6 / 6
Section Ⅰ 课时作业
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·雅礼十六校联考)In 2016, in an Illinois town called Cahokia, a woman was sent to prison just because she failed to tend her lawn (草坪)．In 2019, a Florida man was fined $30,000 by the city of Dunedin for allowing his grass to grow more than 10 inches in height.These examples, while extreme, are not rare occurrence in America.
A study estimated that turf grasses (lawns, parks, athletic fields, etc.) cover over 40 million acres in the continental US, an area larger than any crop area.And Americans spend as much as $60 billion a year maintaining these grasses.These impressive data are the result of Americans' setting_much_store by these pieces of greenery for several centuries.
Centuries ago, only those with considerable wealth could own the resources needed to maintain these displays.In the modern world, lawns have gradually changed from the estates of the wealthy to the front yards of common people.Across America, millions of families now proudly present their grass to their neighbors and drivers by carefully weeding, watering, fertilizing and mowing these small-scale representations of the grounds.
With this context in mind, it's easy to see well-tended lawns in America.People tend to use lawns to create an impression of order or to indicate a sense of personal success.The health and attractiveness of the grass in their yard becomes a barometer (晴雨表) for their life as whole.
However, with so many acres covered by the grass, the influence associated with lawn maintenance is more than just psychological.To begin, a lawn requires massive quantities of resources to sustain.The US Department of Agriculture estimates that lawns account for about half of homeowner's water use, much of which is wasted.Additionally, Americans are reported to use 80 million pounds of chemicals on their lawns each year.The process of tending the lawn also contributes to air pollution.
These surprising data mean we need to question whether lawns provide us with enough benefit to justify their widespread existence.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。美国人对草坪的情有独钟有着历史根源及心理方面的原因，但大面积的草坪对环境有着重大的负面影响。
1．Why are the two lawn-related cases mentioned in the first paragraph
A．To explain the effectiveness of American laws.
B．To show the significance of lawns in American society.
C．To stress Americans' awareness of environmental protection.
D．To reveal the cost of maintaining lawns in Americans' daily life.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第一段介绍的两个不同寻常的案例并结合下文美国人对草坪的喜爱与重视可知，作者通过这两个案例说明了草坪在美国社会的重要性。
2．What does the underlined part in the second paragraph mean
A．Making full use of.
B．Facing the consequence of.
C．Attaching great importance to.
D．Shouldering the responsibility for.
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据画线部分的上文可知，草坪在美国大陆占地面积很大，美国人为维护草坪花了很多钱。由此可知，画线部分表示美国人对草坪非常地重视。 attach great importance to意为“非常重视”。
3．Why do Americans have a preference for well-tended lawns
A．Because of the psychological function of lawns.
B．Because of the popularity of lawns in Americans' life.
C．Because of the purpose of placing barometers in lawns.
D．Because of the method of planting healthy and attractive lawns.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“People tend to use lawns to create an impression of order or to indicate a sense of personal success.”可推断，美国人喜欢精心照料草坪是因为草坪在人们的心理构建方面的功能。
4．What can we know about the lawns in the US according to the passage
A．They will be expanded to cover more lands.
B．They are of significant environmental concerns.
C．They will motivate people to be health-conscious.
D．They can promote the development of the chemical industry.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“To begin, a lawn requires massive quantities of resources to sustain ... also contributes to air pollution.”可知，大面积的草坪引起了重大的环境问题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Take a Break from Technology
In today's world we are constantly surrounded by technology.It's true to say that technology makes our lives easier. __5__ Otherwise we put ourselves at risk of developing hundreds of health problems.Over the summer the days are longer, sunnier and free from school.With all this free time, why not put it to good use and do something that doesn't involve technology
__6__ There are hundreds of possibilities: crafts, cooking, learning a musical instrument or a new sport.Maybe you've always wanted to try out that recipe, but haven't had time Perhaps you fancy learning how to knit, so you can have a new sweater for the autumn You could use your free time to learn something new.__7__
If you just fancy relaxing, why not head to a beach Take along your favourite book and relax on the sand or go for a walk along the coastline (just make sure you're aware of the tides！)．If you don't live near a beach, you could go to your local park.__8__
Whatever you choose to do with your summer, try something new! __9__ Also, you might make new friends along the way.Next time you find yourself aimlessly channel-hopping, have a think at what else you could spend your time doing.
A．To start with, you could learn a new skill.
B．Technology has become an important part of our lives.
C．And perhaps it'll lead to an exciting opportunity in the future.
D．You might surprise yourself and find a hidden talent within you.
E．Why not take along a picnic, or try and identify some of the local wildlife
F．However, increasingly scientists are saying that we need to give ourselves a break.
G．In our increasingly technology-driven world, have we become addicted to technology
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述在科技发达的今天我们要学会从中放松自己。
5．解析：选F 上文说明科技给我们带来好处，下文提倡做一些不涉及科技的事情，说明设空处应与上文形成转折关系。故F项(然而，越来越多的科学家表示，我们需要让自己休息一下)符合语境。
6．解析：选A 下文讲述的是可以学习的新技能。设空处位于段首，起开启下文的作用。故A项(首先，你可以学习一项新技能)符合语境。下文提到的“crafts, cooking, learning a musical instrument or a new sport”等是对新技能的举例说明。
7．解析：选C 上文讲述的是学习新技能的可能性。设空处位于段尾，承接上文所讲。故C项(也许这会在将来带来一个令人兴奋的机会)符合语境，与上文句式相同，and和perhaps是关键词。
8．解析：选E 上文讲述的是户外放松的方式。设空处承接上文，可能推荐不在海滩附近的放松方式。故E项(为什么不去野餐，或者尝试辨认一些当地的野生动物呢？)符合语境，其中“Why not take along”与上文一致。
9．解析：选D 上文讲述可以尝试做一些新的事；下文讲述的是打发时间时可以想一想做些其他的事。设空处位于段中，承上启下。故D项(你可能会让自己惊讶，发现你隐藏的才能)符合语境，hidden talent呼应上文的something new。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2023·邢台期中考试)Youngsters are unwilling to learn ancient skills needed to produce the __1__ (tradition) pens used in calligraphy.In the workshop of the Wang Yipin Brush Pen Store in Huzhou, 29-year-old Shi Wangli brushes goat fur in water with an ox horn comb (牛角梳子) __2__ (select) appropriate hairs to make a Chinese brush pen.
Her hands are immersed (浸泡) in water for at least eight hours a day, in both summer and winter.The selection of the hairs __3__ (be) one of the most important steps of making a quality brush pen and the work cannot __4__ (perform) by a machine.
Shi is the __5__ (young) pen technician in the entire city of Huzhou.These days, few young people are willing to undertake such __6__ difficult job.
Xu Jianfeng, general manager of the store，worries that the thousand-year-old techniques for making the Huzhou brush pens, __7__ no young people are willing to learn，will be lost. “If the Huzhou brush pen dies, an important part of Chinese culture will die with it，” he said.
__8__ (locate) in the north of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou has been home to brush pen-making for thousands of years.In ancient China, an excellent Huzhou brush pen was the representative of social status and was the aspiration of all men of __9__ (letter)．In Chinese history, brush pens served __10__ an essential tool for cultural heritage.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国传统书法所用毛笔的制作技艺濒临失传的危险。
1．traditional 考查形容词。修饰名词pens，应用形容词作定语。
2．to select 考查不定式。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式在句中作目的状语。
3．is 考查时态和主谓一致。陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语The selection of the hairs为单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式。
4．be performed 考查被动语态。情态动词cannot后接动词原形。主语the work与perform之间为被动关系，所以用情态动词的被动语态(cannot be done)。
5．youngest 考查形容词最高级。根据“in the entire city of Huzhou”并结合句意可知，这里应用形容词的最高级形式。
6．a 考查冠词。根据句子结构可知，此处为“such＋a/an＋形容词＋单数可数名词”结构，且形容词difficult以辅音音素开头，故填a。
7．which 考查非限制性定语从句。句中先行词为techniques，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。
8．Located 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语；be located in (位于，坐落于)在句中作状语，所以用过去分词形式，首字母大写。
9．letters 考查复数名词。名词letter为可数名词，根据“of all men”可知，应用名词的复数形式。
10．as 考查介词。serve as 意为“担任，充当”。
Ⅳ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
If you're anything like us, it seems that your stomach starts to grumble (隆隆响) as soon as McDonald's golden arches come into view.The reason behind that isn't the mouth-watering taste of their delicious fries — this is how they get them to taste so good by the way — it's actually psychological, and it has to do with the colors of their logo.
The colors red and yellow were chosen for a specific reason, and it wasn't because they looked nice with Ronald McDonald's clown-like face.It actually has to do with science.The color red is stimulating and is associated with being active.It also increases heart rate, which helps to jumpstart your appetite.The color yellow is associated with happiness and is the most visible color in daylight, so that's why a McDonald's sign is so easy to spot on a crowded road.
The brain processes color before it processes words or shapes, so that's why the fast-food chain chose these two colors for their logo and brand.Red and yellow makes you hungry, encouraging you to want to buy the product they sell, while also making you feel happy.
McDonald's has started to use this color philosophy to influence and change the way people currently think about their brand as well.Many franchises (授权经销商) in Europe have started to incorporate more of the color green into their storefronts and interior design because it's associated with nature and being environmentally friendly, something McDonald's has been criticized for not being in the past.The company has been working to become greener by using environmentally friendly refrigeration and converting used oil into biodiesel (生物柴油) fuel.
参考范文：
The reason why people can't resist the temptation of McDonald's is psychologically connected with colors of the logo.(要点1)Yellow and red were chosen to help increase people's appetite and make the store sign easy to spot.(要点2) Another reason is that the human brain processes color before words or shapes.(要点3) Nowadays McDonald's takes advantage of the color philosophy to become more environmentally friendly by incorporating more green color into their store design.(要点4)
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①prevent □ ②decline □
③reduce □ ④replacement □
⑤natural □ ⑥disappointment □
⑦atmosphere □ ⑧challenging □
⑨environment-friendly □ ⑩recycle □
harmony □ species □
conservation □ unbearable □
unbelievable □ catastrophe □
widespread □ circumstance □
alternative □ absorb □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
decline, environment-friendly, reduce, recycle, prevent, widespread, species, atmosphere, alternative
1．Carbon dioxide prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the Earth is becoming warmer.
2．There is a great deal of evidence indicating that listening to soft music can reduce stress.
3．The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
4．Fashion isn't very environment-friendly because it makes people buy things they don't need.
5．It is well-known that the giant panda has become an endangered species.
6．Denmark recycles nearly 85% of its paper.
7．There has been a sharp decline in profits this year.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The country wants to play an active role in the prevention (prevent) of violent conflict.
2．To our disappointment (disappoint), it turned out that the button didn't work any more.
3．The surrounding villages have_been_absorbed (absorb) by the growing city in the last ten years.
4．When the artificial flowers are contrasted with natural (nature) ones, you can hardly tell the difference.
5．Challenging (challenge) as the task is, we are confident that we will succeed sooner or later.
6．The conversation was carried on in a harmonious (harmony) and friendly atmosphere.
7．It was unbearable (bearable) to see the sorrowful eyes of the mourning people.6 / 6
Section Ⅰ 课时作业
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·雅礼十六校联考)In 2016, in an Illinois town called Cahokia, a woman was sent to prison just because she failed to tend her lawn (草坪)．In 2019, a Florida man was fined $30,000 by the city of Dunedin for allowing his grass to grow more than 10 inches in height.These examples, while extreme, are not rare occurrence in America.
A study estimated that turf grasses (lawns, parks, athletic fields, etc.) cover over 40 million acres in the continental US, an area larger than any crop area.And Americans spend as much as $60 billion a year maintaining these grasses.These impressive data are the result of Americans' setting_much_store by these pieces of greenery for several centuries.
Centuries ago, only those with considerable wealth could own the resources needed to maintain these displays.In the modern world, lawns have gradually changed from the estates of the wealthy to the front yards of common people.Across America, millions of families now proudly present their grass to their neighbors and drivers by carefully weeding, watering, fertilizing and mowing these small-scale representations of the grounds.
With this context in mind, it's easy to see well-tended lawns in America.People tend to use lawns to create an impression of order or to indicate a sense of personal success.The health and attractiveness of the grass in their yard becomes a barometer (晴雨表) for their life as whole.
However, with so many acres covered by the grass, the influence associated with lawn maintenance is more than just psychological.To begin, a lawn requires massive quantities of resources to sustain.The US Department of Agriculture estimates that lawns account for about half of homeowner's water use, much of which is wasted.Additionally, Americans are reported to use 80 million pounds of chemicals on their lawns each year.The process of tending the lawn also contributes to air pollution.
These surprising data mean we need to question whether lawns provide us with enough benefit to justify their widespread existence.
1．Why are the two lawn-related cases mentioned in the first paragraph
A．To explain the effectiveness of American laws.
B．To show the significance of lawns in American society.
C．To stress Americans' awareness of environmental protection.
D．To reveal the cost of maintaining lawns in Americans' daily life.
2．What does the underlined part in the second paragraph mean
A．Making full use of.
B．Facing the consequence of.
C．Attaching great importance to.
D．Shouldering the responsibility for.
3．Why do Americans have a preference for well-tended lawns
A．Because of the psychological function of lawns.
B．Because of the popularity of lawns in Americans' life.
C．Because of the purpose of placing barometers in lawns.
D．Because of the method of planting healthy and attractive lawns.
4．What can we know about the lawns in the US according to the passage
A．They will be expanded to cover more lands.
B．They are of significant environmental concerns.
C．They will motivate people to be health-conscious.
D．They can promote the development of the chemical industry.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Take a Break from Technology
In today's world we are constantly surrounded by technology.It's true to say that technology makes our lives easier. __5__ Otherwise we put ourselves at risk of developing hundreds of health problems.Over the summer the days are longer, sunnier and free from school.With all this free time, why not put it to good use and do something that doesn't involve technology
__6__ There are hundreds of possibilities: crafts, cooking, learning a musical instrument or a new sport.Maybe you've always wanted to try out that recipe, but haven't had time Perhaps you fancy learning how to knit, so you can have a new sweater for the autumn You could use your free time to learn something new.__7__
If you just fancy relaxing, why not head to a beach Take along your favourite book and relax on the sand or go for a walk along the coastline (just make sure you're aware of the tides！)．If you don't live near a beach, you could go to your local park.__8__
Whatever you choose to do with your summer, try something new! __9__ Also, you might make new friends along the way.Next time you find yourself aimlessly channel-hopping, have a think at what else you could spend your time doing.
A．To start with, you could learn a new skill.
B．Technology has become an important part of our lives.
C．And perhaps it'll lead to an exciting opportunity in the future.
D．You might surprise yourself and find a hidden talent within you.
E．Why not take along a picnic, or try and identify some of the local wildlife
F．However, increasingly scientists are saying that we need to give ourselves a break.
G．In our increasingly technology-driven world, have we become addicted to technology
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2023·邢台期中考试)Youngsters are unwilling to learn ancient skills needed to produce the __1__ (tradition) pens used in calligraphy.In the workshop of the Wang Yipin Brush Pen Store in Huzhou, 29-year-old Shi Wangli brushes goat fur in water with an ox horn comb (牛角梳子) __2__ (select) appropriate hairs to make a Chinese brush pen.
Her hands are immersed (浸泡) in water for at least eight hours a day, in both summer and winter.The selection of the hairs __3__ (be) one of the most important steps of making a quality brush pen and the work cannot __4__ (perform) by a machine.
Shi is the __5__ (young) pen technician in the entire city of Huzhou.These days, few young people are willing to undertake such __6__ difficult job.
Xu Jianfeng, general manager of the store，worries that the thousand-year-old techniques for making the Huzhou brush pens, __7__ no young people are willing to learn，will be lost. “If the Huzhou brush pen dies, an important part of Chinese culture will die with it，” he said.
__8__ (locate) in the north of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou has been home to brush pen-making for thousands of years.In ancient China, an excellent Huzhou brush pen was the representative of social status and was the aspiration of all men of __9__ (letter)．In Chinese history, brush pens served __10__ an essential tool for cultural heritage.
Ⅳ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
If you're anything like us, it seems that your stomach starts to grumble (隆隆响) as soon as McDonald's golden arches come into view.The reason behind that isn't the mouth-watering taste of their delicious fries — this is how they get them to taste so good by the way — it's actually psychological, and it has to do with the colors of their logo.
The colors red and yellow were chosen for a specific reason, and it wasn't because they looked nice with Ronald McDonald's clown-like face.It actually has to do with science.The color red is stimulating and is associated with being active.It also increases heart rate, which helps to jumpstart your appetite.The color yellow is associated with happiness and is the most visible color in daylight, so that's why a McDonald's sign is so easy to spot on a crowded road.
The brain processes color before it processes words or shapes, so that's why the fast-food chain chose these two colors for their logo and brand.Red and yellow makes you hungry, encouraging you to want to buy the product they sell, while also making you feel happy.
McDonald's has started to use this color philosophy to influence and change the way people currently think about their brand as well.Many franchises (授权经销商) in Europe have started to incorporate more of the color green into their storefronts and interior design because it's associated with nature and being environmentally friendly, something McDonald's has been criticized for not being in the past.The company has been working to become greener by using environmentally friendly refrigeration and converting used oil into biodiesel (生物柴油) fuel.
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①prevent □ ②decline □
③reduce □ ④replacement □
⑤natural □ ⑥disappointment □
⑦atmosphere □ ⑧challenging □
⑨environment-friendly □ ⑩recycle □
harmony □ species □
conservation □ unbearable □
unbelievable □ catastrophe □
widespread □ circumstance □
alternative □ absorb □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
decline, environment-friendly, reduce, recycle, prevent, widespread, species, atmosphere, alternative
1．Carbon dioxide ______ heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the Earth is becoming warmer.
2．There is a great deal of evidence indicating that listening to soft music can ______ stress.
3．The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the ______.
4．Fashion isn't very ______ because it makes people buy things they don't need.
5．It is well-known that the giant panda has become an endangered ______.
6．Denmark ______ nearly 85% of its paper.
7．There has been a sharp ______ in profits this year.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The country wants to play an active role in the ______ (prevent) of violent conflict.
2．To our ______ (disappoint), it turned out that the button didn't work any more.
3．The surrounding villages ____________________ (absorb) by the growing city in the last ten years.
4．When the artificial flowers are contrasted with ______ (nature) ones, you can hardly tell the difference.
5．______ (challenge) as the task is, we are confident that we will succeed sooner or later.
6．The conversation was carried on in a ______ (harmony) and friendly atmosphere.
7．It was ______ (bearable) to see the sorrowful eyes of the mourning people.5 / 5
Section Ⅱ 课时作业
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·长沙模拟)More than 45,000 years ago, by the shore of present-day Tasmania, a local person picked up a large piece of thick，dark brown seaweed.And he realized that this giant piece of seaweed could be used to make a watertight bag.And 45,000 years later in mainland Australia, people are again turning to seaweed to solve pressing problems.Today, it is used to address the world's climate crisis.
Winberg, a marine ecologist at the University of Wollongong, has spent decades studying seaweed.She believes seaweed's fast growth rate and ability to absorb vast amounts of carbon dioxide can help fight climate change, deacidify (降低酸度) the ocean, and change the way we farm, not only in the ocean but also on land.
“If we used the infrastructure we have in the ocean and created seaweed islands, we would actually get rid of many climate change issues we have today，” says Winberg.Realizing seaweed's potential as a climate solution, Winberg opened Australia's first land-based, commercial seaweed farm in 2013.On her farm in New South Wales, Winberg produces seaweed extracts (提取物) that are used in food, cosmetics and medicines.
Like plants on land, seaweed absorbs CO2 and grows biomass (生物量)．Coastal marine systems can absorb carbon at rates up to 50 times greater than forests on land, according to Emily Pidgeon, senior director of strategic marine initiatives at Conservation International.Globally，seaweed is thought to absorb nearly 200 million tons of CO2 every year — as much as New York State's annual emissions.And when seaweed dies, much of the carbon locked up in its tissues is transported to the deep ocean.
By raising pH levels in the ocean, seaweed also improves growing conditions for shellfish such as oysters and mussels，whose shells become more fragile (脆弱的) in acidic environments.
The potential for seaweed cultivation doesn't stop in the ocean.Winberg has found there are benefits of doing it on land too.She believes that seaweed farming offers “huge potential” to not only address the climate crisis，but also feed a growing population in a sustainable way.According to Winberg, one hectare (公顷) of a seaweed farm can produce more protein than the same amount of land used for cattle.“We're sitting on undiscovered，renewable, sustainable resources，” she says.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了45 000多年前，人类发现海藻可以用来做防水袋，现在人们可以用海藻来解决世界气候危机。
1．What is mainly introduced about seaweed in Paragraph 1
A．Its use. B．Its history.
C．Its origin. D．Its appearance.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，45 000 多年前，人类发现了海藻可以用来做防水袋。如今它被用来解决世界气候危机。由此可知，该段主要介绍了海藻的用途。
2．Why is seaweed spoken highly of according to the text
A．It lowers the ocean temperature directly.
B．It contributes to shellfish's growing speed.
C．It produces the same amount of protein as cattle.
D．It grows fast and can absorb carbon at a high rate.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She believes ... fight climate change”以及第四段内容可知，海藻生长迅速，并且能以很快的速度吸收碳。
3．What is Winberg's attitude towards seaweed
A．Unclear. B．Favourable.
C．Critical. D．Doubtful.
解析：选B 观点态度题。根据第二段中的“She believes ...but also on land.”，第三段中的“If we used ...says Winberg.”和最后一段中的“She believes ...a sustainable way.”可知，Winberg对海藻持支持态度。
4．What is the best title for the text
A．CO2, a Killer of Climate Change
B．Pollution, the World's Climate Crisis
C．Seaweed, a Potential Climate Solution
D．Infrastructure, a Way of Eliminating Climate Issues
解析：选C 标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段最后一句可知，本文主要介绍了海藻可以用来解决世界气候危机，故C项适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Seven years earlier, I stood at the golden gate of retirement.As I __5__what I would do next, I recalled a volunteer role called “baby cuddler” in the NICU at one of the local hospitals.I had long __6__ to be one but just never had the time.I had always loved the __7__ environment, both in work and volunteer settings. Wanting to be a nurse when I was younger but never realizing the dream only helped fuel my__8__.
As a brand-new volunteer, I started out a little on the __9__ side, and it showed.My first day __10__， I forgot where the sinks were for hand washing — and I walked right past them.If a baby I held cried, I would just rock faster.I__11__ every nursery rhyme I could remember, and the babies __12__ me by crying louder.
I thought back to my earliest baby-holding days when I was only six years old and__13__ my first little nephew. I was excited to be trusted.By age twenty, I had nine nieces and nephews.I've had a lot of __14__ in holding babies.And it seemed to __15__. The baby might sense my confidence, quickly__16__ and fell asleep.
Gone are my nerve-filled, __17__ days as a new volunteer.I am now frequently asked to have a new volunteer shadow me as I work.I am happy to share all I have learned.I openly share my__18__， hoping them not to do what I did.And I also share the joys, telling them this is the perfect volunteer job for me.I__19__ love volunteering here!
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者快要退休时去医院做志愿者，做婴儿拥抱者的个人经历以及体会。
5．A.realized B．wondered
C．concluded D．doubted
解析：选B 根据后文“what I would do next”可知，作者想知道自己接下来要做什么。
6．A.hated B．demanded
C．desired D．feared
解析：选C 根据后文“to be one but just never had the time”可知，作者一直渴望成为一名婴儿拥抱者，但一直没有时间。
7．A.education B．growth
C．healthcare D．production
解析：选C 结合上文可知，作者想要在医院里当婴儿拥抱者，可见是喜欢医疗环境。healthcare“医疗保健”。
8．A.ambition B．kindness
C．pride D．enthusiasm
解析：选D 根据上文“but never realizing the dream only helped fuel my ________”可知，未实现的梦想助长了作者这么做的热情。enthusiasm“热情”。
9．A.curious B．romantic
C．nervous D．patient
解析：选C 根据上文“As a brand-new volunteer”可知，作者一开始有点紧张。
10．A.on duty B．at present
C．in hospital D．online
解析：选A 此处指作者开始作为志愿者在医院里值班。on duty“值班”。
11．A.wrote B．sang
C．recorded D．taught
解析：选B 根据后文“every nursery rhyme I could remember”可知，此处指唱儿歌，应用sing。
12．A.reminded B．rewarded
C．supported D．urged
解析：选B 根据后文“by crying louder”可知，作者唱歌安慰婴儿，孩子们就以哭得更大声来“回报”作者。
13．A.held B．raised
C．protected D．trained
解析：选A 根据上文“I thought back to my earliest baby-holding days”可知，此处指作者抱着(hold)自己的侄子。
14．A.service B．data
C．experience D．belief
解析：选C 根据上文“By age twenty, I had nine nieces and nephews.”可知，作者抱孩子的经验(experience)丰富。
15．A.fail B．begin
C．happen D．work
解析：选D 根据后文婴儿安定下来睡着了可知，作者的这些经验起作用(work)了。
16．A.gave up B．turned around
C．kept on D．settled down
解析：选D 根据后文“and fell asleep”可知，婴儿不再哭闹，安定下来睡着了。settle down“安定”。
17．A.comfortable B．forgetful
C．relaxing D．peaceful
解析：选B 此处呼应上文“I forgot where the sinks were for hand washing”，指作者当志愿者时健忘。forgetful“健忘的”。
18．A.shortcomings B．adventures
C．intentions D．expectations
解析：选A 根据后文“hoping them not to do what I did” 可知，作者希望他们不要重蹈覆辙，说明分享的是缺点。
19．A.initially B．randomly
C．constantly D．absolutely
解析：选D 根据上文“telling them this is the perfect volunteer job for me”可知，作者很喜欢在这里当志愿者。absolutely“绝对地，极其”。
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①pollution □ ②radiation □
③rubbish □ ④litter □
⑤damage □ ⑥smelly □
⑦disappearance □ ⑧destruction □
⑨environment □ ⑩expectation □
endangered □ forbid □
protect □ punish □
severe □ surroundings □
emission □ haze □
noisy □ consume □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Waste water from the factory is the main cause of pollution (pollute)．
2．The soldier who disobeyed the commander has been severely (severe) punished.
3．It will cause the destruction (destroy) of our seas and oceans.
4．Please give him lots of love instead of high expectations (expect); otherwise he will be loaded with great pressure.
5．He's devoted his whole life to the protection (protect) of the rare animals.
6．A good judge will try to make the punishment (punish) fit the crime.
7．Everyone should realize the importance of wildlife protection, because some animals are endangered (endanger)．
Ⅱ.写出下列句中加蓝部分的汉语意思
1．The news of the radiation leak caused widespread public alarm.辐射
2．Don't leave any rubbish, and don't forget that the ecology of Antarctica is very delicate.垃圾
3．Our teacher told us not to drop litter carelessly anywhere.垃圾
4．Once the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.损害
5．The once beautiful rivers have turned into smelly and dirty dustbins.难闻的5 / 5
Section Ⅱ 课时作业
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·长沙模拟)More than 45,000 years ago, by the shore of present-day Tasmania, a local person picked up a large piece of thick，dark brown seaweed.And he realized that this giant piece of seaweed could be used to make a watertight bag.And 45,000 years later in mainland Australia, people are again turning to seaweed to solve pressing problems.Today, it is used to address the world's climate crisis.
Winberg, a marine ecologist at the University of Wollongong, has spent decades studying seaweed.She believes seaweed's fast growth rate and ability to absorb vast amounts of carbon dioxide can help fight climate change, deacidify (降低酸度) the ocean, and change the way we farm, not only in the ocean but also on land.
“If we used the infrastructure we have in the ocean and created seaweed islands, we would actually get rid of many climate change issues we have today，” says Winberg.Realizing seaweed's potential as a climate solution, Winberg opened Australia's first land-based, commercial seaweed farm in 2013.On her farm in New South Wales, Winberg produces seaweed extracts (提取物) that are used in food, cosmetics and medicines.
Like plants on land, seaweed absorbs CO2 and grows biomass (生物量)．Coastal marine systems can absorb carbon at rates up to 50 times greater than forests on land, according to Emily Pidgeon, senior director of strategic marine initiatives at Conservation International.Globally，seaweed is thought to absorb nearly 200 million tons of CO2 every year — as much as New York State's annual emissions.And when seaweed dies, much of the carbon locked up in its tissues is transported to the deep ocean.
By raising pH levels in the ocean, seaweed also improves growing conditions for shellfish such as oysters and mussels，whose shells become more fragile (脆弱的) in acidic environments.
The potential for seaweed cultivation doesn't stop in the ocean.Winberg has found there are benefits of doing it on land too.She believes that seaweed farming offers “huge potential” to not only address the climate crisis，but also feed a growing population in a sustainable way.According to Winberg, one hectare (公顷) of a seaweed farm can produce more protein than the same amount of land used for cattle.“We're sitting on undiscovered，renewable, sustainable resources，” she says.
1．What is mainly introduced about seaweed in Paragraph 1
A．Its use. B．Its history.
C．Its origin. D．Its appearance.
2．Why is seaweed spoken highly of according to the text
A．It lowers the ocean temperature directly.
B．It contributes to shellfish's growing speed.
C．It produces the same amount of protein as cattle.
D．It grows fast and can absorb carbon at a high rate.
3．What is Winberg's attitude towards seaweed
A．Unclear. B．Favourable.
C．Critical. D．Doubtful.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．CO2, a Killer of Climate Change
B．Pollution, the World's Climate Crisis
C．Seaweed, a Potential Climate Solution
D．Infrastructure, a Way of Eliminating Climate Issues
Ⅱ.完形填空
Seven years earlier, I stood at the golden gate of retirement.As I __5__what I would do next, I recalled a volunteer role called “baby cuddler” in the NICU at one of the local hospitals.I had long __6__ to be one but just never had the time.I had always loved the __7__ environment, both in work and volunteer settings. Wanting to be a nurse when I was younger but never realizing the dream only helped fuel my__8__.
As a brand-new volunteer, I started out a little on the __9__ side, and it showed.My first day __10__， I forgot where the sinks were for hand washing — and I walked right past them.If a baby I held cried, I would just rock faster.I__11__ every nursery rhyme I could remember, and the babies __12__ me by crying louder.
I thought back to my earliest baby-holding days when I was only six years old and__13__ my first little nephew. I was excited to be trusted.By age twenty, I had nine nieces and nephews.I've had a lot of __14__ in holding babies.And it seemed to __15__. The baby might sense my confidence, quickly__16__ and fell asleep.
Gone are my nerve-filled, __17__ days as a new volunteer.I am now frequently asked to have a new volunteer shadow me as I work.I am happy to share all I have learned.I openly share my__18__， hoping them not to do what I did.And I also share the joys, telling them this is the perfect volunteer job for me.I__19__ love volunteering here!
5．A.realized B．wondered
C．concluded D．doubted
6．A.hated B．demanded
C．desired D．feared
7．A.education B．growth
C．healthcare D．production
8．A.ambition B．kindness
C．pride D．enthusiasm
9．A.curious B．romantic
C．nervous D．patient
10．A.on duty B．at present
C．in hospital D．online
11．A.wrote B．sang
C．recorded D．taught
12．A.reminded B．rewarded
C．supported D．urged
13．A.held B．raised
C．protected D．trained
14．A.service B．data
C．experience D．belief
15．A.fail B．begin
C．happen D．work
16．A.gave up B．turned around
C．kept on D．settled down
17．A.comfortable B．forgetful
C．relaxing D．peaceful
18．A.shortcomings B．adventures
C．intentions D．expectations
19．A.initially B．randomly
C．constantly D．absolutely
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①pollution □ ②radiation □
③rubbish □ ④litter □
⑤damage □ ⑥smelly □
⑦disappearance □ ⑧destruction □
⑨environment □ ⑩expectation □
endangered □ forbid □
protect □ punish □
severe □ surroundings □
emission □ haze □
noisy □ consume □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Waste water from the factory is the main cause of ______ (pollute)．
2．The soldier who disobeyed the commander has been ______ (severe) punished.
3．It will cause the ______ (destroy) of our seas and oceans.
4．Please give him lots of love instead of high ______ (expect); otherwise he will be loaded with great pressure.
5．He's devoted his whole life to the ______ (protect) of the rare animals.
6．A good judge will try to make the ______ (punish) fit the crime.
7．Everyone should realize the importance of wildlife protection, because some animals are ______ (endanger)．
Ⅱ.写出下列句中加蓝部分的汉语意思
1．The news of the radiation leak caused widespread public alarm.______
2．Don't leave any rubbish, and don't forget that the ecology of Antarctica is very delicate.______
3．Our teacher told us not to drop litter carelessly anywhere.______
4．Once the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.______
5．The once beautiful rivers have turned into smelly and dirty dustbins.______
