河北省唐山市开滦第二高级中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（含解析，无听力部分）
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| 名称 | 河北省唐山市开滦第二高级中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（含解析，无听力部分） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-07-23 17:39:23 | ||
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开滦第二高级中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试
英语
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Writer’s Digest Annual Writing Competition
Writer’s Digest has been shining a spotlight on up and coming writers in all genres (体裁) through its Annual Writing Competition for more than 80 years. Enter our 89th Annual Writing Competition for your chance to win and have your work be seen by editors and agents!
Prizes
·One Grand Prize winner will receive:
$5.000 in cash and an interview with them in Writer's Digest (Nov/ Dec 2022 issue) and on Writers . A paid trip to the Writer’s Digest Annual Conference, including special recognition at the keynote.
·All top winners will receive:
Their names and the title of their winning piece listed in Writer’s Digest and on Writers
A one-year subscription (new or renewal) to Writer’s Digest magazine
A one year subscription to Writer’s Digest Tutorials
20% discount off of purchases made at Writer’s Digest University
Pricing and Deadlines
·Early-Bird Deadline: May 6, 2022
Poetry entry — $20 for the first entry; $15 for each additional poetry entry.
Manuscript entry — $ 30 for the first entry; $25 for each additional manuscript entry.
·Regular Deadline: June 6 2022
Poetry entry — $ 25 for the first entry; $20 for each additional poetry entry.
Manuscript entry — $35 for the first entry; $30 for each additional manuscript entry.
Preparing your entry
·Please submit text only; illustrations are not accepted.
·Cover pages are optional; titles are not requested or necessary.
·Word counts are not to include entry title.
·Accepted file formal: pdf. Do not attach zipped files, or documents stored on the web.
How to Enter
Create your free Submittable account by clicking the SUBMIT button. If you already have a Submittable account, simply log in!
1. What will all top winners receive
A. Their winning piece published in Writer’s Digest.
B A paid trip to the Writer’s Digest Annual Conference.
C. Free permenant subscription to Writer’s Digest magazine.
D. Purchases at a 20% discount at Writer’s Digest University.
2. If someone submits two manuscript entries on May 22nd, how much should he pay
A. $65. B. $55. C. $45. D. $35
3. Which of the following must be submitted in an entry
A. Titles. B. Cover pages. C. Texts in pdf. D. Illustrations.
B
Devon Gallagher, a college graduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly here she's been during her worldwide vacation in a special way.
The traveler, who was born with a bone disease, had her right leg amputated (截肢) at the age of four. Although the amputation caused setbacks for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.
To spread that message, Gallagher has taken to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the globe, but instead of simply using a geo-tag, she writes her location across her artificial leg before taking a picture.
Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam, relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona, posing with a waffle in Brussels, taking in the spectacular Parthenon temple in Athens and enjoying a river cruise in Budapest, all with the well-known locations written on her artificial leg.
“I get a new leg every two years and I can choose the design on it. One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalk-board, "Gallagher said. "My mum and grand-mother weren’t too keen on the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did.”
Gallagher said people often stare when she’s writing on her leg, but once she shares the photos she receives only positive feedback."My leg hasn’t stopped me from doing anything I've wanted to do, " she said. "I don’t know if it's my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, but regardless, I've been able to keep up with my peers and lead a pretty great life.”
Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art.
4. What message did Gallagher want to spread in her special way
A She enjoys her travelling across the globe.
B. She suffers little from her legs amputation.
C. She looks on her misfortune as another form of blessing.
D. She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online.
5. Gallagher can best be described as________
A. helpful and ambitious B. friendly and generous
C. determined and creative D. independent and sensible
6. What does the underlined word “which” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A. The Continent. B. The pictures. C. The leg. D. The locations.
7. Which of the following might be the best title for the text
A. Never Too Late to Share B. A Special Artificial Leg
C. An Outstanding Photographer D. Gallagher’s Summer Holiday
C
When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too—that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.
In the study, Hiruni Samadi Galpayage Dona, an insect expert, did an experiment using 200 untrained bumblebees to see if they might play. Of those, 45 would be marked with a number when they emerged as adults.
A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled. The other side had the same number of balls, but they were stuck to the floor. Half balls on each side were colored balls. The rest were left unpainted.
For three hours a day over 18 days, Galpayage Dona found bumblebees weren’t so interested in the side where the balls didn’t move, but they explored the side areas and interacted with the balls. Once they managed to roll a ball, they strongly preferred that side. They returned, climbing on the balls and rolling them around. She also found bumblebees preferred certain colors of balls.
“There’s something about the mobility that is more interesting for the bumblebees than just colored objects,” Galpayage Dona says. In another experiment, she sometimes left the balls out overnight. “When I came in the next day, I would always find some bumblebees rolling the balls.” As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones. Their play tapered off as they got older.
The scientists say it’s not clear why the bumblebees roll the balls or whether they enjoy it. But the experiment raises important questions about how the insects’ minds work and whether they have feelings.
8. How does the author introduce the topic
A. By describing the fun of play. B. By analyzing reasons for boredom.
C. By introducing similar phenomena. D. By presenting animals’ cute images.
9. What did the researcher do in the experiment
A. She trained bumblebees to play balls.
B. She put small balls along the pathway.
C. She set up a pathway in bumblebees’ nest.
D. She rewarded the bumblebees with rolled balls.
10. What does the underlined part “tapered off” probably mean in paragraph 5
A. Mattered. B. Helped. C. Decreased. D. Emerged.
11. What can be the best title for the text
A. Bumblebees Prefer Shape to Color
B. Balls Are Bumblebees’ Favorite Toys
C. Playing with Objects Is Animals’ Second Nature
D. Bumblebees Are the First Insects Known to Play
D
If you’re a fan of fast fashion, your choices may be narrowing in the near future.
At the end of 2020, fast-fashion giant H&M said it would close 350 stores worldwide. Recently, Spanish fashion giant Inditex announced that it would close all its Bershka, Pull & Bear and Stradivarius stores in China. It all indicates that fast fashion is slowing down, noted the website Fast Company.
A major reason is the shift in the mindset (心态) of consumers. Millennials, those who were born in the 1980s or 1990s, are now the largest consumer group. Unlike their predecessors (前人), millennials are more financially stable, and thus low-priced fast fashion is not their priority. According to The South China Morning Post, more people are starting to care about quality and the stories behind a product.
Another factor is the growing concern over the fashion industry’s effect on the environment. As The New York Times noted, the fashion industry is one of the largest polluters of clean water and three-fifths of clothes produced in a year end up in landfills (垃圾场). As there is more awareness of the climate crisis, younger people are pursuing more eco-friendly choices.
Molly, 22, is one of them. Before she went to college, she used to go frequently to fast-fashion shops like Forever 21 and H&M. But after taking a class that focused on the environmental impact of clothing production, her preference changed. Now, she tries to shop in a way that is both sustainable (可持续的) and affordable: She shops second-hand. “My friend showed me how easy it was to be thrifty (节约的), and I developed a new personal style that focused less on trends but on basics that don’t go out of style,” she told MTV News.
In order to survive in the competitive market, many fast-fashion brands are making changes as well. For example, Inditex said that the company plans for all of its clothes to be sustainable by 2025.
“Sustainability is a never-ending task in which everyone here is involved,” said Pablo Isla, CEO of Inditex.
12. Why is fast fashion unpopular among millennials
A. Millennials attach more importance to quality. B. Millennials follow former generations’ style.
C. Millennials like brands with a long history. D. Millennials prefer cheaper clothes.
13. What is the main idea of paragraph 4
A. Climate change should be blamed on the fashion industry.
B. More people prefer eco-friendly fashion products.
C. Unsold clothes are a threat to the environment
D. Low-quality fashion products don’t last long.
14. The author used the example of Inditex at the end to show ______.
A. how the fast-fashion industry is suffering a big loss.
B. how competition is becoming more fierce in the fashion industry.
C. how a major company can change their products to fit the market.
D. how sustainability has become the top priority for most fashion brands.
15. What is the author’s opinion on the future development of fast fashion
A. Hopeless. B. Promising. C. Unclear. D. Unpredictable.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it… to accept and love ourselves But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. ___16___ Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●___17___ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. ___18___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. ___19___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. ___20___ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
A. Feeling upset again
B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My 88-year-old grandfather and I are both starting 2022 as new college graduates. He was ____21____ to continue school because he got married and started a ____22____ in the 1950s. Over the next few decades, he managed to ____23____ his roles as a husband, a father of five, working at a local bank and taking a college class here and there.
Our higher ____24____ journey together at Palo Alto College began in 2016. I had just ____25____ from high school then and my grandfather, 82, was ____26____ to take classes to make his lifelong dream of earning his bachelor’s degree become a ____27____. In 2017, we were both ____28____into the University of Texas at San Antonio.
Over the past year, his health has continued to ____29____ and he now has difficulty speaking. As graduation day ____30____ in December, my family and I ____31____ university officials to approve of my grandfather having a degree of recognition. We had the ____32____ that he could have that memory before his death.
My grandfather was worried he would steal the show from my graduation moment when I told him we were graduating together. I told him this is our moment and that I want to ___33___ it with him. I’m so ____34____ and proud that I was able to have this moment with him.
I ____35____ my grandfather’s lifelong passion of learning and his strong wills.
21. A. proud B. eager C. unhappy D. unable
22. A. bank B. family C. company D. business
23. A. compare B. evaluate C. balance D. accept
24. A. education B. survival C. recovery D. research
25. A. benefited B. returned C. graduated D. heard
26. A. shocked B. advised C. forced D. determined
27. A. reality B. challenge C. memory D. question
28. A. checked B. admitted C. refused D. invited
29. A. restore B. change C. decline D. improve
30. A. involved B. established C. passed D. approached
31. A. encouraged B. persuaded C. ordered D. reminded
32. A. conclusion B. achievement C. excitement D. expectation
33. A. share B. regret C. control D. discuss
34. A. independent B. helpful C. grateful D. polite
35. A. examine B. appreciate C. consider D. understand
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese couplet (对联) refers to two poetic lines obeying certain rules, often written on red paper for ___36___ (appreciate).
As a form of Chinese literature, the couplet ___37___ (vary) in content and style. Some express people’s love to their motherland, some describe the beauty of nature, ___38___ some convey best wishes for the coming year.
Chinese couplets originated in the Five Dynasties, and ___39___ (become) ubiquitous (无处不在) in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was a custom for people ___40___ (hang) peach wood charms to drive away evil spirits during the Spring Festival. Nowadays, couplets are used ___41___ a similar way.
It was said that the ___42___ (early) couplet was written by Meng Xu, king of Houshu State and it was ___43___ (extreme) popular in the Northern Song Dynasty. Since the Ming Dynasty, to write couplets ___44___ (regard) as a mark of the cultured life of scholars.
The couplet has two equal-length lines. However, ____45____ number of characters in each line can be from four to seven or more. The first and the second lines have opposite tone patterns. The last character of the first line is of an oblique tone (仄声), and its opposite in the second line, of a level tone (平声).
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你校英文报正在举办题为How English Can Help Me in My Future Life的征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，谈谈英语能怎样助力你的未来生活。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How English Can Help Me in My Future Life
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成 一篇完整的短文。
I yawned (打哈欠)as I got off the last step of the bus. I had woken early that morning, and had not been able to sleep on the long ride from Riverside High, thinking about that day’s race, the Eye Opener. I had never raced in a state-wide race before. Over thirty high school teams ran, along with quite a few colleges. The rest of my team and I unloaded the bus, and we relaxed and waited for our race patiently.
“Start warming up,” our coach told us, roughly forty-five minutes after we arrived. After finishing our stretches, we headed over to the starting line, eager for the race to begin.
The starter walked to the middle of the field. “There will be two commands,” his voice boomed, ‘‘Runners set, then the gun. If you hear another shot, return to the starting line to start again. ” My heart raced as I got my legs ready to race.
“Runners set!” the starter shouted Bam! The gun fired, and he rushed out of our way. Adrenaline (肾上腺素)rushed through my body as I raced through the mass of runners. As I rounded the first turn, my schoolmates greeted me with heartening shouts. Then, in what felt like only one minute, I arrived at the one mile mark.
“6’10”, a man declared as I ran by. I tried to ignore him, but my legs began to bum as I realized I had run a mile and still had two to go. I slowed down my pace, for I knew the second mile was the worst of all three. Minutes later, I felt horrible. My legs ached, feeling like lead blocks. My vision was clouded as sweat dropped down into my eyes, and my arms felt as if they would fall off if I swung them one more time. Just as I almost reached my limit, a boy passed me. He also seemed to have lost strength but soon he was a little ahead of me.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I gathered up my strength to speed up but suddenly fell to the ground.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In the last mile, seeing the athletes passing us one by one, I asked the boy to run without me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
开滦第二高级中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试
英语 答案解析
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Writer’s Digest Annual Writing Competition
Writer’s Digest has been shining a spotlight on up and coming writers in all genres (体裁) through its Annual Writing Competition for more than 80 years. Enter our 89th Annual Writing Competition for your chance to win and have your work be seen by editors and agents!
Prizes
·One Grand Prize winner will receive:
$5.000 in cash and an interview with them in Writer's Digest (Nov/ Dec 2022 issue) and on Writers . A paid trip to the Writer’s Digest Annual Conference, including special recognition at the keynote.
·All top winners will receive:
Their names and the title of their winning piece listed in Writer’s Digest and on Writers
A one-year subscription (new or renewal) to Writer’s Digest magazine
A one year subscription to Writer’s Digest Tutorials
20% discount off of purchases made at Writer’s Digest University
Pricing and Deadlines
·Early-Bird Deadline: May 6, 2022
Poetry entry — $20 for the first entry; $15 for each additional poetry entry.
Manuscript entry — $ 30 for the first entry; $25 for each additional manuscript entry.
·Regular Deadline: June 6, 2022
Poetry entry — $ 25 for the first entry; $20 for each additional poetry entry.
Manuscript entry — $35 for the first entry; $30 for each additional manuscript entry.
Preparing your entry
·Please submit text only; illustrations are not accepted.
·Cover pages are optional; titles are not requested or necessary.
·Word counts are not to include entry title.
·Accepted file formal: pdf. Do not attach zipped files, or documents stored on the web.
How to Enter
Create your free Submittable account by clicking the SUBMIT button. If you already have a Submittable account, simply log in!
1. What will all top winners receive
A. Their winning piece published in Writer’s Digest.
B. A paid trip to the Writer’s Digest Annual Conference.
C. Free permenant subscription to Writer’s Digest magazine.
D. Purchases at a 20% discount at Writer’s Digest University.
2. If someone submits two manuscript entries on May 22nd, how much should he pay
A. $65. B. $55. C. $45. D. $35
3. Which of the following must be submitted in an entry
A. Titles. B. Cover pages. C. Texts in pdf. D. Illustrations.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。《作家文摘》的年度写作比赛已经举办了80多年，它一直是所有流派中崭露头角的作家的关注焦点，这是一篇《作家文摘》年度写作比赛的征文启事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“All top winners will receive”部分最后一句“20% discount off of purchases made at Writer’s Digest University”(在作家文摘大学买东西可以打八折)可知，所有优胜者都可以在作家文摘大学享受8折购买优惠。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Pricing and Deadlines”部分“Regular Deadline: June 6, 2022”中的最后一句“Manuscript entry—$35 for the first entry; $30 for each additional manuscript entry.”(稿件投稿：第一次投稿$35；每增加一篇稿件30美元。)可知，如果有人在5月22日提交两份稿件，他应该支付65美元。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Preparing your entry”部分第一句中的“Please submit text only”(请只提交文字)和倒第二句“Accepted file formal: pdf.”(接受文件格式：pdf。)可知，pdf格式的文本必须在条目中提交。故选C。
B
Devon Gallagher, a college graduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly here she's been during her worldwide vacation in a special way.
The traveler, who was born with a bone disease, had her right leg amputated (截肢) at the age of four. Although the amputation caused setbacks for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.
To spread that message, Gallagher has taken to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the globe, but instead of simply using a geo-tag, she writes her location across her artificial leg before taking a picture.
Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam, relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona, posing with a waffle in Brussels, taking in the spectacular Parthenon temple in Athens and enjoying a river cruise in Budapest, all with the well-known locations written on her artificial leg.
“I get a new leg every two years and I can choose the design on it. One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalk-board, "Gallagher said. "My mum and grand-mother weren’t too keen on the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did.”
Gallagher said people often stare when she’s writing on her leg, but once she shares the photos she receives only positive feedback."My leg hasn’t stopped me from doing anything I've wanted to do, " she said. "I don’t know if it's my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, but regardless, I've been able to keep up with my peers and lead a pretty great life.”
Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art.
4. What message did Gallagher want to spread in her special way
A. She enjoys her travelling across the globe.
B. She suffers little from her legs amputation.
C. She looks on her misfortune as another form of blessing.
D. She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online.
5. Gallagher can best be described as________
A. helpful and ambitious B. friendly and generous
C. determined and creative D. independent and sensible
6. What does the underlined word “which” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A. The Continent. B. The pictures. C. The leg. D. The locations.
7. Which of the following might be the best title for the text
A. Never Too Late to Share B. A Special Artificial Leg
C. An Outstanding Photographer D. Gallagher’s Summer Holiday
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了残疾大学生德文·加拉格尔在全球各地旅行时，在自己的假肢上写上自己所在位置，然后拍照上传社交媒体，她通过这样一种方式向人们传送积极向上的信息：绝不能让任何事阻碍你的梦想。如果生活给了你一条假腿，那就让它成为艺术。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Although the amputation caused setbacks for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.(虽然截肢在早期给加拉格尔带来了挫折，但她现在认为这种不幸正是对她精彩人生的最好激励)”及第三段首句“To spread that message, Gallagher has taken to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the globe(为了传递这一信息，加拉格尔在社交媒体上分享了她在全球各地旅行的照片)”可知，Gallagher 想传递的信息是：她认为自己的不幸正是对精彩人生的最好激励，她把不幸看作是另一种形式的祝福。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中“‘My leg hasn’t stopped me from doing anything I've wanted to do, ’ she said. ‘I don’t know if it's my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, but regardless, I've been able to keep up with my peers and lead a pretty great life. ’(‘我的腿并没有阻止我做任何我想做的事情，’她说。‘我不知道是否是我的决心证明自己可以，但不管怎样，我已经能够赶上同龄人，过着非常棒的生活。’)”可知，没有什么能阻止Gallagher去做自己想做的事情，说明她意志坚定；根据第三段中“but instead of simply using a geo-tag, she writes her location across her artificial leg before taking a picture.(但她并没有简单地使用地理标签，而是在拍照前把自己的位置写在假肢上)”可知，Gallagher用一种特殊的方式来分享了她旅行，说明她非常有创意。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。分析第四段中“Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam.(现在，她一直在欧洲大陆各地拍摄照片，其中包括她在阿姆斯特丹运河上骑车的照片) ”可知，其中“which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam,”是定语从句，划线词which是关系代词，指代先行词pictures。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，残疾大学生德文·加拉格尔在全球各地旅行时，在自己的假肢上写上自己所在位置，然后拍照上传社交媒体，她通过这样一种特殊方式向人们传送积极信息。写上地名的特殊假腿是重要载体，是Gallagher传送信息的关键，所以B项“A Special Artificial Leg”是最佳标题。故选B项。
C
When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too—that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.
In the study, Hiruni Samadi Galpayage Dona, an insect expert, did an experiment using 200 untrained bumblebees to see if they might play. Of those, 45 would be marked with a number when they emerged as adults.
A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled. The other side had the same number of balls, but they were stuck to the floor. Half balls on each side were colored balls. The rest were left unpainted.
For three hours a day over 18 days, Galpayage Dona found bumblebees weren’t so interested in the side where the balls didn’t move, but they explored the side areas and interacted with the balls. Once they managed to roll a ball, they strongly preferred that side. They returned, climbing on the balls and rolling them around. She also found bumblebees preferred certain colors of balls.
“There’s something about the mobility that is more interesting for the bumblebees than just colored objects,” Galpayage Dona says. In another experiment, she sometimes left the balls out overnight. “When I came in the next day, I would always find some bumblebees rolling the balls.” As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones. Their play tapered off as they got older.
The scientists say it’s not clear why the bumblebees roll the balls or whether they enjoy it. But the experiment raises important questions about how the insects’ minds work and whether they have feelings.
8. How does the author introduce the topic
A. By describing the fun of play. B. By analyzing reasons for boredom.
C. By introducing similar phenomena. D. By presenting animals’ cute images.
9. What did the researcher do in the experiment
A. She trained bumblebees to play balls.
B. She put small balls along the pathway.
C. She set up a pathway in bumblebees’ nest.
D. She rewarded the bumblebees with rolled balls.
10. What does the underlined part “tapered off” probably mean in paragraph 5
A. Mattered. B. Helped. C. Decreased. D. Emerged.
11. What can be the best title for the text
A. Bumblebees Prefer Shape to Color
B. Balls Are Bumblebees’ Favorite Toys
C. Playing with Objects Is Animals’ Second Nature
D. Bumblebees Are the First Insects Known to Play
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，这使它们成为已知的喜欢玩耍的第一种昆虫。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too — that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.(当你感到无聊时，你可能会开始玩球或其他物体。这种行为在人群中很常见。其他动物也喜欢它——这就是为什么狗会捡到一根棍子，或者猫会向玩具发起攻击。玩耍是消磨时间一种令人愉快的方式。一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，使它们成为已知的第一种昆虫)”可知，作者介绍了人类和一些动物是相似的，都会通过玩耍来消磨时间，以此来引起文章主题——大黄蜂也这样做。由此推知，作者通过介绍相似现象来引起文章主题。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled.(一条小路从大黄蜂的巢穴通往一个进食区。一边是滚动的小木球)”可知，在实验中，研究者她把小球放在小路上。故选B。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones.(和哺乳动物一样，大黄蜂玩得最多的是年轻的)”和划线词所在句子“Their play tapered off as they got older.(随着年龄的增长，它们的玩耍逐渐tapered off)”可知，和哺乳动物一样，大黄蜂玩得最多的是年轻的，这说明那些岁数大的黄蜂玩得较少。由此推知，随着年龄的增长，大黄蜂的玩得次数减少。由此推知，划线短语“tapered off”意为“减少”，与C项“Decreased.(减少)”意思一样。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.(一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，使它们成为已知的第一种昆虫)”可知，文章主要讲了实验表明，大黄蜂是已知的喜欢玩耍的第一种昆虫。由此可知，D项“大黄蜂是已知的玩耍的第一种昆虫”适合做文章标题。故选D。
D
If you’re a fan of fast fashion, your choices may be narrowing in the near future.
At the end of 2020, fast-fashion giant H&M said it would close 350 stores worldwide. Recently, Spanish fashion giant Inditex announced that it would close all its Bershka, Pull & Bear and Stradivarius stores in China. It all indicates that fast fashion is slowing down, noted the website Fast Company.
A major reason is the shift in the mindset (心态) of consumers. Millennials, those who were born in the 1980s or 1990s, are now the largest consumer group. Unlike their predecessors (前人), millennials are more financially stable, and thus low-priced fast fashion is not their priority. According to The South China Morning Post, more people are starting to care about quality and the stories behind a product.
Another factor is the growing concern over the fashion industry’s effect on the environment. As The New York Times noted, the fashion industry is one of the largest polluters of clean water and three-fifths of clothes produced in a year end up in landfills (垃圾场). As there is more awareness of the climate crisis, younger people are pursuing more eco-friendly choices.
Molly, 22, is one of them. Before she went to college, she used to go frequently to fast-fashion shops like Forever 21 and H&M. But after taking a class that focused on the environmental impact of clothing production, her preference changed. Now, she tries to shop in a way that is both sustainable (可持续的) and affordable: She shops second-hand. “My friend showed me how easy it was to be thrifty (节约的), and I developed a new personal style that focused less on trends but on basics that don’t go out of style,” she told MTV News.
In order to survive in the competitive market, many fast-fashion brands are making changes as well. For example, Inditex said that the company plans for all of its clothes to be sustainable by 2025.
“Sustainability is a never-ending task in which everyone here is involved,” said Pablo Isla, CEO of Inditex.
12. Why is fast fashion unpopular among millennials
A. Millennials attach more importance to quality. B. Millennials follow former generations’ style.
C. Millennials like brands with a long history. D. Millennials prefer cheaper clothes.
13. What is the main idea of paragraph 4
A. Climate change should be blamed on the fashion industry.
B. More people prefer eco-friendly fashion products.
C. Unsold clothes are a threat to the environment
D Low-quality fashion products don’t last long.
14. The author used the example of Inditex at the end to show ______.
A. how the fast-fashion industry is suffering a big loss.
B. how competition is becoming more fierce in the fashion industry.
C. how a major company can change their products to fit the market.
D. how sustainability has become the top priority for most fashion brands.
15. What is the author’s opinion on the future development of fast fashion
A. Hopeless. B. Promising. C. Unclear. D. Unpredictable.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了许多快时尚服装品牌发展速度放缓的原因，为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存，许多快速时尚品牌也在做出改变。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“According to The South China Morning Post, more people are starting to care about quality and the stories behind a product.(据《南华早报》报道，越来越多的人开始关注产品的质量和产品背后的故事)”可知，快时尚在千禧一代中不受欢迎是因为千禧一代更注重质量。故选A。
【13题详解】
段落大意题。根据第四段内容“Another factor is the growing concern over the fashion industry’s effect on the environment. As The New York Times noted, the fashion industry is one of the largest polluters of clean water and three-fifths of clothes produced in a year end up in landfills (垃圾场). As there is more awareness of the climate crisis, younger people are pursuing more eco-friendly choices.(另一个因素是人们越来越关注时装业对环境的影响。正如《纽约时报》所指出的那样，时装业是最大的清洁水污染者之一，每年生产的服装中有五分之三最终被填埋。随着人们对气候危机的意识越来越强，年轻人开始追求更环保的选择)”可知，本段是讲述快时尚发展放缓的第二个原因：时装业会对环境产生影响，所以更多人选择对环境有好处的产品。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In order to survive in the competitive market, many fast-fashion brands are making changes as well. For example, Inditex said that the company plans for all of its clothes to be sustainable by 2025.(为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存，许多快时尚品牌也在做出改变。例如，Inditex表示，该公司计划到2025年实现所有服装的可持续性)”和最后一段“‘Sustainability is a never-ending task in which everyone here is involved,’ said Pablo Isla, CEO of Inditex.(Inditex首席执行官Pablo Isla表示：‘可持续发展是一项永无止境的任务，这里的每个人都参与其中。’)”可知，为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存，许多快时尚品牌也在做出改变，接着以Inditex为例说明一个大公司是如何改变他们的产品来适应市场的。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In order to survive in the competitive market, many fast-fashion brands are making changes as well. For example, Inditex said that the company plans for all of its clothes to be sustainable by 2025.(为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存，许多快时尚品牌也在做出改变。例如，Inditex表示，该公司计划到2025年实现所有服装的可持续性)”可知，为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存，许多快时尚品牌也在做出改变，故作者对快时尚将来的发展是充满希望的，认为很有前途。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. ___16___ Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●___17___ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. ___18___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. ___19___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. ___20___ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
A. Feeling upset again
B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
【16题详解】
根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where do you start (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的You will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D. Remember, you are only human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。
【20题详解】
结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are (翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项A. Feeling upset again (再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My 88-year-old grandfather and I are both starting 2022 as new college graduates. He was ____21____ to continue school because he got married and started a ____22____ in the 1950s. Over the next few decades, he managed to ____23____ his roles as a husband, a father of five, working at a local bank and taking a college class here and there.
Our higher ____24____ journey together at Palo Alto College began in 2016. I had just ____25____ from high school then and my grandfather, 82, was ____26____ to take classes to make his lifelong dream of earning his bachelor’s degree become a ____27____. In 2017, we were both ____28____into the University of Texas at San Antonio.
Over the past year, his health has continued to ____29____ and he now has difficulty speaking. As graduation day ____30____ in December, my family and I ____31____ university officials to approve of my grandfather having a degree of recognition. We had the ____32____ that he could have that memory before his death.
My grandfather was worried he would steal the show from my graduation moment when I told him we were graduating together. I told him this is our moment and that I want to ___33___ it with him. I’m so ____34____ and proud that I was able to have this moment with him.
I ____35____ my grandfather’s lifelong passion of learning and his strong wills.
21. A. proud B. eager C. unhappy D. unable
22. A. bank B. family C. company D. business
23. A. compare B. evaluate C. balance D. accept
24. A. education B. survival C. recovery D. research
25. A. benefited B. returned C. graduated D. heard
26. A. shocked B. advised C. forced D. determined
27. A. reality B. challenge C. memory D. question
28. A. checked B. admitted C. refused D. invited
29. A. restore B. change C. decline D. improve
30. A. involved B. established C. passed D. approached
31. A. encouraged B. persuaded C. ordered D. reminded
32. A. conclusion B. achievement C. excitement D. expectation
33. A. share B. regret C. control D. discuss
34. A. independent B. helpful C. grateful D. polite
35. A. examine B. appreciate C. consider D. understand
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。经过努力，88岁的祖父实现了他的大学梦，终于和作者一起以大学毕业生的身份开始2022年的生活。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他无法继续学业，因为他在20世纪50年代结婚成家。A. proud自豪的；B. eager热情的；C. unhappy不开心的；D. unable不能的。根据后文“to continue school because he got married and started a”指因为成家不能继续学业。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他无法继续学业，因为他在20世纪50年代结婚成家。A. bank银行；B. family家；C. company公司；D. business生意。根据后文“his roles as a husband, a father of five”可知祖父因为要成家所以不能继续学业。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几十年里，他成功地平衡了自己作为一个丈夫、五个孩子的父亲、在当地一家银行工作以及到处参加大学课程的角色。A. compare比较；B. evaluate评估；C. balance平衡；D. accept接受。根据后文“his roles as a husband, a father of five, working at a local bank and taking a college class here and there”可知祖父在各种角色之间取得了平衡。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在帕洛阿尔托学院的高等教育之旅始于2016年。A. education教育；B. survival幸存；C. recovery恢复；D. research研究。根据后文“at Palo Alto College”可知是教育之旅。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我刚高中毕业，我82岁的祖父决心通过上课来实现他获得学士学位的终身梦想。A. benefited受益；B. returned返回；C. graduated毕业；D. heard听见。根据后文“into the University of Texas at San Antonio”作者去上了大学，可知但是刚高中毕业。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我刚高中毕业，我82岁的祖父决心通过上课来实现他获得学士学位的终身梦想。A. shocked震惊；B. advised建议；C. forced迫使；D. determined决定。根据后文“to take classes to make his lifelong dream of earning his bachelor’s degree”可知，82岁的祖父决心通过上课来实现他获得学士学位的终身梦想。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我刚高中毕业，我82岁的祖父决心通过上课来实现他获得学士学位的终身梦想。A. reality现实；B. challenge挑战；C. memory记忆；D. question问题。根据上文“make his lifelong dream of earning his bachelor’s degree become a”指通过上课来实现他获得学士学位的终身梦想，为make sth. become a reality表示“让……成为现实，实现”。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2017年，我们都被德克萨斯大学圣安东尼奥分校录取。A. checked检查；B. admitted承认；C. refused拒绝；D. invited邀请。根据后文“into the University of Texas at San Antonio”指被大学录取短语为be admitted into。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的一年里，他的健康状况持续恶化，现在说话有困难。A. restore恢复；B. change改变；C. decline下降，恶化；D. improve改善。根据后文“and he now has difficulty speaking”可知祖父的健康状况恶化了，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：12月，随着毕业日的临近，我和家人说服了大学官员，让我的祖父获得学位认可。A. involved涉及；B. established建立；C. passed通过；D. approached靠近。结合上文“graduation day”可知此处指毕业日的临近，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：12月，随着毕业日的临近，我和家人说服了大学官员，让我的祖父获得学位认可。A. encouraged鼓励；B. persuaded说服；C. ordered命令；D. reminded提醒。结合后文“university officials to approve of my grandfather having a degree of recognition”指作者和家人说服大学的人员给祖父学位认证，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们本来希望他在弥留之际能有那段记忆。A. conclusion结论；B. achievement成就；C. excitement激动；D. expectation期待。根据后文“he could have that memory before his death”让祖父在去世前拥有大学毕业的记忆是家人的期望。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他这是我们的时刻，我想和他分享。A. share分享；B. regret后悔；C. control控制；D. discuss讨论。根据后文“it with him”可知指和某人分享，应用share sth. with sb.。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激也很自豪能和他在一起。A. independent独立的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. grateful感谢的；D. polite礼貌的。根据后文“I was able to have this moment with him”指和祖父在一起的经历让作者觉得感激和自豪。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很欣赏我祖父毕生对学习的热情和他坚强的意志。A. examine检查；B. appreciate感激，欣赏；C. consider考虑；D. understand理解。根据后文“my grandfather’s lifelong passion of learning and his strong wills”可知祖父毕生对学习的热情和坚强的意志让作者欣赏。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese couplet (对联) refers to two poetic lines obeying certain rules, often written on red paper for ___36___ (appreciate).
As a form of Chinese literature, the couplet ___37___ (vary) in content and style. Some express people’s love to their motherland, some describe the beauty of nature, ___38___ some convey best wishes for the coming year.
Chinese couplets originated in the Five Dynasties, and ___39___ (become) ubiquitous (无处不在) in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was a custom for people ___40___ (hang) peach wood charms to drive away evil spirits during the Spring Festival. Nowadays, couplets are used ___41___ a similar way.
It was said that the ___42___ (early) couplet was written by Meng Xu, king of Houshu State and it was ___43___ (extreme) popular in the Northern Song Dynasty. Since the Ming Dynasty, to write couplets ___44___ (regard) as a mark of the cultured life of scholars.
The couplet has two equal-length lines. However, ____45____ number of characters in each line can be from four to seven or more. The first and the second lines have opposite tone patterns. The last character of the first line is of an oblique tone (仄声), and its opposite in the second line, of a level tone (平声).
【答案】36. appreciation
37. varies 38. and
39. became 40. to hang
41. in 42. earliest
43. extremely
44. has been regarded
45. the
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述中国对联的形式，表达意义和起源等信息。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国的对联是指遵循一定规则的两行诗，通常写在红纸上供欣赏。设空处接在介词for后，应用名词作宾语，appreciate 的名词形式appreciation，意为“欣赏”，不可数，故填appreciation。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：作为中国文学的一种形式，对联的内容和风格各不相同。设空处为谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是the couplet，谓语是第三人称单数，故填varies。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：有的表达了人们对祖国的爱，有的描述了自然的美丽，还有的表达了对来年的美好祝愿。分析可知，三个句子是并列的关系，后面两个句子应用and连接，故填and。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：中国的对联起源于五代，在明清时期变得普遍。设空处为谓语动词，根据上半句和上下文语境可知应用一般过去时，故填became。
【40题详解】
考查不定式。句意：人们在春节期间挂桃木符咒来驱魔是一种习俗。分析可知，本句的it为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，故填to hang。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：如今，人们也用类似的方式来使用对联。表示使用某种方式，一般用介词in，故填in。
42题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：据说，世界上最早对联是后蜀国皇帝孟昶写的，在北宋时期非常流行。设空处修饰名词作定语，应为形容词，根据句意可知是最高级，故填earliest。
【43题详解】
考查副词句意：同上。设空处修饰形容词作状语，应用副词形式，故填extremely。
【44题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：自明代起，写对联就被视为士人生活修养的标志。分析可知，设空处为谓语，根据时间状语Since the Ming Dynasty可知应用现在完成时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是不定式to write couplets，谓语用第三人称单数，故填has been regarded。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：但是，每行中的字符数可以是4到7个或更多。短语the number of，意为“……的数量”，符合句意，故填the。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你校英文报正在举办题为How English Can Help Me in My Future Life的征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，谈谈英语能怎样助力你的未来生活。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How English Can Help Me in My Future Life
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】How English Can Help Me in My Future Life
English, as we all know, is a widely used language, connecting people all over the world. Mastering the universal language can definitely open up more possibilities in the future.
As for me, I intend to become a doctor and English can help me exchange ideas with foreign experts. We can make progress together in a challenging field. Moreover, English will serve as a window to the world, allowing me to gain a global view towards life, understand people from different cultures and make more friends.
In a word, if knowledge enriches the mind, then English adds wings.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以How English Can Help Me in My Future Life为题，写一篇短文，参加校英文报的征文比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
帮助：help→assist
此外：moreover→besides
获得：gain→attain
总之：in a word→all in all
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Moreover, English will serve as a window to the world, allowing me to gain a global view towards life, understand people from different cultures and make more friends.
拓展句：Moreover, English will serve as a window to the world, which allows me to gain a global view towards life, understand people from different cultures and make more friends.
【点睛】【高分句型1】English, as we all know, is a widely used language, connecting people all over the world.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】In a word, if knowledge enriches the mind, then English adds wings.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成 一篇完整的短文。
I yawned (打哈欠)as I got off the last step of the bus. I had woken early that morning, and had not been able to sleep on the long ride from Riverside High, thinking about that day’s race, the Eye Opener. I had never raced in a state-wide race before. Over thirty high school teams ran, along with quite a few colleges. The rest of my team and I unloaded the bus, and we relaxed and waited for our race patiently.
“Start warming up,” our coach told us, roughly forty-five minutes after we arrived. After finishing our stretches, we headed over to the starting line, eager for the race to begin.
The starter walked to the middle of the field. “There will be two commands,” his voice boomed, ‘‘Runners set, then the gun. If you hear another shot, return to the starting line to start again. ” My heart raced as I got my legs ready to race.
“Runners set!” the starter shouted Bam! The gun fired, and he rushed out of our way. Adrenaline (肾上腺素)rushed through my body as I raced through the mass of runners. As I rounded the first turn, my schoolmates greeted me with heartening shouts. Then, in what felt like only one minute, I arrived at the one mile mark.
“6’10”, a man declared as I ran by. I tried to ignore him, but my legs began to bum as I realized I had run a mile and still had two to go. I slowed down my pace, for I knew the second mile was the worst of all three. Minutes later, I felt horrible. My legs ached, feeling like lead blocks. My vision was clouded as sweat dropped down into my eyes, and my arms felt as if they would fall off if I swung them one more time. Just as I almost reached my limit, a boy passed me. He also seemed to have lost strength but soon he was a little ahead of me.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I gathered up my strength to speed up but suddenly fell to the ground.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In the last mile, seeing the athletes passing us one by one, I asked the boy to run without me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I gathered up my strength to speed up but suddenly fell to the ground. My world was clouded by total darkness. How I wish the ground to crack and swallow me! I could feel everybody was staring at me, widening their mouths and not being able to utter a word. The sudden silence brought sharp pain in my knees and “failure” was the only word flashing in my mind. Then the silence was broken by a deep voice, “You won’t give up so easily, will you ” The boy ahead of me turned back and pulled me up. “Let’s run to the finishing line together!” The second mile saw its end while we ran shoulder to shoulder.
In the last mile, seeing the athletes passing us one by one, I asked the boy to rum without me. “You can win a place if you go by yourself.” I looked at him in the eyes with sweat blurring my sight. The boy breathing heavily, drops of sweat rolled down his face. He shook his head saying,“Winning a place is not that important, isn’t it ”. Then we smiled at each other as if we had been the only runners. The last mile seemed shorter and we were relieved when we passed the finishing line together with thunderous applause. I knew they cheered for us not for winning a race but for something more important.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者参加全州范围的跑步，在第二英里的时候，因为力尽而摔倒，跑他前面的男孩，鼓励作者，并帮助他一起跑完全程，最后作者明白，比赛中赢不是最重要的，坚持和友谊才是。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我鼓起力量加速，但突然倒在地上。”可知，第一段可描写作者摔倒了后的心情，以及男孩鼓励并帮助作者继续跑下去。
②由第二段首句内容“跑到最后一英里时，看到运动员们一个接一个地从我们身边经过，我让那个男孩自己跑。”可知，第二段可描写男孩子告诉作者，比赛中赢不是最重要的，并最终帮助作者一起跑过终点和作者的感悟。
2. 续写线索：作者摔倒——男孩帮助——劝男孩放弃自己——男孩拒绝——一起跑过终点——感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①凝视：stare at/gaze at
②(使)变宽：widen/extend/enlarge
③赢得一席之地：win a place/earn a slot
④知道：know/realize/comprehend
情绪类
①绝望：clouded by total darkness/hopeless/desperate
②如释重负：relieved./in relief
【点睛】[高分句型1]Then we smiled at each other as if we had been the only runners.(as if从句中使用虚拟语气)
[高分句型2]The last mile seemed shorter and we were relieved when we passed the finishing line together with thunderous applause.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
英语
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Writer’s Digest Annual Writing Competition
Writer’s Digest has been shining a spotlight on up and coming writers in all genres (体裁) through its Annual Writing Competition for more than 80 years. Enter our 89th Annual Writing Competition for your chance to win and have your work be seen by editors and agents!
Prizes
·One Grand Prize winner will receive:
$5.000 in cash and an interview with them in Writer's Digest (Nov/ Dec 2022 issue) and on Writers . A paid trip to the Writer’s Digest Annual Conference, including special recognition at the keynote.
·All top winners will receive:
Their names and the title of their winning piece listed in Writer’s Digest and on Writers
A one-year subscription (new or renewal) to Writer’s Digest magazine
A one year subscription to Writer’s Digest Tutorials
20% discount off of purchases made at Writer’s Digest University
Pricing and Deadlines
·Early-Bird Deadline: May 6, 2022
Poetry entry — $20 for the first entry; $15 for each additional poetry entry.
Manuscript entry — $ 30 for the first entry; $25 for each additional manuscript entry.
·Regular Deadline: June 6 2022
Poetry entry — $ 25 for the first entry; $20 for each additional poetry entry.
Manuscript entry — $35 for the first entry; $30 for each additional manuscript entry.
Preparing your entry
·Please submit text only; illustrations are not accepted.
·Cover pages are optional; titles are not requested or necessary.
·Word counts are not to include entry title.
·Accepted file formal: pdf. Do not attach zipped files, or documents stored on the web.
How to Enter
Create your free Submittable account by clicking the SUBMIT button. If you already have a Submittable account, simply log in!
1. What will all top winners receive
A. Their winning piece published in Writer’s Digest.
B A paid trip to the Writer’s Digest Annual Conference.
C. Free permenant subscription to Writer’s Digest magazine.
D. Purchases at a 20% discount at Writer’s Digest University.
2. If someone submits two manuscript entries on May 22nd, how much should he pay
A. $65. B. $55. C. $45. D. $35
3. Which of the following must be submitted in an entry
A. Titles. B. Cover pages. C. Texts in pdf. D. Illustrations.
B
Devon Gallagher, a college graduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly here she's been during her worldwide vacation in a special way.
The traveler, who was born with a bone disease, had her right leg amputated (截肢) at the age of four. Although the amputation caused setbacks for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.
To spread that message, Gallagher has taken to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the globe, but instead of simply using a geo-tag, she writes her location across her artificial leg before taking a picture.
Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam, relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona, posing with a waffle in Brussels, taking in the spectacular Parthenon temple in Athens and enjoying a river cruise in Budapest, all with the well-known locations written on her artificial leg.
“I get a new leg every two years and I can choose the design on it. One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalk-board, "Gallagher said. "My mum and grand-mother weren’t too keen on the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did.”
Gallagher said people often stare when she’s writing on her leg, but once she shares the photos she receives only positive feedback."My leg hasn’t stopped me from doing anything I've wanted to do, " she said. "I don’t know if it's my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, but regardless, I've been able to keep up with my peers and lead a pretty great life.”
Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art.
4. What message did Gallagher want to spread in her special way
A She enjoys her travelling across the globe.
B. She suffers little from her legs amputation.
C. She looks on her misfortune as another form of blessing.
D. She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online.
5. Gallagher can best be described as________
A. helpful and ambitious B. friendly and generous
C. determined and creative D. independent and sensible
6. What does the underlined word “which” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A. The Continent. B. The pictures. C. The leg. D. The locations.
7. Which of the following might be the best title for the text
A. Never Too Late to Share B. A Special Artificial Leg
C. An Outstanding Photographer D. Gallagher’s Summer Holiday
C
When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too—that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.
In the study, Hiruni Samadi Galpayage Dona, an insect expert, did an experiment using 200 untrained bumblebees to see if they might play. Of those, 45 would be marked with a number when they emerged as adults.
A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled. The other side had the same number of balls, but they were stuck to the floor. Half balls on each side were colored balls. The rest were left unpainted.
For three hours a day over 18 days, Galpayage Dona found bumblebees weren’t so interested in the side where the balls didn’t move, but they explored the side areas and interacted with the balls. Once they managed to roll a ball, they strongly preferred that side. They returned, climbing on the balls and rolling them around. She also found bumblebees preferred certain colors of balls.
“There’s something about the mobility that is more interesting for the bumblebees than just colored objects,” Galpayage Dona says. In another experiment, she sometimes left the balls out overnight. “When I came in the next day, I would always find some bumblebees rolling the balls.” As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones. Their play tapered off as they got older.
The scientists say it’s not clear why the bumblebees roll the balls or whether they enjoy it. But the experiment raises important questions about how the insects’ minds work and whether they have feelings.
8. How does the author introduce the topic
A. By describing the fun of play. B. By analyzing reasons for boredom.
C. By introducing similar phenomena. D. By presenting animals’ cute images.
9. What did the researcher do in the experiment
A. She trained bumblebees to play balls.
B. She put small balls along the pathway.
C. She set up a pathway in bumblebees’ nest.
D. She rewarded the bumblebees with rolled balls.
10. What does the underlined part “tapered off” probably mean in paragraph 5
A. Mattered. B. Helped. C. Decreased. D. Emerged.
11. What can be the best title for the text
A. Bumblebees Prefer Shape to Color
B. Balls Are Bumblebees’ Favorite Toys
C. Playing with Objects Is Animals’ Second Nature
D. Bumblebees Are the First Insects Known to Play
D
If you’re a fan of fast fashion, your choices may be narrowing in the near future.
At the end of 2020, fast-fashion giant H&M said it would close 350 stores worldwide. Recently, Spanish fashion giant Inditex announced that it would close all its Bershka, Pull & Bear and Stradivarius stores in China. It all indicates that fast fashion is slowing down, noted the website Fast Company.
A major reason is the shift in the mindset (心态) of consumers. Millennials, those who were born in the 1980s or 1990s, are now the largest consumer group. Unlike their predecessors (前人), millennials are more financially stable, and thus low-priced fast fashion is not their priority. According to The South China Morning Post, more people are starting to care about quality and the stories behind a product.
Another factor is the growing concern over the fashion industry’s effect on the environment. As The New York Times noted, the fashion industry is one of the largest polluters of clean water and three-fifths of clothes produced in a year end up in landfills (垃圾场). As there is more awareness of the climate crisis, younger people are pursuing more eco-friendly choices.
Molly, 22, is one of them. Before she went to college, she used to go frequently to fast-fashion shops like Forever 21 and H&M. But after taking a class that focused on the environmental impact of clothing production, her preference changed. Now, she tries to shop in a way that is both sustainable (可持续的) and affordable: She shops second-hand. “My friend showed me how easy it was to be thrifty (节约的), and I developed a new personal style that focused less on trends but on basics that don’t go out of style,” she told MTV News.
In order to survive in the competitive market, many fast-fashion brands are making changes as well. For example, Inditex said that the company plans for all of its clothes to be sustainable by 2025.
“Sustainability is a never-ending task in which everyone here is involved,” said Pablo Isla, CEO of Inditex.
12. Why is fast fashion unpopular among millennials
A. Millennials attach more importance to quality. B. Millennials follow former generations’ style.
C. Millennials like brands with a long history. D. Millennials prefer cheaper clothes.
13. What is the main idea of paragraph 4
A. Climate change should be blamed on the fashion industry.
B. More people prefer eco-friendly fashion products.
C. Unsold clothes are a threat to the environment
D. Low-quality fashion products don’t last long.
14. The author used the example of Inditex at the end to show ______.
A. how the fast-fashion industry is suffering a big loss.
B. how competition is becoming more fierce in the fashion industry.
C. how a major company can change their products to fit the market.
D. how sustainability has become the top priority for most fashion brands.
15. What is the author’s opinion on the future development of fast fashion
A. Hopeless. B. Promising. C. Unclear. D. Unpredictable.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it… to accept and love ourselves But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. ___16___ Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●___17___ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. ___18___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. ___19___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. ___20___ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
A. Feeling upset again
B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My 88-year-old grandfather and I are both starting 2022 as new college graduates. He was ____21____ to continue school because he got married and started a ____22____ in the 1950s. Over the next few decades, he managed to ____23____ his roles as a husband, a father of five, working at a local bank and taking a college class here and there.
Our higher ____24____ journey together at Palo Alto College began in 2016. I had just ____25____ from high school then and my grandfather, 82, was ____26____ to take classes to make his lifelong dream of earning his bachelor’s degree become a ____27____. In 2017, we were both ____28____into the University of Texas at San Antonio.
Over the past year, his health has continued to ____29____ and he now has difficulty speaking. As graduation day ____30____ in December, my family and I ____31____ university officials to approve of my grandfather having a degree of recognition. We had the ____32____ that he could have that memory before his death.
My grandfather was worried he would steal the show from my graduation moment when I told him we were graduating together. I told him this is our moment and that I want to ___33___ it with him. I’m so ____34____ and proud that I was able to have this moment with him.
I ____35____ my grandfather’s lifelong passion of learning and his strong wills.
21. A. proud B. eager C. unhappy D. unable
22. A. bank B. family C. company D. business
23. A. compare B. evaluate C. balance D. accept
24. A. education B. survival C. recovery D. research
25. A. benefited B. returned C. graduated D. heard
26. A. shocked B. advised C. forced D. determined
27. A. reality B. challenge C. memory D. question
28. A. checked B. admitted C. refused D. invited
29. A. restore B. change C. decline D. improve
30. A. involved B. established C. passed D. approached
31. A. encouraged B. persuaded C. ordered D. reminded
32. A. conclusion B. achievement C. excitement D. expectation
33. A. share B. regret C. control D. discuss
34. A. independent B. helpful C. grateful D. polite
35. A. examine B. appreciate C. consider D. understand
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese couplet (对联) refers to two poetic lines obeying certain rules, often written on red paper for ___36___ (appreciate).
As a form of Chinese literature, the couplet ___37___ (vary) in content and style. Some express people’s love to their motherland, some describe the beauty of nature, ___38___ some convey best wishes for the coming year.
Chinese couplets originated in the Five Dynasties, and ___39___ (become) ubiquitous (无处不在) in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was a custom for people ___40___ (hang) peach wood charms to drive away evil spirits during the Spring Festival. Nowadays, couplets are used ___41___ a similar way.
It was said that the ___42___ (early) couplet was written by Meng Xu, king of Houshu State and it was ___43___ (extreme) popular in the Northern Song Dynasty. Since the Ming Dynasty, to write couplets ___44___ (regard) as a mark of the cultured life of scholars.
The couplet has two equal-length lines. However, ____45____ number of characters in each line can be from four to seven or more. The first and the second lines have opposite tone patterns. The last character of the first line is of an oblique tone (仄声), and its opposite in the second line, of a level tone (平声).
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你校英文报正在举办题为How English Can Help Me in My Future Life的征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，谈谈英语能怎样助力你的未来生活。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How English Can Help Me in My Future Life
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成 一篇完整的短文。
I yawned (打哈欠)as I got off the last step of the bus. I had woken early that morning, and had not been able to sleep on the long ride from Riverside High, thinking about that day’s race, the Eye Opener. I had never raced in a state-wide race before. Over thirty high school teams ran, along with quite a few colleges. The rest of my team and I unloaded the bus, and we relaxed and waited for our race patiently.
“Start warming up,” our coach told us, roughly forty-five minutes after we arrived. After finishing our stretches, we headed over to the starting line, eager for the race to begin.
The starter walked to the middle of the field. “There will be two commands,” his voice boomed, ‘‘Runners set, then the gun. If you hear another shot, return to the starting line to start again. ” My heart raced as I got my legs ready to race.
“Runners set!” the starter shouted Bam! The gun fired, and he rushed out of our way. Adrenaline (肾上腺素)rushed through my body as I raced through the mass of runners. As I rounded the first turn, my schoolmates greeted me with heartening shouts. Then, in what felt like only one minute, I arrived at the one mile mark.
“6’10”, a man declared as I ran by. I tried to ignore him, but my legs began to bum as I realized I had run a mile and still had two to go. I slowed down my pace, for I knew the second mile was the worst of all three. Minutes later, I felt horrible. My legs ached, feeling like lead blocks. My vision was clouded as sweat dropped down into my eyes, and my arms felt as if they would fall off if I swung them one more time. Just as I almost reached my limit, a boy passed me. He also seemed to have lost strength but soon he was a little ahead of me.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I gathered up my strength to speed up but suddenly fell to the ground.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In the last mile, seeing the athletes passing us one by one, I asked the boy to run without me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
开滦第二高级中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试
英语 答案解析
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Writer’s Digest Annual Writing Competition
Writer’s Digest has been shining a spotlight on up and coming writers in all genres (体裁) through its Annual Writing Competition for more than 80 years. Enter our 89th Annual Writing Competition for your chance to win and have your work be seen by editors and agents!
Prizes
·One Grand Prize winner will receive:
$5.000 in cash and an interview with them in Writer's Digest (Nov/ Dec 2022 issue) and on Writers . A paid trip to the Writer’s Digest Annual Conference, including special recognition at the keynote.
·All top winners will receive:
Their names and the title of their winning piece listed in Writer’s Digest and on Writers
A one-year subscription (new or renewal) to Writer’s Digest magazine
A one year subscription to Writer’s Digest Tutorials
20% discount off of purchases made at Writer’s Digest University
Pricing and Deadlines
·Early-Bird Deadline: May 6, 2022
Poetry entry — $20 for the first entry; $15 for each additional poetry entry.
Manuscript entry — $ 30 for the first entry; $25 for each additional manuscript entry.
·Regular Deadline: June 6, 2022
Poetry entry — $ 25 for the first entry; $20 for each additional poetry entry.
Manuscript entry — $35 for the first entry; $30 for each additional manuscript entry.
Preparing your entry
·Please submit text only; illustrations are not accepted.
·Cover pages are optional; titles are not requested or necessary.
·Word counts are not to include entry title.
·Accepted file formal: pdf. Do not attach zipped files, or documents stored on the web.
How to Enter
Create your free Submittable account by clicking the SUBMIT button. If you already have a Submittable account, simply log in!
1. What will all top winners receive
A. Their winning piece published in Writer’s Digest.
B. A paid trip to the Writer’s Digest Annual Conference.
C. Free permenant subscription to Writer’s Digest magazine.
D. Purchases at a 20% discount at Writer’s Digest University.
2. If someone submits two manuscript entries on May 22nd, how much should he pay
A. $65. B. $55. C. $45. D. $35
3. Which of the following must be submitted in an entry
A. Titles. B. Cover pages. C. Texts in pdf. D. Illustrations.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。《作家文摘》的年度写作比赛已经举办了80多年，它一直是所有流派中崭露头角的作家的关注焦点，这是一篇《作家文摘》年度写作比赛的征文启事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“All top winners will receive”部分最后一句“20% discount off of purchases made at Writer’s Digest University”(在作家文摘大学买东西可以打八折)可知，所有优胜者都可以在作家文摘大学享受8折购买优惠。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Pricing and Deadlines”部分“Regular Deadline: June 6, 2022”中的最后一句“Manuscript entry—$35 for the first entry; $30 for each additional manuscript entry.”(稿件投稿：第一次投稿$35；每增加一篇稿件30美元。)可知，如果有人在5月22日提交两份稿件，他应该支付65美元。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Preparing your entry”部分第一句中的“Please submit text only”(请只提交文字)和倒第二句“Accepted file formal: pdf.”(接受文件格式：pdf。)可知，pdf格式的文本必须在条目中提交。故选C。
B
Devon Gallagher, a college graduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly here she's been during her worldwide vacation in a special way.
The traveler, who was born with a bone disease, had her right leg amputated (截肢) at the age of four. Although the amputation caused setbacks for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.
To spread that message, Gallagher has taken to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the globe, but instead of simply using a geo-tag, she writes her location across her artificial leg before taking a picture.
Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam, relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona, posing with a waffle in Brussels, taking in the spectacular Parthenon temple in Athens and enjoying a river cruise in Budapest, all with the well-known locations written on her artificial leg.
“I get a new leg every two years and I can choose the design on it. One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalk-board, "Gallagher said. "My mum and grand-mother weren’t too keen on the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did.”
Gallagher said people often stare when she’s writing on her leg, but once she shares the photos she receives only positive feedback."My leg hasn’t stopped me from doing anything I've wanted to do, " she said. "I don’t know if it's my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, but regardless, I've been able to keep up with my peers and lead a pretty great life.”
Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art.
4. What message did Gallagher want to spread in her special way
A. She enjoys her travelling across the globe.
B. She suffers little from her legs amputation.
C. She looks on her misfortune as another form of blessing.
D. She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online.
5. Gallagher can best be described as________
A. helpful and ambitious B. friendly and generous
C. determined and creative D. independent and sensible
6. What does the underlined word “which” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A. The Continent. B. The pictures. C. The leg. D. The locations.
7. Which of the following might be the best title for the text
A. Never Too Late to Share B. A Special Artificial Leg
C. An Outstanding Photographer D. Gallagher’s Summer Holiday
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了残疾大学生德文·加拉格尔在全球各地旅行时，在自己的假肢上写上自己所在位置，然后拍照上传社交媒体，她通过这样一种方式向人们传送积极向上的信息：绝不能让任何事阻碍你的梦想。如果生活给了你一条假腿，那就让它成为艺术。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Although the amputation caused setbacks for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.(虽然截肢在早期给加拉格尔带来了挫折，但她现在认为这种不幸正是对她精彩人生的最好激励)”及第三段首句“To spread that message, Gallagher has taken to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the globe(为了传递这一信息，加拉格尔在社交媒体上分享了她在全球各地旅行的照片)”可知，Gallagher 想传递的信息是：她认为自己的不幸正是对精彩人生的最好激励，她把不幸看作是另一种形式的祝福。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中“‘My leg hasn’t stopped me from doing anything I've wanted to do, ’ she said. ‘I don’t know if it's my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, but regardless, I've been able to keep up with my peers and lead a pretty great life. ’(‘我的腿并没有阻止我做任何我想做的事情，’她说。‘我不知道是否是我的决心证明自己可以，但不管怎样，我已经能够赶上同龄人，过着非常棒的生活。’)”可知，没有什么能阻止Gallagher去做自己想做的事情，说明她意志坚定；根据第三段中“but instead of simply using a geo-tag, she writes her location across her artificial leg before taking a picture.(但她并没有简单地使用地理标签，而是在拍照前把自己的位置写在假肢上)”可知，Gallagher用一种特殊的方式来分享了她旅行，说明她非常有创意。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。分析第四段中“Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam.(现在，她一直在欧洲大陆各地拍摄照片，其中包括她在阿姆斯特丹运河上骑车的照片) ”可知，其中“which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam,”是定语从句，划线词which是关系代词，指代先行词pictures。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，残疾大学生德文·加拉格尔在全球各地旅行时，在自己的假肢上写上自己所在位置，然后拍照上传社交媒体，她通过这样一种特殊方式向人们传送积极信息。写上地名的特殊假腿是重要载体，是Gallagher传送信息的关键，所以B项“A Special Artificial Leg”是最佳标题。故选B项。
C
When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too—that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.
In the study, Hiruni Samadi Galpayage Dona, an insect expert, did an experiment using 200 untrained bumblebees to see if they might play. Of those, 45 would be marked with a number when they emerged as adults.
A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled. The other side had the same number of balls, but they were stuck to the floor. Half balls on each side were colored balls. The rest were left unpainted.
For three hours a day over 18 days, Galpayage Dona found bumblebees weren’t so interested in the side where the balls didn’t move, but they explored the side areas and interacted with the balls. Once they managed to roll a ball, they strongly preferred that side. They returned, climbing on the balls and rolling them around. She also found bumblebees preferred certain colors of balls.
“There’s something about the mobility that is more interesting for the bumblebees than just colored objects,” Galpayage Dona says. In another experiment, she sometimes left the balls out overnight. “When I came in the next day, I would always find some bumblebees rolling the balls.” As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones. Their play tapered off as they got older.
The scientists say it’s not clear why the bumblebees roll the balls or whether they enjoy it. But the experiment raises important questions about how the insects’ minds work and whether they have feelings.
8. How does the author introduce the topic
A. By describing the fun of play. B. By analyzing reasons for boredom.
C. By introducing similar phenomena. D. By presenting animals’ cute images.
9. What did the researcher do in the experiment
A. She trained bumblebees to play balls.
B. She put small balls along the pathway.
C. She set up a pathway in bumblebees’ nest.
D. She rewarded the bumblebees with rolled balls.
10. What does the underlined part “tapered off” probably mean in paragraph 5
A. Mattered. B. Helped. C. Decreased. D. Emerged.
11. What can be the best title for the text
A. Bumblebees Prefer Shape to Color
B. Balls Are Bumblebees’ Favorite Toys
C. Playing with Objects Is Animals’ Second Nature
D. Bumblebees Are the First Insects Known to Play
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，这使它们成为已知的喜欢玩耍的第一种昆虫。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When you’re bored, you might start playing with a ball or other objects. Such behavior is common in people. Other animals like it too — that’s why a dog fetches a stick, or a cat bats at toys. Play is an enjoyable way to pass the time. A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.(当你感到无聊时，你可能会开始玩球或其他物体。这种行为在人群中很常见。其他动物也喜欢它——这就是为什么狗会捡到一根棍子，或者猫会向玩具发起攻击。玩耍是消磨时间一种令人愉快的方式。一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，使它们成为已知的第一种昆虫)”可知，作者介绍了人类和一些动物是相似的，都会通过玩耍来消磨时间，以此来引起文章主题——大黄蜂也这样做。由此推知，作者通过介绍相似现象来引起文章主题。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“A pathway was set up from the bumblebees’ nest to a feeding area. One side contained small wooden balls that rolled.(一条小路从大黄蜂的巢穴通往一个进食区。一边是滚动的小木球)”可知，在实验中，研究者她把小球放在小路上。故选B。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“As with mammals, the bumblebees who played the most were the younger ones.(和哺乳动物一样，大黄蜂玩得最多的是年轻的)”和划线词所在句子“Their play tapered off as they got older.(随着年龄的增长，它们的玩耍逐渐tapered off)”可知，和哺乳动物一样，大黄蜂玩得最多的是年轻的，这说明那些岁数大的黄蜂玩得较少。由此推知，随着年龄的增长，大黄蜂的玩得次数减少。由此推知，划线短语“tapered off”意为“减少”，与C项“Decreased.(减少)”意思一样。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“A new study finds that it’s not just mammals that like to play. Bumblebees (大黄蜂) do it too, making them the first insects known to play.(一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，使它们成为已知的第一种昆虫)”可知，文章主要讲了实验表明，大黄蜂是已知的喜欢玩耍的第一种昆虫。由此可知，D项“大黄蜂是已知的玩耍的第一种昆虫”适合做文章标题。故选D。
D
If you’re a fan of fast fashion, your choices may be narrowing in the near future.
At the end of 2020, fast-fashion giant H&M said it would close 350 stores worldwide. Recently, Spanish fashion giant Inditex announced that it would close all its Bershka, Pull & Bear and Stradivarius stores in China. It all indicates that fast fashion is slowing down, noted the website Fast Company.
A major reason is the shift in the mindset (心态) of consumers. Millennials, those who were born in the 1980s or 1990s, are now the largest consumer group. Unlike their predecessors (前人), millennials are more financially stable, and thus low-priced fast fashion is not their priority. According to The South China Morning Post, more people are starting to care about quality and the stories behind a product.
Another factor is the growing concern over the fashion industry’s effect on the environment. As The New York Times noted, the fashion industry is one of the largest polluters of clean water and three-fifths of clothes produced in a year end up in landfills (垃圾场). As there is more awareness of the climate crisis, younger people are pursuing more eco-friendly choices.
Molly, 22, is one of them. Before she went to college, she used to go frequently to fast-fashion shops like Forever 21 and H&M. But after taking a class that focused on the environmental impact of clothing production, her preference changed. Now, she tries to shop in a way that is both sustainable (可持续的) and affordable: She shops second-hand. “My friend showed me how easy it was to be thrifty (节约的), and I developed a new personal style that focused less on trends but on basics that don’t go out of style,” she told MTV News.
In order to survive in the competitive market, many fast-fashion brands are making changes as well. For example, Inditex said that the company plans for all of its clothes to be sustainable by 2025.
“Sustainability is a never-ending task in which everyone here is involved,” said Pablo Isla, CEO of Inditex.
12. Why is fast fashion unpopular among millennials
A. Millennials attach more importance to quality. B. Millennials follow former generations’ style.
C. Millennials like brands with a long history. D. Millennials prefer cheaper clothes.
13. What is the main idea of paragraph 4
A. Climate change should be blamed on the fashion industry.
B. More people prefer eco-friendly fashion products.
C. Unsold clothes are a threat to the environment
D Low-quality fashion products don’t last long.
14. The author used the example of Inditex at the end to show ______.
A. how the fast-fashion industry is suffering a big loss.
B. how competition is becoming more fierce in the fashion industry.
C. how a major company can change their products to fit the market.
D. how sustainability has become the top priority for most fashion brands.
15. What is the author’s opinion on the future development of fast fashion
A. Hopeless. B. Promising. C. Unclear. D. Unpredictable.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了许多快时尚服装品牌发展速度放缓的原因，为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存，许多快速时尚品牌也在做出改变。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“According to The South China Morning Post, more people are starting to care about quality and the stories behind a product.(据《南华早报》报道，越来越多的人开始关注产品的质量和产品背后的故事)”可知，快时尚在千禧一代中不受欢迎是因为千禧一代更注重质量。故选A。
【13题详解】
段落大意题。根据第四段内容“Another factor is the growing concern over the fashion industry’s effect on the environment. As The New York Times noted, the fashion industry is one of the largest polluters of clean water and three-fifths of clothes produced in a year end up in landfills (垃圾场). As there is more awareness of the climate crisis, younger people are pursuing more eco-friendly choices.(另一个因素是人们越来越关注时装业对环境的影响。正如《纽约时报》所指出的那样，时装业是最大的清洁水污染者之一，每年生产的服装中有五分之三最终被填埋。随着人们对气候危机的意识越来越强，年轻人开始追求更环保的选择)”可知，本段是讲述快时尚发展放缓的第二个原因：时装业会对环境产生影响，所以更多人选择对环境有好处的产品。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In order to survive in the competitive market, many fast-fashion brands are making changes as well. For example, Inditex said that the company plans for all of its clothes to be sustainable by 2025.(为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存，许多快时尚品牌也在做出改变。例如，Inditex表示，该公司计划到2025年实现所有服装的可持续性)”和最后一段“‘Sustainability is a never-ending task in which everyone here is involved,’ said Pablo Isla, CEO of Inditex.(Inditex首席执行官Pablo Isla表示：‘可持续发展是一项永无止境的任务，这里的每个人都参与其中。’)”可知，为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存，许多快时尚品牌也在做出改变，接着以Inditex为例说明一个大公司是如何改变他们的产品来适应市场的。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In order to survive in the competitive market, many fast-fashion brands are making changes as well. For example, Inditex said that the company plans for all of its clothes to be sustainable by 2025.(为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存，许多快时尚品牌也在做出改变。例如，Inditex表示，该公司计划到2025年实现所有服装的可持续性)”可知，为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存，许多快时尚品牌也在做出改变，故作者对快时尚将来的发展是充满希望的，认为很有前途。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. ___16___ Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●___17___ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. ___18___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. ___19___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. ___20___ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
A. Feeling upset again
B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
【16题详解】
根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where do you start (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的You will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D. Remember, you are only human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。
【20题详解】
结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are (翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项A. Feeling upset again (再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My 88-year-old grandfather and I are both starting 2022 as new college graduates. He was ____21____ to continue school because he got married and started a ____22____ in the 1950s. Over the next few decades, he managed to ____23____ his roles as a husband, a father of five, working at a local bank and taking a college class here and there.
Our higher ____24____ journey together at Palo Alto College began in 2016. I had just ____25____ from high school then and my grandfather, 82, was ____26____ to take classes to make his lifelong dream of earning his bachelor’s degree become a ____27____. In 2017, we were both ____28____into the University of Texas at San Antonio.
Over the past year, his health has continued to ____29____ and he now has difficulty speaking. As graduation day ____30____ in December, my family and I ____31____ university officials to approve of my grandfather having a degree of recognition. We had the ____32____ that he could have that memory before his death.
My grandfather was worried he would steal the show from my graduation moment when I told him we were graduating together. I told him this is our moment and that I want to ___33___ it with him. I’m so ____34____ and proud that I was able to have this moment with him.
I ____35____ my grandfather’s lifelong passion of learning and his strong wills.
21. A. proud B. eager C. unhappy D. unable
22. A. bank B. family C. company D. business
23. A. compare B. evaluate C. balance D. accept
24. A. education B. survival C. recovery D. research
25. A. benefited B. returned C. graduated D. heard
26. A. shocked B. advised C. forced D. determined
27. A. reality B. challenge C. memory D. question
28. A. checked B. admitted C. refused D. invited
29. A. restore B. change C. decline D. improve
30. A. involved B. established C. passed D. approached
31. A. encouraged B. persuaded C. ordered D. reminded
32. A. conclusion B. achievement C. excitement D. expectation
33. A. share B. regret C. control D. discuss
34. A. independent B. helpful C. grateful D. polite
35. A. examine B. appreciate C. consider D. understand
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。经过努力，88岁的祖父实现了他的大学梦，终于和作者一起以大学毕业生的身份开始2022年的生活。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他无法继续学业，因为他在20世纪50年代结婚成家。A. proud自豪的；B. eager热情的；C. unhappy不开心的；D. unable不能的。根据后文“to continue school because he got married and started a”指因为成家不能继续学业。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他无法继续学业，因为他在20世纪50年代结婚成家。A. bank银行；B. family家；C. company公司；D. business生意。根据后文“his roles as a husband, a father of five”可知祖父因为要成家所以不能继续学业。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几十年里，他成功地平衡了自己作为一个丈夫、五个孩子的父亲、在当地一家银行工作以及到处参加大学课程的角色。A. compare比较；B. evaluate评估；C. balance平衡；D. accept接受。根据后文“his roles as a husband, a father of five, working at a local bank and taking a college class here and there”可知祖父在各种角色之间取得了平衡。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在帕洛阿尔托学院的高等教育之旅始于2016年。A. education教育；B. survival幸存；C. recovery恢复；D. research研究。根据后文“at Palo Alto College”可知是教育之旅。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我刚高中毕业，我82岁的祖父决心通过上课来实现他获得学士学位的终身梦想。A. benefited受益；B. returned返回；C. graduated毕业；D. heard听见。根据后文“into the University of Texas at San Antonio”作者去上了大学，可知但是刚高中毕业。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我刚高中毕业，我82岁的祖父决心通过上课来实现他获得学士学位的终身梦想。A. shocked震惊；B. advised建议；C. forced迫使；D. determined决定。根据后文“to take classes to make his lifelong dream of earning his bachelor’s degree”可知，82岁的祖父决心通过上课来实现他获得学士学位的终身梦想。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我刚高中毕业，我82岁的祖父决心通过上课来实现他获得学士学位的终身梦想。A. reality现实；B. challenge挑战；C. memory记忆；D. question问题。根据上文“make his lifelong dream of earning his bachelor’s degree become a”指通过上课来实现他获得学士学位的终身梦想，为make sth. become a reality表示“让……成为现实，实现”。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2017年，我们都被德克萨斯大学圣安东尼奥分校录取。A. checked检查；B. admitted承认；C. refused拒绝；D. invited邀请。根据后文“into the University of Texas at San Antonio”指被大学录取短语为be admitted into。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的一年里，他的健康状况持续恶化，现在说话有困难。A. restore恢复；B. change改变；C. decline下降，恶化；D. improve改善。根据后文“and he now has difficulty speaking”可知祖父的健康状况恶化了，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：12月，随着毕业日的临近，我和家人说服了大学官员，让我的祖父获得学位认可。A. involved涉及；B. established建立；C. passed通过；D. approached靠近。结合上文“graduation day”可知此处指毕业日的临近，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：12月，随着毕业日的临近，我和家人说服了大学官员，让我的祖父获得学位认可。A. encouraged鼓励；B. persuaded说服；C. ordered命令；D. reminded提醒。结合后文“university officials to approve of my grandfather having a degree of recognition”指作者和家人说服大学的人员给祖父学位认证，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们本来希望他在弥留之际能有那段记忆。A. conclusion结论；B. achievement成就；C. excitement激动；D. expectation期待。根据后文“he could have that memory before his death”让祖父在去世前拥有大学毕业的记忆是家人的期望。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他这是我们的时刻，我想和他分享。A. share分享；B. regret后悔；C. control控制；D. discuss讨论。根据后文“it with him”可知指和某人分享，应用share sth. with sb.。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激也很自豪能和他在一起。A. independent独立的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. grateful感谢的；D. polite礼貌的。根据后文“I was able to have this moment with him”指和祖父在一起的经历让作者觉得感激和自豪。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很欣赏我祖父毕生对学习的热情和他坚强的意志。A. examine检查；B. appreciate感激，欣赏；C. consider考虑；D. understand理解。根据后文“my grandfather’s lifelong passion of learning and his strong wills”可知祖父毕生对学习的热情和坚强的意志让作者欣赏。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese couplet (对联) refers to two poetic lines obeying certain rules, often written on red paper for ___36___ (appreciate).
As a form of Chinese literature, the couplet ___37___ (vary) in content and style. Some express people’s love to their motherland, some describe the beauty of nature, ___38___ some convey best wishes for the coming year.
Chinese couplets originated in the Five Dynasties, and ___39___ (become) ubiquitous (无处不在) in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was a custom for people ___40___ (hang) peach wood charms to drive away evil spirits during the Spring Festival. Nowadays, couplets are used ___41___ a similar way.
It was said that the ___42___ (early) couplet was written by Meng Xu, king of Houshu State and it was ___43___ (extreme) popular in the Northern Song Dynasty. Since the Ming Dynasty, to write couplets ___44___ (regard) as a mark of the cultured life of scholars.
The couplet has two equal-length lines. However, ____45____ number of characters in each line can be from four to seven or more. The first and the second lines have opposite tone patterns. The last character of the first line is of an oblique tone (仄声), and its opposite in the second line, of a level tone (平声).
【答案】36. appreciation
37. varies 38. and
39. became 40. to hang
41. in 42. earliest
43. extremely
44. has been regarded
45. the
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述中国对联的形式，表达意义和起源等信息。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国的对联是指遵循一定规则的两行诗，通常写在红纸上供欣赏。设空处接在介词for后，应用名词作宾语，appreciate 的名词形式appreciation，意为“欣赏”，不可数，故填appreciation。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：作为中国文学的一种形式，对联的内容和风格各不相同。设空处为谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是the couplet，谓语是第三人称单数，故填varies。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：有的表达了人们对祖国的爱，有的描述了自然的美丽，还有的表达了对来年的美好祝愿。分析可知，三个句子是并列的关系，后面两个句子应用and连接，故填and。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：中国的对联起源于五代，在明清时期变得普遍。设空处为谓语动词，根据上半句和上下文语境可知应用一般过去时，故填became。
【40题详解】
考查不定式。句意：人们在春节期间挂桃木符咒来驱魔是一种习俗。分析可知，本句的it为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，故填to hang。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：如今，人们也用类似的方式来使用对联。表示使用某种方式，一般用介词in，故填in。
42题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：据说，世界上最早对联是后蜀国皇帝孟昶写的，在北宋时期非常流行。设空处修饰名词作定语，应为形容词，根据句意可知是最高级，故填earliest。
【43题详解】
考查副词句意：同上。设空处修饰形容词作状语，应用副词形式，故填extremely。
【44题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：自明代起，写对联就被视为士人生活修养的标志。分析可知，设空处为谓语，根据时间状语Since the Ming Dynasty可知应用现在完成时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是不定式to write couplets，谓语用第三人称单数，故填has been regarded。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：但是，每行中的字符数可以是4到7个或更多。短语the number of，意为“……的数量”，符合句意，故填the。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你校英文报正在举办题为How English Can Help Me in My Future Life的征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，谈谈英语能怎样助力你的未来生活。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How English Can Help Me in My Future Life
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】How English Can Help Me in My Future Life
English, as we all know, is a widely used language, connecting people all over the world. Mastering the universal language can definitely open up more possibilities in the future.
As for me, I intend to become a doctor and English can help me exchange ideas with foreign experts. We can make progress together in a challenging field. Moreover, English will serve as a window to the world, allowing me to gain a global view towards life, understand people from different cultures and make more friends.
In a word, if knowledge enriches the mind, then English adds wings.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以How English Can Help Me in My Future Life为题，写一篇短文，参加校英文报的征文比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
帮助：help→assist
此外：moreover→besides
获得：gain→attain
总之：in a word→all in all
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Moreover, English will serve as a window to the world, allowing me to gain a global view towards life, understand people from different cultures and make more friends.
拓展句：Moreover, English will serve as a window to the world, which allows me to gain a global view towards life, understand people from different cultures and make more friends.
【点睛】【高分句型1】English, as we all know, is a widely used language, connecting people all over the world.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】In a word, if knowledge enriches the mind, then English adds wings.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成 一篇完整的短文。
I yawned (打哈欠)as I got off the last step of the bus. I had woken early that morning, and had not been able to sleep on the long ride from Riverside High, thinking about that day’s race, the Eye Opener. I had never raced in a state-wide race before. Over thirty high school teams ran, along with quite a few colleges. The rest of my team and I unloaded the bus, and we relaxed and waited for our race patiently.
“Start warming up,” our coach told us, roughly forty-five minutes after we arrived. After finishing our stretches, we headed over to the starting line, eager for the race to begin.
The starter walked to the middle of the field. “There will be two commands,” his voice boomed, ‘‘Runners set, then the gun. If you hear another shot, return to the starting line to start again. ” My heart raced as I got my legs ready to race.
“Runners set!” the starter shouted Bam! The gun fired, and he rushed out of our way. Adrenaline (肾上腺素)rushed through my body as I raced through the mass of runners. As I rounded the first turn, my schoolmates greeted me with heartening shouts. Then, in what felt like only one minute, I arrived at the one mile mark.
“6’10”, a man declared as I ran by. I tried to ignore him, but my legs began to bum as I realized I had run a mile and still had two to go. I slowed down my pace, for I knew the second mile was the worst of all three. Minutes later, I felt horrible. My legs ached, feeling like lead blocks. My vision was clouded as sweat dropped down into my eyes, and my arms felt as if they would fall off if I swung them one more time. Just as I almost reached my limit, a boy passed me. He also seemed to have lost strength but soon he was a little ahead of me.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I gathered up my strength to speed up but suddenly fell to the ground.
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In the last mile, seeing the athletes passing us one by one, I asked the boy to run without me.
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【答案】 I gathered up my strength to speed up but suddenly fell to the ground. My world was clouded by total darkness. How I wish the ground to crack and swallow me! I could feel everybody was staring at me, widening their mouths and not being able to utter a word. The sudden silence brought sharp pain in my knees and “failure” was the only word flashing in my mind. Then the silence was broken by a deep voice, “You won’t give up so easily, will you ” The boy ahead of me turned back and pulled me up. “Let’s run to the finishing line together!” The second mile saw its end while we ran shoulder to shoulder.
In the last mile, seeing the athletes passing us one by one, I asked the boy to rum without me. “You can win a place if you go by yourself.” I looked at him in the eyes with sweat blurring my sight. The boy breathing heavily, drops of sweat rolled down his face. He shook his head saying,“Winning a place is not that important, isn’t it ”. Then we smiled at each other as if we had been the only runners. The last mile seemed shorter and we were relieved when we passed the finishing line together with thunderous applause. I knew they cheered for us not for winning a race but for something more important.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者参加全州范围的跑步，在第二英里的时候，因为力尽而摔倒，跑他前面的男孩，鼓励作者，并帮助他一起跑完全程，最后作者明白，比赛中赢不是最重要的，坚持和友谊才是。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我鼓起力量加速，但突然倒在地上。”可知，第一段可描写作者摔倒了后的心情，以及男孩鼓励并帮助作者继续跑下去。
②由第二段首句内容“跑到最后一英里时，看到运动员们一个接一个地从我们身边经过，我让那个男孩自己跑。”可知，第二段可描写男孩子告诉作者，比赛中赢不是最重要的，并最终帮助作者一起跑过终点和作者的感悟。
2. 续写线索：作者摔倒——男孩帮助——劝男孩放弃自己——男孩拒绝——一起跑过终点——感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①凝视：stare at/gaze at
②(使)变宽：widen/extend/enlarge
③赢得一席之地：win a place/earn a slot
④知道：know/realize/comprehend
情绪类
①绝望：clouded by total darkness/hopeless/desperate
②如释重负：relieved./in relief
【点睛】[高分句型1]Then we smiled at each other as if we had been the only runners.(as if从句中使用虚拟语气)
[高分句型2]The last mile seemed shorter and we were relieved when we passed the finishing line together with thunderous applause.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
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