2024届高考英语复习之阅读理解细节题课件(共29张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语复习之阅读理解细节题课件(共29张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 355.7KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-07-24 15:18:29 | ||
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文档简介
(共29张PPT)
阅读理解细节题
什么是细节题？
一
细节题的设问类型
1.有关键词
2.know/learn题
3.因果关系题
4.无关键词
5.according to
6.(细节题的延伸)——infer/imply题
类型一：有关键词
1. What /Which + is/ do+关键词
2. As mentioned in the passage/ According to the passage,关键词.
3. The passage shows / tells us that +关键词.
4. Which of the following is true about关键名词(according to para...)
类型二：know/learn题
1. We can know/learn from the passage/text that名词/时间状语______.
2. It can be known/ learned from the passage/paragraph... that名词______.
3. What do we know/ learn/ about名词(in paragraph…)
4. What is known/ learned about the passage /名词(in paragraph...)
5. What can we learn from + Paragraph段落/passage
6. From the passage/ paragraph one, we can learn that+主题名词
类型三：因果关系题
1.名词+ is /sb. do sth. because/due to…
2. (According to the author), why sb. do sth / why is +sth.+adj /doing / done
3. What was the reason for名词/ the aim of名词
4. What caused sth …
5. The reason why... is/ was that …
类型四：无关键词
Which of the following (statements) is true according to the passage / can be learned from the passage / the author / the original story / Paragraph段落/ the advertisement
类型五：according to
1. according to+具体人名( eg. Alex Goldberg ), .
2. according to + the author/the writer,...
类型六：细节题的延伸——infer/imply题
1. We can imply/infer from the passage/text that名词/时间状语______.
2. It can be implied/ inferred from the passage/paragraph... that名词______.
3. What do we imply/infer about名词(in paragraph ...)
4. What is implied/ inferred about the passage/名词(in paragraph ...)
5. What can we infer from + Paragraph段落/passage
6. What can be inferred about 主题名词
二
细节题的“难处”
1.题型多样
2.信息遍布全文
3. 容易遗漏要点或掉入陷阱
这么难我该怎么办？
三
细节题的解题方法
1. 找
2. 定
3. 配
“找”——找题干/选项关键词
1.特殊名词（人名，地名，专有名词）
2.数词（基数词，序数词）
3.极端词：副词（never , seldom，not）；代词（all , some, none）；
形容词比较级最高级；动词（hate, like, favor）
找找关键词吧！
65. According to Sophia, Make-A-Wish ______.
A. is an international charity
B. was understood by nobody at first
C. raises money for very poor families
D. started by drawing the interest of the public
66. What is said about Chris in Paragraph 3
A. He has been a policeman since he was seven.
B. He gave people the idea of starting Make- A-Wish.
C. He wanted people to help make his dream come true.
D. He was the first child Make-A-Wish helped after it had been set up.
人名，专有名词
代词，序数词
副词
人名，数词
数词
序数词
65. According to Sophia, Make-A-Wish ______.
A. is an international charity
B. was understood by nobody at first
C. raises money for very poor families
D. started by drawing the interest of the public
66. What is said about Chris in Paragraph 3
A. He has been a policeman since he was seven.
B. He gave people the idea of starting Make- A-Wish.
C. He wanted people to help make his dream come true.
D. He was the first child Make-A-Wish helped after it had been set up.
题干中的名词，代词和普通形容词也可以当做关键词
41. According to the author, how can we make exercise more interesting
A. By taking varied exercise.
B. By choosing simple exercise.
C. By doing regular exercise
D. By sticking to outdoor exercise
72. According to Alex Goldberg, it is difficult for schools to offer the mentoring due to ______.
A. the lack of support from firms
B. the cultural differences
C. the effect of unemployment
D. the shortage of money
关键词的特点
体现出细节性
01
独一无二
02
出现频率低
03
若上述关键词都没出现，则题干中的名词，代词和普通形容词为关键词
“定”——定位原文
When 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation (基金会), nobody understood what she was talking about. But Sophia knew just how important Make-A-Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends. We were interested in finding out more, so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say.
Sophia told us that Make -A-Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980. "It's a charity (慈善机构) that helps children who have got very serious illnesses. Make-A-Wish helps children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true, Sophia explained.
We asked Sophia how Make- A-Wish had first started. She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris, who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman. Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris's dream come true-so, with everybody's help. Chris, only seven years old at the time, had been a "policeman" for a day.“When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and that was the beginning of Make-A-Wish,” explained Sophia.
Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time. A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.
67. Which of the following is true about Make-A-Wish volunteers
A. They are important for making wishes come true.
B. They try to help children get over their illnesses.
C. They visit sick children to make them feel special.
D. They provide what is necessary to make Make-A-Wish popular.
（照搬原文）
When 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation (基金会), nobody understood what she was talking about. But Sophia knew just how important Make-A-Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends. We were interested in finding out more, so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say.
Sophia told us that Make -A-Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980. "It's a charity (慈善机构) that helps children who have got very serious illnesses. Make-A-Wish helps children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true, Sophia explained.
We asked Sophia how Make- A-Wish had first started. She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris, who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman. Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris's dream come true-so, with everybody's help. Chris, only seven years old at the time, had been a "policeman" for a day.“When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and that was the beginning of Make-A-Wish,” explained Sophia.
Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time. A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.
65. According to Sophia, Make-A-Wish ______.
A. is an international charity
B. was understood by nobody at first
C. raises money for very poor families
D. started by drawing the interest of the public
（同义词替换）
When 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation (基金会), nobody understood what she was talking about. But Sophia knew just how important Make-A-Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends. We were interested in finding out more, so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say.
Sophia told us that Make -A-Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980. "It's a charity (慈善机构) that helps children who have got very serious illnesses. Make-A-Wish helps children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true, Sophia explained.
We asked Sophia how Make- A-Wish had first started. She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris, who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman. Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris's dream come true-so, with everybody's help. Chris, only seven years old at the time, had been a "policeman" for a day.“When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and that was the beginning of Make-A-Wish,” explained Sophia.
Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time. A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.
64. Sophia found out about Make-A-Wish because her best friend had ______.
A. benefited from it
В. volunteered to help it
C. dreamed about it
D. told the author about it
（同义句改写）
Recordings of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says. Beehives (蜂窝)-- either recorded or real -may even prevent elephants from damaging farmer's crops.
In 2002, scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them. Today, Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eating crops. But before she asked farmer to go to the trouble of setting up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would scare elephants away.
Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder. Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life. Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down. Next, Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a close to each family.
From a distance, Lucy switched on the pre-recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera. Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds. Out of a total of 17 groups, only one group ignored the sound of the angry bees. Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them. When Lucy Played the sound of a waterfall (瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families, the animals were undisturbed. Even after four minutes, most of the groups stayed in one place.
Lucy is now studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times. She hasn't tested enough groups yet to know, but her initial (最初的) results were promising enough to begin trials with farmers. She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.
63. Which of the following is true according to the passage
A. Young elephants ignore African honeybees.
B. Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place.
C. Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them.
D. Farmers do not allow Lucy to conduct tests in their fields.
（“关键词”回文定位）
（同义句改写）
正选特征
照搬原文
01
同义词替换
02
同义句改写
03
“配”——匹配原文与选项
We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What's the problem It's possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging, or we think it's annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small tall is worth the trouble. Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. "Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk," he explains. "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. It's not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband," says Dunn. "But interactions with peripheral (边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. "Small talk is the basis of good manners," he says.
33.What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci？
A. Showing good manners
B. Relating to other people.
C. Focusing on a topic
D. Making business deals
connect with=relate to
Their cheery song brightens many a winter's day. But robins are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing too much. Robins are singing all night —as well as during the day, British-based researchers say.
David Dominoni, of Glasgow University, said that light from street lamps, takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds biological clock, leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.
Dr Dominoni, who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns, said lack of sleep could put the birds' health at risk. His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day. And the more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.
He told people at a conference, "There have been a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing. Singing is a costly behavior and it takes energy. So by increasing their song output, there might be some costs of energy."
And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackoiids and seagulls are also being more nocturnal. Dr Dominoni said, "in Glasgow where I live, gulls are a serious problem. I have people coming to me saying You are the bird expert. Can you help us kill these gulls " During the breeding (繁殖) season, between April and June, they are very active at night and very noisy and people can't sleep.”
Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution, other research concluded that robins living in noisy cities have started to sing at night to make themselves heard over loud noise.
However, some birds thrive (兴旺) in noisy environments. A study from California Polytechnic University found more hummingbirds in areas with heavy industrial machinery. It is thought that they are capitalising on their predators (天敌) fleeing to quieter areas.
45. Why do some birds thrive in noisy environments
A. Because there are fewer dangers.
B. Because there is more food to eat.
C. Because there is less light pollution
D. Because there are more places to take shelter.
capitalise on…从……中获利
danger n.危险物，威胁
AMENTORING (导师制) program is giving life changing opportunities to Banbury youth.
Young Inspirations was founded two years ago to provide mentoring sessions for students an unemployed young adults aged 11 to 21.
Alex Goldberg, the program's founder, said; "We set up Young Inspirations because we wanted to give young people experiences which will potentially be life changing and broaden their outlook." We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make a difference to our youth. For example we've secured internships (实习) with world-famous firms such as Honda.
"At a time of funding cutbacks where schools are finding it more and more difficult to offer this kind of mentoring, it is extremely important that these opportunities are available both to help youth with their school work and grades and to give them opportunities which may help shape their futures. " Kierar Hepburn, 14, is one of a group of Banbury youth who has benefited from the program so far. In October the Banbury School pupil was accompanied by Young Inspirations staff to Paris where he was an observer at the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's (UNESCO International Youth Forum (论坛)
Kieran said: "it has really helped me to improve my confidence and social skills as well as my school grades and I was voted most improved pupil at school in August."
The Young Inspirations mentoring sessions take place each Friday in Banbury. For details visit www..
funding cutbacks经费削减
72. According to Alex Goldberg, it is difficult for schools to offer the mentoring due to ______.
A. the lack of support from firms
B. the cultural differences
C. the effect of unemployment
D. the shortage of money
匹配“障碍”
单词短语不认识
01
长难句不会分析
02
解决方案
1.背单词
2.学语法
When 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation (基金会), nobody understood what she was talking about. But Sophia knew just how important Make-A-Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends. We were interested in finding out more, so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say.
Sophia told us that Make -A-Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980. "It's a charity (慈善机构) that helps children who have got very serious illnesses. Make-A-Wish helps children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true, Sophia explained.
We asked Sophia how Make- A-Wish had first started. She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris, who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman. Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris's dream come true-so, with everybody's help. Chris, only seven years old at the time, had been a "policeman" for a day.“When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and that was the beginning of Make-A-Wish,” explained Sophia.
Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time. A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.
65. According to Sophia, Make-A-Wish ______.
A. is an international charity
B. was understood by nobody at first
C. raises money for very poor families
D. started by drawing the interest of the public
（同义词替换）
“析”——错误选项
（张冠李戴）
（无中生有）
（无中生有）
Recordings of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says. Beehives (蜂窝)-- either recorded or real -may even prevent elephants from damaging farmer's crops.
In 2002, scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them. Today, Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eating crops. But before she asked farmer to go to the trouble of setting up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would scare elephants away.
Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder. Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life. Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down. Next, Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a close to each family.
From a distance, Lucy switched on the pre-recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera. Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds. Out of a total of 17 groups, only one group ignored the sound of the angry bees. Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them. When Lucy Played the sound of a waterfall (瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families, the animals were undisturbed. Even after four minutes, most of the groups stayed in one place.
Lucy is now studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times. She hasn't tested enough groups yet to know, but her initial (最初的) results were promising enough to begin trials with farmers. She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.
63. Which of the following is true according to the passage
A. Young elephants ignore African honeybees.
B. Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place.
C. Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them.
D. Farmers do not allow Lucy to conduct tests in their fields.
（同义句改写）
（背道而驰）
（以偏概全）
（无中生有）
错选特征
无中生有
01
张冠李戴
02
以偏概全
03
背道而驰
04
阅读理解细节题
什么是细节题？
一
细节题的设问类型
1.有关键词
2.know/learn题
3.因果关系题
4.无关键词
5.according to
6.(细节题的延伸)——infer/imply题
类型一：有关键词
1. What /Which + is/ do+关键词
2. As mentioned in the passage/ According to the passage,关键词.
3. The passage shows / tells us that +关键词.
4. Which of the following is true about关键名词(according to para...)
类型二：know/learn题
1. We can know/learn from the passage/text that名词/时间状语______.
2. It can be known/ learned from the passage/paragraph... that名词______.
3. What do we know/ learn/ about名词(in paragraph…)
4. What is known/ learned about the passage /名词(in paragraph...)
5. What can we learn from + Paragraph段落/passage
6. From the passage/ paragraph one, we can learn that+主题名词
类型三：因果关系题
1.名词+ is /sb. do sth. because/due to…
2. (According to the author), why sb. do sth / why is +sth.+adj /doing / done
3. What was the reason for名词/ the aim of名词
4. What caused sth …
5. The reason why... is/ was that …
类型四：无关键词
Which of the following (statements) is true according to the passage / can be learned from the passage / the author / the original story / Paragraph段落/ the advertisement
类型五：according to
1. according to+具体人名( eg. Alex Goldberg ), .
2. according to + the author/the writer,...
类型六：细节题的延伸——infer/imply题
1. We can imply/infer from the passage/text that名词/时间状语______.
2. It can be implied/ inferred from the passage/paragraph... that名词______.
3. What do we imply/infer about名词(in paragraph ...)
4. What is implied/ inferred about the passage/名词(in paragraph ...)
5. What can we infer from + Paragraph段落/passage
6. What can be inferred about 主题名词
二
细节题的“难处”
1.题型多样
2.信息遍布全文
3. 容易遗漏要点或掉入陷阱
这么难我该怎么办？
三
细节题的解题方法
1. 找
2. 定
3. 配
“找”——找题干/选项关键词
1.特殊名词（人名，地名，专有名词）
2.数词（基数词，序数词）
3.极端词：副词（never , seldom，not）；代词（all , some, none）；
形容词比较级最高级；动词（hate, like, favor）
找找关键词吧！
65. According to Sophia, Make-A-Wish ______.
A. is an international charity
B. was understood by nobody at first
C. raises money for very poor families
D. started by drawing the interest of the public
66. What is said about Chris in Paragraph 3
A. He has been a policeman since he was seven.
B. He gave people the idea of starting Make- A-Wish.
C. He wanted people to help make his dream come true.
D. He was the first child Make-A-Wish helped after it had been set up.
人名，专有名词
代词，序数词
副词
人名，数词
数词
序数词
65. According to Sophia, Make-A-Wish ______.
A. is an international charity
B. was understood by nobody at first
C. raises money for very poor families
D. started by drawing the interest of the public
66. What is said about Chris in Paragraph 3
A. He has been a policeman since he was seven.
B. He gave people the idea of starting Make- A-Wish.
C. He wanted people to help make his dream come true.
D. He was the first child Make-A-Wish helped after it had been set up.
题干中的名词，代词和普通形容词也可以当做关键词
41. According to the author, how can we make exercise more interesting
A. By taking varied exercise.
B. By choosing simple exercise.
C. By doing regular exercise
D. By sticking to outdoor exercise
72. According to Alex Goldberg, it is difficult for schools to offer the mentoring due to ______.
A. the lack of support from firms
B. the cultural differences
C. the effect of unemployment
D. the shortage of money
关键词的特点
体现出细节性
01
独一无二
02
出现频率低
03
若上述关键词都没出现，则题干中的名词，代词和普通形容词为关键词
“定”——定位原文
When 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation (基金会), nobody understood what she was talking about. But Sophia knew just how important Make-A-Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends. We were interested in finding out more, so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say.
Sophia told us that Make -A-Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980. "It's a charity (慈善机构) that helps children who have got very serious illnesses. Make-A-Wish helps children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true, Sophia explained.
We asked Sophia how Make- A-Wish had first started. She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris, who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman. Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris's dream come true-so, with everybody's help. Chris, only seven years old at the time, had been a "policeman" for a day.“When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and that was the beginning of Make-A-Wish,” explained Sophia.
Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time. A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.
67. Which of the following is true about Make-A-Wish volunteers
A. They are important for making wishes come true.
B. They try to help children get over their illnesses.
C. They visit sick children to make them feel special.
D. They provide what is necessary to make Make-A-Wish popular.
（照搬原文）
When 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation (基金会), nobody understood what she was talking about. But Sophia knew just how important Make-A-Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends. We were interested in finding out more, so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say.
Sophia told us that Make -A-Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980. "It's a charity (慈善机构) that helps children who have got very serious illnesses. Make-A-Wish helps children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true, Sophia explained.
We asked Sophia how Make- A-Wish had first started. She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris, who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman. Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris's dream come true-so, with everybody's help. Chris, only seven years old at the time, had been a "policeman" for a day.“When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and that was the beginning of Make-A-Wish,” explained Sophia.
Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time. A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.
65. According to Sophia, Make-A-Wish ______.
A. is an international charity
B. was understood by nobody at first
C. raises money for very poor families
D. started by drawing the interest of the public
（同义词替换）
When 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation (基金会), nobody understood what she was talking about. But Sophia knew just how important Make-A-Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends. We were interested in finding out more, so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say.
Sophia told us that Make -A-Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980. "It's a charity (慈善机构) that helps children who have got very serious illnesses. Make-A-Wish helps children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true, Sophia explained.
We asked Sophia how Make- A-Wish had first started. She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris, who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman. Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris's dream come true-so, with everybody's help. Chris, only seven years old at the time, had been a "policeman" for a day.“When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and that was the beginning of Make-A-Wish,” explained Sophia.
Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time. A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.
64. Sophia found out about Make-A-Wish because her best friend had ______.
A. benefited from it
В. volunteered to help it
C. dreamed about it
D. told the author about it
（同义句改写）
Recordings of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says. Beehives (蜂窝)-- either recorded or real -may even prevent elephants from damaging farmer's crops.
In 2002, scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them. Today, Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eating crops. But before she asked farmer to go to the trouble of setting up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would scare elephants away.
Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder. Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life. Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down. Next, Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a close to each family.
From a distance, Lucy switched on the pre-recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera. Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds. Out of a total of 17 groups, only one group ignored the sound of the angry bees. Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them. When Lucy Played the sound of a waterfall (瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families, the animals were undisturbed. Even after four minutes, most of the groups stayed in one place.
Lucy is now studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times. She hasn't tested enough groups yet to know, but her initial (最初的) results were promising enough to begin trials with farmers. She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.
63. Which of the following is true according to the passage
A. Young elephants ignore African honeybees.
B. Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place.
C. Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them.
D. Farmers do not allow Lucy to conduct tests in their fields.
（“关键词”回文定位）
（同义句改写）
正选特征
照搬原文
01
同义词替换
02
同义句改写
03
“配”——匹配原文与选项
We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What's the problem It's possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging, or we think it's annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small tall is worth the trouble. Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. "Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk," he explains. "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. It's not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband," says Dunn. "But interactions with peripheral (边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. "Small talk is the basis of good manners," he says.
33.What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci？
A. Showing good manners
B. Relating to other people.
C. Focusing on a topic
D. Making business deals
connect with=relate to
Their cheery song brightens many a winter's day. But robins are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing too much. Robins are singing all night —as well as during the day, British-based researchers say.
David Dominoni, of Glasgow University, said that light from street lamps, takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds biological clock, leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.
Dr Dominoni, who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns, said lack of sleep could put the birds' health at risk. His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day. And the more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.
He told people at a conference, "There have been a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing. Singing is a costly behavior and it takes energy. So by increasing their song output, there might be some costs of energy."
And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackoiids and seagulls are also being more nocturnal. Dr Dominoni said, "in Glasgow where I live, gulls are a serious problem. I have people coming to me saying You are the bird expert. Can you help us kill these gulls " During the breeding (繁殖) season, between April and June, they are very active at night and very noisy and people can't sleep.”
Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution, other research concluded that robins living in noisy cities have started to sing at night to make themselves heard over loud noise.
However, some birds thrive (兴旺) in noisy environments. A study from California Polytechnic University found more hummingbirds in areas with heavy industrial machinery. It is thought that they are capitalising on their predators (天敌) fleeing to quieter areas.
45. Why do some birds thrive in noisy environments
A. Because there are fewer dangers.
B. Because there is more food to eat.
C. Because there is less light pollution
D. Because there are more places to take shelter.
capitalise on…从……中获利
danger n.危险物，威胁
AMENTORING (导师制) program is giving life changing opportunities to Banbury youth.
Young Inspirations was founded two years ago to provide mentoring sessions for students an unemployed young adults aged 11 to 21.
Alex Goldberg, the program's founder, said; "We set up Young Inspirations because we wanted to give young people experiences which will potentially be life changing and broaden their outlook." We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make a difference to our youth. For example we've secured internships (实习) with world-famous firms such as Honda.
"At a time of funding cutbacks where schools are finding it more and more difficult to offer this kind of mentoring, it is extremely important that these opportunities are available both to help youth with their school work and grades and to give them opportunities which may help shape their futures. " Kierar Hepburn, 14, is one of a group of Banbury youth who has benefited from the program so far. In October the Banbury School pupil was accompanied by Young Inspirations staff to Paris where he was an observer at the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's (UNESCO International Youth Forum (论坛)
Kieran said: "it has really helped me to improve my confidence and social skills as well as my school grades and I was voted most improved pupil at school in August."
The Young Inspirations mentoring sessions take place each Friday in Banbury. For details visit www..
funding cutbacks经费削减
72. According to Alex Goldberg, it is difficult for schools to offer the mentoring due to ______.
A. the lack of support from firms
B. the cultural differences
C. the effect of unemployment
D. the shortage of money
匹配“障碍”
单词短语不认识
01
长难句不会分析
02
解决方案
1.背单词
2.学语法
When 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation (基金会), nobody understood what she was talking about. But Sophia knew just how important Make-A-Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends. We were interested in finding out more, so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say.
Sophia told us that Make -A-Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980. "It's a charity (慈善机构) that helps children who have got very serious illnesses. Make-A-Wish helps children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true, Sophia explained.
We asked Sophia how Make- A-Wish had first started. She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris, who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman. Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris's dream come true-so, with everybody's help. Chris, only seven years old at the time, had been a "policeman" for a day.“When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and that was the beginning of Make-A-Wish,” explained Sophia.
Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time. A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.
65. According to Sophia, Make-A-Wish ______.
A. is an international charity
B. was understood by nobody at first
C. raises money for very poor families
D. started by drawing the interest of the public
（同义词替换）
“析”——错误选项
（张冠李戴）
（无中生有）
（无中生有）
Recordings of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says. Beehives (蜂窝)-- either recorded or real -may even prevent elephants from damaging farmer's crops.
In 2002, scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them. Today, Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eating crops. But before she asked farmer to go to the trouble of setting up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would scare elephants away.
Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder. Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life. Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down. Next, Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a close to each family.
From a distance, Lucy switched on the pre-recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera. Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds. Out of a total of 17 groups, only one group ignored the sound of the angry bees. Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them. When Lucy Played the sound of a waterfall (瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families, the animals were undisturbed. Even after four minutes, most of the groups stayed in one place.
Lucy is now studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times. She hasn't tested enough groups yet to know, but her initial (最初的) results were promising enough to begin trials with farmers. She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.
63. Which of the following is true according to the passage
A. Young elephants ignore African honeybees.
B. Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place.
C. Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them.
D. Farmers do not allow Lucy to conduct tests in their fields.
（同义句改写）
（背道而驰）
（以偏概全）
（无中生有）
错选特征
无中生有
01
张冠李戴
02
以偏概全
03
背道而驰
04
同课章节目录