沪教牛津版九年级下册review of units 1-3知识讲解（含答案）

Review of Units 1-3
词句精讲精练
词汇精讲
1. develop
develop 是动词，意为“研制，制定”。develop a plan 意为“制定计划”，与make a plan同义。例如：
Lots of schools develop plans to make students safe.
许多学校制定了保护学生安全的计划。
At the beginning of the term, we developed some new school rules.
学期初，我们制订了一些新的学校规章制度。
【拓展】
develop 还表示“开发，养成，成长”等意义，其名词形式是development。例如：
I developed good reading habits with her help.
在她的帮助下我养成了良好的阅读习惯。
2. allow
allow是动词，意为“允许，准许”，常用于allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事；allow doing sth.“允许做……”。例如：
My parents don’t allow me to smoke. 我的父母不允许我抽烟。
We don’t allow eating in the classrooms. (我们)不允许在教室吃饭。
Her boss doesn’t allow her to use the telephone. 她的老板不允许她使用电话。
3. miss
miss为动词，意为“想念，思念”。例如：
I’ll miss you when you go to Canada. 你到了加拿大以后，我一定会想你。
【拓展】
(1) miss作动词还有“未击中，未抓住”的意思。例如：
I tried to hit the ball but I missed. 我努力地想击中球，但却未成功。
(2) miss还可意为“未赶上，错过”，是动词。例如：
I missed the football match on TV last night. 我错过了昨天晚上电视中的足球赛。
(3) miss与like; mind; finish; enjoy; practice; be busy; stop; can’t help; give up等词一样后接动词的-ing形式。例如：
I don’t want to miss seeing that film on television tonight.
我不想错过今晚在电视上看那部影片的机会。
4. one of
one of后接形容词最高级及名词复数，意为“最……之一”。例如：
Chang Jiang river is one of the longest rivers in the world.
长江是世界上最长的河流之一。
【拓展】
（1）one of the +复数名词+定语从句中，定语从句中的谓语动词跟定语从句所靠近的那个复数名词保持一致，通常用复数。例如：
This is one of the books that are required for studying at school.
这是学校里要求学生学习的书籍之一。
（2）如果one of the +复数名词的前面有the only之类的限定语，后面定语从句的谓语动词则要用单数形式。例如：
He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.
他是我校教师中唯一懂得法语的人。
5. lonely
lonely表示“寂寞的，孤寂的”，带有较强感彩，可用作表语或定语；表示“荒凉的，偏僻的”，用来说明地方，多用作定语。例如：
When his wife died, he was very lonely. 太太死后他非常孤独。
The old man lived in the lonely mountain village. 那个老人住在荒凉的山村。
【拓展】
(1) alone 用作形容词，主要表示客观上的一个人或没有外人，一般不表示寂寞或孤独等感彩，在句中只用作表语。例如：
He is alone． 他孤身一人。不说 He is an alone man． 因为alone一般不作定语。
alone用作副词，与by oneself 意思相近。
Leave me alone．＝ Leave me by myself． 别管我。
We mustn't leave her alone．＝ We mustn't leave her by herself．我们不可以把她单独留下。
He went to the farm alone．＝ He went to the farm by himself．他独自去农场了。
6. however
（1）however用作副词，表示转折，其意为“可是，仍然”等，可放在句首、句中或句末，通常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。例如：
My father, however, did not agree. 但是，我父亲不同意。
My room is small; however, it’s comfortable. 我的房间很小，但却很舒服。
（2）however用作副词，意为“无论如何，不管怎样”，用来修饰形容词或副词，其词序为：however+形容词或副词+主语+谓语。however 引导让步状语从句，与no matter how 相当。例如：
Phone me when you arrive, however late it is. 你到达之后就给我打电话，不论多么晚也要打。
However much he eats, he never gets fat. 不管他吃多少，他永远吃不胖。
7. too much, much too
too much意为“许多，大量”，后接不可数名词，也可作代词短语。例如：
I had too much. I’m full now. 我吃的太多了，现在饱了。
【拓展】
too much / too many / much too的辨析：
词语 词形 特点
too much 形容词短语 后跟不可数名词，也可作代词短语
too many 形容词短语 后跟可数名词的复数，也可作代词短语
much too 副词短语 后跟形容词或副词
例如：
Don’t eat too much sweet. It’s bad for your teeth. 不要吃太多的糖，对牙齿不好。
There are too many books in the room. You can choose any one to read.
房间里有太多的书了，你可以选择任何一本来读。
It’s much too cold outside. You should put on your coat.
外面太冷了，你应该穿上外套。
8. as a result of
as a result of意为“由于……；作为……的结果”。先交代结果，再用as a result of连接原因。
例如：We can’t go out as a result of the heavy rain. 因为下大雨，我们不能出去。
【拓展】
as a result为习惯短语，意为“因此；结果”，在句中作状语。例如：
He didn’t practise, and as a result he lost. 他没有练习，所以输了。
The traffic was very heavy and as a result we didn’t arrive on time.
交通十分拥挤，因此我们没有能准时到达。
词汇精练
I. 英汉互译。
1. as a result of ___________ 2. much too ____________ 3. 去旅行___________
4. as well as ___________ 5. 导致__________ 6. set up _________
7. 脱下_________ 8. 习惯于__________ 9. under the weather _________
10. in one’s spare time _____________
II. 根据所给汉语或首字母提示完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。
1. They are d_________ a plan to protect animals.
2. I got up late this morning and m_______ the school bus.
3. He is ill; h_________, he decides to go to school.
4. Sun Yat-sen was one of the revolution _________ (先驱).
5. The old man is d________. He can’t hear anything.
6. All of them are ________ (注视) at the computer screen.
7. We don’t know whether he’s _________ (活着) or not.
8. The road was so narrow(狭窄) that cars were unable to ________ (通过).
9. Do you know something about the ________ (航行) of Zheng He
10. Zheng He’s trips set up ________(贸易) routes between China and other contries.
III. 用方框中所给词或短语的适当形式填空。
1. We are not allowed _______ (eat) something in class.
2. She is one of the ________ (beautiful) girls in our school.
3. The man lived alone but he never felt ________ (alone).
4. This was the worst ________ (nature) disaster in the history of the United States.
5. Mary suggested ________ (go) there by bus and I agreed.
IV. 听力链接。
请听一段对话，完成第11至第13小题。
11. How are the speakers talking
A. On the radio. B. Face to face. C. On the phone.
12. How much does the woman need to pay
A. $26. B. $31. C. $38.
13. What do we know about the woman
A. She likes blue.
B. She is a good swimmer.
C. She prefers shopping online.
请听一段独白，完成第14至第16小题。
14. What’s the speaker mainly talking about
A. His travel programs.
B. His difficulties in travel.
C. His plans for the TV programs.
15. What does the speaker think of his job
A. Boring but lucky.
B. Fun and relaxing.
C. Pleasant but tiring.
16. What can we learn about the speaker
A. He loves long trips and doesn’t want a change.
B. His next program may be about an old town.
C. He has just finished a ‘round the world’ journey.
参考答案
I. 英汉互译。
1. 结果是 2. 太…… 3. go on a trip 4. 也，还 5. lead to
6. 建立，设立 7. take off 8. get used to 9. 略有不适 10. 在某人的空闲时间里
II. 根据所给汉语或首字母提示完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。
1. developing 2. missed 3. however 4. pioneers 5. dead / deaf
6. staring 7. alive 8. pass 9. voyages 10. trade
III. 用方框中所给词或短语的适当形式填空。
1. to eat 2. most beautiful 3. lonely 4. natural 5. going
IV. 听力链接。
答案：
11. C 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C 16. B
原文：
请听一段对话，完成第11至第13小题。
M: Good morning. Swimshop, Kevin speaking. How can I help you
W: Hello. I’ve got your catalogue here and I’d like some information. Can you give me some prices
M: Of course. Please tell me the page number you’re looking at.
W: OK. The first thing is on page 15 and it’s the Maru swimming suit.
M: OK. The small and medium sizes are $ 22 and the large one is $ 26.
W: Right. I’d like to order the blue one, please, size small.
M: Fine. Have you got more things to order
W: Yes. I’d like some pool shoes for water sports. They are on page 77. How much are they
M: Well, they are $16 but now they’re only $9. What shoe size are you
W: I’m a 6.
M: Let me check. Yes, we’ve just got a blue pair in that size.
W: Blue Great! Well, that’s all I need. My name and address is …
请听一段独白，完成第14至第16小题。
People always ask me why I only travel the hard way! A lot of television travel programs are about relaxing holidays on the beach, but I’ve only ever made programs about really long trips. The last trip I did was a 50,000-mile journey around the Pacific Ocean, and it took 12 months. But my very first trip was a ‘round the world’ journey, and the most difficult one was probably the car journey from the North Pole to the South Pole.
As you can imagine, I’ve seen a lot of the world! I’m lucky to be in really excellent health, but life is very short and I’ve done so much traveling that I want a change. Traveling long distances makes you very tired, and although it’s still a great pleasure for me, I want to do something more relaxing now.
I think my next television series might be made nearer England. There’s some really interesting work going on in Wales, where they’ve just found what remains of a 2,000-year-old town.
But I hope the programs I’ve made about the really long trips will encourage other people to get on a plane and have some adventures. Some people seem to be afraid of going to a strange country and perhaps being ill there, but maybe they realize now that if I can do these trips, so can they…
句式精讲
1. Brad found it hard to understand American idioms.
find it + adj. + (for sb) to do sth. 意为“发现做某事（对某人来说）是……”。其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式to do sth.，形容词作宾语补足语。这一结构可改成由that引导的宾语从句，在it和形容词之间加适当的be动词即可。例如：
I find it easy for me to finish the work in an hour. =
I find that it is easy for me to finish the work in an hour.
我发现对我来说在一小时内完成工作很容易。
2. It sounds similar.
(1) sound作系动词，后接形容词作表语；也可以接介词like，构成sound like，表示“听起来像……”。例如：
The song sounds wonderful! 那首歌听起来太精彩了！
That sounds like a good idea. 那听起来像一个好主意。
(2) sound也可以作名词，意为“声音、响声”。例如：
At midnight he heard a strange sound.半夜里他听到一种奇怪的声音。
【拓展】
(1) sound、voice和noise的辨析：
1) sound可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声音。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说，大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound。例如：
　　 Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。
2) noise意为“噪音”、“喧闹声”，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。例如：
　　 Don’t make any noise! 别吵闹!
　　 The noise wakes me up.噪音吵醒了我!
　　 3) voice一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌、谈笑都可用voice。sound和noise不仅能指人的声音，还可以表示别的动物发出的声音，而voice除了有时可指鸟的声音外，很少表示其它动物的声音。例如：
　　 The girl has a beautiful voice.那女孩嗓音很美。
　　 They are talking in low voices.他们正小声交谈。
　　 When the teacher came into the classroom，our monitor spoke in a loud voice，“Stand up!”
　　 老师走进教室时，班长大声喊：“起立!”
(2) sound、hear和listen的辨析：
sound是系动词，后接形容词，表示“听起来”；hear是及物动词，表示听到的结果；listen是不及物动词，后面接宾语时，要加上to，表示听的动作。例如：
　 He listened carefully, but he heard nothing.　他仔细听，可什么也没听到。
　　 Look! He is listening to the music there. 看，他正在那里听音乐。
3. His travels were so important that they are still studied today.
（1）so...that意思是“如此……以至于……”，中间用形容词或者副词，so修饰词形容词或副词，that的后面是状语从句。而同义短语such...that的中间有名词，such修饰此名词。例如：
Our teacher is so kind that all of us like him.
我们的老师是如此好心以至于我们都喜欢他。
He runs so fast that nobody in my class can catch up with him.
他跑得那么快，我们班没有人能追上他。
It is such an interesting film that all of us like it.
它是一部如此有兴趣的电影以至于我们都喜欢它。
He had such long arms that he could almost touch his knees.他的胳膊很长，几乎就能够到他的膝盖。
（2）如果名词前的形容词是表示数量的few、little、many、much仍要用so修饰。例如：
There were so many people in the room that we could not get in.
房间里那么多的人，我们都进不去。
【拓展】
so that意思是“以便于、为了”，引导表示目的的状语从句。例如：
We got up early this morning so that we can catch the first bus.
我们今天早上起床很早是为了能赶上第一班公共汽车。
4. In 1271, when he was 17 years old, he set off on a journey to Asia with his father and uncle, and did not return home until 24 years later.
(1) until既可作介词又可作连词。作介词时，后接表示时间的名词或数词；作连词时，后接表示时间的状语从句。例如：
He waited until 12:00. 他一直等到12点钟。
He didn’t go to bed until his father came back. 直到他爸爸回来，他才上床睡觉。
(2) until既可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句，但二者所表达的时间界限不同。用于肯定句，表示动作一直持续到until后的时刻；用于否定句，构成….not…until的固定搭配，意为“直到……才……”表示动作从until后的时刻开始。例如：
I did my homework until my mother came back from work. 我一直做作业直到妈妈下班回家。
I didn’t do my homework until my mother came back from work.
直到妈妈下班回家，我才做作业。
(3) until引导的时间状语从句，表将来的动作时，只能用一般现在时代替，即“主将从现”。例如：
I will wait for him until he comes back. 我将一直等到他回来。
5. Every morning, Gary Green starts his day by taking a shower instead of a bath.
instead of为介宾短语，“代替；替代”，of是介词，后接宾语多由名词、代词、介词短语语、动词 + ing 形式充当。例如：
We’ll have fish instead of meat for lunch. 我们中饭吃鱼不吃肉。
They went there on foot instead of by bus. 他们没有乘公共汽车，而是步行去的。
I’ll go instead of her. 我会替她去。
We drive to the bus stop instead of walking. 我们用开车代替步行去公共汽车站。
句式精练
I. 句型转换，每空一词。
1. I found that it is easy for me to learn English well. (改为简单句)
I found ______ ______ ______ _______ to learn English well.
2. The song sounds wonderful. (改为否定句)
The song ________ _______ wonderful.
3. Our teacher is so kind that all of us like him. (用such…that 改写)
He is _______ _______ _______ ________ that all of us like him.
4. We won’t have meat for lunch. We’ll have fish. (合并为一句)
We’ll have meat _______ ______ fish for lunch.
5. My hair is black. My brother’s hair is Brown. (合并为一句)
My hair is ________ _______ my brother’s.
II. 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。
1. 它已经成为这个国家最大的公司之一。
It has become _________ _______ the ________ _______ in this country.
2．他们打算下周去欧洲旅行。
They are going to _______ ________ _______ _______ to Europe next week．
3．他们在农村长大。
He _______ ________ in the countryside．
4．请交上你们的家庭作业。
Please ________ ________ your homework．
5．他们梦想周游世界。
They dreamed of travelling ________ ________ ________．
6．那个沙发也可以充当床。
That sofa can also ________ ________ a bed
7．她的父母对她影响很大。
Her parents ________ _________ great _________ to her．
8．我们应该采取行动去帮助无家可归的人。
We should _________ _________ to help homeless people．
9．这个城市的人每天需要大量的水。
People ________ _________ ________ need mountains of water every day．
10．由于洪水，他无家可归了。
________ ________ _________ _________ floods，he is homeless．
III. 补全对话。
请阅读下面对话，从方框内7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成对话。其中有两个句子是多余的。
（D=Darren, C= Carol）
D: Hi, Carol! 1
C: Oh, hi, Darren. I’m just getting ready for the Red Nose Day concert tomorrow.
D: Oh, really Well, I’m free this afternoon. 2
C: Actually, I’ve nearly finished. Jim and I are going to put up some ads later, though. Could you please help us with that
D: 3
C: That’s wonderful! Oh, there’s one more thing. Would you mind coming early tomorrow to help sell tickets at the door
D: Not at all, 4
C: Around six would be great.
D: OK. 5
C: Great. Thanks, Darren.
A. No problem.
B. See you then.
C. Of course not.
D. What are you doing
E. Can I give you a hand
F. What time shall I be there
G. Have you finished your homework
参考答案
I. 句型转换，每空一词。
1. it easy for me 2. doesn’t sound 3. such a kind teacher
4. instead of 5. different from
II. 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。
1. one of, biggest companies 2. go on a trip 3. grew up 4. hand in
5. around the world 6. act as 7. make a，difference 8. take action
9. in the city 10. As a result of
III. 补全对话。
1-5 DEAFB
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