人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT复习课件(共96张PPT)
文档属性
| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT复习课件(共96张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 2.1MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-07-26 17:42:42 | ||
图片预览
内容文字预览
(共96张PPT)
选择性必修①
UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的
2．boil vt.& vi. (使)沸腾；煮开；烧开
n. 沸腾；沸点
3．liquid n. 液体
adj. 液体的；液态的
4．obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得；赢得
vi. (规章、习俗等)存在；流行
5．defeat n. 失败；挫败
vt. 击败；战胜
6．insist vi.& vt. 坚持；坚决要求
7．mostly adv. 主要地；一般地
8．flee vi.& vt. 迅速离开；逃跑
9．flow n. 流；流动；流畅；供应
vi. 流；流动
10．chart n. 图表
vt. 记录；制订计划
11．found vt. 创建；建立；把……建立在
12．infer vt. 推断；推定
13．theory n. 理论；学说
14．patent n. 专利；专利证书；获得专利
adj. 有专利的；受专利保护的
15．passion n. 酷爱；激情
16．professor n. 教授
17．mourn vt.&vi. 哀悼；忧伤
18．device n. 方法；技巧；装置；仪器
19．sum vi. 总结；概括
n. 金额；款项；总数；总和
20．draft n. 草稿；草案
vt. 起草；草拟
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．physiology n. 生理学；生理机能
2．artemisinin n. [药]青蒿素
3．malaria n. 疟疾
4．botanical adj. 植物学的
5．property n. 性质；特征；财产
6．extract n. 提取物；摘录
vt. 提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出
7．wormwood n. 蒿；洋艾
8．substance n. 物质；物品；事实根据
9．penicillin n. 青霉素；盘尼西林
10．circumstance n. 条件；环境；状况
11．politician n. 从政者；政治家；政客
12．numerous adj. 众多的；许多的
13．formula n. 公式；方程式；配方
14．genius n. 天才；天资；天赋
15．doctorate n. 博士学位
16．extraordinary adj. 不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的
17．photoelectric adj. 光电的
18．institution n. 社会公共机构；制度；习俗
19．institute n. (教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑
20．moustache n. 上唇的胡子；髭
21．peculiarity n. 个性；特点；怪异的性质
22．encounter vt. 偶然碰到；遇到
n. 邂逅；遭遇
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的→ adv.关键地；至关重
要地
2．commit vt.承诺；保证 vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→
_________ adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→ n．承诺；保证；投入；奉献
3．academy n．(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→ _________adj.学业的；学术的
crucially
committed
commitment
academic
4．object n．目标；物体；宾语vt.提出……作为反对的理由vi.反对；不赞成→ n．目标；目的adj.客观的→ n．反对；异议
5．evaluate vt.评价；评估→ n．评估；评价
6．distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→ n．区别；差别；特点
7．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→_________________ n．承认；感谢
objective
objection
evaluation
distinction
acknowledgement
8．analyse vt.分析→ n．分析；分析结果
9．apparent adj.明显的；显而易见的→ adv.显而易见；看来；显然
10．science n．科学→ adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→_________ n．科学家
11．conclude vt.推断出；结束，终止→ n. 结论；推论
analysis
apparently
scientific
scientist
conclusion
12．novel n．(长篇)小说→ n．小说家
13．relative adj.相对的 n．亲属→ adv.相对地→___________ n．相对论；相对性
14．gentle adj.温柔的；文静的→ adv.轻柔地；温柔地
15．gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→ adv.逐渐地；逐步地
novelist
relatively
relativity
gently
gradually
16．consequence n．结果；后果→ adj.随之发生的→ ____________adv.因此，所以
17．remark n．评论；言论 v．评论；说起；谈论→ adj.非凡的；显著的
consequent
consequently
remarkable
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.后缀-sion高频名词集锦
①passion 酷爱；激情
②admission 承认；允许进入
③impression 印象
④possession 拥有
⑤conclusion 结论
⑥confusion 困惑；混淆
⑦permission 允许；许可
2.-ian结尾人物集合
①politician 政治家
②magician 魔术师
③electrician 电工
④technician 技术员
⑤physician 内科医生
⑥musician 音乐家
⑦comedian 喜剧演员
3.以-ous结尾的形容词荟萃
①numerous 众多的；许多的
②nervous 焦虑的
③generous 慷慨的
④humorous 幽默的
⑤anxious 渴望的；焦虑的
⑥ambitious 有雄心的
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 通向；导致
2． 坚决要求
3．_____________________________________
承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
4． 确保
5． 对……做贡献
6． (开始)掌权；上台
lead to
insist on
commit oneself to (sth./doing sth./do sth.)
make sure
make contributions to
come to power
7． 担任；任职
8． 取得巨大的成就
9． 去世
10． 提出；拨快；提前
11． 特别；尤其
12． 总结；概括,
take up a position
make great achievements
pass away
put forward
in particular
sum up
[联想串记]
1.“动词＋on”的短语
insist on 坚决要求
depend on 依靠；依赖
feed on 以……为生
take on 承担
carry on 继续；进行
concentrate on 集中
pass on 传递；继续
2.“动词＋oneself to”的短语
commit oneself to (sth./doing sth./do sth.) 承诺；保证
devote oneself to 献身于……；致力于……
apply oneself to 致力于；集中精力于
addict oneself to 沉溺于
accustom oneself to 习惯于
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．be thought to do sth.
教材原句 Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分，据估计每年仅在非洲就挽救了10万人的性命。
推荐佳句 ①Last week, a group of foreign students came to our school and experienced Chinese tea culture, which is thought to be the symbol of Chinese culture.
上周，一群外国学生来到我们学校，体验了被认为是中国文化象征的中国茶文化。
②(新教材译林版选择性必修2佳句)The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped.
周日晚上的这场火灾被认为起于九楼，并迅速蔓延至整栋大楼，导致九楼以上的人被困。
续
表
2．upon/on doing ...
教材原句 Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said ...
当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：……
推荐佳句 ①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)On/Upon arriving there, we helped pick watermelons.
一到达那里，我们就帮助采摘西瓜。
②(新教材外研版选择性必修4佳句)On leaving high school, he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter.
高中毕业后，他进入堪萨斯当地的一家报社做实习记者。
3．独立主格结构
教材原句 He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E＝mc2.
他为世界作出了无数的贡献，最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E＝mc2。
推荐佳句 ①Ten students entered for the competition, the youngest a boy of 12.
十个学生报名参加了这次竞赛，年纪最小的是个12岁的男孩。
②(新教材译林版必修2佳句)There were hundreds of guests, all dressed up in formal, colourful clothes.
到场宾客数以百计，个个身着色彩艳丽的礼服。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
情感表达之“高兴”
Lucy nodded cheerfully. Madison put her arm around Lucy's shoulders, both smiling. With applause and laughter echoing through the house, Lucy joined the other girls to enjoy the party.
露西高兴地点了点头。麦迪逊用胳膊搂住露西的肩膀，两人都面带微笑。屋子里回荡着掌声和笑声，露西加入了其他女孩的行列，享受这个聚会。
[点评] 本段中使用了“cheerfully, smiling, laughter, enjoy”等词描写了人物的情感，表达了高兴的情绪。表示“高兴”的常用表达主要有：
(1)动词：delight, please, cheer, smile, laugh等；
(2)名词：happiness, delight, joy, pleasure, smile, laughter等；
(3)形容词：happy, glad, merry, joyful, delighted, delightful, pleased, pleasing, pleasant, cheerful等；
(4)短语：full of joy, wild with joy, to one's great joy等。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．(2022·全国乙卷)They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other (极其重要的) aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.
2．Only when our (理论) is combined with practice can the former become reliable knowledge.
vital
theory
3．His (热情) for his work and his courage in fighting his cancer were an inspiration to us all.
4．There is no possibility that he will be (击败) in the game.
5．The game between humans and their smart (仪器) is amusing and complex.
6．After years of preparation she finally makes this (不一般的) work.
passion
defeated
devices
extraordinary
7.If you don't insist on what you are doing, under no circumstances will you _______(获得) what you desire.
8．Thomas Edison once said, “ (天才) is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.”
9．It was by chance that I (遇到) my former classmate on the street the other day.
10．Though all his friends blamed him，he (坚持) that he had done nothing wrong.
obtain
Genius
encountered
insisted
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me.I said (gentle)and quietly, “No one can change your mind, except yourself.”
2． (apparent)，he managed to settle the difficult problem in a scientific way.
gently
Apparently
3．From these facts we can draw a (conclude)that we ought to adopt a more (science) approach to preserving the traditional customs.
4．With many wild animals (gradual) dying out, the present situation deserves attention.
5．We should develop students' ability (analysis) and solve problems.
conclusion
scientific
gradually
to analyze
6．While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on ____________(consequent) under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.
7．Within ten minutes, the group was back on land.The man they had saved was taken to the hospital for (evaluate)．
8．To me，it is not education that makes the person but the learning that the person does.There is a clear (distinct) between education and learning.
consequences
evaluation
distinction
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．To ,I wish you could live up to the expectations of our school.And I firmly believe hard work will pay off!
2．The party at the last election.
3．Therefore, I put the thought to the back of my mind, because I knew he would still holding onto his previous idea.
commit oneself to， insist on， come to power， take up a position， put forward， sum up
sum up
came to power
insist on
4．I would like to the suggestion that helping the old at the nursing home should be more meaningful.
5．He has carry his friend through the hardship.
6．He left a career in teaching to in the local government.
put forward
committed himself to
take up a position
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)二氧化碳被认为以以前担心的两倍的速度加热着地球。(be thought to)
Carbon dioxide the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.
2．(完成句子)他一到办公室，就开始制定工作方案。(upon/on)
,he set about working on the project.
is thought to be heating
On/Upon arriving at the office
3．(完成句子)人们普遍认为年轻人更具有创造力。(acknowledge)
the young people are more creative.
4．On the way back, I found I was left far behind my team.
→On the way back, I my team.(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
5．When the test was finished, our enjoyable summer holiday began.
→ ,our enjoyable summer holiday began.(独立主格结构)
It is widely acknowledged that
found myself left far behind
The test finished
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①As the saying goes, “Two heads are better than one.” As a result, teamwork is vital importance.
of
②Enough sleep is vital the students' physical and mental health.
③Besides, in China when you attend a dinner party.
此外，在中国，当你参加晚宴时，注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。
for/to
it's vital that you(should)mind your table manners
系统归纳 be vital for/to sth. 对……极为重要
be of vital importance to ... 对……至关重要
It is vital that sb.(should) do sth. 某人做某事是极重要的。
2．insist vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The new comer insisted on me (show) him how to operate the machine.
②When the teacher scolded him, he insisted that he (come) on time to school the other day.
showing
had come
③Though at an old age, the city for the fight against the COVID-19.
尽管高龄，但他坚持要求去那个城市抗击新冠病毒。
he insisted that he should go to
系统 归纳 insist on doing sth. 坚持做某事
insist that ...(should) do 坚决要求……做
微点 提醒 insist表示“坚决要求，坚决主张”时，从句的动作发生在谓语insist之后，要使用虚拟语气，表示“以后”要做之事，句型结构为insist that＋主语＋(should)＋do sth.；表示“坚持说，坚持认为”时，则采用陈述语气，即宾语从句中时态的选用要按照实际时态要求。类似常见词语：suggest“建议；暗示；表明”。
3．conclusion n．结论；推论
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①He concluded his speech a distinguished saying “Where there is a will，there is a way”．
②He concluded what they had said that they were not in favor of the plan.
with
from
③We can safely draw the (conclude) that more practice is crucial to our daily study.
④ ，it was your generous help and kindness that made my study and life in the UK special and enjoyable.
总之，正是你的慷慨帮助和体贴让我在英国的学习和生活既特别又快乐。
conclusion
In conclusion
系统归纳 (1)in conclusion 最后；总之
come to/reach/arrive at/draw a conclusion 得出结论
(2)conclude vt. 推断出；结束，终止
conclude ...with sth./by doing sth. 以……结束……
conclude from ... 从……中得出结论
微点提醒 表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有：in short，in brief，in a word，all in all，to sum up，briefly (speaking), on the whole等。
4．consequence n．结果；后果；重要性
[对比填空(as a consequence/as a consequence of)]
① global warming, natural disasters occur more frequently.
②Besides, some students have bad eyesight. ,they cannot see the blackboard clearly in class.
As a consequence of
As a consequence
系统归纳 as a consequence＝as a result＝in consequence因此；结果
as a consequence of＝as a result of＝in consequence of
由于……的缘故
微点提醒 (1)as a consequence在句中相当于副词，其前的句子通常为原因。
(2)as a consequence of在句中作介词，of后为原因，跟名词或动名词。
5．put forward提出；拨快；提前
(用put的相关短语填空)
①Our government has The Belt and Road Initiative, which encourages cooperation between China and other countries.
②Don't till tomorrow what should be done today.
put forward
put off
③A week before Earth Day, posters were around our school, calling upon us to join in the campaign.
④As a determined researcher, Mr Wang can all kinds of hardship.
put up
put up with
系统归纳 put aside 把……放在一边；储存；不考虑
put away 放好；收好；储存
put down 记下；放下；镇压
put off 推迟；延期
put out 熄灭；扑灭；出版；公布；生产
put up 举起；设立；提(价)；投宿；张贴
put up with 忍受；容忍
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
1．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
(完成句子)
①When you reached the village, you would first find____________________
.
当你到达那个村庄时，你首先会发现一所有木窗的房子。
②They enjoyed beautiful scenery in the mountain area, .
他们在这个山区欣赏到了美景，在那里他们也做了些爬山运动。
a house whose windows
where they also did some climbing
were made of wood
2．引导非限制性定语从句的关系词
(用恰当的关系词填空)
①(2022·全国甲卷)On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, _____lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.
②The man, you know, is an excellent basketball player.
who
as
③We have launched another man-made satellite, is announced in today's newspaper.
④In ancient China lived an artist, paintings were almost lifelike.
which
whose
3．as与which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别
[选词填空(as/which)]
①Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, is quite unexpected.
②There is no simple answer, is often the case in science.
which
as
[谨记规则]
(1)是否有“逗号”，是区分限制性和非限制性定语从句的根本标志。
(2)as与which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别
①as引导从句时只能指代整个主句的内容，可位于主句之前、之中或之后，译成“正如，正像”。
②which引导从句时既可指代整个主句的内容，也可指代主句的一部分；引导从句时不能置于主句之前；译成“这，那”。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．commit vt.承诺；保证vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
常见考法 (1)commit a crime 犯罪
commit oneself to (sth./doing sth./do sth.)
承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
commit to ... 忠于……；全心全意投入……
(2)commitment n. 承诺；保证；奉献；投入
committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的
升维考法 commit oneself to/devote oneself to“献身于，致力于”；该类短语中若无反身代词作宾语，常使用被动形式：be committed to /be devoted to；该类短语在使用非谓语动词形式时，常常使用过去分词短语。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①Both sides committed (them) to settle the dispute peacefully.
②Because she (commit) to doing medical research, she is thought highly of by the Chinese.
③She doesn't want to make an emotional (commit) to Jack at the moment.
themselves
is committed
commitment
?细练升维考法(句型转换)
④ ,she is thought highly of by Chinese people.(用非谓语动词短语作状语改写句②)
Committed to doing medical research
2．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢；认可；告知收到
常见考法 (1)acknowledge (doing) sth. 承认(做了)某事
acknowledge that ... 承认……
acknowledge ...to be/as ... 认为……是……
It is universally/widely acknowledged that ...……是大家所公认的
(2)acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢
升维考法 acknowledge ...to be/as ...与It is universally/widely acknowledged that ...之间的相互转换是需要掌握的一个重点。
?精练常见考法
(写出下列句中acknowledge的含义/单句语法填空)
①“Maybe you are right，” she acknowledged._______
②We wish to acknowledge the support of the university and the teachers.____
③All the applications will be acknowledged in a week._________
承认
感谢
告知收到
④He is widely acknowledged to be one of the best players in the world.____
⑤He acknowledged (donate) money to the flooded area from time to time.
⑥She is acknowledged an excellent player, who became the first woman to win the Free-ski Big Air Event at the Beijing Winter Games.
⑦I was sent a free copy in (acknowledge) of my contribution.
认可
donating
as
acknowledgement
?细练升维考法(句式升级)
⑧People acknowledge that the measures China has taken to fight the COVID-19 are efficient.
→ the measures China has taken to fight the COVID-19 are efficient.
→The measures China has taken to fight the COVID-19_________________ _____efficient.
It is acknowledged that
are acknowledged
to be
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．“on/upon＋名词/动名词”作状语
(1)upon prep.“在……后立即；一……就”，其后应接名词或动名词，不接句子，可与on互换。
(2)表示“一……就……”的常用词组还有：
①directly, instantly, immediately
②hardly ...when ..., no sooner ...than ...
③the moment/minute/second/instant
④as soon as
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①As soon as he arrived, he insisted on designing a new flat chart.
→ ,he insisted on designing a new flat chart.
②The instant he came to power, the new president was committed to improving educational system.
→ ,the new president was committed to improving educational system.
Upon/On his arrival
Upon/On coming to power
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③一听到这个消息，她就尽快地跑了出去。
④一看到这张聚会的照片，她就陷入了对过去的美好回忆中。
,she got lost in the old sweet memories.
On hearing this news, she ran out as fast as she could.
On/Upon seeing the get-together photo
2．独立主格结构
(1)独立主格结构是由逻辑主语加上逻辑谓语构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。
(2)独立主格结构的常用形式：
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①If weather permits, we will hold our yearly sports meeting next week.
→ ,we will hold our yearly sports meeting next week.
②Because the work had been done, we went home.
→ ,we went home.
Weather permitting
The work done
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③孩子们在房间里玩，我无法专心学习。
,I couldn't get down to studying.
④会议结束了，我们的校长很快就离开了会议室。
,our headmaster soon left the meeting room.
The children playing in the room
The meeting over
2018·浙江高考·阅读理解A篇
In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century — most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719 — but nobody wanted to do it professionally.The steam?powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy (识字) rate in England was under 50%.Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.” Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.
In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim — were held up as moral touchstones.Today Dickens' greatness is unchallenged.Removing him from the pantheon (名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.
How did Dickens get to the top？For all the feelings readers attach to stories，literature is a numbers game， and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.Some 60，000 novels were published during the Victorian age，from 1837 to 1901；today a casual reader might be able to name a half?dozen of them.It's partly true that Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.It's partly that his writings rode a wave of social， political and scientific progress.
But it's also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center.No one will ever know what mix of talent，ambition，energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches，it is possible — and important for our own culture — to understand how he made himself a lasting one.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国著名作家查尔斯·狄更斯及其作品是如何奠定他在英国文学中的地位的。
1．Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century
A．They were difficult to understand.
B．They were popular among the rich.
C．They were seen as nearly worthless.
D．They were written mostly by women.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，那时印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，很多作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的、有悖道德的或糟糕透顶的。
2．Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress .
A．his reputation in France
B．his interest in modern art
C．his success in publication
D．his importance in literature
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，把他从英国文学的名人堂移除就跟卢浮宫廉价出售《蒙娜丽莎》的感觉一样，可见狄更斯在英国文学史上的重要性。
3．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To remember a great writer.
B．To introduce an English novel.
C．To encourage studies on culture.
D．To promote values of the Victorian age.
答案：A
解析：写作意图题。根据文中对查尔斯·狄更斯及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的介绍，和文章最后一句可知，本文写于查尔斯·狄更斯诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念查尔斯·狄更斯这位伟大的作家。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模(第2题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy rate in England was under 50%. ； ；_____
②(熟词生义)Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad._______
驱动
印刷机
阶段
绝对地
③(一词多义)Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901；today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them._____
④(熟词生义)It's partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress._____
大约
浪潮
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①for the most part _____________
②look upon ...as ... _______________
③be held up as _________
④moral touchstones _____________
大多数情况下
将……看作……
被推举为
道德的试金石
⑤make sense _______________
⑥sell off __________
⑦get to the top ________
⑧put ...at the center ___________________
有意义；讲得通
甩卖；抛售
到达顶端
将……置于核心地位
三、寻结构破长句
In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim — were held up as moral touchstones.
抓标志：从属连词 ;并列连词(第三个) ；关系代词__________
when
and
who; whose
判类型：时间状语从句＋主句＋定语从句＋并列的定语从句
试翻译：1870年， ，世界为他哀悼，他是世界上第一个职业作家和出版商，著名且受人爱戴，他引领了小说的出版和读者的激增，他的小说中的人物——从奥利弗·崔斯特到小蒂姆——被奉为道德的试金石。
狄更斯去世时
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.
赏析： 连续使用四个名词(talent, ambition, energy, luck)准确描述了狄更斯的成就绝非偶然，而是才华、抱负、精力和运气在狄更斯身上的完美结合，使得狄更斯成为如此杰出的作家。
2．(赏修辞之美)Removing him from the pantheon of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.
赏析：该句使用了类比的修辞手法。把Removing him from the pantheon of English literature(把狄更斯从英国文学的名人堂除名)与the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa(卢浮宫廉价出售《蒙娜丽莎》)进行类比，更形象地加深读者的理解，引起读者丰富的想象和强烈共鸣——今天，狄更斯在英国文学中的伟大不可挑战、文学地位不可撼动。
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（一）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看
选择性必修①
UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的
2．boil vt.& vi. (使)沸腾；煮开；烧开
n. 沸腾；沸点
3．liquid n. 液体
adj. 液体的；液态的
4．obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得；赢得
vi. (规章、习俗等)存在；流行
5．defeat n. 失败；挫败
vt. 击败；战胜
6．insist vi.& vt. 坚持；坚决要求
7．mostly adv. 主要地；一般地
8．flee vi.& vt. 迅速离开；逃跑
9．flow n. 流；流动；流畅；供应
vi. 流；流动
10．chart n. 图表
vt. 记录；制订计划
11．found vt. 创建；建立；把……建立在
12．infer vt. 推断；推定
13．theory n. 理论；学说
14．patent n. 专利；专利证书；获得专利
adj. 有专利的；受专利保护的
15．passion n. 酷爱；激情
16．professor n. 教授
17．mourn vt.&vi. 哀悼；忧伤
18．device n. 方法；技巧；装置；仪器
19．sum vi. 总结；概括
n. 金额；款项；总数；总和
20．draft n. 草稿；草案
vt. 起草；草拟
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．physiology n. 生理学；生理机能
2．artemisinin n. [药]青蒿素
3．malaria n. 疟疾
4．botanical adj. 植物学的
5．property n. 性质；特征；财产
6．extract n. 提取物；摘录
vt. 提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出
7．wormwood n. 蒿；洋艾
8．substance n. 物质；物品；事实根据
9．penicillin n. 青霉素；盘尼西林
10．circumstance n. 条件；环境；状况
11．politician n. 从政者；政治家；政客
12．numerous adj. 众多的；许多的
13．formula n. 公式；方程式；配方
14．genius n. 天才；天资；天赋
15．doctorate n. 博士学位
16．extraordinary adj. 不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的
17．photoelectric adj. 光电的
18．institution n. 社会公共机构；制度；习俗
19．institute n. (教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑
20．moustache n. 上唇的胡子；髭
21．peculiarity n. 个性；特点；怪异的性质
22．encounter vt. 偶然碰到；遇到
n. 邂逅；遭遇
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的→ adv.关键地；至关重
要地
2．commit vt.承诺；保证 vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→
_________ adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→ n．承诺；保证；投入；奉献
3．academy n．(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→ _________adj.学业的；学术的
crucially
committed
commitment
academic
4．object n．目标；物体；宾语vt.提出……作为反对的理由vi.反对；不赞成→ n．目标；目的adj.客观的→ n．反对；异议
5．evaluate vt.评价；评估→ n．评估；评价
6．distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→ n．区别；差别；特点
7．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→_________________ n．承认；感谢
objective
objection
evaluation
distinction
acknowledgement
8．analyse vt.分析→ n．分析；分析结果
9．apparent adj.明显的；显而易见的→ adv.显而易见；看来；显然
10．science n．科学→ adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→_________ n．科学家
11．conclude vt.推断出；结束，终止→ n. 结论；推论
analysis
apparently
scientific
scientist
conclusion
12．novel n．(长篇)小说→ n．小说家
13．relative adj.相对的 n．亲属→ adv.相对地→___________ n．相对论；相对性
14．gentle adj.温柔的；文静的→ adv.轻柔地；温柔地
15．gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→ adv.逐渐地；逐步地
novelist
relatively
relativity
gently
gradually
16．consequence n．结果；后果→ adj.随之发生的→ ____________adv.因此，所以
17．remark n．评论；言论 v．评论；说起；谈论→ adj.非凡的；显著的
consequent
consequently
remarkable
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1.后缀-sion高频名词集锦
①passion 酷爱；激情
②admission 承认；允许进入
③impression 印象
④possession 拥有
⑤conclusion 结论
⑥confusion 困惑；混淆
⑦permission 允许；许可
2.-ian结尾人物集合
①politician 政治家
②magician 魔术师
③electrician 电工
④technician 技术员
⑤physician 内科医生
⑥musician 音乐家
⑦comedian 喜剧演员
3.以-ous结尾的形容词荟萃
①numerous 众多的；许多的
②nervous 焦虑的
③generous 慷慨的
④humorous 幽默的
⑤anxious 渴望的；焦虑的
⑥ambitious 有雄心的
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 通向；导致
2． 坚决要求
3．_____________________________________
承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
4． 确保
5． 对……做贡献
6． (开始)掌权；上台
lead to
insist on
commit oneself to (sth./doing sth./do sth.)
make sure
make contributions to
come to power
7． 担任；任职
8． 取得巨大的成就
9． 去世
10． 提出；拨快；提前
11． 特别；尤其
12． 总结；概括,
take up a position
make great achievements
pass away
put forward
in particular
sum up
[联想串记]
1.“动词＋on”的短语
insist on 坚决要求
depend on 依靠；依赖
feed on 以……为生
take on 承担
carry on 继续；进行
concentrate on 集中
pass on 传递；继续
2.“动词＋oneself to”的短语
commit oneself to (sth./doing sth./do sth.) 承诺；保证
devote oneself to 献身于……；致力于……
apply oneself to 致力于；集中精力于
addict oneself to 沉溺于
accustom oneself to 习惯于
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．be thought to do sth.
教材原句 Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分，据估计每年仅在非洲就挽救了10万人的性命。
推荐佳句 ①Last week, a group of foreign students came to our school and experienced Chinese tea culture, which is thought to be the symbol of Chinese culture.
上周，一群外国学生来到我们学校，体验了被认为是中国文化象征的中国茶文化。
②(新教材译林版选择性必修2佳句)The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped.
周日晚上的这场火灾被认为起于九楼，并迅速蔓延至整栋大楼，导致九楼以上的人被困。
续
表
2．upon/on doing ...
教材原句 Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said ...
当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：……
推荐佳句 ①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)On/Upon arriving there, we helped pick watermelons.
一到达那里，我们就帮助采摘西瓜。
②(新教材外研版选择性必修4佳句)On leaving high school, he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter.
高中毕业后，他进入堪萨斯当地的一家报社做实习记者。
3．独立主格结构
教材原句 He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E＝mc2.
他为世界作出了无数的贡献，最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E＝mc2。
推荐佳句 ①Ten students entered for the competition, the youngest a boy of 12.
十个学生报名参加了这次竞赛，年纪最小的是个12岁的男孩。
②(新教材译林版必修2佳句)There were hundreds of guests, all dressed up in formal, colourful clothes.
到场宾客数以百计，个个身着色彩艳丽的礼服。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
情感表达之“高兴”
Lucy nodded cheerfully. Madison put her arm around Lucy's shoulders, both smiling. With applause and laughter echoing through the house, Lucy joined the other girls to enjoy the party.
露西高兴地点了点头。麦迪逊用胳膊搂住露西的肩膀，两人都面带微笑。屋子里回荡着掌声和笑声，露西加入了其他女孩的行列，享受这个聚会。
[点评] 本段中使用了“cheerfully, smiling, laughter, enjoy”等词描写了人物的情感，表达了高兴的情绪。表示“高兴”的常用表达主要有：
(1)动词：delight, please, cheer, smile, laugh等；
(2)名词：happiness, delight, joy, pleasure, smile, laughter等；
(3)形容词：happy, glad, merry, joyful, delighted, delightful, pleased, pleasing, pleasant, cheerful等；
(4)短语：full of joy, wild with joy, to one's great joy等。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．(2022·全国乙卷)They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other (极其重要的) aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.
2．Only when our (理论) is combined with practice can the former become reliable knowledge.
vital
theory
3．His (热情) for his work and his courage in fighting his cancer were an inspiration to us all.
4．There is no possibility that he will be (击败) in the game.
5．The game between humans and their smart (仪器) is amusing and complex.
6．After years of preparation she finally makes this (不一般的) work.
passion
defeated
devices
extraordinary
7.If you don't insist on what you are doing, under no circumstances will you _______(获得) what you desire.
8．Thomas Edison once said, “ (天才) is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.”
9．It was by chance that I (遇到) my former classmate on the street the other day.
10．Though all his friends blamed him，he (坚持) that he had done nothing wrong.
obtain
Genius
encountered
insisted
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me.I said (gentle)and quietly, “No one can change your mind, except yourself.”
2． (apparent)，he managed to settle the difficult problem in a scientific way.
gently
Apparently
3．From these facts we can draw a (conclude)that we ought to adopt a more (science) approach to preserving the traditional customs.
4．With many wild animals (gradual) dying out, the present situation deserves attention.
5．We should develop students' ability (analysis) and solve problems.
conclusion
scientific
gradually
to analyze
6．While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on ____________(consequent) under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.
7．Within ten minutes, the group was back on land.The man they had saved was taken to the hospital for (evaluate)．
8．To me，it is not education that makes the person but the learning that the person does.There is a clear (distinct) between education and learning.
consequences
evaluation
distinction
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．To ,I wish you could live up to the expectations of our school.And I firmly believe hard work will pay off!
2．The party at the last election.
3．Therefore, I put the thought to the back of my mind, because I knew he would still holding onto his previous idea.
commit oneself to， insist on， come to power， take up a position， put forward， sum up
sum up
came to power
insist on
4．I would like to the suggestion that helping the old at the nursing home should be more meaningful.
5．He has carry his friend through the hardship.
6．He left a career in teaching to in the local government.
put forward
committed himself to
take up a position
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)二氧化碳被认为以以前担心的两倍的速度加热着地球。(be thought to)
Carbon dioxide the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.
2．(完成句子)他一到办公室，就开始制定工作方案。(upon/on)
,he set about working on the project.
is thought to be heating
On/Upon arriving at the office
3．(完成句子)人们普遍认为年轻人更具有创造力。(acknowledge)
the young people are more creative.
4．On the way back, I found I was left far behind my team.
→On the way back, I my team.(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
5．When the test was finished, our enjoyable summer holiday began.
→ ,our enjoyable summer holiday began.(独立主格结构)
It is widely acknowledged that
found myself left far behind
The test finished
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①As the saying goes, “Two heads are better than one.” As a result, teamwork is vital importance.
of
②Enough sleep is vital the students' physical and mental health.
③Besides, in China when you attend a dinner party.
此外，在中国，当你参加晚宴时，注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。
for/to
it's vital that you(should)mind your table manners
系统归纳 be vital for/to sth. 对……极为重要
be of vital importance to ... 对……至关重要
It is vital that sb.(should) do sth. 某人做某事是极重要的。
2．insist vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The new comer insisted on me (show) him how to operate the machine.
②When the teacher scolded him, he insisted that he (come) on time to school the other day.
showing
had come
③Though at an old age, the city for the fight against the COVID-19.
尽管高龄，但他坚持要求去那个城市抗击新冠病毒。
he insisted that he should go to
系统 归纳 insist on doing sth. 坚持做某事
insist that ...(should) do 坚决要求……做
微点 提醒 insist表示“坚决要求，坚决主张”时，从句的动作发生在谓语insist之后，要使用虚拟语气，表示“以后”要做之事，句型结构为insist that＋主语＋(should)＋do sth.；表示“坚持说，坚持认为”时，则采用陈述语气，即宾语从句中时态的选用要按照实际时态要求。类似常见词语：suggest“建议；暗示；表明”。
3．conclusion n．结论；推论
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①He concluded his speech a distinguished saying “Where there is a will，there is a way”．
②He concluded what they had said that they were not in favor of the plan.
with
from
③We can safely draw the (conclude) that more practice is crucial to our daily study.
④ ，it was your generous help and kindness that made my study and life in the UK special and enjoyable.
总之，正是你的慷慨帮助和体贴让我在英国的学习和生活既特别又快乐。
conclusion
In conclusion
系统归纳 (1)in conclusion 最后；总之
come to/reach/arrive at/draw a conclusion 得出结论
(2)conclude vt. 推断出；结束，终止
conclude ...with sth./by doing sth. 以……结束……
conclude from ... 从……中得出结论
微点提醒 表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有：in short，in brief，in a word，all in all，to sum up，briefly (speaking), on the whole等。
4．consequence n．结果；后果；重要性
[对比填空(as a consequence/as a consequence of)]
① global warming, natural disasters occur more frequently.
②Besides, some students have bad eyesight. ,they cannot see the blackboard clearly in class.
As a consequence of
As a consequence
系统归纳 as a consequence＝as a result＝in consequence因此；结果
as a consequence of＝as a result of＝in consequence of
由于……的缘故
微点提醒 (1)as a consequence在句中相当于副词，其前的句子通常为原因。
(2)as a consequence of在句中作介词，of后为原因，跟名词或动名词。
5．put forward提出；拨快；提前
(用put的相关短语填空)
①Our government has The Belt and Road Initiative, which encourages cooperation between China and other countries.
②Don't till tomorrow what should be done today.
put forward
put off
③A week before Earth Day, posters were around our school, calling upon us to join in the campaign.
④As a determined researcher, Mr Wang can all kinds of hardship.
put up
put up with
系统归纳 put aside 把……放在一边；储存；不考虑
put away 放好；收好；储存
put down 记下；放下；镇压
put off 推迟；延期
put out 熄灭；扑灭；出版；公布；生产
put up 举起；设立；提(价)；投宿；张贴
put up with 忍受；容忍
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
1．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
(完成句子)
①When you reached the village, you would first find____________________
.
当你到达那个村庄时，你首先会发现一所有木窗的房子。
②They enjoyed beautiful scenery in the mountain area, .
他们在这个山区欣赏到了美景，在那里他们也做了些爬山运动。
a house whose windows
where they also did some climbing
were made of wood
2．引导非限制性定语从句的关系词
(用恰当的关系词填空)
①(2022·全国甲卷)On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, _____lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.
②The man, you know, is an excellent basketball player.
who
as
③We have launched another man-made satellite, is announced in today's newspaper.
④In ancient China lived an artist, paintings were almost lifelike.
which
whose
3．as与which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别
[选词填空(as/which)]
①Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, is quite unexpected.
②There is no simple answer, is often the case in science.
which
as
[谨记规则]
(1)是否有“逗号”，是区分限制性和非限制性定语从句的根本标志。
(2)as与which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别
①as引导从句时只能指代整个主句的内容，可位于主句之前、之中或之后，译成“正如，正像”。
②which引导从句时既可指代整个主句的内容，也可指代主句的一部分；引导从句时不能置于主句之前；译成“这，那”。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．commit vt.承诺；保证vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
常见考法 (1)commit a crime 犯罪
commit oneself to (sth./doing sth./do sth.)
承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
commit to ... 忠于……；全心全意投入……
(2)commitment n. 承诺；保证；奉献；投入
committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的
升维考法 commit oneself to/devote oneself to“献身于，致力于”；该类短语中若无反身代词作宾语，常使用被动形式：be committed to /be devoted to；该类短语在使用非谓语动词形式时，常常使用过去分词短语。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①Both sides committed (them) to settle the dispute peacefully.
②Because she (commit) to doing medical research, she is thought highly of by the Chinese.
③She doesn't want to make an emotional (commit) to Jack at the moment.
themselves
is committed
commitment
?细练升维考法(句型转换)
④ ,she is thought highly of by Chinese people.(用非谓语动词短语作状语改写句②)
Committed to doing medical research
2．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢；认可；告知收到
常见考法 (1)acknowledge (doing) sth. 承认(做了)某事
acknowledge that ... 承认……
acknowledge ...to be/as ... 认为……是……
It is universally/widely acknowledged that ...……是大家所公认的
(2)acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢
升维考法 acknowledge ...to be/as ...与It is universally/widely acknowledged that ...之间的相互转换是需要掌握的一个重点。
?精练常见考法
(写出下列句中acknowledge的含义/单句语法填空)
①“Maybe you are right，” she acknowledged._______
②We wish to acknowledge the support of the university and the teachers.____
③All the applications will be acknowledged in a week._________
承认
感谢
告知收到
④He is widely acknowledged to be one of the best players in the world.____
⑤He acknowledged (donate) money to the flooded area from time to time.
⑥She is acknowledged an excellent player, who became the first woman to win the Free-ski Big Air Event at the Beijing Winter Games.
⑦I was sent a free copy in (acknowledge) of my contribution.
认可
donating
as
acknowledgement
?细练升维考法(句式升级)
⑧People acknowledge that the measures China has taken to fight the COVID-19 are efficient.
→ the measures China has taken to fight the COVID-19 are efficient.
→The measures China has taken to fight the COVID-19_________________ _____efficient.
It is acknowledged that
are acknowledged
to be
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．“on/upon＋名词/动名词”作状语
(1)upon prep.“在……后立即；一……就”，其后应接名词或动名词，不接句子，可与on互换。
(2)表示“一……就……”的常用词组还有：
①directly, instantly, immediately
②hardly ...when ..., no sooner ...than ...
③the moment/minute/second/instant
④as soon as
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①As soon as he arrived, he insisted on designing a new flat chart.
→ ,he insisted on designing a new flat chart.
②The instant he came to power, the new president was committed to improving educational system.
→ ,the new president was committed to improving educational system.
Upon/On his arrival
Upon/On coming to power
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③一听到这个消息，她就尽快地跑了出去。
④一看到这张聚会的照片，她就陷入了对过去的美好回忆中。
,she got lost in the old sweet memories.
On hearing this news, she ran out as fast as she could.
On/Upon seeing the get-together photo
2．独立主格结构
(1)独立主格结构是由逻辑主语加上逻辑谓语构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。
(2)独立主格结构的常用形式：
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①If weather permits, we will hold our yearly sports meeting next week.
→ ,we will hold our yearly sports meeting next week.
②Because the work had been done, we went home.
→ ,we went home.
Weather permitting
The work done
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③孩子们在房间里玩，我无法专心学习。
,I couldn't get down to studying.
④会议结束了，我们的校长很快就离开了会议室。
,our headmaster soon left the meeting room.
The children playing in the room
The meeting over
2018·浙江高考·阅读理解A篇
In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century — most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719 — but nobody wanted to do it professionally.The steam?powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy (识字) rate in England was under 50%.Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.” Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.
In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim — were held up as moral touchstones.Today Dickens' greatness is unchallenged.Removing him from the pantheon (名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.
How did Dickens get to the top？For all the feelings readers attach to stories，literature is a numbers game， and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.Some 60，000 novels were published during the Victorian age，from 1837 to 1901；today a casual reader might be able to name a half?dozen of them.It's partly true that Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.It's partly that his writings rode a wave of social， political and scientific progress.
But it's also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center.No one will ever know what mix of talent，ambition，energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches，it is possible — and important for our own culture — to understand how he made himself a lasting one.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国著名作家查尔斯·狄更斯及其作品是如何奠定他在英国文学中的地位的。
1．Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century
A．They were difficult to understand.
B．They were popular among the rich.
C．They were seen as nearly worthless.
D．They were written mostly by women.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，那时印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，很多作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的、有悖道德的或糟糕透顶的。
2．Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress .
A．his reputation in France
B．his interest in modern art
C．his success in publication
D．his importance in literature
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，把他从英国文学的名人堂移除就跟卢浮宫廉价出售《蒙娜丽莎》的感觉一样，可见狄更斯在英国文学史上的重要性。
3．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To remember a great writer.
B．To introduce an English novel.
C．To encourage studies on culture.
D．To promote values of the Victorian age.
答案：A
解析：写作意图题。根据文中对查尔斯·狄更斯及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的介绍，和文章最后一句可知，本文写于查尔斯·狄更斯诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念查尔斯·狄更斯这位伟大的作家。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模(第2题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy rate in England was under 50%. ； ；_____
②(熟词生义)Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad._______
驱动
印刷机
阶段
绝对地
③(一词多义)Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901；today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them._____
④(熟词生义)It's partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress._____
大约
浪潮
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①for the most part _____________
②look upon ...as ... _______________
③be held up as _________
④moral touchstones _____________
大多数情况下
将……看作……
被推举为
道德的试金石
⑤make sense _______________
⑥sell off __________
⑦get to the top ________
⑧put ...at the center ___________________
有意义；讲得通
甩卖；抛售
到达顶端
将……置于核心地位
三、寻结构破长句
In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim — were held up as moral touchstones.
抓标志：从属连词 ;并列连词(第三个) ；关系代词__________
when
and
who; whose
判类型：时间状语从句＋主句＋定语从句＋并列的定语从句
试翻译：1870年， ，世界为他哀悼，他是世界上第一个职业作家和出版商，著名且受人爱戴，他引领了小说的出版和读者的激增，他的小说中的人物——从奥利弗·崔斯特到小蒂姆——被奉为道德的试金石。
狄更斯去世时
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.
赏析： 连续使用四个名词(talent, ambition, energy, luck)准确描述了狄更斯的成就绝非偶然，而是才华、抱负、精力和运气在狄更斯身上的完美结合，使得狄更斯成为如此杰出的作家。
2．(赏修辞之美)Removing him from the pantheon of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.
赏析：该句使用了类比的修辞手法。把Removing him from the pantheon of English literature(把狄更斯从英国文学的名人堂除名)与the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa(卢浮宫廉价出售《蒙娜丽莎》)进行类比，更形象地加深读者的理解，引起读者丰富的想象和强烈共鸣——今天，狄更斯在英国文学中的伟大不可挑战、文学地位不可撼动。
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（一）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看