2024届高考英语一轮复习状语从句及英语长难句分析课件(共14张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语一轮复习状语从句及英语长难句分析课件(共14张PPT) |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-07-23 20:57:59 | ||
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(共14张PPT)
2024高考一轮复习
状语从句及英语长难句分析
1. 高考常考的引导状语从句的从属连词
复习：
①当从句交代一个事物的时候，它就是名词性从句，例如主从、宾从、表从，同位语从句；它的连接词有不在从句中做成分的______________________________________；有在从句中做主语，宾语，定语，表语等成分的连接代词_________________________________________________________;有在从句中做状语成分的连接副词_________________________________
②当从句描述一个东西的时候，它就是形容词性从句，即定语从句：它的连接词有
关系代词_________________________________________________;
关系副词 ________________________________________________
③当从句交代某个背景的时候，它就是副词性从句，即状语从句。引导状语从句的词叫从属连词。
That/whether(if)/as if/as though
who/whom/what/which/whatever/whichever/whoever/whose
When/where/why/how
Who/whom/that/which/whose/as
when，where，why
常考的从属连词：
（1）时间状语从句
when/while/as (当……时), before (在……之前), after (在……之后), since (自从 ……以来), not … until (直到……才), as soon as (一……就……), no sooner … than…, hardly/scarcely … when … (一……就……)
①When he comes here, I will call you. 考 “主将从现”和特殊句型
Sb. be about to do...when...某人刚要做某事，这时…
Sb.be doing...when... 某人正在做某事，这时…..
Sb.be on the point of doing...when... 某人正在做某事，这时…..
Sb. had just done...when... 某人刚完成某事，这时…..
②While the teacher is speaking, I am listening carefully. 考从句的进行时态
③The students took notes as they listened 考as翻译成“随着，一边…一边”
④before考固定句型
It will be＋一段时间＋before...“多久之后才……”。It will be five days before he arrives in SH.
It won't be long before...“不久之后就……”。
It won’t be long before you see him again.
It was＋一段时间＋before...“过了多久才……”。
It was two years before Macao returned to China.
⑤since 考从句用一般过去时did, 主句用现在完成时have done
I have worked in this school since I graduated from Peking University.
考固定句型 It is + 一段时间 + since sb. did… “(自从) 做某事有…… (多久)”。
It is 10 years since I began to study English.
⑥ “一…就”的表达：as soon as, no sooner … than…, hardly/scarcely … when … ；immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the minute，the instant
I’ll tell him the news as soon as he arrives.
The game had no sooner started than it began to rain heavily.
The game had hardly started when it began to rain heavily.
No sooner had the game started than it began to rain heavily.
Hardly had the game started when it began to rain heavily.
⑦not … until (直到……才) 考察句意
I didn't leave the boy until his mother turned up.
(2）条件状语从句
if，unless(＝if...not除非)，so/as long as(只要)，in case(万一)，on condition that(条件是)，suppose/supposing(假设，如果)，provided that(如果)。
If everyone does his part, the project will surely be a success.
It is so cold that you can't go outside unless fully covered in thick clothes.
So long as you run the marathon, you have the chance of winning a medal.
I will do it on condition that you help me.
You’d better have a snack in case there is no time to eat later.
Suppose/Supposing (that) they refuse us，who else can we turn to for help
(3)原因状语从句
because，as，since(既然)，now that， for（不放在句首）。
Since（now that） you can’t answer the question, you can ask someone else for help.
I didn’t go to the movies because I have to finish my report.
He must be ill, for he is absent today.
（4）让步状语从句
①although/though/while(尽管，虽然)，even though/even if(即使)。
He will never tell you the truth even if he knows it.
The old woman is unhappy though she has a lot of money.
②whether...or...(不管……还是……)；疑问词＋－ever(不管……；无论)，如whatever，whoever，whichever，however，whenever，wherever=no matter＋疑问词(不管……；无论……)。
Whether we can go or not, you guarantee to finish your homework.
Whatever/No matter what happened, he would not mind.
③as引导让步状语从句时要用倒装语序
Young as she is, she knows so much about life.
(5) 目的状语从句 in order that，so that
He worked day and night in order that he could succeed.
（6）结果状语从句 “如此……以致于……”：
so + 形容词 / 副词 + that
such + a / an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + that
such + 形容词 + 复数可数名词/不可数名词 + that
so + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词 + that
He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school.
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
(7) 比较状语从句 as … as …(和……一样), than (比)引导。
You are as tall as your father (is).
（8）地点状语从句 where ,wherever
We must camp where we can get water.
Go back where you came from.
Go back to the village where you came from.
Put the medicine where children can’t reach it.
From then on, they were happy to follow Zheng He wherever he led them.
随堂练习：
1. （2022全国甲卷）The disagreement was _______sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it.
2. （2022全国乙卷）_______you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol.
3.（2021全国甲卷）In my opinion, _______ in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.
4．（2020全国III卷）__________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
5．（2019全国III卷）On our way to the house, it was raining _______ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.
6．（2016全国II卷）So, get an early start and try to be as productive ___________ possible before lunch.
7．（2016全国III卷）Over time，____________the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
so
When/if
When/whenever
when
so
as
as
2. 状语从句的省略
（1）在状语从句中，如果从句的谓语动词含有系动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致，或其主语是it，那么从句中的主语和谓语的一部分（尤其是be动词）往往可以省略。
Though (he was) a young man, he has written three famous novels.
Though (she was) young, she had to live on himself.
When (you are) in doubt, please consult a dictionary.
He raised his hand as if (he were) to ask something.
Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the street.
When (it is) published, the novel will become one of the best-sellers of the year.
Even if (I am) invited to, I won't go to such a bad concert.
You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave.
（2）已经成了习惯表达法的句型if necessary、if possible、if true如果是真的、if so要是这样，If not
If (it is) necessary, we will buy a new car.
If (it is) possible, I’ll travel to Denmark next month.
He may be busy. If (it is) so, I’ll call later. If (it is) not, can I see him now
If (it is) true, this will cause us a lot of trouble.
3. 状语从句与非谓语动词的转换
我等车的时候，看到了她。
When I was waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her.
变为：（When）waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her.
没有收到回复，我又给他写信了。
Because I hadn’t received an answer, I wrote to him again.
Not having received an answer, I wrote to him again.
如果给我们足够的时间，我们会完成地很好的。
If we are given enough time, we will do it better.
（If）given enough time, we will do it better.
一个月没下雨了，农作物很难成长。
It hasn’t rained for a month and it makes the crops hard to grow.
变为：It hasn’t rained for a month, making the crops hard to grow.结果状语
或者Because it hasn’t rained for a month, it makes the crops hard to grow.
变为：Not having rained for a month, it makes the crops hard to grow.原因状语
改法：删掉从句连接词，删掉主语和be动词，原从句里的完成时态改成having done
练习：
1. 他在街上走着时，听到有人叫他。
2. 由于不知道她的住址，我们无法和她取得联系。
3. 我们花光了所有的钱，没有钱住宾馆了。
When he was walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.
Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.
Because we didn’t know her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
Because we had spent all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
Having spent all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
4. 高考英语长难句阅读方法（英语句子=主干+修饰）
（1）扩充句子的方法
1. 加形容词、副词，介词短语，名词
Jack met a girl.
Jack accidentally met a beautiful girl.
Jack accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York.
Jack accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York last week.
2. 加从句，介词短语，同位语
Jack accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York last week when he was trying to buy a shirt.
Jack accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York last week when he was trying to buy a shirt in a clothes shop, where the girl works.
Jack, the son of Mr. Smith, accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York last week when he was trying to buy a shirt in a clothes shop, where the girl works.
3. 加并列句，非谓语
Jack, the son of Mr. Smith, who owns 5 big business companies in USA, accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York last week when he was trying to buy a shirt in a clothes shop, where the girl works, and he soon fell in love with her, wishing to take care of her during the rest of his life.
（2）分析长难句
1、任何英文语句的复杂现象，无外乎插入语补充、介词短语补充、非谓语补充和从句补充这四种情况，你需要找到句子里的重要信息；
2、任何语句或段落都有内在逻辑关系，逻辑关系无外乎并列、递进、转折、因果这四种情况，你需要理清句子里的内容结构。
一划: 划主干(trunk), 给主谓宾划___。
二括: 给修饰语(modifiers)介短, 非谓和从句加( )。
Born in the mid-17th century in a small village named Chenjiagou located in Central China’s Henan Province, Tai Chi is not only a kind of traditional Wushu integrated with slow movements and deep breathing, but is also deeply rooted in many areas of Chinese culture, such as medicine and philosophy.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial（空间的） skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
A new study, led by Damien Farine, an ornithologist who studies collective behaviour, shows that the vulturine guineafowl of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel societies
It’s common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting seems to look back at observers, following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrong.
Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldn’t find out whether people who start out less focused toward multitasking or whether people’s recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.
2024高考一轮复习
状语从句及英语长难句分析
1. 高考常考的引导状语从句的从属连词
复习：
①当从句交代一个事物的时候，它就是名词性从句，例如主从、宾从、表从，同位语从句；它的连接词有不在从句中做成分的______________________________________；有在从句中做主语，宾语，定语，表语等成分的连接代词_________________________________________________________;有在从句中做状语成分的连接副词_________________________________
②当从句描述一个东西的时候，它就是形容词性从句，即定语从句：它的连接词有
关系代词_________________________________________________;
关系副词 ________________________________________________
③当从句交代某个背景的时候，它就是副词性从句，即状语从句。引导状语从句的词叫从属连词。
That/whether(if)/as if/as though
who/whom/what/which/whatever/whichever/whoever/whose
When/where/why/how
Who/whom/that/which/whose/as
when，where，why
常考的从属连词：
（1）时间状语从句
when/while/as (当……时), before (在……之前), after (在……之后), since (自从 ……以来), not … until (直到……才), as soon as (一……就……), no sooner … than…, hardly/scarcely … when … (一……就……)
①When he comes here, I will call you. 考 “主将从现”和特殊句型
Sb. be about to do...when...某人刚要做某事，这时…
Sb.be doing...when... 某人正在做某事，这时…..
Sb.be on the point of doing...when... 某人正在做某事，这时…..
Sb. had just done...when... 某人刚完成某事，这时…..
②While the teacher is speaking, I am listening carefully. 考从句的进行时态
③The students took notes as they listened 考as翻译成“随着，一边…一边”
④before考固定句型
It will be＋一段时间＋before...“多久之后才……”。It will be five days before he arrives in SH.
It won't be long before...“不久之后就……”。
It won’t be long before you see him again.
It was＋一段时间＋before...“过了多久才……”。
It was two years before Macao returned to China.
⑤since 考从句用一般过去时did, 主句用现在完成时have done
I have worked in this school since I graduated from Peking University.
考固定句型 It is + 一段时间 + since sb. did… “(自从) 做某事有…… (多久)”。
It is 10 years since I began to study English.
⑥ “一…就”的表达：as soon as, no sooner … than…, hardly/scarcely … when … ；immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the minute，the instant
I’ll tell him the news as soon as he arrives.
The game had no sooner started than it began to rain heavily.
The game had hardly started when it began to rain heavily.
No sooner had the game started than it began to rain heavily.
Hardly had the game started when it began to rain heavily.
⑦not … until (直到……才) 考察句意
I didn't leave the boy until his mother turned up.
(2）条件状语从句
if，unless(＝if...not除非)，so/as long as(只要)，in case(万一)，on condition that(条件是)，suppose/supposing(假设，如果)，provided that(如果)。
If everyone does his part, the project will surely be a success.
It is so cold that you can't go outside unless fully covered in thick clothes.
So long as you run the marathon, you have the chance of winning a medal.
I will do it on condition that you help me.
You’d better have a snack in case there is no time to eat later.
Suppose/Supposing (that) they refuse us，who else can we turn to for help
(3)原因状语从句
because，as，since(既然)，now that， for（不放在句首）。
Since（now that） you can’t answer the question, you can ask someone else for help.
I didn’t go to the movies because I have to finish my report.
He must be ill, for he is absent today.
（4）让步状语从句
①although/though/while(尽管，虽然)，even though/even if(即使)。
He will never tell you the truth even if he knows it.
The old woman is unhappy though she has a lot of money.
②whether...or...(不管……还是……)；疑问词＋－ever(不管……；无论)，如whatever，whoever，whichever，however，whenever，wherever=no matter＋疑问词(不管……；无论……)。
Whether we can go or not, you guarantee to finish your homework.
Whatever/No matter what happened, he would not mind.
③as引导让步状语从句时要用倒装语序
Young as she is, she knows so much about life.
(5) 目的状语从句 in order that，so that
He worked day and night in order that he could succeed.
（6）结果状语从句 “如此……以致于……”：
so + 形容词 / 副词 + that
such + a / an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + that
such + 形容词 + 复数可数名词/不可数名词 + that
so + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词 + that
He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school.
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
(7) 比较状语从句 as … as …(和……一样), than (比)引导。
You are as tall as your father (is).
（8）地点状语从句 where ,wherever
We must camp where we can get water.
Go back where you came from.
Go back to the village where you came from.
Put the medicine where children can’t reach it.
From then on, they were happy to follow Zheng He wherever he led them.
随堂练习：
1. （2022全国甲卷）The disagreement was _______sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it.
2. （2022全国乙卷）_______you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol.
3.（2021全国甲卷）In my opinion, _______ in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.
4．（2020全国III卷）__________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
5．（2019全国III卷）On our way to the house, it was raining _______ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.
6．（2016全国II卷）So, get an early start and try to be as productive ___________ possible before lunch.
7．（2016全国III卷）Over time，____________the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
so
When/if
When/whenever
when
so
as
as
2. 状语从句的省略
（1）在状语从句中，如果从句的谓语动词含有系动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致，或其主语是it，那么从句中的主语和谓语的一部分（尤其是be动词）往往可以省略。
Though (he was) a young man, he has written three famous novels.
Though (she was) young, she had to live on himself.
When (you are) in doubt, please consult a dictionary.
He raised his hand as if (he were) to ask something.
Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the street.
When (it is) published, the novel will become one of the best-sellers of the year.
Even if (I am) invited to, I won't go to such a bad concert.
You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave.
（2）已经成了习惯表达法的句型if necessary、if possible、if true如果是真的、if so要是这样，If not
If (it is) necessary, we will buy a new car.
If (it is) possible, I’ll travel to Denmark next month.
He may be busy. If (it is) so, I’ll call later. If (it is) not, can I see him now
If (it is) true, this will cause us a lot of trouble.
3. 状语从句与非谓语动词的转换
我等车的时候，看到了她。
When I was waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her.
变为：（When）waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her.
没有收到回复，我又给他写信了。
Because I hadn’t received an answer, I wrote to him again.
Not having received an answer, I wrote to him again.
如果给我们足够的时间，我们会完成地很好的。
If we are given enough time, we will do it better.
（If）given enough time, we will do it better.
一个月没下雨了，农作物很难成长。
It hasn’t rained for a month and it makes the crops hard to grow.
变为：It hasn’t rained for a month, making the crops hard to grow.结果状语
或者Because it hasn’t rained for a month, it makes the crops hard to grow.
变为：Not having rained for a month, it makes the crops hard to grow.原因状语
改法：删掉从句连接词，删掉主语和be动词，原从句里的完成时态改成having done
练习：
1. 他在街上走着时，听到有人叫他。
2. 由于不知道她的住址，我们无法和她取得联系。
3. 我们花光了所有的钱，没有钱住宾馆了。
When he was walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.
Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.
Because we didn’t know her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
Because we had spent all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
Having spent all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
4. 高考英语长难句阅读方法（英语句子=主干+修饰）
（1）扩充句子的方法
1. 加形容词、副词，介词短语，名词
Jack met a girl.
Jack accidentally met a beautiful girl.
Jack accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York.
Jack accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York last week.
2. 加从句，介词短语，同位语
Jack accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York last week when he was trying to buy a shirt.
Jack accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York last week when he was trying to buy a shirt in a clothes shop, where the girl works.
Jack, the son of Mr. Smith, accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York last week when he was trying to buy a shirt in a clothes shop, where the girl works.
3. 加并列句，非谓语
Jack, the son of Mr. Smith, who owns 5 big business companies in USA, accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York last week when he was trying to buy a shirt in a clothes shop, where the girl works, and he soon fell in love with her, wishing to take care of her during the rest of his life.
（2）分析长难句
1、任何英文语句的复杂现象，无外乎插入语补充、介词短语补充、非谓语补充和从句补充这四种情况，你需要找到句子里的重要信息；
2、任何语句或段落都有内在逻辑关系，逻辑关系无外乎并列、递进、转折、因果这四种情况，你需要理清句子里的内容结构。
一划: 划主干(trunk), 给主谓宾划___。
二括: 给修饰语(modifiers)介短, 非谓和从句加( )。
Born in the mid-17th century in a small village named Chenjiagou located in Central China’s Henan Province, Tai Chi is not only a kind of traditional Wushu integrated with slow movements and deep breathing, but is also deeply rooted in many areas of Chinese culture, such as medicine and philosophy.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial（空间的） skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
A new study, led by Damien Farine, an ornithologist who studies collective behaviour, shows that the vulturine guineafowl of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel societies
It’s common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting seems to look back at observers, following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrong.
Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldn’t find out whether people who start out less focused toward multitasking or whether people’s recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.