2024届新高考英语高频词汇讲解与训练讲义学案（十）（含答案）

2024届新高考英语高频词汇讲解与训练（十）
课堂任务一 课前限时练 都是老师精选的好题！！要做到每一个单词都认识哦~
语法填空
What makes something a sport Traditional definitions usually included some physical activity ___56___ shows athletic ability or strength. But some sports can take the form of mental competitions. For instance, chess ___57___ (recognize)as a sport by the International Olympic Committee in 1999. Now, some people wonder ___58___ eSports should also be considered sports.
The word eSports is short for electronic sports. It is ___59___ form of competition in which professional players or gamers play video games either in teams or individually. ___60___ (typical), the winners receive prize money at the end of the competition.
The first eSports event was the one ___61___ (hold)by Stanford University in the 1970s, for the game Spacewar! Over the next 30 years, video games exploded in ___62___ (popular). More and more countries, such as South Korea, China and the United States, started to develop eSports into an industry. In the 2000s, television broadcasts of the competitions, ___63___ (feature) games like Street Fighter III, StarCraft, and Counter-strike, became popular. In the 2010s, thanks ___64___ online streaming services, eSports grew rapidly with more worldwide tournaments, more viewers, and larger ___65___ (prize). In 2020, the industry made more than US$1 billion for the first time ever.
应用文假定你是李华，你校上周举办了“迎亚运”为主题的海报设计大赛，请为校英文报撰写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 比赛过程及结果;
2. 比赛影响。
注意：
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
A Poster Design Contest on Welcoming the Asian Games
_______________________________________________________________________________续写
When I was about six years old, my family and I went to Disneyland one weekend and had a wonderful day full of excitement. Little did I know that the real excitement wasn’t to begin until that night.
While we watched the fireworks, I began to get an urge to go to the restroom, but I didn’t want to miss the show. I overheard my sister Isabel talking to my mom, and I got closer to them to hear what they were talking about.
“Mom, I’m going to the bathroom with Lizette, okay ” said Isabel.
“Okay,” my mom replied, “but stay together. I don’t want any of you getting lost. ”
The second I saw my sisters leaving, I didn’t think twice before running after them—without telling my parents. As I followed them through the huge crowd of people, I started to lose sight of them. I began to panic as I scanned the crowd for them. Crazy thoughts ran through my head like “What if I never see my family again ”
I gave up trying to find my sisters and tried to get back to my family, but I was completely mixed up. After searching for what seemed like forever, I couldn’t hold back my tears, and I started crying like I had never cried before.
“Mommy!” I cried out. But everyone around me was too caught up by the fireworks to pay any attention to me.
I tried to stop the scary thoughts that were going through my head and started running as fast as I could...anywhere...everywhere. I was going crazy. I’m only six, and I’ve gotten lost. “What have I done How could I have been so dumb to run off without telling anyone ” I thought.
With my face wet from tears, I kept running, pulling at people’s pants and crying, “Mommy!” I was hoping, wishing, that one of these adults would be one of my parents.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Luckily, I felt a pat on my shoulder and a gentle voice came, “Are you lost ”
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, through the crowd of people, I recognized a face.
_______________________________________________________________________________1.effect n．效果，作用；影响
have an effect on对……有影响(have a/an＋adj.＋effect on...)
have some/little/no effect on对……有些/一点/没有影响
in effect实际上，事实上；有效
take effect见效，开始起作用；(法律或规章)生效，开始实行
come into effect实行，实施，生效
be of no effect无效
cause and effect因果
注意：虽然表达“对……有影响”用have an effect on，但表示“有很大/小影响”用have much/little effect on，而不用many/few。
The medicine had a good effect on me.
那种药对我有良好的功效。
The advertising campaign didn't have much effect on sales.
这些广告攻势对销售额没起到多大作用。
The medicine quickly took effect.
这种药很快就见效了。
affect/effect/influence辨析
(1)affect仅作动词，可以用于以下三种情况：
①对某人或某物产生不良的影响，通常以被影响的人或物作为宾语。作“影响”讲时，是及物动词，相当于短语have an effect on。
Hot weather affects his health.
炎热的天气影响着他的健康。
②作“使改动，使变化”之意讲时，属中性词，没有好坏之分。
He wasn't affected by the news.
他听了这消息后无动于衷。
③感动。
His speech affected the audience deeply.
他的演讲深深地打动了观众。
(2)effect通常指使某人或某物得以改进和变化，强调造成一种特殊的后果。作名词时指affect的结果。
This medicine has no effect on his headache.
这种药对他的头疼不起作用。
(3)influence指通过劝说、行为或事例等对另一方的行为、性格、观点产生潜移默化的或持久的影响，尤其在感情和态度上的影响。有动词和名词两种词性。
What we read influences our thinking.
我们阅读的书籍会对我们的思想产生影响。
完成句子
(1)We should learn to distinguish between__________(因果)．
(2)The new law________________________(生效)from tomorrow.
(3)________(实际上)，the two systems are the same.
单项填空
(4)Recently tourism has a great________on the wildlife in my hometown，which causes complaints.
A．effort B．effect C．affect D．reflect
2.disappoint vt.使失望
The film disappointed him.影片使他失望。
(1)有些及物动词的现在分词和过去分词均可用作形容词，现在分词意为“令人……的”，一般用来指物；过去分词意为“某人感到……的”，一般用来指人。但指人的“表情”“ 嗓音”等时用过去分词。此类形容词有：
　
　
　
　
The disappointing news made us disappointed.
这个令人失望的消息使我们很失望。
I was moved by the moving scene.
我被这令人感动的一幕打动了。
(2)
I'm disappointed that I failed the exam.
我失望的是我考试没及格。
用disappoint的适当形式填空
(1)From his father's________look，we know the________boy made his father________.
(2)The long speech given by that old professor seemed________and endless.
（3）—The film is ，I have to say，not a bit interesting.
—Why It's________than the films I have ever seen.
A．far more interesting B．much less interesting
C．no more interesting D．any less interesting
3.perform
(1)vt.& vi.演出，表演
The play was first performed in 1987.
这部剧于1987年首次上演。
(2)vt.做，履行，执行
The surgeon has performed the operation.
外科医生已做完了手术。
(3)vi.工作，运转(好/不好)
The engine seems to be performing well.
发动机似乎运转正常。
perform an experiment/operation做实验/施行手术
perform a play上演一部剧本
perform a role in(＝play a role in...)在……中起作用
perform well/badly(poorly)/satisfactorily表现得好/坏/令人满意
performance n．表演，演奏
performer n．表演者
put on performance表演
(1)We've never seen a Shakespeare's play________so wonderfully.
A．perform B．is performing C．performing D．performed
(2)—Tonight the blind boy will perform________the piano at the party.
—Great！He succeeded at last！He's performed________a wonder.
A．/；/ B．on；on C．on；/ D．/；on
4.impress vt.使(人)印象深刻；印上，压出印记
impress sth on sb
＝impress sb with sth使某人牢记/铭记某事
impress sth on sth把……印在……上
be impressed by/at/with...被……感动；对……印象深刻
be impressed on one's mind/memory
被印在脑海里，留下深刻的印象
impression n．印象
impressive adj.使人印象深刻的，令人感动的
leave/make
The book didn't impress me at all.
这本书没有给我留下一点印象。
He impressed me with the importance of the work.
他让我明白了工作的重要性。
The teachers were impressed by your performance in the exam.所有的老师被你们的考试成绩所感动。
(1)He________a design on cloth.What a beautiful design!
A．pressed B．impressed C．put D．placed
(2)The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO 2010 was strongly impressed________my memory.
A．to B．over C．by D．on
(3)When you stay in a stranger's home，you should do everything properly so that you can make a good________on the host.
A．expression B．impression C．suggestion D．manner
5.combine vt.(使)联合，(使)结合
combine sth with/and sth把……与……联合
combine with与……混合，与……化合
combine business with pleasure劳逸结合
We should combine business with pleasure.
我们应该劳逸结合。
完成句子
你应该努力把锻炼与健康饮食结合起来。
You should try to________exercise________healthy diets.
6.represent vt.代表；象征；描绘
What does this mark represent？这个符号代表什么？
representative n．代表者，代理人，众议员
represent sb/sth as sb/sth把……描述成……
represent sb as/to be...宣称某人为……
represent sth to sb向某人说明某事，向某人传达某事
be well/badly represented很好/很差地展示
be representative of...是……的代表
He represented himself as(to be)a friend of mine.
他自称是我的一个朋友。
Are your opinions representative of those of the other students
你们的意见代表其他的学生吗？
(1)Zhang Yining and her fellow teammates，________China's Women Ping pong Team，took park in the 2008 Olympics Games.
A.represent B．represented C．representing D．being represented
(2)His only aim is________our country at the Olympics in 2016.
A．represented B．to be represented
C．representing D．to represent
7.treasure n．财宝，财富
treasure作“财宝”讲一般是不可数名词；作“珍贵的东西”讲一般是可数名词。也可用作及物动词，意为“珍惜”。
There is much treasure in this tomb.
这个墓里有许多财宝。
We should treasure our friendship.
我们应该珍惜我们的友谊。
完成句子
(1)We should________(爱惜)manpower and material resources.
汉译英
(2)我珍惜你的友谊。
______________________________________________________
(3)He________the watch his mother gave him.
A．longs B．treasures C．admires D．appreciates
(4)I shall________this gift because it was given by the teacher I loved.
A．enjoy B．treasure C．admire D．appreciate
8.quit v．停止，辞职
He quit his job last month.他上个月辞职了。
Quit laughing！别笑了！
quit—quit/quitted—quit/quitted—quitting
quit后跟动词的 ing形式。
quit/stop辨析
两者都可以表示“停止”。其区别在于：
stop：指动作、运行、进展等被停下来，含突然、断然的意味。
quit：指最终彻底停止某事，有时暗示遭到失败或面临挫折。
用stop与quit填空
(1)The police were called to________a fight outside the theatre.
(2)In order to keep you healthy，you'd better________drinking and smoking.
(3)They________work at 5 pm and then went home.
A．quit B．did C．started D．began
9.appearance外貌，外观
Don't judge people by their appearances.不要以貌取人。
appearance n．出现，显露，露面；外观/外貌/外表
appear vi.出现
make appearance登台，出现
make a good/poor appearance 显得一表人材/显得很不雅观
at first appearance乍看起来
in appearance外貌上，看起来
keep up appearances装点门面；装阔气，维持体面
She's made a number of appearances on television.
她已在电视上几次露面。
His sudden appearance surprised her.
他的突然出现使她很惊讶。
(1)There is no point in keeping up________when everyone knows we're nearly bankrupt(破产)．
A．engagements B．gatherings C．meetings D．appearances
(2)The environmentalists said wild goats'________on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment.
A．escape B．absence C．attendance D．appearance
10.transform vt.转变，转换
Success and wealth transformed his character.
成功和财富改变了他的性格。
transform sb/sth into...把某人/物改变成……
transform sb/sth from...从……中转变而来
Transform wind into energy.把风转化成能量。
The company has been transformed from a family business to a multi million pound operation.
这家公司已由一个家庭企业变成拥有数百万英镑的运作机构。
(1)Water can transform a desert________a garden.
A．into B．from C．in D．with
(2)In only 20 years，the country has________into an advanced industrial power.
A．translated B．degraded C．declined D．transformed
答案：1.(1)cause and effect　(2)comes into effect/takes effect　(3)In effect　(4)B
2.(1)disappointed；disappointing；disappointed (2)disappointing
（3）解析　 句意：——我不得不说这部电影一点也没有趣。—— 为什么？ 它比我所看过的电影都有趣得多。从句意可知， 第二个人认为那部电影非常有趣，应该用表示肯定的比较级。答案　A
3.(1)D　(2)C
4.(1)B　(2)D　(3)B
5.combine；with
6.(1)C　(2)D
7.(1)treasure　(2)I treasure your friendship. (3)B　(4)B
8.(1)stop　(2)quit　(3)A
9.(1)D　(2)D
10.(1)A　(2)D
限时答案
56．which##that
57．was recognized
58．if##whether
59．a
60．Typically
61．held
62．popularity
63．featuring
64．to
65．prizes
【导语】
这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了新兴的电子竞技比赛。
56．
考查定语从句关系词。句意：传统的定义通常包括某种显示运动能力或力量的体育活动。句子结构分析可知“__1__shows athletic ability or strength”为限制性定语从句。设空处指代先行词some physical activity，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。
57．
考查时态和语态。句意：例如，国际象棋在1999年被国际奥委会认可为一项运动。句子分析可知设空处在句中作谓语动词，由时间状语“in 1999”可知此句为一般过去时，主语“chess”与recognize之间为被动关系，所以此句用一般过去时的被动语态，chess作主语，谓语动词用单数，故填was recognized。
58．
考查名词性从句连接词。句意：现在一些人想知道电子竞技是否也应该被视为体育运动。句子结构分析可知设空处引导名词性从句作动词wonder的宾语，设空处在从句中不充当语法成分，表示“是否”，所以用whether或if。故填whether/if。
59．
考查冠词。句意：这是一种比赛形式，职业玩家或游戏玩家以团队或个人的形式玩视频游戏。在句中form指的“类型、形式”是可数名词，在句中表泛指，空后的form发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a，短语a form of意为“一种……的形式”。故填a。
60．
考查副词。句意：通常，获胜者在比赛结束时获得奖金。句子分析可知，设空处作状语，修饰后文整个句子，副词typically意为“通常，一般”符合句意，设空处置于句首，首字母大写，故填Typically。
61．
考查非谓语动词。句意：第一次电子竞技赛事是在20世纪70年代由斯坦福大学举办的，当时的游戏是Spacewar！句子分析可知设空处作后置定语修饰 the one ，the one与hold之间是被动关系，用过去分词，故填held。
62．
考查名词。句意：在接下来的 30 年里，电子游戏大受欢迎。设空处在句中作介词in的宾语，所给词popular的名词popularity意为“受欢迎，流行”符合题意，故填popularity。
63．
考查非谓语动词。句意：在2000年代，以 Street Fighter III, StarCraft, and Counter-strike等游戏为特色的比赛电视转播开始流行。句子结构分析可知，设空处为非谓语动词，the competitions与feature之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词，故填featuring。
64．
考查介词。句意：在 2010 年代，由于在线流媒体服务，电子竞技发展迅速，拥有更多的全球锦标赛、更多的观众和更大的奖金。固定短语thanks to意为“因为，由于”符合句意，故填to。
65．
考查名词复数。句意：在 2010 年代，由于在线流媒体服务，电子竞技发展迅速，拥有更多的全球锦标赛、更多的观众和更大的奖金。句子结构分析可知，设空处在句中作宾语，名词prize意为“奖，奖金”符合句意，此处为复数概念，故填prizes。
66．One possible version:
A Poster Design Contest on Welcoming the Asian Games
Last week witnessed a poster design contest themed Welcome the Asian Games in our school.
More than 50 students actively participated and submitted their well-designed entries, including hand drawings and computer graphics. After a careful selection process, 20 outstanding works were awarded for their innovative formats and fantastic ideas, which are now on display on the school website.
The contest turns out to be a big hit. Not only does it provide a platform for students to showcase their talent but also it further stimulates their eagerness to get involved in the Asian Games.
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校英文报撰写一篇报道，介绍上周学校举办的“迎亚运”为主题的海报设计大赛。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
参加：participate→take part
展出：on display→on show
比赛：contest→competition
优秀的：outstanding→excellent
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：More than 50 students actively participated and submitted their well-designed entries, including hand drawings and computer graphics.
拓展句：More than 50 students actively participated and submitted their well-designed entries, which included hand drawings and computer graphics.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】After a careful selection process, 20 outstanding works were awarded for their innovative formats and fantastic ideas, which are now on display on the school website.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】 Not only does it provide a platform for students to showcase their talent but also it further stimulates their eagerness to get involved in the Asian Games.（运用了倒装句）
67．Luckily, I felt a pat on my shoulder and a gentle voice came, “Are you lost” “Yeeesss!” I cried. It was a lady working at Disney. She picked me up and carried me through the crowd as she kept asking me where my parents had been standing. As I began to feel safe in the lady’s arms, I calmed down and thought for a few minutes. I remembered we had been leaning against a wooden fence. She carried me around the wooden fence, asking random people, “Is this your child ” “No. Sorry,” everyone kept saying. You’re sorry Look at me. I’m looking for my mommy, I thought.
Finally, through the crowd of people, I recognized a face. I was so happy. “Mommy!” I shouted as I pointed toward her so the lady could carry me to her. When the lady put me down, I ran to my mom and gave her a huge hug. I couldn’t let go of her. I didn’t want to lose her again. As I cried in my mother’s arms, my family thanked the nice lady for everything she had done for me. For the rest of the evening and the entire next day, I was more concerned with making sure that my parents were within my sight at all times than I was with seeing the sights at Disneyland. I look back at these memories and laugh at myself, but to this day, I always make sure to tell someone where I am going before I run off.
【导语】
本篇书面表达为读后续写，文章讲述了作者一次难忘的经历。作者跟家人去迪士尼游玩，没告诉家人的情况下跟着姐姐们去卫生间，结果与家人走散。作者哭着到处找家人，但是大家都沉浸在烟火表演中。就在作者无助时，有人发现了与家人走散的作者，并带着作者找到了家人。
【详解】
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“幸运的是，我感到有人拍了拍我的肩膀，一个温柔的声音传来：‘你迷路了吗 ’”可知，第一段可描写有人发现作者与家人走散，并带着作者去找家人。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，在人群中，我认出了一张脸。”可知，第二段可描写作者找到了家人，家人表示感谢。
2. 续写线索：询问情况——帮助找家人——找到家人——感谢——感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①镇定下来：calm down/compose oneself
②跑向某人：run to sb/rush to sb
③拥抱：gave sb a hug/hug sb/embrace sb
情绪类
①高兴：happy/delighted
②感谢：thank/show appreciation/show gratitude/be grateful
【点睛】
【高分句型1】She picked me up and carried me through the crowd as she kept asking me where my parents had been standing. （运用了as引导的时间状语从句和where引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】As I cried in my mother’s arms, my family thanked the nice lady for everything she had done for me.（运用as引导的时间状语从句和省略that的限制性定语从句）