(共86张PPT)
UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS
Section Ⅰ Topic Talk～Lesson 2
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．niece n． 侄女，外甥女
2．nephew n. 侄子，外甥
3．flu n. 流行性感冒，流感
4．host vt. 主办；做……的东道主
n. 主人；主持人
5．angle n. 角
6．rocket n. 火箭
7．pour vt. 灌，注，倒
8．fuel n. 燃料
9．drag vt. 拖，拉
10．acid n. 酸
11．onion n. 洋葱
12．upset vt. 使生气，使心烦意乱
adj. 烦恼的，心烦意乱的
13．raise vt. 提出，提起
14．tense n. 时态
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．trait n. 特性，品质
2．outgoing adj. 外向的，好交际的
3．secondary adj. 中等教育的；中级的；次要的
4．grateful adj. 感激的，感谢的
5．triangle n. 三角形
6．hydrogen n. 氢
7．worthwhile adj. 值得做的；重要的；有益的
8．feedback n. 反馈意见
9．handle vt. 处理(难题)；应付(局面)
10．highlight vt. 标出；突出显示
11．manner n. 方式，方法
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．humour n．幽默感→ adj.幽默的
2．passion n．激情；热情；酷爱；盛怒→ adj.热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的
3．incredible adj.难以置信的；极好的→ adv.难以置信地
humorous
passionate
incredibly
4．occasion n．时刻；场合→ adj.偶尔的→ adv.偶尔；偶然
5．emotion n．情感，情绪；激情，强烈的情感→ adj.情感上的；情绪上的
6．extreme adj.极大的，极度的；极端的，严重的→ adv.极度，极其
occasional
occasionally
emotional
extremely
7．practice n．实际行动，通常的做法 v．练习；实习→ adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的→ adv.实事求是地；实际地
8．lack vt.缺乏 n．缺乏，不足→ adj.不足的；不在场的
9．present adj.现在的；出席的 n．礼物；现在，目前 vt.颁发；赠送；提出；展现；描述→ n．报告；陈述，说明
practical
practically
lacking
presentation
10．behave vi.表现；举止端正 vt.使守规矩；使表现得体→___________ n．行为，举止
11．access n．进入；接触的机会→ adj.可接近的，可到达的
12．educate vt.教育，教导→ n．教育→ adj.有教育意义的→ n．教育(学)家
13．prefer vt.偏爱，偏好→ n．偏爱，偏好
behaviour
accessible
education
educational
educationalist
preference
14．shame n．羞愧，惭愧→ adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的
15．intend vt.打算→ n．意图，目的；打算
16．demand n．& vt.要求→ adj.要求严格的；费力的
17．effect n．作用，效果→ adj.有效的→ adv.有效地
18．sense n．感官，感觉 vt.感觉，察觉→ adj.敏感的；善解人意的
ashamed
intention
demanding
effective
effectively
sensitive
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.后缀-al高频形容词巧汇总
①occasional 偶尔的
②occupational 职业的
③personal 个人的
④national 国家的；民族的
⑤traditional 传统的
⑥international 国际的
2.“v.＋prep./adv.”合成名词万花筒
①feedback n． 反馈意见
②breakdown 故障
③breakthrough 突破
④make-up 化妆品
⑤get-together 聚会
⑥setback 挫折
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 初次，第一次
2． 投入(倒)……于某物
3． 一双，一对
4． 过去经常，曾经
5． 共计，达到
6． 出发；引爆
for the first time
pour into
a couple of
used to
add up to
set off
7． 可以获得(接近)
8． 变得通红
9． 依赖，取决于
10． 变得烦躁不安
11． 去世
12． 指出
have access to
go bright red
depend on
get upset
pass away
point out
[联想串记]
1.“go＋adj.”短语集锦
①go bright red 变得通红
②go deaf 变聋
③go blind/mad/bad 变瞎/变疯/变质
④go wrong/wild 出毛病/变疯狂
⑤go hungry 挨饿
2.“v.＋away”短语积累
①pass away 去世
②break away 脱离；逃脱
③give away 捐赠；泄露
④put away 放好，收好
⑤take away 带走；解除
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
教材 原句 I found it all so boring and difficult.
我觉得这些东西既无聊又难以理解。
推荐 佳句 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)I found it beneficial to me to read the newspaper.
我发现读报纸对我有好处。
2．if only“要是……多好啊”
教材原句 Sometimes I think, if only I could call him and ask for his opinion!
有时我甚至想，如果能打电话征求他的意见就好了！
推荐佳句 I made a serious mistake.If only I had listened to my parents!
我犯了一个严重的错误。我要是当时听了父母的话就好了！
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
情感表达之“感激”
As soon as my father appeared, I held him tight “Thank you, Dad！” I said. I could see a big smile on his wrinkled face. Regardless of the bad weather, my father had gone to work every day to make money. I could not imagine how much effort he had made! I tried to convey my gratitude to him but words failed me. My father kissed me on the cheek, whispering that he had at last earned enough to buy the piano. It was an unbelievable surprise. Only then did I realize that no gift could measure up to a father's love.
[点评] 本段中使用了“held him tight, Regardless of the bad weather, how much effort he had made, tried to convey my gratitude, words failed me, measure up to”等动作或心理描写，充分表达了作者对父亲的感激之情。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Beijing (主办) the Winter Olympic Games in 2022.
2．They are (感激的) for the opportunity to give back and help others.
3．Wood, coal, oil, petrol and gas are all different kinds of (燃料)．
4．The girl who (缺乏) confidence in herself didn't do well in the test.
hosted
grateful
fuel
lacked
5．My parents (拖，拉) me away from the TV set and forced me to take exercise.
6．We were worried she wouldn't be able to (处理) it, but she came through in the end.
7．Plenty of rubbish and waste water are being (倒) into the rivers; as a consequence, water sources have become badly polluted.
8．You get so uptight whenever I (提起) the subject.
dragged
handle
poured
raise
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The sick children are (sense) to light and noise and usually become upset and scared.
2．It is agreed that reading widely is one of the most (effect) ways to enlarge our vocabulary.
3．He left England with the (intend) of travelling in Africa.
4．He has not expressed a (prefer) as to which school he wants to go to.
sensitive
effective
intention
preference
5．The sales manager will give a detailed (present) on the new products.
6．His strange (behave) upset his father after he returned home.
7．There are some obvious (practice) applications of the research.
8．He put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be___________ (access) to the kids.
presentation
behaviour
practical
accessible
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．How should we behave when we meet someone
2．Whether you like it or not, ads your life.
3．Children should learn to stand on their own feet rather than just __________ their parents.
set off， a couple of， used to， depend on， have access to， pour into， add up to， for the first time
for the first time
pour into
depend on
4．Many small victories a big one.
5．She get up late but now she rises early.
6．We will for Beijing in the summer holiday.
7．With a membership, you can the site without ads.
8．I spent days in the hospital because of the cold.
add up to
used to
set off
have access to
a couple of
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)The trouble is .
麻烦的是我把他的地址丢了。
2．(完成句子)She doesn't .(find)
她觉得谈论自己的问题并不容易。
that I have lost his address
find it easy to talk about her problems
3．(完成句子) (if only)
他当时要是记得买些水果来该多好！
4．(完成句子) ,I felt how fresh the air was.
在山上的第一天，我感到空气是那么的新鲜。
If only he'd remembered to buy some fruit！
The first day I was in the mountain
5．(一句多译)虽然体育场观众很少，但是通过电视观看这次比赛是值得的。
① though there were few spectators in the stadium.(worthwhile)
② though there were few spectators in the stadium.(worth)
③ though there were few spectators in the stadium.(worthy)
It was worthwhile to watch/watching the match on TV
The match was worth watching on TV
The match was worthy of being watched/to be watched on TV
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．lack vt.& vi.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺的东西
(单句语法填空)
①For lack human protection, some good fields have become deserts.
of
②While college graduates complain of lack of available jobs, factories are facing difficulties in hiring workers.
③Though (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to a university.
a
lacking
系统归纳 (1)a lack of ……的缺乏
for lack of 因为缺乏
(2)lacking adj. 不足的；不在场的
be lacking in 在……方面不足
微点提醒 lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可作及物动词直接加宾语(不能用于被动语态和进行时)，也可作不及物动词，后常与介词for连用；形容词lacking常与in连用。
2.access n．进入；接触的机会；接近，通道 vt.访问；接近；进入；获取
(写出下列句中access的词性及含义/完成句子)
①To sum up, low price, easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot.______________
②The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields._______
n.接触的机会
n.通道
③If all this information becomes even easier to access, is there an even greater risk of distraction？_______
④Students must a good library.
学生要有使用好图书馆的便利条件。
vt.获取
have access to/be accessible to
系统 归纳 (1)access to ……的权利/机会；……的通道/入口
have/gain/get/obtain access to 得以接近/进入；有权利得到
give access to 准许进入(接近)
(2)accessible adj. 可接近的，可到达的
be accessible to 易接近的；能进入的
微点 提醒 access前通常不加冠词；access和accessible的短语中的to都是介词。
3．used to过去经常，曾经
(完成句子)
①When we were young, we to drink wine.
年轻的时候我们不被允许喝酒。
② so much at lunchtime.
我不习惯在午餐时间吃这么多。
didn't use to/used not to be allowed
I'm not used to eating
③These colourful lights .
这些彩灯是用来装饰圣诞树的。
④There used to be a couple of bookstores here,
从前这里有几家书店，是不是？
are used to decorate the Christmas tree
didn't/usedn't there
系统归纳 (1)used to do sth. 过去经常做某事
There used to be ... 过去(曾经)有……
(2)be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
(3)be/get/become used to sth./doing sth. 习惯于某事/做某事
微点提醒 (1)used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”，而现在不做了，它的否定形式是didn't use to/used not to。
(2)be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”，指过去或现在。
4．set off出发；引起；引爆
(写出下列句中set off的含义)
①He set off the alarm when he smelled the smoke in the air._____
②Berlin people drank champagne, set off fireworks and tooted their car horn. _____
③It set off a chain reaction in the international money markets. _____
④If you want to catch that train, you'd better set off for the station immediately. _____
拉响
燃放
引起
动身
系统 归纳 set up 建立；引起
set down 写下；放下
set out (to do sth.) 出发；开始(做某事)
set about (doing sth.) 着手(做某事)
set aside 将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)；暂时不考虑
微点 提醒 set off 作“出发，动身”讲时，后加for表示去往目的地，可与set out for, head for换用。
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
过去完成时
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①By the time he left school, he (learn) English for six years.
②We ,but we were too busy to get away.
我们本来想帮助你的，但忙得脱不开身。
had learned
had wanted to help you
③Hardly when the audience kept asking him questions.
演讲者一结束他的讲话，观众就不停地向他提问。
④It was the second time that .
那是他第二次在大选中获胜。
had the speaker finished his speech
he had won the election
[谨记规则]
(1)过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作前已完成的动作或存在的状态，常与by, by the end of, by the time, before, since, until等后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句连用。
(2)某些词用于过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的想法，意为“本来期望/认为/打算……”。这类动词主要有：expect, hope, plan, suppose, think, intend, mean, want等。
(3)在“hardly/scarcely ...when ...; no sooner ...than ...”句型结构中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，意为“一……就……”。
(4)在“It/This was the first/second time＋that从句”句型中，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．worthwhile adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的
常见考法 (1)It is worthwhile to do/doing sth. 做某事是值得的
(2)worth adj. 价值……的，值……钱的；
值得的，具有……价值的
n. 价格，价值；重要性，作用
be (well) worth doing sth. (很)值得做……
常见考法 (3)worthy adj. 值得尊敬的，值得注意的，值得敬仰的；
值得的，应得的
be worthy of sth. 值得……
be worthy of being done/be worthy to be done ……值得做
升维考法 (1)worth只能作表语，后通常接名词(多数为钱数或价值相当的比喻性名词)，其后还可接动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，一般不接不定式；如果表示“很值得”要用be well worth；
(2)worthwhile 既可作表语，又可作定语，常用于句型it is worthwhile ...中，其后跟动名词短语或不定式短语均可(动名词短语或不定式短语是句子的真正主语)。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①If you are a young, inexperienced driver, it is worthwhile_____________ (have) comprehensive insurance.
②In a word, is worthwhile to rebuild the old bridge.
having/to have
it
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。
③The reference book ,because it is a great help for your study.(worth)
④The reference book ,because it is a great help for your study.(worthy)
⑤ the reference book, because it is a great help for your study.(worthwhile)
is worth buying
is worthy to be bought/of being bought
It is worthwhile buying/to buy
2．upset vt.使生气，使心烦意乱；扰乱；打翻；使(某人)感到肠胃不适 adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的
常见考法 (1)be upset by/about/at sth. 为某事心烦
be upset to do sth./that ... 对做某事感到不安
(2)What upsets sb. is that ... 让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb.to do sth./that ...
做某事让某人心烦/让某人心烦的是……
升维考法 (1)upset充当形容词时常用作表语，不能作定语。
(2)写作高级句式：What upsets sb.is that ...＝It upsets sb.to do sth./that ... 让某人心烦的是……
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①She was upset (know) that her application for the position was turned down.
②The other day, all my plans (upset) by the sudden change of the weather.
to know
were upset
?细练升维考法(句式升级)
I didn't know how to get along with my roommates and that upset me.
③I didn't know how to get along with my roommates, .(定语从句)
④ I didn't know how to get along with my roommates.(it作形式主语)
⑤ I didn't know how to get along with my roommates.(what引导主语从句)
which upset me
It upset me that
What upset me was that
3．add up to 共计，达到
常见考法 add up 合计；把……加起来
add sth.to sth. 把……加到/进……里
add to 使增强；增添(多用于抽象意义)
add that ... 补充说……
升维考法 (1)add to意为“使增强，使增加，使扩大”；add ...to ...意为“把……加到……上”，是把前一项加到后一项之后或之中。
(2)add up意为“加起来”；add up to意为“加起来达到……”，后面一般接合计起来的数目，该短语不用于被动语态。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①Please add all the figures , and you will get the total.
②As is known to all, good friends add happiness and value life.
③The women doctors and women nurses in the hospital add up 205.
?细练升维考法(同义句转换)
Three added to four makes/equals seven.
④Three and four seven.
⑤If you ,you will get seven.
up
to
to
add up to
add three to four
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构的不同形式：
(1)find＋宾语＋现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)
(2)find＋宾语＋过去分词(表示被动或完成)
(3)find＋宾语＋形容词/介词短语
(4)find＋it＋形容词＋to do (it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语)
?通过题点训练明确规则用法(单句语法填空)
①I found myself (stand) at the top of the sky, which was as clear as crystal.
②When he came to himself, he found his hands (tie) back, unable to move.
standing
tied
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③当他醒来时，发现自己在一间陌生的房间里。
When he awoke, he didn't recognize.
④当我第二天到办公室时，发现门开着。
When I got to the office the next day, .
⑤他在一个小山村被抚养长大，觉得很难适应城市生活。
Brought up in a small mountain village, he_____________________________ _________the city life.
he found himself in a room
I found the door open
found it quite difficult to adapt
himself to
2．if only “要是……多好啊！”
(1)if only句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气：①与现在事实相反，谓语用一般过去时，be动词常用were；②与过去事实相反，谓语用过去完成时；③与将来事实相反，谓语用“would/could＋动词原形”。
(2)only if相当于if，意为“只要；只有”，引导条件状语从句。only if位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①I'm so tired now.(用if only进行感叹)
→ so tired now!
②If teachers have given permission, students are allowed to enter this room.
→ to enter this room.
If only I weren't
Only if teachers have given permission are students allowed
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③米饭糊了。要是他把那些水都倒进锅里就好了！
The rice burnt. !
④要是半年后我们能一起上同一所大学该多好啊！
in half a year!
If only he had poured all the water into the pot
If only we could/would go to the same university
2022·全国乙卷·阅读七选五
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. __1__.
·More isn't always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. __2__. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
__3__. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
·__4__
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends' birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don't rely on technology alone
__5__， but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
[真题再做]
A．Remember important dates
B．Compensate by writing letters
C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个维持远距离友谊的方法。
1．选D 根据空前的“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”可知，在繁忙的日程安排中，挤出时间来打电话可能是一项挑战。由此可推断出，空处所述应与时间有关。分析选项可知，D项“尽量找个对你们双方都合适的时间(去打电话)并坚持下去”符合此处的语境。
2．选E 根据空前一句“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.”可知，要确保你已经与你的朋友沟通过你们想要多频繁地被联系，以及什么(沟通)方式对你们双方是最有效的。分析选项可知，E项“朋友们需要谈论他们更喜欢的交流方式”承接上文，且符合此处的语境。
3．选G 根据本段的小标题“Practise empathy(共情)”可知，本段主要讲述的是“践行共情”。根据空后一句“The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.”可知，G项“你可能是离开的那个朋友，也可能是那个被留下的(朋友)”与下文的语境相符且符合该段主题。
4．选A 分析文章结构和空处所在的位置可知，空处是本段的小标题。通读本段的内容可知，本段主要介绍的是，在远距离的友谊中，纪念日和生日的分量是更重的。anniversaries和birthdays对每一个人来说都是重要的日子，因此A项“记住重要的日期”最适合充当本段的小标题。
5．选F 根据空后的“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain(但远距离的友谊——即使是亲密的友谊——可能需要更加有意识的努力来维持)”可知，空处内容与后面内容之间构成转折关系。分析选项可知，F项“通过社交媒体获得联系的感觉是容易的”与上下文语境相符且符合该段主题。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
小标题的思维建模(第4题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(熟词生义)With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.__________
②(熟词生义)Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships._____
③(一词多义)．.. but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain._______
挤出时间
分量
亲密的
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①in good health _____________
②communicate with ___________
③be sensitive to __________
④be sympathetic to ___________
⑤feel abandoned __________
⑥go a long way _________
健康状况良好
与……沟通
对……敏感
对……同情
感觉被遗弃
大有帮助
⑦keep a diary _______
⑧keep track of _____
⑨seek out _____
⑩stick to _____
a sense of connectedness _______
leave behind ___________
记日记
记录
找出
坚持
联系感
留下；遗留
三、寻结构破长句
1．Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.
抓标志：被省略的连接词that；并列连词 ；连接词__________
判类型：主句＋宾语从句(其中含有两个并列的宾语从句)
试翻译：确保关于_____________________________________________
_________你已经和你的朋友沟通过了。
and
how; what
你们每个人想要联系的频率，以及什么方式对你们
都最合适
2．The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.
抓标志：关系代词_________
判类型：主句(含有一个定语从句)＋定语从句
试翻译： 朋友需要对那些 朋友所需要的额外时间保持敏感。
who; who
留下来的
已经离开的
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.
赏析：作者运用schedule(日程安排)，squeeze(挤时间)，challenge(挑战；难题)三个词准确描述了人们忙于日常事务顾不上跟朋友沟通的情形，呼应了本段主题，表达了“Set a regular date(设定一个固定的日期)”的必要性。
[对点练——单句语法填空]
①As (schedule), the Chinese Ink Painting Exhibition will take place in the school Museum from 8：30 am to 11：30 am this Saturday.
②Only by working together can we human beings fight against uncertainty and all kinds of global (challenge) like COVID-19
scheduled
challenges
2．(赏逻辑之美)Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain long-distance friendships.
赏析：文章第一段揭示文章主题，并由第一段第二句话引出下文的五点建议。文章结构清晰，逻辑紧密。
3．(赏衔接之美)It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media，but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships.
赏析：“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain”意为“但远距离的友谊——即使是亲密的友谊——可能需要更加有意识的努力来维持”。并列连词but表明前面内容与后面内容之间的转折关系。后面的even承接上文，强调了甚至亲密的友谊也需要更加有意识的努力来维持，上下文衔接紧密。
“UNIT 1 Section Ⅰ 课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看(共97张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Lesson 3～Reading Club
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．laptop n． 笔记本电脑，便携式电脑
2．app n. 应用程序
3．dorm n. 寝室，学生宿舍
4．flow n. 流动
vi. 流，流动
5．barely adv. 几乎不
6．million n. 百万
7．mate n. 朋友，伙伴
8．inch n. 英寸
9．chase vi.& vt. 努力赢得
n. 追逐，追赶
10．delay vi.& vt. 推迟，延期
11．bend vi.& vt. 弯腰；俯身
12．booze n. 酒
13．behalf n. 代表……
14．topic n. 话题，题目
15．belong vi. 应在(某处)；适应
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．socialise vi. 交友；交际；交往
2．reserved adj. 含蓄的；内敛的
3．wired adj. 联网的；极其兴奋的
4．distracted adj. 心神不定的
5．obsess vt. 使迷恋
6．dominate vi.& vt. 主宰，支配，控制
7．deadline n. 截止日期，最后期限
8．scroll vi. 上下滚动
9．intense adj. 紧张的，激烈的；剧烈的
10．chatter vi. 唠叨，喋喋不休
11．extraordinary adj. 令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的
12．alcoholic n. 酗酒者，嗜酒成瘾者
adj. (含)酒精的
13．hard-wired adj. 硬件控制的；天生的
14．clarity n. 清楚，清晰
15．principle n. 原则；行为准则
16．contrast n. 差异，差别
vt. 形成对比
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．constant adj.持续不断的→ adv.持续不断地
2．associate vt.与某人交往→ n．联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往→ adj.联合的，有关联的
3．real adj.实际的；真实的；实在的→ adv.实际上，事实上；真正地→ n．现实；真实→ vt.实现，意识到
constantly
association
associated
really
reality
realize/realise
4．stimulate v．刺激；鼓舞，激励→ n．刺激
5．desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的→ adv.拼命地；绝望地→___________ n．绝望
6．depress vt.压抑；使沮丧；使萧条→ adj.沮丧的，忧愁的→__________ adj.抑郁的；压抑的→ n．沮丧；萧条
stimulation
desperately
desperation
depressed
depressive
depression
7．rude adj.无礼的→ adv.无礼地→ n．无礼
8．complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚→ n．抱怨；诉苦
9．appoint v．任命；确定(时间、地点)→ n．约定；约会
10．invite v．邀请→ n．邀请
11．organise vt.组织，筹划→ adj.有组织的，有条理的→___________ n．组织→ n．组织者
rudely
rudeness
complaint
appointment
invitation
organised
organisation
organiser
12．innovate v．创新；改革；革新→ n．革新，创新→_________ n．改革者，创新者
13．compete v．比赛，竞争→ n．比赛，竞争→____________ n．选手，参赛者→ adj.有竞争力的
14．fluent adj.流利的，流畅的→ n．流畅，熟练→ adv.流利地，流畅地
innovation
innovator
competition
competitor
competitive
fluency
fluently
15．progress v．& n．发展，进展→ n．变化，发展→__________adj.前进的，进步的
16．engage v．参与；订婚→ n．参与；诺言， 婚约；约会
17．sincere adj.真诚的；诚挚的；真实的→ adv.真诚地，由衷地→ n．真实，诚挚
18．approve vi.& vt.赞许；同意；批准→ n．赞许；同意；批准
progression
progressive
engagement
sincerely
sincerity
approval
19．defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫→ n．保护，保卫
20．motivate vt.激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因→__________ n．动力，积极性→ adj.有动机的，有目的的；有积极性的→ adj.不积极的，不主动的
21．politics n．政治，政治活动→ adj.政治的→____________ n．政治家，从政者；投机钻营者
defense/defence
motivation
motivated
unmotivated
political
politician
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.后缀-ive形容词大观园
①depressive 抑郁的；压抑的
②impressive 使人印象深刻的
③creative 有创造力的
④constructive 建设性的
⑤expensive 昂贵的
⑥instructive 有教育意义的
2.extra-前缀词巧积累
①extraordinary adj. 令人惊奇的
②extra-curricular adj. 课外的
③extrasolar adj. 太阳系以外的
④extra-special adj. 特别优秀的
⑤extraviolet adj. 紫外线的
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 社交网络
2． 与某人交往
3． 对……担心
4． 喋喋不休
5． 代表某人
social networking
associate with
obsess over
chatter away
on behalf of sb.
6． 到目前为止，迄今为止
7． 占据
8． 是……的成员；属于
9． 和……对比
10． 表面上，乍一看
so far
take up
belong to
in contrast to
on the surface
11． 追赶，追逐
12． 拖拽某人，使某人远离
13． 放弃做某件事
chase after
drag sb.away from
go cold turkey
[联想串记]
1.无被动语态的动词短语小结
①belong to 属于
②date from/back to 追溯到
③consist of 由……组成
④come true 变成现实
⑤take place 发生
⑥break out 爆发
2.俚语荟萃
①go cold turkey 放弃做某件事
②get a kick out of 从……中得到乐趣
③walk on air 欢天喜地，得意扬扬
④(build) castles in the air 幻想，空想
⑤out of this world 好得不得了，非凡
⑥put one's best foot forward 全力以赴
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．否定词位于句首，引起部分倒装
教材原句 ...not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window.
……她一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。
推荐佳句 (2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Not once did Mother blame me for my poor performance in school.
妈妈从来没有因为我在学校的糟糕表现而责备过我。
2．what引导主语从句
教材原句 What is really worrying is that no one I know, including myself, could go cold turkey.
真正令人担心的是，我认识的每个人，包括我自己，都不能够戒掉互联网。
推荐佳句 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)What attracts me about Youth is that its contents are full of positive energy.
Youth吸引我的地方在于它的内容充满了正能量。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
情感表达之“满意”
I gave her a hopeful smile, wiping my eyes with the back of my hand. “A magical flying truck! I bet it could get there even faster than my canoe！” Inspired by her fancy, I started to tell how my flying truck would go through the sky and arrive there. Content in the sunlight, with my toes in the mud, I listened to Marie and let our imaginations run far, far away.
[点评] 本段中使用了“a hopeful smile, Inspired by her fancy, Content in the sunlight”等词块来描述人物满意的心情，生动形象。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The Yangtze River (流动) through a variety of ecosystems, and irrigates one fifth of the land of China.
2．Young people today are under (强烈的) pressure to succeed.
3．I finished the task several days ahead of the (最后期限)．
flows
intense
deadline
4．Our discussion ranged over various (话题), such as acid rain and the hole in the ozone layer.
5． (百万) of people around the world tuned in to watch the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
6．He refuses to let others speak and (主宰) every meeting.
topics
Millions
dominates
7．He did well in mathematics, but (几乎不) got through in chemistry.
8．Gill seems rather (心神不定的) at the moment — I think she's worried about her exams.
barely
distracted
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．We are (constant) on the lookout for new ideas.
2．We agreed with his acute analysis of the (politics) situation.
3．In (real), COVID-19 is continuing to spread around the world.
4．Shortly afterwards, Dawson received an (invite) to speak at a scientific conference.
constantly
political
reality
invitation
5．She became severely (depress) after her mother's death.
6．Besides, wider (engage) with participants requires very considerable resources.
7．It occurred to him that he (desperate) wanted the prize but failed.
8．There is now intense (compete) between schools to attract students.
depressed
engagement
desperately
competition
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．She doesn't want to lazy and selfish people.
2．If you make a mistake with a client, don't what you might have done wrong.
3．I am placing my mind elsewhere while you .
chatter away, associate with, take up, on behalf of, obsess over, in contrast to
associate with
obsess over
chatter away
4．I expressed my thanks to them all the members of my family.
5．I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn't want to________ too much of your time.
6．Online networks, the old social network, are open to all and easy to join.
on behalf of
take up
in contrast to
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子) there is often disagreement and debate in the family.
有趣的是，家里经常有意见分歧和争论。
2．(完成句子) public transportation in the rush hour.
避免在高峰时间乘坐公共交通工具是个好主意。
It is funny that
It is a good idea to avoid using
3．(完成句子) was that the boy tried to fool her by copying others' papers.
令老师生气的是那个男孩试图通过抄别人的论文来愚弄她。
4．She had never been so confused about her situation.(改为倒装结构)
→ so confused about her situation.
What made the teacher angry
Never had she been
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．delay vi.& vt.推迟，延期 n．推迟，延误
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①I have to delay (answer) his question, waiting for the right moment.
answering
②There is no delay in (deal) with the environmental problems.
③They should have arrived at lunchtime but .
他们本该在午饭时到达，但是他们的航班延误了。
④If necessary, I can go .
如果需要的话，我可以立即去。
dealing
their flight was delayed
without delay
系统归纳 (1)delay doing sth. 推迟/延迟做某事
delay sth.until ... 把某事推迟到……
(2)without delay 立刻
there is no delay in doing sth. 毫不迟疑地做某事
微点提醒 delay doing sth.＝postpone doing sth.＝put off doing sth.“推迟/延迟做某事”
2．complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚；投诉
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①He complained the waiter that his meal was cold.
②Dan often complains severe headaches to his neighbour, who is a doctor.
to
about/of
③She no one had been at the airport to meet her.
她抱怨没人去机场接她。
④We should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules rather than merely .
我们应该严格自觉遵守交通规则，而不是仅仅抱怨交通堵塞。
complained that
make complaints about traffic jams
系统归纳 (1)complain (to sb.) about/of sth. (向某人)抱怨/投诉某事
complain against/about sth. 抱怨某事
complain (to sb.) that ... (向某人)抱怨……
(2)complaint n. 抱怨；诉苦
make a complaint against/about 投诉……
3．motivation n．动力，积极性；动机
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①His main (motivate) for supporting the government is to save the common people.
②The project is designed to motivate students (work) harder and more efficiently.
motivation
to work
③Pupils are not interested in study.
动机不足的学生对学习不感兴趣。
系统归纳 (1)have a motivation for (doing) sth. 有做某事的动力/动机
(2)motivate vt. 激励，激发；
成为……的动机，是……的原因
motivate sb.to do sth. 激励某人做某事
who have a low level of motivation
4．take up拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用(时间、物品等)；占据(空间)
(写出下列各句中take up的含义)
①I always take up the book and read when I am in low spirits._____
②She took up the story where she had left off the night before. _____
③A good deal of my time is taken up by driving the children to school._____
拿起
继续
占用
④Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without quarrelling _____
⑤Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month. _________
接受
开始从事
系统归纳 take away 拿走；夺走
take down 写下，记下；拆卸
take in 吸收；理解，领会；欺骗；收留
take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功
take on 接纳；雇用；呈现；承担
take over 接替；接管
take it easy 别紧张，别着急，放心好了
微点提醒 take up后接名词或动词的-ing形式。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．associate vt.与某人交往；联想；联系
常见考法 (1)associate with sb. 与某人交往/共事
associate ...with ... 把……与……联系起来
(2)associated adj. 联合的，有关联的
be associated with 与……有关
(3)association n. 联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往
in association with 与……合作；与……有关联
升维考法 (1)associate作及物动词，表示“把……联系起来，联想到……”，常与with连用，与link ...with ...和relate ...with/to意义相同。
(2)be associated with表示“和……有关系/联系”，与be linked with 和be related with/to意义相同。
(3) in association with表示“和……有关系/联系”，是介词短语，与in connection with和in relation to意义相同。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①I like to associate others, so it is easy for me to do the job well.
②There are many serious health problems which (associate) with smoking.
③He always (associate) the smell of those flowers with his happy childhood.
with
are associated
associates
④Some scientists smoking with cancer, because smoking has a close with lung cancer.(associate)
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
因此，一些与跑步相关的伤害在竞走者中并不常见。
⑤As a result, some of the injuries running are uncommon among race walkers.(associated)
⑥As a result, some of the injuries running are uncommon among race walkers.(association)
associate
association
associated with
in association with
2．appointment n．约定；约会；任命，委派
常见考法 (1)make/have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约
keep/break an appointment 守/违约
(2)appoint v． 任命；确定(时间、地点)
appoint sb.to be/as sth. 任命某人为……
appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事
升维考法 (1)appointment表示“约会”时，通常用作可数名词；表示“任命；任职”时，多为不可数名词。
(2)appointed为形容词，表示“(时间)指定的，约定的”；appoint是及物动词，意为“任命；委派；约定”。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①Yesterday, Sam (appoint) as manager of the engineering department.
②I have an (appoint) with him, but I need to change it.
③I was appointed (take) charge of arranging all the activities on that day.
was appointed
appointment
to take
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
④You can put the books in the (appoint) place, and other participants can have free access to them.
⑤He was appointed as president of the university yesterday.He is giving a speech on the platform now.
→ of the university yesterday, he is giving a speech on the platform now.(过去分词短语作状语)
appointed
Appointed as president
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．否定词置于句首的部分倒装句
(1)否定副词置于句首，句子需用部分倒装结构，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词be提到主语之前。
(2)有此类用法的否定副词和含有否定意义的介词短语有：never, not, little, seldom, hardly, scarcely, nor, at no time, by no means, in no case, in no way, on no condition等。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①I will never forget the accident that happened in my own childhood, which left a deep impression on me.
→ the accident that happened in my own childhood, which left a deep impression on me.
Never will I forget
②We had hardly left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.
→ the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.
Hardly had we left the dormitory
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③我以前从未看过如此感人的电影。
________________________________________
④在任何情况下我们都不能放弃梦想；只有坚持梦想，我们才能克服各种各样的挑战。
;only if we can stick to our dreams will we be able to get over all kinds of challenges.
Never have I seen such a moving film before.
On no condition can we give up our dreams
2．what引导的主语从句
what引导的名词性从句，可表示 “……的地方，……的东西”
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①That I can't keep up with others bothers me.
→______________________________________________
②We felt very disappointed that it rained every day of the trip.
→ is that it rained every day of the
trip.
What bothers me is that I can't keep up with others.
What made us very disappointed
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③总之，夏天最吸引我的是我可以获得很多使我的生活有意义的东西。
In conclusion, I can acquire plenty of things that make my life meaningful.
④重庆人为他们在过去十年中取得的成就感到自豪。
People in Chongqing are proud of in the past ten years.
what summer attracts me most is that
what they have achieved
2020·全国卷Ⅲ·完形填空
As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, __1__ can also drive you mad. They'll come rushing in, __2__ their handbag's been stolen. They'll __3__ that they left it in the changing room, create havoc (混乱) and then __4__ it had been in their car all the time. They'll have out half the __5__ in the shop, and want the only style you don't have left in a __6__ colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep __7__.
I remember the first really __8__ customer we had at Covent Garden. She was __9__ absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather __10__that she became a “regular”. After a while, she __11__ for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat __12__， and since she'd found it too much to cope with (应对), she'd taken it out on __13__ people.
That taught me a valuable __14__ and I pass it on to the people who __15__ in the market. Don't take it __16__. If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she's had a row with her husband. Maybe her child's not __17__.” Always water it down and don't let your ego (自我) get __18__. If you do, you won't be able to __19__ it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that __20__ everyone's day.
(选用了20个空的完形，不是疏于对高考的把握，而是基于让学生多积词汇的考量)
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。商店工作人员经常会遇到难对付的顾客。作者通过自己的经历感悟到店员应该正确对待这类顾客，体谅并善待他们。
1．A.shopkeepers B．customers
C．salespersons D．receptionists
答案：B
解析：根据第一段首句中的“customers”和第二段首句中的“customer”可知答案。shopkeeper“店主”；salesperson“售货员”；receptionist“接待员”。
2．A.saying B．pretending
C．guessing D．replying
答案：A
解析：根据“their handbag's been stolen”及语境可知，顾客们冲进来，说他们的手提包被偷了。
3．A.agree B．promise
C．imagine D．swear
答案：D
解析： 根据语境可知，他们发誓他们把它留在更衣室了。swear“发誓，保证”。
4．A.forget B．decide
C．discover D．assume
答案：C
解析：上一句说顾客说他们的手提包被盗，此处表示“然后却发现它一直在车上”。assume“认为，承担，呈现”。
5．A.foods B．catalogues
C．belongings D．goods
答案：D
解析：根据空后的 shop 和语境可知，此处应选goods。catalogue“目录，一连串(糟糕)事”；belongings“财物”。
6．A.particular B．different
C．matching D．natural
答案：A
解析：顾客们只想要店里卖完的某一特定颜色的款式。different“不同的”；matching“相同的，相配的”；natural“自然的”。
7．A.fighting B．smiling
C．waiting D．changing
答案：B
解析：根据连词 but 可知，此处填入的词与前一分句中的 upset 相反，故选B。
8．A.generous B．polite
C．careless D．difficult
答案：D
解析：根据下文中的“She was ... nothing was right”可知，这个顾客很难应付。difficult“难以取悦的”，符合语境。
9．A.curious about B．displeased with
C．patient with D．uncertain about
答案：B
解析：根据下文中的“nothing was right”可知，她对一切都不满意。be displeased with“对……不满意”。
10．A.relaxed B．delighted
C．surprised D．embarrassed
答案：C
解析：根据上文可知，顾客对一切都不满意，但后来却成了常客，所以“我”对此很惊讶。
11．A.searched B．argued
C．prayed D．apologized
答案：D
解析：根据下文可知，事后她因刚开始的行为而向“我”道歉。apologize“道歉”。
12．A.by chance B．by herself
C．on purpose D．on duty
答案：B
解析：由于和丈夫分开了，所以她独自一人住在公寓。by chance“碰巧，偶然”；on purpose“故意”；on duty“值班”。
13．A.rude B．such
C．other D．lonely
答案：C
解析：因为她发现要应对很多问题，便将情绪发泄给他人。take it out on sb.“拿某人出气”。
14．A.lesson B．trick
C．skill D．trade
答案：A
解析：这件事给作者上了宝贵的一课(lesson)。
15．A.work B．shop
C．meet D．quarrel
答案：A
解析：“我”把这一经验传授给在市场工作的人们。
16．A.kindly B．secretly
C．personally D．casually
答案：C
解析：take sth.personally“认为某人的言行针对自己而不快”。
17．A.ready B．away
C．up D．well
答案：D
解析：本句与前一句构成并列关系，是使顾客不好相处的一个原因，结合选项可知，此处是说“可能她的孩子不舒服”。
18．A.out of sight B．in the way
C．behind the scene D．above the law
答案：B
解析：总是缓和语气，不要让自我妨碍你。out of sight“看不见”；behind the scene“秘密地，在幕后”；above the law“凌驾于法律之上”。
19．A.stress B．expect
C．handle D．blame
答案：C
解析：如果这样，你就会难以应对，整件事就会发展为令人不愉快的情形，同时也会毁了每个人的一天。
20．A.ruins B．makes
C．starts D．saves
答案：A
解析：参见上题解析。ruin“毁坏，毁掉”。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
行文逻辑题的思维建模(第7题)
思维建模 模型应用
第一步：顺句意 理解基本句意 我的确知道店员会有多么不高兴，但我试着说服他们保持。
第二步：找依据 根据上下文逻辑关系找依据 根据连词but可知，此处填入的词与前一分句中的upset表意相反。
第三步：会辨析 辨析选项词汇或短语的意义，做出选择 fight“战斗”，smile“微笑”， wait“等待”，change“改变”。 故选B。
续表
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(熟词生义)She was displeased with absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather surprised that she became a “regular”．_____
②(熟词生义)If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she's had a row with her husband ...” ____________
③(熟词生义)Always water it down and don't let your ego get in the way.
___________
常客
争吵，吵架
冲淡，稀释
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①care about ___________
②drive sb. mad ___________
③persuade sb.to do sth. _______________
④be displeased with _____________
⑤apologize for ___________
⑥split up with _______________________
关心，在意
把某人逼疯
说服某人做某事
对……不满意
为……道歉
与……离婚；和……分手
⑦cope with _____
⑧take sth.out on ___________
⑨pass ...on to ... ________________
⑩take ...personally _______________
get in the way ___________
develop into _____________
应对
拿……出气
把……传递给……
把……放在心上
妨碍，阻碍
发展成，变成
三、寻结构破长句
1．I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep smiling.
抓标志：并列连词 ；从属连词____
判类型：复合句(含有一个宾语从句)＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译：我的确知道 ，但我试着说服他们保持微笑。
but
how
店员会有多么不高兴
2．That taught me a valuable lesson and I pass it on to the people who work in the market.
抓标志：并列连词 ；关系代词____
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋复合句(含有一个定语从句)
试翻译：那给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给 的人。
and
who
在市场上工作
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏结构之美)They'll come rushing in, saying their handbag's been stolen.
赏析：由句子谓语will come可知，本句使用的是一般将来时态。一般将来时由“助动词shall(第一人称)或will(第二、三人称)＋动词原形”构成。
[对点练——单句语法填空]
①Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention (excite) a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.
②The meeting (hold) in September, but nobody knows the date for sure.
③Frank (see) a film if he's free next Saturday.
will excite
will be held
will see
2．(赏用词之美)Always water it down and don't let your ego get in the way.
赏析：作者用短语water it down (淡化它)，get in the way (成为阻碍)形象而具体地提出了建议。用词准确有力。
3．(赏修辞之美)They'll come rushing in, saying their handbag's been stolen.They'll swear that they left it in the changing room, create havoc and then discover it had been in their car all the time.They'll have out half the goods in the shop, and want the only style you don't have left in a particular colour.
赏析：作者使用排比的修辞手法，连续用三个They'll ...，描述了几种难对付的顾客给员工带来的各种意想不到的麻烦。生动形象，句式整齐，节奏感强，加强了语势和气氛，把这一场景描写得淋漓尽致。
4．(赏结构之美)I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep smiling.
赏析：句中把助动词do放在谓语前面，运用了“do强调句型”。此处用do来强调谓语动词know，与转折连词but后的分句形成鲜明对比，凸显了作者处理员工与顾客之间关系的方式。
[对点练——完成句子]
①I you'll stay for lunch.
我真的希望你将留下吃午饭。
②He but soon went back.
他的确来过，但很快就回去了。
③I it will develop better and become the best friend of each student.
我真的希望它能发展得更好，成为每个学生最好的朋友。
do hope
did come
do hope
④With bravery and perseverance, I rapid progress.
凭着勇气和毅力，我确实进步很快。
⑤Listening to some soft music your mood and give you a new start.
听一些轻音乐的确可以放松你的情绪，给你一个新的开始。
did make
does relax
“UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ 课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看
