【知识点专区】2015年高中英语 阅读理解历史类 专项练习（含解析）

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得分
一、阅读理解
TIME is an American weekly news magazine published in New York City. It was created in 1923 by Briton Hadden and Henry Luce, making it the first weekly news magazine in the US. Hadden was considered carefree, liked to tease Luce and saw TIME as important but also fun. That accounted for its heavy coverage of celebrities(including politicians), the entertainment industry, and pop culture—criticized as too light for serious news.
It tells the news through people, and for many decades, the magazine’s cover depicted a single person. On Hadden’s death in 1929, Luce became the most important man at TIME and a major figure in the history of 20th-century media.
TIME is also known for its signature red border, first introduced in 1927. It has only changed four times since then. The issue released shortly after the September 11 attacks on the United States featured a black border to symbolize mourning. However, this edition was a special “extra” edition published quickly for the breaking news of the event; the next regularly scheduled issue contained the red border. Additionally, the April 28, 2008 Earth Day issue, dedicated to environmental issues, contained a green border. The next change in border was in the September 19, 2011 issue, commemorating the 10th anniversary of the September 11 attacks with a metallic silver border. The most recent change(again with a silver border) was in the December 31, 2012 issue, noting Barack Obama’s selection as Man of the Year.
TIME has a division magazine, TIME FOR KIDS(TFK), which is especially published for children and is mainly distributed in classrooms. TFK contains some national news, a “Cartoon of the Week”, and a variety of articles concerning popular culture that the younger U.S. citizens are interested in. All the stories in TFK are written by young reporters.
In some advertising campaigns, the magazine has suggested that the letters TIME stand for “The International Magazine of Events”.
1．TIME has a history of _______.
A. about 50 years B. about 70 years
C. about 90 years D. about 150 years
2．Why did some people dislike TIME in the beginning?
A. It had kept its cover the same since the 1920s.
B. It didn’t have a serious tone for important events.
C. It didn’t report important events quickly enough.
D. Henry Luce was in charge of the magazine for too long.
3．Why did TIME change its red border for the first time?
A. To remember the 10th anniversary of an attack.
B. To remind readers to protect the environment.
C. To show great sadness about the deaths.
D. To call on readers to vote for Obama.
4．What do we know about TFK?
A. It has young reporters writing articles.
B. It has a division magazine called TIME.
C. It is designed for kids and teachers.
D. It mainly contains popular culture.
Denmark is one of the happiest nations on earth with some of the best quality of life. You don’t need statistics to understand the Dane’s happy lot. Walk around any Danish town and you’ll experience some of the most harmonious civic spaces anywhere. Their intimate scales and perfect transport systems combine the rich history and bold modern lines of the built environment to delight the eye, and the locals’ manners and sense of humor is refreshing.
Denmark’s capital Copenhagen is a remarkable city with well-preserved medieval streets, renowned art galleries, Michelin-starred restaurants and a healthy business center. Finding something to do is never a problem and if all else fails, just admiring the streets with a hotdog in hand is an enjoyable way to spend a few hours .
Beyond the capital and the bigger cities, Denmark offers a mix of lively towns such as Ribe and Odense plus rural countryside, medieval churches , Renaissance castles and tidy 18th-century villages.
The coastline of Denmark with its sand dunes and greenery is a sight that always attracts visitors. So, no matter what time of year you’re in Denmark, you shouldn’t miss out on a trip to the nearest beach .
It’s hard , in short , to find fault with the place. The visitor’s most heartfelt complaint is usually the cost of visiting Denmark. True, it is not a cheap destination , but no more so than the UK, and which nation’s public transport system would you rather use?
Cheer yourself up by thinking of the country’s remarkable organization and clockwork railway timetable as being financed by the extremely high taxes paid by your hosts. When viewed in this way , this first-rate destination seems like good value, and you get the fairy tales thrown in for free: the Danish royal family is genuinely loved and respected by the vast majority of its citizens, not least handsome Prince Frederik , his beautiful Australian-born princess-bride, Mar, and their young family.
5．Which of the following words can best describe Danes ?
A. Polite and humorous . B. Happy and romantic.
C. Kind and friendly. D. Out-going and humorous .
6．The writer implies in the last two paragraphs that __________ .
A. Visiting the U.K. will cost less than travelling in Denmark .
B. The transport system in the UK can’t equal that in Denmark .
C. People in Denmark pay high taxes to welcome visitors .
D. The Danish royal family plays an important role in politics .
7． How does the passage mainly develop ?
A. By providing examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By giving descriptions. D. By following time order.
8．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage ?
A. To introduce Danish culture .
B. To show the attractions of Denmark .
C. To share experiences of travelling in Denmark .
D. To describe the happy life people live in Denmark .
May : Happenings from the past
May 5,1884
Isaac Murphy , son of a slave and perhaps the greatest horse rider in American history , rides Buchanan to win his first Kentucky Derby . He becomes the first rider ever to win the race three times .
May 9 , 1754
Benjamin Franklin’s Pennsylvania Gazette produces perhaps the first American political cartoon （漫画）, showing a snake cut in pieces, with the words “ Join or Die” printed under the picture.
May 11,1934
The first great dust storm of the Great Plains Dust Bowl , the result of years of drought，blows topsoil all the way to New York City and Washington , D.C. .
May 19, 1994
Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy Onassis , former first lady and one of the most famous people of the 1960s , died of cancer in New York City at the age of 64 .
May 24, 1844
Samuel F.B. Morsr taps out the first message , “ What Hath God Wrought ,” over the experimental long-distance telegraph line which runs from Washington, D.C. , to Baltimeore , Md .
9．We know from the text that Buchanan is_____________.
A．Isaac”s father
B．a winning horse
C.a slave taking care if horses
D.the first racing horse in Kentucky
10．What is the title of the first American political cartoon ?
A.Join or Die B.Pennsylvania Gazette
C.What Hath God Wrought D.Kentucky Derby
11．In which year did the former first lady Jacqueline die ?
A. 1934 B. 1960
C. 1964 D. 1994
12．Which of the following places has to do with the first telegram in history ?
A. Washington , D. C. B. New York City
C. Kentucky. D. Pennsylvania
History is full of cases where dreams have been a pathway to creativity and discovery.A striking example is provided by Dr.Otto Loewi，a pharmacologist and winner of a Nobel Prize.Loewi had spent years studying the chemical transmission of nerve impulses (脉搏)．A tremendous breakthrough in his research came when he dreamed of an experiment three nights in a row.The first two nights he woke up and wrote down the experiment quickly and untidily on paper.But the next morning，he couldn't tell what the notes meant.On the third night，he got up after having the dream.This time，instead of making notes he went straight to his laboratory and performed the crucial experiment.Loewi later said that if the experiment had occurred to him while awake he would have rejected it.
Loewi's experiment gives some insight into using dreams to produce creative solutions.Inhibitions (拘谨) are reduced during dreaming，which may be especially useful in solving problems that require a fresh point of view.
Being able to take advantage of dreams for problem solving is improved if you “set” yourself before retiring.Before you go to bed，try to think intently about a problem you wish to solve.Bury yourself in the problem by stating it clearly and reviewing all relevant information.Then use the suggestions listed in the previous section to catch your dreams.Although this method is not guaranteed to produce a novel solution or a new insight，it is certain to be an adventure.About half of a group of college students using the method for a week recalled a dream that helped them solve a personal problem.
13．The main idea of this passage is that ________.
A．very little is really known about the meaning of dreams
B．it is possible to “catch” one's dreams by planning before going to sleep
C．dreams can be useful in producing creative solutions to one's problems
D．Loewi's experiment helped in the study of transmision of nerve impulses
14．The first paragraph is mainly organized by ________.
A．classifying types of experiments
B．summarizing the work of one researcher
C．comparing and exploring historical cases
D．telling in time order about one man's research
15．If Loewi had thought of the experiment while awake，he would have ________.
A．asked someone else to do it
B．thought it was a bad idea
C．tried it out on his own
D．thought it was a wise idea
16．The author probably thinks that ________.
A．Loewi should not have conducted his experiment
B．dreaming is of very little value to most people
C．inhibitions may stop someone thinking of useful ideas
D．college students should not try out dream experiments
参考答案
1．C
2．B
3．C
4．A
【解析】
试题分析：本文讲述时代周刊代的发展史。
1．C 细节推断题。根据第一段提到It was created in 1923 by Briton Hadden and Henry Luce, making it the first weekly news magazine in the US创于1923年，故选C项。
2．B 细节理解题。根据第一段提到That accounted for its heavy coverage of celebrities(including politicians), the entertainment industry, and pop culture—criticized as too light for serious news.重要版面的政治，娱乐而，对于严肃新闻的报道太少，故选B项。
3．C 细节理解题。根据第三段提到TIME is also known for its signature red border, first introduced in 1927. It has only changed four times since then. The issue released shortly after the September 11 attacks on the United States featured a black border to symbolize mourning.时代周刊出名以出现红色的边框，一共改变了四次，当911恐怖袭击之生，这样的内容出现了，故选C，为了表达对死者的哀悼。
4．A 细节推断题。根据倒数第二段提到All the stories in TFK are written by young reporters.所以的文章由年轻记者所写，故选A项。
考点：文化类阅读。
5．A
6．B
7．C
8．B
【解析】
试题分析：这篇文章主要介绍了世界上最幸福国家之一丹麦。
5．推断题：根据and the locals’ manners and sense of humor is refreshing.可推断丹麦人的特点有礼貌幽默. 故选A。
6．推断题：根据True, it is not a cheap destination , but no more so than the UK, and which nation’s public transport system would you rather use?可知对比之后英国的交通系统不能与丹麦的媲美，故选B。
7．主旨题：根据上下文可知文章是按照描述的方式展开的，故选C。
8．推断题：根据Denmark is one of the happiest nations on earth with some of the best quality of life. You don’t need statistics to understand the Dane’s happy lot. Walk around any Danish town and you’ll experience some of the most harmonious civic spaces anywhere. Their intimate scales and perfect transport systems combine the rich history and bold modern lines of the built environment to delight the eye, and the locals’ manners and sense of humor is refreshing.可知这篇文章主要为了向读者介绍丹麦的景点，故选B。
考点：考查风土人情类阅读
9．B
10．A
11．D
12．A
【解析】
试题分析: 本文主要写美国五月历史上发生的事。
9．B 细节推断题。根据第一段提到Isaac Murphy , son of a slave and perhaps the greatest horse rider in American history , rides Buchanan to win his first Kentucky Derby .可知由于Isaac 是个伟大的骑手，他rides Buchanan可知这是一匹赛马，故选B项。
10．A 细节推断题。根据第二段提到showing a snake cut in pieces, with the words “ Join or Die” printed under the picture可知Join or Die是这个卡通片的名字，故选A项。
11．D 细节推断题。根据倒数第二段提到May 19, 1994 Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy Onassis , former first lady and one of the most famous people of the 1960s , died of cancer in New York City at the age of 64可知他死于1994年，故选D项。
12．A 细节推断题。根据最后一段提到over the experimental long-distance telegraph line which runs from Washington, D.C. , to Baltimeore , Md可知和历史上第一个关的城市是Washington，故选A 项。
考点：历史类阅读。
13．C
14．D
15．B
16．C
【解析】
13．答案　C　[推理判断题。文章的第一句话是中心句。]
14．答案　D　[细节理解题。根据文中关键词the first two nights，the next morning和on the third night可知，是按时间顺序组织的。]
15．答案　B　[推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句话可知。]
16．答案　C　[推理判断题。根据文章第二段第二句“Inhibitions are reduced during dreaming, which may be especially useful in solving problems that require a fresh point of view”可知。]