2023—2024学年度 高一年级下学期
期末考试
英语学科试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Which of the following does the woman advise the man to buy
A. A toy bear. B. A book C. A telescope.
2. Who broke the pen
A. The man B. The woman. C. The man’s mother.
3. When are the speakers going to leave
A. At 2:45. B. At 3:15. C. At 3:45.
4.Where did Lucy probably go just now
A. To the bookstore. B. To the post office. C. To the supermarket
5. How does the man want to travel
A. By car. B. By train. C.By plane.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the speakers’ attitude towards taking the bus
A. Unconcerned. B. Negative. C. Understanding.
7. What will the speakers do next
A. Ride a bicycle. B. Hold a party. C. Wait for another bus.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What did the man do a week ago
A. He began to write his essay.
B. He went to a club meeting.
C. He handed in his physical paper.
9. What is the woman’s English essay about
A. A typical foreign school.
B. A typical foreign school day.
C. A writer in another country.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does Jack offer to do for Mary
A.Show her around the neighborhood.
B. Help her improve her English.
C. Introduce her to his neighbors.
11. What does Mary plan to do on Thursday
A. Look for a flat. B. Meet a friend. C. Decorate a garden.
12. What will Jack’s neighbors prepare for the gathering
A. Some coffee. B.A cake. C. Some flowers.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Strangers. B. Relatives. C. Roommates.
14. Where did the man get the information about the flat
A. On the blackboard. B. On the Internet. C. In the newspaper
15. How many bedrooms are there in the flat
A. One. B. Three. C.Two.
16 What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Pay the rent first. B. Go to see the flat. C.Call her this afternoon
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about
A. His hobbies. B. His school daily routine. C. His weekend plan.
18. How long do morning classes take
A. 4.5 hours B. 4 hours. C.3.5 hours.
19. What kind of sport does the speaker like to play after class
A. Table tennis. B. Football. C. Basketball.
20. What does the speaker usually do between 10:00 pm and 10:30 pm
A. He takes a bath. B. He does his homework. C.He listens to music.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day (24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
1. What is an advantage of MacBike
A. It gives children a discount. B. It offers many types of bikes.
C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.
2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.
3. Where does the guided city tour start
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
B
A team of researchers at ETH Zurich has the perfect long-lasting solution to our fog problem. They have developed a very thin and gold-based transparent coating (涂层) that can convert sunlight into heat, which can be applied to glass and other surfaces to prevent them from fogging.
The special coating is developed using titanium oxide and gold particles. It selectively absorbs infrared radiations (红外线照射) from the sunlight and creates a heating effect that is powerful enough to keep fog away from the surface of an object. The coating basically employs heat to stop fogging. The coating absorbs a large part of the infrared radiation, which causes it to heat up-by up to 8℃.
Previously, products like anti-fogging sprays create a very thin film of water on the surface to remove fog. The problem with such surfaces is pollution. Along with water, the sprays also attract dirt, dust, oil, and various other dirty substances, and just a little dirt on the surface makes it useless. However, the new coating repels (排斥) water. Furthermore, the coating is significantly thinner, which makes it more transparent as well as flexible. It is heated passively and requires, during daytime, no additional energy source.
Gold might be expensive, but the researchers stress that their coating requires so little that the material costs remain low. Their coating is produced with standardized and readily scalable methods, all cost-effectively. However, although this product can work at very low levels of solar irradiation, it does rely on a certain amount of light.
The researchers will develop the coating further for other applications. In the process, they will examine whether other metals work just as well as gold. There is no need to fear. However, this would cause a car or a building to heat up more in the summer. The researchers have already filed a patent. Hopefully, this groundbreaking product will soon be available on the market.
4 How does the new coating work to remove fog
A. By reflecting part of sunlight selectively.
B. By keeping cool air away from the object.
C. By creating a thin film of water on the surface.
D. By absorbing infrared radiations to heat the coating.
5. Why does the author mention previous anti-fogging products
A. To stress the advantages of the new coating.
B. To introduce the inspiration behind the new coating.
C. To prove the difficulty of creating anti-fogging products.
D To explain the reason for the anti-fogging coating being popular .
6. What is the limitation of the new coating
A. It is considerably expensive.
B. It depends on sunlight to work.
C. It takes too much time to produce.
D. It is difficult to clean and maintain.
7. What do the researchers plan to do next
A. Apply for a patent for the invention.
B. Develop the product for more practical uses.
C. Explore the environmental impact of the coating.
D. Seek a cheaper material as an alternative to gold.
C
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
8. What is the book aimed at
A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device.
9. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.
10 What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods.
C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses.
11. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends.
C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them.
D
Children who spend more time playing adventurously have lower symptoms of anxiety and depression and were happier over the first Covid-19 lockdown, according to a new study led by the University of Exeter. Today’s children have fewer opportunities for adventurous play, such as climbing trees, riding bikes, or jumping from high surfaces. The study sought to test theories that adventurous play offers learning opportunities that help build resilience(适应力)in children, thereby helping to prevent mental health problems.
The research team surveyed nearly 2500 parents of children aged 5-1 1 years. Parents completed questions about their child’s play their general mental health pre-Covid and their mood during the first Covid-19 lockdown.
Researchers found that children who spent more time playing outside had fewer “internalizing problems,” characterized as anxiety and depression. Those children were also more positive during the first lockdown. Results were consistent even after researchers factored in a wide range of demographic variables(人口统计学变量)including child sex, age, parent employment status and parent mental health. They also found that the effect was clear in children from lower income families than those growing up in higher income homes.
“This is positive because play is free, natural, and rewarding for children, available to everyone, and doesn’t require special skills. We now urgently need to invest in and protect natural spaces, well-designed parks, and adventure playgrounds, to support the mental health of our children,” Helen Dodd, who led the study, said.
“The rewards of allowing children to self-regulate and manage challenge in their play are widespread and far-reaching. Adventurous play helps children to build the resilience needed to deal with, and manage stress in challenging situations,” said Jacqueline O’Loughlin, Chief Executive of PlayBoard NI. “Children and young people need freedom and opportunities to encounter challenge and risk in their everyday playful adventures.”
12. What does the new study focus on
A. The influence of adventurous play on children.
B. Children’s social needs during the Covid-19 lockdown.
C. Ways of improving children’s resilience.
D. Symptoms of anxiety and depression in children.
13. What is the third paragraph mainly about
A. The significance of the research. B. The process of the research.
C. The limitations of the research. D. The results of the research.
14. What does Helen Dodd advise people to do
A. Allow children to use natural spaces for free.
B. Reward children for attending adventurous play.
C. Create opportunities for children to adventure.
D. Encourage children to learn special skills for adventures.
15. What is O’Loughlin’s attitude towards adventurous play
A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Disapproving. D. Uncaring.
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There is one answer. ___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___19___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a ____23____ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme _____30_____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more _____31_____ about why her act is considered a big _____32_____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t _____33_____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the _____34_____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the _____35_____ of human kindness won the day.
21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
24. A. race B. school C. town D. training
25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
36. China has sent Chang’e 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and _______(observe).(所给词的适当形式填空)
37. In closing, exploring space provides the world _______many different benefits. (用适当的词填空)
38. And it was the ship_______brought you to England. (用适当的词填空)
39. You would have to wait a long time to get_______(pay). (所给词的适当形式填空)
40. He was selected________(attend) pilot training. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41. Astronauts had to be shorter than 172 cm in _______.(high) (所给词的适当形式填空)
42. You must be intelligent to get a ________(relate) college degree. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43. The desire________(explore) the universe never died. (所给词的适当形式填空)
44. After careful analysis, the scientists can provide useful _________(recommend) and suggestions for farmers. (所给词的适当形式填空)
45. I found myself________(carry)out to sea by a strong wind. (所给词的适当形式填空）
第四部分 写作(满分25分)
46. 随着世界太空技术的发展，人类的太空梦不再是梦。但是也有人觉得耗费大量的人力和财力来研究和开发太空资源不切实际，不如将这些人力和财力用来着重解决人类当前面临的重大问题，改善地球的生存环境。对此，你有何看法？以“Developing space technology, worthwhile or not ”为题写一篇80词左右的短文。
Developing space technology, worthwhile or not
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力：1-20 CCABCBABBCBCABCBBCCC2023—2024学年度 高一年级下学期
期末考试
英语学科试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Which of the following does the woman advise the man to buy
A. A toy bear. B. A book C. A telescope.
2. Who broke the pen
A. The man B. The woman. C. The man’s mother.
3. When are the speakers going to leave
A. At 2:45. B. At 3:15. C. At 3:45.
4.Where did Lucy probably go just now
A. To the bookstore. B. To the post office. C. To the supermarket
5. How does the man want to travel
A. By car. B. By train. C.By plane.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the speakers’ attitude towards taking the bus
A. Unconcerned. B. Negative. C. Understanding.
7. What will the speakers do next
A. Ride a bicycle. B. Hold a party. C. Wait for another bus.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What did the man do a week ago
A. He began to write his essay.
B. He went to a club meeting.
C. He handed in his physical paper.
9. What is the woman’s English essay about
A. A typical foreign school.
B. A typical foreign school day.
C. A writer in another country.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does Jack offer to do for Mary
A.Show her around the neighborhood.
B. Help her improve her English.
C Introduce her to his neighbors.
11 What does Mary plan to do on Thursday
A. Look for a flat. B. Meet a friend. C. Decorate a garden.
12. What will Jack’s neighbors prepare for the gathering
A. Some coffee. B.A cake. C. Some flowers.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Strangers. B. Relatives. C. Roommates.
14. Where did the man get the information about the flat
A On the blackboard. B. On the Internet. C. In the newspaper
15. How many bedrooms are there in the flat
A. One. B. Three. C.Two.
16. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Pay the rent first. B. Go to see the flat. C.Call her this afternoon
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about
A. His hobbies. B. His school daily routine. C. His weekend plan.
18. How long do morning classes take
A. 4.5 hours B. 4 hours. C.3.5 hours.
19. What kind of sport does the speaker like to play after class
A. Table tennis. B. Football. C. Basketball.
20. What does the speaker usually do between 10:00 pm and 10:30 pm
A. He takes a bath. B. He does his homework. C.He listens to music.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day (24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
1. What is an advantage of MacBike
A. It gives children a discount. B. It offers many types of bikes.
C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.
2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.
3. Where does the guided city tour start
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. (我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车)”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. (旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。
B
A team of researchers at ETH Zurich has the perfect long-lasting solution to our fog problem. They have developed a very thin and gold-based transparent coating (涂层) that can convert sunlight into heat, which can be applied to glass and other surfaces to prevent them from fogging.
The special coating is developed using titanium oxide and gold particles. It selectively absorbs infrared radiations (红外线照射) from the sunlight and creates a heating effect that is powerful enough to keep fog away from the surface of an object. The coating basically employs heat to stop fogging. The coating absorbs a large part of the infrared radiation, which causes it to heat up-by up to 8℃.
Previously, products like anti-fogging sprays create a very thin film of water on the surface to remove fog. The problem with such surfaces is pollution. Along with water, the sprays also attract dirt, dust, oil, and various other dirty substances, and just a little dirt on the surface makes it useless. However, the new coating repels (排斥) water. Furthermore, the coating is significantly thinner, which makes it more transparent as well as flexible. It is heated passively and requires, during daytime, no additional energy source.
Gold might be expensive, but the researchers stress that their coating requires so little that the material costs remain low. Their coating is produced with standardized and readily scalable methods, all cost-effectively. However, although this product can work at very low levels of solar irradiation, it does rely on a certain amount of light.
The researchers will develop the coating further for other applications. In the process, they will examine whether other metals work just as well as gold. There is no need to fear. However, this would cause a car or a building to heat up more in the summer. The researchers have already filed a patent. Hopefully, this groundbreaking product will soon be available on the market.
4. How does the new coating work to remove fog
A. By reflecting part of sunlight selectively.
B. By keeping cool air away from the object.
C. By creating a thin film of water on the surface.
D. By absorbing infrared radiations to heat the coating.
5. Why does the author mention previous anti-fogging products
A. To stress the advantages of the new coating.
B. To introduce the inspiration behind the new coating.
C. To prove the difficulty of creating anti-fogging products.
D. To explain the reason for the anti-fogging coating being popular .
6. What is the limitation of the new coating
A. It is considerably expensive.
B. It depends on sunlight to work.
C. It takes too much time to produce.
D. It is difficult to clean and maintain.
7. What do the researchers plan to do next
A. Apply for a patent for the invention.
B. Develop the product for more practical uses.
C. Explore the environmental impact of the coating.
D. Seek a cheaper material as an alternative to gold.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述苏黎世联邦理工学院的一组研究人员找到了解决雾霾问题的完美持久解决方案。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It selectively absorbs infrared radiations(红外线照射) from the sunlight and creates a heating effect that is powerful enough to keep fog away from the surface of an object. (它选择性地吸收来自阳光的红外辐射，并产生强大的加热效应，足以使雾远离物体表面。)”可知，新涂层能通过吸收红外线辐射来加热涂层除去雾。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Previously, products like anti-fogging sprays create a very thin film of water on the surface to remove fog. The problem with such surfaces is pollution. (以前，像防雾喷雾剂这样的产品会在表面形成一层非常薄的水膜来消除雾。这种表面的问题是污染。)”以及“However, the new coating repels(排斥) water. Furthermore, the coating is significantly thinner, which makes it more transparent as well as flexible. It is heated passively and requires, during daytime, no additional energy source.(但是，这种新涂层可以防水。此外，涂层明显更薄，这使得它更透明和灵活。它是被动加热的，在白天不需要额外的能源。)”可知，作者提到了以前的防雾产品强调新涂层的优点。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“However, although this product can work at very low levels of solar irradiation, it does rely on a certain amount of light.(然而，尽管该产品可以在非常低水平的太阳照射下工作，但它确实依赖于一定量的光。)”可知，新涂层的局限性是依靠阳光工作。故选B项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The researchers will develop the coating further for other applications. In the process, they will examine whether other metals work just as well as gold. (研究人员将进一步开发这种涂层以用于其他用途。在这个过程中，他们将检验其他金属是否能像黄金一样发挥作用。)”可知，研究人员计划下一步进行研究将产品开发为更实际的用途。故选B项。
C
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
8. What is the book aimed at
A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device.
9. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.
10. What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods.
C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses.
11. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends.
C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字极简主义生活方式的优点，倡导简单的数字生活方式。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. (这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学)”可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. (这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你再加上一些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动)”可推知，画线词“declutter”的意思是“清理”，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第四段“In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. (在第一部分的最后一章中，我将指导您进行自己的数字清理。在这样做的过程中，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，1600多人同意进行数字清理)”可推知，第一部分的最后一章介绍了实验与数字清理的实际例子。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances. (你可以将这些实践视为一个工具箱，旨在帮助你建立一种适合自己特定情况的极简主义生活方式)”可推知，作者建议读者根据需要与实际情况使用第二部分中提及的实践。故选A。
D
Children who spend more time playing adventurously have lower symptoms of anxiety and depression and were happier over the first Covid-19 lockdown, according to a new study led by the University of Exeter. Today’s children have fewer opportunities for adventurous play, such as climbing trees, riding bikes, or jumping from high surfaces. The study sought to test theories that adventurous play offers learning opportunities that help build resilience(适应力)in children, thereby helping to prevent mental health problems.
The research team surveyed nearly 2500 parents of children aged 5-1 1 years. Parents completed questions about their child’s play, their general mental health pre-Covid and their mood during the first Covid-19 lockdown.
Researchers found that children who spent more time playing outside had fewer “internalizing problems” characterized as anxiety and depression. Those children were also more positive during the first lockdown. Results were consistent even after researchers factored in a wide range of demographic variables(人口统计学变量)including child sex, age, parent employment status and parent mental health. They also found that the effect was clear in children from lower income families than those growing up in higher income homes.
“This is positive because play is free, natural, and rewarding for children, available to everyone, and doesn’t require special skills. We now urgently need to invest in and protect natural spaces, well-designed parks, and adventure playgrounds, to support the mental health of our children,” Helen Dodd, who led the study, said.
“The rewards of allowing children to self-regulate and manage challenge in their play are widespread and far-reaching. Adventurous play helps children to build the resilience needed to deal with, and manage stress in challenging situations,” said Jacqueline O’Loughlin, Chief Executive of PlayBoard NI. “Children and young people need freedom and opportunities to encounter challenge and risk in their everyday playful adventures.”
12. What does the new study focus on
A. The influence of adventurous play on children.
B. Children’s social needs during the Covid-19 lockdown.
C. Ways of improving children’s resilience.
D. Symptoms of anxiety and depression in children.
13. What is the third paragraph mainly about
A. The significance of the research. B. The process of the research.
C. The limitations of the research. D. The results of the research.
14. What does Helen Dodd advise people to do
A. Allow children to use natural spaces for free.
B. Reward children for attending adventurous play.
C. Create opportunities for children to adventure.
D. Encourage children to learn special skills for adventures.
15. What is O’Loughlin’s attitude towards adventurous play
A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Disapproving. D. Uncaring.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明，花更多时间进行冒险游戏的孩子焦虑和抑郁程度更低，并且在第一次接受新冠肺炎疫苗后更快乐。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The study sought to test if adventurous play offers learning chances that help build resilience (适应力) in children, therefore helping to prevent mental health problems.（这项研究试图测试冒险游戏是否提供了学习机会，有助于培养孩子的韧性，从而有助于预防心理健康问题。）”可知，这项研究聚焦于“冒险游戏对儿童的影响”，故选A。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Researchers found that children who spent more time playing outside had fewer “internalizing problems,” characterized as anxiety and depression. Those children were also more positive during the first lockdown. Results were consistent even after researchers factored in a wide range of demographic variables(人口统计学变量)including child sex, age, parent employment status and parent mental health. They also found that the effect was clear in children from lower income families than those growing up in higher income homes.（研究人员发现，花更多时间在户外玩耍的孩子较少出现“内在问题”，表现为焦虑和抑郁。这些孩子在第一次封锁期间也更积极。即使研究人员将儿童性别、年龄、父母就业状况和父母心理健康等广泛的人口变量考虑在内，结果仍是一致的。他们还发现，与在高收入家庭长大的孩子相比，低收入家庭的孩子受到的影响更明显。）”可知，第三段主要讲述“研究的结果”，花更多时间在户外玩耍的孩子较少出现焦虑和抑郁，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““This is positive because play is free, natural and rewarding for children, available to everyone, and doesn’t require special skills. We now urgently need to invest and protect natural spaces, well-designed parks and adventure playgrounds, to support the mental health of our children,” Helen Dodd, who led the study, said.（该研究的负责人海伦 多德（Helen Dodd）表示：“这是积极的，因为游戏对儿童来说是免费的、自然的、有回报的，每个人都可以玩，而且不需要特殊技能。我们现在迫切需要投资和保护自然空间、精心设计的公园和冒险游乐场，以支持我们孩子的心理健康。”）可知，Helen Dodd建议人们为孩子们创造冒险的机会。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““The rewards of allowing children to self-regulate and manage challenges in their play are widespread and far-reaching. Adventurous play helps children to build the resilience, and manage stress in challenging situations,” said Jacqueline O’Loughlin（杰奎琳 奥拉夫林说:“允许孩子们在游戏中自我调节和管理挑战的回报是广泛而深远的。冒险游戏可以帮助孩子建立适应力，并在具有挑战性的情况下管理压力，”）”可知，O'Loughlin认为冒险游戏有助于孩子增强适应力，管理压力，回报似乎深远的，因此推断她对于冒险游戏的态度是肯定的。A. Doubtful怀疑的；B. Positive肯定的 ；C. Disapproving不支持的 ；D. Uncaring不在意的。故选B。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There is one answer. ___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___19___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There’s one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then gradually become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a ____23____ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention.
Once there Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme _____30_____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more _____31_____ about why her act is considered a big _____32_____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t _____33_____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the _____34_____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the _____35_____ of human kindness won the day.
21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
24. A. race B. school C. town D. training
25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____1____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良。故选B。
【点睛】
第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
36. China has sent Chang’e 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and _______(observe).(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】observations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：中国已派遣嫦娥四号探测月球背面进行测量和观测。此处连词and连接两个并列名词做动词make的宾语，observation意为“观测”，作此意解时为可数名词，应使用其复数形式，故填observations。
37. In closing, exploring space provides the world _______many different benefits. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】with
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：最后，探索太空为世界带来了许多不同的好处。provide sth./sb. with sth.“为某人或某物提供某物”。故填with。
38. And it was the ship_______brought you to England. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：是那艘船把你带到英格兰的。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句：It is/was + 被强调部分+ that+ 其它部分，被强调句部分为the ship，故填that。
39. You would have to wait a long time to get_______(pay). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】paid
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你要等很长时间才能拿到工资。分析句子结构，空处和前面的to get一起构成不定式结构，pay和逻辑主语You之间是动宾关系，且空前的get为系动词，所以空处应用过去分词，表示被动。故填paid。
40. He was selected________(attend) pilot training. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to attend
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：他被选去参加飞行员训练。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be selected to do sth.“被选中做某事”，该空用不定式形式。故填to attend。
41. Astronauts had to be shorter than 172 cm in _______.(high) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】height
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：宇航员的身高必须低于172厘米。分析句子结构，根据空白处前面的介词in可知空白处应填不可数名词height作宾语，故填height。
42. You must be intelligent to get a ________(relate) college degree. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】related
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：你必须足够聪明来得到一个相关的大学学位。分析句子可知空处应为形容词related作定语，修饰名词短语collage degree，故填related。
43. The desire________(explore) the universe never died. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to explore
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：探索宇宙的愿望从未停止。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词。空处需要动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的抽象名词the desire。故填to explore。
44. After careful analysis, the scientists can provide useful _________(recommend) and suggestions for farmers. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】recommendations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：经过仔细分析，科学家们可以为农民提供有用的建议和建议。此处应使用名词作动词provide的宾语，动词recommend的名词为recommendation，为可数名词，根据并列宾语suggestions是名词复数形式，应使用其复数形式，故填recommendations。
45. I found myself________(carry)out to sea by a strong wind. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】carried
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我发现自己被一阵大风吹到海上去了。动词find使用固定用法find+宾语+宾补这一结构。句子动词为found，所以动词carry要以非谓语动词形式出现。宾语myself与carry out之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填carried。
第四部分 写作(满分25分)
46. 随着世界太空技术的发展，人类的太空梦不再是梦。但是也有人觉得耗费大量的人力和财力来研究和开发太空资源不切实际，不如将这些人力和财力用来着重解决人类当前面临的重大问题，改善地球的生存环境。对此，你有何看法？以“Developing space technology, worthwhile or not ”为题写一篇80词左右的短文。
Developing space technology, worthwhile or not
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Developing space technology, worthwhile or not
With the development of space technology, human beings are exploring further into the space. Those space experiments and explorations cost huge sums of money, which, quite a number of people think, should have been used to protect human natural environment and solve the problems we all are facing.
This might be true, but I think in the long run humans will have to turn to other planets when all the resources are used up. For example, humans could make use of the mines on the moon and conduct special experiments in the space. Moreover, some of the new technologies employed in space could be used in our daily life and thus create a better life for us.
All in all, space technology development is sure to benefit all human beings and it is well worth it.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文，要求考生以“Developing space technology, worthwhile or not ”为题写一篇短文，发表自己对发展太空技术的看法。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
探索：explore→probe
大量金钱：huge sums of money→a large amount of money
解决：solve→work out/settle
从长远来看：in the long run→in the long term
用完：be used up→run out
利用：make use of→take advantage of
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：With the development of space technology, human beings are exploring further into the space.
拓展句：With space technology developing, human beings are exploring further into the space.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Those space experiments and explorations cost huge sums of money, which, quite a number of people think, should have been used to protect human natural environment and solve the problems we all are facing.(使用了which引导非限制性定语从句和不定式短语作目的状语，还使用了省略了关系代词which/that的定语从句)
【高分句型2】This might be true, but I think in the long run humans will have to turn to other planets when all the resources are used up. (使用了but连接并列句、省略that的宾语从句和when引导时间状语从句)
听力：1-20 CCABCBABBCBCABCBBCCC
