【知识点专区】2015年高中英语 阅读理解新闻报道类阅读 专项练习（含解析）

评卷人
得分
一、阅读理解
LONDON, Feb. 18，2014（Xinhua News agency）—Britain will send experts to East China's Shanghai to learn from the city's experience in maths teaching in an attempt to raise the teaching standards.
British Education Minister Elizabeth Truss is to lead a delegation of experts on a fact-finding mission to Shanghai's schools next week to see how children there have become the best in the world at maths, to get a first-hand look at maths classes and teaching methods there, and particularly to investigate why the performance of almost all children in Shanghai is high, regardless of gender or income.
Britain was last year placed 50th out of 148 countries and regions in the World Economic Forum's competitiveness ranking in quality of maths and science education. Two years ago, Shanghai topped the 2012 international PISA tables for maths, while England was ranked in 26th place. The top five were all in Southeast Asia, with 15-year-olds in Shanghai judged to be three years ahead of their peers in maths.
The education department said: "England's performance in maths has lagged behind while other countries have improved and overtaken us, including Poland and Germany." Actually, it is the latest step in the government's drive to raise standards in maths, looking at what has made schools in the far East the most successful in the world in teaching the subject.
"Shanghai is the top-performing part of the world for maths—their children are streets ahead. Shanghai and Singapore have teaching practices and a positive mind that make the difference. They have a belief that diligence makes up for lack of ability," Truss said. "Our new curriculum has borrowed from theirs because we know it works—early learning of key arithmetic, and a focus on times tables and long division（长除法）, for instance."
She was determined to change the situation as performance in maths is weakening the country's skills base and threatening the productivity and growth. The government is emphasizing maths because of the importance of good grades in the subject to young people competing for good jobs in a global labor market and to the economy more generally.
An education and skills survey released by the Confederation of British Industry last year showed that 30 percent of employers reported dissatisfaction with the standard of school and college leavers' numeracy. More than two-thirds of employers said they wanted both maths and science promoted more in schools.
1．Why does the British government send a delegation of experts to Shanghai?
A. To see how children from rich families have become the best at maths.
B. To investigate why the performance of almost all children in China is high.
C. To get a first-hand look at science classes and teaching methods there.
D. To raise the teaching standards in maths in Britain.
2．Which of the following statements is true according to the two international competition results?
A. British students performed better in 2013 than in 2012.
B. British students did better than the students from Poland in 2013.
C. The students from Singapore did better than the students from Germany.
D. The students from Germany did better than the students from Poland.
3．What has made schools in Shanghai the most successful in teaching maths in the eye of Truss?
A. Curriculum and teaching methods.
B. Teaching practices and a positive mind.
C. Early learning of key arithmetic and times tables.
D. A focus on times tables and long division.
4．How will students’ poor performance in maths affect the country?
A. By threatening the country's competitiveness of economy.
B. By weakening the country's political system.
C. By losing international competitions in education.
D. By failing to find jobs in a global labor market.
5．What can we infer from the news?
A. The students in Britain don’t work hard at Maths.
B. The students in shanghai are the smartest in the world.
C. The education of science in Britain is no better than that of maths.
D. Most British citizens are dissatisfied with teachers’ work.
The shocking disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 has captured the attention of millions around the world as the search for the airplane and its passengers and crew continues. What happened to the flight’s 239 passengers and crew after the plane left Kuala Lumpur on Saturday? It is becoming an increasingly desperate question as the days pass.
But it’s hardly the first mystery of its kind. Here are some half-solved and unsolved airline mysteries that kept investigators clueless for years.
Air France Flight 447:?An Airbus A330 flight from Rio de Janeiro to Paris plunged into the Atlantic Ocean in 2009, killing all 228 passengers and crew on board. But it took a full five days for search and rescue teams to find the wreck（残骸）and another three years for investigators to report that ice crystals had caused the autopilot (自动驾驶仪) to disconnect. The bodies of 74 passengers remain unrecovered.
Amelia Earhart:?Ace (王牌) pilot Amelia Earhart disappeared in her twin-engine monoplane Electra over the Pacific Ocean in 1937 in an attempt to circumnavigate the globe. No trace of her plane was ever found even after a multi-million dollar search effort, and Earhart was officially declared dead in 1939.
Flying Tiger Line Flight 739:?A U.S. military flight left Guam in 1962 with more 90 personnel headed for the Philippines, but it never arrived. The pilots never issued a distress call, and 1,300 people involved in the U.S. military search never found any trace of wreckage.
British South American Airways:?It took more than 50 years to find any trace of the 11 people aboard a 1947 flight that disappeared in the Andes Mountains. A pair of Argentineans rock climbers discovered engine wreckage in the Andes in 1998, and an army expedition later found human remains as well.
Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571:?A flight headed to Santiago, Chile carrying 45 passengers and crew crashed into the Andes Mountains in poor weather in 1972, killing twelve people. In the meantime, eight were killed in an avalanche (雪崩) that hit the plane’s wreckage where they were taking shelter, and the rest stayed alive by eating the flesh of the dead before they were finally found more than two months after disappearing out of the sky.
6．The underlined word “plunged” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. jumped B. broke
C. flew D. dived
7．What can we learn from Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571? _____.
A. 12 people were lost until now.
B. 25 people were rescued instantly.
C. The rest who stayed alive killed 8 people.
D. 8 were killed by a fall of a large mass of snow down a mountainside.
8．From the passage, what could have led to British South American Airways crash? _____.
A. The bad weather. B. Not mentioned.
C. The ice crystals. D. The lightening.
9．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? _____.
A. Earhart was declared dead by the authorities two years later.
B. The bodies of Flight 447 had all been found after three years.
C. Two Argentineans rock climbers discovered the dead in the Andes.
D. Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 was regarded as the largest air crash.
10．The passage has been written to _____.
A. introduce the loss of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370
B. explain how to avoid airplane disappearances as a pilot
C. tell readers mysterious airplane disappearances in Aviation History
D. call on people to protect themselves
Five boys are suspected of starting a fire that destroyed their school on the eve of the new term. Police said yesterday that five boys — one aged 11, two 12-year-olds, one aged 13 and one 15 — arrested on suspicion of starting the fire had been released until later this month. Parents said the five pupils all attended St Mary’s.
Pupils witnessed their schoolwork being destroyed in the fire at Leyland St Mary’s Catholic Technology College in Lancashire. The 1950s science block was reduced to the ground in Sunday’s fire, which created clouds of smoke visible for miles. It is reported that the library and sports hall were also destroyed beyond repair. Strong winds and a shortage of water prevented 125 firemen trying to bring it under control. Firefighters were expected to remain at the scene until late this afternoon. Staffs were due to attend the school yesterday for an inset(培训)day, and pupils pupils were to return for lessons after the holidays today.
St Mary’s head teacher Kathy McNicholas fought back the tears as she watched her school go up in flames last night. She said, “This is so upsetting to watch. It’s heartbreaking. It’s very distressing for the staff and the children. Everyone had been looking forward to coming back for the new school year.” Finding somewhere around 730 children won’t be easy. A few of the staff have turned up to see if there is anything they can do and they have all been shocked and saddened by what has happened. “It’s tragic because we have only just had a lot of refreshment work done to the school during the summer break. It was a big investment. The community around here very much looks after its school.”
Plans were being drawn up to provide alternative classrooms for 730 children, with parents warned to keep them at home for at least the rest of the week.
11． Which part of St Mary’s Catholic Technology College was burned to the ground in the fire?
A. The library. B. Sports hall.
C. The science block. D. The passage doesn’t tell us.
12．The underlined word “distressing” in the third paragraph can be replaced by “ ”.
A. excited B. surprised
C. annoyed D. embarrassed
13．From the whole passage, we can know that .
A. the education of England is worse
B. St Mary’s Catholic Technology College had no trouble finding enough classrooms
C. a shortage of money prevented more than 100 firemen controlling the big fire
D. the pupils had to stay at home before the alternative classrooms were found
14．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Five boys started a fire that destroyed their school.
B. The firemen failed in controlling the fire.
C. The staff and the children were upset.
D. The school planned to take measures to solve the problem.
BEIJING, March 9—The central government will require an additional three years of use for official vehicles for ministers and governors to reduce the costs of purchasing new cars, media have reported.
The new rule has been applied among all Party and government departments nationwide, the Beijing News reported on Tuesday. The new rule has not yet been made public, said Li, a member of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference National Committee.
Under the old rules, the cars used by minister-level officials could be replaced as often as every five years, Li said. These officials will also retain the same cars when they assume new posts, he added.
The new rule also reiterated（重申） that officials ranking below minister-or governor-levels should not be allocated(分配) cars. The cars possessed by their departments should be used on demand.
“It violates（违反） the rules for lower-ranking-even county-level-officials to be allocated cars, “Li said.
Purchases of vehicles for official use have been heavily investigated, as they account for a large expenditure of public funds every year.
A survey on the Web news www. ifeng. com found 64 percent of respondents believed the new rule will be difficult to implement（执行实施） because it is related to officials’ interests.
“Local government departments had halted approvals for requests for such vehicles and had started to work on new quotas under the new rules.” Li said.
“The future reform of official vehicle use will introduce market mechanisms and monetization.”
Premier Wen Jiabao said in the annual government work report on Saturday that expenditures on such vehicles will not increase in 2011 compared with a year ago.
Beijing’s standing deputy mayor Ji Lin last week said the municipal government will release the number of vehicles for official use in the capital as early as at the end of this month.
Earlier this month, the Ministry of Finance had published a rule regulating the budgets for such vehicles.
15．What is the purpose of the new rule allocating vehicles among officials?
A. To promote a low-carbon lifestyle.
B. To cut down the present huge expenditures of purchasing cars.
C. To make good use of the budgets for official cars.
D. To solve the problem of severe traffic jam.
16．How often could the care used by minister-level officials be replaced according to the new rule?
A. Every 3 years. B. Every 5 years.
C. Every 8 years. D. Every 10 years.
17．What about the officials ranking below minister-or governor-levels in terms of official vehicles?
A. They can still possess special cars.
B. They can use their own private cars.
C. They can use cars whenever officially necessary.
D. They can be allocated second-hand cars.
18．What is the public’s attitude toward the new rule’s fulfillment?
A. Skeptical. B. Optimistic.
C. Indifferent. D. Passive.
参考答案
1．D
2．C
3．B
4．A
5．C
【解析】
试题分析：文章大意：这是一篇新闻报道，报道了英国政府派专家代表团来到上海学习先进的数学教学方法，是为了提高英国的数学教学水平。因为在两次国际比赛中都是亚洲国家的学生表现比欧洲的学生要好，英国政府和人们已经意识到数学差会对国家的经济竞争力造成威胁。
1．细节理解题。从第一段的句子：Britain will send experts to East China's Shanghai to learn from the city's experience in maths teaching in an attempt to raise the teaching standards. 可知英国政府派代表团来到上海是为了提高英国的数学教学水平。选D。
2．细节理解题。从第二段的句子："Shanghai is the top-performing part of the world for maths—their children are streets ahead. Shanghai and Singapore have teaching practices and a positive mind that make the difference. 可知从两次的国籍比赛中新加坡的孩子比德国的孩子表现的好，选C。
3．细节理解题。从文章第五段的句子："Shanghai is the top-performing part of the world for maths—their children are streets ahead. Shanghai and Singapore have teaching practices and a positive mind that make the difference.可知在Truss的眼中，让上海在数学教学中最成功的是他们的教学方法和积极的思维，选 B
4．推理判断题。从倒数第二段的句子：The government is emphasizing maths because of the importance of good grades in the subject to young people competing for good jobs in a global labor market and to the economy more generally.可知学生的数学成绩差会威胁到这个国家的经济的竞争力，选A。
5．推理判断题。从文章最后一段的句子:More than two-thirds of employers said they wanted both maths and science promoted more in schools.可知英国的科学教育和数学一样差。注意这里的no better than是“一样差”的意思，选C。
考点：考查新闻报道类短文阅读
6．D
7．D
8．B
9．A
10．C
【解析】
试题分析：文章大意：本文是一则说明文。文章主要介绍了在人类航空历史出现的一些神秘的飞机失踪。
6．词义推测题。Air France Flight 447:?An Airbus A330 flight from Rio de Janeiro to Paris plunged into the Atlantic Ocean in 2009, killing all 228 passengers and crew on board.可以推测出plunge为“突然下降”之意。选D
7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段In the meantime, eight were killed in an avalanche (雪崩) that hit the plane’s wreckage where they were taking shelter可以推测8人死于飞机失事引起的雪崩。选D
8．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段内容可知，文章并没有说明British South American Airways坠毁的原因。选B
9．细节理解题。根据文章第四段No trace of her plane was ever found even after a multi-million dollar search effort, and Earhart was officially declared dead in 1939.可知Earhart两年之后被宣布死亡。选A
10．主旨大意题。根据本文的文章大意：文章主要介绍了在人类航空历史出现的一些神秘的飞机失踪。选C
考点：考查说明文阅读
11．C
12．C
13．D
14．A
【解析】
试题分析:在新学期开始的前一天晚上，五个男孩子被怀疑纵火烧掉了他们学校的大楼。这五个男孩子中其中一个年龄11岁，两个12岁，另外两个分别是13岁和15岁。由于一些原因大火没能被控制住，直到把科教楼烧毁，图书馆也被烧的无法修复，致使开学时间不得不推迟。
11．C细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容The 1950s science block was reduced to the ground in Sunday’s fire,可知选C。
12．C词意猜测题。从文章第三段内容This is so upsetting to watch. It’s heartbreaking.可知老师非常伤心，从下文也可以知道同学们一直期待着新学期返回学校，看到这种场景他们又难过又生气，选C。
13．D 细节理解题。根据文章末段with parents warned to keep them at home for at least the rest of the week.可知在学校找到可以代替的教室前，孩子们不得不呆在家里，选D。
14．A主旨大意题。本文是一篇报道，文章开头提出Five boys are suspected of starting a fire that destroyed their school on the eve of the new term.。然后在下文中详细介绍了事情的过程和严重后果，由此判断A选项内容能够体现文章中心，选A。
考点：考查新闻报道类短文阅读
15．B
16．C
17．C
18．A
【解析】
试题分析: 本文叙述了公车配备使用管理办法规定，省部级官员配车，使用年限从5年一换变为8年一换，厅局级以下干部，按以前的规定也是不配专车，而现在很多县乡一级干部也违规配备了专车。虽然执行新法有一定困难，但是政府决定还是要实行新法。
15．B细节理解题。根据第一段提到The central government will require an additional three years of use for official vehicles for ministers and governors to reduce the costs of purchasing new cars, media have reported.减少购车的开支，故选B
16．C细节理解题。根据第一段提到The central government will require an additional three years of use for official vehicles for ministers and governors to reduce the costs of purchasing new cars,?和第三段Under the old rules, the cars used by minister-level officials could be replaced as often as every five years,?以前是5年更换，现在又增加三年，所以八年的时间，故选C。
17．C细节理解题。根据第四段提到The cars possessed by their departments should be used on demand.根据所需用车，故选C。
18．A细节理解题。根据倒数第六段提到A survey on the Web news www.ifeng.com found 64 percent of respondents believed the new rule will be difficult to carry out because it is related to officials’ interests.?64%的人们认为很难执行，故选A。
考点：政治经济类阅读。