【知识点专区】2015年高中英语 语法虚拟语气与情态动词 专项练习（含解析）

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一、单项选择（题型注释）
1．考--Jenny took the 8:00 bus to Guangzhou this morning.
--Really? She _________ the 9:00 train. It’s much more comfortable and safer to travel by train.
A. could have taken B. should take
C. must have taken D. can take
2．---I thought you were going to call me last night about the plans for the conference.
---Sorry, I ______. But Tom and Jane stopped by and stayed until midnight.
A. must have B. can’t have
C. might do D. should have
3． Had they known what was coming next, they _________second thoughts.
A. may have B. could have
C. must have had D. might have had
4． ______ the good chance to get promoted then, he would be a sales manager now.
A. If he seized B. If he were to seized
C. If he had seized D. If he should seize
1.5．If my lawyer ______ here last Saturday, he ______ me from going.
A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented
6．If he had insisted that he to work there then, everything would be OK now.
A. sent B. be sent
C. had been sent D. was sent
7．---What’s your comment on the match?
--- we ________, but today was not our day.
A. need have scored B. could have scored
C. should score D. would score
8． If our marketing plan succeeds, we _________ the sales by thirty percent next year.
A. would increase B. will increase
C. would have increased D. will be increasing
9． Supposing you _________ the lottery, what would you do with the money?
A. would win B. have won
C. had won D. won
10． ____today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave D. If he leave
11． I didn’t know his telephone number, otherwise I him.
A. had telephoned B. would telephone
C. would have telephoned D. telephoned
12． Some young people these days, especially the homebodies, just _____go out of their homes to experience the real world.
A. mustn’t B. won’t
C. mightn’t D. shouldn’t
13． —Did you visit the famous cultural relics last month?
—No, we it, but we spent too much tine shopping.
A. could have visited B. might have visited
C. must have visited D. would have visited
14． ----I wonder why Jane looks worried today.
----I’m not sure, but she a small accident driving here.
A. could have B. might have
C. might have had D. should have had
15． --- Guess what ! I got A for my term paper.
--- Congratulations! You _______ read widely and put a lot of work into it.
A. would have B. could have
C. must have D. should have
16． It is necessary that the government solutions for the problems of air pollution to create a clear environment.
A. should have found B. could have found
C. could find D. should find
17． The officer commanded that the supplies of food and clothes ______ to the flooded area.
A. should send B. be sent
C. were sent D. would send
18． If you stay here longer, you may. But you leave before this weekend.
A. will; must B. can; can
C. may; will D. may; shall
19．He ignored the neighbor’s request that ______ less noise at night.
A. he would make B. he could make
C. he make D.he made
20．I ___ myself more .------ It’s a perfect day .
A. shouldn’t have enjoyed B. needn’t have enjoyed
C. wouldn’t have enjoyed D. couldn’t have enjoyed
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二、完形填空
The cultures of the East and the West really disting-uish from each other a lot.This is because the culture systems are two separate systems ____.
The origin of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries：China and India.Both of the two cultures are gestated(孕育) by ___.In China，the mother river is the Yellow River ___ the Indian one is the Hindu River.These two cultures were ____ for several thousand years and formed their own styles.Then in the Tang Dynasty of China，the Chinese culture ____ went overseas to Japan，____ into the Japanese society and ___ the Japanese culture nowadays.Though a bit different from the Chinese one，it ____ to the same system.
When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture，another famous culture was ____ on the Mesopotamian Plain(美索不达米亚平原)—the Mesopotamian Civilization.This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.And these two are well-known as the ____ of the European culture.____ the Chinese culture，the European one also ____ waters.When the colonists of England ____ in America，their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean.So the American culture doesn’t ___ from the European one a lot.
At the same time，the ____ of the language systems adds to the cultural differences.In the East，most languages belong to the pictographic(象形文字的) languages while the Western languages are ____ based on the Latin system，for example，the one I’m using to write this paper.
Other factors like human race difference ____ as well.However，___ the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West，the two cultures seldom ___ until recent centuries.____ they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference(干扰) from the other.
21．A.above all B．on the whole
C．in all D．in no case
22．A.mountains B．plains
C．lakes D．rivers
23．A.or B．for
C．while D．when
24．A.developed B．improved
C．created D．protected
25．．A.suddenly B．quietly
C．gradually D．naturally
26．A.mixed B．changed
C．decided D．forced
27．A.expanded B．interrupted
C．influenced D．shaped
28．A.comes B．belongs
C．amounts D．adds
29．A.brought up B．carried out
C．given out D．picked up
30．A.result B．sign
C．base D．content
31．A.Via B．Except
C．With D．Like
32．A.affected B．spread
C．crossed D．formed
33．A.joined up B．went up
C．broke down D．settled down
34．A.come B．suffer
C．result D．differ
35．．A.difference B．development
C．appearance D．feature
36．A.properly B．partly
C．simply D．mostly
37．A.last B．count
C．reduce D．change
38．A.in terms of B．due to
C．as to D．in case of
39．A.transform B．display
C．communicate D．distinguish
40．A.Furthermore B．Meanwhile
C．Therefore D．However
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三、阅读理解
41．—I dreamed of some animals running on the moon.
—It be. There is no air or water on the moon，you know.
A. can't B. may not C. shouldn't D. mustn’t
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四、信息匹配
42．But for the heavy rain, the sports meet would be held last Wednesday.
A B C D
43．If I would have had more time, I would have done it far better.
A B C D
参考答案
1．A
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：---今天上午Jenny乘8点的公共汽车去了广州。---真的吗？她本能坐9点的火车的。坐火车比公共汽车舒适、安全的多。
2．D
【解析】
试题分析：考查情态动词。本题主要是考察情态动词在猜测语气中的使用，并与省略的结合。句意上：---我原以为你昨晚会打电话语文说说那个会议的计划呢。---抱歉，我本应该那么做的，但Tom和Jane在这一直到半夜。可以判断出本应该打电话却因为有事耽搁而没有打，所以含有一定的责备含义，故要用should have done 的结构。从省略上看，可以省略have后面的内容。A选项表示“肯定做过什么”；B选项表示“不可能做过什么”；C选项表示“现在或许在做什么”，故选D。
考点：考查情态动词
3．D
【解析】
试题分析：考查虚拟语气。若与过去事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，可以把had提到主语前，构成倒装句，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”。句意：如果他们知道接下来做什么，他们也许再次思考。故D正确。
考点：考查虚拟语气
4．C
【解析】
试题分析: 句意：如果他那时候抓住升职的好机会，他现在就是销售部经理了。根据句意和后面句中的would be可以判断前句是对过去情况的假设，所以从句用过去完成时，选C。
考点：考查虚拟语气
5．A
【解析】虚拟语气，与过去事实相反用过去完成时态。
6．B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。insist在此句中意思是“坚决要求”, 作此意讲时, 其后宾语从句用虚拟语气, 即谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”结构。在此句中, 根据句意, he与send之间是逻辑上的被动关系, 故用被动语态。B项相当于should be sent。
7．B
【解析】考查情态动词和虚拟语气。根据语境可知该处是对过去的虚拟（情态动词 + have done），又因为根据句意此处意为“我们‘本能够’获胜的”，即could have done，故正确答案为B.
考点：情态动词和虚拟语气
8．B
【解析】
试题分析：考查时态。If条件句使用的是一般现在时代替一般将来时，所以主句也是一般将来时，和next year搭配使用。句意：如果我们的营销计划成功，我们明年销售将增加百分之三十。故B正确。
考点：考查时态
9．D
【解析】
试题分析：考查虚拟语气。?Supposing引导的是条件状语从句，因为主句用的是would do，说明是和现在相反的虚拟语气，所以从句用一般过去式，表示虚拟语气。句意：假设你彩票赢得了大奖，你会怎么处理这笔钱？故D正确。
考点：考查虚拟语气
10．C
【解析】
试题分析：考查虚拟语气。Were he to leave today=If he were to leave today，为与将来相反的虚拟语气；if条件句谓语中如果有系动词were或助动词should，可将它提到主语前面，省去if。句意：如果他今天离开的话，他在星期五之前会到达那里。故C正确。
考点：考查短语辨析
11．C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：我们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们就会给他打电话。这里otherwise相当于一个虚拟条件句：If I had known his telephone number，主句应该使用和过去相反的虚拟语气，所以用would have done，选C。
考点: 考查虚拟语气
12．B
【解析】
试题分析：考查情态动词。A. mustn’t禁止，不允许；B. won’t不愿；C. mightn’t也许不；D. shouldn’t不应当。句意：现在一些年轻人，尤其是宅男，就是不愿意走出家门去体验真实的世界。选B。
考点：考查情态动词
13．A
【解析】考查情态动词和虚拟语气。根据句意可知，我们上个月没去参观那个文化遗址，我们“本能够”去的，但是我们花太多时间购物去了。“本能够做某事（但没做成）”用could have done.所以答案为A.
考查：情态动词和虚拟语气
14．C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：——我不知道今天Sara为什么看起来焦虑。——我不确定。她可能驾车来这儿时遇到了小的意外事故。根据I’m not sure可知表示对过去没把握的推测，故用might have done的形式。所以选C。
考点: 考查情态动词
15．C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：—猜猜有什么好消息！我的学期论文得了A。 —真棒！你一定是博览群书并在此文上投入了很大精力。情态动词的 用法是历年高考考点，从对话中可以看出此处应该是对过去动作的推 测，should 或must 加动词原形表示对现在或将来的推测，应被排除； should have done(过去本应该做而未做某事)表虚拟或吃惊语气，与语 境不符，也被排除；must have done 表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测， 符合题意，故选C。
考点: 考查情态动词
16．D
【解析】
试题分析:句意：政府找出空气污染问题的解决方法来营造一个干净的环境是必要。在句型“it is necessary+ that从句”中，谓语动词应该用should +v原形，should可以省略。Should +have done“本应该做某事”，表示对过去事情的推测判断，不符合语境，选D。
考点：考查虚拟语气
17．B
【解析】
试题分析：考查虚拟语气。主句的谓语是command，从句的谓语用虚拟语气，should do，should可以省略，还有the supplies of food and clothes和send是被动关系。句意：官员要求食品和衣服供应被送往洪水地区。选B
考点：考查虚拟语气
18．A
【解析】
试题分析:句意：如果你愿意在这里呆的时间长一点，你可以的。但是在这个周末前你得离开。May意思是“可以，可能”，can“可以，能够”，must “必须，肯定”。根据句意可知If从句中用will表示“意愿”。而根据第二个句子中的but判断强调说话人主观上认为“必须”做某事，要求对方必须在周末前离开，选A。
考点：考查情态动词
19．C
【解析】
试题分析：考查同位语从句。句意：他忽视了邻居的要求，晚上他应该少出点声音。在suggestion，proposal，plan，order, advice 等词后的同位语从句要用（should）do的形式。如： He made a suggestion that the English test be put off until next Wednesday.该句中同位语为suggestion，其后的同位语从句中should省略，且该句中test与put off为被动关系，故选C项。
考点 : 考查同位语从句
20．D
【解析】
试题分析：考查情态动词。must?have?done表示对过去的推测，只用于肯定句，故排除B，wouldn’t?have?done表示虚拟或原不想做的事情却做了，needn’t?have?done表示本不必做却做了某事，can’t?/?couldn’t?…more表示“再什么不过了，再也没有比这更…?的”从下文it?was?a?perfect?day可知“我玩得再开心不过了”。句意：我玩得再开心不过了，这是完美的一天。故D正确。
考点：考查情态动词
21．B
22．D
23．C
24．A
25．C
26．A
27．D
28．B
29．A
30．C
31．B
32．C
33．D
34．D
35．A
36．D
37．B
38．B
39．C
40．C
【解析】
21．　B
解析　下文都是与两种不同的文化体系有关，说明这是造就文化差异总的原因，故选择on the whole。above all首先；in all总共，总计；in no case决不。
22．　D
解析　根据下文“...the mother river is the Yellow River...”和“...the Hindu River.”可知。
23．　C
解析　while表示对比。中国的母亲河是黄河，而印度的则是印度河。
24．　A
解析　与下文“...formed their own styles.”为承接关系，前者指的是两种文化的发展。同时与第三段第二句“This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.”相呼应。improve提高；create创造；protect保护。
25．　C
解析　文化传播应是逐渐的。故选择gradually。
26．　A
解析　唐朝文化传播到日本，与日本文化融合。
27．D
解析　中日两种文化的融合，进而形成了现在的日本文化。shape使成为……形状，塑造，符合语境。expand扩展；interrupt中断；influence影响。
28．　B
解析　根据上句日本文化的形成可知，中日文化虽有较大差异，但仍属于同一文化体系。
29．　A
解析　与上句中的“When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture...”相对应，另一种文化孕育于美索不达米亚平原。bring up培养，孕育，符合语境。carry out执行；give out分发；pick up学会。
30．　C
解析　古希腊和古罗马文化是欧洲文化的根基(base)。result结果；sign迹象；content内容。
31．　D
解析　由下文中的also可知，西方文化的传播像中国文化一样也越过了海洋。
32．　C
解析　下文举的例子说明欧洲文化也跨越了海洋。
33．　D
解析　英国殖民者登陆美洲定居下来。settle down定居，符合语境。
34．　D
解析　从上文欧洲文明与美洲文明的渊源来看，美洲文化和欧洲文化应无很大区别。
35．　A
解析　由下文可知，该段主要说明语言的差异。
36．　D
解析　在东方，大多数的语言属于象形语言，而大多数的西方语言都是从拉丁语系演变过来。properly确切地；partly部分地；simply仅仅。
37．　B
解析　句意为：其他一些因素诸如人种上的差异(在东西方文化差异形成上)也产生了重要影响。count值得考虑，符合语境。
38．　B
解析　因为东西方之间远隔千山万水，路途又颇为险峻，所以直到最近几个世纪二者才开始有交流。前半句是原因，后半句是结果。
39．　C
解析　此处指两种文化的交流(communicate)。transform改变；display展示；distinguish区分，均与语意不符。
40．　C
解析　前面一句提到的是原因。本句提到的是结果：这两种文化都是在互不干扰的情况下按照各自的模式形成并发展。therefore因此，符合语境。
41．A
【解析】
试题分析：考查情态动词。情态动词表示对现在的情况进行推测的时候使用“情态动词+动词原形”；如果是对过去情况进行推测，使用“情态动词+have done”can’t 表示不可能；may not也许不；shouldn’t 不应该；mustn’t千万不能；句意：—我梦想有一些动物能够登上月球。—不可能的。你知道的，在月球上没有空气和水。故A正确。
考点：考查情态动词
点评：情态动词的用法比较复杂。突出的是表示推测：如果是对现在的情况进行推测，使用“情态动词+动词原形”；对过去的情况进行推测，使用“情态动词+have done”；情态动词也经常用于虚拟语气，要分具体情况来分析，在条件句中和宾语从句，表语从句中都有体现。
42．D would be held-- would have been held
【解析】句意是：要不是因为大雨，运动会上周三就已经进行了啊。
43．B would have had---would had had
【解析】这是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。