(共88张PPT)
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING
Section Ⅰ Topic Talk～Lesson 2
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．tap n． 龙头；阀门
2．tissue n. 纸巾
3．ocean n. 海洋，大海
4．smog n. 雾霾
5．desert n. 沙漠
6．carbon n. 碳
7．flat n. 一套公寓房，一套住房
adj. 平坦的
8．root n. 树根
9．shoot n. 芽，苗；嫩枝
vt. 射中；射击
10．gallon n. 加仑
11．firm adj. 坚实的；稳固的
12．brick n. 砖，砖块
13．wag vi.&vt. (狗)摇(尾巴)
14．poster n. 海报
15．profit n. 盈利，利润
16．pm n. 下午
17．union n. 联合会
18．occur vi. 发生
19．slim adj. 微小的；苗条的；薄的
20．rate n. 比率，率
21．quote n. 引文，引用(的话)
22．former adj. 以前的，从前的
23．county n. 县
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．transport n． 交通运输系统，运输方式
2．recycle vi.& vt. 再利用，回收利用
3．battery n. 电池
4．just-me-ism n. 以自我为中心
5．institute n. 机构；研究院
6．chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩
7．headstone n. 墓碑
8．overcome vt. 克服(困难)；控制(感情)
9．ordinary adj. 普通的；平常的
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．globe n．地球→ adj.全球的，全世界的
2．industry n．工业→ adj.工业的
3．extinct adj.灭绝的→ n．灭绝
4．solve vt.解决→ n．解决，解决方法
5．electric adj.带电的→ adj.和电有关的→ n．电
global
industrial
extinction
solution
electrical
electricity
6．balance n．平衡→ adj.平衡的
7．bother vt.烦扰，打扰；使……不安 n．麻烦→ adj.担心的；烦恼的
8．found vt.创立，建立；创办→ n．基础；地基→_______ n．创办人，创始者
9．involve vt.参与；包含→ adj.有关的；卷入的；复杂的→___________ n．参与；牵连；包含
balanced
bothered
foundation
founder
involved
involvement
10．organise/organize v．组织→ n．组织者，安排者→ n．组织
11．content n．内容，含量；满足 v．使满足 adj.满足的，满意的；甘愿的→ adj.满意的；满足的
12．agriculture n．农业→ adj.农业的
13．propose v．建议，提议→ n．建议，提议
organiser/organizer
organisation/organization
contented
agricultural
proposal
14．region n．地区，区域→ adj.地区的，区域的
15．survive v．继续生存，幸存→ n．继续生存，幸存→_______ n．幸存者
16．determine v．决定，下决心→ n．决心；毅力→___________ adj.坚决的
17．current adj.当前的，现时的→ adv.当前，现时
regional
survival
survivor
determination
determined
currently
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.“发生”种种有变故
①occur vi. 发生
②happen v. 发生；碰巧
③arise vi. 发生；出现
④take place 发生；举行；举办
⑤come up 发生；走近
⑥come about 发生；产生
2.“烦恼”心情一扫光
①bothered adj. 担心的；烦恼的
②worried adj. 担心的
③anxious adj. 担心的；焦虑的
④upset adj. 烦躁不安的
⑤concerned adj. 担心的；忧虑的
⑥uneasy adj. 不安的；烦恼的
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 尽自己所能做某事
2． 以……结束
3． 过绿色生活
4． 与……和谐相处
5． 接近，靠近
do one's part for sth.
end with
lead a green life
in harmony with
be close to
6． 遭受；患……病
7． 懒得做某事
8． 获得；收拾；乘载
9． 有影响，有关系
10． 采取行动
11． 建立；装配；开业；竖立
suffer from
not be bothered to do sth.
pick up
make a difference
take action
set up
12． 除……之外(还有)
13． 致力于
14． 全世界
15． 深深扎根于
16． (使)某人梦想成真
17． 调整(情绪)
in addition to
be committed to
all around the world
be rooted in
make sb.'s dream come true
work through
[联想串记]
1.“v.＋with”短语相聚
①end with 以……结束
②wrestle with 努力处理，全力解决
③agree with 同意
④meet with 碰到，遇到
⑤reason with 说服，劝说
⑥arm with 用……武装
2.root短语寻根
①be rooted in 深深扎根于
②get to the root(s) of sth. 找到某事物的根源并加以解决
③pull up one's roots 迁居；改行
④put down roots 生根；定居
⑤take root 生根；深入人心
⑥root sth. up 连根拔起
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．动词不定式作状语
教材原句 To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established.
为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和社区，“根与芽”诞生了。
推荐佳句 (2022·全国乙卷)To find out the approaches to learning English beyond the classroom, we conducted a survey among students.
为了找出课外英语学习的方法，我们在学生中进行了一项调查。
续表
2．形容词短语作状语
教材原句 Alive or fallen, you served a purpose.
无论是活着还是死去，你都有一定的价值。
推荐佳句 ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Tired and thirsty, David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses. 尽管大卫又累又渴，但他坚持跑步，好像忘记了自己所有的弱点。
②(新教材外研版选择性必修3佳句)Many people spoke of them, puzzled and disturbed.
许多人谈论着，茫然困惑、惴惴不安。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
形体描写之“腿”
But my legs and arms were shaking. Every step felt like that thousands of needles were sinking into my legs. There were three blisters on each of my feet. I couldn't take it. Besides, because my bag was full, I put all my clothes on me, which made me feel very hot. Sweat was dripping down my face. It felt like I was in the Sahara!
[点评] 本段中使用了“legs and arms were shaking, sinking into my legs”等关于腿部动作的描写，形象地描绘出了人物疲劳的精神状态。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．These materials can be (再利用) into other packaging products.
2．These plants produce a number of thin (根)．
3．This is just a toy gun — it doesn't (射击) real bullets.
4．There is a middle school attached to the (机构)．
recycled
roots
shoot
institute
5．This wet ground is not (坚实的) enough to walk on.
6．He's very (担心的) about what people think of him.
7．Respect and love provide a solid (基础) for marriage.
8．An accident involving over ten vehicles has (发生) in the east-bound lane.
firm
bothered
foundation
occurred
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He cut down on coffee and junk food, and ate a (balance) diet.
2．There has been a positive reaction to the government's__________ (propose) to increase unemployment benefit.
3．There's no simple (solve) to this problem.
4．Many species of plants and animals are threatened with_________ (extinct)．
balanced
proposal
solution
extinction
5．A lot of small companies have to fight for (survive)．
6．Write a poem about how courage, (determine) and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
7．The commission is calling for a (globe) ban on whaling.
8．The government has called on to clean up (industry) emissions.
survival
determination
global
industrial
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Significant transformation can, and will, occur in a relatively short period of time if you now.
2．Either you or your brother is to Tom at the airport.
3．With better education, people will be able to build a better society _______________ nature.
in harmony with， make a difference， take action， in addition to， work through， pick up， be rooted in， set up
take action
pick up
in harmony with
4．We must the difficulties until we find an answer.
5．With Mr White taking the lead, they decided to a trading company.
6． the names on the list, there are six other applicants.
7．The country's economic troubles a series of global crises.
8．Changing schools sometimes to our life.
work through
set up
In addition to
are rooted in
makes a difference
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)If I were you, with your parents.
如果我是你的话，我就会和父母谈谈了。
2．(完成句子) ,many countries are now engaged in building ever more advanced telescopes.
为了能更加深入地观察宇宙，很多国家开始投入研发更先进的望远镜。
I would have a talk
To see even further into the universe
3．(一句多译)令我惊讶的是她取得了如此大的成就。
① she made such great achievements.(be surprised that)
② she made such great achievements.(主语从句)
③ ,she made such great achievements.(介词短语)
4．Tsinghua University was founded more than 100 years ago.(强调句型)
→ Tsinghua University was founded.
I was surprised that
What surprised me was that
To my surprise
It was more than 100 years ago that
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．solution n．解决，解决办法
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①In terms of difficulties you are worried about, I have already found some (solve)．
solutions
②With most of the problems (solve), I felt a great weight taken off my mind.
③They are seeking .
他们正在寻求解决这个城市的交通问题的方法。
solved
a solution to the city's traffic problems
系统归纳 (1)a/the solution to sth. ……的解决方法
(2)solve vt. 解决
solve a/the problem 解决/处理问题
微点提醒 表示“……的解决方法”时，solution后面常加介词to。类似用法的名词还有：attitude, approach, key, answer, access, entrance等。
2．balance n．平衡；秤；余额 vt.使平衡
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The goal of education is to help children become (balance) and rounded human beings.
②She balanced the attractions of a high salary the prospect of working long hours.
balanced
against
③When I learnt to ride a bike, I struggled to but soon I______________ and fell on my face.
当我学骑自行车的时候，我努力保持平衡，但很快失去平衡，摔趴在地上。
keep my balance
lost my balance
系统归纳 (1)keep one's balance 保持平衡
lose one's balance 失去平衡
keep a balance between A and B 在A和B之间保持平衡
balance A against B 权衡/比较A和B
(2)balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的
keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食
微点提醒 balance表示“平衡”时，常用作单数名词和不可数名词，所以其前面有时可以加不定冠词，但没有复数形式。
3．take action采取行动
(1)单句语法填空
①The photos of ski jumpers action are really amazing.
②She was looking forward to putting her ideas action.
(2)一句多译
我们必须采取行动解决我们的环境问题。
③ our environmental problems.(主动语态)
④ our environmental problems.(被动语态)
in
into
We must take action to solve
Action must be taken to solve
系统归纳 (1)take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事
(2)in action 在运转；在活动
out of action 失去作用，有故障
put/call/bring sth.into action 使……行动起来；使生效
4．work through调整(情绪)；完成；解决
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①I often work in the gym to keep in shape.
②After someone you love dies, it can take a long time to work your grief.
③He in a company before he was .
他失业前在一家公司担任顾问。
out
through
worked as a consultant
out of work
系统归纳 (1)work out 锻炼身体，做运动；解决，解答；
计算出；产生结果，发展；制订出
work on 从事……，继续……
work at 努力学习/完成……
work as 充当，担任
(2)out of work 失业
at work 在工作中
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
1．v.-ing形式和v.-ed形式作定语
(单句语法填空/句型转换)
①An (increase) number of (train) staff in this company are out of work now because of the financial crisis.
②The meeting (hold) yesterday was about how to deal with the problems (arise) from traffic jam.
increasing
trained
held
arising
③A man who lives in the village rarely sees subways.
→A man rarely sees subways.
④This is the best book that has ever been written.
→This is the best book .
living in the village
ever written
2．v.-ing形式和v.-ed形式作宾语补足语
(单句语法填空/一句多译)
①They keep the door (lock) for a long time.
②Don't have the water (run) all the time.
③With many brightly-coloured flowers (plant) around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.
locked
running
planted
④我路过时，听到他们正在用英语唱歌。
→When I passed by, I in English by them.
→When I passed by, I in English.
heard the song sung
heard them singing the song
3．v.-ing形式和v.-ed形式作状语
(单句语法填空/句型转换)
① (cooperate) with my classmates on group projects, I felt happy.
② (inspire) by their brave deeds, I will move on bravely.
Cooperating
Inspired
③ (devote) herself to teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.
④When they heard the cry, the couple rushed out of the house and were followed by their dog.
→ ,the couple rushed out of the house, .
Devoting
Hearing the cry
followed by their dog
[谨记规则]
(1)单个的现在分词和过去分词作定语，通常位于被修饰词的前面；现在分词短语和过去分词短语作定语，通常位于被修饰词的后面。现在分词和被修饰词之间是主动关系，过去分词和被修饰词之间是被动关系。
(2)现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语时，现在分词与宾语之间是主动关系，过去分词与宾语之间通常是被动关系。有些形容词化的过去分词如lost, broken等表示宾语所处的状态。
(3)现在分词作状语时，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系；过去分词作状语时，与逻辑主语之间通常是被动关系。有些形容词化的过去分词如lost, broken，excited等作状语表示逻辑主语所处的状态。
(4)有一些现在分词已经演变为形容词，尤其是一些表示感情的动词的ing形式，如：growing (日益增长的)，following (下述的，下列的)，surrounding (周围的)，boring (令人厌倦的), interesting (有趣的)等。有一些过去分词也已经演变为形容词，尤其是一些表示感情的动词的ed形式，如：lost (丢失的，迷路的), broken (破碎的)，well-known (著名的)，bored (感到厌烦的), excited (兴奋的), interested (感兴趣的)等。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．involve vt. 参与；包含
常见考法 (1)involve sb.in (doing) sth. 使某人参与(做)某事
involve doing sth. 需要做某事
(2)involved adj. 复杂的；有关联的
get/be involved in 被卷入……之中；专心于
be/get involved with sb./sth. 与某人/某事有密切联系
(3)involvement n. 参与，包含
升维考法 (1)get involved in＝take part in/participate in/join in“参与”；
(2)involved作定语时，位于被修饰词的后面，表示“有关的”；位于被修饰词的前面，表示“复杂的”。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The test will involve (answer) questions about a photograph.
②The team's continued (involve) in the competition is uncertain.
③Last Friday 150 participants from three grades the race.
上周五来自三个年级的150名参赛者参加了此次比赛。
answering
involvement
were/got involved in
?细练升维考法(同义句转换/完成句子)
④He took part in a heated argument about Double Reduction policy.
→He a heated argument about Double Reduction policy.
⑤It is the first time that I have been a volunteer, so I am now .
这是我第一次当志愿者，所以我现在正在接受所有相关的培训。
got involved in
receiving all the training involved
2．occur (occurred, occurred) vi.发生；出现；被想起
常见考法 sth.occurs to sb. 某人突然想起某事
It occurs to sb.that ... 某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事
升维考法 表示“某人突然想到(起)……”的表达：
It (suddenly) comes/came to sb.＋动词不定式/that 从句；
It (suddenly) hits/hit sb.＋动词不定式/that 从句；
It (suddenly) strikes/struck sb.＋动词不定式/that 从句
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①To our surprise, something unexpected (occur) yesterday.
②The idea that he can fly to the moon often occurs him in a dream.
③ never occurred to him that he might be falling in love with painting.
④It never seems to occur to my children (contact) me.
occurred
to
It
to contact
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
我突然意识到我一直都在关注生活中错误的而不是正确的事情。
⑤ I had been paying attention to what was going wrong with my life rather than what was right.
⑥ I had been paying attention to what was going wrong with my life rather than what was right.
⑦ I had been paying attention to what was going wrong with my life rather than what was right.
It occurred/came to me that
It struck me that
It hit me that
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．动词不定式作状语
(1)动词不定式作状语表示目的。有时为了强调目的状语，可以在不定式之前加上in order或so as，即构成in order to do sth.和so as to do sth.结构。in order to do sth.可以位于句首，so as to do sth.则不能。
(2)动词不定式作状语表示结果。一是常用于too ...to ..., enough to do结构中表示自然而然的结果；二是表示意外的结果，其前面经常加only，位于句末。
(3)动词不定式作状语表示原因。经常位于表示感情的形容词如happy, excited, pleased, surprised, curious等后面。
?通过题点训练明确规则用法(单句语法填空)
①When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there____________ (train) for a space flight.
②George returned home after school, only (find) that the door was locked and that he didn't carry the key.
③I'm pleased (hear) you're feeling better.
to be trained
to find
to hear
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
④医生通宵达旦地抢救那个受伤的人的生命。
⑤他急忙赶到售票处，却被告知所有的票都已经卖完了。
⑥他们吃惊地发现他已经离开了。
Doctors worked through the night to save the life of the injured man.
He hurried to the booking office only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out.
They were surprised to find that he'd already left.
2．形容词短语作状语
(1)形容词(短语)作状语，说明句子主语的特点或处于某种状态，可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等；
(2)形容词(短语)作状语时，可位于句首、句中或句末，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开；
(3)形容词(短语)作状语与副词作状语的区别：前者表示主语的状态；后者在句中作状语通常修饰动词或整个句子。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①We stayed up late and were anxious to finish the work.
→We stayed up late, .
②Because he was surprised, he stood there with his eyes wide open.
→ ,he stood there with his eyes wide open.
anxious to finish the work
Surprised
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③长途旅行后，他回到家，又饿又累。
④勇敢、善良、坚强，她是我们应该学习的人。
After the long journey, he arrived home, hungry and tired.
Brave, kind and strong, she is the person we should learn from.
2020·全国卷Ⅱ·阅读理解C篇
When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn't cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装) enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria (海狸鼠)．
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur — unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year，” says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there can't handle this non-native species (物种). It's destroying the environment.It's them or us，” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it's not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton's job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there's Righteous Fur and its unusual fashions. Model Paige Morgan says, “To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them — I think that's going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She's trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章以新奥尔良和布鲁克林两地的时装秀为载体，倡导人们穿海狸鼠皮做的衣服，因为海狸鼠会破坏生态环境，会对环境造成威胁。
1．What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn
A．To promote guilt-free fur.
B．To expand the fashion market.
C．To introduce a new brand.
D．To celebrate a winter holiday.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur ... It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur ... every year”可知，时装秀的意图是推销无罪恶感的毛皮衣服。
2．Why are scientists concerned about nutria
A．Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.
B．Nutria are an endangered species.
C．Nutria hurt local cat-sized animals.
D．Nutria are illegally hunted.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”以及第四段中的“The ecosystem ... It's destroying the environment.”可知，因为海狸鼠破坏湿地进而破坏了环境，所以科学家对它们很担心。
3．What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Boomed. B．Became mature.
C．Remained stable. D．Crashed.
答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades”可知，几十年来，毛皮贸易使海狸鼠(的数量)处于控制之下。根据画线词后的“the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy”可知，这种像猫一样大小的动物疯狂地繁殖。由此可推知，20世纪80年代末海狸鼠市场瘫痪了。collapse的意思应是“崩溃”。
4．What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan
A．It's formal. B．It's risky.
C．It's harmful. D．It's traditional.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“To give people a guilt-free option ... at least here in New York.”可知，在纽约，穿毛皮衣服具有风险性。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
词义猜测题的思维建模(第3题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn't cross your mind.
____________
②(熟词生义)“...It's destroying the environment. It's them or us，” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.______
③(熟词生义)He says it's not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it._______
掠过；出现
领域
环保的
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①bring back ___________
②be concerned about _____
③end up __________________
④let go into the wild ________
使……恢复
担心
最终成为；最后处于
放归野外
⑤in check _________
⑥bring in ___________
⑦throw paint on __________
⑧come around to _____________
⑨come up with ___________
受控制的
带来；引进
涂漆；反对
转变过来同意
想出；提出
三、寻结构破长句
1．The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
抓标志：并列连词 ；从属连词______
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋复合句(含一个时间状语从句)
试翻译：毛皮贸易数十年来让海狸鼠受到了控制，但 ，这种像猫一样大小的动物疯狂繁殖。
but
when
当海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代末崩溃时
2．Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton's job these days is trying to promote fur.
抓标志：并列连词___
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译： ，所以Mouton现在的部分工作就是推广海狸鼠的毛皮。
so
猎人每年带回30多万条海狸鼠尾巴
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏结构之美)Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable.
赏析：作者用“it took her a while to come around to the opinion that ...”表达“意识到使用海狸鼠毛皮在道德上是可以接受的”花了设计师Jennifer Anderson一段时间，这种思考突出了设计师的环保意识。用that引导的同位语从句叙述了她想法的具体内容。整个句子结构清晰、内容丰富。
[对点练——完成句子]
① the courage to tell her mother.
她用了整整一个月的时间才鼓起勇气告诉了母亲。
② to fully recover from the hurt
他将要多久才能完全从伤痛中恢复过来？
③It took him a long time .
他花了很长时间才接受了他的宠物狗丢失的事实。
It took her a full month to gather
How long will it take him
to accept the fact that his pet dog was missing
2.(赏用词之美)The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
赏析：本句用kept nutria in check(海狸鼠一直受到控制)，collapsed(崩溃)和multiplied like crazy(疯狂繁殖)准确描述了海狸鼠毛皮贸易崩溃之后，这种像猫一样大小的动物数量大量增加的状况。
3．(赏意境之美)When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn't cross your mind.
赏析：通过从句中使用were trying to figure out(想要弄清)，主句中使用fur probably didn't cross your mind(毛皮制品可能不会掠过你的脑海)等表达方式勾勒出在购物的时候考虑环保因素的人物形象。句子采用第二人称，更容易引起读者的共鸣。
“UNIT 8 Section Ⅰ 课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看(共72张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Lesson 3～Reading Club
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．path n． 小径，小道
2．pedal vi.&vt. 骑
n. 踏板
3．honey n. 蜂蜜
4．butter n. 黄油，牛油
5．sum vt. 概括，总结
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．therefore adv. 因此；由此
2．destination n. 目的地；终点
3．resident n. 居民
4．attitude n. 看法；态度
5．diagram n. 图解，示意图
6．percentage n. 百分比，百分率
7．disposable adj. 一次性的，用完即丢弃的
8．plastic adj. 塑料制的
9．yoghurt n. 酸奶
10．air conditioning n. 空调系统
11．landfill n. 废弃物填埋场
12．clean-burning adj. 清洁焚烧的
13．waste-to-energy adj. 以垃圾作为能源的
14．footwear n. 鞋类
15．near-surface adj. 近地表的
16．build-up n. 增长；加强
17．overflow vi.&vt. 满是，有许多；泛滥
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．park v．停车 n．公园→ n．(车辆等的)停放
2．appear vi.出现；显得；似乎→ n．表现；外表→__________ vi.消失，不见→ n．消失；不见
3．track n．行踪；足迹；轨道；小径，小道 v．跟踪；留下足迹→_________n．跟踪
parking
appearance
disappear
disappearance
tracking
4．official n．官员，高级职员 adj.公务的；官方的→ adv.官方地，正式地
5．package n．包裹，包；软件包 v．包装，打包→ n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料
6．contain v．容纳，包含；抑制→ n．容器
officially
packaging
container
7．major adj.主要的；重要的 n．主修科目 vi.主修，专攻→__________ n．大多数
8．indicate vt.表明；显示→ n．暗示，表明
9．annual adj.每年的，一年一次的→ adv.每年；一年一度地
10．pollute vt.使污染→ n．污染→ n．污染物
11．flood n．洪水 v．淹没，泛滥→ n．水灾，洪水泛滥
majority
indication
annually
pollution
pollutant
flooding
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.-ity后缀词巧集结
①majority n． 大多数
②minority n. 少数
③reality n. 现实，真实
④popularity n. 通俗，平易，流行
⑤equality n. 平等，均等
⑥similarity n. 相似
2.“道路”条条皆通达
①path n． 小径，小道
②track n. 小径，小道
③trail n. 小道，小径，小路
④road n. 道路
⑤street n. 街道
⑥motorway n. 高速公路
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 想出，想到
2． 大量；许多
3． 因为；由于
4． 左右；大约只不过在……之内
5． 提出，提交；放入
come up with
plenty of
because of
in a matter of
put in
6． 由于，幸亏
7． 参加
8． 削减，缩减
9． 总之
10． 注意
thanks to
take part (in)
cut back on
to sum up
pay attention to
11． 引起；导致；通向，通往
12． 为……树立榜样
13． 充分利用
lead to
set an example for
make the best of
[联想串记]
1.“动词＋名词＋介词”短语扫描
①pay attention to 注意
②show respect for 对……表示尊重
③catch sight of 看到，瞥见
④get hold of 把握，抓住
⑤keep pace with 跟上，保持同步
⑥make fun of 嘲笑，嘲弄
2.best 短语尽览
①make the best of 充分利用
②at best 至多，充其量
③at one's best 处于最佳状态
④at the best of times 在最好的时候
⑤do/try one's best 尽力
⑥be on one's best behaviour 竭力循规蹈矩
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．so that引导目的状语从句
教材原句 People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that someone else could then take it and use it from there.
人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能继续使用。
推荐佳句 ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) I am wondering whether it is convenient for you.If not, please let me know so that we can make adjustments accordingly to suit your schedule.
我想知道您是否方便。如果不方便，请告诉我，以便我们做相应的调整，以适应您的日程安排。
②(新教材人教版必修1佳句) I'll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year.
我会找到一个让自己提高球技的方法，这样明年我就能加入球队了。
续表
2．when it comes to “当谈到……”
教材原句 In Europe, Sweden is setting a great example when it comes to recycling.
在欧洲，谈到回收，瑞典在这方面树立了一个很好的榜样。
推荐佳句 ①(2022·全国甲卷) When it comes to oceans, we can‘t help thinking of the large mass of water resources and a wide range of food they provide.
说到海洋，我们不禁想到它们提供的大量水资源和各种食物。
②(新教材外研版必修2佳句)I use my photography to make an impact on people, especially when it comes to environmental issues.
我通过照片影响他人，尤其是涉及环境问题的时候。
续表
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
形体描写之“脚”
Weak as she was, she struggled to her feet, continuing searching for assistance. To her great joy, a helicopter was flying overhead again and again. Eager and excited, she waved her yellow blouse and spared no effort to yell so as to attract others' attention. Fortunately, she was eventually noticed and brought into the helicopter. There, she saw her husband, staring at her, wearing an expression of relief.
[点评] 本段中使用了“struggled to her feet”关于脚的词块，形象地描写出人物虚弱且疲惫的状态。与foot有关的词块还有：set out on foot “步行出发”，rise to your feet “站起来”等。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It rained and (因此) the football match was postponed.
2．I saw them making their way, hand in hand, down the (小径)．
3．I bought a (塑料制的) raincoat in this store on a rainy day.
4． (跟踪) skills will of course enable wolves to get close enough to live animals for food.
therefore
path
plastic
Tracking
5．Our luggage was checked all the way through to our final__________ (目的地)．
6．He has a very good (态度) to work so he is happy and productive.
7．The local (居民) are angry at the lack of parking spaces.
8．The kind girl has a heart (满是) with love.
destination
attitude
residents
overflowing
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He was fined for illegal (park) yesterday.
2．The jazz festival is held (annual) in July.
3．Radar is used for (track) planes and ships.
4．We are looking for a girl who mysteriously (appear) while on a picnic in the mountain two days ago.
parking
annually
tracking
disappeared
5．We already know who's got the job but we haven't yet been informed__________ (official)．
6．The (major) of local people get benefit from the medical reform.
7．As (indicate) above, high school students were involved in an average of eight after-class activities.
8．Sulphur dioxide (二氧化硫) is one of several (pollute) that are released into the atmosphere by coal-fired power stations.
officially
majority
indicated
pollutants
Ⅲ.选词填空
1． ,we've got to pay more attention to cost control.
2．My brother and I will the school sports meet to be held next Sunday.
take part in， lead to， cut back on， pay attention to， to sum up， come up with
To sum up
take part in
3．We have to our shopping from now on because we are short of money.
4．Whoever can the answer to the question in a few minutes is allowed to leave.
5．We are often told to what our mothers tell us.
6．Studies show that too much multitasking can increased stress, anxiety and memory loss.
cut back on
come up with
pay attention to
lead to
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子) ,you need to give all you have and try your best.(不定式作状语)
要想成为赢家，你要付出所有并竭尽全力。
2．(完成句子) getting things done, he's useless.(come)
一涉及做事，他便不中用了。
To be a winner
When it comes to
3．(完成句子) ,everything would be all right.(虚拟语气)
要是我哥哥在这里的话，一切就都没问题了。
4．(一句多译)他努力训练，以便能赢得比赛。
①He trains very hard .(so that)
②He trains very hard .(in order that)
③He trains very hard .(in order to)
If my brother were here
so that he can win the match
in order that he can win the match
in order to win the match
5．He stood at the door and fixed his eyes on the mobile phone in his hand.
→He stood at the door, .(现在分词短语作状语)
→He stood at the door, .
(with的复合结构)
fixing his eyes on the mobile phone in his hand
with his eyes fixed on the mobile phone in his hand
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．attitude n．看法；态度
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①In the meanwhile, she reminds me to keep a positive attitude___________ life.
to/towards
②The government so far.
到目前为止政府对这个问题采取了积极的态度。
③The experience frustration.
这次经历改变了他对挫折的态度。
has taken a positive attitude to/towards this problem
changed his attitude to/towards
系统归纳 an attitude to/towards ... 对……的态度
(to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语)
have/take/adopt an attitude to/towards ...
对……持某种态度
change one's attitude to/towards ...
改变某人对……的态度
an attitude of mind 心态问题
2．majority n．大多数
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
①The survey indicates that supporters of the plan are still in the_______ (major)．
② are in favour of banning smoking.
大多数人赞成禁止吸烟。
majority
The/A majority of people
(2)一句多译
在大学她主修物理。
③She physics when she was at university.
④ physics when she was at university.
⑤She was when she was at university.
majored in
Her major was
a physics major
系统归纳 (1)a/the majority of ... 大多数……
be in the/a majority 占大部分/大多数
(2)in the/a minority 占少数
(3)major n. 专业；某专业的学生
v. 主修
adj. 主要的；大部分的；较多的
major in 主修……；以……为专业
微点提醒 major作为形容词，表示“主要的；较多的”，其反义词是minor，表示“较少的；较小的”。majority的反义词是minority。
3．come up with想出；提出；赶上
(1)单句语法填空
①I came an old diary in her desk when I cleaned her house.
②No doubt the truth will come one day.
(2)选词填空(come up/come up with)
③We've been asked to some new ideas about how to learn English.The subject is bound to at the next class meeting.
across
out
come up with
come up
系统归纳 come up 被提出；走近；上来；发芽
come about 发生
come out 出版；出来；出现；结果是
come across (偶然)遇见；发现；被理解
when it comes to ... 当谈到……时
微点提醒 come up with意为“想出；提出”，主语是人；come up意为“被提出”，主语是想法、问题等表示事物的词，不用于被动语态。
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
既是动词又是名词的单词
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①We've the bedroom blue but my son thinks it will look better with green .(paint)
②The old hospital isn't at present.In other words, it is not in___ now.(use)
painted
paint
used
use
③I've always her advice, because it is of great to me.(value)
④ spread through the crowd as the bullets started to fly.Some people were into leaving the scene.(panic)
⑤Every day, I .
每天我把钥匙放在同一个地方。
valued
value
Panic
panicked
place the keys at the same place
[谨记规则]
(1)一些单词既是动词又是名词，有时它们的发音没有变化，但有时动词和名词发音不同，尤其是重读音节不同。如increase / n'kri s/ v．→/' nkri s/ n．；record /r 'k d/ v．→/'rek d/ n．；export / k'sp t/ v．→/'eksp t/ n．；import / m'p t/ v．→/' mp t/ n．等。
(2)一些单词既是动词又是名词，意思相同或相近，但有些意思不同。如place v．放置 n．地方；value v．珍惜 n．价值；eye v．目视 n．眼睛；spot v．发现 n．地点，斑点等。
(3)要根据句意和词性判断它们在不同语境中的意思和用法。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
take part in参加
常见考法 take part 参加(无宾语，不用in)
take an active part in 积极参加
play a part in 在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色
play an important part in 在……中起重要作用；
在……中扮演重要角色
升维考法 (1)take part in中part前面没有冠词，但当part前有形容词修饰时，形容词前要用不定冠词，如take an active part in。另外，take part in＝join in＝participate in。
(2)经常考查play a part in的变形。如：The part he played in the game was important.
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①But Sarah, who has taken part shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
②China is playing important part in international affairs.
in
an
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
③It goes without saying that taking active part in social activities can broaden our horizons.
④ was important.
我们在这次活动中起到的作用很重要。
⑤I often all kinds of after-school activities.
我常常参加各种各样的课外活动。
an
The part that we played in the activity
take part in/join in/participate in
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．so that引导目的状语从句
(1)so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便……”，从句中通常用may (might)或can (could)等情态动词，可与in order that互换。当主句主语和从句主语一致时，可以转换成so as to do sth.或in order to do sth.的形式。
(2)so that也可引导结果状语从句，意为“所以”，有时可以转换成so ...that ...句型。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①He borrowed some money in order to buy a house in the city.
→He borrowed some money .
②He worked so hard that he passed the exam.
→He worked so hard .
so that he could buy a house in the city
as to pass the exam
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③请告诉我你确切的到达时间，以便我去机场接你。
④他昨天晚上熬夜了，所以今天早晨起床晚了。
Please tell me the exact time of your arrival so that I can pick you up at the airport.
He stayed up last night so that he got up late this morning.
2．when it comes to“当谈到……”
when it comes to ...是固定句式，意为“当涉及……，当谈到……，只要是关于……”，其中to是介词，后接名词、代词或v. ing形式。
?通过题点训练明确规则用法(单句语法填空)
①Transport has a lot to answer for when it comes to (harm) the planet.
② it comes to classical music, we first think of Beethoven or Mozart.
harming
When
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③当提到郊游时，一些学生变得兴奋起来。
④我在计算机方面算是出类拔萃的。
When it comes to going outing, some students get excited.
I'm the best when it comes to computers.
2020·浙江1月高考·阅读理解B篇
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is road testing a new way to keep winter roads ice-free — by spreading on them cheese brine, the salty liquid used to make soft cheeses, like mozzarella.
Wisconsin, also called “America's Dairyland”， is famous for its cheese. The state produced 2.8 billion pounds of cheese last year! As a result, there was a lot of leftover cheese brine. Disposing of (处置) the brine can be expensive. So what should cheese makers do with the waste
Normally, towns use rock salt to de-ice streets. The salt lowers water's freezing point, causing ice to melt (融化). But using cheese brine could help both cheese producers and cities save money, while keeping roads safe. Cheese brine has salt in it, which, like the rock salt, helps lower water's freezing point.
In addition to saving money, cheese brine could also be a more eco-friendly option. Many people suspect that all the rock salt used every winter is harming the environment.
Rock salt is made of sodium chloride, the same compound (化合物) in ordinary table salt. Sounds harmless, right But while you probably add only a small amount of salt to your food, road crews spread about 20 million tons of salt on U．S. roads every year!
The chemical washes off roads and goes into the ground. There it can pollute drinking water, harm plants, and eat away soil. By spreading cheese brine on streets before adding a layer of rock salt, Milwaukee may be able to cut its rock salt use by 30 percent.
Cheese brine has a downside too — a smell similar to that of bad milk. “I don't really mind it，” Emil Norby told Modern Farmer magazine. He works for one of Wisconsin's county highway commissions and came up with the idea of using cheese brine. “Our roads smell like Wisconsin！” he said.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国威斯康星州的密尔沃基市用剩余的奶酪盐水为道路除冰，并通过与传统的岩盐除冰的对比，阐述了奶酪盐水除冰这种新方法的利与弊。
1．Why can cheese brine help keep winter roads ice-free
A．It is soft. B．It contains salt.
C．It is warm. D．It has milk in it.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“cheese brine, the salty liquid used to make soft cheeses”和第三段的“Cheese brine has salt in it, which，like the rock salt, helps lower water's freezing point.”可知，因为奶酪盐水含有盐，所以可以被用来除冰。
2．What is a benefit of using cheese brine on roads
A．Improving air quality.
B．Increasing sales of rock salt.
C．Reducing water pollution.
D．Saving the cheese industry.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“cheese brine could also be a more eco-friendly option”和第六段的“There it can pollute drinking water，harm plants, and eat away soil.”可推断，利用奶酪盐水来除冰更加环保，比用其他化学制品更能够减少对水的污染。
3．Milwaukee's new way to de-ice streets may be an example of .
A．barking up the wrong tree
B．putting the cart before the horse
C．robbing Peter to pay Paul
D．killing two birds with one stone
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“But using cheese brine ...keeping roads safe.”和第四段的“In addition to saving money, cheese brine could also be a more eco-friendly option.”可知，利用奶酪盐水来除冰是一举两得的事情，既能够省钱，做到废物再利用，同时又能够比其他化学制品更加环保。killing two birds with one stone“一石二鸟”。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模(第2题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)The salt lowers water's freezing point, causing ice to melt.____
②(熟词生义)By spreading cheese brine on streets before adding a layer of rock salt, Milwaukee may be able to cut its rock salt use by 30 percent.
_____
③(一词多义)“Our roads smell like Wisconsin！” he said._______
降低
削减
闻起来
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①keep winter roads ice-free ___________________
②be famous for _____________
③dispose of _____
④freezing point _____
⑤a more eco-friendly option _________________
保持冬季道路不结冰
因……而出名
处理
冰点
一个更环保的选择
⑥be made of ___________
⑦add ... to ... ______________
⑧wash off _____
⑨eat away _____
⑩a layer of _____
come up with _____
由……制成
添加……到……
冲洗
侵蚀
一层
提出
三、寻结构破长句
1．Cheese brine has salt in it, which, like the rock salt, helps lower water's freezing point.
抓标志：关系代词_______
判类型：主句＋定语从句(含插入成分 like the rock salt)
试翻译：奶酪盐水中含有盐，像岩盐一样， 。
which
这种盐有助于降低水的冰点
2．Many people suspect that all the rock salt used every winter is harming the environment.
抓标志：连接词_____
判类型：主句＋宾语从句(含有过去分词短语作定语)
试翻译：许多人怀疑 。
that
每年冬天使用的岩盐都在危害环境
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)There it can pollute drinking water, harm plants, and eat away soil.
赏析：作者用pollute(污染)，harm(伤害)，eat away(侵蚀)全面、准确地描述了使用岩盐给环境带来的影响。
[对点练——单句语法填空]
①With exhaust emissions growing fast and the environment severely___________ (pollute), rubbish classification is the most effective solution to the problem.
②(2021·全国乙卷)Staring at the screen is (harm) to our eyes.
polluted
harmful
2．(赏修辞之美)Our roads smell like Wisconsin!
赏析：句中作者把路上闻到的味道说成像威斯康星州(Wisconsin)，借用与这种奶酪味道密切相关的Wisconsin来代替路上闻到的味道。这种借喻的修辞手法，突出事物的本质特征，增强语言的形象性，文笔简洁精练，语言富于变化和幽默感。
“UNIT 8 Section Ⅱ 课时作业”
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谢
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