(共105张PPT)
UNIT 9 HUMAN BIOLOGY
Section Ⅰ Topic Talk～Lesson 2
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．doping n． 使用违禁药物
2．clone vt. 克隆，使无性繁殖
n. 克隆动物或植物，无性繁殖的个体
3．gene n. 基因
4．twin n. 双胞胎中的一个
5．camel n. 骆驼
6．cattle n. 牛
7．goat n. 山羊
8．forever adv. 永远；长久地
9．ape n. 猿
10．clue n. 线索，提示
11．bound adj. 很有可能，肯定会
12．abuse vt. 滥用，妄用；虐待
n. 滥用；虐待
13．blessing n. 福气，幸运
14．curse n. 祸因，祸根；诅咒，咒语
15．atom n. 原子
16．zone n. 地区，地带
17．intake n. 摄入量，摄取量
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．biology n. 生物学
2．marathon n. 马拉松赛跑
3．athletics n. 田径运动会
4．vaccine n. 疫苗
5．resilience n. 恢复力，复原力，适应力
6．artificially adv. 人为地，虚假地
7．barrier n. 障碍，壁垒
8．identical adj. 完全相同的，非常相似的
9．mammal n. 哺乳动物
10．primate n. 灵长目动物
11．reproductive adj. 繁殖的，生殖的
12．provoke vt. 激起，引起
13．crucial adj. 至关重要的，关键性的
14．ethical adj. 关于伦理的；合乎道德的
15．inferior adj. 低级别的，下级的；差的，次的
16．contain vt. 包含，容纳，装盛
17．impulse n. (神经)冲动，(电)脉冲
18．crossword n. 纵横字谜，纵横填字游戏
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．capable adj.有能力的；有才干的；容许……的→__________ n．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能
2．just adj.公正的；正义的→__________vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护→________ n．司法，法律制裁；正义
3．infer vt.推断，推定→____________ n．推理；推论；推断
capability
justify
justice
inference
4．calculate vt.计算，核算→___________ n．计算；估计→___________ n．计算器；计算者
5．physics n．物理学；物理现象→__________ n．物理学家→_________ adj.身体的；物质的；物理学的
6．innovate vi.& vt.革新，创新，改革→______________ n. 改革，创新→____________ n．改革者；创新者
calculation
calculator
physicist
physical
innovation
innovator
7．better adj.较好的；能力更强的 adv.更好地 v．胜过；上进→
___________ n．(个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高
8．participate vi.参与，参加；分享→______________ n．参与；分享→______________ n．参加者，参与者
9．edit vi.& vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→_______ n．主编，编辑；记者
10．compare v．比较，对比；与……类似，将……比作→______________ n．比较
betterment
participation
participant
editor
comparison
11．whole adj.全部的，整体的→_________ adv.完全地
12．accurate adj.准确的，正确的→__________ n．精确度，准确度→___________ adv.精确地
13．treat vt.治疗；对待；视为 n．请客；款待→___________ n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式
14．emotion n．强烈的情感，激情→___________ adj. 情绪的；易激动的；感动人的→___________ adv. 感情上；情绪上；令人激动地；情绪冲动地
wholly
accuracy
accurately
treatment
emotional
emotionally
15．mere adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的→_________ adv.仅仅，只不过；只是
16．nerve n．神经；焦虑，恐惧，紧张→________adj.神经紧张的；神经质的；神经的
17．organ n．器官→_________ adj.有机的；器官的
18．locate vi.& vt.找出……的准确位置→___________ n．位置；地点；外景拍摄场地
merely
nervous
organic
location
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.动词与形容词融一身
①better adj. 较好的；能力更强的
v. 胜过；上进
②clean adj. 清洁的，干净的
vt. 弄干净，擦干净
③complete adj. 完成的
vt. 完成，结束
④correct adj. 正确的，对的；恰当的
v. 改正；纠正
⑤equal adj. 平等的
vt. 等于，使等于
2.“动词短语变名词”知多少
①take in吸收→intake 摄入量，摄取量
②break out 爆发→outbreak 爆发
③come out 出现→outcome 结果
④break through 突围，突破→breakthrough 重大进展；突破
二、背词块—丰富表达
1．__________ 准备活动；热身；变暖和
2．_________________ 做关于……研究/调查
3．____________ 独立地；独自地；主动地
4．____________ 超过；不止；不仅仅是
5．___________________ 与……比较
warm up
do research into
more than
in comparison with
6．_____________ 照顾
7．____________ 大量的
8．_______ 导致
9．____________ 大量的
10．______________ ……的数量
take care of
a number of
lead to
a great deal of
the number of
11．____________ 注定
12．____________ 依靠
13．___________ 由……组成
14．___________ 与……有关
be bound to
depend on
consist of
be related to
15．__________________ 对……负责；
是……的原因
16．__________ 转向；变成；求助于；
致力于；开始行动
17．____________ 处在最佳状态
be responsible for
turn to
at one's best
[联想串记]
1.“be＋v.-ed＋to”短语荟萃
①be related to 与……有关
②be accustomed to 习惯于
③be devoted to 致力于
④be opposed to 反对，对抗
⑤be addicted to 沉溺于
⑥be admitted to 被接纳，被录取
2.“指望，依靠”短语集合
①depend on ②count on
③rely on ④figure on
3.与than有关的短语积累
①more than 超过；不止
②no more than 仅仅；只不过
③not more than 至多；不超过
④other than 除了
⑤rather than 不愿；而不是
⑥more ...than ... 比……更……
⑦less than 少于
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构
教材原句 The successful cloning of primates has led to worldwide praise as a huge breakthrough that might lead to cures for various diseases and may also offer clues on how to prevent the aging process.
灵长类动物的成功克隆获得了全世界的赞誉，被认为是一项巨大的突破，从而为治愈多种疾病、延缓衰老提供线索。
推荐佳句 (新教材人教版必修2佳句) She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet.
她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部，教年长一些的人们如何使用电脑和互联网。
续表
2.whether ...or ...无论……还是……
教材原句 How it is used, whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind, depends on mankind and not on the instrument.
怎样使用它，究竟是给人类带来幸福还是带来灾难，完全取决于人类自己，而不取决于工具。
推荐佳句 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)At the scheduled time, whether you come to our event or not, please call us in advance.
在预定的时间，无论您是否来参加我们的活动，请提前致电我们。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
场景渲染之比赛场景
Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead. They moved away quickly, and Ali felt like giving up. However, all of a sudden, a voice echoed in his mind. “You promised to win a pair of new shoes for Zahra.” He struggled to his feet, gritted his teeth and gathered all his strength to dash forward. Determined to carry out his promise, he ignored the pain from his bleeding ankles and ran as fast as his legs could carry him. One by one he caught up with the runners in front of him. Eventually, he finished third and lived his promise.
[点评] 本段中使用了“echoed, struggled, gritted, gathered, determined, ignored, ran as fast as, caught up with”等词汇形象地刻画了Ali在比赛时由犹豫不决到下定决心的心理斗争过程以及坚持到最后，完成比赛的画面。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Your education is ________ (很有可能) to shape your world view.
2．Not all doctors truly understand the _____________ (生殖的) cycle.
3．It's only a ____________(纵横字谜) puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary.
4．Making right career choices is ________(至关重要的) to personal success.
bound
reproductive
crossword
crucial
5．We can use genetic engineering techniques to isolate the _______(基因) that is responsible.
6．Stephen Hawking will be respected and remembered _________(永远) by the public although he left the world.
7．I want to go to medical school, so I'll probably end up majoring in __________(生物学)．
gene
forever
biology
8．Conventional wisdom is a major __________(障碍) to innovation that threatens the survival of companies everywhere.
9．But he did not describe any policy or future plan _________(完全的) or in detail.
10．Katherine studied their faces, but they gave away no any ______(线索) as to the results.
barrier
wholly
clue
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．His research is for the ___________ (better) of mankind.
2．This is the ___________ (identity) room we stayed in last year.
3．He has been an active ___________ (participate) in the discussion.
4．Certain city areas have been singled out for special ___________(treat)．
betterment
identical
participant
treatment
5．The test can ___________(accurate) predict what a bigger explosion would do.
6．Animals in the zoo have lost the ___________(capable) to catch food for themselves.
7．We must promote originality, inspire creativity and encourage ___________ (innovate)．
accurately
capability
innovation
8．It is difficult to make a _____________(compare) with her previous book — they are completely different.
9．They agreed to go _________ (mere) because they were getting paid for it.
10．Mothers are often the ones who provide ___________(emotion) support for the family.
comparison
merely
emotional
Ⅲ.选词填空
more than， do research into， take care of， consist of， turn to， a number of， as well， warm up
1．The human skeleton ___________ 206 bones.
2．You must __________ before you play football.
3．In times of crisis I know which friends I can ________.
4．It is significant to _________________ AIDS.
consists of
warm up
turn to
do research into
5．_____________ roads have been blocked by fallen trees.
6．___________ 600,000 people were displaced by the tsunami.
7．Don't worry yourself about me; I can ____________ myself.
8．You can have a burger, but you can't have fries _______.
A number of
More than
take care of
as well
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)________________________________, you have to finish it.
无论你喜欢还是不喜欢这份工作，你都必须完成它。
2．(完成句子)___________________________, it leaves him with a feeling of completeness.
虽然会议时间不长，但给他留下了一种完整的感觉。
Whether you like or dislike the job
While the meeting is not long
3．(完成句子)We thought you were such a good person _________________
________________________.
我们觉得你是一个好人，我们可以期待你做出好的决定。
4．(一句多译)那个男孩毫不费力地举起了这块大石头，这使我很吃惊。
①_____________________________________________________ (定语从句)
②____________________________________________________________
_________.(主语从句和表语从句)
5．He showed me how I can start the online tour.(疑问词＋to do)
→He showed me ____________________________.
from whom we
could expect good decisions
The boy lifted the big rock without effort, which astonished me.
how to start the online tour
What made me astonished was that the boy lifted the big rock without effort
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．contain vt.包含，容纳，装盛；容忍；克制(强烈的感情等)
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①You should cut down the amount of foods ___________(contain) too much sugar and fat, which make you put on weight easily.
containing
②When he was criticized by the boss, he was so angry that he couldn't
________________.
当他被老板批评时，他气得控制不住自己。
③The container________ many kinds of fruits, _________pineapples/pineapples
_________.
这个容器里盛放着许多种水果，其中包括菠萝。
contain himself
contains
including
included
系统归纳 (1)contain one's anger/feelings 克制自己的愤怒/感情
contain oneself 克制自己；自制
(2)sth.included＝including sth. 包括某物
(3)container n. 容器；集装箱；货柜
微点提醒 ①contain表示所含之物的全部或一部分，侧重于所含有的数量或成分，既可指具体有形的东西，也可指无形的东西；
②include侧重指范围，其主语和宾语属于同类，是整体和部分的关系；常使用“including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included”结构。
2．accurate adj.准确的，正确的
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①There is a need to check the ___________ (accurate) of these figures.
②You need to hit the ball ____________ (accurate)．
③_______________, 205 reporters attended the meeting.
精确地说，有205名记者参加了这次会议。
④We hope to become _____________________ predicting the earthquakes.
我们希望在预测地震方面更精确。
accuracy
accurately
To be accurate
more accurate in/at
系统归纳 (1)be accurate in/at 在……方面准确
to be accurate 精确地说(用作插入语)
(2)accurately adv. 精确地，准确地
(3)accuracy n. 精确，准确
3.turn to求助于；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向；从事于(to为介词)
(介、副词填空/完成句子)
①I managed to turn _______ and ran into the hotel kitchen.
②The question is whether that man will turn ____ on time.
③It's freezing in this house.Can't I turn ____ the heating
away
up
on
④How could you turn _______such a good job when you have been out of work for months
⑤If chosen, Mr Brown, who is rich in experience, will turn _____ to be an excellent manager.
⑥How I wish I had had someone to _________________when I was puzzled.
我多么希望在我困惑的时候有个我能向其寻求建议的人。
down
out
turn to for advice
系统 归纳 turn down 关小；拒绝
turn away 转过身去；拒绝
turn out 生产；结果是
turn in 上交
turn up 出现；到场
turn on/off 打开/关闭
微点 提醒 turn to中的to为介词，其后跟名词、动名词等。
4．on one's own 独立地；独自地；主动地
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①I have got problems _____ my own.
②When a child is studying abroad, he must learn to adapt to living __his own.
③You needn't help him.He can dress himself ____________.
你不必帮助他。他可以自己穿衣服。
④Tired of working for his boss, he decided to found a company ____________.
厌倦了为老板工作，他决定成立一家自己的公司。
of
on
on his own
of his own
系统 归纳 of one's own 属于某人自己
微点 提醒 (1)①on one's own表示“独立地，独自地”，一般用作状语和表语；
②of one's own表示“属于某人自己”，一般用作定语。
(2)by oneself＝on one's own“独立地”。
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
1．现在完成时
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Jack and Tom together with Mike _______________(study) hard recently.
②The past ten years _______________(witness) a boom in economy in my hometown.
③We sometimes have accidents at this time, but no accidents ____________
(occur) since last winter.
have studied
have witnessed
have occurred
④This is the first time that ___________________________.
这是他第一次见到自己的名字被刊印出来。
⑤_________________________________, and I'll try to finish it at the weekend.
这本英文小说我已经读完了一半，并且我将尽力在周末把它看完。
⑥China ________________________in science and technology in the past four decades.
在过去的四十年里，中国在科技方面取得了巨大进步。
he has seen his name in print
I have read half of the English novel
has made great advances
2．过去完成时
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①By the time he was a teenager, he __________(win) a reputation as a wonderful young musician.
②He ____________(intend) to help me, but he was ill.
③Some of my friends who ___________ (be) there before said it was a wonderful holiday destination.
④She hardly ____________(begin) to speak when there was a shout from the hall.
had won
had intended
had been
had begun
⑤This was the fifth time that ____________________________________.
这是玛丽第五次犯这么简单的错误。
⑥She ____________ for a week before he came back.
在他回来之前，她已经病了一个星期了。
⑦By the time Jack returned home from England, his son ________________
_______________.
杰克从英国回到家时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。
Mary had made such a simple mistake
had been ill
had graduated
from college
3．将来完成时
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①You needn't hurry her.She ________________(finish) it by the time you are ready.
②China _________________(reduce) the carbon dioxide emissions a lot by 2030.
③It is reported that by the end of this month, the output of plastic in the factory _______________ (rise) by about 10%.
will have finished
will have reduced
will have risen
④On her next birthday, Ann ________________________for 20 years.
到下一个生日的时候，安结婚有二十年了。
⑤By the time the traffic clears, we _______________________.
等交通畅通时，我们的汽油就用完了。
will have been married
will have run out of gas
[谨记规则]
(1)现在完成时
①现在完成时常与for, since引导的状语连用，也可以与介词短语连用，如during/in/over the last (past) few years (months, weeks ...), in recent years, so far, up to now等。
②下列句型中常用现在完成时：
It has been＋一段时间＋since从句；
This (That/It) is the first (second ...) time that＋现在完成时；
This (That/It) is the best/finest/most interesting ...＋that＋现在完成时。
(2)常用过去完成时的几种情况：
①句中含有by, by the end of, by the time, until, before, since等后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句。
②表示未曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等，常用had hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected等或用上述动词的过去式接不定式的完成式，即hoped/planned ...＋to have done。
③在hardly/scarcely ...when ...，no sooner ...than ...句式中，主句常用过去完成时，表示“一……就……”。当hardly, scarcely, no sooner置于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。
(3)将来完成时表示到将来某一时间，某一动作将会完成。常用的时间状语为“by＋将来的某个时间”。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．treatment n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式
常见考法 (1)under treatment 在治疗中
(2)treat vt. 治疗；对待；探讨；视为
vi. 探讨；请客；协商
n. 请客；款待
treat oneself well 善待自己
常见考法 treat ...as ... 把……看作……；把……视为……
treat sb.to sth. 用某物招待某人
treat ...with ... 以……态度对待/用……治疗……
be one's treat 某人请客
升维考法 ①treat指治疗病人的全过程或活动，不涉及“治愈”这个结果。常用于“treat one's＋疾病”或“treat sb.for＋疾病”；
②cure“治疗，治愈”，多用于药物治疗，治愈某种疾病(侧重结果)或改正不良习惯。常用于“cure sb.of sth.”。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①My parents often treat me ____ a baby, which I can't bear.
②The earlier the __________(treat) is given, the better it is for the patient.
③Young people should always treat the elders _______ respect.
as
treatment
with
④Satisfied with his final score, he decided to __________________________.
他对自己的最终分数很满意，决定吃顿大餐来犒劳自己。
⑤Let's go out for lunch after work. _______________.
下班后咱们到外面去吃午餐吧。我请客。
treat himself to a big dinner
It's my treat
?细练升维考法(对比填空：treat, cure/介词填空)
⑥The doctors spent a month _________her, and at last she was _________.
⑦The boy was treated _____ a minor head wound.
⑧Tu Youyou succeeded in developing artemisinin to cure those patients ____ malaria across the globe.
treating
cured
for
of
2．comparison n．比较
常见考法 (1)by comparison (常用于句首)相比较
by/in comparison (with sb./sth.) (与某人/某物)相比较
make a comparison 进行比较
there's no comparison 无法相比，根本不能相提并论
(2)compare v． 比较，对比；与……类似，
将……比作
n. 比较
compare A and/with/to B 把A与B比较
常见考法 compare A to B 把A比作B
compared to/with 与……相比
compare notes (with sb.) (与某人)交换看法
beyond/without compare 无与伦比
升维考法 compare ...with/to ...都可以表示“把……与……相比较”，尤其是用在过去分词作状语的句子中；compare ...to ...还可表示“把……比作……”。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Since living in the country is cheap in _____________(compare) with that in big cities, my grandpa decided to spend the rest of his life in the country.
②______________, you will see things are looking up.
相对来说，你会看到事情正在好转。
③Lily does very well in her studies, especially in maths and English.No one in our class can _______________ her.
莉莉学习成绩很好，尤其是数学和英语。我们班上没有人能与她相比。
comparison
By comparison
compare with
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空)
④Compare our price ________ that in the international market, and you will find ours more attractive.
⑤We often compare young people ____the rising sun to express great hope to them.
⑥___________ (compare) with/to other applicants, you are better suited for the job.
with/to
to
Compared
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构
“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中作主语、宾语、表语等，经常用在某些动词后作宾语，如tell， show， know， learn， teach， remember等。这种结构可以把复合句转换为简单句。
注意：①在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式；,②why后接不定式时，常省略不定式符号to；,③whether后可接不定式，而if不可以。
?通过题点训练明确规则用法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①When and where ____________(discuss) the issue hasn't been decided yet.
②I don't know whether __________ (accept) it or not.
③The question many students are puzzled about is_____________________
______.
如何学好英语是许多学生困惑的问题。
to discuss
to accept
how to study English
well
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美(一句多译)
这个男孩太小了，遇到麻烦时不知道该怎么做。
④The boy is too young to know ___________when in trouble.(不定式)
⑤The boy is too young to know ___________________when in trouble.
(宾语从句)
what to do
what he should do
2019·全国卷Ⅲ·完形填空
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March — 1 six months out of the year.
“Of course, we 2 it when the sun is shining，” says Karin Ro, who works for the town's tourism office. “We see the sky is 3 ， but down in the valley it's darker — it's like on a 4 day.”
But that 5 when a system of high-tech 6 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents (居民) of Rjukan 7 their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 8 . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 9 them to turn along with the sun throughout the 10 and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam (束) of light onto the town's central 11 ， creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 12 ， Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been 13 there and standing there and taking 14 of each other，” Ro says. “The town square was totally 15 . I think almost all the people in the town were there.” The 3,500 residents cannot all 16 the sunshine at the same time. 17 ， the new light feels like more than enough for the town's 18 residents.
“It's not very 19 ，” she says, “but it is enough when we are 20 .”
(选用了20个空的完形，不是疏于对高考的把握，而是基于让学生多积词汇的考量)
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了挪威小镇Rjukan一年中将近六个月都无法得到阳光直射，但这种状况在电脑控制的反射板投入使用后得以改善。
1．A.only B．obviously
C．nearly D．precisely
答案：C
解析：根据上文中的“from late September to mid-March”可知，这段时间将近六个月。
2．A.fear B．believe
C．hear D．notice
答案：D
解析：当太阳照耀时，我们就可以注意到(notice)它。句中的“it”指代第一段中的“sunlight”。
3．A.empty B．blue
C．high D．wide
答案：B
解析：天空是蔚蓝色的，但山谷却是比较阴暗的。根据句中的“but”可知，本空填入的词语与“darker”相对应，故blue“蓝色的，蔚蓝色的”符合语境。
4．A.cloudy B．normal
C．different D．warm
答案：A
解析：山谷中天色阴暗，因此像是阴天(cloudy)一般。
5．A.helped B．changed
C．happened D．mattered
答案：B
解析：根据下文内容可知，采用反射板后，小镇的面貌发生了改变(changed)。
6．A.computers B．Telescopes
C．mirrors D．cameras
答案：C
解析：根据下文中的“The mirrors are controlled”可知答案。
7．A.remembered B．forecasted
C．received D．imagined
答案：C
解析：星期三，Rjukan的居民接收到(received)了他们的第一束冬日阳光。remember“记得”；forecast“预报”；imagine“想象”。
8．A.repair B．risk
C．rest D．use
答案：D
解析：根据语境可知，镇上的居民们能享受到冬日的阳光是因为小镇将引进的高科技反射板投入了使用。put to use“投入使用”为固定搭配。
9．A.forbids B．directs
C．predicts D．follows
答案：B
解析：本空填入的词应与空前的“controlled”在语义上保持一致，故direct“指示，命令，管理”符合语境。forbid“禁止，阻碍”；predict“预言，预告”；follow“跟随”。
10．A.day B．night
C．month D．year
答案：A
解析：因为要反射阳光，肯定是在白天。throughout the day“整个白天”。
11．A.library B．hall
C．square D．street
答案：C
解析：根据下一段中的“The town square”可知答案为square。
12．A.appeared B．returned
C．faded D．stopped
答案：A
解析：当阳光出现(appeared)时，Rjukan的居民便聚集在广场上。
13．A.driving B．hiding
C．camping D．sitting
答案：D
解析：根据语境可知，人们或坐(sitting)或站，享受阳光。
14．A.pictures B．notes
C．care D．hold
答案：A
解析：由语境再结合四个选项可知，此处指人们相互拍照(take pictures)。take notes of “记录”；take care of “照顾”；take hold of “握住”。
15．A.new B．full
C．flat D．silent
答案：B
解析：由前文可知阳光区域只有600平方米，因此广场上应该挤满(full)了人。
16．A.block B．avoid
C．enjoy D．store
答案：C
解析：由前文可知阳光区域只有600平方米，因此3 500名居民显然不能同时享受(enjoy)到阳光。block“阻塞”；avoid“避免”；store“贮藏”。
17．A.Instead B．However
C．Gradually D．Similarly
答案：B
解析：根据语境可知，此处表示转折关系，应用However。
18．A.nature-loving B．energy-saving
C．weather-beaten D．sun-starved
答案：D
解析：根据上文提到的Rjukan的居民将近六个月都享受不到阳光可知，此处指镇上渴望阳光的居民。
19．A.big B．clear
C．cold D．easy
答案：A
解析：阳光区域只有600平方米，显然不是很大(big)，但居民们彼此分享(sharing)时，它就足够了。
20．A.trying B．waiting
C．watching D．sharing
答案：D
解析：参见上题解析。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
词汇复现题的思维建模(第9题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的意思)
①(熟词生义)But that changed when a system of high-tech mirrors was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks into the valley below. _______
②(熟词生义)The mirrors are controlled by a computer that directs them to turn along with the sun throughout the day and to close during windy weather. ________
引进
指示
③(一词多义)They reflect a concentrated beam of light onto the town's central square，creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters.
________
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①be situated between ... _____________
②on a cloudy day ____________________
③a row of ________
反射
位于……之间
在一个多云的日子
一排
④put to use ___________
⑤along with ____________________
⑥at the same time _________
⑦feel like ________
⑧more than enough ____________
投入使用
随着；与……一起
与此同时
感觉像
绰绰有余
三、寻结构破长句
1．But that changed when a system of high-tech mirrors was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks into the valley below.
抓标志：从属连词________
判类型：主句＋时间状语从句
试翻译：但___________________________________________________
_____________________，这种情况发生了变化。
when
当一套高科技的镜子系统被引入将阳光从邻近的山峰反射
到下面的山谷中的时候
2．The mirrors are controlled by a computer that directs them to turn along with the sun throughout the day and to close during windy weather.
抓标志：关系代词______
判类型：主句＋定语从句
试翻译：这些镜子由一台电脑控制，_____________________________
_____________，在有风的天气关闭。
that
电脑会指示它们在整个白天随着
太阳转动
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)However, the new light feels like more than enough for the town's sun-starved residents.
赏析：短语feel like巧妙地表达了居民的美好感觉；more than enough描绘出虽然阳光照射到的区域不大，但是对当地居民来讲，已经足以让他们高兴不已了。合成词sun-starved形象地描写出了当地居民渴望阳光的心态。
[对点练——单句语法填空/词汇升级]
①Day by day, Kyle started to feel like ___________(draw) more, showing greater passion for it.
②I am very delighted to hear from you and would like to share with you what I did during my lockdown time. ____________
drawing
more than
2．(赏意境之美)A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to use.The mirrors are controlled by a computer that directs them to turn along with the sun throughout the day and to close during windy weather.They reflect a concentrated beam of light onto the town's central square, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters.
赏析：附近山腰上成排的(a row of)反射板，在电脑的控制下随着阳光转动(turn along with the sun)，一束耀眼的阳光(a concentrated beam of light)反射到山谷的中心广场……给当地人带来的不仅仅是阳光，还有更美好的心情和生活。
“UNIT 9 Section Ⅰ 课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看(共102张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Lesson 3～Reading Club
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．virus n． 病毒
2．factor n. 因素，要素
3．sample n. 样本，样品
vt. 品尝，尝试；对……做抽样调查
4．bury vt. 埋葬，安葬；埋藏
5．pose vt. 造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等)
n. 姿势，姿态
6．lung n. 肺
7．trial n. 试验；审判，审理
8．needle n. 针
9．victim n. 受害者
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．epidemic n. 传染病，流行病
2．bacteria n. 细菌
3．baseline n. (医学或科学中的)基线，准线
4．widespread adj. 分布广的，广泛流传的
5．parallel n. 联系，相似
adj. 平行的
6．symptom n. 症状；征兆，症候
7．outbreak n. (战争或疾病)爆发，突然发生
8．underline vt. 强调，使突出；在……之下划线
9．thorough adj. 彻底的，全面的，详尽的
10．paragraph n. (文章的)段，段落
11．symbolically adv. 象征地，象征性地
12．phenomenon n. 现象
13．mineral n. 矿物质；矿产
14．database n. 数据库，资料库
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．vary vi.& vt.变化；相异；使多样化→________ n．变化物，变体；差异，变动→________ adj.各种各样的；多方面的→________ n．多样；种类
2．office n．办公室；政府机关；官职；营业处→________ adj.官方的；正式的；公务的 n．官员；公务员；高级职员→_________ adv.官方地，正式地
3．classify vt.将……分类；把……归入一类→______________n．分类；类别，等级
variation
various
variety
official
officially
classification
4．rare adj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的→_______ adv.很少地；难得；罕见地
5．oppose vt.反对；对抗，抗争→__________ adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物→_________adj.相反的；对面的；对立的 n．对立面；反义词→__________ n．反对，对立
6．depress vt.压抑；使沮丧；使萧条→____________ adj.令人沮丧的，让人忧愁的→_____________ adj.抑郁的；压抑的
rarely
opposed
opposite
opposition
depressing
depressive
7．estimate vt.& n．估计，估算→____________ n．估计
8．vision n．视力；美景 vt.想象→________ adj.看得见的→_______adv.明显地；显然；看得见地→_________ adj.看不见的
9．steady adj.稳定的；不变的；沉着的→__________ adv.稳定地
10．actual adj.实际的，真实的→___________ adv.的确，事实上
estimation
visible
visibly
invisible
steadily
actually
11．system n．制度，体制；系统；方法→__________ adj.系统化的，有条理的→______________ adv.有系统地；有组织地
12．globe n．地球，世界；地球仪→________adj.全球的；总体的；球形的→________ adv.全球地；全局地；世界上
13．correspond vi.符合，一致；相应；通信→______________ adj.相应的；对应的→_______________ n．通信；一致；相当
systematic
systematically
global
globally
corresponding
correspondence
14．differ vi.不同，不一样；有异意→___________ adj.不同的；个别的，与众不同的→__________adv.不同地；差异；各种→____________ n．差异；不同
15．identify vt.确定，发现；认出，识别→______________ n．识别；身份证明
16．suspect n．(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子→_________ adj.可疑的；怀疑的
17．astronomy n．天文学→_____________ n．天文学家
different
differently
difference
identification
suspicious
astronomer
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.特殊名词复数变化能分清
①phenomenon n．→pl.phenomena现象
②medium n．→pl.media媒体
③bacterium n．→pl.bacteria细菌
④mouse n．→pl.mice老鼠
2.“通信”用语知多少
①correspond vi. 通信
②e-mail n. 电子邮件
③letter n. 信件
④receive v. 收到(来信)
⑤reply n. 回信
⑥communication n. 通信
⑦hear from 收到……来信
⑧write to 给……写信
二、背词块—丰富表达
1．_________ 带进
2．______________ 被归类为……
3．____________ 成千上万的……；无数的……
4．__________ 记录在案的；公开发表的
5．____________ 死于；因……而死
carry into
be classified as
millions of
on record
die from
6．____________ 因此，由于；作为……的结果
7．_______________ 在……过程中；在……期间
8．__________ 导致
9．__________ 克服；恢复；熬过
10．_____________ 提出；想出；赶上
as a result of
in the course of
result in
get over
come up with
6．____________ 因此，由于；作为……的结果
7．______________ 在……过程中；在……期间
8．_________ 导致
9．_________ 克服；恢复；熬过
10．_____________ 提出；想出；赶上
as a result of
in the course of
result in
get over
come up with
11．____________ 爆发；突然发生
12．___________ 起因于；由……造成
13．___________ 解决；算出；想出；理解；断定
14．___________ 寻找；搜索
Break out
Result from
Figure out
Search for
[联想串记]
1.“数字”短语精选
①millions of 成千上万的
②hundreds of 数百
③thousands of 数千
④billions of 数十亿
⑤hundreds of thousands of 成千上万
2.“on＋n.” 短语串联
①on record 记录在案的
②on time 准时
③on sale 在出售；在打折
④on purpose 故意地
⑤on board 在(船、飞机、火车)上
⑥on duty 值班，上班
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．as long as“达……之久；只要”
教材原句 Epidemics have been happening for as long as there have been people living on Earth.
自地球上有人类生活以来，流行病就一直存在。
推荐佳句 ①(2022·全国甲卷) I believe that as long as we make enough efforts, marine protection will surely succeed. 我相信，只要我们付出足够的努力，海洋保护就一定会成功。
②(新教材外研版必修2佳句) As parents, they try to keep that magic alive for their children for as long as they can.
为人父母之后，他们想让自己的孩子尽可能长久地相信这份魔力的存在。
续表
2．现在分词短语作结果状语
教材原句 Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area's population died from the epidemic, making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire. 现今科学家估计，发病区域多达50%的人口死于这一流行病，成为罗马帝国衰落的一个主要原因。
推荐佳句 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The newspaper covers a wide variety of topics, thus meeting the needs of different readers. 这份报纸涵盖各种主题，从而能满足不同读者的要求。
②(新教材人教版选择性必修1佳句) Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted, leaving behind about 100 glaciers. 大约在九千年前，冰层消融，留下了大约一百座冰川。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
场景渲染之自然环境
A gentle breeze blew through Jennifer's hair. The golden red sun was setting. She was on the beach, looking up at the fiery ball. She was amazed by its color, deep red in the middle, softly fading intoyellow. She could hear nothing but the waves and the seagulls flying up above in the sky.
[点评] 本段中使用了“A gentle breeze, The golden red sun, on the beach, the fiery ball, deep red in the middle, softly fading into yellow, the waves and the seagulls flying up”等自然景色描写，描绘出一幅安静美丽的画面。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It was several _________ (因素) that combined to harm our friendship.
2．Secondly, we need to __________ (强调) the need for the government to take leadership on these issues.
3．The plan received ___________(广泛的) support throughout the country.
factors
underline
widespread
4．His death set in motion a train of events that led to the __________(爆发) of war.
5．Despite a ___________ (彻底的) investigation, no trace of Dr Southwell has been found.
6．The world needs your courage, creativity, and intelligence to beat this ______ (病毒) — wishing each of you good health.
outbreak
thorough
virus
7．For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill __________ (细菌) in zero gravity.
8．The article's length of a ____________(段落) depends on the information it conveys.
9．The __________(数据库) makes it clear that there is not a strong connection between material wealth and general contentment.
10．It shows a common _____________(现象) nowadays that children are the focus of families, shouldering the hope of their parents.
bacteria
paragraph
database
phenomenon
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I have _______ (rare) seen her display any sign of emotion.
2．The company's exports have been increasing _________ (steady)．
3．There are lots of people there who can _________ (actual) help you.
4．We need to take a more __________ (globe) approach to the problem.
rarely
steadily
actually
global
5．Looking for a job these days can be very __________ (depress)．
6．A __________ (vary) of a gene can influence people's social behavior.
7．The ______________ (classify) based on DNA seems to be much more reliable.
depressing
variation
classification
Ⅲ.选词填空
at the start of， come up with， figure out， in the course of， search for， as a result of
1．You can use a directory service to __________ people on the Internet.
2．She couldn't _____________ a solution to the problem, so she turned to me for help.
3．Our humanness arises out of these relationships _______________ social interaction.
search for
come up with
in the course of
4．There was no positive evidence that any birth defects had arisen _____________ Vitamin A intake.
5．It always takes the class a while to settle down ______________the lesson.
6．I hope you can __________ a good way of settling the matter.
result of
as a
at the start of
figure out
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)In our life we may meet with many failures, ______________
_________, there's no need to feel regret for them.
在生活中我们会遇到很多失败，只要我们尽力而为，就没有必要为此感到遗憾。
2．(完成句子)This zoo is not the only place ___________________________.
这个动物园并不是唯一能够看到这种动物的地方。
as long as we try
our best
where the animal can be seen
3．(完成句子)_____________ he has a gift for music makes his mother surprised.
他有音乐天赋的事实让他的母亲感到惊讶。
4．(一句多译)由于价格上涨得这么快，我们买不起汽车。
①_________________________________________ (as引导状语从句)
②___________________________________________ (with复合结构)
The fact that
As prices go up so fast, we can't afford a car.
With prices going up so fast, we can't afford a car.
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．rare adj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①I deal with customers on the phone and _________(rare) meet them face to face.
rarely
②____________________ that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls.
在日本的音乐厅里，莫扎特的作品随处可见。
③The local government said _______________ Asian wild elephants to migrate so far north from their traditional habitats.
当地政府表示，亚洲野象离开传统栖息地向北迁移这么远很罕见。
It is never rare to find
it was rare for
系统 归纳 (1)it is rare for sb.to do sth. 某人很少做某事
it is rare to do sth. 做某事很少见
(2)rarely adv. 稀少地；极少地
微点 提醒 rare 的常见同义词有：scarce, seldom等。
2．suspect n．(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子v.怀疑；猜疑
(1)单句语法填空
①The child is always making the same excuse, and so I suspect him ___lying.
②If you see something ___________(suspect), inform the police at once.
③The teacher was suspicious __________the student's furtive (偷偷摸摸的) behaviour during the exam.
of
suspicious
of/about
(2)一句多译
从表情上判断，我怀疑他是那个扒手。
④Judging from his expression, I _______________________________.
⑤Judging from his expression, I _______________________________.
⑥Judging from his expression, I ___________________________.
suspect that he is the pickpocket
suspect him to be the pickpocket
suspect him of the pickpocket
系统归纳 (1)suspect sb.of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事
suspect sb./sth.to be/as ... 怀疑某人/某物是……
suspect that ... 怀疑……
(2)suspicious adj. 可疑的；怀疑的
be suspicious about/of ... 对……起疑心，对……表示怀疑
微点提醒 suspect用作动词时，通常不用于进行时；作名词表示“嫌疑犯”；作形容词表示“不可信的，可疑的”，一般作表语。
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
短语动词
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①To keep fit, Professor White took ____cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired.
②Scientists are working hard to figure ____how COVID-19 spreads among people.
③With money running _____, he couldn't afford the round-trip tickets.
up
out
out
④She picked _____Japanese when she was in Japan.Now she can speak it freely.
⑤Our government has taken measures to get _________the simple fact that drugs are dangerous.
⑥There was a fire, and _______________________________.
发生了一场火灾，旧工厂被烧毁了。
up
across
the old factory was burned down
⑦Jim managed to ___________________ and avoid a fight.
吉姆设法抑制住了怒气，避免了一场殴斗。
⑧She is determined to work hard to ___________________________________.
她决心努力工作以不辜负父母的期望。
⑨In the dark it was hard for us to _________________________________.
在黑暗中，我们很难辨认出房子上的数字。
⑩If you don't say sorry for your mistake, they won't ______________________.
如果你不为自己的错误道歉的话，他们是不会放过你的。
hold back his anger
live up to the expectations of her parents
make out the numbers on the houses
let you get away with it
[谨记规则]
短语动词是由动词加介词、副词或其他词构成的词组，其作用和动词差不多。有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些则相当于不及物动词。
(1)动词＋副词：不及物短语动词或及物短语动词。
①put up, put down, take out, take up等为及物短语动词；若宾语为代词，要将代词置于动词和副词之间；若为名词，位置则灵活。
②break out, break down, come out, come on, go on, go out等为不及物短语动词。
③set off, set out等短语既是及物短语动词也是不及物短语动词。
(2)动词＋介词：这一类的短语通常是及物短语动词。如：agree on, agree with, approve of, break into, belong to, consist of, come across, fall for, hear of等。
(3)动词＋副词＋介词：这一类的短语通常是及物短语动词。如：face up to, get down to, look forward to, look up to, look down upon, make up for等。
(4)动词＋名词＋介词：这一类的短语通常是及物短语动词。如：take care of, make use of, pay attention to, take advantage of, take note of，make fun of等。
(5)动词＋其他：如“动词＋it”构成的短语动词make it, put it, get it等。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．opposed adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物；相反的；对立的
常见考法 (1)be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事
(2)oppose vt.& vi. 反对；反抗
oppose (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事
oppose sb./sb.'s doing sth. 反对某人做某事
(3)opposite adj. 对立的；在……对面的
prep. 在……对面
升维考法 (1)be opposed to doing sth.意为“反对做某事”，其中to为介词，后跟动词时要用动名词作宾语。
(2)表示“赞成/反对”的词汇：
①agree→disagree ②approve→disapprove
③be for→be against
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①All people present are opposed to __________(work) overtime on Sunday.
②We oppose ______ (use) this unusual technique to build the bridge.
③She turned and walked off in the _________ (oppose) direction.
working
using
opposite
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
我反对修改这个方案，因为它是可行的。
④I ________________________ for it is practicable.(oppose)
⑤I ________________________________ for it is practicable.(opposed)
oppose correcting the plan
am opposed to correcting the plan
2．bury vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏；使专心，使沉浸；隐藏
常见考法 be buried in＝bury oneself in 埋头于；专心于
be buried in thought 沉思
bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面
升维考法 be buried in＝bury oneself in，意为“埋头于；专心于”，在句中作状语，含有反身代词时动词bury用现在分词形式，反之用过去分词形式。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①Ever since he moved there, he has buried ________ (him) in his research work.
②The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, __________(bury) her head in the book in her hands.
③She buried her face ____her hands and was buried ____thought when she heard she didn't pass the driving test.
④_________ (bury) in his study, he wasn't aware that all the others had left.
himself
burying
in
in
Buried
?细练升维考法(句式升级)
⑤Because she buried herself in the film, she didn't know it was snowing outside.
→_______________________, she didn't know it was snowing outside.(用现在分词短语作状语)
→___________________, she didn't know it was snowing outside.(用过去分词短语作状语)
Burying herself in the film
Buried in the film
3．result in造成，导致，结果是
常见考法 (1)result from 由……引起
(2)as a result 结果(在句中作状语，常用逗号与句子隔开)
as a result of ... 由于……
without result＝in vain 没有结果；白费
升维考法 (1)result in“导致/造成……的结果”，相当于lead to/cause/bring about，后跟表示结果的名词或动名词；
(2)result from“由……引起”，相当于lie in，后跟表示原因的名词或动名词。
?精练常见考法(完成句子)
①Long exposure to noisy surroundings may _______some mental problems.
长期暴露在嘈杂的环境中可能会导致一些精神问题。
②He studied hard last term and, ___________, he passed the examination.
上学期他努力学习，结果通过了考试。
result in
as a result
③I've been trying to open the box, but ______________ so far.
我一直在尝试打开这个盒子，但到目前为止还没有打开。
④________________ destroying the forests, large quantities of desert have covered the land.
由于森林遭到破坏，大量的沙漠覆盖了土地。
without result
As a result of
?细练升维考法(对比填空：result in, result from)
⑤Sophia's letter ____________the establishment of a degree programme for women.
⑥Countless animal casualties (伤亡) ____________ the use of artificial lighting.
resulted in
result from
4．break out (坏事)突然发生，爆发
常见考法 break up 分离；结束；解散
break away 逃离；逃脱
break into 闯入(及物动词短语)
break in 闯入，打断谈话(不及物动词短语)
break off 中断，突然终止
break down (机器)出故障；(身体)垮掉；
(感情)崩溃；分解
升维考法 表示“发生”的同义词辨析：
(1)happen作“发生，碰巧”讲时，一般用于偶然或突发性事件；
(2)occur作“发生，想到，突然想起”讲时，其意义相当于happen；
(3)break out意为“发生，爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病或者争吵等事件的发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等；
(4)take place表示“发生；举行，举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排；
(5)come about表示“发生，产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。
续表
?精练常见考法(完成句子)
①As is known to us, plastic bags are difficult to ____________.
众所周知，塑料袋很难分解。
②He _________ in the middle of a sentence.
他在一句话中间停了下来。
③The room is in a mess.It must have been _____________.
房间里乱七八糟。一定是被人闯入了。
④A fire __________ during the night, which caused a lot of damage.
夜间发生了火灾，造成了很大的损失。
break down
broke off
broken into
broke out
?澄清升维考法
(选词填空：happen/occur/break out/take place/come about)
⑤A fire _________ in the hospital during the midnight.
⑥Great changes have ____________ in our hometown during the past ten years.
⑦A big earthquake ____________________ in the south last month.
⑧I'll never understand how it ____________that you were late three times a week.
broke out
taken place
occurred/happened
came about
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
(1)as long as意为“和……一样长，达……之久”。类似表达还有： as far as, as good as等。
(2)as long as/so long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。引导条件状语从句的其他连词还有：unless, in case, on condition that, provided/providing (that), suppose/supposing (that), assume/assuming (that), (only) if, given (that) 等。
1．as long as 达……之久；只要
?通过题点训练明确规则用法(单句语法填空)
①So/As long ____ we work together, we can achieve great results.
②__________________ (provide) that they refuse us，who else can we turn to for help
③He spoke to reporters ____ condition that he was not identified.
as
Providing/Provided
on
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
④这些会议可能要开长达四个小时。
These meetings can ________________________.
⑤只要我们坚持自己的理想，永不放弃，就一定会取得成功。
________________________________________________________, we are bound to achieve success.
last as long as four hours
As/So long as we hold fast to our ideals and never give up
⑥当你收到电子邮件中的培训计划时，如果你能提出宝贵的建议，我们会非常开心。
We are very pleased ____________________________________________
________ when you receive the training program in your email.
assume/assuming (that) you can give your valuable
advice
2．现在分词作结果状语
(1)现在分词作结果状语常表示“意料、情理之中的结果”，置于句尾，其前可以加thus；
(2)不定式作结果状语常表示“出乎意料的结果”，不定式前常加only或just。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①First of all, I speak English fluently.It allows me to communicate with visitors without delay.
→First of all, I speak English fluently, _____________________________
_____________________.
②The fog was so heavy, which makes it impossible for us to get there on time.
→The fog was so heavy,__________________________________________.
allowing me to communicate with
visitors without delay
making it impossible for us to get there on time
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③雪下了一周，导致整个地区交通严重混乱。
The snow lasted a week,_________________________________________
______________.
④他们上气不接下气地赶到公司，结果却被告知他们被解雇了。
They reached the company out of breath, only _______________________.
resulting in serious traffic confusion in the
whole area
to be told they were fired
2019·江苏高考·完形填空
Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. There are species (物种) that are 1 every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to 2 the species from going out of existence.
Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their 3 . Emma, a female crane, has been in their 4 since she arrived in 2004.
Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was 5 by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected 6 ， though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had 7 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She 8 to live with male cranes, and even had a 9 for killing some of them, which made it 10 for her to become a mother.
11 ， the two zookeepers didn't want to see the extinction (灭绝) of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a 12 of artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. This 13 Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.
The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be 14 ， more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the 15 ， and many other species appear headed toward extinction. 16 ， not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.
How can we 17 the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals Chris and Tim offered us the 18 ： human beings took it for granted that their 19 held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better 20 .
(选用了20个空的完形，不是疏于对高考的把握，而是基于让学生多积词汇的考量)
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两位动物饲养员Chris和Tim为拯救濒危的白枕鹤所做出的努力。
1．A.growing B．migrating
C．competing D．disappearing
答案：D
解析：根据第一段首句可知，在现代，野生动物受到了极大的威胁。每天都有物种在消失。disappear“消失”。
2．A.ban B．save
C．split D．remove
答案：B
解析：由下文提到的Chris和Tim为拯救白枕鹤所做出的努力可知，科学家们正在尽最大努力拯救白枕鹤这一物种，使其免于灭绝。save ...from“拯救……免受……”。
3．A.abortion B．recreation
C．reproduction D．administration
答案：C
解析：根据第四段中的“artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction”可知，Chris和Tim在一家动物园工作，帮助濒临灭绝的白枕鹤繁殖。reproduction“繁殖”。
4．A.care B．eye
C．mind D．story
答案：A
解析：Emma是一只雌性白枕鹤，自从2004年来到这个动物园后，就一直在他们的照顾之下。in sb.'s care“由某人照顾”。
5．A.found B．chosen
C．raised D．seized
答案：C
解析：根据空后的“by human caretakers”以及下文中的“become deeply attached to humans”可知，Emma由人类饲养员饲养。raise“饲养”。
6．A.bonus B．consequence
C．victory D．Sacrifice
答案：B
解析：根据下文中的“Emma had ...become deeply attached to humans ...killing some of them”可知，这导致了一个意想不到的后果。consequence“后果”。
7．A.never B．always
C．unluckily D．cheerfully
答案：A
解析：Emma从来没有把自己当成一只鹤，它深深地依赖着人类，对人类产生了很深的感情。根据语境可知，此处用否定副词never。
8．A.liked B．refused
C．decided D．hesitated
答案：B
解析：根据上文可知，Emma对人类有很深的感情；再根据下文中的“killing some of them ...become a mother”可知，它拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起，甚至因杀死一些雄鹤而出了名，这使它不可能成为一名母亲。refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。
9．A.gift B．skill
C．concern D．reputation
答案：D
解析：参见上题解析。have a reputation for“有……的名声”。
10．A.illegal B．inspiring
C．important D．impossible
答案：D
解析：参见第8题解析。
11．A.Therefore B．Moreover
C．However D．Instead
答案：C
解析：然而，Chris和Tim并不想看到这一珍稀物种灭绝。根据语境可知，上下文之间是转折关系，however“然而”，符合语境。
12．A.combination B．collection
C．strategy D．system
答案：A
解析：在Chris和Tim的耐心和努力下，他们成功地将人工繁殖和自然繁殖结合起来。combination“结合，联合”。
13．A.forced B．forbade
C．taught D．enabled
答案：D
解析：这使得Emma生下了五只鹤宝宝。enable sb.to do sth. “使某人能做某事”，是固定搭配，且符合此处的语境。
14．A.defeated B．grateful
C．assured D．tolerant
答案：C
解析：Chris和Tim为他们富有成效的工作感到自豪，但在它们确定之前，他们必须付出更多的努力。assured“确定的”。
15．A.list B．rise
C．agenda D．decline
答案：D
解析：因为野生白枕鹤的数量正在下降，许多其他物种似乎正走向灭绝。on the decline“在下降”。
16．A.In contrast B．After all
C．By the way D．On the contrary
答案：B
解析：毕竟，并不是每个人都能意识到野生动物有思想、有感情，最重要的是，它们有平等的生存权利。after all“毕竟”，符合语境。
17．A.leave B．bridge
C．open D．identify
答案：B
解析：我们怎样才能弥合我们与其他动物之间不断扩大的鸿沟呢？bridge the gap“消除隔阂或鸿沟”。
18．A.course B．excuse
C．answer D．reward
答案：C
解析：Chris和Tim给了我们答案，下文中的“human beings took it for granted that ... ”就是他们的答案。
19．A.brains B．behaviors
C．services D．projects
答案：A
解析：人类想当然地认为他们的大脑(brains)掌握了所有的解决方案，但也许他们的心可以成为更好的向导(guide)。
20．A.guide B．treat
C．example D．companion
答案：A
解析：参见上题解析。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
行文逻辑题的思维建模(第2题)
思维建模 模型应用
第一步：顺句意 理解基本句意 因此，科学家们正尽最大努力 __________这个物种免于灭绝。
第二步：找依据 根据上下文逻辑关系找依据 设空处在首段尾句，衔接上下文。下文讲述了Chris和Tim为拯救白枕鹤所做出的努力。
第三步：会辨析 辨析选项词汇或短语的意义，做出选择 ban“禁止”；save“拯救”； split“分裂”； remove“移除”。 故选B。
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was raised by human caretakers. _________
②(熟词生义)Emma had never taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. _______________
③(熟词生义)How can we bridge the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals？ ________
基金会
依赖的；依恋的
消除
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①in the modern age ________
②try one's best to do sth. _______________________
③out of existence _______
④lead to ________
⑤have a wonderful time _________
⑥take ... as ... _________________
在现代
尽某人的最大努力做某事
灭绝
导致
过得愉快
把……当做……
⑦become attached to ______________
⑧give birth to _____________
⑨in the wild ______________
⑩on the decline _________
separate ...from ... __________________
take ... for granted ____________________
依赖/依恋……
生育；生产
在野外，野生的
在下降
把……与……分开
认为……理所当然
三、寻结构破长句
1．But before they can be assured, more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the decline, and many other species appear headed toward extinction.
抓标志：从属连词_________________；并列连词_____
判类型：复合句(含有一个时间状语从句和一个原因状语从句)＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译：但_________________，还必须做出更多的努力，因为_____
_____________________，而且许多其他物种似乎正走向灭绝。
before
；because
and
在他们确定之前
野生
白鹤的数量正在下降
2．...human beings took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better guide.
抓标志：连接词_______; 并列连词_____
判类型：复合句(含有一个宾语从句)＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译：……____________________，他们的大脑掌握着所有的解决方案，但也许他们的心可以成为更好的向导。
that
but
人类理所当然地认为
四、赏佳句助写作
(赏结构之美)Chris and Tim offered us the answer: human beings took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better guide.
赏析：but连接并列句，表转折。前面说人类想当然地认为他们的大脑掌握着所有的解决方案，然后话锋一转，强调心才是更好的向导。并列连词的运用，前后两个句子的主语their brains和their hearts的鲜明对比，有效传达了作者想要表达的重要信息。
[对点练——单句语法填空]
①There are many kinds of sports, ______my favorite is swimming.
②I like to think that my mother — your grandmother — loved me and fought to raise me on her own, _____that the daily struggle was too hard.
but
but
“UNIT 9 Section Ⅱ 课时作业”
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谢
谢
观
看
