牛津译林版英语八年级上册 Unit 7 Seasons Grammar课件（31张PPT）

(共31张PPT)
Grammar
Unit 7
Seasons
1.动词的分类；
2.五大基本句式；
3.七大句子成分。
Learing aims
Children can eat ice cream.
The autumn leaves turns rown.
The snowy season will begin.
不及物动词（vi）
及物动词（vt）
系动词（link-v）
一个陈述句通常由主语与谓语动词开头。我们把谓语动词分为三类：及物动词（vt）、不及物动词（vi）、系动词（link-v）
句子的基本成分是主语（S）、谓语动词（V）。
动词的分类
They play.
I sing.
Intransitive verbs不及物动词（vi）后不接宾语。
他们 演奏。
我 唱歌。
主语
发出者
动作
谓语
①主语+谓语（S +V）
vi
五大基本句型
The leaves fall.
Vi
The temperature drops.
The snowy season will begin.
Vi
Vi
主语
发出者
动作
谓语
More examples:
I wait my favourite song.
I listen the radio.
for
to
介词
①主语+谓语(+介宾结构)
主语
发出者
动作
谓语
介宾结构
不及物动词也想加宾语，怎么办？
He breaks her heart.
I love the songs
主语
发出者
动作
谓语
②主语+谓语+宾语（S +V+O）
vt
承受者
宾语
transitive verbs及物动词（vt）后接宾语，该动词告诉我们主语对宾语做了什么。
He is eating ice cream.
Farmers harvest crops.
White snow covers the whole earth.
主语
发出者
动作
谓语
承受者
宾语
More examples:
主语
发出者
动作
谓语
③主语+谓语+间宾+直宾
（S +V+IO+DO）
承受者
宾语
vt
He gives me a book.
He shows me his watch.
直接宾语
间接宾语
we shouldn’t give any food.
the birds
S
V
DO (直接宾语)
IO(间接宾语)
Indirect Object
He tells me some rules.
IO
V
S
DO
sb.
Sth.
show buy pass send bring make teach …
More examples:
Zhalong gives
I pass
He bought
birds
an ideal home
him
a book
his son
a present.
IO
DO
IO
DO
IO
DO
to
to
for
Further Thinking：S+V+IO+DO结构中IO，DO互换
该句型可用to/for来改写
give us a lot of presents
buy her some books
send her an e-mail
make Millie a toy
give a lot of presents to us
send an e-mail to her
bring, give, lend, offer, pass, sell, send, show, take, tell, pay,write …
buy some books for her
make a toy for Millie
build, buy, cook, find, get, make…
“To” or “For”
主语
发出者
动作
谓语
④主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
（S +V+DO+OC）
承受者
宾语
vt
It makes me happy.
makes
对宾语补充说明
宾补
I Saw him crossing the road.
Subjcet
Verb
direct object
object
complement
e.g.
The boy painted the chair green.
He is crossing the road.
Rule: 宾语和宾语补足语之间构成主谓关系
More examples:
We call the man ‘keeper’.
S
V
DO
OC(宾补)
Object Complement
S
逻辑上的主谓关系
A logical subject-predicate relations
V
DO
OC
S
V
DO
OC
I make him angry.
He tells us to protect the birds
More examples:
They are back.
I am a student.
主语
系动词
⑤主语+系动词+表语
（S +V+P）
linking v.
表语
系动词Linking v.常见有：be动词(am,is,are)，感官动词(look,sound,feel,smell,taste)和表示“变，变成”的动词(become,get,grow,turn.)，后面接形容词或者名词作表语。
表语（也称补语）是说明主语的身份，性质，品质，特征和状态。
The flowers are beautiful.
link-V
P
Autumn leaves turn brown.
link-V
P
The weather becomes cool.
link-V
P
主语
系动词
表语
More examples:
五大基本句型
linking v.
vi
vt
vt
vt
Work out the rule
An intransitive verb does not take an direct objcet.
不及物动词不能直接加宾语。
A transitive verb takes an object.
及物动词后面可以直接加宾语。
A linking verb links the subject and adjective or the noun phrase that describes it.
系动词后面跟形容词或名词词组，形容词或名词组作为句子的表语。
七大句子成分
主语，谓语，宾语，表语，补语？？
handsome
定语
in red
定语
who is handsome
定语从句
定语和状语
The boy is my brother.
The boy is my brother.
The boy is my brother.
The girl is my classmate.
The girl is my classmate.
时间状语
地点状语
方式状语...
Hobo built Eddie a tent with sticks at the beach yesterday.
我们还可以在这五个句型的基础上加上相应的状语来表达事情发生的时间、地点或方式等。
时间状语
地点状语
方式状语
1.It's hard to die when all the birds are singing in the sky.
Level 1
S+V
He gave me a book as my birthday present.
S+V+IO+DO
Daniel often makes us laugh.
S+V+DO+OC
Exercises：
I can see the first leaf falling.
It's all yellow and nice.
S+V+DO+OC
S+V+P
We had a good time in the park yesterday.
S+V+O
Back
We have four seasons.
They are quite different.
Spring is warm and sunny.
We fly kites.
We like summer.
Ice cream tastes nice.
Autumn arrives.
Snow falls.
the structure of the sentencesP85
S
V
O
S
V
P
S
V
P
S
V
O
S
V
O
S
V
P
S
V
S
V
Level 2
It was a perfect day today. There was not a cloud in the sky. Mum was making breakfast for me when I woke up this morning.
2. The clouds became dark. They covered the sun. Luckily, it didn’t rain.
S+V+P
S+V+IO+DO
S+V+O
S+V+P
S+V
Exercises：
3.It was New Year’s Day. Mum and Dad gave me nice presents, but I was not happy. The rain was falling from morning till night. I hate rainy days.
4.The sun was shining. I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park. I caught a bad cold. I had a high fever and coughed a lot, so Mum took me to the hospital. It was an awful day.
S+V+IO+DO
S+V+P
S+V+O
S+V
S+V+DO+OC
难点一:如何判断动词不定式作目的状语还是宾语补足语
He tells us to protect the birds.
Most people take a camera to take photos of the birds.
动词不定式作宾语补足语
动词不定式作目的状语
动词不定式作宾语补足语对宾语进行补充说明;作目的状语说明主语做某事的目的去掉目的状语句子意思仍然完整
难点二、两个特殊的句子结构
Hobo brought Eddie his clothes.
S+V+IO+DO(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语)
Hobo asks Eddie not to eat the birds.
S+V+DO+OC(主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语)
如何区分？
如何判断IO+DO(间宾 +直宾)/DO+OC（直宾+宾补）？
Simon found the weather warm.
The weather is warm.
(合逻辑) DO+OC
Kitty gives Simon some books.
Simon is some books.
(不合逻辑) IO+DO
Rule: 我们可以试着在两个句子成分之间加入系动词，逻辑合理的是DO+OC结构，不合逻辑的是IO+DO结构.
Tom didn’t ____________________Jack.
This makes Jack ________.
buy a present for
angry
Tom didn’t buy Jack a present.
S+V+IO+DO
S+V+DO+OC
The weather in winter makes me feel cold but I still like winter best because we can celebrate spring festival. Parents usually buy me new clothes and give me red packets. My grandparents also cook delicious food for us. I think it a wonderful festival.
1
2
3
4
5
S+V+DO+OC！
S+V+IO+DO！
Put the numbers into the right positions.
Subject（S）主语（一般是名词或代词）
Verb（V） 谓语动词
Predicative（P）表语
Object（O）宾语
Direct object（DO）直接宾语
Indirect object(IO)间接宾语
Object Complement（OC）宾语补足语
Words review