人教版（2019） 必修 第一册 UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD复习课件(共98张PPT)

(共98张PPT)
UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”　
1．bone n．　　　　　　 骨头；骨(质)
2．shell n. 壳；壳状物
3．carve vt. & vi. 雕刻
4．means n. 方式；方法；途径
5．CE (＝Common Era) 公元
6．pants n. [pl.] 内裤；短裤；裤子
7．beg vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求
8．gap n. 间隔；开口；差距
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”　
1．billion n．　　　　　 十亿
2．native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的
n. 本地人
3．attitude n. 态度；看法
4．system n. 体系；制度；系统
5．despite prep. 即使；尽管
6．factor n. 因素；要素
7．symbol n. 符号；象征
8．dynasty n. 王朝；朝代
9．dialect n. 地方话；方言
10．regard n. 尊重；关注
vt. 把……视为；看待
11．character n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
12．calligraphy n. 书法；书法艺术
13．affair n. 公共事务；事件；关系
14．specific adj. 特定的；明确的；具体的
15．struggle n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗
16．tongue n. 舌头；语言
17．semester n. 学期
18．petrol n. 汽油
19．subway n. 地铁
20．apartment n. 公寓套房
21．vocabulary n. 词汇
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”　
1．refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于→ n．提到；参考
2．base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n．底部；根据→ adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→ adj.基本的；基础的→ adv.从根本上说→ n．准则；方式；基础
reference
based
basic
basically
basis
3．vary v．不同；变化；改变→ n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→ adj.不同的；各种各样的
4．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究→ n．大多数；大半
5．classic adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n．经典作品；名著→ _________adj.古典的；经典的；传统的；第一流的n.古典音乐
variety
various
majority
classical
6．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球→ adj.全球的；全世界的→ _________adv.全球地
7．appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值→ n．欣赏；感激；感谢
8．equal n．同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同样的→ n．平等；相等→ adv.同样地；相等地；平均地
global
globally
appreciation
equality
equally
9．demand n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问→ adj.苛求的；要求高的；费力的
10．describe vt.描述→ n．描写(文字)；形容
11．relate vt.联系；讲述→ adj.有关系的；有关联的；讲述的；叙述的→ n．关系；亲属→ n．亲戚；同类事物
demanding
description
related
relation
relative
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”　
1.我的“方法”我做主
①means n．　　　　　 方式；方法
②way n. 方法；道路
③method n. 方法
④manner n. 方式；态度
⑤approach n. 方法；接近；通路
2.处理“事情”有妙招
①affair n．　　　 　　 事务；事件
②matter n. 事情；事件；问题
③thing n. 事情；东西
④event n. 事件；大事；(尤指)重要事情
⑤business n. 生意；公事；商务
⑥trifle n. 琐事；小事
3.“感恩”之心不可无
①appreciate vt.　　　 感激
②thank vt. 感谢；向……表示谢意
n. 感谢
③acknowledge vt. 致谢；答谢
④gratitude n. 感激之情；感谢
⑤thankful adj. 感谢的；感激的
⑥grateful adj. 感谢的；感激的
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 　　　　　 因……而著名
2． 起初
3． 依赖；依靠
4． 许多
5． 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
6． 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
be known for
at/in the beginning
depend on
a number of
refer to
ups and downs
7． 追溯到
8． 观点；看法
9． 与……相关；涉及；谈到
10． 过去常常
11． 把……与……比较
12． 承担；接受；呈现；雇用
date back (to ...)
point of view
relate to
used to
compare ... with ...
take on
[联想串记]
1.at的相关短语
at the beginning　　 起初
at first 起先；起初
at last 最后；终于
at present 现在；目前
at least 至少
2.“动词＋on”式的短语
depend on　　　 　 依赖；依靠
insist on 坚持
feed on 以……为食
try on 试穿
pass on 传递；继续
turn/switch on 打开
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说　
1．“be of＋名词”结构
教材原句 That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
推荐佳句 ①(2021·全国甲卷书面表达)Furthermore, guzheng is of great significance to Chinese folk music, leading you to a fantastic world of music.
此外，古筝对中国民间音乐有着重要的意义，引领你进入一个奇妙的音乐世界。
②(新教材译林版必修2佳句)When to eat is also of great importance.
什么时间吃也很重要。
续表
2．“no matter＋特殊疑问词”引导的让步状语从句
教材原句 Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍然能通过书写(汉字)进行交流。
推荐佳句 ①(2022·全国甲卷)Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.了解一些技巧将有助于确保您与朋友或家人一起享受愉快的一餐——无论您身处世界何方。
推荐佳句 ②(新教材译林版选择性必修1佳句)No matter how bad my mood is, that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits.
不论我情绪有多差，这种绝妙的组合都足以令我振作。
续表
3．the＋比较级 ..., the＋比较级 ...
教材原句 It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow.
这是对大脑的锻炼；我对一门语言了解得越多，我的大脑就越发育。
推荐佳句 ①(2022·全国甲卷)The more time you spend in any given country, the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
你在任何一个特定的国家待的时间越长，你就会开始对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服。
推荐佳句 ②(新教材外研版必修1佳句)The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.
我们对这种迷人的生物了解越多，它们在自然界中得以长久生存并保持其位置的可能性就越大。
续表
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊　
形体描写之“口”
I was still recalling the splendid scenery when we were in my grandparents' living room. David excitedly narrated our experience, eyes blazing with enthusiasm. Worries came to his forehead when he explained the troubles. A smile lifted the corner of his mouth when it came to camping. Suddenly Mum shouted out in a strange voice. Haunted by a strong sense of horror, I heard Mum screaming “I forgot the tent！”
当我们在祖父母的客厅时，我仍在回忆那壮丽的景色。大卫兴奋地讲述了我们的经历，眼睛里充满了热情。当他解释麻烦事时，担忧就浮现在他的额头。说到露营时，他嘴角露出了笑容。突然，妈妈用一种奇怪的声音叫喊。被强烈的恐惧感困扰着，我听到妈妈尖叫到“我忘了带帐篷了！”
[点评]　本段中使用了“narrated, explained, A smile lifted the corner of his mouth, shouted out, screaming”等各种各样的有关“嘴”的动作和描写， 生动形象地勾勒出了一个旅游后意犹未尽又出其不意的画面。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1． (土著的) Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.
2．Playing ping-pong can not only build up your body but also shape your _________(品质)．
3．If you want to pass your exams, you'd better change your (态度)!
Native
character
attitude
4． (尽管) her good salary, she measured out every dollar needed for household expenses.
5．She made no (提及) to her illness but only to her future plans.
6．All (方式，方法) have been tried to solve the problem but in vain.
7．We are to (斗争) against all kinds of adversity to make us stronger.
Despite
reference
means
struggle
8．Running also strengthens your immune (系统) and reduces the risk of health problems.
9．I would (感激) it if you could pay in cash.
10．Now that we are all part of the (全球的) village, everyone becomes a neighbor.
system
appreciate
global
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Sometimes teachers in kindergarten (refer) to as leaders of children.
2．The article is based guesses about what might happen in the future.
3．The (major) were in favour of banning smoking.
4．Call me if you have any problems (regard) your work.
are referred
on
majority
regarding
5．She tried to ensure her affection was (equal) shared among all three children.
6．He demanded (see) the manager in person in order to ask for a refund.
7．At this present moment, I have a joy inside of me which is beyond ___________(describe)．
8．He (beg) forgiveness for what he had done.
equally
to see
description
begged
9．Containing too much sugar and fat, fast food contributes to________ (vary) diseases.
10．The activities may range from Chinese calligraphy competition to paper cutting, martial arts, (appreciate) of Beijing Opera and so on.
various
appreciation
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．There are far more opportunities for young people now than there _______be.
2．Participants would draw pictures, which they expressed their ideas of a better campus.
used to， a number of， refer to， ups and downs， date back to， point of view， relate to， by means of， compare ... with ...， take on
used to
by means of
3．In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in my lovely hometown, making it a new look.
4．We are bound to see some along the road to recovery.
5．There are different points of view on this issue.
6．In our village stood a temple the Tang Dynasty.
7．When I am faced with a difficulty, I usually choose to relevant learning materials or web pages.
take on
ups and downs
a number of
dating back to
refer to
8．From my ,we should eat more vegetables and less fat and sugar.
9．I ended up not caring about anything math, without working hard on math at all.
10．We shouldn't our weaknesses the strengths of others.
point of view
related to
compare
with
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)压力越大，越有可能你的学习效率越低。(the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...)
you are under, your learning efficiency is likely.
2．(完成句子)不管你在读什么，重要的是享受你所读的东西。(no matter what)
,it is important to enjoy what you read.
The more stress
the lower
No matter what you are reading
3．(完成句子)你可能处于一种情况，使你不得不立刻做出决定。(限制性定语从句)
You could get into a situation____________________________________
.
4．(一句多译)清晨早起对这位病人的健康非常有益。
①Getting up early in the morning is to this patient's health.(of＋抽象名词)
②Getting up early in the morning is to this patient's health.
where/in which you have to decide
of great benefit
immediately
very beneficial
5．(一句多译)每天锻炼一两个小时是保持健康的好方法。
① (动名词作主语)
②
(it作形式主语)
Doing some exercise one or two hours a day is a good way to keep fit.
It is a good way to keep fit by doing some exercise one or two hours a day.
6．A girl came in and sat beside me. She dressed like a student.(用分词作定语改写)
→A girl, ,came in and sat beside me.
7．Hangzhou holds the great collection of fine relics of Jiangnan, which is a must to see.(用can＋否定词升级句式)
→Hangzhou holds the great collection of fine relics of Jiangnan, which you .
can never miss
dressed like a student
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础n.底部；根据
　(单句语法填空/句式升级)
①With our knowledge (base) on practice, we can make great contributions to our society.
based
②After school we practise dancing a regular basis, which helps me connect with others and greatly enriches my campus life.
③The restaurant is based on trust, and it is working all right.
→ ,the restaurant is working all right.(用分词短语作状语升级句子)
on
Based on trust
系统归纳 (1)base ... on/upon ... 把……建立在……基础之上
be based on/upon 以……为基础；依据……
(2)basis n. 基础；基本原则
on the basis of 在……的基础上；根据……
on a regular basis 定期地
2．means n．方式；方法；途径
　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Email is effective means of communication.
②Every possible means (have) been tried，but none worked.
＝All possible means (have) been tried，but none worked.
an
has
have
③Ancient people recorded what had happened by means carving varieties of symbols with specific meanings onto shells or bones.
④In conclusion, .
总之，这项传统绝不应该被消除。
of
by no means should the tradition be removed
系统归纳 (1)a means of (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法、途径
(2)by means of　　 用；依靠；通过
by all means 一定；务必；当然可以(口语)
by no means 决不；无论如何都不
微点提醒 (1)by no means放在句首时，常用部分倒装，有类似用法的还有：in no way, on no account, under no circumstances, in no case, at no time等。
(2)means表示“方式，方法”时，单复数同形，当means作主语且有every，each等修饰时，谓语动词用单数；当由some，several，few，many等修饰时，谓语动词用复数。
3．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的 vt.比得上；敌得过
　(单句语法填空/一句多译)
①Any man will be equal the task, so long as he is careful.
②No one equals him courage, about which every one knows.
③We Chinese people have persistently urged the (equal) of nations, big or small.
to
in
equality
④A cheerful state of mind is (equal) important to our health as healthy diets and regular exercise.
⑤尽管约翰很年轻，但是他却能胜任这项重要的工作。
→Young as he was, John the important task. (equal)
→Young as he was, John the important task. (fit)
→Young as he was, John the important task. (qualified)
equally
was equal to
was fit for
was qualified for
系统归纳 (1)equal ... with ...　 把……与……等同
equal sb./sth.in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面比得上某人/物
(2)be equal to (doing) sth. 等于；能胜任(做)某事
be equal with 与……平等
without equal 无与伦比
(3)equality n. 相等；平等
equally adv. 相等地；平等地；同样地
微点提醒 表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达有：
①be up to　②be fit for　③be qualified for
4．refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅
　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Chinese traditional painting refers paintings painted on Xuan paper or silk in ink by brush made of animal hair.
②With winter vacation approaching, here are some tips for your__________ (refer)．
to
reference
③He hesitated for some time to decide which he would choose from all the books (refer) to.
④If I hadn't experienced it by myself, I a science fiction.
如果我没有亲身经历过，我会把它当作科幻小说。
系统归纳 (1)refer ... to ...　　　　 把……提交给……
refer to ... as ... 把……称作……
(2)reference n. 提及；参考；查阅
in/with reference to 关于
referred
would refer to it as
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
限制性定语从句中关系副词的用法
1．用适当的介词填空
①Yesterday we visited the West Lake which Hangzhou is famous.
②This is the camera which he often takes photos.
③There is a big window which I can see the railway station.
for
with
through
2．用适当的关系副词填空
①Unsuccessful people can always find reasons they're not doing well.
②The accident has reached to the point both their parents are to be called in.
③After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town he grew up as a child.
④The days they travelled together meant a lot to him.
why
where
where
when
3．句型转换
①I'll never forget the day when I joined the party.
→I'll never forget the day I joined the party.
②The reason for which he refused the invitation is not clear.
→The reason he refused the invitation is not clear.
③The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
→The house I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
on which
why
in which
[谨记规则]
(1)when引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示时间的名词，when在从句中作时间状语， 相当于“介词＋which ”结构。
(2)where引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示地点的名词，where在从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词＋which”结构。关系副词where可以表示“地点的模糊化”。当先行词表示某人/物所处的situation，或某事发展的stage，或表达某事的某个方面时都可用关系副词where。常见的先行词还有point, case, position, condition等。
(3)why引导定语从句时，从句的先行词通常是reason, why在从句中作原因状语，相当于“for＋which ”结构。
[名师点津]　表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，则应用关系代词。　　
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值
常见考法 (1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.-ing 欣赏/感激……
I would appreciate it if ... 假如……，我将不胜感激
(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激
express one's appreciation to sb. 表达对某人的感激之情
升维考法 　　appreciate之后不能直接跟宾语从句，要在宾语从句前面加上形式宾语it。有类似用法的动词或短语还有：like, hate, dislike, love, depend/rely on等。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①We shall appreciate (hear) from you again.
②I'm writing to invite you to take part in a Tang poetry____________ (appreciate) activity in the school culture club next Friday.
③First of all, I would like to your participation.
首先，我对你们的参与表示我最衷心的感谢。
hearing
appreciation
express my most sincere appreciation to
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级/完成句子)
④I appreciate (give) this opportunity.
⑤I would be grateful to you if you could give me an early reply at your convenience.
→I you could give me an early reply at your convenience.
⑥You can all of us will stand by you all the time.
你放心好了，我们大家都会一直支持你的。
being given
would appreciate it if
depend on it that
2．demand n．要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问
常见考法 (1)in demand　　　　　　 需求；受欢迎
meet one's demand(s)/needs 满足某人的需求
(2)demand to do sth. 要求做某事
(3)demanding adj. 苛求的；要求过高的；费力的
升维考法 (1)demand后跟that引导的宾语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。但要注意：从句中的主谓关系若为被动，需用“should be done”。
(2)demand不直接接表示人的词语作宾语，而须用of，即demand of sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事” 。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Science graduates are greater demand than arts ones in some areas.
②She loved helping others and found the job (demand), but always rewarding.
③She demands (know) what he is doing about the situation.
in
demanding
to know
④The PE classes in our school have launched varieties of sports to attract us and .
我们学校的体育课开展了各种各样的体育活动来吸引我们，满足我们的需求。
meet our demands/needs
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
⑤I demand you to finish the task on time.
⑥The teacher demanded to be given my parents' telephone number.
→The teacher demanded that my parents' telephone number.
of
he (should) be given
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．“be of＋名词”结构
(1)be of use/importance/significance/help ...＝be useful/important/significant/helpful ...这些抽象名词前还可用great, little, some, any, much, no等来修饰说明其程度。
(2)be of colour/age/size/height/weight/shape/type/kind ...这类名词前常用different, the same, this, that等来修饰或说明。
(3)be of quality/character/feature ...这类名词前常用good, bad, nice, fine, serious等来修饰或说明。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①A harmonious family is beneficial to a child's personal development.
→A harmonious family to a child's personal development.
②The meeting held yesterday was very important.
→The meeting held yesterday was .
is of benefit
of great importance
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③你会发现这张地图对你周游上海很有用。
④请把这些东西捐给慈善机构。它们对我没有用了。
You'll find this map is of great value for you to travel around Shanghai.
Please give/donate these things to charities.They are of no use to me.
2．the＋比较级 ..., the＋比较级 ...
(1)意为“越……，就越……”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
(2)从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级”是表示条件的状语从句(在表示将来意义时，从句用一般现在时表示将来)；第二个“the＋比较级”是主句。
(3)本结构可以用省略形式。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①If you use English more frequently, you will learn it well faster.
→ you use English, you will learn it well.
②When we know more about the importance of culture protection, we can get stronger support from the public.
→ _____________________________________________________________
The more frequently
the faster
The more we know about the importance of culture protection, the stronger support we can get from the public.
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③你拥有的知识越多，你就越有能力应对任何你将要面对的挑战。
you are to deal with any challenge you'll face.
④我们锻炼得越多，我们的身体就会越健康。
The more knowledge you have, the better-equipped
The more exercise we take, the healthier our bodies will be.
2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D篇
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as“f” and“v”， were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and“v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago.“The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution，” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.　 　
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类语音的演变与人类的饮食变化之间的关联。
1．Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi's research focus on
A．Its variety.　　　 B．Its distribution.
C．Its quantity. D．Its development.
答案：D　
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A ground-breaking ...the world's languages.”可知，有研究表明，人类(上下齿间的)咬合变化与饮食相关，导致了新的语音出现。根据第二段中的“Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi ...why this trend arose.”可以推知，Damián Blasi的研究集中在人类语音的发展。
2．Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A．They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B．They could not open and close their lips easily.
C．Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D．Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，远古成年人的上门牙和下门牙是对齐的，而唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙而发出的，因此他们难以发出唇齿音。由此可知，远古成年人很难发出唇齿音是因为他们的颌骨构造不方便发出这种音。
3．What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A．Supporting evidence for the research results.
B．Potential application of the research findings.
C．A further explanation of the research methods.
D．A reasonable doubt about the research process.
答案：A　
解析：段落大意题。上文提到人类语音及牙齿咬合的变化与新石器时代农业发展水平有关。根据第五段内容可知，对语言数据库的分析也证实了新石器时代之后，世界语言的语音发生了全球性的变化。因此第五段是进一步证实上文提到的研究结果——这种咬合的变化与新石器时代农业的发展水平有关。
4．What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A．It is key to effective communication.
B．It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C．It is a complex and dynamic system.
D．It drives the evolution of human beings.
答案：C　
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“... but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution”可知，Steven Moran说人类的语音是一个复杂的动态系统。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模(第4题)
思维建模 模型应用
第一步：定位 查找对应信息点 根据题干关键信息“Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds”定位到第六段第二句。
第二步：理解 信息点的字面 意思 自从人类出现以来，我们使用的语音不一定保持稳定，更确切地说，我们今天发现的各种语音都是像生物变化和文化进化等复杂的相互作用的产物。
第三步：分析 推断隐含信息 complex是原词复现，dynamic是文中 “biological change and cultural evolution”的概括性表述，由此可推断出，Steven Moran 说人类的语音是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C。
续表
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(熟词生义)More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”， were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. _____
②(一词多义)Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose._____
指出
出现
③(一词多义)Food became easier to chew at this point.______
④(一词多义)This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago._____________
⑤(熟词生义)It drives the evolution of human beings._____
阶段
(事物)存在的
推动
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①more than　　　　　　　 ____________
②lead to ____________
③such as ____________
④be connected with ______________
⑤remain stable __________
⑥but rather __________________
多于；超过
导致；造成
譬如；例如
和……有关系
保持稳定
更确切地说；而是
三、寻结构破长句
1．They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned, making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.
抓标志：连接词 ；关系代词 ______
判类型：主句＋宾语从句(其中分词短语作状语；含有一个定语从句)
试翻译：他们发现，古代成年人的上下门牙排列整齐，很难产生唇齿音， 。
that
which
唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙形成的
2．The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution ...
抓标志：被省略的关系代词which/that；并列连词 ；关系代词_____
判类型：复合句(含有一个定语从句)＋并列连词＋复合句(含有一个定语从句)
but
that
试翻译：自从人类出现以来， 语音不一定保持稳定，更确切地说， 各种语音都是像生物变化和文化进化等复杂的相互作用的产物。
我们使用的
我们今天发现的
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏结构之美)Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure, making it easier to produce such sounds.
赏析：句中分词短语“making it easier to produce such sounds”作状语，说明了“我们更容易发出这样的声音”是“我们的下颚变成了覆盖咬合结构”的结果。语言精练，句式高级。
[对点练——单句语法填空/翻译句子]
①Bicycles can be picked up and left anywhere, (make) them convenient for users.
②印刷术在许多年前就在中国发明了，使中国文化得以传播到世界各地。
making
The printing was invented in China many years ago, making it possible for the Chinese culture to be spread all over the world.
2.(赏用词之美)Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.
赏析：confirm“证实”，用于说明研究成果，客观严谨。global “全球性的”和remarkably “显著地”描述了世界语言的发音变化的范围和“f”和“v”的使用增加的程度，使得句子有血有肉，让读者对语音发展有了深刻的了解。
[对点练——单句语法填空]
①It's generally accepted that forest has the functions of cooling off ______(globe) temperature, refreshing the air, preserving soil and water.
② (remarkable), after weeks in the hospital, the little boy survived.　　
global
Remarkably
3.(赏逻辑之美)Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.
赏析：本段先描述大家熟悉的现象，然后使用转折连词but话音一转，对该现象提出设问，随即引入文章主题。逻辑严谨，层次分明，激发了读者的思考和想要了解这一研究的好奇心。
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（五）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看