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UNIT 3 主题训练 体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·九江三模)You've probably heard that you need to move more throughout the day, and as a general rule of thumb, “more” is often defined as around 10,000 steps.Many people use the 10,000-step rule as their marker for healthy living.As more people track their steps by fitness-tracking wearables or their iPhones, more of them do that.
But while sitting less is a great idea, the step rule isn't as black and white as one number.
Dr. Greg Hager, professor at Johns Hopkins, decided to take a closer look at whether the step rule is accurate, and he found asking everyone to shoot for 10,000 steps each day could be harmful to the elderly, or the level of exercise could make it unwise for those with medical conditions.He also noted that those with shorter legs have an easier time hitting the 10,000-step goal because they have to take more steps than longer-legged people to cover the distance.
How many steps can help keep healthy and promote longevity (长寿) on earth
Researchers found that women taking 4,400 steps per day were about 40% less likely to die during a follow-up period of just over four years, compared to those who took 2,700 steps.Women in the study who walked more than 7,500 steps each day got no extra in longevity.The bottom line is that 10,000 steps may be too many for some and too few for others.Some of that has to do with age but nothing to do with health and longevity.The study included nearly 17,000 women with an average age of 72.
The point of these studies isn't to say we should abandon step goals and fitness trackers altogether.The key is finding the step goal that matches your individual health according to your doctor or fitness instructor, and then using your fitness tracker and other proper methods to help achieve those goals.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一项对于人们每天步行数的研究。研究表明，人们所认为的健康生活标志“一万步法则”是不恰当的。
1．What do people usually take as their standard of healthy living
A．The 10,000-step rule.
B．The fitness-tracking wearables.
C．The level of exercise.
D．The point of these studies.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Many people use the 10,000-step rule as their marker for healthy living.”可知，通常人们将10 000步法则作为健康生活的标准。故选A。
2．Which best describes Dr. Greg Hager's attitude towards the step rule
A．Optimistic. B．Negative.
C．Skeptical. D．Favorable.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Dr. Greg Hager, professor at Johns Hopkins, decided to take a closer look at whether the step rule is accurate”可知，Greg Hager教授决定研究10 000步法则的准确性。由此可推知，他对这个法则是持怀疑态度的。故选C。
3．What did the researchers find
A．Following 10,000 steps each day could be harmful to the elderly.
B．Taking steps may not be directly related to people's longevity.
C．Walking during the day is closely linked to the death of the elderly.
D．Older women with an average age of 72 in the study lived longer.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Women in the study who walked more than 7,500 steps each day got no extra in longevity.”以及“Some of that has to do with age but nothing to do with health and longevity.”可知，研究中，步行超过7 500步的女性没有额外的寿命，且后文也提及一些与健康和长寿无关。由此可推知，研究人员发现，步行多少可能与人们的长寿没有直接关系。故选B。
4．What might the passage say next
A．The approaches to these goals.
B．The step goals with abandon.
C．The health for individuals.
D．The secret of longevity.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The key is finding the step ... achieve those goals.”可知，该内容提及了找到适合个人健康的步数目标，并使用追踪器和其他适当方法实现这些目标，由此可推知，后文应讲述除了追踪器之外的其他的实现步数目标的适当方法。故选A。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2023·长春模拟预测)With the weather warming up, the desire to kick-start a new fitness routine is very real.But after months locked indoors, you may feel as though you're lack of exercise.__5__ Working out with your partner can be a great way to boost inspiration.Here are our top tips for an exercise routine that's built to last.
Pick something you both love.
If you love Pilates but your partner is all about lifting heavy weights, working out together might seem like an impossible task.While you can both stick to the activities you love, __6__ Pick an activity you both love, or work towards a fitness goal together, like completing a fun run or half marathon.
__7__
Getting sweaty doesn't sound like the most comfortable of activities, but there are things you can do to make it as enjoyable as possible.Invest in active wear that not only feels good but looks good, too.Dressing in workout gear that you're excited about can make the difference on days when motivation might be lacking.
__8__ It is ideal for wearing during sport or heavy-duty outdoor activities.It's sweat resistant, with a dry-touch formula, while still offering UVA and UVB coverage.
Be supportive and have fun.
Trying a new outdoor fitness route, or running in front of strangers along the sand, can be a little discouraging, even if you're doing it with the one you love, __9__ Motivate each other to get out of bed on days and remind each other that you're not working out just for looks.Getting your body moving has long-term benefits that far outweigh what can be seen from the outside.
And remember to have fun: trying something new is tricky but finding something you both love and enjoy means you'll have a healthy habit for life.
A．Feel good with fitness preparation.
B．Dress comfortably and properly to feel good.
C．So how do you get motivated to get active once more
D．choose some exercises that require very little equipment.
E．so remind your partner that you're in it together and stay supportive.
F．make time to start something new together or work towards a common goal.
G．Sunscreen, too, is a must-have when choosing to exercise together on the beach.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是帮助让你的日常锻炼能持续下去的一些建议。
5．选C 空格前提到你感到你缺乏锻炼了，下文提到和你的伙伴一起锻炼是激发灵感的好方法，可知空格处会提问怎么才能激发锻炼的灵感或积极性，C选项“那么，怎样才能再次激发你的积极性呢？”提出了怎么才能再次激发锻炼的积极性这一个问题，和下文内容呼应，承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
6．选F 空格后提到选择一项你们都喜欢的活动，或者一起朝着健身的目标努力，比如有趣的跑步或半程马拉松，可知空格处会提到你和你的伙伴可以有共同的目标，F选项“找时间一起开始一些新的事情，或者朝着一个共同的目标努力。”承上启下，符合语境，其中的“common goal”和后面的“work towards a fitness goal together”形成语义的复现，故选F。
7．选B 空格处是小标题，由空格下方的内容可知，本段主要讲的是要穿合适的、舒服的运动服来让自己感觉良好，B选项“穿着舒适得体，以感觉良好。”概括了“穿着舒适”这个主题，因此B选项可作为小标题，故选B。
8．选G 由空格后内容及常识可知，能防UVA和UVB的是防晒霜，即sunscreen，因此G选项“当你选择一起在海滩上锻炼时，防晒霜也是必不可少的。”和下文内容相呼应，故选G。
9．选E 空格后提到要支持你的伙伴，结合本段小标题“给予支持，并享受其中乐趣。”可知E选项“所以提醒你的伙伴，你们在一起，并保持支持。”和小标题相符，也和空格后内容相呼应，故选E。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2023·滨州二模)Marialaura Bonaccio is an expert who studies the impact of a Mediterranean diet on human body.“It's the combination of basic foods in a Mediterrancan diet __1__ seems to keep physically healthy.” she says.
Bonaccio notes that a very important difference in the Mediterranean diet lies in the use of red wine.While in other parts of the world alcohol __2__ (consume) outside of meals, in a Mediterranean diet red wine is taken together with food.When wine is accompanied by food, it's absorbed into the bloodstream __3__ (gradual)．This safeguards the liver by holding it in the stomach __4__ (long), and as a result, the body enjoys the benefits of wine without any negative impact on the liver.
Seasonal foods with olive oil instead of other forms of fat, __5__ is typical of a Mediterranean diet, is another reason for the diet's protective impact on aging.Olive oil has proven __6__ (lower) the amount of bad cholesterol (胆固醇), which has __7__ positive impact on the body.
In the end, a Mediterranean diet is part of the factors __8__ (contribute) to our physical health, but it takes __9__ (commit) to make them happen.Still, eat well and enjoy yourself every day in life, __10__ you will get a worthwhile reward.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究地中海饮食对人体影响的专家Marialaura Bonaccio称基本食物和地中海饮食的结合，似乎能保持身体健康。本文主要介绍这种结合带给身体的好处。
1．that 考查强调句型。本句使用了强调句型。强调句型的结构：It is/was＋被强调部分(主语、宾语、状语)＋that＋其他，本句中被强调部分为句子主语“the combination of basic foods in a Mediterrancan diet”，故填that。
2．is consumed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中为谓语，结合下文“in a Mediterranean diet red wine is taken together with food”可知，此处的时态为一般现在时；句子主语alcohol为单数，与动词consume为动宾关系，所以要用被动语态。故填is consumed。
3．gradually 考查副词。设空处在句中作状语，修饰动词absorb，要用副词。故填gradually。
4．longer 考查比较级。根据前文“it's absorbed into the bloodstream________ (gradual)”可知，逐渐让其被血液吸收，表明这样可以使得它在胃里停留的时间更长，所以此处要用比较级。故填longer。
5．which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文整个句子，并在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。
6．to lower 考查非谓语动词。短语：prove to do sth.“证明做某事”，结合句中提示，所以此处用不定式，故填to lower。
7．a 考查冠词。have an impact on“对……有影响”为固定短语。名词impact前用形容词positive“积极的”修饰，且positive的读音以辅音开头，所以此处用不定冠词a。故填a。
8．contributing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处及之后内容至逗号前为后置定语，修饰名词factors，动词contribute与名词factors为主谓关系，所以此处用现在分词。故填contributing。
9．commitment 考查名词。take commitment to do sth.“承诺做某事”为固定短语，故填commitment。
10．and 考查连词。本句属于“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句式，用and表示顺承的结果，or表示相反含义，结合本句意义，享受每一天，就会有奖励，表示顺承的结果，故填and。
Ⅳ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你想约你的留学生好友Mike早上一起跑步，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．写信目的； 2.跑步的好处； 3.期待回复。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Dear Mike，
To build up our bodies, I'm writing to ask whether you can run with me in the morning.
Running is a common form of exercise, which is accessible for most people.Regular running benefits us a lot.Not only can it build up our bodies, but it makes us full of joy.While running, we're able to appreciate the beautiful scenery we are passing by, which is good for our spirit.More importantly, we may encounter other like-minded people through running, making us more sociable.
If you'd like to run together, please let me know as soon as possible.
Yours，
Li Hua
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①judge □ ②cyclist □
③athlete □ ④competitor □
⑤harmful □ ⑥mental □
⑦emergency □ ⑧recovery □
⑨healthy □ ⑩poisonous □
balance □ sugary □
weakness □ digest □
limit □ benefit □
volunteer □ regular □
responsibility □ professional □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
poisonous， sugary， emergency， digest， limit， volunteer， responsibility， athlete，judge， cyclist
1．If you chew your food properly, it is easier to digest.
2．Some snakes are poisonous,_and this causes people's death.
3．The government has declared a state of emergency following the earthquake.
4．Taxing high-fat and sugary junk food is an effective way to fight obesity.
5．In the competition, most of the athletes showed a high level of competition and motivation.
6．A good cyclist can cover a distance of over a hundred miles a day.
7．We need to take responsibility for looking after our own health.
8．The volunteers kept a record of everything they ate for a week in the diet research.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Judging (judge) by his pale face, he might not feel himself.
2．Keep healthy by eating well and exercising regularly (regular)．
3．Fruit juices can be harmful (harm) to children's teeth.
4．Good nutrition is essential if patients are to make a quick recovery (recover)．
5．It makes sense to eat a reasonably balanced (balance) diet when slimming.
6．Tom, one of the oldest competitors (competitor), won the individual silver medal.
7．Embracing nature is very beneficial (benefit) for us to develop body and mind.
8．People can eat more healthily (healthy) without making major changes to their diet.
9．As we all know, lacking sleep is bad for their health both physically and mentally (mental)．
10．The activity aims to help us students spot our weaknesses (weak) and improve ourselves so that we can have a fulfilling and healthy life.6 / 7
UNIT 3 主题训练 体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·九江三模)You've probably heard that you need to move more throughout the day, and as a general rule of thumb, “more” is often defined as around 10,000 steps.Many people use the 10,000-step rule as their marker for healthy living.As more people track their steps by fitness-tracking wearables or their iPhones, more of them do that.
But while sitting less is a great idea, the step rule isn't as black and white as one number.
Dr. Greg Hager, professor at Johns Hopkins, decided to take a closer look at whether the step rule is accurate, and he found asking everyone to shoot for 10,000 steps each day could be harmful to the elderly, or the level of exercise could make it unwise for those with medical conditions.He also noted that those with shorter legs have an easier time hitting the 10,000-step goal because they have to take more steps than longer-legged people to cover the distance.
How many steps can help keep healthy and promote longevity (长寿) on earth
Researchers found that women taking 4,400 steps per day were about 40% less likely to die during a follow-up period of just over four years, compared to those who took 2,700 steps.Women in the study who walked more than 7,500 steps each day got no extra in longevity.The bottom line is that 10,000 steps may be too many for some and too few for others.Some of that has to do with age but nothing to do with health and longevity.The study included nearly 17,000 women with an average age of 72.
The point of these studies isn't to say we should abandon step goals and fitness trackers altogether.The key is finding the step goal that matches your individual health according to your doctor or fitness instructor, and then using your fitness tracker and other proper methods to help achieve those goals.
1．What do people usually take as their standard of healthy living
A．The 10,000-step rule.
B．The fitness-tracking wearables.
C．The level of exercise.
D．The point of these studies.
2．Which best describes Dr. Greg Hager's attitude towards the step rule
A．Optimistic. B．Negative.
C．Skeptical. D．Favorable.
3．What did the researchers find
A．Following 10,000 steps each day could be harmful to the elderly.
B．Taking steps may not be directly related to people's longevity.
C．Walking during the day is closely linked to the death of the elderly.
D．Older women with an average age of 72 in the study lived longer.
4．What might the passage say next
A．The approaches to these goals.
B．The step goals with abandon.
C．The health for individuals.
D．The secret of longevity.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2023·长春模拟预测)With the weather warming up, the desire to kick-start a new fitness routine is very real.But after months locked indoors, you may feel as though you're lack of exercise.__5__ Working out with your partner can be a great way to boost inspiration.Here are our top tips for an exercise routine that's built to last.
Pick something you both love.
If you love Pilates but your partner is all about lifting heavy weights, working out together might seem like an impossible task.While you can both stick to the activities you love, __6__ Pick an activity you both love, or work towards a fitness goal together, like completing a fun run or half marathon.
__7__
Getting sweaty doesn't sound like the most comfortable of activities, but there are things you can do to make it as enjoyable as possible.Invest in active wear that not only feels good but looks good, too.Dressing in workout gear that you're excited about can make the difference on days when motivation might be lacking.
__8__ It is ideal for wearing during sport or heavy-duty outdoor activities.It's sweat resistant, with a dry-touch formula, while still offering UVA and UVB coverage.
Be supportive and have fun.
Trying a new outdoor fitness route, or running in front of strangers along the sand, can be a little discouraging, even if you're doing it with the one you love, __9__ Motivate each other to get out of bed on days and remind each other that you're not working out just for looks.Getting your body moving has long-term benefits that far outweigh what can be seen from the outside.
And remember to have fun: trying something new is tricky but finding something you both love and enjoy means you'll have a healthy habit for life.
A．Feel good with fitness preparation.
B．Dress comfortably and properly to feel good.
C．So how do you get motivated to get active once more
D．choose some exercises that require very little equipment.
E．so remind your partner that you're in it together and stay supportive.
F．make time to start something new together or work towards a common goal.
G．Sunscreen, too, is a must-have when choosing to exercise together on the beach.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2023·滨州二模)Marialaura Bonaccio is an expert who studies the impact of a Mediterranean diet on human body.“It's the combination of basic foods in a Mediterrancan diet __1__ seems to keep physically healthy.” she says.
Bonaccio notes that a very important difference in the Mediterranean diet lies in the use of red wine.While in other parts of the world alcohol __2__ (consume) outside of meals, in a Mediterranean diet red wine is taken together with food.When wine is accompanied by food, it's absorbed into the bloodstream __3__ (gradual)．This safeguards the liver by holding it in the stomach __4__ (long), and as a result, the body enjoys the benefits of wine without any negative impact on the liver.
Seasonal foods with olive oil instead of other forms of fat, __5__ is typical of a Mediterranean diet, is another reason for the diet's protective impact on aging.Olive oil has proven __6__ (lower) the amount of bad cholesterol (胆固醇), which has __7__ positive impact on the body.
In the end, a Mediterranean diet is part of the factors __8__ (contribute) to our physical health, but it takes __9__ (commit) to make them happen.Still, eat well and enjoy yourself every day in life, __10__ you will get a worthwhile reward.
Ⅳ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你想约你的留学生好友Mike早上一起跑步，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．写信目的； 2.跑步的好处； 3.期待回复。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①judge □ ②cyclist □
③athlete □ ④competitor □
⑤harmful □ ⑥mental □
⑦emergency □ ⑧recovery □
⑨healthy □ ⑩poisonous □
balance □ sugary □
weakness □ digest □
limit □ benefit □
volunteer □ regular □
responsibility □ professional □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
poisonous， sugary， emergency， digest， limit， volunteer， responsibility， athlete，judge， cyclist
1．If you chew your food properly, it is easier to ______.
2．Some snakes are _______and this causes people's death.
3．The government has declared a state of ______ following the earthquake.
4．Taxing high-fat and ______ junk food is an effective way to fight obesity.
5．In the competition, most of the ______ showed a high level of competition and motivation.
6．A good ______ can cover a distance of over a hundred miles a day.
7．We need to take ______ for looking after our own health.
8．The ______ kept a record of everything they ate for a week in the diet research.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．______ (judge) by his pale face, he might not feel himself.
2．Keep healthy by eating well and exercising ______ (regular)．
3．Fruit juices can be ______ (harm) to children's teeth.
4．Good nutrition is essential if patients are to make a quick ______ (recover)．
5．It makes sense to eat a reasonably ______ (balance) diet when slimming.
6．Tom, one of the oldest ______ (competitor), won the individual silver medal.
7．Embracing nature is very ______ (benefit) for us to develop body and mind.
8．People can eat more ______ (healthy) without making major changes to their diet.
9．As we all know, lacking sleep is bad for their health both physically and ______ (mental)．
10．The activity aims to help us students spot our ______ (weak) and improve ourselves so that we can have a fulfilling and healthy life.
