中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
熟词生义
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam.MacBike
成立近30年，是阿姆斯特丹最大的自行车租赁公司。 （阅读理解A）
around adj. 存在着，出现
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more.
2.5小时的行程包括Gooyer Windmill、Skinny Bridge、Rijksmuseum、Heineken Brewery等等。 （阅读理解A）
cover v. 包括，涵盖
Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)
为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌 （阅读理解B）
trap v捕获，捕捉
First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other.
首先，他建造了一系列相互连接的透明玻璃纤维罐。（阅读理解B）
clear adj. 透明的
Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.
渐渐地，这些不同种类的生物相互适应，形成了自己的生态系统。（阅读理解B）
life n. 生物，活物
He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington.
他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。（阅读理解B）
develop v.开发，研制
treat v.（利用化学物质或反应）处理
In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.
在此过程中，我将引用我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，1600多人同意进行数码清理。（阅读理解C）
run v. 进行，组织
What is presented in the final chapter of part one
第一部分的最后一章描述了什么 （阅读理解C）
present v. 描述
9.Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.不知何故，这些论证和推理导致了错误的全面减少。（阅读理解D）
global adj. 全面的，整体的
10.In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.”在日记或纸上，写上“个人优点”的标题。（七选五）
put v. 写，写上
strength n 优点，长处
Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did.
梅勒妮·贝利本应该比现在更早跑完全程的。 （完形填空）
course n. 赛道
12.Although the two young women were strangers before the meet, they’ve since become friends. （完形填空）
meet n. 体育赛事，运动会
13.Neither won the race, but the display of human kindness won the day.
两人都没有赢得比赛，但人类的善良赢得了胜利。（完形填空）
display n.显示，显露，表现（特性或情感等）
When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest, I said no without thinking.
当我在中学的时候，我的社会学老师让我参加一个写作比赛，我想都没想就拒绝了。（读后续写）
enter v. 参加，报名
Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts.
写作对我来说是如此困难和痛苦，以至于我的老师允许我通过表演一个剧本来展示我关于泰坦尼克号沉没的论文，我在剧中扮演所有的角色。 （读后续写）
part n. 角色2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
英语学科
本试卷共12页。考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项: 1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力（1-20小题）在笔试结束后进行。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?1100 ?7.50
1 day (24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?600
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
1. What is an advantage of MacBike
A. It gives children a discount. B. It of offers many types of bikes.
C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.
2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.
3. Where does the guided city tour start
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
B
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
7. What is the basis for John’s work
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
C
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.
8. What is the book aimed at
A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device.
9. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.
10. What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods.
C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses.
11. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends.
C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them.
D
On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates Did they follow those least willing to change their minds This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
12. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A. The methods of estimation. B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of people’s errors. D. The design of Galton’s experiment.
13. Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________.
A. the crowds were relatively small B. there were occasional underestimates
C. individuals did not communicate D. estimates were not fully independent
14. What did the follow-up study focus on
A. The size of the groups. B. The dominant members.
C. The discussion process. D. The individual estimates.
15. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies
A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a ____23____ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme ____30____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more ____31____ about why her act is considered a big ____32____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t ____33____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the ____34____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the ____35____ of human kindness won the day.
21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
24. A. race B. school C. town D. training
25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ____40____ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with ____43____ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括；
1. 说明问题；
2. 提出建议。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80个左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
I’m Li Hua from Class 3.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.
So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.
I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice.
What did the horse think, as he sped through the night Did he get tired Have doubts Did he want to quit I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere’s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.
When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I卷）
语篇理解
语篇 话题 体裁 词数 难易程度
阅读理解A 人与社会：MacBike公司的自行车租赁&游览项目介绍 应用文 205+67=272 易
阅读理解B 人与自然：一项具有环保价值的发明---生态设计 记叙文 334+114=448 易
阅读理解C 人与社会：如何建立数字极简生活方式 说明文 318+87=405 中
阅读理解D 人与社会：集体商议的智慧---群体智慧效应 说明文 337+91=428 难
七选五 人与自我：如何自我宽恕 说明文 239+82=321 中
完形填空 人与社会：越野赛跑中帮助受伤对手 记叙文 227 中
语法填空 人与社会：小笼包 记叙文 191 中
书面表达 人与自我：给外教提口语练习分组建议 应用文 80 难
课后续写 人与自我：在老师的鼓励下参加作文比赛并获奖 记叙文 320 难
试题解读：
2023高考英语新课标1卷整体偏难，听力语速快且有口音，阅读D篇、7选5、语法填空偏难。易错题包括21，33，36，37，40，56，58，59，61，63，65.尤其是36题的A/D,37的B/F,40的D/G。语篇从生物学，社会学，心理学，鸡汤，中国文化入手，比如A篇是自行车租赁的应用文，B篇是生物学，讲水中的动植物会吃掉水里的脏东西，C篇社会学，介绍digital minimalism《数字精简主义》这本书，D篇社会学，讲群体效应，一群独立估数的人估计出来的平均值会很精确（the average of a large number of independent estimates is accurate），原文链接No Man Is An Island: The Wisdom Of Deliberating Crowds : 13.7: Cosmos And Culture : NPR。7选5是心理学，标题是personal forgiveness.完形是鸡汤文，大致意思是跑步比赛扶起前面受伤的跑友，成为朋友。语法填空是中国文化，介绍小笼包，没考名词，偏难。
应用文原文梗概：假如你是李华，外教Ryan要求学生随机两人一组分组，方便大家课后练习口语，你觉得分组存在问题，向外教写一封邮件，内容如下：1.说明问题2.提出建议，字数80字左右。
续写原文梗概：我对写作文没有信心，老师却鼓励我参赛，我在努力的过程中获取了信心和乐趣，而不在意比赛本身。第一段第一句：我都快忘了比赛的时候，消息来了。第二段第一句：颁奖仪式后我去找我的老师。原文链接The Horn Book | Lighting the Candle: A Wild Ride ()。今年的读后续写是通过文学作品创作，感受语言文学之美，即“美育”，与21年为“妈妈准备早餐”的劳动教育、22年“残疾孩子参与马拉松比赛”的体育，德智体美劳终于都齐了。续写不追求情节的跌宕起伏，主要是把故事写完，把细节写好。
A篇详解
翻译：
自行车租赁和导游
欢迎来到阿姆斯特丹，欢迎来到MacBike公司。坐在自行车上你能看到更多!骑自行车是探索这座城市最经济、最可持续、最有趣的方式，这里有美丽的运河、公园、广场和无数的灯光。你也可以沿着阿姆斯特丹郊外美丽的风景骑车。
为什么选MacBike
MacBike成立近30年，是阿姆斯特丹最大的自行车租赁公司。我们在处于战略位置的五家租赁店存放了2 500多辆自行车，确保您始终有一辆自行车可用。我们提供各种各样的最新自行车，包括带脚刹车的基本自行车，带手刹车和排挡的自行车，带儿童座椅的自行车，以及儿童自行车。
价格
手制动, 三个排挡 脚刹，无排挡
1小时 7.50欧元 5.00欧元
3小时 11.00欧元 7.50欧元
一天(24小时) 14.75欧元 9.75欧元
每多一天 8.00欧元 6.00 欧元
城市导览游
2.5小时的行程包括Gooyer Windmill、Skinny Bridge、Rijksmuseum、Heineken Brewery和更多景点。该旅游团每小时从Dam Square出发，每天凌晨1点出发。你可以在MacBike商店买票，也可以在网上订票。
答案详解：
B。事实细节题。根据第一个小标题Why MacBike下的最后一句We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake, bikeswith hand brake and gears, bikes with child seats, and children's bikes.我们提供各种各样的最新自行车，包括带脚刹车的基本自行车，带手刹车和齿轮的自行车，带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车。可知，MacBike的优势在于它提供了多种种类的自行车，B. It offers many types of bikes.这里有很多种类的自行车。因此应选B。
其它选项含义：A. It gives children a discount.它给儿童打折。C. It organizes free cycle tours.它组织免费的自行车旅行。D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.它有2500多家出租店。ACD均为错误信息。
22.C事实细节题。根据题干How much do you pay for ...可以把关键信息定位在小标题Prices，第二列Hand Brake,Three Gears，租赁一天的价格为14.75欧元，再根据Each additional day,每超出一天为8欧元，因此，两天的费用为14.75+8=22.75欧元，因此应选C。
23.D事实细节题。根据题干中的the guided city tour可以把关键信息定位在最后一段，The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day.每天下午1点开始，每小时整点从Dam Square出发。因此应选D。
重难点词汇积累：
rental n. 租赁，出租--- rent v. 租赁，出租/ n. 租金
economical adj.经济的，实惠的--- economy n. 经济
sustainable adj.可持续的---sustain v. 维持，保持
canal n.运河
bike v.骑自行车
landscape n 风景，景色
strategic adj.重要的，战略(性)的
strategy n. 策略
Location n.地点，位置 ---locate v.位于
available adj.可用的，可得到的
additional adj. 附加的，另外的---addition n.增加物
cover v.涵盖，包括
depart v.出发，离开 ---departure n.离开，启程
重难点短语积累：
guided tour n.有导游的游览
welcome to sp 欢迎来某地
in a wide variety多种多样地
every hour on the hour每小时的整点
B篇详解
翻译：
约翰·托德小时候喜欢探索家附近的树林，观察自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一个污浊的小溪流经植物和岩石时，通常会变得清澈，因为那里生活着微小的生物。当他长大后，约翰开始思考是否可以利用这个过程来清理人类制造的混乱。
在大学学习农业、医学和渔业后，约翰回到了观察自然和提出问题的状态。为什么某些植物可以捕捉有害细菌？哪些鱼可以吃掉致癌化学物质？他想，通过合适的动植物组合，也许可以像自然一样清理废物。他决定建造一个他后来称之为生态机器的东西。
约翰给自己的任务是从一些污泥中清除有害物质。首先，他建造了一系列相互连接的透明玻璃纤维水箱。然后他去当地的池塘和小溪，带回了一些植物和动物。他把它们放进水箱里等待。这些不同种类的生物逐渐适应了彼此并形成了自己的生态系统。几周后，约翰加入了污泥。
他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器中的植物和动物把污泥当成食物并开始吃掉它！几周后，污泥全部被消化了，只剩下纯净的水。
多年来，约翰承担了许多重大任务。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，用于处理南伯灵顿1 600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一个生态机器，用于清理中国东南部城市福州的运河水。
约翰称自己所做的是“生态设计”。他说：“地球上的生命就像一个发明家的备用零件盒。你把生物放在新的关系中并观察发生了什么。然后你让这些新系统发展出自己的自我修复方式。”
答案详解：
24.C。推理判断题。根据前两段When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems.当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. 在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。而且下文还列举了他思考的各种各样的问题，由此可知，John Todd极有好奇心，且善于思考，C. He had an inquiring mind.他爱刨根问底。因此应选C。
题干含义：What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs 从前两段关于约翰我们可以了解到什么 其它选项的含义：A. He was fond of traveling.他喜欢旅行。B. He enjoyed being alone.他喜欢独处。D. He longed to be a doctor.D.他渴望成为一名医生。
25.D。推理判断题。根据题干中的sludge可以把关键信息定位在第三，四段。根据第三段第一句The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge. 约翰给自己定的任务是从污泥中去除有害物质。接下来First... Then...He placed...在一系列的操作之后，Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.渐渐地，这些不同种类的生命相互适应，形成了自己的生态系统。然后After a few weeks, John added the sludge.几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去。结果令人惊讶。The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃起来!几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水。由此可知，加入污泥是为了检验生态机器是不是在清洁污泥方面起作用。D. To test the eco-machine.来测试生态机器。因此应选D。
题干含义：Why did John put the sludge into the tanks 约翰为什么把污泥放进罐子里 其它选项的含义：A. To feed the animals.喂动物。B. To build an ecosystem.建立一个生态系统。C. To protect the plants.保护植物。
26.B。意图判断题。根据题干中的Fuzhou，可以把关键信息定位在第五段，第五段最后一句He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水。由此可知，这是JohnTodd所设计的生态机器的一个实际应用，B. To show an application of John’s idea.展示约翰想法的应用。因此应选B。
题干含义：What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou 作者提到福州的目的是什么 其它选项含义：A. To review John’s research plans.回顾约翰的研究计划。C. To compare John’s different jobs.比较约翰的不同工作。D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.消除对约翰发明的怀疑。
27.A。事实细节题。从文章最后一段最后两句You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式。可知，John Todd的研究依据是生态系统具有自我修复的能力，A. Nature can repair itself. 大自然可以自我修复。因此应选A。
题干含义：What is the basis for John's work 约翰工作的基础是什么 其它选项含义：B. Organisms need water to survive.生物需要水才能生存。C. Life on Earth is diverse.地球上的生命多种多样。D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.大多数小生物群居生活。
C篇详解
翻译：
这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探讨它的要求和原因，然后教你如何采用这种哲学，如果你决定这对你而言是对的话。
为此，我将书分为两部分。第一部分，我描述了数字极简主义的哲学基础，从探讨使许多人的数字生活越来越难以忍受的力量开始，然后详细讨论数字极简主义哲学。
第一部分以介绍我建议的采用这种哲学的方法结束：数字减法。这个过程需要你暂停可选的在线活动30天。在30天结束时，你将添加回一些你认为将为你重视的事情提供巨大好处的精心选择的在线活动。
在第一部分的最后一章，我将指导你完成自己的数字减法。在这样做时，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一个实验，其中超过1 600人同意进行数字减法。你将听到这些参与者的故事，了解哪些策略对他们有效，以及你应该避免的他们曾经遇到的那些陷阱。
本书的第二部分更深入地探讨了一些思想，这些思想将帮助你培养可持续的数字极简主义生活方式。在这些章节中，我探讨了诸如独处的重要性和必须培养高质量的休闲时间来替代现在大多数人花在毫无意义的设备使用上的时间等问题。每章的结尾都有一系列实践，旨在帮助你行动起来，实现这一章的大思想。你可以将这些实践视为一个工具箱，旨在帮助你为你特定的情况建立一个适合你的极简主义生活方式。
答案详解：
28.B事实细节题。根据题干中be aimed at（目的是，旨在），可以把关键信息定位在第一段的第一句The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism 这本书的目的是为数字极简主义做一个案例，由此可知，这本书的目的是向人们推荐数字极简主义，B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.倡导简单的数字生活方式。因此应选B。其它选项含义：A. Teaching critical thinking skills.教授批判性思维技能。C. Solving philosophical problems.解决哲学问题。D. Promoting the use of a digital device.促进数字设备的使用。
29.A词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days.这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。This process 指代的就是 the digital declutter. step away from远离，摆脱，由此可知，the digital declutter要求人们远离一些线上活动，A. Clear-up. 清除，清理，即清理自己的线上活动。由此应选A。其它选项含义：B. Add-on.附加装置C. Check-in.办理登机手续，入住登机D. Take-over.接管，接收。
30.C事实细节题。根据题干中the final chapter of part one，可以把关键信息定位在第四段，根据第三句You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.你将听到这些参与者的故事，了解哪些策略对他们有效，以及他们遇到的你应该避免的陷阱。由此可知，在这一部分读者可以了解到一些实验参与者的具体事例。C. Practical examples.实际例子。 由此应选C。 其它选项的含义：A. Theoretical models.理论模型。B. Statistical methods.统计方法。D. Historical analyses.历史分析。
31.A推理判断题。根据题干中的in part two可以把关键信息定位在最后一段，根据最后一段最后一句You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.你可以把这些做法看作是一个工具箱，旨在帮助你努力建立一个适合你特殊情况的极简主义生活方式。由此可推知，你可以将这些做法当作工具箱，在你需要的时候使用它。A. Use them as needed.根据需要使用它们。因此应选A。其它选项的含义：B. Recommend them to friends.推荐给朋友。C. Evaluate their effects.评估它们的影响。D. Identify the ideas behind them.找出它们背后的想法。
D篇详解
翻译：
1907年3月7日，英国统计学家弗朗西斯·高尔顿发表了一篇论文，阐述了所谓的“群体智慧”效应。他进行的估计实验表明，在某些情况下，大量独立估计的平均值可能相当准确。
这种效应利用了这样一个事实：当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人倾向于高估，有些人倾向于低估。当足够多的这些错误平均在一起时，它们会相互抵消，从而得出更准确的估计。如果人们相似并且倾向于犯相同的错误，那么他们的错误就不会相互抵消。更技术性地说，群体智慧需要人们的估计是独立的。如果由于某种原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，估计的准确性将会降低。
但是，Joaquin Navajas领导的一项新研究对这一经典现象提出了有趣的转折。该研究的关键发现是，当群体进一步分成较小的小组进行讨论时，这些小组的平均值比相同数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从五个讨论小组中四个小组的估计中得出的平均值比从20个独立个体的估计中得出的平均值要准确得多。
在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。他们是否倾向于跟随那些对自己的估计最有信心的人？他们是否跟随那些最不愿意改变想法的人？这种情况有时会发生，但并不是主要的反应。大多数情况下，小组报告说他们“分享论点并一起推理”。不知何故，这些论点和推理导致了全局误差的减少。
尽管Navajas领导的研究存在局限性，仍有许多问题有待解决，但对于小组讨论和决策制定的潜在影响是巨大的。
答案详解：
32.B主旨大意题。根据第二段This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren't always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate.这种效应利用了这样一个事实:当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人倾向于高估，有些人倾向于低估。当足够多的这些误差被平均在一起时，它们就会相互抵消，从而得到更准确的估计。这就是群体智慧效应的基本逻辑。B. The underlying logic of the effect. B.效应的基本逻辑。因此应选B。其它选项含义A. The methods of estimation. 估计方法。C. The causes of people’s errors. 人们犯错的原因。D. The design of Galton’s experiment.高尔顿实验的设计
33.D事实细节题。根据题干中Navajas，可以把关键信息定为在第三段，根据第三段The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步分成更小的群体并允许进行讨论时，这些群体的平均值比同样数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。 由此可知，即使人们的估算是经过小组讨论的，不是独立的，但平均值更准确，平均的估算准确度也会提高。D. estimates were not fully independent估算不是完全独立的，因此应选D。其它选项的含义：A. the crowds were relatively small 人群相对较少B. there were occasional underestimates偶尔会有低估C. individuals did not communicate 个体之间没有交流
34.C事实细节题。根据题干中the follow-up study 可以把根据信息定为在最后一段，根据最后一段中的In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion.在对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。由此可知，在后续的研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员讨论的过程。C. The discussion process.讨论过程。因此应选C。其它选项的含义A. The size of the groups.群体的规模 B. The dominant members.主要成员。D. The individual estimates.个人估计。
D观点态度题。根据最后一段中的Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.虽然纳瓦哈人领导的研究有局限性，还有许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。可知，作者对Navajas的研究是支持的。D. Approving.赞成的，支持的，因此应选D。其它选项的含义：A. Unclear.不清楚的 B. Dismissive.不屑一顾的。C. Doubtful.怀疑的。
重难点词汇积累：
statistician n.统计学家；
illustrate v.说明，阐明；
average n.平均数---average v.计算平均值；
independent adj.独立的；---dependent adj. 依赖的；
estimate n/v估计，估算；estimation n 估计，估算overestimate v过高估计；underestimate v低估；
accurate adj. 准确的；---accuracy n. 准确性；
classic adj.经典的；
phenomenon n. 现象；
individual n. 个人，个体；
significantly adv. 显著地；
dominant adj.首要的，占支配地位的；
response n. 反应；
frequently adv.经常地；
reason v.思考，推理；
argument n.论点，论据；
global adj. 整体的，全面的；
reduction n. 减少；
potential adj.潜在的；
enormous adj.巨大的；
limitation n. 局限；
Implication n.可能的影响；
underlying adj.潜在的，根本的；
logic n. 逻辑
occasional adj. 偶尔的；
process n.过程，进程；
dismissive adj. 不屑一顾的；
doubtful adj. 怀疑的；
approving adj. 赞成的，支持的
重难点短语积累：
be known as作为...而出名，被称为；
conduct /do/carry out /perform an experiment做实验；
in some cases在某些情况下；
capitalize on充分利用；（近义短语make full/good use of 充分利用make the best/most of 充分利用take advantage of 利用，占便宜）；
make errors/mistakes犯错；
tend to do sth倾向于做某事，往往做某事；
cancel out抵消，取消；
result in导致，引起；
in technical terms用专业术语来说；
for whatever reasons无论什么原因；
go down下降；
be divided into被分成；
for instance/example例如；
in a follow-up study 在一项后续研究中
get a better sense of对...有更好地了解/感觉；
be willing to do sth乐意做某事；
change one's mind改变主意；
focus on/concentrate on专注于，集中于
七选五
翻译：
自我宽恕
为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人都是会犯错误的。宽恕自己也同样重要。你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。
在日记或纸上，写上“个人优点”的标题。现在列出所有你喜欢自己的特点。你关心他人吗 有创造力吗 慷慨的吗 一个好的倾听者 有乐趣吗 它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。
在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。不管它是什么，不管它看起来有多小，把它写下来。
你可以让朋友或家人帮你添加到你的列表中。他们甚至可能想尝试一下做这个练习。这样，你们就可以交换想法，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。
大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是老生常谈。事实是，这是真的。不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。我们一直都在改变和学习，错误是发展和成长的积极方式。
B现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点
C他们甚至可能想尝试做一下这个练习
D宽恕自己也同样重要
F无论是什么事，无论看起来多么微小，都写下来
G不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你个性中固定的一面
答案详解:
36.D。空格处在段落的中间，起到承上启下的作用。空格前Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human.为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人都会犯错的。空格后You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。This指代的就是空格处的内容。结合文章标题和下文内容可知，文章主要讲自我宽恕，所以空格处内容应该与自我宽恕有关。D选项It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.宽恕自己也同样重要，符合语境，因此应选D。
37.B。空格处在段落的中间，起到承上启下的作用。空格前In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 在日记或一张纸上写上标题 “个人优点”,空格后Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around 你关心他人吗 有创造力吗 慷慨吗 是一个好的倾听者 有乐趣吗 是作者列举的具体的性格方面的优点,由此可知该空格处应与列举自己的优点有关，B选项Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点，符合语境，因此应选B。
38.F。空格处在段落的结尾，内容往往要么是承上而来，要么是对这一段的总结。根据本段的首句At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.”On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others.在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。以及下文中的具体的好事（帮助朋友完成家庭作业、主动帮忙熨衣服，或在家人劳累一天后烤饼干），由此可知，空格处要么是继续列举自己做过的好事，要么是对这一段的总结。F选项Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.无论是什么事，无论看起来多么微小，都写下来，是对上文列出善举这一做法的总结。因此应选F。
39.C。空格处在段落的中间，起到承上启下的作用。空格前You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.你可以让朋友或家人帮忙你添加你的列表内容”,空格后That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. 这样，你们就可以交换想法，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。that way指代空格处的内容。由此可知，空格处应与家人和朋友帮忙添加列表内容有关，C选项They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.他们甚至可能想尝试做一下这个练习，其中They指代空格前a friend or family member，the exercise指代help add to your list.这个活动，因此应选C。
40.G。空格处在段落的中间，起到承上启下的作用。根据空格前It's something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true.大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是老生常谈。事实是，这是真的。由此可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习的。空格后We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.我们一直都在改变和学习，错误是发展和成长的积极方式。G 选项Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality.不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你个性中固定的一面。G选项中的fixed(固定的与空格后的changing为相反含义，承上启下，符合语境。因此应选G。
完形填空
翻译：
10月11 日，数百名选手在明尼苏达州参加了一场越野赛。梅兰妮·贝利本来可以更早完成比赛。她之所以迟到，是因为她背着一名选手穿过终点线。
据当地一家报纸报道，当贝利在比赛的三分之二以上的路程时，前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。贝利挽着她的胳膊，看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。她做不到。然后，贝利弯下腰，让丹尼尔勒努爬到她的背上，一路背着她到达终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到达勒努可以得到医疗护理的地方。
一到那里，勒努就接受了评估，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。如果没有贝利的帮助，她会在极度痛苦中挣扎着到达援助检查站。
至于贝利，她更困惑的是，为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。“她在哭泣，我不能离开她，”贝利告诉记者。“我觉得我只是在做正确的事情。”
尽管这两位年轻女子在见面前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。虽然两人都没有赢得比赛，但她们展示的人类善意赢得了比赛。
答案详解：
41.D根据前文hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race可知，Bailey在参加越野比赛，根据下文可知，她是帮助了一位受伤的运动员，should have done表示本应该，所以此处应为她本应该更早一些跑完全程，finished完成，因此应选D。
42.A根据上文的should have finished the cause earlier than she did，可知Bailey耽搁了比赛，delay耽搁，因此应选A。
43.D根据本句中的across the finish line通过终点线，根据第二段的to help her fellow runner中的runner赛跑的人,可知Lenoue也是越野赛选手。competitor选手，竞赛者，因此应选D。
44.A根据第一段的hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race及第二段的Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through可知，Bailey已经跑了比赛全程的三分之二以上。race比赛，因此应选A。
45.C根据下文的to help her fellow runner可知，Bailey停了下来帮助和她一起参赛的选手。stop to do sth停下来做某事 stop doing停止做某事。
46.B根据本句中的took her arm to see可知，Bailey是搀着Lenoue的胳膊，想看看能否帮她往前走。aid帮助，因此应选B。
47.D根据下文的let Lenoue climb onto her back可推知，Bailey应该是弯下腰让Lenoue趴到自己背上。bent down弯腰，因此应选D。A. went away离开B. stood up站起来C. stepped aside让路。
48.A根据上文的began crying in pain开始痛苦地哭泣，可知Lenoue应该是受伤了，因此需要接受医疗救护。medical 医疗的，因此应选A。
49.B根据上文的Once there和下文的and later taken to a hospital可知，在那里，医生对Lenoue的身体状况进行了检查评估,看伤情如何，然后将她送往医院。assessed对...进行评估，因此应选B。
50.B根据前文where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees.她在那里得知她的一个膝盖受了重伤，可知如果没有Bailey的帮助，Lenoue自己走到援助检查站将会承受巨大的痛苦，pain痛苦，因此应选B。
51.C根据下文的why可知，此处应是表示对某事困惑不解，confused困惑的, 因此应选C。
52.D根据下文I feel like I was just doing the right thing. 我感觉我只是做了一件对的事情，与前文应该形成对比，让她疑惑的应是为什么这样一件事情会被人们认为她是很了不起的人。a big deal重要的人物，重要的事情，因此应选D。
53.A根据上文的She was just crying.可知当Bailey看到Lenoue哭泣时，不会丢下她不管。leave离开某人某处，因此应选A。
54.C根据下文的they've since become friends可知，Bailey和Lenoue在比赛之前虽然素不相识，但这次赛事之后，两人成了朋友。meet<美>运动会，赛事，因此应选C。
B根据全文可知，Bailey为了将膝盖受伤的Lenoue背至终点就医，耽误了自己的比赛，尽管二人都没有赢得比赛，但是Bailey的所作所为是善意的体现, 人类的善良赢得了胜利。display表现，体现，因此应选B。
重点词汇/短语：
1. should have done 考查虚拟语气，本来应该做某事
2. course 考查熟词僻义：课程、进程、路线。
本文考查路线这个含义。
辨析：course用于表示“课程,学程”时为可数名词,常指以一定的时间为期限开设的课程。表示“某学科的课程”,后面一般接介词in。
course用于表示“进程,过程”时,为不可数名词,一般指事物自然的发展过程。
course作“途径”“路线”解时,可表示行动的方针、途径,行事的方法,作此解时是可数名词。
3. take one’s arm挽着某人的胳膊,考查动词短语
4. aid checkpoint 援助检查站
5. A big deal 非常重要的事情
6. win the day 得胜；占上风；取得成功（等于carry the day）
课后续写：
翻译：
当我在中学的时候，我的社会学老师让我参加一个写作比赛，我想都没想就拒绝了。我不喜欢写作。我的家庭来自巴西，所以英语只是我的第二语言。写作对我来说是如此困难和痛苦，以至于我的老师允许我通过表演一个剧本来展示我关于泰坦尼克号沉没的论文，我在剧中扮演所有的角色。没有人比他笑得更厉害了。
那么，为什么他突然强迫我做一件我肯定会失败的事情呢 他回答说:“因为我喜欢你的故事。如果你愿意努力，我认为你会有很好的机会。”受到他的话的鼓舞，我同意试一试。
我选择保罗·里维尔的马作为我的主题。保罗·里维尔是波士顿的一名银匠，1775年4月18日晚上，他骑着马到列克星敦去警告人们英国士兵要来了。我的故事来源是可靠的。不是个好主意，但很有趣，别人不太可能选择这个主题。
马在黑夜中疾驰时在想什么呢 他累了吗 有疑问吗 他想放弃吗 我立刻表示同情。我累了。我有过怀疑。我想放弃。但是，就像里维尔的马一样，我继续前进。我工作很努力。我检查了我的拼写。我请姐姐纠正我的语法。我从图书馆借了六本关于保罗·里维尔的书。我甚至读了一些。
当我把文章交给老师时，他读了后大笑着说:“太好了。现在，再写一遍。”我写了一遍又一遍。当我终于写完时，获胜的念头已经让位于写作的乐趣。如果我没赢，我也不在乎。
语篇解读：
文章主旨：
我作为一个来自巴西，英语为第二语言的孩子，英语写作特别困难，但在老师的鼓励之下，通过自己的努力获得了写作的乐趣。
主要情节分析：
1. 我在中学的时候，我的社会学老师让我参加一个写作比赛，我拒绝了。
2. 写作对于我来说特别困难，特别痛苦，不明白为什么老师强迫我做一件我肯定会失败的事情。
3. 老师说：“如果你愿意努力，我认为你会有很好的机会。”受到他的话的鼓舞，我同意试一试。
4. 我选择保罗·里维尔的马作为我的主题。我认真思考，查阅资料，请姐姐帮忙，非常努力地准备。
5. 当我把文章交给老师时，老师鼓励我再写一遍，在一遍一遍的修改过程中我获得了写作的乐趣。人物性格分析：
我：
1.作者开始的时候因为英语写作不好，比较自卑。
When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest, I said no without thinking.
So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail
2.在受到老师鼓励的时候，敢于尝试。
Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.
3.善于思考。
What did the horse think, as he sped through the night Did he get tired Have doubts Did he want to quit
4.意志坚强，勤奋努力。
I wanted to quit. But, like Revere's horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half-dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.
5.苦中作乐。
I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing.
6. 对赢得比赛没有信心，但并不在乎。
If I didn't win, I wouldn't care.
我的社会学老师：
1.欣赏学生，善于通过不同的方式让学生展示自己的才能。
Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.
2.善于鼓励学生，给学生以信心。
His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you're willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.”
3.对学生要求严格，一丝不苟。
When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud and said, “Great. Now, write it again.”
作者情感的变化：
自卑---怀疑自己---坚持不懈---从修改文章中获得乐趣--对赢得比赛没有信心，但对结果并不在乎
文章主题：
弘扬正能量：只要坚持不懈的努力，即使是自己不擅长的领域也会有所收获。老师的欣赏和鼓励会对学生产生积极的影响。
续写段首句分析：
第一段：A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news.几个星期后，当我几乎忘记比赛的时候，传来了消息。
根据前面的分析可知，作者在准备写作比赛方面非常努力，老师严格要求，文章反复修改，所以他是有可能获奖的。再根据第二段首句中的after the award presentation，可以确定几周之后的消息是他获奖的消息。第一段应该写他获奖后的心情：不敢相信，激动，喜悦。这时他应该想到了鼓励帮助他的老师。
第二段：I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation.颁奖典礼后，我去了老师的办公室。
作者应该对鼓励帮助过他的老师充满感激，对老师表达自己的感谢，作为一位欣赏学生并严格要求学生的老师，老师应该会更加欣赏自己的学生，并进一步地鼓励作者相信自己，继续努力，取得更大的进步。作者有可能从此爱上了写作。
参考范文：
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I won the first place. Hearing the news, I stood there, frozen. I couldn't believe my ears. Had I heard right My classmates gave me a look of disbelief at first, and then cheered and clapped happily. When I came to my senses, tears of excitement came to my eyes. At the award presentation, I accepted the award certificate, extremely nervous and excited. At that moment, I couldn’t help thinking of my teacher.
I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation. When I presented the award certificate to my teacher, his eyes glistening with tears, he reached out his hands and hugged me tightly. I expressed my sincerest gratitude to the teacher and attributed this small achievement to him. Looking into my eyes, he said, “I'm so proud of you. It's your own hard work that paid off. Believe in yourself and you can write better and better.” I nodded determinedly. That was when I fell in love with writing.
语法填空
考点：非谓语动词：4个（57，59，61，65），词性转换2个（56，64）关联词1个（58），介词1个（60） 代词1个（62），冠词1个（63）
翻译：
小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的包子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。送来的包子冒着热气，热得要命。要吃包子，你必须决定是先咬一个小洞，冒着流出汁水的风险，还是把整个包子放进嘴里，让热汤烫伤你的舌头。
上海可能是公认的汤包之乡，但饮食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——包子更多，汤更少，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。
除了南翔，最好的小笼包包子皮非常劲道，使得包子从蒸笼中拿出来而不会撕裂或洒出任何包子馅。肉是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤是热的，清澈的，美味的。
无论我在哪里买汤包，一笼屉是不够的，然而两笼屉似乎有点贪婪，所以我总是想下次多吃一些。
详解：
tasty。考查词性转换。本句主要结构为Xiao long bao(soup dumplings)are my favorite Chinese street food.中间those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers,为同位语，encasing hot为定语修饰wrappers
57. to bite。考查非谓语动词。本句主要结构为you have to decide +（whether+不定式）作宾语，______(bite) a small hole in it first与下文to put the whole dumpling in your mouth为并列关系，因此应填to bite。
58. or。考查关联词。根据句意可知：要吃包子，你必须决定是...还是...，结合上文whether to bite a small hole in it first，是先咬一个小洞，此处应为 or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth还是把整个包子放进嘴里，因此应填or。
59. recognized。考查非谓语动词。名词home前需要定语，提示词recognize为动词，公认，认可，此处the ______(recognize)home of the soup dumplings表达的应为公认的汤包之乡，recognize与home之间为被动关系，所以应用过去分词作定语修饰home，因此应填recognized。
60. by。考查介词。此句the wrappers are pressed 60______ hand rather than rolled.表达的是 包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand用手，因此应填by。
61. to be lifted。考查非谓语动词。本句主要结构为the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin。后面allowing them _______ (lift) out of the steamer basket...，为非限制性定语修饰skin。空格处为allow的宾语补足语，lift与宾语them之间为被动关系，allow sth. to be done使...被做，因此应填to be lifted。
62. their。考查代词。本句中contents（内容物，此处应指包子馅）为名词，需要形容词性的物主代词修饰，因此应填their。
63. a。考查冠词。a touch of 一点点，淡淡的，稍许，本句The meat should be fresh with a touch of sweetness 句意为：肉应该是新鲜的，带点甜味。
64. rarely。考查词性转换。本句为系表结构，表语enough为形容词，副词修饰形容词，因此应填rarely。
65. wanting。考查非谓语动词。本句 so I am always left 65 _____(want) more next time.所以我总是想下次多吃一些。leave sb doing sth让某人做某事，侧重于指使某人保持做某事的状态，本句中使用的是本结构的被动语态，sb be left doing sth，因此应填wanting。
