
1．动词短语
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Butterflies feed a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.
②Don't worry.I'm sure your missing glasses will turn sooner or later.
on
up
③Mr Wang's new car broke and he had to go to work by bike again.
④The young man has been trying to for his further education.
这个年轻人一直在努力存些钱来继续深造。
down
put some money aside
2．动词短语使用时须注意的几点
(单句语法填空/句型转换)
①We are looking forward to (find) the answer to the question as soon as possible.
②Whenever the manager needs some information, he always looks up in the books.
finding
it
③It is wrong to look down others when they are in trouble.
④I am happy that my brother has looked after my pets well since I left for Beijing.
→I am happy that by my brother since I left for Beijing.
on/upon
my pets have been looked after well
[谨记规则]
(1)在“动词＋副词”构成的及物动词短语中，其宾语为名词时可以放在副词前或后，但是如果宾语是代词，则应放在动词和副词之间。
(2)在带有介词的动词短语中，介词的宾语一般紧随其后，可以跟名词、代词、动名词等。这类短语用于被动语态时，介词不可省略。
(3)“动词＋副词＋介词”所构成的动词短语看作一个及物动词，介词后跟宾语。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．behaviour n．行为，举止
常见考法 (1)be on one's best behaviour 举止有礼，行为检点
mind one's behaviour 注意某人的行为举止
(2)behave v. 表现，举止
behave well/badly to/towards sb. 对某人举止或行为表现好/差
behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体
升维考法 behave主要用作不及物动词，用作及物动词时，常以反身代词作宾语。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①The stories told in the works can act as mirrors and help you mind your own (behave)．
②The boy behaves everywhere and is popular with everyone he knows.
③Do remember to be your best behaviour no matter where you are.
behaviour(s)
well
on
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
④It's necessary to train children to behave (them) at the table.
⑤If parents do not teach their children good behaviour, they will do anything at will.(改写为“疑问词＋不定式”结构)
→If parents do not teach their children ,they will do anything at will.
themselves
how to behave themselves
2．catch sb.'s eye 吸引某人的目光；引起某人的注意
常见考法 keep an eye on 照看，照料
have an eye for 对……有鉴赏力和判断力
fix one's eyes on 凝视，盯着某物看
look sb.in the eye 直视/正视某人
an eye for an eye 以眼还眼，报复
close/shut one's eyes to 不理会
cry one's eyes out 痛哭
in the eye(s) of sb./in sb.'s eye(s) 在某人的心目中，在某人看来
升维考法 catch sb.‘s eye中的eye常用单数，其同义短语为attract/draw sb.’s attention。使用eye短语时要注意其中eye的单复数形式。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①We are surprised to find that the little boy has an eye painting.
②The angry mother asked the boy to look her in eye and tell her what happened.
③My warm-hearted neighbor always helps keep an eye my garden when I am out.
for
the
on
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/同义句转换)
④(2020·全国卷Ⅰ) Suddenly I found all the (eye) were fixed upon me.
⑤Suddenly, the policeman noticed something unusual in the garden.
→Suddenly, something unusual in the garden .(eye)
eyes
caught the policeman's eye
3．stand for 代表；象征
常见考法 stand (doing) sth. 忍受(做)某事
stand by 支持；袖手旁观
stand out 突出；显眼；杰出
stand on one's own feet 自立；不依靠他人
stand up for sb./sth. 支持，拥护
升维考法 (1)stand for表示“(字母、数字、符号等)代表/象征……”，且一般用主动语态，作非谓语时用现在分词形式；
(2)on behalf of 只能用作状语，表示“代表/代替某人”；
(3)represent表示“代表某人/某个团体/政府等”“某种标志代表……”“某物(书、雕塑等)表现的是……”“把某人/物描绘成……”。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①(2021·全国甲卷)For example, Chinese knots stand good luck and best wishes.
②After several rounds of competition, the little girl stood because of her excellent spoken English and quick response.
③Please remember I'll stand you and offer you help whatever happens.
for
out
by
?澄清升维考法
(选词填空：stand for/on behalf of/represent)
④Now, my schoolmates, I wish you a safe return.
⑤Tomorrow morning the secretary will the president at the meeting to deliver a speech.
⑥What do the five rings on the Olympic flag__________
on behalf of
represent
stand for
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．强调句型
(1)强调句型的构成：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who ...
(2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who ...
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that/who ...
(4)对“not ...until ...”进行强调时，应使用句型“It is/was not until ...that ...”。
注意：
(1)当被强调的部分指人时，句子的连词可用that/who，强调其他则用that。
(2)当被强调的部分为主语时，句子的谓语动词与被强调的主语保持一致。
(3)强调句型通常用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语等，不能强调谓语。对句子的谓语动词进行强调时用“do/does/did＋动词原形”。
(4)判断句子是否为强调句型的方法：把it is/was和that/who去掉，再把被强调部分归位到它本来的位置，若句子完整，则为强调句。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)His brave heart and strong faith could make something unusual happen finally.(强调主语)
→ could make something unusual happen finally.
It was his brave heart and strong faith that
②(2021·浙江1月高考)After that, you can have a special lunch with our students at canteen.(强调地点状语)
→After that, you can have a special lunch with our students.
it is at canteen that
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③他是通过努力工作才成功的。
he succeeded.
④直到他当选为学生会主席，他才意识到合作的重要性。
he realized the importance of cooperation.
It was through hard work that
It was not until he was elected president of the Students' Union that
⑤史密斯先生生气是因为杰克上学迟到了吗？
Mr Smith got angry
⑥是什么阻止他没及时来到？
that prevented him from coming in time
Was it because Jack came late for school that
What was it
2．seem to do似乎……
含seem的常用相关句型：
(1)“主语＋seem to do”，此句型中的seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语，其中不定式结构可以根据句意用to have done, to be doing替换一般式to do。
(2)“主语＋seem(＋to be)＋表语”，表语多为名词或形容词，有时是其他的词或短语，以说明主语的特征或状态。
(3)“It seems ＋ that从句”，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。
(4)“There＋seem(s) to be＋名词”，seem的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式而定。
(5)“It seems＋adj./n.＋to do sth.”，其中it是形式主语，不定式结构为真正主语。
(6)“It seems as if/as though ...”，其中it是形式主语，as if/as though为表语从句。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①The young girl seems much better this morning after a night's rest.
→
②It seems that there is something shining in front of the garden.
→ in front of the garden.
It seems that the young girl is much better this morning after a night's rest.
There seems to be something shining
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③当我开门时，孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西。
When I opened the door, in the room.
④如果没有任何明显的线索，似乎很难找出真相。
without any obvious clue.
the children seemed to be eating something
It seems difficult to find out the truth
⑤从他的信来看，他似乎已经辞职了。
Judging from his letters, .
⑥好像连我的地方都没有了，更别说我的四个包了。
,let alone my four bags.
he seems to have quitted/quit his job
It seemed that there wasn't enough space for me
2019·全国卷Ⅲ·阅读理解B篇
For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
“It's no secret that China has always been a source (来源) of inspiration for designers，” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A ＋ E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion (时尚) shows.
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics (美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
“China is impossible to overlook，” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement.” Of course, not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China — some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. “Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs — and beating them hands down in design and sales，” adds Hill.
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. “The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers，” she says. “China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China — its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章以国外视角介绍了中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响，展现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的引领作用。
1. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York
A．It promoted the sales of artworks.
B．It attracted a large number of visitors.
C．It showed ancient Chinese clothes.
D．It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，这次在纽约的展览拥有破纪录的出席人数。
2．What does Hill say about Chinese women
A．They are setting the fashion.
B．They start many fashion campaigns.
C．They admire super models.
D．They do business all over the world.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Chinese women are not just ... to its movement”可知，中国女性不仅是时尚的消费者，她们还是这场运动的核心。
3．What do the underlined words “taking on” in paragraph 4 mean
A．learning from B．looking down on
C．working with D．competing against
答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段画线词所在句可知，三位中国最优秀的时装设计者在设计和销量方面击败了三位顶尖西方设计师，据此可推知，take on在该句中表示“与……较量”。
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
B．A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
C．Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D．Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
答案：D
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响，展现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的引领作用。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
词义猜测题的思维建模(第3题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(熟词生义)For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative. _______________
②(熟词生义)Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. ______
创意；创作素材
激发
③(熟词生义)“China is impossible to overlook，” says Hill._____
④(一词多义)Of course, not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China — some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. _______
忽视
极棒的
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①home to ___________
②works of art _________
③with the aim of ___________________
④be central to _________________
⑤take sb. on ___________
⑥beat sb. hands down ___________________
⑦in many senses ___________
……的故乡
艺术作品
以……为目标；旨在
对……极为重要的
同某人较量
轻而易举地击败某人
在许多方面
三、寻结构破长句
1．Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement.
抓标志：关系代词__________
判类型：主句＋定语从句＋定语从句
试翻译：中国模特是 美丽和时尚运动的代言人， ——她们也是时尚运动的核心。
that; which
向全世界女性推销梦想的
这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者
2．If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China — its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.
抓标志：从属连词 ；连接词____
判类型：条件状语从句＋主句(含有一个宾语从句)
试翻译： ，你就是在谈论中国——它的影响、它的方向、它令人惊叹的服装，以及_________________________________
。
if
how
如果你谈论今天的时尚
年轻的设计师和模特是如何最终在
许多方面承认那一点的
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏结构之美)Of course, not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China — some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.
赏析：句中not only后句子采用了部分倒装句式。not only置于句首，句子采用部分倒装是写作中一种常用的高级句式，本句中not only用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调破折号后的内容，使重点突出，句式灵活多变。
[对点练——完成句子/句型转换]
① more correctly, but he spoke more easily.
他不仅讲得更准确，还讲得更不费劲了。
②He not only refused the gift but also severely criticized the sender.(用部分倒装改写句子)
→ ,but he also severely criticized the sender.
Not only did he speak
Not only did he refuse the gift
2.(赏用词之美)For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
赏析：作者在本句中使用了rich，long，inspiration，creative等说明了中国丰富的文化对西方时装创意的深远影响，用词准确达意。
[对点练——单句语法填空]
①Genius is one percent (inspire) and ninety-nine percent perspiration.
②Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our (create) thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
inspiration
creative
3．(赏意境之美)“The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers，”she says.
赏析：最著名的设计师是中国人，模特和顾客也是中国人。此情此景，充分展现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的引领和关键作用。
4．(赏结构之美)For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion.
赏析：it作形式主语，not to talk about China as the leading player作真正的主语，when discussing fashion是时间状语从句的省略形式，完整的句子是when we are discussing fashion。
[对点练——单句语法填空/完成句子]
① is difficult for us to finish the work in such a short time.
②Although the traditional Chinese dress may look more beautiful and stylish, it is a little bit strange .
虽然传统的中国服装可能看起来更漂亮和时尚，但穿着它到处走有点奇怪。
It
to walk around in it
“UNIT 3 Section Ⅱ 课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看
