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UNIT 1 主题训练 个人、家庭、社区及学校生活
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2023·石家庄二模)My Ph.D.adviser informed me I had failed my qualifying exam on my third attempt, which meant dismissal from the program.How was it possible that one exam — one hour of my life — could define me as unfit to be a scientist
I wasn't sure what to expect when I started my Ph.D.program.I struggled with my classes during my first year, spending countless hours studying in the library.I ended that year with increased confidence.But soon my confidence went when I made my first attempt at the qualifying exam.I had switched research projects 5 months earlier, after my first adviser left the university, so I wasn't so confident going into the exam.Besides, I had never taken an oral exam before, so the experience was terrifying.
Once it was over, my committee told me I'd conditionally passed, which meant I had to take more time to study and prepare to talk about the topic further.I was shaken but still hopeful.But when I retook the exam, I failed again.That's when I was told I'd have one more chance.
For the next 5 months, I asked my committee chairs for guidance and practiced answering oral questions.I even stopped doing lab work to focus on my exam preparations.I was all in.
When the exam was over, I left the room feeling a mix of fear and relief.But those feelings changed to disappointment the next day after I learned I'd failed.I speak Spanish at home, but I have difficulty translating even the simplest scientific concepts into Spanish.This hampered my ability to comfortably speak the expected “language of science.”
My adviser requested to reinstate (恢复) me to the Ph.D.program, and I'm now back to working on my doctorate.I still have a little voice in the back of my head that I'm not good enough.But I try to stop it by surrounding myself with professors who support me and by staying focused on developing into the great scientist I know I can be.I am much more than that one-hour exam.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在攻读博士学位时，尽管经历很多次失败，但仍不气馁，始终都意志坚定地坚持自己成为科学家的梦想。
1．How did the author feel by the end of the first year
A．Confident. B．Terrified.
C．Worn out. D．At a loss.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I ended that year with increased confidence.”可知，在第一年年底时，作者感觉到特别有信心。故选A。
2．Why did the author switch her research project
A．She found it too hard for her.
B．Her adviser dismissed her from it.
C．She failed the qualifying exam.
D．Her adviser no longer worked there.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I had switched research projects 5 months earlier, after my first adviser left the university”可知，她的导师已不再在那里工作了，所以她改变了研究项目。故选D。
3．What affected her performance in the third exam
A．Lack of preparation.
B．Decreased confidence.
C．Insufficient language skills.
D．Too much time on lab work.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第五段中“I speak Spanish at home, but ... hampered my ability to comfortably speak the expected ‘language of science.’”可知，是因为她的语言技能不足影响了她在第三次考试中的表现。故选C。
4．Which word best describes the author
A．Intelligent. B．Sensitive.
C．Energetic. D．Determined.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But I try to stop it ... I know I can be.”可知，作者讲述了自己在攻读博士学位时，尽管经历很多次失败，但仍不气馁，始终在坚持自己成为科学家的梦想，由此可以推断出作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。
B
Food miles are the total distance food travels before being sold. Our food tends to be less tasty and less healthy after traveling long distances. What's more, the farther food travels, the more it contributes to emitting greenhouse gases. Cape Eleuthera Island School in the Bahamas shows us a delicious way to cut food miles.
Food on campus travels just steps from the gardens to the plates. The school uses an aquaponic system on campus for growing vegetables, which are served in its dining hall. Under this system, the plants get their nutrition from recycled fish waste, while fish swim around in big tanks of water and dirty water gets pumped to the vegetable. Fish waste feeds the plants and the plants purify the water, returning clean H2O to the tank. The aquaponic system uses much less water than traditional farming and is less dependent on good weather.
Students from around the world spend a semester learning hands-on experiences here. Digging in the dirt, doing fieldwork on the farm, students are taught at the aquaponic garden to harvest the lettuce and put it in buckets ready for delivery. No trucks or cars needed for transport. It's only a bicycle ride or a short walk along the bridge made from recycled rubber and plastics to the dining hall kitchen. All the fruits, vegetables grown, and fish harvested on campus stay on campus.
The students will leave the Island School as confident teens to lead an eco-aware life at home. “When I returned home, I threw myself into sustainability-related projects.” says Anna, a spring student. Anna and her friends use cloth napkins and reusable straws. “We usually walk and bike，” she adds. “When the weather is terrible, we carpool (拼车)．”
Students at the Island School are helping to change the planet by living what they've learned and reducing their food miles, one meal at a time.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述Cape Eleuthera Island School为减少食物运输里程，在校园中种植蔬菜、养鱼，并且把劳动所得用于自己的食堂中，此举还影响了学生，让他们更加注重环保和养成可持续性习惯。
5．Why does Cape Eleuthera Island School grow its own food
A．To reduce food miles.
B．To grow more tasty food.
C．To feed the students on campus.
D．To teach students hand-on skills.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，Cape Eleuthera Island School种植自己的食物是为了减少食物里程。
6．Why does the aquaponic system need fish
A．They provide food for the plants.
B．They can be sold in the market.
C．They clean water for the plants.
D．They are used to decorate the big tanks.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Under this system ... returning clean H2O to the tank.”可知，复合养殖系统需要鱼，因为它们为植物提供食物。
7．Which of the following helps cut food miles at Cape Eleuthera Island School
A．Using the water-saving aquaponic system.
B．Building bridges from recycled rubber.
C．Serving campus-grown vegetables in its dining hall.
D．Teaching students to work at the aquaponic garden.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段前两句和第三段最后两句可知，为学校食堂供应校园种植的蔬菜有助于减少食物里程。
8．What effect did attending Cape Eleuthera Island School have on Anna
A．It showed her how poorly she was eating before.
B．It caused her to change her habits to be more sustainable.
C．It showed her how to make connections with her friends.
D．It taught her to set up an aquaponic system back home.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推断，Cape Eleuthera Island School让Anna改变了生活习惯，变得更可持续性。
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One hot summer day, a young couple and their four-year-old daughter, Rosemerry, were on their way to the mountains for a few weeks' vacation. On the way, they had a car accident and were injured seriously. They were immediately taken to the nearest hospital, where Rosemerry was brought to the children's ward and her parents were taken to the intensive care unit. As can be imagined, Rosemerry was not only in great pain, but she was also very frightened because her parents were not nearby to give her comfort.
Martha, the nurse who attended to Rosemerry, was a single, older woman. She understood Rosemerry' fear and insecurity and became very devoted to her. When Martha finished her job, instead of going home, she would volunteer to stay with Rosemerry at night. Of course. Rosemerry grew very fond of her and depended on her for her every need.
After many months in hospital, the family finally recovered and were ready to go home. Before they left the hospital, the parents thanked Martha for her devoted and loving care and invited her to visit them.
Rosemerry would not let go of Martha, and insisted that she come to live with them. Martha also did not want to be parted from her little Rosemerry, but her life was in the children's ward of the hospital and she couldn't think of leaving. There was a tearful parting as Rosemerry and the loving nurse said good-bye to each other. For a few months the family kept up a close relationship with Martha — through phone calls only, since they lived quite a distance from her. When they moved abroad, however, they lost contact with each other.
Over thirty years passed. One winter, Martha, who was now in her seventies, became seriously ill and stayed in a hospital near her home. There was a certain nurse on duty who noticed that Martha had very few visitors. She tried her best to give the elderly lady special care, and she saw that she was a sensitive clever person.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
One night the nurse was sitting near her elderly patient and they were chatting quietly.
Paragraph 2：
As the nurse's story unfolded, tears flowed from the elderly patient's eyes.
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
One night the nurse was sitting near her elderly patient and they were chatting quietly. The nurse told her the accident thirty years ago. A wonderful nurse had brought her back to health with her caring devotion. As she grew older, she determined to become a nurse and help those in need — just as that nurse had done for her.
Paragraph 2：
As the nurse's story unfolded, tears flowed from the elderly patient's eyes. Realizing this nurse was surely her little Rosemerry, Martha said softly, “Rosemerry, we are together again, but this time you are my nurse！” Rosemerry's eyes opened wide as she stared at Martha, suddenly recognizing her. “Is it really you？” she cried out, “How many times I prayed that someday we would meet again！”
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①canteen □ ②access □
③contest □ ④develop □
⑤determine □ ⑥educate □
⑦effect □ ⑧equipment □
⑨excellent □ ⑩motivate □
favourite □ improve □
magazine □ praise □
prepare □ progress □
proud □ require □
schedule □ scholarship □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
excellent， canteen， contest， motivate， progress， praise， magazine， favourite， scholarship， schedule
1．In spite of the mess I made, I was_praised,_which made me proud.
2．The event included an English speech contest and an English play show.
3．There was a time when I often stayed up late to watch my favourite films.
4．This will make you feel good about your little successes and motivate you to keep up with the good work.
5．I'm glad to say we have made great progress in English reading and listening, but we still have a long way to go.
6．She wants to go to college, but as a girl born poor, the only way is to get a scholarship.
7．After seeing the excellent performances of athletes in the Beijing Winter Olympic Games, Chinese teenagers set off an upsurge of learning skiing.
8．You'd better take some home-cooking for lunch or buy some fresh food from the school canteen.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Traditional festivals are a source of national pride (proud) and help shape our national identity.
2．Smoking can increase the risk of developing (develop) heart disease.
3．It is widely recognized that thought decides behavior; nothing will be hard for a determined (determine) and persistent person.
4．I think Tomb-Sweeping Day is one of the most traditional festivals in China with educational (education) meanings.
5．It would be a good idea if you read English newspapers and magazines (magazine)．
6．I wonder if my plan can meet your requirements (require) and expectations.
7．My English has_improved (improve) a lot over the past months because of my hard work.
8．Children in poor areas will benefit from those used books because it's difficult for them to have access to such extra-curricular books.
9．One effective (effect) method recommended is to transform the way of travelling around.
10．As scheduled (schedule), it will be held in Room 316 of the Teaching Building from 4：00 pm to 5：00 pm.6 / 6
UNIT 1 主题训练 个人、家庭、社区及学校生活
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2023·石家庄二模)My Ph.D.adviser informed me I had failed my qualifying exam on my third attempt, which meant dismissal from the program.How was it possible that one exam — one hour of my life — could define me as unfit to be a scientist
I wasn't sure what to expect when I started my Ph.D.program.I struggled with my classes during my first year, spending countless hours studying in the library.I ended that year with increased confidence.But soon my confidence went when I made my first attempt at the qualifying exam.I had switched research projects 5 months earlier, after my first adviser left the university, so I wasn't so confident going into the exam.Besides, I had never taken an oral exam before, so the experience was terrifying.
Once it was over, my committee told me I'd conditionally passed, which meant I had to take more time to study and prepare to talk about the topic further.I was shaken but still hopeful.But when I retook the exam, I failed again.That's when I was told I'd have one more chance.
For the next 5 months, I asked my committee chairs for guidance and practiced answering oral questions.I even stopped doing lab work to focus on my exam preparations.I was all in.
When the exam was over, I left the room feeling a mix of fear and relief.But those feelings changed to disappointment the next day after I learned I'd failed.I speak Spanish at home, but I have difficulty translating even the simplest scientific concepts into Spanish.This hampered my ability to comfortably speak the expected “language of science.”
My adviser requested to reinstate (恢复) me to the Ph.D.program, and I'm now back to working on my doctorate.I still have a little voice in the back of my head that I'm not good enough.But I try to stop it by surrounding myself with professors who support me and by staying focused on developing into the great scientist I know I can be.I am much more than that one-hour exam.
1．How did the author feel by the end of the first year
A．Confident. B．Terrified.
C．Worn out. D．At a loss.
2．Why did the author switch her research project
A．She found it too hard for her.
B．Her adviser dismissed her from it.
C．She failed the qualifying exam.
D．Her adviser no longer worked there.
3．What affected her performance in the third exam
A．Lack of preparation.
B．Decreased confidence.
C．Insufficient language skills.
D．Too much time on lab work.
4．Which word best describes the author
A．Intelligent. B．Sensitive.
C．Energetic. D．Determined.
B
Food miles are the total distance food travels before being sold. Our food tends to be less tasty and less healthy after traveling long distances. What's more, the farther food travels, the more it contributes to emitting greenhouse gases. Cape Eleuthera Island School in the Bahamas shows us a delicious way to cut food miles.
Food on campus travels just steps from the gardens to the plates. The school uses an aquaponic system on campus for growing vegetables, which are served in its dining hall. Under this system, the plants get their nutrition from recycled fish waste, while fish swim around in big tanks of water and dirty water gets pumped to the vegetable. Fish waste feeds the plants and the plants purify the water, returning clean H2O to the tank. The aquaponic system uses much less water than traditional farming and is less dependent on good weather.
Students from around the world spend a semester learning hands-on experiences here. Digging in the dirt, doing fieldwork on the farm, students are taught at the aquaponic garden to harvest the lettuce and put it in buckets ready for delivery. No trucks or cars needed for transport. It's only a bicycle ride or a short walk along the bridge made from recycled rubber and plastics to the dining hall kitchen. All the fruits, vegetables grown, and fish harvested on campus stay on campus.
The students will leave the Island School as confident teens to lead an eco-aware life at home. “When I returned home, I threw myself into sustainability-related projects.” says Anna, a spring student. Anna and her friends use cloth napkins and reusable straws. “We usually walk and bike，” she adds. “When the weather is terrible, we carpool (拼车)．”
Students at the Island School are helping to change the planet by living what they've learned and reducing their food miles, one meal at a time.
5．Why does Cape Eleuthera Island School grow its own food
A．To reduce food miles.
B．To grow more tasty food.
C．To feed the students on campus.
D．To teach students hand-on skills.
6．Why does the aquaponic system need fish
A．They provide food for the plants.
B．They can be sold in the market.
C．They clean water for the plants.
D．They are used to decorate the big tanks.
7．Which of the following helps cut food miles at Cape Eleuthera Island School
A．Using the water-saving aquaponic system.
B．Building bridges from recycled rubber.
C．Serving campus-grown vegetables in its dining hall.
D．Teaching students to work at the aquaponic garden.
8．What effect did attending Cape Eleuthera Island School have on Anna
A．It showed her how poorly she was eating before.
B．It caused her to change her habits to be more sustainable.
C．It showed her how to make connections with her friends.
D．It taught her to set up an aquaponic system back home.
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One hot summer day, a young couple and their four-year-old daughter, Rosemerry, were on their way to the mountains for a few weeks' vacation. On the way, they had a car accident and were injured seriously. They were immediately taken to the nearest hospital, where Rosemerry was brought to the children's ward and her parents were taken to the intensive care unit. As can be imagined, Rosemerry was not only in great pain, but she was also very frightened because her parents were not nearby to give her comfort.
Martha, the nurse who attended to Rosemerry, was a single, older woman. She understood Rosemerry' fear and insecurity and became very devoted to her. When Martha finished her job, instead of going home, she would volunteer to stay with Rosemerry at night. Of course. Rosemerry grew very fond of her and depended on her for her every need.
After many months in hospital, the family finally recovered and were ready to go home. Before they left the hospital, the parents thanked Martha for her devoted and loving care and invited her to visit them.
Rosemerry would not let go of Martha, and insisted that she come to live with them. Martha also did not want to be parted from her little Rosemerry, but her life was in the children's ward of the hospital and she couldn't think of leaving. There was a tearful parting as Rosemerry and the loving nurse said good-bye to each other. For a few months the family kept up a close relationship with Martha — through phone calls only, since they lived quite a distance from her. When they moved abroad, however, they lost contact with each other.
Over thirty years passed. One winter, Martha, who was now in her seventies, became seriously ill and stayed in a hospital near her home. There was a certain nurse on duty who noticed that Martha had very few visitors. She tried her best to give the elderly lady special care, and she saw that she was a sensitive clever person.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
One night the nurse was sitting near her elderly patient and they were chatting quietly.
Paragraph 2：
As the nurse's story unfolded, tears flowed from the elderly patient's eyes.
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①canteen □ ②access □
③contest □ ④develop □
⑤determine □ ⑥educate □
⑦effect □ ⑧equipment □
⑨excellent □ ⑩motivate □
favourite □ improve □
magazine □ praise □
prepare □ progress □
proud □ require □
schedule □ scholarship □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
excellent， canteen， contest， motivate， progress， praise， magazine， favourite， scholarship， schedule
1．In spite of the mess I made, I ______________which made me proud.
2．The event included an English speech ______ and an English play show.
3．There was a time when I often stayed up late to watch my ______ films.
4．This will make you feel good about your little successes and ______ you to keep up with the good work.
5．I'm glad to say we have made great ______ in English reading and listening, but we still have a long way to go.
6．She wants to go to college, but as a girl born poor, the only way is to get a ______.
7．After seeing the ______ performances of athletes in the Beijing Winter Olympic Games, Chinese teenagers set off an upsurge of learning skiing.
8．You'd better take some home-cooking for lunch or buy some fresh food from the school ______.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Traditional festivals are a source of national ______ (proud) and help shape our national identity.
2．Smoking can increase the risk of ______ (develop) heart disease.
3．It is widely recognized that thought decides behavior; nothing will be hard for a ______ (determine) and persistent person.
4．I think Tomb-Sweeping Day is one of the most traditional festivals in China with ______ (education) meanings.
5．It would be a good idea if you read English newspapers and ______ (magazine)．
6．I wonder if my plan can meet your ______ (require) and expectations.
7．My English _____________ (improve) a lot over the past months because of my hard work.
8．Children in poor areas will benefit from those used books because it's difficult for them to have access ______ such extra-curricular books.
9．One ______ (effect) method recommended is to transform the way of travelling around.
10．As ______ (schedule), it will be held in Room 316 of the Teaching Building from 4：00 pm to 5：00 pm.
