(共102张PPT)
UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Section Ⅰ Topic Talk～Lesson 2
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．app n． 应用程序
2．impact n. 影响；作用
3．indeed adv. 确实；当然
4．super adj. 极好的，了不起的
5．alarm n. 闹钟
6．image n. 图像；形象
7．fancy adj. 花哨的，别致的
8．trick vt. 欺骗，诱骗，哄骗
9．sex n. 性别
10．blog n. 博客；网络日志
vt. 发表博客
11．type vi.& vt. 打；打字
n. 类型，种类
12．cheat vt. 欺骗；欺诈
13．view vt. 看，把……视为
14．latest adj. 最新的；最近的
15．device n. 设置，装置
16．ensure vt. 确保，保证
17．gender n. 性别
18．button n. 按钮
19．goods n. 商品
20．confirm vt. 确认；证实
21．error n. 错误；失误
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．self-focused adj. 以自我为中心的；关注自我的
2．download vt. 下载
3．avatar n. 头像，虚拟替身，图标
4．identity n. 身份；特征
5．sensible adj. 朴素实用的；明智的，合理的
6．experiment vi.& vt. 做实验，进行试验
n. 实验
7．nowadays adv. 现今，现时
8．hairstyle n. 发型，发式
9．virtual adj. 虚拟的；模拟的
10．subscribe vi. 订阅，订购
11．account n. 账户
12．software n. 计算机软件
13．material n. 材料；素材
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．able adj.有能力的→ vt.使可能，使发生→ n．能力
2．convenient adj.方便的，便利的→ n．方便，便利→___________ adj.不方便的
3．effect n．效应；影响→ adj.有效的；起作用的→___________ adv.有效地
enable
ability
convenience
inconvenient
effective
effectively
4．addict v．使沉溺，使上瘾 n．瘾君子→ adj.对……着迷的；沉迷的→ n．瘾，沉溺，癖好→ adj.上瘾的
5．recommend vt.推荐；建议→ n．建议，提议；推荐
6．explore vt.探究；探讨；探险→ n．探险者；勘探者→___________ n．勘探；探测；探险
7．admit vi.& vt.承认；允许进入→ n．承认；入场费
addicted
addiction
addictive
recommendation
explorer
exploration
admission
8．person n．人→ adj.个人的→ n．个性，性格
9．vary vi.变化；不同→ n．多样化，变化→ adj.各种各样的，不同的
10．instant adj.即时的；立刻的，马上的→ adv.立即；即刻 conj.一……就……
personal
personality
variety
various
instantly
11．create vt.创造；产生；制造→ adj.创造性的，有创造力的→_________ n．创造力；独创性→ n．创造
12．obvious adj.显而易见的，明显的→ adv.显而易见地，明显地
13．select vt.选择→ n．供选择的同类物品；选择
14．concern n．担忧，忧虑 vt.与……有关；使担心→ adj.关切的，关心的→ prep.关于
creative
creativity
creation
obviously
selection
concerned
concerning
15．accommodate vt.提供住宿→ n．住处
16．power n．能力；力量；权力→ adj.效能高的；强有力的；强壮的→ adj.无力的；没有能力的
17．real adj.真实的→ adv.真地→ n．现实；真实→____________ v．实现
accommodation
powerful
powerless
really
reality
realize/realise
18．press vt.按→ n．压力，按压
19．favour n．恩惠；善意的行为→ adj.赞成的；有利的→_________ adj.最喜爱的
20．deliver vi.& vt.递送；传送→ n．交付；递送；分娩
pressure
favourable
favourite
delivery
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.en-动词前缀词知多少
①enable 使可能，使发生
②encourage 鼓励
③endanger 使濒危
④ensure 确保，保证
⑤enlarge 扩大
⑥enrich 使丰富
2.“极好”表达记心中
①super adj. 极好的，了不起的
②excellent adj. 极好的，优秀的
③outstanding adj. 极好的，杰出的
④fantastic adj. 极好的
⑤splendid adj. 极好的
⑥remarkable adj. 极好的；显著的
3.“看”遍天下赏美景
①view vt. 看，把……视为
②stare vi. 凝视
③see vt. 看到
④spot vt. 看到
⑤glimpse vi. 瞥见
⑥glare vi. 怒视
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 使某人能够做某事
2． 和某人交流
3． 沉迷
4． 作为……而出名
5． 在20世纪80年代
enable sb. to do sth.
communicate with sb.
be addicted to
(be) known as
in the 1980s
6． 各种各样的
7． 代替，而不是
8． 玩得开心
9． 或多或少
10． 害怕……
a variety of
instead of
have fun
more or less
be/become afraid of
11． 从更积极的角度来看
12． 盼望，期望
13． 弄清楚，弄明白
14． 建起，竖起；建立
15． 注册
16． 挑出；辨别出；挑选；领会；理解
in a more positive light
look forward to
figure out
set up
sign up
pick out
[联想串记]
1.“各种各样”短语荟萃
①a variety of ②all kinds of
③all sorts of ④a wide range of
2.look短语扫描
①look forward to 盼望，期望
②look into 调查
③look through 浏览
④look about/around/round 环视，往四周看
⑤look after 照看，照顾
⑥look up 查阅；抬起头
3.“动词＋out”短语集锦
①figure out 弄清楚，弄明白
②find out 弄清楚，弄明白
③put out 扑灭；生产；出版
④come out 出来；出版，发行
⑤break out (战争、火灾)爆发
⑥make out 理解；辨认
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．过去分词短语作定语
教材原句 These digital identities, known as avatars, are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves.
这些数字身份，被称作“虚拟形象”，这是人们利用互联网进行交流和表达自己的关键部分。
推荐佳句 (新教材外研版必修1佳句)Grandfather and Father, seated at the table, are playing chess.
祖父和父亲坐在桌边下国际象棋。
2．so ...that ...引导结果状语从句
教材原句 Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world.
一些用户担心他们在虚拟世界中花费了太多时间，以至于开始害怕在现实世界中与人见面。
推荐佳句 (2022·全国甲卷)Oceans play so critical a role in the world that everyone should protect them.
海洋在世界上发挥着至关重要的作用，因此每个人都应该保护海洋。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
形体描写之“鼻”
I took the flower and said，“Thank you! You have picked the best one.”“You are welcome！” the boy replied with a smile. Before I could say another word, he had run away. I was lost in thought — The darkness in front of him didn't cover his mind; while with a colorful world in front of me, I failed to appreciate the bright side of life. I held the flower up to my nose and took a deep breath, smelling the fragrance of it. Indeed, it was the most beautiful.
[点评] 本段中使用了“to my nose, took a deep breath, smelling”等与鼻子有关的描写，形象地刻画了“我”欣赏小男孩送给“我”的花时的惬意与开心，并引发“我”对生活的思考。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The anti-smoking campaign has had quite an (影响) on young people.
2．But you could have settled the matter in a (明智的) way.
3．Nowadays most songs cannot be (下载) free from the Internet.
impact/effect
sensible
downloaded
4．Products you buy online can be (递送) to your home.
5．Yesterday Dana (承认) feeling hurt by what I had said.
6．He actually enjoys his new (发型) and has decided to start showing it off.
7．Rescuers used a special (装置) for finding people trapped in collapsed buildings.
delivered
admitted
hairstyle
device
8．The role of the police is to (确保) that the local people are safe.
9．He (打字) with only one finger, which looks too slow.
10．Some people believe that (实验) on animals should be banned.
ensure
types
experiments
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Silence may (view) by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable.
2．Just for (convenient), I'm going to live at my mother's place until my new house is ready.
3．One of the advantages is that we can find a (vary) of topics, such as science, culture and history.
be viewed
convenience
variety
4．Her natural (create) and artistic talent make her home a wonderful place.
5．Our friends played (trick) on us and tried to fool us.
6． (obvious), he was making up an excuse for his being late.
7．The young man was promoted as manager of the big company thanks to the (recommend) letter of his professor.
creativity
tricks
Obviously
recommendation
8．The (real) of the situation is that unless we find some new funding soon, the youth centre will have to close.
9．The picture quality is bad because the TV signal isn't (power) enough.
10．This new programme can (able) older people to study at college.
reality
powerful
enable
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Zhang Guimei an influential person in Chinese education.
2．We are seeing him tomorrow.
look forward to， be afraid of， instead of， more or less， be known as， be concerned about， set up， be addicted to， a variety of， pick out
is known as
looking forward to
3．She whether they would be discovered.
4．My parents were unhappy with what I had done.
5．People change their minds for reasons.
6．Try to understand what's actually happening acting on the assumption you've made.
was concerned about
more or less
a variety of
instead of
7．I know that if I start watching a soap opera I will it and watch it every day.
8．Wolves in the areas people and never attack people.
9．They a statue of the hero in the park in memory of him.
10．She a fancy dress, put it on and went to the party.
be addicted to
are afraid of
set up
picked out
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)They are looking forward to a time .
他们正在盼望他们能聚会的时候。
2．(完成句子)By four o'clock tomorrow afternoon, I____________________
.
到明天下午4点钟，我将已经完成了所有工作。
when they can get together
will have finished all
the work
3．(完成句子)We finally reached a village ,whose beautiful landscape is a true feast for the eyes.
我们最终到达了一个群山环绕的村庄，其美景堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
4．(完成句子)The staff members were in shock when hearing they would take a test on Sunday (而不是野餐)．
surrounded by mountains
instead of having a picnic
5．(完成句子) I was meeting these guys who were_____________________
________(多数和我年龄相仿).
6．(一句多译)路上的车很多以至于我过不去。
①There were I couldn't get through.(so ...that ...)
② ,I couldn't get through.(with的复合结构)
③ ,I couldn't get through.(独立主格结构)
mostly more or less my
own age
so many cars in the road that
With so many cars in the road
There being so many cars in the road
7．I still remember that I visited a friend who'd lived here for five years.(改为简单句)
→I still who'd lived here for five years.
8．The first textbook which was written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.(改为非谓语动词作定语)
→The first textbook as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
remember visiting a friend
written for teaching English
9．The young girl gradually became addicted to reading, and devoted herself to a wide variety of books.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
→ ,the young girl devoted herself to a wide variety of books.
Addicted to reading
10．(句型转换) As I was busy preparing for my final exam, I didn't reply to your email as soon as I received it.
→As I was busy preparing for my final exam, I didn't reply to your email ________________________________________________________
I received it.
immediately/directly/instantly/the moment/the minute/the instant
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．admit vi.& vt.承认；允许进入；准许……进入
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The thief finally admitted (steal) the money.
stealing/having stolen
②I felt he would see my giving up now as an (admit) that I was wrong.
③Owing to his optimism and perseverance, he Beijing University.
由于他的乐观和毅力，他被北京大学录取了。
admission
was admitted into
系统 归纳 (1)admit doing/having done sth. 承认做/做过某事
admit ...to be ... 承认……是……
be admitted to/into 被接收(入学/入院/入党等)
admit that ... 承认……
(2)admission n． (尤指对过错、罪行的) 承认；允许进入
微点提醒 admit后面接v.-ing形式作宾语。
2．instant adj.即时的；立刻的，马上的n.立即，瞬间
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The shocked boy froze an instant, and then fled.
②With the rapid development of technology, the information is___________ (instant) available.
③Tired and exhausted, she fell asleep .
她筋疲力尽，一闭上眼睛就睡着了。
for
instantly
the instant she closed her eyes
系统归纳 (1)in an instant 片刻，瞬间
for an instant 一瞬间
the instant 一……就……
(2)instantly adv. 立即
conj. 一……就……
微点提醒 表示“一……就……”的连词或短语还有：as soon as, the moment/minute/second, hardly ...when ..., no sooner ...than ...，directly, immediately等。
3．deliver vi.& vt.递送；传送；接生；发表(演说等)
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①You can pay for the goods on (deliver) if you buy them online.
②A few days later, the machine Mrs Meredith's doorstep.
几天后，机器被送到了梅雷迪斯太太的家门口。
③She a healthy boy when she was 29.
29岁时，她生了一个健康的男孩。
delivery
was delivered to
was delivered of
系统归纳 (1)deliver sb./sth.to sb. 把某人/某物递送/传递给某人
deliver a speech/lecture 发表演讲/授课
be delivered of a baby ＝ give birth to a baby 生孩子
(2)delivery n． 递送，交付(信件、货物等)
pay cash on delivery 货到付款
4.be known as作为……而出名
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The lake is known a home to many birds.
②He is known his sense of humour.
③ ,Mount Hua is famous for its breathtaking cliffs.
众所周知，华山以其令人叹为观止的悬崖峭壁而闻名。
as
for
As is known to us all
系统归纳 be famous/noted as 作为……而出名
be known/famous/noted for 因……而著名
be known to 被……所知
as is known to us all 众所周知
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
过去将来时
(单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换)
①When I met my friend, he said his mother (operate) on soon.
②They said goodbye, little knowing that they were never (meet) again.
would be operated
to meet
③They promised that they again.
他们承诺不会再犯同样的错误。
④“We're going to Canada in the summer，” said he.
→He said in the summer.
[谨记规则]
过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用的结构形式为：would do; was/were going to; was/were to do 等。
wouldn't make the same mistake
they were going to Canada
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．variety n．多样化，变化；种类
常见考法 (1)a variety of＝varieties of 各种各样的
the variety of ... ……的种类
(2)vary vi. 变化；不同
vary between ...and ... 在……和……之间变化
vary from ...to ... 从……到……不等
vary with 随着……而变化
vary in 在……方面不同
(3)various adj. 各种各样的，不同的
升维考法 (1)a variety of 表示“各种各样的”，the variety of表示“……的种类”。类似的还有a number of (许多) 和the number of (……的数量)。
(2)vary in＝differ in＝be different in表示“在……方面不同”。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①It covers wide variety of topics to attract senior students, leading us into the outer world.
②The samples varied quality but were generally acceptable.
③The author gave (vary) reasons for having written the book.
a
in
various
?细练升维考法(对比填空/完成句子)
④ variety of products offered in this online store is rich so you can buy __variety of products that you need.
⑤Toys shapes and sizes so they can meet various needs.
玩具形状和大小都不同，因此可以满足不同的需要。
The
a
vary in/differ in/are different in
2．concern n．担忧，忧虑；关注；(利害)关系 vt.与……有关；使担心
常见考法 (1)show/express concern for/about ... 对……表示关心
have no concern with ... 和……无关
(2)concern oneself about/with ... 关心……
concern oneself in ... 介入/卷入……
(3)concerned adj. 关切的，关心的；担心的；有关的
be concerned about/for 对……担心/关心
be concerned with 关心……；与……有关
as/so far as ...be concerned 就……而言
升维考法 (1)concerning意为“关于”，是介词。类似的词汇还有：regarding，considering等。
(2)concerned作形容词用作前置定语时，意为“关心的，担忧的”；作后置定语时，意为“有关的，相关的”。如：a concerned look“关切的神色”；the authorities concerned“有关当局”。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①Parents' showing loving concern their children is natural.
②He loved his wife, and concerned himself her needs and desires.
③I'm (concern) that they may have got lost.
④As far as I'm (concern), we must get fully prepared and practise hard in order to perform well in the match.
for/about
about/with
concerned
concerned
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
⑤I've had a letter from the tax authorities (concern) my tax payments.
⑥Some of suffered particularly from the low prices and impressed me.
其中一些相关的农民因低价而深受其害，他们担忧的神情令我印象深刻。
concerning
the farmers concerned
their concerned look
3．favour(＝favor) n．恩惠；善意的行为；喜爱；帮忙 vt.喜爱；支持；偏爱
常见考法 (1)ask sb.a favour/ask a favour of sb. 请求某人帮忙
do sb.a favour/do a favour for sb. 帮某人一个忙
in favour of 同意；支持；赞成
in one's favour 对某人有利
(2)favour A over B 喜欢A超过B
(3)favourite (＝favorite) adj. 最喜爱的
n. 最喜爱的人或物
(4)favourable (favorable) adj. 赞成的；有利的；同意的；
升维考法 表示“支持；赞成”的表达方式：be in favour of/be for＝approve of＝favour＝support。注意介词(短语)不能作谓语。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①The Council voted favour of the housing development in this area.
②In the survey, a majority of people favoured higher taxes and better public services tax cuts.
③It's one of my (favour) movies and I have watched it three times.
④We have had a (favour) response to the plan so far.
in
over
favourite
favourable
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
我很高兴你支持我的计划。
⑤I am happy that you my plan.
⑥I am happy that you my plan.
⑦I am happy that you my plan.
⑧I am happy that you my plan.
are in favour of
are for
approve of
favour/support
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．过去分词短语作定语
(1)过去分词短语作定语时，常放在被修饰词的后面；
(2)过去分词短语作定语时，通常与被修饰词之间是被动关系，有时强调此动作已完成；
(3)有些形容词化的过去分词如lost, excited, known等作定语时，和被修饰词之间不含被动关系，只强调修饰词所处的状态。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①Mo Yan is known as a writer and has produced many works.
→Mo Yan, ,has produced many works.
②We all attended the meeting.It was held in the school lecture hall last Friday.
→We all attended the meeting last Friday.
known as a writer
held in the school lecture hall
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③去年夏天我参加了我们学校组织的夏令营。
④我喜欢我哥哥设计的这个玩具。
Last summer I participated in the summer camp organized by our school.
I like the toy designed by my brother.
2．so ...that ...引导结果状语从句
(1)so ...that ...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句时，常用于以下句式中：
(2)such ...that ...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句时，常用于以下句式中：
(3)当“so＋形容词/副词”及“such ...”放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①They have spent much time playing games and therefore they are afraid of falling behind in their study.
→They have spent they are afraid of falling behind in their study.
so much time playing games that
②Beijing is developing so fast that you can never imagine what it will be like next year.(用倒装结构进行升级)
→ you can never imagine what it will be like next year.
So fast is Beijing developing that
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③他如此虚弱以至于他几乎不能站起来。
He was he could hardly stand up.
④有那么多的烟，所以我看不清楚。
There was I couldn't see clearly.
⑤天气如此寒冷以至于街上没有人。
It was there was nobody in the street.
so weak that
so much smoke that
such a cold day/so cold a day that
2022·全国乙卷·阅读理解C篇
Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。无人机将会在保证铁路的安全性和可靠性的同时，还能帮助铁路运营商每年节省大量费用。
1．What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible
A．The use of drones in checking on power lines.
B．Drones' ability to work at high altitudes.
C．The reduction of cost in designing drones.
D．Drones' reliable performance in remote areas.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure”可知，无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。它们同样可以被用来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面。由此可知，无人机已经被用于检查高压电线，这使得无人机在铁路线上的应用成为可能。
2．What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Personnel safety.
B．Assistance from drones.
C．Inspection and repair.
D．Construction of infrastructure.
答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.”可知，据计算，仅欧洲铁路每年就花费约200亿欧元用于维护，包括派遣维护人员、经常在夜间检查和维修铁路基础设施。由此可知，画线词指的是“检查和维修”。
3．What function is expected of the rail drones
A．To provide early warning.
B．To make trains run automatically.
C．To earn profits for the crews.
D．To accelerate transportation.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones ... react in time.”可知，工程师们现在正在研究一个新概念：未来的铁路无人机。它们将在列车前方的轨道上运行，并被设定为自动运行。配备了先进传感器和人工智能的小型无人机可以像副驾驶员一样引导火车前进。它们有预见未来的能力，可以发出任何问题的信号，这样快速行驶的列车就能及时做出反应。由此可知，人们期待未来的铁路无人机具备提供早期预警的功能。
4．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B．How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C．What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D．How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
答案：D
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句和下文对无人机在铁路领域的应用的介绍以及对未来无人机的发展展望可知，在未来，无人机将会保证铁路的安全性和可靠性，或许会成为铁路安全的新未来。故D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来”最适合作本文的标题。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
词义猜测题的思维建模(第2题)
思维建模 模型应用
第一步：定位 查找对应信息点 根据题干关键信息maintenance和in paragraph 3定位到第三段第一、二句。
第二步：理解 信息点的字面意思 这包括大量节省成本和更好地保护铁路人员的安全。据计算，仅欧洲铁路每年就花费约200亿欧元用于维护，包括派遣维护人员经常在夜间检查和维修铁路基础设施。
第三步：分析 信息点与被猜测词义的语义关联和逻辑关系 由including可知，画线词maintenance 与inspect and repair表意一致。画线词意思是“检查和维修”。故选C。
续表
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)Can a small group of drones guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year？_____________________
②(一词多义)Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient across the board. ；_____
(设备、机器的)操作员
消减
运营
③(熟词生义)They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. ；_____
轨道
设置
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①at the same time _________
②apply ... to ... ________________
③make sure _____
④on a 24/7 basis _______
⑤provide sth. for sb. _______________
⑥work on _____
与此同时
把……应用于……
确保
全天候
为某人提供某物
从事
⑦ahead of ___________
⑧in time _____
⑨millions of _______
⑩be safe for ___________
be used to do _________
such as _____
在……之前
及时
数百万
对……安全
被用来做
例如
三、寻结构破长句
1．That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
抓标志：连接词(第二个)_____
判类型：复合句(含有一个宾语从句)
试翻译：那很有可能是未来的情景——应用今天的“空中之眼”技术来确保 。
that
全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行
2．With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
抓标志：从属连词_______
判类型：主句＋目的状语从句
试翻译：它们有预见未来的能力，可以发出任何问题的信号， 。
so that
这样快速行驶的列车就能及时做出反应
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.
赏析：作者运用了precisely(精确地，准确地)，inspect(检查)，vital(至关重要的)，correct(正确的)等词，具体准确地说明了无人机在检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面的重要作用。
[对点练——单句语法填空/完成句子]
①“We'd like to try this on，” she'd say carefully, uttering her words_________ (precise)and properly.
②I carefully made my selection, (inspect) each plant to make sure that I had indeed found the best roses.
precisely
inspecting
③Having healthy eating habits because a healthy body allows you to enjoy a happier life.
拥有健康的饮食习惯对你来说至关重要，因为健康的身体可以让你享受更快乐的生活。
is vital to you
2.(赏结构之美)The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved.
赏析：该句运用了“the more ...，the more ...”句型表示“越……，就越……”，准确说明了铁路的安全性、可靠性和准点率与规律检查之间的关系——检查越有规律，铁路的安全性、可靠性和准点率就越高。
[对点练——句式升级]
If you use English more frequently, you can learn it well faster.
→ (“the more ...，the more ...”句型)
The more frequently you use English, the faster you can learn it well.
3.(赏修辞之美)Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.
赏析：作者用明喻的修辞手法，把配备了先进传感器和人工智能的小型无人机比作一位副驾驶员，说明了这种无人机的作用，生动形象、通俗易懂。
“UNIT 4 Section Ⅰ 课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看(共96张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Lesson 3～Reading Club
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．replace vt. 取代；接替
2．hug n．&vt. 拥抱；紧抱
3．content n. 内容
4．basis n. 基础；基点
5．percent n. 百分比；百分数
6．opinion n. 意见；看法；主张
7．focus vi. 给予某物关注
n. 焦点
8．tablet n. 平板电脑；药片；碑，牌
9．emoji n. 表情符号
10．profile n. 人物简介；传略
11．series n. 系列
12．author n. 作者，作家
13．policy n. 政策，方针
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．concerned adj. 关切的，关心的
2．shallow adj. 肤浅的，浅薄的
3．trivial adj. 没有什么价值的；微不足道的
4．maintain vt. 保持；维持
5．smartphone n. 智能手机
6．thought-provoking adj. 发人深省的，令人深思的
7．authority n. 权威人士；专家
8．fantasy n. 幻想作品
9．digitise vt. 把……转变成数字形式，使……数字化
10．wristband n. 腕带
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．harm vt.& n．伤害，损害→ adj.有害的→ adj.无害的
2．argue vt.& vi.讨论；辩论；争论→ n．论点；论据
3．concentrate vi.专注，专心；集中注意力→ n．集中→___________ adj.全神贯注的
4．reward n．报答；赏金；报酬 vt.奖赏；给……报酬→ adj.有益的；有意义的
harmful
harmless
argument
concentration
concentrated
rewarding
5．add v．加；增加，添加→ n．增添；添加→ adj.额外的
6．limit n．界限；限度 vt.限制；限定→ adj.有限的→_________ adj.局限的，限制性的
7．brief adj.简洁的，简明的→ adv.简洁地，简明地
8．locate v．位于；查找……的地点→ n．位置；地点
addition
additional
limited
limiting
briefly
location
9．option n．选择→ adj.可选择的；非强制的
10．imagine vt.想象→ adj.想象的，虚构的→ n．想象；想象力→ adj.富有想象力的
11．amaze vt.使吃惊→ adj.了不起的；惊人的→ adj.吃惊的→ n．惊讶；惊愕
optional
imaginary
imagination
imaginative
amazing
amazed
amazement
12．private adj.私人的，私立的，秘密的→ n．隐私
13．sail vi.航海，航行→ n．水手，海员→ n．航海，航行
14．access n．通道；(使用或见到的)机会 v．访问，存取(计算机文件)；进入→ adj.易懂的；易得到的
privacy
sailor
sailing
accessible
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.-ise/ize动词后缀词巧集结
①digitise 使……数字化
②realise 实现，意识到
③modernize 使现代化
④industrialize 使工业化
⑤internationalize 使国际化
⑥criticize 批评
2.“拥抱、点头、拍打”等肢体语言记心中
①hug n．&vt. 拥抱；紧抱
②embrace n．&vt. 拥抱
③nod n．&v. 点头
④touch n．&vt. 触摸
⑤pat n．&vt. 拍打
⑥clap n．&vt. 拍(手)，轻拍
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 根据；按照
2． 关心……
3． 与……作比较
4． 除此之外
5． 在……的基础上
according to
be concerned with
compare to
in addition
on the basis of
6． 关注
7． 和……保持联系
8． 照顾
9． 指出，指明
10． 与……连接；使有关系
focus/concentrate on
stay/be in touch with
care for
point out
connect with
11． 发现
12． 有许多相同之处
13． 使……恢复生机/活力
14． 把……和……结合起来
15． 恢复生机
16． 除了……之外
find out
have a lot in common
bring sth.to life
combine ... and ...
come alive
other than
[联想串记]
1.care短语汇聚
①care for 照顾
②care about 忧虑；关心；惦念
③take care 当心；小心
④take care of 照看；照料；照顾
⑤in the care of sb. 由某人负责
⑥with care 小心；谨慎
2.bring 短语一览
①bring sth. to life 使……恢复生机
②bring sth.back 送回；恢复；回想起
③bring sth.down 降低，使飞行器着陆
④bring sth.forth 产生
⑤bring sth.forward 提出某事
⑥bring sb. into sth. 使某人接触
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．while引导让步状语从句
教材原句 While the Internet can bring people closer together, it can also harm friendships.
虽然互联网可以让人们更亲近，但它也会损害友谊。
推荐佳句 (新教材外研版选择性必修4佳句)Some of us do take a more unusual path through life, and while it may be a harder one to follow, it can also lead to new adventures and experiences.
生活中确实会有一些人选择不寻常的道路，虽然路途更加艰难，但也会带来新的奇遇和经历。
续表
2．make it＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.
教材原句 According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.
根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。
推荐佳句 (2022·全国乙卷) Half of the students think it helpful for them to watch English movies to practice English.
一半的学生认为看英语电影练习英语对他们有帮助。
3．whenever引导让步状语从句
教材原句 Whenever someone needs help, friends from all over the world can immediately provide useful suggestions or information.
无论何时有人需要帮助，来自世界各地的朋友可以立即提供有用的建议或信息。
推荐佳句 (2022·全国甲卷) Whenever we see someone throwing garbage into oceans, we should stop them.
无论什么时候我们看到有人往海里扔垃圾，我们都应该阻止他们。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
形体描写之“舌”
But that's not all to it. When I was ten, I was nervous, shy, tongue-tied when facing strangers, and essentially a bookworm. These signs looked fatal to my mother, and possibly to you, too; she thought that I could be anything but a good public speaker.
[点评] 本段中使用了“tongue-tied”描写人物的紧张心理，十分形象。与tongue有关的表达还有bite one's tongue “闭嘴，保持沉默”； bite one's tongue off“对自己说的话感到懊悔”； on the tip of one's tongue“话到嘴边可一时想不起来”等。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I hope I never live to see the day when computers finally (代替) books.
2．Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and (维持) friendships.
3．They put their arms around each other and (拥抱)．
4．She hadn't read the letter and so was unaware of its (内容)．
replace
maintain
hugged
contents
5．We were invited to give our (意见) about how the work should be done.
6．These fish are found in (浅的) waters around the coast.
7．The new law is designed to protect people's (隐私)．
8．With us long believing that talking plants are (幻想), new research has revealed something amazing: it appears that plants can communicate after all.
opinions
shallow
privacy
fantasy
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The story is set in an (imagine) world, where people live on the moon.
2．It is very (reward) to keep a diary of daily happenings.
3．It is (harm) to our health as we hardly have any time to go in for sports.
imaginary
rewarding
harmful
4．The writing of poems, stories or plays is often called (create) writing.
5．The (argue) among the two parties was blown up by the press.
6．She said little, only answering (brief) when asked a question.
7．The (amaze) thing is that it was kept secret for so long.
8．The problem with some of these drugs is that they are so___________ (access)．
creative
argument
briefly
amazing
accessible
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．I think he is very selfish.He mainly himself.
2．We judge a worker his performance.
3．With his attention his experiment, he didn't notice my arrival.
concentrate on， in addition， on the basis of， compare to， be content with， be concerned with， focus on， do harm to
is
concerned with
on the basis of
focused/concentrated on
4．I've had some difficulties, but they were nothing yours.
5．You need money and time; , you need diligence.
6．He was exhausted and too tired to schoolwork.
7．We should not such a small success.
8．Nuclear power will our health and safety if improperly used.
compared to
in addition
concentrate/focus on
be content with
do harm to
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)The city is no longer .
这个城市已不再是十年前的样子了。
2．(完成句子)WeChat really for people to communicate with each other.(make)
微信真的让人们互相交流更方便了。
what it was ten years ago
makes it more convenient
3．(同义句转换)No matter when she comes, she brings some delicious food for me.
→ ,she brings some delicious food for me.
4．Your ability to do the job matters, not where you come from or what you are.
→ ,not where you come from or what you are.(用强调句型升级)
Whenever she comes
It is your ability to do the job that matters
5．(一句多译)虽然我承认有问题，但我不同意这些问题无法解决。
① ,I don't agree that they cannot be solved.(while)
② ,I don't agree that they cannot be solved.(despite)
While I admit that there are problems
Despite the fact that I admit that there are problems
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．harm vt.& n．伤害，损害
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Staring at the screen for a long time does harm our eyes.
②The substance is (harm) to people so you can use it.
to
harmless
③Eating too much every day is to our health; that is to say, eating too much every day does to our health.(harm)
④If you want to solve the problem in this way, .
如果你想以这种方式来解决问题，给他打个电话没有坏处。
harmful
harm
there is no harm in calling him
微点提醒 do harm to与be harmful/harmless to中的to均为介词，后面要跟名词、代词或动名词；harm既可以作名词也可以作动词，do harm to等同于harm。
续表
2．concentrate vi.专注，专心；集中注意力
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①We must concentrate our efforts on (improve) education.
②I found it hard to keep my (concentrate) with such a noise going on.
③Having failed my French exams, I decided to_____________________
.
我因法语考试不及格而决心专攻理科。
improving
concentration
concentrate on science
subjects
系统归纳 (1)concentrate on (doing) sth. 专心于(做)某事
concentrate one's mind/attention/oneself on
...集中注意力于；致力于
(2)concentration n. 集中；专心
微点提醒 表示“专注于；专心于”的短语集锦：fix/focus on; be lost/absorbed/buried in; put one's heart into; abandon oneself to; be devoted to等。
3.content n．内容；目录；容量；满足 adj.满足的；满意的 vt.使满足
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①They are dancing and singing their heart's content.
②We'll be content a respectable result in tomorrow's match.
③The manager .
经理很乐意让我发表演讲。
to
with
is content to let me give a speech
系统归纳 (1)to one's heart's content 尽情地
(2)be/feel content with ... 对……满足/满意
be content to do sth. 乐于做某事
(3)content oneself with ... 满足于……
4．other than除了……之外
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①He doesn't eat pork, but than that he'll eat just about anything.
②I am to receive your letter.
收到你的信我非常高兴。
③We'll make delicious dumplings with our own hands some ready-made frozen dumplings.
我们会自己动手包美味的饺子而不是买现成的冷冻水饺。
other
more than delighted
rather than buy
系统归纳 more than 超过；非常；不仅仅
no more than 仅仅；只不过
not more than 至多；不超过
rather than 不愿；而不是
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
复合词
(用适当的复合词完成句子/句型转换)
①The sold at the are designed for the old.
该网站出售的智能手机是为老年人设计的。
smartphones
website
②I was looking for a present for my but I didn't find anything suitable.
我正在为我的笔友寻找生日礼物，但我没有找到任何合适的东西。
③Only 20 of the boys in our class said they can deal with some practical, problems.
我们班只有20% 的男孩说他们能处理一些实际的、现实的问题。
birthday
penfriend
percent
real-life
④Robert is a ,ambitious man, claiming to set up the largest .
罗伯特是一个以自我为中心的野心勃勃的人，声称在网上要建立世界上最大的超级市场。
⑤ goes back to when they were at school together.
他们的友谊可以追溯到他们一起上学的时候。
⑥America is a country which speaks English.
→America is .
self-centred
supermarket online
Their friendship
an English-speaking country
[谨记规则]
(1)复合名词通常由“n.＋n., adj.＋n., n．＋v.-ing, n．＋prep., adv.＋v.”等形式构成。例如：earthquake地震； homework家庭作业； grown-up成年人；mother-in-law岳母，婆婆； earthworm蚯蚓； bookworm书虫； pineapple菠萝； get-together聚会； breakthrough突破； sleeping-pill安眠药； waiting-room等候室等。
(2)复合形容词常常由“adj.＋n.，n.＋v.-ing，adj.＋n.＋-ed，adv.＋v.-ed/v.-ing”等构成。例如：long-distance长途的；real-life现实的； English-speaking说英语的；warm-hearted热心肠的； peace-loving热爱和平的； cold-blooded冷血的； well-known著名的； hard-working努力的等。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．focus vi.给予某物关注 vt.使集中；使聚焦 n．焦点
常见考法 (1)focus (...) on/upon ... (把……)集中于……
(2)come into focus (使某事)成为焦点
the focus of attention 关注的焦点
in focus 清晰的；焦距对准的
out of focus 模糊的，不清楚的
升维考法 focus one‘s attention/thoughts/minds/eyes on ...表示“集中注意力/思想/心思/目光于……”，此短语的被动语态和with的复合结构是经常考查的对象。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①The contest, which is scheduled to be held in our school hall on January 18th, will focus the traditional Chinese culture.
②These issues on environment have recently come sharp focus.
③The children's faces were focus in the photograph so I could see their bright smile.
④The war between the two countries has become the focus media attention.
on
into
in
of
?细练升维考法(句式升级)
⑤Because she focused her mind on her work, she could work efficiently.
→ ,she could work efficiently.(改写为被动语态)
→ ,she could work efficiently.(改写为with的复合结构)
Because her mind was focused on her work
With her mind focused on her work
2．amazing adj.了不起的；惊人的
常见考法 (1)It is amazing that ... 令人惊奇的是……
(2)amazed adj. 惊奇的，吃惊的
be amazed at/by ... 对……感到吃惊
be amazed to do ... 对做……感到惊奇
(3)amazement n. 吃惊；惊讶
in amazement 吃惊地
to one's amazement 令某人惊奇的是
升维考法 (1)amazed表示主语所处的状态，意为“感到吃惊的”，通常修饰人；修饰事物时，则多修饰smile, feeling, appearance, cry, face (表情), voice, mood, look (表情), eye (眼神)等表示人情感状况的名词；amazing表示主语的特点，意为“令人吃惊的”。
(2)in amazement为介词短语，相当于副词，在句中作状语。类似用法的短语还有：in surprise, with caution, with satisfaction, in silence等。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①It's (amaze) to see drivers using mobile phones frequently when they are driving.
②To my (amaze), he ate two apples and a pear before he went to bed.
③I was amazed (hear) the news that my favourite sportsman would give up the coming match.
amazing
amazement
to hear
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
④There was an (amaze) look on his face when he saw her brilliant painting.
⑤To my amazement, the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.
→ the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.(amaze)
→ the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.(amazing)
amazed
It amazed me that
It was amazing to me that
3．in addition 除此之外
常见考法 (1)in addition to 除……之外(还)
(2)add up 把……加起来
add sth.to sth. 把……加到/进……里
add up to 加起来共计/达
add to 增加；增添
add that ... 补充说……
升维考法 (1)in addition相当于besides，what's more, furthermore, moreover，其后不跟宾语，常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开；
(2)in addition to相当于besides, apart from, on top of, to是介词，其后须跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语；当主语后跟有in addition to 引出的介词短语时，谓语动词仍与其前的主语保持一致。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①He said he had not discussed the matter with her.In (add), he had not even contacted her.
②In addition to (borrow) 50 dollars, he asked me to lend him my car.
③This show will no doubt add his growing reputation.
④Rather than providing a solution, their statements merely added fuel __the fire.
addition
borrowing
to
to
?澄清升维考法
(选词填空：in addition/in addition to)
⑤ improving creativity, learning music also cultivates many skills that will continue to be useful to your children throughout their lives. ,it is the same with learning painting.
In addition to
In addition
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．while 引导让步状语从句
while既可用作连词，也可用作名词：
(1)while引导让步状语从句(常置于句首)时，意为“虽然；尽管”，相当于though或although；
(2)while引导时间状语从句时，意为“当……的时候”；
(3)while用作并列连词时，表示前后的对比，意为“然而；可是”；
(4)while用作名词，表示“一会儿；一段时间”。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①This is one possible solution to the problem.However, there are others.
→ ,there are others.
②I drink black coffee.My sister prefers it with cream.
→I drink black coffee .
While this is one possible solution to the problem
while my sister prefers it with cream
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③尽管前面会有很多挑战，但我有信心勇挑重担。
,I have confidence that I'll take on the burden.
④母亲做饭时我在写作业。
While there will be many challenges ahead
While my mother was cooking, I was doing my homework.
2．make＋it＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.
(1)当不定式短语或从句等作宾语时，多用it作形式宾语，构成的句型主要有：
make it＋adj./n.＋that从句
make it＋adj./n.＋to do sth.
make it＋no good/no use ...＋doing sth.
(2)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think, consider, find, feel等。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①People in China buy New Year's gifts for their relatives and friends.They make it a rule.
→People in China New Year's gifts for their relatives and friends.
make it a rule to buy
②With the advance of technology, we find that it is convenient to get in touch with others.
→With the advance of technology, we with others.
find it convenient to get in touch
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③新建的体育馆足够大，这使我们有可能参加各种各样的活动。
The newly-built stadium is large enough,______________________________
.
④我认为抱怨糟糕的局面是没有用的。
I the terrible situation.
which makes it possible for us to
consider/think it no use complaining about
take part in various activities
3．“疑问词＋-ever”引导的从句
(1)“疑问词＋-ever”既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句。引导让步状语从句时，“疑问词＋-ever”与“no matter＋疑问词”可以互换。
(2)“no matter＋疑问词”只可引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①You can ask for help at any time you need it.
→You can ask for help .
②Whatever the result is, we should accept it with a smile, because we have tried our best.
→ ,we should accept it with a smile, because we have tried our best.
whenever you need it
No matter what the result is
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③每次我想起我们的过去，我都会陷入沉思。
④有兴趣观看即将到来的排球比赛的人应提前预订门票。
should book the ticket in advance.
I will be lost in thought whenever I think of our past.
Whoever is interested in watching the coming volleyball game
2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解C篇
Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.
Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply.
That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted(分心)driving was “only increasing, unfortunately.”
“Big change requires big ideas.” he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving.
An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws.
“We need something on the books that can change people's behavior，” said Félix W．Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said，“people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.”
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。为解决司机在开车时使用手机造成“分神”，引发交通事故的问题，纽约的立法者提出使用Textalyzer(短信监控器)的技术来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。
1．Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US
A．Ineffective. B．Unnecessary.
C．Inconsistent. D．Unfair.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段以及第二段中的“Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse.”可知，大多数州禁止司机开车时发短信，使用了各种各样的方法来说服司机们在开车的时候放下手机，可是情况却越来越糟糕。所以各种方法都是无效的。ineffective意为“无效的”。
2．What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out
A．Where a driver came from.
B．Whether a driver used their phone.
C．How fast a driver was going.
D．When a driver arrived at the scene.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws.”可知，Textalyzer能够确定的是司机是否使用了手机发短信、邮件以及做过其他免提驾驶法不允许的事情。
3．What does the underlined word “something” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Advice. B．Data.
C．Tests. D．Laws.
答案：D
解析：代词指代题。画线词所在的句子的意思是“我们需要一些能改变人们行为的有案可查的东西。”由此可知，something指能够改变人们的行为的有案可查的东西。根据下文的“If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, ‘people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.’”可知， something指代的是法律。
4．What is a suitable title for the text
A．To Drive or Not to Drive Think Before You Start
B．Texting and Driving Watch Out for the Textalyzer
C．New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers
D．The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer
答案：B
解析：标题归纳题。纵观全文，第一段至第三段阐述的是虽然大多数州禁止司机开车时发短信，可是问题却越来越严重。第四段至第五段讲述的是为了解决该问题，纽约立法者提出了一个新的想法，即利用Textalyzer技术来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。最后一段讲述的是相关人士呼吁该项技术能够成为真正的法案，由此才能真正改变人们的行为。由此可知，选项B适合做文章的标题。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模(第1题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(熟词生义)Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos._____________
②(一词多义)Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply. _______
给……发短信
急剧地
③(一词多义)So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving._____
④(一词多义)If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said，“people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.” _____
方法
法案
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①a wide range of __________________
②put down _____
③behind the wheel _______
④refer to _____
⑤treat ...like ... __________________
⑥push for ____
⑦put one's hands on ________
多种多样的；广泛的
放下
在驾驶
提到
像……一样对待……
推动
把手放在
三、寻结构破长句
1．Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.
抓标志：并列连词 ；从属连词_____
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋复合句(含有一个时间状语从句)
试翻译：在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们 。
and
when
在开车时放下手机
2．The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws.
抓标志：连接词 ；关系代词_____
判类型：主句＋宾语从句(含有一个定语从句)
试翻译：这项技术可以确定 ，或者做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许做的其他事情。
whether
that
司机是否刚刚发了短信、发了邮件
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply.
赏析：作者使用了fall和rise一对互为反义词的动词，以及副词sharply，客观描述了开车时使用手机造成交通事故急剧上升这一事实，为下文介绍Textalyzer这一科技产品做好了铺垫。
[对点练——单句语法填空]
①The number of these precious species has been decreasing__________ (sharp)at an alarming rate, which leaves them at the edge of extinction.
②“What？”asked Caroline, her voice (rise)with alarm.
sharply
rising
2.(赏结构之美)Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos.
赏析：句中while引导时间状语从句，省略了they are; as well as，连接并列成分using social networks and taking photos，描述了美国人在开车时发短信，使用社交网络和拍照等不良行为。句式结构紧凑，语言凝练。
[对点练——单句语法填空/完成句子]
①When (ask) if he ever could have imagined such a response, Middleton said “never in this lifetime.”
②Washing dishes made me tired out.
洗碗和努力跟上我的学习使我精疲力尽。
asked
as well as trying to keep up with my study
3.(赏逻辑之美)If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said，“people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.”
赏析：条件状语从句说明了法案成为法律是纠正人们不良驾驶习惯的前提，比较级more afraid与上文描述的人们对禁令的无视形成鲜明对比。句子表意清晰，上下文衔接紧密。
“UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ 课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
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谢
观
看
