人教版（2019） 必修 第一册 UNIT 3　SPORTS AND FITNESS复习课件(共100张PPT)

(共100张PPT)
UNIT 3　SPORTS AND FITNESS
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”　
1．event n．　　　　　 比赛项目；大事；公开活动
2．ski adj. 滑雪的
vi. 滑雪
3．track n. 跑道；足迹；铁路轨道
vt. & vi. 追踪；跟踪
4．gym n. 健身房；体育馆
5．sweat vt. 使出汗；出汗弄湿
vi. 出汗；流汗
n. 汗水；出汗
6．glory n. 荣誉；光荣；赞美
7．medal n. 奖章；勋章
8．apart adv. 分离；分开；成碎片
9．cheat vi. 作弊；舞弊
vt. 欺骗；蒙骗
n. 欺骗手段；骗子
10．slim adj. 苗条的；单薄的
11．diet n. 规定饮食；日常饮食
vi. 节食
12．rather adv. 相当；有点儿
13．jog vi. 慢跑
n. 慢跑
14．error n. 错误；差错
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”　
1．soccer n．　　　　　 足球；足球运动
2．stadium n. 体育场；运动场
3．boxing n. 拳击(运动)
4．badminton n. 羽毛球运动
5．marathon n. 马拉松赛跑
6．gymnastics n. 体操(训练)
7．legend n. 传奇故事(或人物)；传说
8．master n. 高手；主人
vt. 精通；掌握
9．captain n. (运动队)队长；船长；机长
10．pretend vi. & vt. 假装；装扮
11．million num. 一百万
12．audience n. 观众；听众
13．positive adj. 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的
14．push-up n. 俯卧撑
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”　
1．fit adj.健康的；合适的 v．适合→ n．健康；健壮；适合
2．host vt.主办；主持 n．主人；东道主；节目主持人→ n．女主人；女主持人
3．athlete n．运动员；运动健儿→ adj.运动型的；体育运动的；健壮的；田径运动的
fitness
hostess
athletic
4．honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 v．尊敬；尊重(某人)；给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)→ adj.受尊敬的；感到荣幸的→ adj.尊敬的；体面的；正直的；高尚的
5．champion n．冠军；优胜者→ n．锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号
6．determine vt.决定；下决心→ n．决心；决定→ ___________adj.坚决的；有决心的
honoured
honourable
championship
determination
determined
7．injure vt.使受伤；损害→ adj.受伤的；有伤的→ n．伤害；损伤
8．grace n．优雅；高雅；风度→ adj.优美的；优雅的→ _________adv.优雅地；温文地
9．strength n．力量；体力→ vt.加强；巩固→ adj.强壮的；坚强的
injured
injury
graceful
gracefully
strengthen
strong
10．fail vi.失败；不及格；未能(做到)→ n．失败；失败的人(或事物)
11．compete vi.竞争；对抗→ n．竞争→ adj.竞争的；有竞争力的→ n．竞争者
12．stress n．压力；紧张；重音 vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安→ adj.压力重的；紧张的→ adj.焦虑不安的
failure
competition
competitive
competitor
stressful
stressed
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”　
1.“跑”的方式很多样
①jog vi.& n．　　　　 慢跑
②run vi.& n. 奔跑；跑步；参加(赛跑)
③rush vi.& n. 冲；奔
④dash vi.& n. 猛冲；飞奔
⑤flee vi. 逃跑
⑥race n. 赛跑
2.认识“错误”从内心
①error n．　　　　　 错误；差错
②mistake n. 错误；过失
③wrong n. 错误的行为
④fault n. 过错
⑤offence n. 过错；罪过；冒犯
3.愿你“积极”有担当
①positive adj.　　 　 积极的；乐观的
②active adj. 积极的；活跃的；主动的
③energetic adj. 积极的；充满活力的
④vigorous adj. 有活力的
⑤optimistic adj. 乐观的
4.-ness后缀名词齐相聚
①fitness　　　　 　　 健康；健壮；适合
②kindness 友好；仁慈；善良
③happiness 快乐；幸福
④awareness 认识；意识；感悟能力
⑤eagerness 渴望；热心
⑥loneliness 孤独；寂寞
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 　　　　 跟随；到达；进步；赶快
2． 减肥
3． 由某人决定
4． 锻炼；计算出；解决
5． 获得成功；准时到达
6． 树立榜样
come along
lose weight
up to sb.
work out
make it
set an example
7． 破裂；破碎；崩溃
8． 丧失信心；泄气
9． 放弃；投降
10． 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
11． 假装做某事
12． 即使；虽然
fall apart
lose heart
give up
make sense
pretend to do sth.
even if/though
13． 有作用或影响
14． 而不是
15． 而不是；代替
16． 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下
17． 有时；偶尔
18． 与……比较
make a difference
rather than
instead of
cut ...out
now and then
compare ...with/to ...
[联想串记]
1.come的相关短语
come along　　 跟随；到达；进步；赶快
come across 偶遇；无意中发现
come about 发生；产生；出现
come up 走近；发生；上升；发芽；被提出
come up with 提出；想出；赶上
come over 过来；顺便来访
2.apart的相关短语
fall apart　 　 破裂；破碎；崩溃
set apart 留出……；使分离；区别
take apart 拆开；剖析
tell apart 区分；分辨
apart from 远离，除……之外；且不说；缺少
3.含连词and的相关短语
now and then　　　 有时；偶尔
again and again 再三地；反复地
up and down 上上下下
day and night 日日夜夜
once and for all 彻底地；一劳永逸地
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说　
1．Sb./Sth.seems/seemed＋不定式
教材原句 When Michael Jordan's feet left the ground, time seemed to stand still.
当迈克尔·乔丹双脚离地的那一瞬间，时间似乎都凝固了。
推荐佳句 ①(2021·浙江6月高考)There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven，then being outdoors will be a habit for life.
有很多非常有趣的证据似乎表明，如果孩子们受激励到七岁，那么户外活动将成为一种生活习惯。
②And my magic medicine does indeed seem to do the trick.
并且我的灵药似乎确实取得了成效。
续表
2．even if/though引导让步状语从句
教材原句 A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.
即使对自己的球队有帮助，一个足球运动员也不应该假装跌倒。
推荐佳句 ①(2022·浙江1月高考写作)I can still recall the enjoyable time we spent together even if a week has passed since you returned home.
即使你回家已经一个星期了，我仍然记得我们一起度过的愉快时光。
推荐佳句 ②There are two playgrounds and a big stadium in our school, which offer us an opportunity to do a variety of sports even if it's rainy.
我们学校有两个操场和一个大体育馆，即使下雨我们也有机会做各种运动。
续表
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊　
形体描写之“眼”
He nodded and bit his lip, tears welling up in his eyes. I hugged him firmly, patting his back gently. “I have faith in you and you will not be looked down upon. Instead, everyone will cheer for you when you are running！” David was inspired instantly and accepted to run. Seeing the determination in his eyes, I wiped the tears on his cheeks, promising to keep him company until the end of the competition.
他点点头，咬着嘴唇，泪水涌上了眼眶。我紧紧抱着他，轻轻地拍着他的背。“我对你有信心，你不会被轻视的。相反，当你跑步时，每个人都会为你欢呼！”大卫立刻受到了鼓舞，答应了去跑。看到他眼中坚定的眼神，我擦去他脸颊上的泪花，答应陪他到比赛结束。
[点评]　本段中使用了“tears welling up in his eyes(独立主格结构), will not be looked down upon(被动结构)，Seeing the determination in his eyes(分词作状语)”等描写人物伤心、坚定的心理状态和与眼有关的动作，形象地描写了安慰、鼓励他人的暖心画面。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1． (百万) of people gave freely in response to the appeal for the victims of the earthquake.
2．You're not allowed to look at the answers — that's (作弊)．
3． (健康) has now become an important element in our lives.
Millions
cheating
Fitness
4．To show hospitality, some (主人) or hostesses frequently feed food into the guest's dish, ignoring the serving chopsticks or spoons.
5．I was fortunate in being elected (队长) of that team.
6．Such a (乐观的) attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits.
7．She (强调) the importance of careful preparation the other day.
hosts
captain
positive
stressed
8．Students are expected to (掌握) a second language.
9．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)It usually covers the main (大事) in our school, so by simply turning the pages, I can learn about the important events during the week.
10．I expect your e-mail about how you beat others and got the (奖章)．
master
events
medal
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated honour of Qu Yuan, a great poet living in the Warring States period of ancient China.
2．He was determined (build) a new life out of the ruins of his career.
3．The talking students pretended (read) when the class teacher came in.
in
to build
to be reading
4．The ability to keep calm is one of her many (strength)．
5．His knee got (injure), but he stood up and kept on running towards the finishing line.
6．The (compete) is open to young people under the age of 18.
7．It was his (grace) moves and jumps that motivated me into basketball.
strengths
injured
competition
graceful
8．Given the (fail) of the previous plan, this turned out to be a relative success.
9．However, now I start thinking about (fit) rather than weight.
10．During the competition, the (athlete) went all out to win the champion.
failure
fitness
athletes
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Students are encouraged to develop critical thinking____________ accepting opinions without questioning them.
2．Take it easy and everything will well.
make a difference， compare ... with ...， work out， lose heart， make it， make sense，come along， fall apart， set a good example， instead of
instead of
come along
3．My classmate Andy is an admirable figure who in many aspects can
_________________ for us.
4．So never give up or no matter what happens.
5．Maybe one's act seems tiny, but all people's efforts really .
6．We don't have to keep these old chairs any more.Anyway, they are .
set a good example
lose heart
make a difference
falling apart
7．To begin with, I tried to in the gym, but I found it hard to spare time as well as feeling very tired after exercising.
8．You can your actual timetable the planned one to see how well you actually use your time.
9．When we are faced with new challenges, we may feel nervous and be not sure whether we can .
10．It to use public transport or ride bicycles as much as possible.
work out
compare
with
make it
makes sense
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子) is to work hard.
我成功的秘诀是努力学习。
2．(完成句子) ,Chinese food is higher in nutrition and lower in fat.
与快餐相比，中餐营养更高，脂肪更低。
The secret to my success
Compared with fast food
3．(同义替换)Even though smoking is very bad, the number of smokers keeps growing, and the average age of the smokers is getting younger.
_______________________
4．(一句多译)互联网似乎已经完全改变了我的生活。
①
②
Even if/Although/Though
It seems that the Internet has completely changed my life.
The Internet seems to have completely changed my life.
5．(句型转换)Why don't you just add some healthy foods to your meals instead of cutting out the junk foods you enjoy
→ ,why don't you just add some healthy foods to your meals
Rather than cutting out the junk foods you enjoy
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．strength n．[U]力量；体力；[C]长处；优势
　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①We ought to take more exercise and do more outdoor activities to ___________(strength) our bodies.
strengthen
②It's wise of us to spend some time reflecting on our everyday learning activities, which allows us to identify .
花一些时间反思我们的日常学习活动是明智的，这能让我们发现自己的优势和劣势。
③I have found great pleasure in playing basketball with my classmates, as ________________________________but also fire me up.
我发现和同学们一起打篮球很快乐，因为它不仅可以增强我的力量，还可以点燃我的激情。
our strengths and weaknesses
it not only can build up my strength
系统归纳 (1)build up one's strength/body 强身健体
strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点
with all one's strength 用尽全力
(2)strengthen v. 加强；增强；巩固
strengthen one's body 使身体强壮
2．stress n．压力；紧张；重音vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安
　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Feeling (stress) is normal at present, and that's the very source your energy comes from.
②Nowadays more and more middle school students are stress in their studies.
stressed
under
③Sometimes the high expectations from the teachers and parents _________ ____________because I don't want to let them down.
有时老师和家长的高期望让我筋疲力尽，因为我不想让他们失望。
④(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Mr Liu often______________________________ ____________,which has a great impact on me.
刘老师经常强调学好英语的重要性，这对我有很大的影响。
make me
stresses the importance of learning
stressed out
English well
系统归纳 (1)under stress　　 在压力之下
lay/put/place stress on 强调；把重点放在……上
(2)stress the importance of　 强调……的重要性
(3)stressful adj. 压力重的；紧张的
stressed adj. 焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的
stressed out 紧张的；有压力的；筋疲力尽的
微点提醒 常用于表达“筋疲力尽的”形容词(短语)还有：exhausted, tired out, worn out。
3．lose heart 丧失信心；泄气
　(完成句子)
①When I failed the exam last month and was in low spirits, she told me not to no matter what happened.
当我上个月考试不及格，情绪低落时，她告诉我不管发生什么事都不要丧失信心。
lose heart
②You'd better practice speaking Chinese every day for at least 15 minutes, and .
你最好每天至少练习说15分钟汉语，并背一些日常汉语。
③Congratulations to you again !
我再次衷心地祝贺你！
④Our parents are always responsible to raise us,_______________________ taking care of us.
我们的父母总是负责地抚养我们，一心照顾我们。
learn some everyday Chinese by heart
from the bottom of my heart
putting all their heart into
系统归纳 (1)put one's heart into　 　　 一心扑在……上
learn sth. by heart 背诵；记牢……
strike ... into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心
(2)heart and soul 全心全意地
from the bottom of sb.'s heart 从某人的心底
微点提醒 lose heart“丧失信心”，lose与heart之间不能加my, his, her等代词。
4．make a difference有作用或影响
　(单句语法填空/完成句子/同义替换)
①It will surely raise their life quality and make a difference the whole society.
②(2022·全国甲卷书面表达)First of all, do what we can to . For example, stop throwing garbage into oceans.
首先，尽我们所能来起点作用。例如，停止向海洋中扔垃圾。
to
make a difference
③Faced with all kinds of information on the Internet, sometimes we can't tell the true from the false. __________________________________________
系统归纳 (1)make a difference to 对……有作用/有影响
make some/no/little difference (to ...)
(对……)有些/没作用或影响
(2)tell the difference (between ... and ...) 辨别/区分(……与……)
tell the difference between the true and the false
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
1．附加疑问句的基本用法
　(填写下列句子的附加疑问句)
①Nothing will change his discussion,_______
②Everything has gone wrong today,_________
③This/that book belongs to you,_________
④We must drink more water to prevent illness,___________
will it
hasn't it
doesn't it
needn't we
2．附加疑问句的特殊用法
　(填写下列句子的附加疑问句)
①He dislikes music, __________
②Everyone worked hard for it, _____________
③One has a duty to serve the people, ____________________
④Tom must be in danger, _______
⑤It must have rained last night, ________
doesn't he
didn't they
doesn't one/don't you
isn't he
didn't it
⑥He must have studied English for many years, _________
⑦He said that the key was lost, ________
⑧I don't believe he cares about clothes, _______
⑨I like apples, but my mother likes bananas, __________
⑩I'm tired, ________________
hasn't he
didn't he
does he
doesn't she
am I not/aren't I
Don't open the window, ________
Let's go home together, ________
Let us go home, ________
There stands a big tree behind the house, ____________ ？
You had better turn to your teacher when in trouble, ___________________？
will you
shall we
will you
doesn't there
hadn't/shouldn't you
[谨记规则]
(1)当我们陈述了一个事实，而又不是很有把握，就可以在陈述句后加一个简短问句，称为附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。
(2)解答步骤：
①判断用肯定还是否定：前肯后否，前否后肯。
②找句子的动词：有be/情态动词/助动词(do/does/did/have/has/had)时，照用；只有实义动词时，借助助动词do/does/did。
③换代词：将主语换成相应的代词主格。
④特殊情况具体对待。　　
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．compete vi.竞争；对抗
常见考法 (1)compete in 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争
compete for 为……而竞争
compete with/against ... for 为争取……而与……对抗/竞争
常见考法 (2)competitor n．　 竞争者，对手；选手；参赛者
competition n. 竞争；比赛
in competition with 　　 与……竞争
(3)competitive adj. 竞争的；好胜的；有竞争力的
升维考法 “be in competition with”与“compete with”意思相同，前者侧重状态，后者侧重动作。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①(2021·浙江1月高考写作)In the pumpkin field, I compete my three brothers and sister to seek out the biggest pumpkin.
②I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, my__________ (compete)．
with
competitor
③Besides the (compete) games, some wonderful performances are put on as well, definitely the highlights in my eyes.
④(2021·全国甲卷)Take a view is a desirable annual (compete) for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyond.
competitive
competition
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空)
⑤ (compete) in cycling events is what I loved and enjoyed.
⑥Remember, at any given moment, you are competition with only one person — yourself.
Competing
in
2．pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮
常见考法
升维考法 (1)pretend强调明显地表露出是假的，表示假装正在做某事，不可直接跟 v．-ing形式，要用pretend to be doing结构。
(2)和pretend有类似用法(后接to do/to be doing/to have done) 的动词还有happen, appear, seem, claim等及be said to结构。
(3)pretend的分词短语作伴随状语是常考查点。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①He would ask who we were and pretend not (know) us.
②He pulled his hat down and .
他把帽子拉下来，假装没看见他的朋友。
③To avoid playing the saxophone, he could pretend that .
为了避免吹萨克斯，他可以假装发烧了。
to know
pretended not to see his friend
he had a fever
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
④So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to (read)．
⑤The following day, Emma ran up to me, trying to apologize, but I turned my head and pretended not to see her.
→The following day, Emma ran up to me, trying to apologize, but I turned my head, .(用分词短语作状语升级句子)
be reading
pretending not to see her
3．give up放弃；投降
常见考法 give in　　　　屈服；投降；让步；上交
give out 分配；分发；用光；筋疲力尽；发出(声音、信号等)
give off 放出；发出(光、热、气味等)
give away 泄露；赠送
升维考法 (1)give up指因行为或努力受挫或别的原因而主动放弃，可用作及物或不及物动词。give in指不再坚持自己的行为或观点等，而按别人的要求去做，即屈服，一般作不及物动词。
(2)give up后常接动名词，即动词的-ing形式；如果后接的是代词的宾格，应放在give与up之间。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①We will never give ,whatever they might do or say about our plan.
②If plastic and rubber are burnt, they'll give poisonous gases.
③Jane tried to keep up a calm appearance, but her trembling voice gave her .
④It's also a good idea for us to give booklets to advocate civilized behaviour.
in
off
away
out
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
⑤She decided to give up (think) and get on her way back home.
⑥Keep to your dream! ,you'll certainly be regretful in the future.
坚持你的梦想！如果你放弃了它，你将来一定会后悔的。
⑦I when my math teacher came to my assistance.
我正打算放弃，这时我的数学老师来帮我了。
thinking
If you give it up
was about to give up
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．Sb./Sth.seems/seemed ＋不定式
(1)“Sb./Sth.seems/seemed ＋不定式”是一个固定句型，表示“看起来……；好像……”，该句型可转化为It seems/seemed that ...句式。
[名师点津]　seem后可跟to do/to be doing/to have done，分别表示“看起来要做……/正在做……/已经做了……”。
(2)含seem的相关句型常用的还有：
It seems＋adj./n.＋to do sth. 做某事似乎……
It seems as if/as though ... 看起来好像……
There seems (to be) ... 似乎……
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①He seems to be born able to make his classes full of laughter all the time.
→ able to make his classes full of laughter all the time.
②It seems to make little difference whether you eat all your calorie allowance at once, or spread it over the day.
→ whether you eat all your calorie allowance at once, or spread it over the day.
It seems that he is born
There seems to be little difference
③Thinking that the food we take in could result in fewer wrinkles seems strange.
→ that the food we take in could result in fewer wrinkles.
It seems strange to think
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
④合理饮食，每天锻炼，得到足够的休息似乎很容易，但要养成这些习惯需要时间。
,but it takes time to make them a habit.
⑤我们常常似乎更像室友，而不是父亲和儿子。
It seems easy to eat right, exercise every day, and get enough rest
It often seems as if we were more like roommates rather than father and son.
2．even if 引导让步状语从句
(1)even if“尽管，即使”，用来引导让步状语从句，一般可用even though替换。
[名师点津]　even if引导的句子可用虚拟语气，与if相似；even though指的是既定的、大家公认的事实，与though或although的意思比较接近。
(2)even if/though所引导的从句常用一般现在时表示将来。当主从句主语相同时，也可采用省略结构。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①Even if they are lacking money, they managed to send their son to college.
→ ,they managed to send their son to college.(状语从句的省略结构)
②Online learning has become an important way to study recently, but it has obvious disadvantages.
→_______________________________________________________________
(用让步状语从句升级句子)
Even if lacking money
Even if/Even though online learning has become an important way to
study recently, it has obvious disadvantages.
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③我从没有停止追求我的目标，即使我经常遇到困难。
④即使住得很远，家人也会在中秋节团聚。(用状语从句的省略结构)
I never stop chasing my goal even if I often meet with difficulties.
Family members will get together during the Mid-Autumn Festival even if living very far away.
2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解D篇
As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner.
“Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken，” says Dr.Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That's what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.　
Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise — balance training and weight training — three times a week.The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.
“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30- or 35-year-old hearts，” says Levine. “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise.” But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn't change, he says.
“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven't already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility，” Levine says.“We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all.”
Dr.Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine's findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是锻炼对于心脏的好处。
1．What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band
A．The right way of exercising.
B．The causes of a heart attack.
C．The difficulty of keeping fit.
D．The aging process of the heart.
答案：D　
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的本·莱文博士说的话以及“That's what happens to the heart.”可知，莱文想通过提到橡皮筋来解释心脏的老化过程。
2．In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design
A．Diet plan.　 　 B．Professional background.
C．Exercise type. D．Previous physical condition.
答案：C　
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The first group ...days a week.”可知，第一组每周参加三次无氧运动——平衡训练和重量训练；第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多天的高强度有氧运动。由此可知，两组在研究设计上的不同在于运动类型的不同。
3．What does Levine's research find
A．Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.
B．High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young.
C．It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.
D．The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.
答案：A　
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“The second group ...in heart health.”和第四段莱文说的话可知，莱文的研究发现了通过有氧运动，中年人的心脏会变得更年轻。
4．What does Dr.Nieca Goldberg suggest
A．Making use of the findings.
B．Interviewing the study participants.
C．Conducting further research.
D．Clarifying the purpose of the study.
答案：C　
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But the study ...make the biggest difference.”可知，妮卡·戈德堡博士建议进行进一步的研究。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模(第4题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(熟词生义)As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. _____
②(一词多义)And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner._____
③(熟词生义)Dr.Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine's findings are a great start.______
变老
锻炼
开端
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①even if　　　　　　　　　 ___________
②show up ___________
③in one's 50s ___________________
④in the beginning _____
⑤get in shape ___________
即使；尽管
出现；露面
在某人50多岁的时候
起初
健身；塑形
⑥be divided into _______
⑦participate in ______
⑧three times a week _________
⑨under the guidance of _______________
⑩make the biggest difference　 _____________
被分成
参加
每周三次
在……的指导下
起最大的作用
三、寻结构破长句
1．As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be.
抓标志：从属连词 _____________
判类型：时间状语从句＋让步状语从句＋主句＋比较状语从句
试翻译： ，心脏处理氧气的效率 。
as; even if; as
随着我们变老，即使我们很健康
也不像以前那么高了
2．Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
抓标志：连接词 ;从属连词_______
判类型：主句＋宾语从句(含有一个让步状语从句；动名词短语作主语)
试翻译：莱文发现，幸运的是，对于那些中年人士来说， ，现在健身也可能有助于改善你老化的心脏。
that
even if
即使你不是一个热情的运动爱好者
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven't already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility，” Levine says.
赏析：用形容词sweet修饰spot来描述开始锻炼的最佳时机，增加了参与锻炼的吸引力；has flexibility加上副词still，客观说明了中年后期心脏的特点，生动描述了不可错过这一时机锻炼的紧迫性。
①Swimming can increase (flexible) of our body, and enhance balance and coordination.
②Proper food, regular exercise and a positive attitude can be beneficial to us during .
适当的食物、定期的锻炼和积极的态度可以在这个苦中带甜的一年里让我们受益匪浅。　　
flexibility
this bitter but sweet year
[对点练——单句语法填空/完成句子]
2.(赏结构之美)And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump a lot more blood during exercise.
赏析：本句使用了定语从句和表语从句。省略了why的定语从句准确指出了是哪一方面的原因，that引导的表语从句说明了原因的内容。句子结构严谨，语言精练，表意充分。
3．(赏修辞之美)“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30- or 35-year-old hearts，” says Levine.
赏析：“我们把这些50岁的心脏的时钟拨回到30或35岁的心脏。”Levine通过把心脏的年龄比作时钟，生动形象地说明了锻炼的效果，表意贴切，给人以深刻印象。
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（三）”
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