2024届高考英语一轮复习定语从句课件(共12张PPT)
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024届高考英语一轮复习定语从句课件(共12张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 680.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-07-23 16:29:09 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
(共12张PPT)
2024高考一轮复习
定语从句
1. 定语从句是怎么来的？
我正在读报纸。报纸上有重要新闻。
简单句：I am reading the newspaper. The newspaper carries the important news.
定语从句：I am reading the newspaper that/which carries the important news.
我正在读上面有重要新闻的报纸。
由一个句子来做定语修饰前方的名词，这个句子就叫做定语从句，被定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词，用来连接两句话的词叫关系词。
关系词分两类
关系代词：that、which，who，whom，whose，as
关系副词：when，where，why
2. 定语从句的基本结构
（1）: 先行词 +关系代词+ 陈述句
who 【先行词为人。在从句中做主语、宾语】whom 【先行词为人。在从句中做宾语】
that 【先行词为物/人。在从句中做主语、宾语】 which 【先行词为物。在从句中做主语、宾语。】
我希望找到一个朋友。他能够与我写信。
I want to find a friend. He can write letters to me.= I want to find a friend who can write letters to me.
I want to find a friend. I can write letters to him.= I want to find a friend whom I can write letters to. = I want to find a friend to whom I can write letters.
旅游者们赞扬青岛人。他们是热心肠的。
Tourists speak highly of people in Qingdao. They are warm-hearted.= Tourists speak highly of people in Qingdao，who are warm-hearted.
旅游者们赞扬青岛人。他们中的大多数是热心肠的。
Tourists speak highly of people in Qingdao. Most of them are warm-hearted.= Tourists speak highly of people in Qingdao，most of whom are warm-hearted.
如何写定语从句？
找到两句话的重叠部分，把后一句重叠部分用关系代词取代
注意：先行词是物时，下列情况只用that不用which：
①先行词是all，something，everything，anything，nothing，little，much，few等不定代词；
②先行词被all，any，every，no，little，much，some等词修饰；
③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词；
④先行词被the only，the very(正是，恰是)，the last修饰；
⑤先行词中既有人也有物；
The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.
This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.
John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.
that
that
that
（2） 先行词是一个地方词（可以是具体的地点，Beijing, school, museum, centre等，也可以是抽象的地点，area，point, case, situation, stage, position等）+ where(状语) + 陈述句
【其中where在定语从句中做地点状语，相当于 at/on/in +which】
Tell me the place ________ the accident happened yesterday.
We can travel to places _________would have taken our ancestors days to reach.
(2018江苏) Self-driving is an area _______China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
We’re just trying to reach a point _________ both sides will sit down together and talk.
Remember that there is still one point _______ we must make clear tomorrow.
Today, we’ll discuss some cases _____ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
He wrote a letter __________ he explained what had happened in the accident.
先行词是一个时间词（可以是具体时间名词 day, month, year等，还可以是抽象词，如age, stay, occasion等）+ when(状语) + 陈述句 【其中when在定语从句中做时间状语，相当于at/on/in +which】
People are living in an age ________many jobs are done on computer.
I will never forget the months ________I spent with my cousin in Beijing.
The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
She’ll never forget her stay there ____ she found her son who went missing two years before.
where
that
where
where
that
where
where
when
that
when
when
先行词是reason + why(原因状语) +陈述句【其中why在定语从句中做原因状语，相当于for +which】
The reason _________Jim failed to come was that he was seriously ill.
(3). 先行词（物/人) + whose + 名词 …= the +名词+of whom/which；whose: 某人的/某物的
西安是一座著名的城市。西安历史悠久。
Xi’an is a famous city. Its history is long.=Xi’an is a famous city whose history is long
【2018天津】Kae, _________sister I shared a room with, has gone to work in Australia.
(2017江苏)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
He lives in the room, ________ window faces the south= He lives in the room, the window ___ _____faces the south.
This is Mr Green, with ___________ help I’ve made great progress in English.
（4）. 先行词(人) + 介词 + whom + 陈述句
先行词(物) + 介词 + which + 陈述句
(2020江苏) Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free.
This is the pilot with _________ my brother has worked for ten years.
why
whose
whose
whose
of which
whose
which
whom
3. 关系代词as和which引导非限制性定语从句
①as作关系代词用来引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”as常用在下列习惯用语中：
as (it) often happens，as I remember，as is often the case，as is expected，as is known to us，as is shown等。
② which引导非限制性定语从句代指前面整句话内容，只能位于句末。
(2018北京)She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.
4. way后接定语从句
在定语从句中，the way在从句中充当方式状语时，其后的关系词可以是in which，that或省略；但是当它在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分时，其后的关系词就用that或which。
①What surprised me was not what he said but the way__________ he said it.
②The way_________he explained to us was quite simple.
which
In which
That/which
5. 定语从句在高考写作中的应用
① I see many running creatures. They are made of metal and glass. Their feet are round. They have four eyes. Two of the four eyes are red.
②Jack is from Canada. He has studied in our school for three years. He often helps us learn English. He speaks Chinese very well.
③这部电影主要讲述我们学校的发展，将于6月17日下午2∶00到4∶00在校报告厅放映。
The movie，which is about the development of our school，will be shown in the school hall from 2∶00 to 4∶00 in the afternoon on June 17th.
课堂检测
1.（2023·全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place _________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
2. [2021·浙江1月]They’re the only thing _______ looks like human language in that respect.
3.[2019·上海卷]The baby turtles emerge from the eggs after 45 days, then the babies grow without their mother, _______ is a rare phenomenon in nature.
4.[2019·上海卷]For more information about our program, please visit our website, or contact our Undergraduate Chair, ________ information is listed above.
5.（2023·全国甲卷）There was once a town in the heart of America, ________all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings.
6. 【2016·全国新课标I】But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _____ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
7.【2021·天津3月高考】William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from ________ we can learn without repeating them.
That/which
that
which
whose
where
when
which
8.（2021·天津红桥区·高三一模）Learning another language is like stepping out of a door, through________I can look back and see more clearly my own language.
9.（2023·全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ______Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.
10.（2023·江苏省无锡市）If everyone on your team is working different hours, you may be getting emails and messages at all hours of the day, night or weekend, _______can create an always available, or "always-on”environment.
11. (2022全国甲) On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
12. (2022新高考I) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
13. (2021天津) William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from ________ we can learn without repeating them.
14. (2021天津) At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.
15. (2020全国Ⅲ) In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almost lifelike.
which
which
which
who
that
which
where
whose
2024高考一轮复习
定语从句
1. 定语从句是怎么来的？
我正在读报纸。报纸上有重要新闻。
简单句：I am reading the newspaper. The newspaper carries the important news.
定语从句：I am reading the newspaper that/which carries the important news.
我正在读上面有重要新闻的报纸。
由一个句子来做定语修饰前方的名词，这个句子就叫做定语从句，被定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词，用来连接两句话的词叫关系词。
关系词分两类
关系代词：that、which，who，whom，whose，as
关系副词：when，where，why
2. 定语从句的基本结构
（1）: 先行词 +关系代词+ 陈述句
who 【先行词为人。在从句中做主语、宾语】whom 【先行词为人。在从句中做宾语】
that 【先行词为物/人。在从句中做主语、宾语】 which 【先行词为物。在从句中做主语、宾语。】
我希望找到一个朋友。他能够与我写信。
I want to find a friend. He can write letters to me.= I want to find a friend who can write letters to me.
I want to find a friend. I can write letters to him.= I want to find a friend whom I can write letters to. = I want to find a friend to whom I can write letters.
旅游者们赞扬青岛人。他们是热心肠的。
Tourists speak highly of people in Qingdao. They are warm-hearted.= Tourists speak highly of people in Qingdao，who are warm-hearted.
旅游者们赞扬青岛人。他们中的大多数是热心肠的。
Tourists speak highly of people in Qingdao. Most of them are warm-hearted.= Tourists speak highly of people in Qingdao，most of whom are warm-hearted.
如何写定语从句？
找到两句话的重叠部分，把后一句重叠部分用关系代词取代
注意：先行词是物时，下列情况只用that不用which：
①先行词是all，something，everything，anything，nothing，little，much，few等不定代词；
②先行词被all，any，every，no，little，much，some等词修饰；
③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词；
④先行词被the only，the very(正是，恰是)，the last修饰；
⑤先行词中既有人也有物；
The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.
This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.
John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.
that
that
that
（2） 先行词是一个地方词（可以是具体的地点，Beijing, school, museum, centre等，也可以是抽象的地点，area，point, case, situation, stage, position等）+ where(状语) + 陈述句
【其中where在定语从句中做地点状语，相当于 at/on/in +which】
Tell me the place ________ the accident happened yesterday.
We can travel to places _________would have taken our ancestors days to reach.
(2018江苏) Self-driving is an area _______China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
We’re just trying to reach a point _________ both sides will sit down together and talk.
Remember that there is still one point _______ we must make clear tomorrow.
Today, we’ll discuss some cases _____ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
He wrote a letter __________ he explained what had happened in the accident.
先行词是一个时间词（可以是具体时间名词 day, month, year等，还可以是抽象词，如age, stay, occasion等）+ when(状语) + 陈述句 【其中when在定语从句中做时间状语，相当于at/on/in +which】
People are living in an age ________many jobs are done on computer.
I will never forget the months ________I spent with my cousin in Beijing.
The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
She’ll never forget her stay there ____ she found her son who went missing two years before.
where
that
where
where
that
where
where
when
that
when
when
先行词是reason + why(原因状语) +陈述句【其中why在定语从句中做原因状语，相当于for +which】
The reason _________Jim failed to come was that he was seriously ill.
(3). 先行词（物/人) + whose + 名词 …= the +名词+of whom/which；whose: 某人的/某物的
西安是一座著名的城市。西安历史悠久。
Xi’an is a famous city. Its history is long.=Xi’an is a famous city whose history is long
【2018天津】Kae, _________sister I shared a room with, has gone to work in Australia.
(2017江苏)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
He lives in the room, ________ window faces the south= He lives in the room, the window ___ _____faces the south.
This is Mr Green, with ___________ help I’ve made great progress in English.
（4）. 先行词(人) + 介词 + whom + 陈述句
先行词(物) + 介词 + which + 陈述句
(2020江苏) Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free.
This is the pilot with _________ my brother has worked for ten years.
why
whose
whose
whose
of which
whose
which
whom
3. 关系代词as和which引导非限制性定语从句
①as作关系代词用来引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”as常用在下列习惯用语中：
as (it) often happens，as I remember，as is often the case，as is expected，as is known to us，as is shown等。
② which引导非限制性定语从句代指前面整句话内容，只能位于句末。
(2018北京)She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.
4. way后接定语从句
在定语从句中，the way在从句中充当方式状语时，其后的关系词可以是in which，that或省略；但是当它在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分时，其后的关系词就用that或which。
①What surprised me was not what he said but the way__________ he said it.
②The way_________he explained to us was quite simple.
which
In which
That/which
5. 定语从句在高考写作中的应用
① I see many running creatures. They are made of metal and glass. Their feet are round. They have four eyes. Two of the four eyes are red.
②Jack is from Canada. He has studied in our school for three years. He often helps us learn English. He speaks Chinese very well.
③这部电影主要讲述我们学校的发展，将于6月17日下午2∶00到4∶00在校报告厅放映。
The movie，which is about the development of our school，will be shown in the school hall from 2∶00 to 4∶00 in the afternoon on June 17th.
课堂检测
1.（2023·全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place _________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
2. [2021·浙江1月]They’re the only thing _______ looks like human language in that respect.
3.[2019·上海卷]The baby turtles emerge from the eggs after 45 days, then the babies grow without their mother, _______ is a rare phenomenon in nature.
4.[2019·上海卷]For more information about our program, please visit our website, or contact our Undergraduate Chair, ________ information is listed above.
5.（2023·全国甲卷）There was once a town in the heart of America, ________all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings.
6. 【2016·全国新课标I】But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _____ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
7.【2021·天津3月高考】William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from ________ we can learn without repeating them.
That/which
that
which
whose
where
when
which
8.（2021·天津红桥区·高三一模）Learning another language is like stepping out of a door, through________I can look back and see more clearly my own language.
9.（2023·全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ______Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.
10.（2023·江苏省无锡市）If everyone on your team is working different hours, you may be getting emails and messages at all hours of the day, night or weekend, _______can create an always available, or "always-on”environment.
11. (2022全国甲) On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
12. (2022新高考I) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
13. (2021天津) William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from ________ we can learn without repeating them.
14. (2021天津) At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.
15. (2020全国Ⅲ) In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almost lifelike.
which
which
which
who
that
which
where
whose