人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册UNIT 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION复习课件(共93张PPT)

(共93张PPT)
UNIT 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”　
1．graph n．　　　　　　 图；图表；曲线图
2．melt vi.& vt. (使)融化；熔化；软化
3．seal n. 海豹
4．carbon n. 碳
5．fossil n. 化石
6．fuel n. 燃料；刺激性言行
7．worldwide adv. 遍及全球地
　　　　 adj. 世界各地的；影响全世界的
8．trend n. 趋势；趋向；动向
9．policy n. 政策；方针；原则
10．seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制
11．basin n. 流域；盆地；盆
12．reform vi.&vt. 改革；(使)改正；改造
　　 　 n. 改革；变革；改良
13．undergo vt. 经历；经受(变化、不快等)
14．chaos n. 混乱；杂乱；紊乱
15．jungle n. (热带)丛林；密林
16．smog n. 烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)
17．restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复
18．dozen n. (一)打；十二个
19．fine vt. 对……处以罚款
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”　
1．ecology n. 生态；生态学
2．release vt.& n. 排放；释放；发布
3．dioxide n. 二氧化物
4．habitable adj. 适合居住的
5．comprehensive adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的
6．broadcast vt.& vi. 播送；广播；传播
n. 广播节目；电视节目
7．footprint n. 足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积
8．penguin n. 企鹅
9．implement vt. 使生效；贯彻；执行
10．moderate adj. 适度的；中等的；温和的
vi.& vt. 缓和；使适中
11．tropical adj. 热带的；来自热带的
12．nuclear adj. 原子能的；核能的；原子核的
13．volume n. 量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷
14．garbage n. 垃圾；废物
15．enterprise n. 公司；企业；事业
16．disposal n. 去掉；清除；处理
17．campaign n. 运动；战役
vi.& vt. 参加运动；领导运动
18．waterway n. 水道；航道
19．agenda n. 议程表；议事日程
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”　
1．emit v．散发；发出→ n．排放物；散发物；排放
2．starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死→ n．饥饿；挨饿；饿死
3．sustain vt.维持；遭受；承受住→ adj.持续的；持久的→__________adj.可持续的；合理利用的
emission
starvation
sustained
sustainable
4．frequent adj.经常的；频繁的→ adv.频繁地；经常→ _________n．频繁
5．restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚→ n．限制规定；限制法规；约束→ adj.受限制的；保密的→ adj.限制性的；约束的
6．harmony n．融洽；和谐；协调→ adj.和谐的
frequently
frequency
restriction
restricted
restrictive
harmonious
7．submit vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服→ n．提交；呈递；屈服→__________ adj.顺从的
8．annual adj.每年的；一年的n.年刊；年鉴→ adv.每年；一年一次地
9．sense n．感觉；理解力→ adj.明智的；合理的→ adj.无意义的；失去知觉的→ adj.敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的
submission
submissive
annually
sensible
senseless
sensitive
10．origin n．起源；开端→ vi.& vt.起源；发源；创立→________adj.原先的；最早的 n．原件；原作
11．conserve vt.保护→ n．(对环境、文物等)保护；保持→___________ adj.保守的→ adv.保守地
12．regulate vt.调整；校准；管理→ n．章程；规章制度→_______ adj.定期的；有规律的
originate
original
conservation
conservative
conservatively
regulation
regular
13．inspect vt.检查；视察→ n．检查；查看；视察→ ________ n．检查员；视察员
14．tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许→ n．容忍；宽容→_________ adj.可容忍的→ adj.容忍的；宽容的
inspection
inspector
tolerance
tolerable
tolerant
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”　
1.牢牢记住“名词＋-ious”形容词
①harmonious 和谐的　 ②thunderous 雷鸣般的
③cautious 谨慎的 ④ambitious 有雄心的
⑤mysterious 神秘的
2.紧紧“抓住”这些词
①seize v．　　　　　　　　 抓住；夺取
②grab v. 抓住；攫取
③grasp v. 抓住；抓牢
④grip v. 紧握；紧抓
⑤capture v. 夺取；攻取
⑥catch hold of 抓住；握住
3.好好学习各“学科”
①ecology　　　　　　　　　 生态学
②biology 生物学
③economics 经济学
④politics 政治学
⑤geography 地理学
⑥physics 物理学
⑦chemistry 化学
⑧mathematics 数学
4.多多积累后缀“-ation”名词
①expectation 预料；预期　 ②conservation 保护
③declaration 宣布 ④starvation 饥饿
⑤exploration 检测；探险 ⑥combination 结合
二、背词块—丰富表达
1． 　　　 对……有影响
2． 考；涉及；指的是
3． 被困于
4． 导致
5． 采取行动
6． 寻找
have an impact on
refer to
be trapped in
lead to
take action
in search of
7． 导致；造成
8． 灭绝；消亡
9． 代表(代替)某人
10． 导致；促进
11． 最终；结果
12． 许多；很多
bring about
die out
on behalf of
contribute to
end up
dozens of
[联想串记]
1.“对……有影响”的相关短语
have an impact on
have an influence on
have an effect on
2.“ in＋n.＋of ”的相关短语
in search of　　　　　 寻找
in memory of 为了纪念……
in place of 代替；取代
in charge of 负责；掌管
in favour of 赞同；支持
in terms of ... 就……而言
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说　
1．There is little doubt that ...“毫无疑问……”
教材原句 There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.
毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖。
推荐佳句 ①(2021·全国乙卷书面表达)There is little doubt that we benefit a lot from the Internet.
毫无疑问，我们从互联网中受益良多。
②(新教材外研版选择性必修2佳句)There is no doubt that humankind is drawn towards Mars, with dreams of making it our second home.
毫无疑问，人类被火星所吸引，梦想着把它作为我们的第二家园。
续表
2．现在分词短语作后置定语
教材原句 It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.
我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育每个人了解全球变暖，包括其成因和影响，因为这是影响这个星球上我们所有人的最严重的问题。
推荐佳句 ①The matter being discussed is of great importance.
正在被讨论的事情很重要。
②(新教材译林版必修1佳句)I still have photos of myself acting in William Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream.
我还留着自己参演莎士比亚《仲夏夜之梦》时的剧照。
续表
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊　
情感表达之“困惑”
Much to my surprise, Evelyn added that she thought it was cool when I talked to my parents with my hands. I breathed a sigh of relief. “Do you really think so？” I asked cautiously, still in doubt. Evelyn nodded with a serious look on her face. “It's like a secret code. Would you teach me some sign languages, please？” Staring at her with confusion, I hesitated.
令我非常惊讶的是，伊芙琳补充说，她觉得我用手和父母说话很酷。我松了一口气。“你真的这么认为吗？”我小心翼翼地问，心里仍然疑惑。伊芙琳严肃地点点头。“这就像一个密码。你能教我一些手语吗？”我困惑地盯着她，犹豫了一下。
[点评]　本段中使用了一般疑问句，以及in doubt, with confusion等表达描写了作者的困惑心情。常用的描写人物困惑的词汇有：puzzled，confused, at a loss等。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．(2021·浙江1月高考写作)Moments later, my head was finally________ (释放) from this horrible pumpkin cage.
2．Here are five ways to (维持) long-distance friendships.
3．(2021·浙江6月高考)In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organizations have begun coming up with plans to counter this_____ (趋势)．
released
sustain
trend
4．(2021·浙江6月高考)For postcrossing to work (遍及全球地), a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other.
5．The concert was (播送) live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time.
6．Tom was (控制) by a strong sense of relief，tears streaming down his cheeks.
worldwide
broadcast
seized
7．The (改革) is popular with the mass of teachers and parents.
8．Today the police launched a (运动) to reduce road accidents.
reform
campaign
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He used tree leaves to stay warm and wild fruits to keep him from dying of (starve)．
2．Try to buy wood that you know has come from a (sustain) source.
3．Nana and I created a blog and (frequent) updated about the community's efforts.
starvation
sustainable
frequently
4．It was announced that these new speed (restrict) would be introduced.
5．(2021·天津高考)Henry David Thoreau was happy to withdraw from social life, seeking a (harmony) relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.
6．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)There are three books I reread (annual)．The first, which I take to reading every spring, is Ernest Hemingway's A Moveable Feast.
restrictions
harmonious
annually
7．Some of us are sensitive smells, others find colours easier to remember.
8．My father's life work was devoted to the (conserve) of cultural relics.
9．Engineers carried out a thorough (inspect) of the track.
10．They need to be (tolerate) of different points of view.
to
conservation
inspection
tolerant
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．We must if we want to avoid further losses.
2．Many species will soon if we don't take action.
3． the Students' Union, I wish to extend our warmest welcome to you.
have an impact on， refer to， be trapped in， take action， die out， on behalf of， dozensof， end up
take action
die out
On behalf of
4．Society begins to the developing child.
5．When writing papers, we have to a lot of references concerned.
6．About 50,000 people the town, which has been blockaded for more than 40 days.
7．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)But I working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation.
8． doctors and nurses have been working day and night for weeks.
have an impact on
refer to
are trapped in
ended up
Dozens of
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)毫无疑问，如果你每天都练习的话，一定能讲流利的英语。(there is no doubt that)
if you practice every day.
There is no doubt that you can speak fluent English
2．(一句多译)(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)话题广泛的Youth吸引了许多学生，并带领我们进入外部世界。
①Youth attracted many students and led us into the outer world.(现在分词短语作定语)
②Youth attracted many students and led us into the outer world.(定语从句)
covering a wide variety of topics
which covers a wide variety of topics
3．(一句多译)在同学们的欢呼声中，他第一个到达终点。
① ,he became the first to get to the finishing line. (with复合结构)
② ,he became the first to get to the finishing line. (独立主格结构)
4．A fire broke out, and it caused severe economic loss in that place.
→A fire broke out, . (现在分词短语作结果状语)
With his classmates cheering for him
His classmates cheering for him
causing severe economic loss in that place
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚
　(单句语法填空/同义替换)
①We restrict the number of students per class 10.
②The tournament is (restrict) to players under the age of 23.
to
restricted
③The government has agreed to lift (restrict) on press freedom.
④There is no limit to the number of volunteers who can apply.
→ the number of volunteers who can apply.(restriction)
restrictions
There is no restriction on
系统归纳 (1)restrict sth.to sth.　 限制某物在某范围
(2)restriction n. 限制规定(法规)；约束
without restriction 无限制地
(3)restricted adj. 受限制的；有限的
2.submit vt.&vi.提交；呈递；屈服
　(单句语法填空)
①(2021·天津高考)Submit your application www.lancasterdesign.org.
②The plan will (submit) to the committee for official approval.
③It is necessary to fix a definite date for the (submit) of your paper.
④ As students, we must submit (we) to the disciplines at school.
to
be submitted
submission
ourselves
系统归纳 (1)submit oneself to　 服从于；屈从于
submit ... to ... 向……提交……
(2)submission n. 提交的文件；屈服；服从
3．die out灭绝；逐渐消亡
　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Many species have died as a consequence of man's activities.
②They are dying some nutritious food to refuel their little bodies.
③There was a time when many young people were dying (go) to this city to look for a job.
④After what seemed like a century, the storm finally .
似乎过了一个世纪，风暴终于平息了。
out
for
to go
died down
系统归纳 (1)die away　 　 　 　(声音、光线等)逐渐消失
die of/from 死于……
die down 减弱；逐渐平息
die off 相继死去
(2)dying adj. 渴望的；临终的
be dying for 渴望
be dying to do sth. 极想做某事
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
直接引语和间接引语
(将下列句子变为间接引语)
①He said, “I am proud of my motherland.”
→He said that .
②The organiser said, “We have begun our plan.”
→The organiser .
he was proud of his motherland
said that they had begun their plan
③My teacher said to us yesterday, “Early birds catch worms.”
→My teacher told us yesterday .
④Tom said, “I wrote back telling him about it yesterday.”
→Tom said that he back telling him about it .
⑤He said, “I was cooking when the earthquake happened.”
→He said when the earthquake happened.
⑥He said, “Are you interested in English？”
→He asked (me) .
that early birds catch worms
had written
the day before
(that) he was cooking
if/whether I was interested in English
[谨记规则]
(1)基本概念
①直接引语：直接引述别人的原话，把它放在引号内。
②间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。
[名师点津]　直接引语变为间接引语时，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语等一般均要做相应的变化。
(2)时态变化
如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化。直接引语变间接引语时：
一般现在时→一般过去时；一般将来时→过去将来时
现在进行时→过去进行时；现在完成时→过去完成时
一般过去时→过去完成时
[名师点津]　直接引语变间接引语，时态无变化的情况：直接引语是客观真理、谚语和格言。
(3)人称变化
记忆口诀：一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新。
一随主：直接引语中第一人称变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。
二随宾：直接引语中第二人称变为和间接宾语(即听话人)相一致的人称。
第三人称不更新：直接引语中第三人称变为间接宾语时，人称不变。
(4)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化
直接引语 间接引语
指示代词 this that
these those
时间状语 now then
today, tonight that day, that night
this week/ month ... that week/month ...
yesterday the day before
ten days/ weeks ... ago ten days/weeks ... before
tomorrow/next year ... the next day/year ...
地点状语 Here there
方向性 动词 come go
bring take
续表
(5)语序变化
①直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。
②一般疑问句：由连词whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主句谓语动词常用ask, wonder, want to know等。
③选择疑问句：由whether ... or引导的宾语从句。
④附加疑问句：由连词whether或if引导的宾语从句。
⑤特殊疑问句：由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。
⑥表示请求、劝告、建议等意义的疑问句变为间接引语：
suggest＋doing或ask/advise＋宾语＋动词不定式。
⑦祈使句→动词＋宾语＋不定式。常见引述动词有tell, order, ask, warn。如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．starve vi.饿死；挨饿；饿得要死；渴望；极需要vt.使饿死；使挨饿
常见考法 (1)starve to death　　 饿死
starve to do sth. 渴望做某事
starve for sth. 渴望得到某物
(2)starvation n. 饥饿；挨饿；饿死
升维考法 注意starve的用法中，后跟动词和名词时的不同搭配，这在表达“渴望”时的写作中要注意区分并正确使用。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①(2021年1月新高考8省联考卷写作)I was starving death after all that exhausting work so I took the Mexico-originated food, grateful and deeply moved.
②The UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide (starve)．
③I am inexperienced in this field, so I starve your help in such condition.
to
starvation
for
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
　在众多渴望成功的人中，有些人成功了，而另一些人不幸失败了。
④Among a vast of people who ,some people succeeded while others failed unfortunately.(starve for)
⑤Among a vast of people who ,some people succeeded while others failed unfortunately.(starve to)
starved for success
starved to succeed
2．sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的
常见考法 (1)be sensitive to　　 对……敏感
(2)sensible adj. 明智的；意识到的
be sensible of 意识到……；认识到……
(3)sense n. 感觉；见识；意义；理智
vt. 感觉到
make sense 讲得通；有道理
make sense of 理解；弄懂
in a sense 在某种意义上
in no sense 决不
升维考法 in no sense意为“绝不”，置于句首时句子需要倒装。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①(2021· 北京高考)We're now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers, which are sensitive local and global environmental changes.
②His speech helped me make better sense the poem.
③ a sense, students today respond badly to traditional methods of teaching.
to
of
In
?细练升维考法(句式升级)
④We will in no sense give way to any pressure.
→ give way to any pressure.(倒装句)
In no sense will we
3．tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许
常见考法 (1)tolerate (doing) sth.　　　 容忍(做)某事
can't tolerate (doing) sth. 无法忍受(做)某事
(2)tolerance n. 容忍；宽容
show tolerance towards sb. 容忍某人
(3)tolerant adj. 容忍的；宽容的
be tolerant of　　　 对……宽容；容忍……
升维考法 表示“容忍”的表达还有：stand (sb.)doing sth./bear (sb.)doing/to do sth.忍受/容忍(某人)做某事；put up with 忍受，容忍等。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset (tolerate) are much more likely to get angry.
②As the number of English learners is on the rise, we should be__________ (tolerate) of different words in our language.
tolerance
tolerant
③The boy couldn't tolerate other people's (make) noise in the room, so he went out.
?细练升维考法(词汇升级)
④When he went to the remote village, he found the new surroundings hard to bear. __________________
making
tolerate/put up with
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
There is little doubt that ...“ 毫无疑问 ……”
(1)doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中用whether(不可用if)引导同位语从句；在否定句中用that引导同位语从句。
(2)动词doubt在肯定句中，后多跟if/whether引导的宾语从句；在否定/疑问句中后跟that引导的宾语从句。
?通过题点训练明确规则用法(完成句子)
① computers are widely used by workers in business and technology.
毫无疑问，电脑被商业、科技工作者广泛地应用。
②We have some doubt .
我们怀疑他们是否能准时完成任务。
There is little no doubt that
whether they can complete the task on time
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③毫无疑问，你在这儿能度过美好的时光。
④我不确定他是否会参加我的生日聚会。
There is little no doubt that you can have a good time here.
I doubt whether he will come to my birthday party.
2021·全国乙卷·阅读理解C篇
You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse，” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源) of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that's part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018，Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic，” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped (倾倒) from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.　 　
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了艺术家Von Wong把塑料废品制作成引人深思的雕塑，从而引发公众对流入海洋中的塑料垃圾的关注。
1．What are Von Wong's artworks intended for
A．Beautifying the city he lives in.
B．Introducing eco-friendly products.
C．Drawing public attention to plastic waste.
D．Reducing garbage on the beach.
答案：C　
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，艺术家Von Wong把塑料废品制作成巨型雕塑，迫使观看者重新审视他们与一次性塑料制品的关系，从而引发公众对塑料垃圾的关注。
2．Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3
A．To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B．To explain why they are useful.
C．To voice his views on modern art.
D．To find a substitute for them.
答案：A　
解析：写作意图题。第三段第一句点明全球塑料垃圾的可回收利用率很小。第二句和最后一句也分别提到“they cannot be recycled”和“the straw will take centuries to disappear”，意在说明塑料吸管很难回收利用。
3．What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers
A．Calming.　　　　 B．Disturbing.
C．Refreshing. D．Challenging.
答案：B　
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第二句可知，Von Wong和志愿者把一万多件塑料制品捆绑在一起，看起来像是从卡车上同时倾倒出一样，冲击感强烈，令人感到不安。disturbing“引起烦恼的，令人不安的”。
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Artists' Opinions on Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Contemporary Art
C．Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies
D．Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures
答案：D　
解析：标题归纳题。本文第一段介绍了艺术家Von Wong把塑料废品制作成引人深思的雕塑，从而引发公众对海洋塑料垃圾的关注，下文介绍了他的作品及其付出的努力。因此，“海洋塑料垃圾变身成雕塑”是最佳标题。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
写作意图题的思维建模(第2题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic，” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic ... ______
②(熟词生义)To voice his views on modern art. _____
③(一词多义)Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint. ______________________
加标题
表达
对……施加压力；迫使
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①make a difference　　　　　 _______________
②force sb. to do sth. _______________
③make one's first appearance ________
④by no means _______________
有影响；起作用
迫使某人做某事
首次亮相
决不，一点也不
⑤come under fire _____________
⑥a truckload's worth of ________________
⑦tie ...together _______________
⑧all at once ___________
受到严厉批评
一卡车(量)的……
把……绑在一起
一起，同时
三、寻结构破长句
1．Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.
抓标志：并列连词 ；从属连词_______
but; and
because
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋复合句(含有一个原因状语从句；because of＋n.作状语)
试翻译：塑料吸管绝不是塑料污染的最大来源， ，而且由于它们体积小、重量轻，无法被回收。
但最近它们受到了抨击，因为大多数人不需要用它们来喝东西
2．Every straw that's part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes.
抓标志：关系代词_________
判类型：主句(含有一个定语从句)＋定语从句
试翻译：Von Wong作品中的每一根吸管都可能仅在人们喝饮料时 。
that; that
被使用了几分钟
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.
赏析：句子运用短语by no means客观说明了在塑料污染方面塑料吸管并非最大来源；用短语come under fire(受到严厉批评；遭到攻击)说明了虽然如此，塑料吸管因为其自身无法回收的特点而受到批评。与单词相比，短语的作用在于能有效增强表达气势，读起来节奏分明，铿锵有力。
[对点练——完成句子]
①It is easy to satisfy everyone.
要满足每一个人绝非易事。
②Plastic carrier bag is now for its environmental costs.
塑料购物袋现在因其环境成本而受到抨击。　
by no means
coming under fire
2.(赏意境之美)At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse，” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash.
赏析：句中用frozen mid-crash说明了这件作品(塑料制成的海浪)呈现出在互相冲击的过程被冻结的状态。精练的语言具有很强的画面感。情景交融，意在引发公众对流入海洋中的塑料垃圾的关注。
3．(赏修辞之美)But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does.
赏析：本句采用了设问的修辞手法。用问句的形式突出了所说的内容，引起注意，启发读者思考。设问用在了第一段的中间，除引起思考外，还有承上启下的过渡作用。
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（三）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
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