2023年中考英语宾语从句的用法及练习（含答案）

宾语从句用法及练习
含义：置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。
句子结构：主句 + 引导词 + 宾语从句
动词的宾语从句：
大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.
我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.
He told us that they would help us through the whole work.
他告诉我们在整个工作中,他们都会帮忙的.
介词的宾语从句：
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.
形容词的宾语从句：
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
I am sure that I will pass the exam.
我确信我会通过考试.
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
找出句子里的宾语从句：
Do you know who has won this game
I don’t know whom you should depend on.
He told us that they would help us through the whole work.
Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.
I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
He told me that he would go to the college the next year
宾语从句的连接词
从属连词：that,if,whether.
that只起引导作用，无含义，在从句中不做成分，并且通常情况下可省略。
if和whether在从句中不做成分，有“是否”的含义
He told me that he would go to the college the next year.
他告诉我他明年上大学.
I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
我不知道是否还会有公交车.
连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever等.
连接代词在从句中做成分，who指代人做主格，whom指代人做宾格，whose表示“...的”作定语，what指代物。
Do you know who has won Red Alert game
你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏？
The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.
这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.
连接副词：when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
连接副词在从句中作状语。
He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
Could you please tell me how you use the new panel
你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.
引导词 句子类型
that 陈述句
if/whether 一般疑问句
特殊疑问词 特殊疑问句
宾语从句的时态
当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响。
I know he lives here.
I know he lived here ten years ago.
I have heard that he will come tomorrow.
当主句为过去时，宾语从句的时态应该用相对应的过去的某种时态
①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生
I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.
我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.
He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.
他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读<<老人与海>>.
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.
他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉了Mary.
③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to putdown the to-do.
记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.
注：如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化
The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.
老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.
宾语从句的语序
宾语从句必须用陈述句语序
Tell him which class you are in．
Do you know what he likes？
He wanted to know when we would have the English party.
He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
宾语从句与简单句的交换。
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构。
I don’t know what I should do next.
I don’t know what to do next.
He didn’t know where he would live.
He didn’t know where to live.
单项选择
I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow. _________ he comes, I'll tell you.
A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If
2. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow.
A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether he'll come
3. Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is
A. what B. how C. whether D. where
4. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help
A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended
5. I want to know _________.
A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after
6. Do you know where _________ now
A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live
7. Do you know what time _________
A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves
8. I don't know _________. Can you tell me, please
A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players
C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are
9. The small children don't know _________.
A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings
C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings
10. I can't understand _________.
A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean
C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means
按要求转换句型。
1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China Could you tell us （改写句子）
→Could you tell us _________ Mr. Brown _________ living in China
2. "Does the girl need any help ” he asked me.（变为复合句）
→He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help．
3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子）
_________ Jim _________Tom is a student.
4. When does the train leave I want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
I want to know _________ the train _________.
5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用not．．．until改写)
They _________ go home _________ they had finished their homework．
6. Did Peter come here yesterday Li Lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句)
Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday.
答案：
1-5DDDCD 6-10ADDBD
1. if／whether; enjoys 2. if／whether; needed 3. Neither; nor 4. when; leaves
5. didn't; until 6. whether; came